tparameter-list.txt - pism - [fork] customized build of PISM, the parallel ice sheet model (tillflux branch)
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---
tparameter-list.txt (103957B)
---
1 .. -*- mode: rst -*-
2
3 .. DO NOT EDIT: This file was automatically generated. Edit src/pism_config.cdl instead.
4
5
6 #. :config:`age.enabled` (*flag*)
7
8 :Value: no
9 :Option: :opt:`-age`
10 :Description: Solve age equation (advection equation for ice age).
11
12 #. :config:`age.initial_value` (*number*)
13
14 :Value: 0 (years)
15 :Description: Initial age of ice
16
17 #. :config:`atmosphere.anomaly.file` (*string*)
18
19 :Value: *no default*
20 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_anomaly_file`
21 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
22
23 #. :config:`atmosphere.anomaly.period` (*integer*)
24
25 :Value: 0
26 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_anomaly_period`
27 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
28
29 #. :config:`atmosphere.anomaly.reference_year` (*integer*)
30
31 :Value: 0
32 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_anomaly_reference_year`
33 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.anomaly.period`` is active.
34
35 #. :config:`atmosphere.delta_P.file` (*string*)
36
37 :Value: *no default*
38 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_delta_P_file`
39 :Description: Name of the file containing scalar precipitation offsets.
40
41 #. :config:`atmosphere.delta_P.period` (*integer*)
42
43 :Value: 0
44 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_delta_P_period`
45 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
46
47 #. :config:`atmosphere.delta_P.reference_year` (*integer*)
48
49 :Value: 0
50 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_delta_P_reference_year`
51 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.delta_P.period`` is active.
52
53 #. :config:`atmosphere.delta_T.file` (*string*)
54
55 :Value: *no default*
56 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_delta_T_file`
57 :Description: Name of the file containing temperature offsets.
58
59 #. :config:`atmosphere.delta_T.period` (*integer*)
60
61 :Value: 0
62 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_delta_T_period`
63 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
64
65 #. :config:`atmosphere.delta_T.reference_year` (*integer*)
66
67 :Value: 0
68 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_delta_T_reference_year`
69 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.delta_T.period`` is active.
70
71 #. :config:`atmosphere.elevation_change.file` (*string*)
72
73 :Value: *no default*
74 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_lapse_rate_file`
75 :Description: Name of the file containing the reference surface elevation field (variable ``usurf``).
76
77 #. :config:`atmosphere.elevation_change.period` (*integer*)
78
79 :Value: 0
80 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_lapse_rate_period`
81 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
82
83 #. :config:`atmosphere.elevation_change.precipitation.lapse_rate` (*number*)
84
85 :Value: 0 ((kg m-2 / year) / km)
86 :Option: :opt:`-precip_lapse_rate`
87 :Description: Elevation lapse rate for the surface mass balance
88
89 #. :config:`atmosphere.elevation_change.precipitation.method` (*keyword*)
90
91 :Value: ``shift``
92 :Choices: ``scale, shift``
93 :Option: :opt:`-precip_adjustment`
94 :Description: Choose the precipitation adjustment method. ``scale``: use temperature-change-dependent scaling factor. ``shift``: use the precipitation lapse rate.
95
96 #. :config:`atmosphere.elevation_change.reference_year` (*integer*)
97
98 :Value: 0
99 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_lapse_rate_reference_year`
100 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.elevation_change.period`` is active.
101
102 #. :config:`atmosphere.elevation_change.temperature_lapse_rate` (*number*)
103
104 :Value: 0 (Kelvin / km)
105 :Option: :opt:`-temp_lapse_rate`
106 :Description: Elevation lapse rate for the surface temperature
107
108 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.c_ma` (*number*)
109
110 :Value: -0.718900 (Kelvin / degree_north)
111 :Description: latitude-dependence coefficient for formula (1) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
112
113 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.c_mj` (*number*)
114
115 :Value: -0.158500 (Kelvin / degree_north)
116 :Description: latitude-dependence coefficient for formula (2) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
117
118 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.d_ma` (*number*)
119
120 :Value: 314.980000 (Kelvin)
121 :Description: 41.83+273.15; base temperature for formula (1) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
122
123 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.d_mj` (*number*)
124
125 :Value: 287.850000 (Kelvin)
126 :Description: = 14.70+273.15; base temperature for formula (2) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
127
128 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.gamma_ma` (*number*)
129
130 :Value: -0.006309 (Kelvin / meter)
131 :Description: = -6.309 / 1km; mean slope lapse rate for formula (1) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
132
133 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.gamma_mj` (*number*)
134
135 :Value: -0.005426 (Kelvin / meter)
136 :Description: = -5.426 / 1km; mean slope lapse rate for formula (2) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
137
138 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.kappa_ma` (*number*)
139
140 :Value: 0.067200 (Kelvin / degree_west)
141 :Description: longitude-dependence coefficient for formula (1) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
142
143 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.kappa_mj` (*number*)
144
145 :Value: 0.051800 (Kelvin / degree_west)
146 :Description: longitude-dependence coefficient for formula (2) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
147
148 #. :config:`atmosphere.fausto_air_temp.summer_peak_day` (*integer*)
149
150 :Value: 196
151 :Description: day of year for July 15; used in corrected formula (4) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
152
153 #. :config:`atmosphere.frac_P.file` (*string*)
154
155 :Value: *no default*
156 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_frac_P_file`
157 :Description: Name of the file containing scalar precipitation scaling.
158
159 #. :config:`atmosphere.frac_P.period` (*integer*)
160
161 :Value: 0
162 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_frac_P_period`
163 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
164
165 #. :config:`atmosphere.frac_P.reference_year` (*integer*)
166
167 :Value: 0
168 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_frac_P_reference_year`
169 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.frac_P.period`` is active.
170
171 #. :config:`atmosphere.given.file` (*string*)
172
173 :Value: *no default*
174 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_given_file`
175 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
176
177 #. :config:`atmosphere.given.period` (*integer*)
178
179 :Value: 0
180 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_given_period`
181 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
182
183 #. :config:`atmosphere.given.reference_year` (*integer*)
184
185 :Value: 0
186 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_given_reference_year`
187 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.given.period`` is active.
188
189 #. :config:`atmosphere.models` (*string*)
190
191 :Value: given
192 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere`
193 :Description: Comma-separated list of atmosphere melt models and modifiers.
194
195 #. :config:`atmosphere.one_station.file` (*string*)
196
197 :Value: *no default*
198 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_one_station_file`
199 :Description: Specifies a file containing scalar time-series 'precipitation' and 'air_temp'.
200
201 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.background_precip_post` (*number*)
202
203 :Value: 0 (mm/hr)
204 :Option: :opt:`-background_precip_post`
205 :Description: Adding background precipitation after truncation
206
207 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.background_precip_pre` (*number*)
208
209 :Value: 0 (mm/hr)
210 :Option: :opt:`-background_precip_pre`
211 :Description: Adding background precipitation before truncation
212
213 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.conversion_time` (*number*)
214
215 :Value: 1000 (s)
216 :Option: :opt:`-conversion_time`
217 :Description: Cloud conversion time
218
219 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.coriolis_latitude` (*number*)
220
221 :Value: 0 (degrees_N)
222 :Option: :opt:`-coriolis_latitude`
223 :Description: Latitude used to compute Coriolis force
224
225 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.fallout_time` (*number*)
226
227 :Value: 1000 (s)
228 :Option: :opt:`-fallout_time`
229 :Description: Fallout time
230
231 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.grid_size_factor` (*integer*)
232
233 :Value: 2
234 :Description: The spectral grid size is (Z*(grid.Mx - 1) + 1, Z*(grid.My - 1) + 1) where Z is given by this parameter.
235
236 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.lapse_rate` (*number*)
237
238 :Value: -5.800000 (K / km)
239 :Option: :opt:`-lapse_rate`
240 :Description: Lapse rate
241
242 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.moist_adiabatic_lapse_rate` (*number*)
243
244 :Value: -6.500000 (K / km)
245 :Option: :opt:`-moist_adiabatic_lapse_rate`
246 :Description: Water vapor scale height
247
248 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.moist_stability_frequency` (*number*)
249
250 :Value: 0.050000 (1/s)
251 :Option: :opt:`-moist_stability_frequency`
252 :Description: Moist stability frequency
253
254 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.reference_density` (*number*)
255
256 :Value: 0.007400 (kg m-3)
257 :Option: :opt:`-reference_density`
258 :Description: Water vapor scale height
259
260 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.scale_factor` (*number*)
261
262 :Value: 1 (1)
263 :Option: :opt:`-scale_factor`
264 :Description: Precipitation scaling factor
265
266 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.truncate` (*flag*)
267
268 :Value: true
269 :Option: :opt:`-truncate`
270 :Description: Truncate precipitation at 0
271
272 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.water_vapor_scale_height` (*number*)
273
274 :Value: 2500 (m)
275 :Option: :opt:`-water_vapor_scale_height`
276 :Description: Water vapor scale height
277
278 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.wind_direction` (*number*)
279
280 :Value: 270 (degrees)
281 :Option: :opt:`-wind_direction`
282 :Description: The direction the wind is coming from
283
284 #. :config:`atmosphere.orographic_precipitation.wind_speed` (*number*)
285
286 :Value: 10 (m/s)
287 :Option: :opt:`-wind_speed`
288 :Description: The direction the wind is coming from
289
290 #. :config:`atmosphere.pik.file` (*string*)
291
292 :Value: *no default*
293 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_pik_file`
294 :Description: Name of the file containing the reference surface elevation field (variable ``usurf``).
295
296 #. :config:`atmosphere.pik.parameterization` (*keyword*)
297
298 :Value: ``martin``
299 :Choices: ``martin, huybrechts_dewolde, martin_huybrechts_dewolde, era_interim, era_interim_sin, era_interim_lon``
300 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_pik`
301 :Description: Selects parameterizations of mean annual and mean summer near-surface air temperatures.
302
303 #. :config:`atmosphere.precip_exponential_factor_for_temperature` (*number*)
304
305 :Value: 0.070417 (Kelvin-1)
306 :Description: = 0.169/2.4; in SeaRISE-Greenland formula for precipitation correction using air temperature offsets relative to present; a 7.3% change of precipitation rate for every one degC of temperature change :cite:`Huybrechts02`
307
308 #. :config:`atmosphere.precip_scaling.file` (*string*)
309
310 :Value: *no default*
311 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_precip_scaling_file`
312 :Description: Name of the file containing temperature offsets to use for a precipitation correction.
313
314 #. :config:`atmosphere.precip_scaling.period` (*integer*)
315
316 :Value: 0
317 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_precip_scaling_period`
318 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
319
320 #. :config:`atmosphere.precip_scaling.reference_year` (*integer*)
321
322 :Value: 0
323 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_precip_scaling_reference_year`
324 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.precip_scaling.period`` is active.
325
326 #. :config:`atmosphere.searise_greenland.file` (*string*)
327
328 :Value: *no default*
329 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_searise_greenland_file`
330 :Description: Name of the file containing a precipitation field.
331
332 #. :config:`atmosphere.uniform.precipitation` (*number*)
333
334 :Value: 1000 (kg m-2 year-1)
335 :Description: Precipitation used by the 'uniform' atmosphere model.
336
337 #. :config:`atmosphere.uniform.temperature` (*number*)
338
339 :Value: 273.150000 (Kelvin)
340 :Description: Air temperature used by the 'uniform' atmosphere model.
341
342 #. :config:`atmosphere.yearly_cycle.file` (*string*)
343
344 :Value: *no default*
345 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_yearly_cycle_file`
346 :Description: Name of the file containing mean annual and mean July temperatures (`air_temp_mean_annual` and `air_temp_mean_summer`) and the `precipitation` field.
347
348 #. :config:`atmosphere.yearly_cycle.scaling.file` (*string*)
349
350 :Value: *no default*
351 :Option: :opt:`-atmosphere_yearly_cycle_scaling_file`
352 :Description: Name of the file containing amplitude scaling (`amplitude_scaling`) for the near-surface air temperature.
353
354 #. :config:`atmosphere.yearly_cycle.scaling.period` (*integer*)
355
356 :Value: 0
357 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
358
359 #. :config:`atmosphere.yearly_cycle.scaling.reference_year` (*integer*)
360
361 :Value: 0
362 :Description: Reference year to use when ``atmosphere.yearly_cycle.scaling.period`` is active.
363
364 #. :config:`basal_resistance.beta_ice_free_bedrock` (*number*)
365
366 :Value: 1.800000e+09 (Pascal second meter-1)
367 :Description: value is for ice stream E from :cite:`HulbeMacAyeal`; thus sliding velocity, but we hope it doesn't matter much; at 100 m/year the linear sliding law gives 57040 Pa basal shear stress
368
369 #. :config:`basal_resistance.beta_lateral_margin` (*number*)
370
371 :Value: 1.000000e+19 (Pascal second meter-1)
372 :Description: high value of `\beta` used to simulate drag at lateral ice margins (fjord walls, etc); the default value is chosen to disable flow in the direction along a margin
373
374 #. :config:`basal_resistance.plastic.regularization` (*number*)
375
376 :Value: 0.010000 (meter / year)
377 :Option: :opt:`-plastic_reg`
378 :Description: Set the value of `\epsilon` regularization of plastic till; this is the second `\epsilon` in formula (4.1) in :cite:`SchoofStream`
379
380 #. :config:`basal_resistance.pseudo_plastic.enabled` (*flag*)
381
382 :Value: no
383 :Option: :opt:`-pseudo_plastic`
384 :Description: Use the pseudo-plastic till model (basal sliding law).
385
386 #. :config:`basal_resistance.pseudo_plastic.q` (*number*)
387
388 :Value: 0.250000 (pure number)
389 :Option: :opt:`-pseudo_plastic_q`
390 :Description: The exponent of the pseudo-plastic basal resistance model
391
392 #. :config:`basal_resistance.pseudo_plastic.sliding_scale_factor` (*number*)
393
394 :Value: -1 (1)
395 :Option: :opt:`-sliding_scale_factor_reduces_tauc`
396 :Description: divides pseudo-plastic tauc (yield stress) by given factor; this would increase sliding by given factor in absence of membrane stresses; not used if negative or zero; not used by default
397
398 #. :config:`basal_resistance.pseudo_plastic.u_threshold` (*number*)
399
400 :Value: 100 (meter / year)
401 :Option: :opt:`-pseudo_plastic_uthreshold`
402 :Description: threshold velocity of the pseudo-plastic sliding law
403
404 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.add_transportable_water` (*flag*)
405
406 :Value: no
407 :Option: :opt:`-tauc_add_transportable_water`
408 :Description: If 'yes' then the water amount in the transport system is added to tillwat in determining tauc (in the Mohr-Coulomb relation). Normally only the water in the till is used.
409
410 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.constant.value` (*number*)
411
412 :Value: 200000 (Pascal)
413 :Option: :opt:`-tauc`
414 :Description: fill value for yield stress for basal till (plastic or pseudo-plastic model); note `2 \times 10^5` Pa = 2 bar is quite strong and little sliding should occur
415
416 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.ice_free_bedrock` (*number*)
417
418 :Value: 1000000 (Pascal)
419 :Option: :opt:`-high_tauc`
420 :Description: the 'high' yield stress value used in grounded ice-free areas.
421
422 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.model` (*keyword*)
423
424 :Value: ``mohr_coulomb``
425 :Choices: ``constant, mohr_coulomb``
426 :Option: :opt:`-yield_stress`
427 :Description: The basal yield stress model to use when sliding is active.
428
429 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.delta.file` (*string*)
430
431 :Value: *no default*
432 :Option: :opt:`-mohr_coulomb_delta_file`
433 :Description: Name of the file containing space- and time-dependent variable `mohr_coulomb_delta` to use instead of `basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_effective_fraction_overburden`.
434
435 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.delta.period` (*integer*)
436
437 :Value: 0
438 :Option: :opt:`-mohr_coulomb_delta_period`
439 :Description: Length of the period. Set to zero to disable.
440
441 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.delta.reference_year` (*integer*)
442
443 :Value: 0
444 :Option: :opt:`-mohr_coulomb_delta_reference_year`
445 :Description: Reference year to use when ``basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.delta.period`` is active.
446
447 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.tauc_to_phi.file` (*string*)
448
449 :Value: *no default*
450 :Option: :opt:`-tauc_to_phi`
451 :Description: File containing the basal yield stress field that should be used to recover the till friction angle distribution.
452
453 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_cohesion` (*number*)
454
455 :Value: 0 (Pascal)
456 :Option: :opt:`-till_cohesion`
457 :Description: cohesion of till; = c_0 in most references; note Schoof uses zero but Paterson pp 168--169 gives range 0--40 kPa; but Paterson notes that '... all the pairs c_0 and phi in the table would give a yield stress for Ice Stream B that exceeds the basal shear stress there...'
458
459 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_compressibility_coefficient` (*number*)
460
461 :Value: 0.120000 (pure number)
462 :Option: :opt:`-till_compressibility_coefficient`
463 :Description: coefficient of compressiblity of till; value from :cite:`Tulaczyketal2000`
464
465 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_effective_fraction_overburden` (*number*)
466
467 :Value: 0.020000 (pure number)
468 :Option: :opt:`-till_effective_fraction_overburden`
469 :Description: `\delta` in notes; `N_0 = \delta P_o` where `P_o` is overburden pressure; `N_0` is reference (low) value of effective pressure (i.e. normal stress); `N_0` scales with overburden pressure unlike :cite:`Tulaczyketal2000`; default value from Greenland and Antarctic model runs
470
471 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_log_factor_transportable_water` (*number*)
472
473 :Value: 0.100000 (meters)
474 :Option: :opt:`-till_log_factor_transportable_water`
475 :Description: If basal_yield_stress.add_transportable_water = yes then the water amount in the transport system is added to tillwat in determining tauc. Normally only the water in the till is used. This factor multiplies the logarithm in that formula.
476
477 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_phi_default` (*number*)
478
479 :Value: 30 (degrees)
480 :Option: :opt:`-plastic_phi`
481 :Description: fill value for till friction angle
482
483 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_reference_effective_pressure` (*number*)
484
485 :Value: 1000 (Pascal)
486 :Description: reference effective pressure N_0; value from :cite:`Tulaczyketal2000`
487
488 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.till_reference_void_ratio` (*number*)
489
490 :Value: 0.690000 (pure number)
491 :Option: :opt:`-till_reference_void_ratio`
492 :Description: void ratio at reference effective pressure N_0; value from :cite:`Tulaczyketal2000`
493
494 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.topg_to_phi.enabled` (*flag*)
495
496 :Value: no
497 :Description: If the option ``-topg_to_phi`` is set then this will be set to 'yes', and then MohrCoulombYieldStress will initialize the ``tillphi`` field using a piece-wise linear function of depth described by four parameters.
498
499 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.topg_to_phi.phi_max` (*number*)
500
501 :Value: 15 (degrees)
502 :Description: upper value of the till friction angle; see the implementation of MohrCoulombYieldStress
503
504 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.topg_to_phi.phi_min` (*number*)
505
506 :Value: 5 (degrees)
507 :Description: lower value of the till friction angle; see the implementation of MohrCoulombYieldStress
508
509 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.topg_to_phi.topg_max` (*number*)
510
511 :Value: 1000 (meters)
512 :Description: the elevation at which the upper value of the till friction angle is used; see the implementation of MohrCoulombYieldStress
513
514 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.mohr_coulomb.topg_to_phi.topg_min` (*number*)
515
516 :Value: -1000 (meters)
517 :Description: the elevation at which the lower value of the till friction angle is used; see the implementation of MohrCoulombYieldStress
518
519 #. :config:`basal_yield_stress.slippery_grounding_lines` (*flag*)
520
521 :Value: no
522 :Option: :opt:`-tauc_slippery_grounding_lines`
523 :Description: If yes, at icy grounded locations with bed elevations below sea level, within one cell of floating ice or ice-free ocean, make tauc as low as possible from the Mohr-Coulomb relation. Specifically, at such locations replace the normally-computed tauc from the Mohr-Coulomb relation, which uses the effective pressure from the modeled amount of water in the till, by the minimum value of tauc from Mohr-Coulomb, i.e. by using the effective pressure corresponding to the maximum amount of till-stored water. Does not alter the modeled or reported amount of till water, nor does this mechanism affect water conservation.
524
525 #. :config:`bed_deformation.bed_topography_delta_file` (*string*)
526
527 :Value: *no default*
528 :Option: :opt:`-topg_delta_file`
529 :Description: The name of the file to read the topg_delta from. This field is added to the bed topography during initialization.
530
531 #. :config:`bed_deformation.bed_uplift_file` (*string*)
532
533 :Value: *no default*
534 :Option: :opt:`-uplift_file`
535 :Description: The name of the file to read the uplift (dbdt) from. Leave empty to read it from an input file or a regridding file.
536
537 #. :config:`bed_deformation.lc.elastic_model` (*flag*)
538
539 :Value: yes
540 :Option: :opt:`-bed_def_lc_elastic_model`
541 :Description: Use the elastic part of the Lingle-Clark bed deformation model.
542
543 #. :config:`bed_deformation.lc.grid_size_factor` (*integer*)
544
545 :Value: 4
546 :Description: The spectral grid size is (Z*(grid.Mx - 1) + 1, Z*(grid.My - 1) + 1) where Z is given by this parameter. See :cite:`LingleClark`, :cite:`BLKfastearth`
547
548 #. :config:`bed_deformation.lc.update_interval` (*number*)
549
550 :Value: 10 (years)
551 :Description: Interval between updates of the Lingle-Clark model
552
553 #. :config:`bed_deformation.lithosphere_flexural_rigidity` (*number*)
554
555 :Value: 5.000000e+24 (Newton meter)
556 :Description: lithosphere flexural rigidity used by the bed deformation model. See :cite:`LingleClark`, :cite:`BLKfastearth`
557
558 #. :config:`bed_deformation.mantle_density` (*number*)
559
560 :Value: 3300 (kg meter-3)
561 :Description: half-space (mantle) density used by the bed deformation model. See :cite:`LingleClark`, :cite:`BLKfastearth`
562
563 #. :config:`bed_deformation.mantle_viscosity` (*number*)
564
565 :Value: 1.000000e+21 (Pascal second)
566 :Description: half-space (mantle) viscosity used by the bed deformation model. See :cite:`LingleClark`, :cite:`BLKfastearth`
567
568 #. :config:`bed_deformation.model` (*keyword*)
569
570 :Value: ``none``
571 :Choices: ``none, iso, lc``
572 :Option: :opt:`-bed_def`
573 :Description: Selects a bed deformation model to use. 'iso' is point-wise isostasy, 'lc' is the Lingle-Clark model (see :cite:`LingleClark`, requires FFTW3).
574
575 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.bed` (*number*)
576
577 :Value: 1 (meters)
578 :Description: bed elevation value to use if topg (bedrock_altitude) variable is absent in bootstrapping file
579
580 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.bmelt` (*number*)
581
582 :Value: 0 (meter / second)
583 :Description: basal melt rate value to use if variable bmelt is absent in bootstrapping file
584
585 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.bwat` (*number*)
586
587 :Value: 0 (meters)
588 :Description: till water thickness value to use if variable tillwat is absent in bootstrapping file
589
590 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.bwp` (*number*)
591
592 :Value: 0 (Pascal)
593 :Description: basal water pressure value to use if variable bwp is absent in bootstrapping file; most hydrology models do not use this value because bwp is diagnostic
594
595 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.enwat` (*number*)
596
597 :Value: 0 (meters)
598 :Description: effective englacial water thickness value to use if variable enwat is absent in bootstrapping file
599
600 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.geothermal_flux` (*number*)
601
602 :Value: 0.042000 (Watt meter-2)
603 :Description: geothermal flux value to use if bheatflx variable is absent in bootstrapping file
604
605 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.ice_thickness` (*number*)
606
607 :Value: 0 (meters)
608 :Description: thickness value to use if thk (land_ice_thickness) variable is absent in bootstrapping file
609
610 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.tillwat` (*number*)
611
612 :Value: 0 (meters)
613 :Description: till water thickness value to use if variable tillwat is absent in bootstrapping file
614
615 #. :config:`bootstrapping.defaults.uplift` (*number*)
616
617 :Value: 0 (meter / second)
618 :Description: uplift value to use if dbdt variable is absent in bootstrapping file
619
620 #. :config:`bootstrapping.temperature_heuristic` (*keyword*)
621
622 :Value: ``smb``
623 :Choices: ``smb, quartic_guess``
624 :Option: :opt:`-boot_temperature_heuristic`
625 :Description: The heuristic to use to initialize ice temperature during bootstrapping: 'smb' uses the surface mass balance, surface temperature, and the geothermal flux, 'quartic_guess' uses the surface temperature and the geothermal flux.
626
627 #. :config:`calving.eigen_calving.K` (*number*)
628
629 :Value: 0 (meter second)
630 :Option: :opt:`-eigen_calving_K`
631 :Description: Set proportionality constant to determine calving rate from strain rates. Note references :cite:`Levermannetal2012`, :cite:`Martinetal2011` use K in range `10^{9}` to `3 \times 10^{11}` m a, that is, `3 \times 10^{16}` to `10^{19}` m s.
632
633 #. :config:`calving.float_kill.calve_near_grounding_line` (*flag*)
634
635 :Value: yes
636 :Option: :opt:`-float_kill_calve_near_grounding_line`
637 :Description: Calve floating ice near the grounding line.
638
639 #. :config:`calving.float_kill.margin_only` (*flag*)
640
641 :Value: no
642 :Option: :opt:`-float_kill_margin_only`
643 :Description: Apply float_kill at ice margin cells only.
644
645 #. :config:`calving.hayhurst_calving.B_tilde` (*number*)
646
647 :Value: 65 ((MPa)^r / year)
648 :Description: Effective damage rate :cite:`Mercenier2018`
649
650 #. :config:`calving.hayhurst_calving.exponent_r` (*number*)
651
652 :Value: 0.430000 (1)
653 :Description: Damage law exponent :cite:`Mercenier2018`
654
655 #. :config:`calving.hayhurst_calving.sigma_threshold` (*number*)
656
657 :Value: 0.170000 (MPa)
658 :Description: Damage threshold stress :cite:`Mercenier2018`
659
660 #. :config:`calving.methods` (*string*)
661
662 :Value: *no default*
663 :Option: :opt:`-calving`
664 :Description: comma-separated list of calving methods; one or more of 'eigen_calving', 'float_kill', 'thickness_calving'
665
666 #. :config:`calving.thickness_calving.threshold` (*number*)
667
668 :Value: 50 (meters)
669 :Option: :opt:`-thickness_calving_threshold`
670 :Description: When terminal ice thickness of floating ice shelf is less than this threshold, it will be calved off.
671
672 #. :config:`calving.thickness_calving.threshold_file` (*string*)
673
674 :Value: *no default*
675 :Option: :opt:`-thickness_calving_threshold_file`
676 :Description: Name of the file containing the spatially-variable thickness calving threshold.
677
678 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.Glen_exponent` (*number*)
679
680 :Value: 3 (pure number)
681 :Option: :opt:`-vonmises_calving_n`
682 :Description: Glen exponent in ice flow law for von Mises calving
683
684 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.enhancement_factor` (*number*)
685
686 :Value: 1 (1)
687 :Description: Flow enhancement factor used by the flow law in the von Mises stress computation
688
689 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.enhancement_factor_interglacial` (*number*)
690
691 :Value: 1 (1)
692 :Description: Flow enhancement factor used by the flow law in the von Mises stress computation (for ice accumulated during interglacial periods).
693
694 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.flow_law` (*keyword*)
695
696 :Value: ``gpbld``
697 :Choices: ``arr, arrwarm, gpbld, hooke, isothermal_glen, pb``
698 :Description: The custom flow law for the von Mises stress computation
699
700 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.sigma_max` (*number*)
701
702 :Value: 1000000 (Pa)
703 :Option: :opt:`-vonmises_calving_calving_sigma_max`
704 :Description: Set maximum tensile stress. Note references :cite:`Morlighem2016` use 1.0e6 Pa.
705
706 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.threshold_file` (*string*)
707
708 :Value: *no default*
709 :Option: :opt:`-vonmises_calving_threshold_file`
710 :Description: Name of the file containing the spatially-variable vonmises_calving calving threshold.
711
712 #. :config:`calving.vonmises_calving.use_custom_flow_law` (*flag*)
713
714 :Value: no
715 :Option: :opt:`-vonmises_calving_use_custom_flow_law`
716 :Description: Use custom flow law in the von Mises stress computation
717
718 #. :config:`constants.fresh_water.density` (*number*)
719
720 :Value: 1000 (kg meter-3)
721 :Description: density of fresh water
722
723 #. :config:`constants.fresh_water.latent_heat_of_fusion` (*number*)
724
725 :Value: 334000 (Joule / kg)
726 :Description: latent heat of fusion for water :cite:`AschwandenBlatter`
727
728 #. :config:`constants.fresh_water.melting_point_temperature` (*number*)
729
730 :Value: 273.150000 (Kelvin)
731 :Description: melting point of pure water
732
733 #. :config:`constants.fresh_water.specific_heat_capacity` (*number*)
734
735 :Value: 4170 (Joule / (kg Kelvin))
736 :Description: at melting point T_0 :cite:`AschwandenBlatter`
737
738 #. :config:`constants.global_ocean_area` (*number*)
739
740 :Value: 3.625000e+14 (meter2)
741 :Description: area of the global ocean :cite:`Cogley2011`
742
743 #. :config:`constants.ice.beta_Clausius_Clapeyron` (*number*)
744
745 :Value: 7.900000e-08 (Kelvin / Pascal)
746 :Description: Clausius-Clapeyron constant relating melting temperature and pressure: `\beta = dT / dP` :cite:`Luethi2002`
747
748 #. :config:`constants.ice.density` (*number*)
749
750 :Value: 910 (kg meter-3)
751 :Description: `\rho_i`; density of ice in ice sheet
752
753 #. :config:`constants.ice.grain_size` (*number*)
754
755 :Value: 1 (mm)
756 :Option: :opt:`-ice_grain_size`
757 :Description: Default constant ice grain size to use with the Goldsby-Kohlstedt :cite:`GoldsbyKohlstedt` flow law
758
759 #. :config:`constants.ice.specific_heat_capacity` (*number*)
760
761 :Value: 2009 (Joule / (kg Kelvin))
762 :Description: specific heat capacity of pure ice at melting point T_0
763
764 #. :config:`constants.ice.thermal_conductivity` (*number*)
765
766 :Value: 2.100000 (Joule / (meter Kelvin second))
767 :Description: = W m-1 K-1; thermal conductivity of pure ice
768
769 #. :config:`constants.ideal_gas_constant` (*number*)
770
771 :Value: 8.314410 (Joule / (mol Kelvin))
772 :Description: ideal gas constant
773
774 #. :config:`constants.sea_water.density` (*number*)
775
776 :Value: 1028 (kg meter-3)
777 :Description: density of sea water
778
779 #. :config:`constants.sea_water.specific_heat_capacity` (*number*)
780
781 :Value: 3985 (Joule / (kg Kelvin))
782 :Description: at 35 psu, value taken from `Kaye and Laby`_, section 2.7.9
783
784 #. :config:`constants.standard_gravity` (*number*)
785
786 :Value: 9.810000 (meter second-2)
787 :Description: acceleration due to gravity on Earth geoid
788
789 #. :config:`energy.allow_temperature_above_melting` (*flag*)
790
791 :Value: no
792 :Description: If set to 'yes', allow temperatures above the pressure-malting point in the cold mode temperature code. Used by some verifiaction tests.
793
794 #. :config:`energy.basal_melt.use_grounded_cell_fraction` (*flag*)
795
796 :Value: true
797 :Option: :opt:`-subgl_basal_melt`
798 :Description: If geometry.grounded_cell_fraction is set, use the fractional floatation mask to interpolate the basal melt rate at the grounding line between grounded and floating values.
799
800 #. :config:`energy.bedrock_thermal.conductivity` (*number*)
801
802 :Value: 3 (Joule / (meter Kelvin second))
803 :Description: = W m-1 K-1; for bedrock used in thermal model :cite:`RitzEISMINT`
804
805 #. :config:`energy.bedrock_thermal.density` (*number*)
806
807 :Value: 3300 (kg meter-3)
808 :Description: for bedrock used in thermal model
809
810 #. :config:`energy.bedrock_thermal.file` (*string*)
811
812 :Value: *no default*
813 :Description: Name of the file containing the geothermal flux field :var:`bheatflx`. Leave empty to read it from the :config:`input.file`.
814
815 #. :config:`energy.bedrock_thermal.specific_heat_capacity` (*number*)
816
817 :Value: 1000 (Joule / (kg Kelvin))
818 :Description: for bedrock used in thermal model :cite:`RitzEISMINT`
819
820 #. :config:`energy.ch_warming.average_channel_spacing` (*number*)
821
822 :Value: 20 (meters)
823 :Description: Average spacing between elements of the cryo-hydrologic system (controls the rate of heat transfer from the CH system into the ice).
824
825 #. :config:`energy.ch_warming.enabled` (*flag*)
826
827 :Value: no
828 :Description: Enable the cryo-hydrologic warming model
829
830 #. :config:`energy.ch_warming.residual_water_fraction` (*number*)
831
832 :Value: 0.005000 (pure number)
833 :Description: residual water fraction in the cryo-hydrologic system at the end of a melt season
834
835 #. :config:`energy.ch_warming.temperate_ice_thermal_conductivity_ratio` (*number*)
836
837 :Value: 1 (pure number)
838 :Description: ratio of thermal conductivities of temperate and cold ice in the cryo-hydrologic system
839
840 #. :config:`energy.drainage_maximum_rate` (*number*)
841
842 :Value: 1.584438e-09 (second-1)
843 :Description: 0.05 year-1; maximum rate at which liquid water fraction in temperate ice could possibly drain; see :cite:`AschwandenBuelerKhroulevBlatter`
844
845 #. :config:`energy.drainage_target_water_fraction` (*number*)
846
847 :Value: 0.010000 (1)
848 :Description: liquid water fraction (omega) above which drainage occurs, but below which there is no drainage; see :cite:`AschwandenBuelerKhroulevBlatter`
849
850 #. :config:`energy.enabled` (*flag*)
851
852 :Value: yes
853 :Description: Solve energy conservation equations.
854
855 #. :config:`energy.enthalpy.cold_bulge_max` (*number*)
856
857 :Value: 60270 (Joule / kg)
858 :Description: = (2009 J kg-1 K-1) * (30 K); maximum amount by which advection can reduce the enthalpy of a column of ice below its surface enthalpy value
859
860 #. :config:`energy.enthalpy.temperate_ice_thermal_conductivity_ratio` (*number*)
861
862 :Value: 0.100000 (pure number)
863 :Description: K in cold ice is multiplied by this fraction to give K0 in :cite:`AschwandenBuelerKhroulevBlatter`
864
865 #. :config:`energy.margin_exclude_horizontal_advection` (*flag*)
866
867 :Value: yes
868 :Description: Exclude horizontal advection of energy at grid points near ice margins. See :config:`energy.margin_ice_thickness_limit`.
869
870 #. :config:`energy.margin_exclude_strain_heating` (*flag*)
871
872 :Value: yes
873 :Description: Exclude strain heating at grid points near ice margins. See :config:`energy.margin_ice_thickness_limit`.
874
875 #. :config:`energy.margin_exclude_vertical_advection` (*flag*)
876
877 :Value: yes
878 :Description: Exclude vertical advection of energy at grid points near ice margins. See :config:`energy.margin_ice_thickness_limit`.
879
880 #. :config:`energy.margin_ice_thickness_limit` (*number*)
881
882 :Value: 100 (meters)
883 :Description: use special margin treatment at grid points with a neighbor with the thickness below this limit.
884
885 #. :config:`energy.max_low_temperature_count` (*integer*)
886
887 :Value: 10
888 :Option: :opt:`-max_low_temps`
889 :Description: Maximum number of grid points with ice temperature below energy.minimum_allowed_temperature.
890
891 #. :config:`energy.minimum_allowed_temperature` (*number*)
892
893 :Value: 200 (Kelvin)
894 :Option: :opt:`-low_temp`
895 :Description: Minimum allowed ice temperature
896
897 #. :config:`energy.temperature_based` (*flag*)
898
899 :Value: no
900 :Description: Use cold ice (i.e. not polythermal) methods.
901
902 #. :config:`energy.temperature_dependent_thermal_conductivity` (*flag*)
903
904 :Value: no
905 :Option: :opt:`-vark`
906 :Description: If yes, use varkenthSystemCtx class in the energy step. It is base on formula (4.37) in :cite:`GreveBlatter2009`. Otherwise use enthSystemCtx, which has temperature-independent thermal conductivity set by constant ice.thermal_conductivity.
907
908 #. :config:`enthalpy_converter.T_reference` (*number*)
909
910 :Value: 223.150000 (Kelvin)
911 :Description: = T_0 in enthalpy formulas in :cite:`AschwandenBuelerKhroulevBlatter`
912
913 #. :config:`enthalpy_converter.relaxed_is_temperate_tolerance` (*number*)
914
915 :Value: 0.001000 (Kelvin)
916 :Description: Tolerance within which ice is treated as temperate (cold-ice mode and diagnostics).
917
918 #. :config:`flow_law.Hooke.A` (*number*)
919
920 :Value: 4.421650e-09 (Pascal-3 second-1)
921 :Description: `A_{\text{Hooke}} = (1/B_0)^n` where n=3 and B_0 = 1.928 `a^{1/3}` Pa. See :cite:`Hooke`
922
923 #. :config:`flow_law.Hooke.C` (*number*)
924
925 :Value: 0.166120 (Kelvin^{flow_law.Hooke.k})
926 :Description: See :cite:`Hooke`
927
928 #. :config:`flow_law.Hooke.Q` (*number*)
929
930 :Value: 78800 (Joule / mol)
931 :Description: Activation energy, see :cite:`Hooke`
932
933 #. :config:`flow_law.Hooke.Tr` (*number*)
934
935 :Value: 273.390000 (Kelvin)
936 :Description: See :cite:`Hooke`
937
938 #. :config:`flow_law.Hooke.k` (*number*)
939
940 :Value: 1.170000 (pure number)
941 :Description: See :cite:`Hooke`
942
943 #. :config:`flow_law.Paterson_Budd.A_cold` (*number*)
944
945 :Value: 3.610000e-13 (Pascal-3 / second)
946 :Description: Paterson-Budd A_cold, see :cite:`PatersonBudd`
947
948 #. :config:`flow_law.Paterson_Budd.A_warm` (*number*)
949
950 :Value: 1730 (Pascal-3 / second)
951 :Description: Paterson-Budd A_warm, see :cite:`PatersonBudd`
952
953 #. :config:`flow_law.Paterson_Budd.Q_cold` (*number*)
954
955 :Value: 60000 (Joule / mol)
956 :Description: Paterson-Budd Q_cold, see :cite:`PatersonBudd`
957
958 #. :config:`flow_law.Paterson_Budd.Q_warm` (*number*)
959
960 :Value: 139000 (Joule / mol)
961 :Description: Paterson-Budd Q_warm, see :cite:`PatersonBudd`
962
963 #. :config:`flow_law.Paterson_Budd.T_critical` (*number*)
964
965 :Value: 263.150000 (Kelvin)
966 :Description: Paterson-Budd critical temperature, see :cite:`PatersonBudd`
967
968 #. :config:`flow_law.Schoof_regularizing_length` (*number*)
969
970 :Value: 1000 (km)
971 :Description: Regularizing length (Schoof definition)
972
973 #. :config:`flow_law.Schoof_regularizing_velocity` (*number*)
974
975 :Value: 1 (meter / year)
976 :Description: Regularizing velocity (Schoof definition)
977
978 #. :config:`flow_law.gpbld.water_frac_coeff` (*number*)
979
980 :Value: 181.250000 (pure number)
981 :Description: coefficient in Glen-Paterson-Budd flow law for extra dependence of softness on liquid water fraction (omega) :cite:`GreveBlatter2009`, :cite:`LliboutryDuval1985`
982
983 #. :config:`flow_law.gpbld.water_frac_observed_limit` (*number*)
984
985 :Value: 0.010000 (1)
986 :Description: maximum value of liquid water fraction omega for which softness values are parameterized by :cite:`LliboutryDuval1985`; used in Glen-Paterson-Budd-Lliboutry-Duval flow law; compare :cite:`AschwandenBuelerKhroulevBlatter`
987
988 #. :config:`flow_law.isothermal_Glen.ice_softness` (*number*)
989
990 :Value: 3.168900e-24 (Pascal-3 second-1)
991 :Description: ice softness used by IsothermalGlenIce :cite:`EISMINT96`
992
993 #. :config:`fracture_density.constant_fd` (*flag*)
994
995 :Value: no
996 :Option: :opt:`-constant_fd`
997 :Description: FIXME
998
999 #. :config:`fracture_density.constant_healing` (*flag*)
1000
1001 :Value: no
1002 :Option: :opt:`-constant_healing`
1003 :Description: Constant healing
1004
1005 #. :config:`fracture_density.enabled` (*flag*)
1006
1007 :Value: no
1008 :Option: :opt:`-fractures`
1009 :Description: Calculation of fracture density according to stresses and strain rate field.
1010
1011 #. :config:`fracture_density.fd2d_scheme` (*flag*)
1012
1013 :Value: no
1014 :Option: :opt:`-scheme_fd2d`
1015 :Description: FIXME
1016
1017 #. :config:`fracture_density.fracture_weighted_healing` (*flag*)
1018
1019 :Value: no
1020 :Option: :opt:`-fracture_weighted_healing`
1021 :Description: Fracture weighted healing
1022
1023 #. :config:`fracture_density.include_grounded_ice` (*flag*)
1024
1025 :Value: no
1026 :Option: :opt:`-do_frac_on_grounded`
1027 :Description: model fracture density in grounded areas
1028
1029 #. :config:`fracture_density.lefm` (*flag*)
1030
1031 :Value: no
1032 :Option: :opt:`-lefm`
1033 :Description: FIXME
1034
1035 #. :config:`fracture_density.max_shear_stress` (*flag*)
1036
1037 :Value: no
1038 :Option: :opt:`-max_shear`
1039 :Description: Use the max. shear stress criterion.
1040
1041 #. :config:`fracture_density.phi0` (*number*)
1042
1043 :Value: 0 (1)
1044 :Option: :opt:`-phi0`
1045 :Description: FIXME
1046
1047 #. :config:`fracture_density.softening_lower_limit` (*number*)
1048
1049 :Value: 1 (1)
1050 :Option: :opt:`-fracture_softening`
1051 :Description: epsilon in equation (6) in Albrecht and Levermann, 'Fracture-induced softening for large-scale ice dynamics'
1052
1053 #. :config:`frontal_melt.constant.melt_rate` (*number*)
1054
1055 :Value: 1 (m / day)
1056 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_rate`
1057 :Description: default melt rate used by the 'constant' frontal_melt model
1058
1059 #. :config:`frontal_melt.discharge_given.file` (*string*)
1060
1061 :Value: *no default*
1062 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_discharge_given_file`
1063 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1064
1065 #. :config:`frontal_melt.discharge_given.period` (*integer*)
1066
1067 :Value: 0
1068 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_discharge_given_period`
1069 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1070
1071 #. :config:`frontal_melt.discharge_given.reference_year` (*integer*)
1072
1073 :Value: 0
1074 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_discharge_given_reference_year`
1075 :Description: Reference year to use when ``frontal_melt.discharge_given.period`` is active.
1076
1077 #. :config:`frontal_melt.given.file` (*string*)
1078
1079 :Value: *no default*
1080 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_given_file`
1081 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1082
1083 #. :config:`frontal_melt.given.period` (*integer*)
1084
1085 :Value: 0
1086 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_given_period`
1087 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1088
1089 #. :config:`frontal_melt.given.reference_year` (*integer*)
1090
1091 :Value: 0
1092 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_given_reference_year`
1093 :Description: Reference year to use when ``frontal_melt.given.period`` is active.
1094
1095 #. :config:`frontal_melt.include_floating_ice` (*flag*)
1096
1097 :Value: no
1098 :Description: Apply frontal melt to all grid icy cells next to ocean cells
1099
1100 #. :config:`frontal_melt.models` (*string*)
1101
1102 :Value: *no default*
1103 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt`
1104 :Description: Comma-separated list of frontal melt models and modifiers. (Leave empty to disable.)
1105
1106 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.file` (*string*)
1107
1108 :Value: *no default*
1109 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_routing_file`
1110 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1111
1112 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.parameter_a` (*number*)
1113
1114 :Value: 0.000300 (m-alpha day^(alpha-1) Celsius-beta)
1115 :Description: parameter A in eqn. 1 in :cite:`Xu2013`
1116
1117 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.parameter_b` (*number*)
1118
1119 :Value: 0.150000 (m day^(alpha-1) Celsius-beta)
1120 :Description: parameter B in eqn. 1 in :cite:`Xu2013`
1121
1122 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.period` (*integer*)
1123
1124 :Value: 0
1125 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_routing_period`
1126 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1127
1128 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.power_alpha` (*number*)
1129
1130 :Value: 0.390000 (1)
1131 :Description: exponent `\alpha` in eqn. 1 in :cite:`Xu2013`
1132
1133 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.power_beta` (*number*)
1134
1135 :Value: 1.180000 (1)
1136 :Description: exponent `\beta` in eqn. 1 in :cite:`Xu2013`
1137
1138 #. :config:`frontal_melt.routing.reference_year` (*integer*)
1139
1140 :Value: 0
1141 :Option: :opt:`-frontal_melt_routing_reference_year`
1142 :Description: Reference year to use when ``frontal_melt.routing.period`` is active.
1143
1144 #. :config:`geometry.front_retreat.prescribed.file` (*string*)
1145
1146 :Value: *no default*
1147 :Option: :opt:`-front_retreat_file`
1148 :Description: Name of the file containing the maximum ice extent mask `land_ice_area_fraction_retreat`
1149
1150 #. :config:`geometry.front_retreat.prescribed.period` (*integer*)
1151
1152 :Value: 0
1153 :Description: Length of the period of the front retreat data. Set to zero to disable.
1154
1155 #. :config:`geometry.front_retreat.prescribed.reference_year` (*integer*)
1156
1157 :Value: 0
1158 :Description: Reference year to use when `geometry.front_retreat.prescribed.period` is active.
1159
1160 #. :config:`geometry.front_retreat.use_cfl` (*flag*)
1161
1162 :Value: false
1163 :Option: :opt:`-front_retreat_cfl`
1164 :Description: apply CFL criterion for eigen-calving rate front retreat
1165
1166 #. :config:`geometry.front_retreat.wrap_around` (*flag*)
1167
1168 :Value: false
1169 :Option: :opt:`-front_retreat_wrap_around`
1170 :Description: If true, wrap around domain boundaries. This may be needed in some regional synthetic geometry setups.
1171
1172 #. :config:`geometry.grounded_cell_fraction` (*flag*)
1173
1174 :Value: false
1175 :Option: :opt:`-subgl`
1176 :Description: Linear interpolation scheme ('LI' in Gladstone et al. 2010) expanded to two dimensions is used if switched on in order to evaluate the position of the grounding line on a subgrid scale.
1177
1178 #. :config:`geometry.ice_free_thickness_standard` (*number*)
1179
1180 :Value: 0.010000 (meters)
1181 :Description: If ice is thinner than this standard then the mask is set to MASK_ICE_FREE_BEDROCK or MASK_ICE_FREE_OCEAN.
1182
1183 #. :config:`geometry.part_grid.enabled` (*flag*)
1184
1185 :Value: no
1186 :Option: :opt:`-part_grid`
1187 :Description: apply partially filled grid cell scheme
1188
1189 #. :config:`geometry.part_grid.max_iterations` (*integer*)
1190
1191 :Value: 10
1192 :Description: maximum number of residual redistribution iterations
1193
1194 #. :config:`geometry.remove_icebergs` (*flag*)
1195
1196 :Value: no
1197 :Option: :opt:`-kill_icebergs`
1198 :Description: identify and kill detached ice-shelf areas
1199
1200 #. :config:`geometry.update.enabled` (*flag*)
1201
1202 :Value: yes
1203 :Option: :opt:`-mass`
1204 :Description: Solve the mass conservation equation
1205
1206 #. :config:`geometry.update.use_basal_melt_rate` (*flag*)
1207
1208 :Value: yes
1209 :Option: :opt:`-bmr_in_cont`
1210 :Description: Include basal melt rate in the continuity equation
1211
1212 #. :config:`grid.Lbz` (*number*)
1213
1214 :Value: 1000 (meters)
1215 :Option: :opt:`-Lbz`
1216 :Description: Thickness of the thermal bedrock layer. (Inactive if ``grid.Mbz`` < 2)
1217
1218 #. :config:`grid.Lx` (*number*)
1219
1220 :Value: 1500000 (meters)
1221 :Description: Default computational box is 3000 km x 3000 km (= 2 Lx x 2 Ly) in horizontal.
1222
1223 #. :config:`grid.Ly` (*number*)
1224
1225 :Value: 1500000 (meters)
1226 :Description: Default computational box is 3000 km x 3000 km (= 2 Lx x 2 Ly) in horizontal.
1227
1228 #. :config:`grid.Lz` (*number*)
1229
1230 :Value: 4000 (meters)
1231 :Option: :opt:`-Lz`
1232 :Description: Height of the computational domain.
1233
1234 #. :config:`grid.Mbz` (*integer*)
1235
1236 :Value: 1
1237 :Option: :opt:`-Mbz`
1238 :Description: Number of thermal bedrock layers; 1 level corresponds to no bedrock.
1239
1240 #. :config:`grid.Mx` (*integer*)
1241
1242 :Value: 61
1243 :Option: :opt:`-Mx`
1244 :Description: Number of grid points in the x direction.
1245
1246 #. :config:`grid.My` (*integer*)
1247
1248 :Value: 61
1249 :Option: :opt:`-My`
1250 :Description: Number of grid points in the y direction.
1251
1252 #. :config:`grid.Mz` (*integer*)
1253
1254 :Value: 31
1255 :Option: :opt:`-Mz`
1256 :Description: Number of vertical grid levels in the ice.
1257
1258 #. :config:`grid.allow_extrapolation` (*flag*)
1259
1260 :Value: no
1261 :Option: :opt:`-allow_extrapolation`
1262 :Description: Allow extrapolation during regridding.
1263
1264 #. :config:`grid.ice_vertical_spacing` (*keyword*)
1265
1266 :Value: ``quadratic``
1267 :Choices: ``quadratic, equal``
1268 :Option: :opt:`-z_spacing`
1269 :Description: vertical spacing in the ice
1270
1271 #. :config:`grid.lambda` (*number*)
1272
1273 :Value: 4 (pure number)
1274 :Description: Vertical grid spacing parameter. Roughly equal to the factor by which the grid is coarser at an end away from the ice-bedrock interface.
1275
1276 #. :config:`grid.max_stencil_width` (*integer*)
1277
1278 :Value: 2
1279 :Description: Maximum width of the finite-difference stencil used in PISM.
1280
1281 #. :config:`grid.periodicity` (*keyword*)
1282
1283 :Value: ``xy``
1284 :Choices: ``none, x, y, xy``
1285 :Option: :opt:`-periodicity`
1286 :Description: horizontal grid periodicity
1287
1288 #. :config:`grid.recompute_longitude_and_latitude` (*flag*)
1289
1290 :Value: yes
1291 :Description: Re-compute longitude and latitude using grid information and provided projection parameters. Requires PROJ.
1292
1293 #. :config:`grid.registration` (*keyword*)
1294
1295 :Value: ``center``
1296 :Choices: ``center, corner``
1297 :Description: horizontal grid registration
1298
1299 #. :config:`hydrology.add_water_input_to_till_storage` (*flag*)
1300
1301 :Value: yes
1302 :Description: Add surface input to water stored in till. If no it will be added to the transportable water.
1303
1304 #. :config:`hydrology.cavitation_opening_coefficient` (*number*)
1305
1306 :Value: 0.500000 (meter-1)
1307 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_cavitation_opening_coefficient`
1308 :Description: c_1 in notes; coefficient of cavitation opening term in evolution of layer thickness in hydrology::Distributed
1309
1310 #. :config:`hydrology.creep_closure_coefficient` (*number*)
1311
1312 :Value: 0.040000 (pure number)
1313 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_creep_closure_coefficient`
1314 :Description: c_2 in notes; coefficient of creep closure term in evolution of layer thickness in hydrology::Distributed
1315
1316 #. :config:`hydrology.distributed.init_p_from_steady` (*flag*)
1317
1318 :Value: no
1319 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_init_p_form_steady`
1320 :Description: if 'yes', initialize subglacial water pressure from P(W) formula that applies in steady state
1321
1322 #. :config:`hydrology.distributed.sliding_speed_file` (*string*)
1323
1324 :Value: *no default*
1325 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_sliding_speed_file`
1326 :Description: name of the file containing velbase_mag, the basal sliding speed to use with :literal:`hydrology.distributed.init_p_from_steady`
1327
1328 #. :config:`hydrology.gradient_power_in_flux` (*number*)
1329
1330 :Value: 1.500000 (pure number)
1331 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_gradient_power_in_flux`
1332 :Description: power `\beta` in Darcy's law `q = - k W^{\alpha} |\nabla \psi|^{\beta-2} \nabla \psi`, for subglacial water layer; used by hydrology::Routing and hydrology::Distributed
1333
1334 #. :config:`hydrology.hydraulic_conductivity` (*number*)
1335
1336 :Value: 0.001000 (`m^{2 \beta - \alpha} s^{2 \beta - 3} kg^{1-\beta}`)
1337 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_hydraulic_conductivity`
1338 :Description: = k in notes; lateral conductivity, in Darcy's law, for subglacial water layer; units depend on powers alpha = hydrology.thickness_power_in_flux and beta = hydrology_potential_gradient_power_in_flux; used by hydrology::Routing and hydrology::Distributed
1339
1340 #. :config:`hydrology.maximum_time_step` (*number*)
1341
1342 :Value: 1 (years)
1343 :Description: maximum allowed time step length used by hydrology::Routing and hydrology::Distributed
1344
1345 #. :config:`hydrology.model` (*keyword*)
1346
1347 :Value: ``null``
1348 :Choices: ``null, routing, steady, distributed``
1349 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology`
1350 :Description: Basal hydrology sub-model.
1351
1352 #. :config:`hydrology.null_diffuse_till_water` (*flag*)
1353
1354 :Value: no
1355 :Description: Diffuse stored till water laterally. See equation (11) of :cite:`BBssasliding`
1356
1357 #. :config:`hydrology.null_diffusion_distance` (*number*)
1358
1359 :Value: 20000 (meters)
1360 :Description: diffusion distance for till water thickness; see equation (11) in :cite:`BBssasliding`; only active if hydrology.null_diffuse_till_water is set
1361
1362 #. :config:`hydrology.null_diffusion_time` (*number*)
1363
1364 :Value: 1000 (years)
1365 :Description: diffusion time for till water thickness; see equation (11) in :cite:`BBssasliding`; only active if hydrology.null_diffuse_till_water is set
1366
1367 #. :config:`hydrology.null_strip_width` (*number*)
1368
1369 :Value: -1 (meters)
1370 :Description: if negative then mechanism is inactive; width of strip around computational domain in which water velocity and water amount are set to zero; used by hydrology::Routing and hydrology::Distributed
1371
1372 #. :config:`hydrology.regularizing_porosity` (*number*)
1373
1374 :Value: 0.010000 (pure number)
1375 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_regularizing_porosity`
1376 :Description: phi_0 in notes; regularizes pressure equation by multiplying time derivative term
1377
1378 #. :config:`hydrology.roughness_scale` (*number*)
1379
1380 :Value: 0.100000 (meters)
1381 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_roughness_scale`
1382 :Description: W_r in notes; roughness scale determining maximum amount of cavitation opening in hydrology::Distributed
1383
1384 #. :config:`hydrology.routing.include_floating_ice` (*flag*)
1385
1386 :Value: no
1387 :Description: Route subglacial water under ice shelves. This may be appropriate if a shelf is close to floatation. Note that this has no effect on ice flow.
1388
1389 #. :config:`hydrology.steady.flux_update_interval` (*number*)
1390
1391 :Value: 1 (years)
1392 :Description: interval between updates of the steady state flux
1393
1394 #. :config:`hydrology.steady.input_rate_scaling` (*number*)
1395
1396 :Value: 1.000000e+07 (seconds)
1397 :Description: input rate scaling
1398
1399 #. :config:`hydrology.steady.n_iterations` (*integer*)
1400
1401 :Value: 7500
1402 :Description: maxinum number of iterations to use in while estimating steady-state water flux
1403
1404 #. :config:`hydrology.steady.potential_delta` (*number*)
1405
1406 :Value: 10000 (Pa)
1407 :Description: potential adjustment used to fill sinks (smaller values require more iterations but produce fewer artifacts)
1408
1409 #. :config:`hydrology.steady.potential_n_iterations` (*integer*)
1410
1411 :Value: 1000
1412 :Description: maxinum number of iterations to take while pre-processing hydraulic potential
1413
1414 #. :config:`hydrology.steady.volume_ratio` (*number*)
1415
1416 :Value: 0.100000 (1)
1417 :Description: water volume ratio used as the stopping criterion
1418
1419 #. :config:`hydrology.surface_input.file` (*string*)
1420
1421 :Value: *no default*
1422 :Description: Name of the file containing ``water_input_rate``, the rate at which water from the ice surface is added to the subglacial hydrology system
1423
1424 #. :config:`hydrology.surface_input.period` (*integer*)
1425
1426 :Value: 0
1427 :Description: Length of the period of the water input rate. Set to zero to disable.
1428
1429 #. :config:`hydrology.surface_input.reference_year` (*integer*)
1430
1431 :Value: 0
1432 :Description: Reference year to use when ``hydrology.surface_input.period`` is active.
1433
1434 #. :config:`hydrology.surface_input_from_runoff` (*flag*)
1435
1436 :Value: no
1437 :Description: Use surface runoff as surface input.
1438
1439 #. :config:`hydrology.thickness_power_in_flux` (*number*)
1440
1441 :Value: 1.250000 (1)
1442 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_thickness_power_in_flux`
1443 :Description: power `\alpha` in Darcy's law `q = - k W^{\alpha} |\nabla \psi|^{\beta-2} \nabla \psi`, for subglacial water layer; used by hydrology::Routing and hydrology::Distributed
1444
1445 #. :config:`hydrology.tillwat_decay_rate` (*number*)
1446
1447 :Value: 1 (mm / year)
1448 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_tillwat_decay_rate`
1449 :Description: rate at which tillwat is reduced to zero, in absence of other effects like input
1450
1451 #. :config:`hydrology.tillwat_max` (*number*)
1452
1453 :Value: 2 (meters)
1454 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_tillwat_max`
1455 :Description: maximum effective thickness of the water stored in till
1456
1457 #. :config:`hydrology.use_const_bmelt` (*flag*)
1458
1459 :Value: no
1460 :Option: :opt:`-hydrology_use_const_bmelt`
1461 :Description: if 'yes', subglacial hydrology model sees basal melt rate which is constant and given by hydrology.const_bmelt
1462
1463 #. :config:`input.bootstrap` (*flag*)
1464
1465 :Value: no
1466 :Option: :opt:`-bootstrap`
1467 :Description: It true, use bootstrapping heuristics when initializing PISM.
1468
1469 #. :config:`input.file` (*string*)
1470
1471 :Value: *no default*
1472 :Option: :opt:`-i`
1473 :Description: Input file name
1474
1475 #. :config:`input.forcing.buffer_size` (*integer*)
1476
1477 :Value: 60
1478 :Description: number of 2D climate forcing records to keep in memory; = 5 years of monthly records
1479
1480 #. :config:`input.forcing.evaluations_per_year` (*integer*)
1481
1482 :Value: 52
1483 :Description: length of the time-series used to compute temporal averages of forcing data (such as mean annual temperature)
1484
1485 #. :config:`input.regrid.file` (*string*)
1486
1487 :Value: *no default*
1488 :Option: :opt:`-regrid_file`
1489 :Description: Regridding (input) file name
1490
1491 #. :config:`input.regrid.vars` (*string*)
1492
1493 :Value: *no default*
1494 :Option: :opt:`-regrid_vars`
1495 :Description: Comma-separated list of variables to regrid. Leave empty to regrid all model state variables.
1496
1497 #. :config:`inverse.design.cH1` (*number*)
1498
1499 :Value: 0 (1)
1500 :Option: :opt:`-inv_design_cH1`
1501 :Description: weight of derivative part of an H1 norm for inversion design variables
1502
1503 #. :config:`inverse.design.cL2` (*number*)
1504
1505 :Value: 1 (1)
1506 :Option: :opt:`-inv_design_cL2`
1507 :Description: weight of derivative-free part of an H1 norm for inversion design variables
1508
1509 #. :config:`inverse.design.func` (*keyword*)
1510
1511 :Value: ``sobolevH1``
1512 :Choices: ``sobolevH1, tv``
1513 :Option: :opt:`-inv_design_func`
1514 :Description: functional used for inversion design variables
1515
1516 #. :config:`inverse.design.param` (*keyword*)
1517
1518 :Value: ``exp``
1519 :Choices: ``ident, trunc, square, exp``
1520 :Option: :opt:`-inv_design_param`
1521 :Description: parameterization of design variables used during inversion
1522
1523 #. :config:`inverse.design.param_hardav_eps` (*number*)
1524
1525 :Value: 10000 (Pascal second^(1/3))
1526 :Description: tiny vertically-averaged hardness used as a substitute for 0 in some tauc parameterizations
1527
1528 #. :config:`inverse.design.param_hardav_scale` (*number*)
1529
1530 :Value: 1.000000e+08 (Pascal second^(1/3))
1531 :Description: typical size of ice hardness
1532
1533 #. :config:`inverse.design.param_tauc_eps` (*number*)
1534
1535 :Value: 100 (Pascal)
1536 :Description: tiny yield stress used as a substitute for 0 in some tauc parameterizations
1537
1538 #. :config:`inverse.design.param_tauc_scale` (*number*)
1539
1540 :Value: 100000 (Pascal)
1541 :Description: typical size of yield stresses
1542
1543 #. :config:`inverse.design.param_trunc_hardav0` (*number*)
1544
1545 :Value: 1000000 (Pascal second^(1/3))
1546 :Description: transition point of change to linear behaviour for design variable parameterization type 'trunc'
1547
1548 #. :config:`inverse.design.param_trunc_tauc0` (*number*)
1549
1550 :Value: 1000 (Pascal)
1551 :Description: transition point of change to linear behaviour for design variable parameterization type 'trunc'
1552
1553 #. :config:`inverse.log_ratio_scale` (*number*)
1554
1555 :Value: 10 (pure number)
1556 :Option: :opt:`-inv_log_ratio_scale`
1557 :Description: Reference scale for log-ratio functionals
1558
1559 #. :config:`inverse.max_iterations` (*integer*)
1560
1561 :Value: 1000
1562 :Option: :opt:`-inv_max_it`
1563 :Description: maximum iteration count
1564
1565 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.hardav_max` (*number*)
1566
1567 :Value: 1.000000e+10 (Pascal second^(1/3))
1568 :Description: Maximum allowed value of hardav for inversions with bound constraints
1569
1570 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.hardav_min` (*number*)
1571
1572 :Value: 0 (Pascal second^(1/3))
1573 :Description: Minimum allowed value of hardav for inversions with bound constraints
1574
1575 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.length_scale` (*number*)
1576
1577 :Value: 50000 (meters)
1578 :Description: typical length scale for rescaling derivative norms
1579
1580 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.method` (*keyword*)
1581
1582 :Value: ``tikhonov_lmvm``
1583 :Choices: ``sd, nlcg, ign, tikhonov_lmvm, tikhonov_cg, tikhonov_blmvm, tikhonov_lcl, tikhonov_gn``
1584 :Option: :opt:`-inv_method`
1585 :Description: algorithm to use for SSA inversions
1586
1587 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.tauc_max` (*number*)
1588
1589 :Value: 5.000000e+07 (Pascal)
1590 :Description: Maximum allowed value of tauc for inversions with bound constraints
1591
1592 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.tauc_min` (*number*)
1593
1594 :Value: 0 (Pascal)
1595 :Description: Minimum allowed value of tauc for inversions with bound constraints
1596
1597 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.tv_exponent` (*number*)
1598
1599 :Value: 1.200000 (pure number)
1600 :Option: :opt:`-inv_ssa_tv_exponent`
1601 :Description: Lebesgue exponent for pseudo-TV norm
1602
1603 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.velocity_eps` (*number*)
1604
1605 :Value: 0.100000 (meter / year)
1606 :Description: tiny size of ice velocities during inversion
1607
1608 #. :config:`inverse.ssa.velocity_scale` (*number*)
1609
1610 :Value: 100 (meter / year)
1611 :Description: typical size of ice velocities expected during inversion
1612
1613 #. :config:`inverse.state_func` (*keyword*)
1614
1615 :Value: ``meansquare``
1616 :Choices: ``meansquare, log_ratio, log_relative``
1617 :Option: :opt:`-inv_state_func`
1618 :Description: functional used for inversion design variables
1619
1620 #. :config:`inverse.target_misfit` (*number*)
1621
1622 :Value: 100 (meter / year)
1623 :Option: :opt:`-inv_target_misfit`
1624 :Description: desired root misfit for SSA inversions
1625
1626 #. :config:`inverse.tikhonov.atol` (*number*)
1627
1628 :Value: 1.000000e-10 (meter / year)
1629 :Option: :opt:`-tikhonov_atol`
1630 :Description: absolute threshold for Tikhonov stopping criterion
1631
1632 #. :config:`inverse.tikhonov.penalty_weight` (*number*)
1633
1634 :Value: 1 (1)
1635 :Option: :opt:`-tikhonov_penalty`
1636 :Description: penalty parameter for Tikhonov inversion
1637
1638 #. :config:`inverse.tikhonov.ptol` (*number*)
1639
1640 :Value: 0.100000 (pure number)
1641 :Option: :opt:`-tikhonov_ptol`
1642 :Description: threshold for reaching desired misfit for adaptive Tikhonov algorithms
1643
1644 #. :config:`inverse.tikhonov.rtol` (*number*)
1645
1646 :Value: 0.050000 (1)
1647 :Option: :opt:`-tikhonov_rtol`
1648 :Description: relative threshold for Tikhonov stopping criterion
1649
1650 #. :config:`inverse.use_design_prior` (*flag*)
1651
1652 :Value: yes
1653 :Option: :opt:`-inv_use_design_prior`
1654 :Description: Use prior from inverse data file as initial guess.
1655
1656 #. :config:`inverse.use_zeta_fixed_mask` (*flag*)
1657
1658 :Value: yes
1659 :Option: :opt:`-inv_use_zeta_fixed_mask`
1660 :Description: Enforce locations where the parameterized design variable should be fixed. (Automatically determined if not provided)
1661
1662 #. :config:`ocean.always_grounded` (*flag*)
1663
1664 :Value: no
1665 :Option: :opt:`-dry`
1666 :Description: Dry (ocean-less) simulation; ice is considered grounded regardless of ice thickness, bed elevation, and sea level.
1667
1668 #. :config:`ocean.anomaly.file` (*string*)
1669
1670 :Value: *no default*
1671 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_anomaly_file`
1672 :Description: Name of the file containing shelf basal mass flux offset fields.
1673
1674 #. :config:`ocean.anomaly.period` (*integer*)
1675
1676 :Value: 0
1677 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_anomaly_period`
1678 :Description: Length of the period of the ocean forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1679
1680 #. :config:`ocean.anomaly.reference_year` (*integer*)
1681
1682 :Value: 0
1683 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_anomaly_reference_year`
1684 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.anomaly.period`` is active.
1685
1686 #. :config:`ocean.cache.update_interval` (*integer*)
1687
1688 :Value: 10
1689 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_cache_update_interval`
1690 :Description: update interval of the 'cache' ocean modifier
1691
1692 #. :config:`ocean.constant.melange_back_pressure_fraction` (*number*)
1693
1694 :Value: 0 (1)
1695 :Description: default melange back pressure fraction in the 'contant' ocean model
1696
1697 #. :config:`ocean.constant.melt_rate` (*number*)
1698
1699 :Value: 0.051914 (m / year)
1700 :Option: :opt:`-shelf_base_melt_rate`
1701 :Description: default melt rate used by the 'constant' ocean model (computed as `Q / (L \rho_i)`)
1702
1703 #. :config:`ocean.delta_T.file` (*string*)
1704
1705 :Value: *no default*
1706 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_T_file`
1707 :Description: Name of the file containing temperature offsets.
1708
1709 #. :config:`ocean.delta_T.period` (*integer*)
1710
1711 :Value: 0
1712 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_T_period`
1713 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1714
1715 #. :config:`ocean.delta_T.reference_year` (*integer*)
1716
1717 :Value: 0
1718 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_T_reference_year`
1719 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.delta_T.period`` is active.
1720
1721 #. :config:`ocean.delta_mass_flux.file` (*string*)
1722
1723 :Value: *no default*
1724 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_mass_flux_file`
1725 :Description: Name of the file containing sub-shelf mass flux offsets.
1726
1727 #. :config:`ocean.delta_mass_flux.period` (*integer*)
1728
1729 :Value: 0
1730 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_mass_flux_period`
1731 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1732
1733 #. :config:`ocean.delta_mass_flux.reference_year` (*integer*)
1734
1735 :Value: 0
1736 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_mass_flux_reference_year`
1737 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.delta_mass_flux.period`` is active.
1738
1739 #. :config:`ocean.delta_sl.file` (*string*)
1740
1741 :Value: *no default*
1742 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_sl_file`
1743 :Description: Name of the file containing sea level offsets.
1744
1745 #. :config:`ocean.delta_sl.period` (*integer*)
1746
1747 :Value: 0
1748 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_sl_period`
1749 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1750
1751 #. :config:`ocean.delta_sl.reference_year` (*integer*)
1752
1753 :Value: 0
1754 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_delta_sl_reference_year`
1755 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.delta_sl.period`` is active.
1756
1757 #. :config:`ocean.delta_sl_2d.file` (*string*)
1758
1759 :Value: *no default*
1760 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1761
1762 #. :config:`ocean.delta_sl_2d.period` (*integer*)
1763
1764 :Value: 0
1765 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1766
1767 #. :config:`ocean.delta_sl_2d.reference_year` (*integer*)
1768
1769 :Value: 0
1770 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.delta_sl_2d.period`` is active.
1771
1772 #. :config:`ocean.frac_MBP.file` (*string*)
1773
1774 :Value: *no default*
1775 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_frac_MBP_file`
1776 :Description: Name of the file containing melange back-pressure scaling.
1777
1778 #. :config:`ocean.frac_MBP.period` (*integer*)
1779
1780 :Value: 0
1781 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_frac_MBP_period`
1782 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1783
1784 #. :config:`ocean.frac_MBP.reference_year` (*integer*)
1785
1786 :Value: 0
1787 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_frac_MBP_reference_year`
1788 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.frac_MBP.period`` is active.
1789
1790 #. :config:`ocean.frac_mass_flux.file` (*string*)
1791
1792 :Value: *no default*
1793 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_frac_mass_flux_file`
1794 :Description: Name of the file containing sub-shelf mass flux scaling.
1795
1796 #. :config:`ocean.frac_mass_flux.period` (*integer*)
1797
1798 :Value: 0
1799 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_frac_mass_flux_period`
1800 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1801
1802 #. :config:`ocean.frac_mass_flux.reference_year` (*integer*)
1803
1804 :Value: 0
1805 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_frac_mass_flux_reference_year`
1806 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.frac_mass_flux.period`` is active.
1807
1808 #. :config:`ocean.given.file` (*string*)
1809
1810 :Value: *no default*
1811 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_given_file`
1812 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1813
1814 #. :config:`ocean.given.period` (*integer*)
1815
1816 :Value: 0
1817 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_given_period`
1818 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1819
1820 #. :config:`ocean.given.reference_year` (*integer*)
1821
1822 :Value: 0
1823 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_given_reference_year`
1824 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.given.period`` is active.
1825
1826 #. :config:`ocean.melange_back_pressure_fraction` (*number*)
1827
1828 :Value: 0 (1)
1829 :Description: default melange back pressure fraction
1830
1831 #. :config:`ocean.models` (*string*)
1832
1833 :Value: constant
1834 :Option: :opt:`-ocean`
1835 :Description: Comma-separated list of ocean models and modifiers.
1836
1837 #. :config:`ocean.pico.continental_shelf_depth` (*number*)
1838
1839 :Value: -800 (meters)
1840 :Option: :opt:`-continental_shelf_depth`
1841 :Description: Determines the edge of the continental shelf to calculate mean ocean properties
1842
1843 #. :config:`ocean.pico.exclude_ice_rises` (*flag*)
1844
1845 :Value: yes
1846 :Option: :opt:`-exclude_icerises`
1847 :Description: Exclude ice rises for box calculation in PICO
1848
1849 #. :config:`ocean.pico.file` (*string*)
1850
1851 :Value: *no default*
1852 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_pico_file`
1853 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1854
1855 #. :config:`ocean.pico.heat_exchange_coefficent` (*number*)
1856
1857 :Value: 0.000020 (meters second-1)
1858 :Option: :opt:`-gamma_T`
1859 :Description: Turbulent heat exchange coefficient
1860
1861 #. :config:`ocean.pico.maximum_ice_rise_area` (*number*)
1862
1863 :Value: 100000 (km2)
1864 :Description: Maximum ice rise area. Patches of grounded ice that are bugger than this are treated as continental ice sheets.
1865
1866 #. :config:`ocean.pico.number_of_boxes` (*integer*)
1867
1868 :Value: 5
1869 :Option: :opt:`-number_of_boxes`
1870 :Description: Default maximum number of boxes (for the largest ice shelves)
1871
1872 #. :config:`ocean.pico.overturning_coefficent` (*number*)
1873
1874 :Value: 1000000 (meters6 seconds-1 kg-1)
1875 :Option: :opt:`-overturning_coeff`
1876 :Description: Overturning stregth coefficient
1877
1878 #. :config:`ocean.pico.period` (*integer*)
1879
1880 :Value: 0
1881 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_pico_period`
1882 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1883
1884 #. :config:`ocean.pico.reference_year` (*integer*)
1885
1886 :Value: 0
1887 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_pico_reference_year`
1888 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.pico.period`` is active.
1889
1890 #. :config:`ocean.pik_melt_factor` (*number*)
1891
1892 :Value: 0.005000 (1)
1893 :Option: :opt:`-meltfactor_pik`
1894 :Description: dimensionless tuning parameter in the '-ocean pik' ocean heat flux parameterization; see :cite:`Martinetal2011`
1895
1896 #. :config:`ocean.sub_shelf_heat_flux_into_ice` (*number*)
1897
1898 :Value: 0.500000 (W meter-2)
1899 :Description: = J meter-2 second-1; naively chosen default value for heat from ocean; see comments in pism::ocean::Constant::shelf_base_mass_flux().
1900
1901 #. :config:`ocean.th.file` (*string*)
1902
1903 :Value: *no default*
1904 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_th_file`
1905 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
1906
1907 #. :config:`ocean.th.period` (*integer*)
1908
1909 :Value: 0
1910 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_th_period`
1911 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
1912
1913 #. :config:`ocean.th.reference_year` (*integer*)
1914
1915 :Value: 0
1916 :Option: :opt:`-ocean_th_reference_year`
1917 :Description: Reference year to use when ``ocean.th.period`` is active.
1918
1919 #. :config:`ocean.three_equation_model_clip_salinity` (*flag*)
1920
1921 :Value: yes
1922 :Option: :opt:`-clip_shelf_base_salinity`
1923 :Description: Clip shelf base salinity so that it is in the range [4, 40] k/kg. See :cite:`HollandJenkins1999`.
1924
1925 #. :config:`output.ISMIP6` (*flag*)
1926
1927 :Value: false
1928 :Description: Follow ISMIP6 conventions (units, variable names, "standard names") when writing output variables.
1929
1930 #. :config:`output.ISMIP6_extra_variables` (*string*)
1931
1932 :Value: ``lithk, orog, topg, hfgeoubed, acabf, libmassbfgr, libmassbffl, dlithkdt, velsurf, zvelsurf, velbase, zvelbase, velmean, litemptop, litempbotgr, litempbotfl, strbasemag, licalvf, lifmassbf, sftgif, sftgrf, sftflf``
1933 :Description: Comma-separated list of fields reported by models participating in ISMIP6 simulations.
1934
1935 #. :config:`output.ISMIP6_ts_variables` (*string*)
1936
1937 :Value: ``lim, limnsw, iareagr, iareafl, tendacabf, tendlibmassbf, tendlibmassbffl, tendlicalvf, tendlifmassbf``
1938 :Description: Comma-separated list of scalar variables (time series) reported by models participating in ISMIP6 simulations.
1939
1940 #. :config:`output.backup_interval` (*number*)
1941
1942 :Value: 1 (hours)
1943 :Option: :opt:`-backup_interval`
1944 :Description: wall-clock time between automatic backups
1945
1946 #. :config:`output.backup_size` (*keyword*)
1947
1948 :Value: ``small``
1949 :Choices: ``none, small, medium, big_2d, big``
1950 :Option: :opt:`-backup_size`
1951 :Description: The 'size' of a backup file. See configuration parameters output.sizes.medium, output.sizes.big_2d, output.sizes.big
1952
1953 #. :config:`output.extra.append` (*flag*)
1954
1955 :Value: no
1956 :Option: :opt:`-extra_append`
1957 :Description: Append to an existing output file.
1958
1959 #. :config:`output.extra.file` (*string*)
1960
1961 :Value: *no default*
1962 :Option: :opt:`-extra_file`
1963 :Description: Name of the output file containing spatially-variable diagnostics.
1964
1965 #. :config:`output.extra.split` (*flag*)
1966
1967 :Value: no
1968 :Option: :opt:`-extra_split`
1969 :Description: Save spatially-variable diagnostics to separate files (one per time record).
1970
1971 #. :config:`output.extra.stop_missing` (*flag*)
1972
1973 :Value: yes
1974 :Option: :opt:`-extra_stop_missing`
1975 :Description: Stop if requested variable is not available instead of warning.
1976
1977 #. :config:`output.extra.times` (*string*)
1978
1979 :Value: *no default*
1980 :Option: :opt:`-extra_times`
1981 :Description: List or a range of times defining reporting intervals for spatially-variable diagnostics.
1982
1983 #. :config:`output.extra.vars` (*string*)
1984
1985 :Value: *no default*
1986 :Option: :opt:`-extra_vars`
1987 :Description: Comma-separated list of spatially-variable diagnostics.
1988
1989 #. :config:`output.file_name` (*string*)
1990
1991 :Value: unnamed.nc
1992 :Option: :opt:`-o`
1993 :Description: The file to save final model results to.
1994
1995 #. :config:`output.fill_value` (*number*)
1996
1997 :Value: -2.000000e+09 (none)
1998 :Description: _FillValue used when saving diagnostic quantities
1999
2000 #. :config:`output.format` (*keyword*)
2001
2002 :Value: ``netcdf3``
2003 :Choices: ``netcdf3, netcdf4_parallel, pnetcdf, pio_pnetcdf, pio_netcdf4p, pio_netcdf4c, pio_netcdf``
2004 :Option: :opt:`-o_format`
2005 :Description: The I/O format used for spatial fields; 'netcdf3' is the default, 'netcd4_parallel' is available if PISM was built with parallel NetCDF-4, and 'pnetcdf' is available if PISM was built with PnetCDF.
2006
2007 #. :config:`output.ice_free_thickness_standard` (*number*)
2008
2009 :Value: 10 (meters)
2010 :Description: If ice is thinner than this standard then a grid cell is considered ice-free for purposes of reporting glacierized area, volume, etc.
2011
2012 #. :config:`output.pio.base` (*integer*)
2013
2014 :Value: 0
2015 :Description: Rank of the first I/O task
2016
2017 #. :config:`output.pio.n_writers` (*integer*)
2018
2019 :Value: 1
2020 :Description: Number of I/O tasks to use
2021
2022 #. :config:`output.pio.stride` (*integer*)
2023
2024 :Value: 1
2025 :Description: Offset between I/O tasks
2026
2027 #. :config:`output.runtime.area_scale_factor_log10` (*integer*)
2028
2029 :Value: 6
2030 :Option: :opt:`-summary_area_scale_factor_log10`
2031 :Description: an integer; log base 10 of scale factor to use for area (in km^2) in summary line to stdout
2032
2033 #. :config:`output.runtime.time_unit_name` (*string*)
2034
2035 :Value: year
2036 :Description: Time units used when printing model time, time step, and maximum horizontal velocity at summary to stdout. Must be valid udunits for time. (E.g. choose from year,month,day,hour,minute,second.)
2037
2038 #. :config:`output.runtime.time_use_calendar` (*flag*)
2039
2040 :Value: yes
2041 :Description: Whether to use the current calendar when printing model time in summary to stdout.
2042
2043 #. :config:`output.runtime.viewer.size` (*integer*)
2044
2045 :Value: 320
2046 :Option: :opt:`-view_size`
2047 :Description: default diagnostic viewer size (number of pixels of the longer side)
2048
2049 #. :config:`output.runtime.viewer.variables` (*string*)
2050
2051 :Value: *no default*
2052 :Option: :opt:`-view`
2053 :Description: comma-separated list of map-plane diagnostic quantities to view at runtime
2054
2055 #. :config:`output.runtime.volume_scale_factor_log10` (*integer*)
2056
2057 :Value: 6
2058 :Option: :opt:`-summary_vol_scale_factor_log10`
2059 :Description: an integer; log base 10 of scale factor to use for volume (in km^3) in summary line to stdout
2060
2061 #. :config:`output.size` (*keyword*)
2062
2063 :Value: ``medium``
2064 :Choices: ``none, small, medium, big_2d, big``
2065 :Option: :opt:`-o_size`
2066 :Description: The 'size' of an output file. See configuration parameters output.sizes.medium, output.sizes.big_2d, output.sizes.big
2067
2068 #. :config:`output.sizes.big` (*string*)
2069
2070 :Value: ``cts, liqfrac, temp, temp_pa, uvel, vvel, wvel, wvel_rel``
2071 :Description: Comma-separated list of variables to write to the output (in addition to model_state variables and variables listed in output.sizes.medium and output.sizes.big_2d) if 'big' output size is selected. Does not include fields written by sub-models.
2072
2073 #. :config:`output.sizes.big_2d` (*string*)
2074
2075 :Value: ``age, bfrict, bheatflx, bmelt, bwp, bwprel, dbdt, effbwp, enthalpybase, enthalpysurf, flux_divergence, hardav, hydroinput, lat, litho_temp, lon, nuH, rank, tempbase, tempicethk, tempicethk_basal, temppabase, tempsurf, thk, thksmooth, tillphi, topg, velbar, velbase, wallmelt, wvelbase``
2076 :Description: Comma-separated list of variables to write to the output (in addition to model_state variables and variables listed in output.sizes.medium) if 'big_2d' output size is selected. Does not include fields written by boundary models.
2077
2078 #. :config:`output.sizes.medium` (*string*)
2079
2080 :Value: ``bwat, bwatvel, climatic_mass_balance, diffusivity, enthalpy, flux, flux_mag, ice_surface_temp, liqfrac, mask, schoofs_theta, strain_rates, taub_mag, tauc, taud_mag, temp_pa, tillwat, topgsmooth, usurf, velbar_mag, velbase_mag, velsurf, velsurf_mag, wvelsurf``
2081 :Description: Comma-separated list of variables to write to the output (in addition to model_state variables) if 'medium' output size (the default) is selected. Does not include fields written by sub-models.
2082
2083 #. :config:`output.snapshot.file` (*string*)
2084
2085 :Value: *no default*
2086 :Option: :opt:`-save_file`
2087 :Description: Snapshot (output) file name (or prefix, if saving to individual files).
2088
2089 #. :config:`output.snapshot.size` (*keyword*)
2090
2091 :Value: ``small``
2092 :Choices: ``none, small, medium, big_2d, big``
2093 :Option: :opt:`-save_size`
2094 :Description: The 'size' of a snapshot file. See configuration parameters output.sizes.medium, output.sizes.big_2d, output.sizes.big
2095
2096 #. :config:`output.snapshot.split` (*flag*)
2097
2098 :Value: no
2099 :Option: :opt:`-save_split`
2100 :Description: Save model state snapshots to separate files (one per time record).
2101
2102 #. :config:`output.snapshot.times` (*string*)
2103
2104 :Value: *no default*
2105 :Option: :opt:`-save_times`
2106 :Description: List or a range of times to save model state snapshots at.
2107
2108 #. :config:`output.timeseries.append` (*flag*)
2109
2110 :Value: false
2111 :Option: :opt:`-ts_append`
2112 :Description: If true, append to the scalar time series output file.
2113
2114 #. :config:`output.timeseries.buffer_size` (*integer*)
2115
2116 :Value: 10000
2117 :Description: Number of scalar diagnostic time-series records to hold in memory before writing to disk. (PISM writes this many time-series records to reduce I/O costs.) Send the USR2 signal to flush time-series.
2118
2119 #. :config:`output.timeseries.filename` (*string*)
2120
2121 :Value: *no default*
2122 :Option: :opt:`-ts_file`
2123 :Description: Name of the file to save scalar time series to. Leave empty to disable reporting scalar time-series.
2124
2125 #. :config:`output.timeseries.times` (*string*)
2126
2127 :Value: *no default*
2128 :Option: :opt:`-ts_times`
2129 :Description: List or range of times defining reporting time intervals.
2130
2131 #. :config:`output.timeseries.variables` (*string*)
2132
2133 :Value: *no default*
2134 :Option: :opt:`-ts_vars`
2135 :Description: Requested scalar (time-series) diagnostics. Leave empty to save all available diagnostics.
2136
2137 #. :config:`output.use_MKS` (*flag*)
2138
2139 :Value: false
2140 :Description: Use MKS units in output files.
2141
2142 #. :config:`regional.no_model_strip` (*number*)
2143
2144 :Value: 5 (km)
2145 :Option: :opt:`-no_model_strip`
2146 :Description: Default width of the 'no model strip' in regional setups.
2147
2148 #. :config:`regional.no_model_yield_stress` (*number*)
2149
2150 :Value: 1000 (kPa)
2151 :Description: High yield stress used in the 'no_model_mask' area in the regional mode.
2152
2153 #. :config:`regional.zero_gradient` (*flag*)
2154
2155 :Value: false
2156 :Option: :opt:`-zero_grad_where_no_model`
2157 :Description: Use zero ice thickness and ice surface gradient in the no_model_mask area.
2158
2159 #. :config:`run_info.institution` (*string*)
2160
2161 :Value: *no default*
2162 :Option: :opt:`-institution`
2163 :Description: Institution name. This string is written to output files as the 'institution' global attribute.
2164
2165 #. :config:`run_info.title` (*string*)
2166
2167 :Value: *no default*
2168 :Option: :opt:`-title`
2169 :Description: Free-form string containing a concise description of the current run. This string is written to output files as the 'title' global attribute.
2170
2171 #. :config:`sea_level.models` (*string*)
2172
2173 :Value: constant
2174 :Option: :opt:`-sea_level`
2175 :Description: Comma-separated list of sea level models and modifiers.
2176
2177 #. :config:`stress_balance.calving_front_stress_bc` (*flag*)
2178
2179 :Value: no
2180 :Option: :opt:`-cfbc`
2181 :Description: Apply CFBC condition as in :cite:`Albrechtetal2011`, :cite:`Winkelmannetal2011`. May only apply to some stress balances; e.g. SSAFD as of May 2011. If not set then a strength-extension is used, as in :cite:`BBssasliding`.
2182
2183 #. :config:`stress_balance.ice_free_thickness_standard` (*number*)
2184
2185 :Value: 10 (meters)
2186 :Description: If ice is thinner than this standard then a cell is considered ice-free for purposes of computing ice velocity distribution.
2187
2188 #. :config:`stress_balance.model` (*keyword*)
2189
2190 :Value: ``sia``
2191 :Choices: ``none, prescribed_sliding, weertman_sliding, sia, ssa, prescribed_sliding+sia, weertman_sliding+sia, ssa+sia``
2192 :Option: :opt:`-stress_balance`
2193 :Description: Stress balance model
2194
2195 #. :config:`stress_balance.prescribed_sliding.file` (*string*)
2196
2197 :Value: *no default*
2198 :Description: The name of the file containing prescribed sliding velocity (variable names: `ubar`, `vbar`).
2199
2200 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.Glen_exponent` (*number*)
2201
2202 :Value: 3 (pure number)
2203 :Option: :opt:`-sia_n`
2204 :Description: Glen exponent in ice flow law for SIA
2205
2206 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.bed_smoother.range` (*number*)
2207
2208 :Value: 5000 (meters)
2209 :Option: :opt:`-bed_smoother_range`
2210 :Description: half-width of smoothing domain for stressbalance::BedSmoother, in implementing :cite:`Schoofbasaltopg2003` bed roughness parameterization for SIA; set value to zero to turn off mechanism
2211
2212 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.bed_smoother.theta_min` (*number*)
2213
2214 :Value: 0 (1)
2215 :Description: minimum value of `\theta` in :cite:`Schoofbasaltopg2003` bed roughness parameterization for SIA
2216
2217 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.e_age_coupling` (*flag*)
2218
2219 :Value: no
2220 :Option: :opt:`-e_age_coupling`
2221 :Description: Couple the SIA enhancement factor to age as in :cite:`Greve`.
2222
2223 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.enhancement_factor` (*number*)
2224
2225 :Value: 1 (1)
2226 :Option: :opt:`-sia_e`
2227 :Description: Flow enhancement factor for SIA
2228
2229 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.enhancement_factor_interglacial` (*number*)
2230
2231 :Value: 1 (1)
2232 :Option: :opt:`-sia_e_interglacial`
2233 :Description: Flow enhancement factor for SIA; used for ice accumulated during interglacial periods.
2234
2235 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.flow_law` (*keyword*)
2236
2237 :Value: ``gpbld``
2238 :Choices: ``arr, arrwarm, gk, gpbld, hooke, isothermal_glen, pb``
2239 :Option: :opt:`-sia_flow_law`
2240 :Description: The SIA flow law.
2241
2242 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.grain_size_age_coupling` (*flag*)
2243
2244 :Value: no
2245 :Option: :opt:`-grain_size_age_coupling`
2246 :Description: Use age of the ice to compute grain size to use with the Goldsby-Kohlstedt :cite:`GoldsbyKohlstedt` flow law
2247
2248 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.limit_diffusivity` (*flag*)
2249
2250 :Value: no
2251 :Option: :opt:`-limit_sia_diffusivity`
2252 :Description: Limit SIA diffusivity by `stress_balance.sia.max_diffusivity`.
2253
2254 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.max_diffusivity` (*number*)
2255
2256 :Value: 100 (m2 s-1)
2257 :Description: Maximum allowed diffusivity of the SIA flow. PISM stops with an error message if the SIA diffusivity exceeds this limit.
2258
2259 #. :config:`stress_balance.sia.surface_gradient_method` (*keyword*)
2260
2261 :Value: ``haseloff``
2262 :Choices: ``eta, haseloff, mahaffy``
2263 :Option: :opt:`-gradient`
2264 :Description: method used for surface gradient calculation at staggered grid points
2265
2266 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.Glen_exponent` (*number*)
2267
2268 :Value: 3 (pure number)
2269 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_n`
2270 :Description: Glen exponent in ice flow law for SSA
2271
2272 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.compute_surface_gradient_inward` (*flag*)
2273
2274 :Value: no
2275 :Description: If yes then use inward first-order differencing in computing surface gradient in the SSA objects.
2276
2277 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.dirichlet_bc` (*flag*)
2278
2279 :Value: no
2280 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_dirichlet_bc`
2281 :Description: apply SSA velocity Dirichlet boundary condition
2282
2283 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.enhancement_factor` (*number*)
2284
2285 :Value: 1 (1)
2286 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_e`
2287 :Description: Flow enhancement factor for SSA
2288
2289 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.enhancement_factor_interglacial` (*number*)
2290
2291 :Value: 1 (1)
2292 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_e_interglacial`
2293 :Description: Flow enhancement factor for SSA; used for ice accumulated during interglacial periods.
2294
2295 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.epsilon` (*number*)
2296
2297 :Value: 1.000000e+13 (Pascal second meter)
2298 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_eps`
2299 :Description: Initial amount of regularization in computation of product of effective viscosity and thickness (`\nu H`). This default value for `\nu H` comes e.g. from a hardness for the Ross ice shelf (`\bar B`) = 1.9e8 Pa `s^{1/3}` :cite:`MacAyealetal` and a typical strain rate of 0.001 1/year for the Ross ice shelf, giving `\nu = (\bar B) / (2 \cdot 0.001^{2/3})` = 9.49e+14 Pa s ~ 30 MPa year, the value in :cite:`Ritzetal2001`, but with a tiny thickness `H` of about 1 cm.
2300
2301 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.brutal_sliding` (*flag*)
2302
2303 :Value: false
2304 :Option: :opt:`-brutal_sliding`
2305 :Description: Enhance sliding speed brutally.
2306
2307 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.brutal_sliding_scale` (*number*)
2308
2309 :Value: 1 (1)
2310 :Option: :opt:`-brutal_sliding_scale`
2311 :Description: Brutal SSA Sliding Scale
2312
2313 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.lateral_drag.enabled` (*flag*)
2314
2315 :Value: false
2316 :Description: set viscosity at ice shelf margin next to ice free bedrock as friction parameterization
2317
2318 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.lateral_drag.viscosity` (*number*)
2319
2320 :Value: 5.000000e+15 (Pascal second)
2321 :Option: :opt:`-nu_bedrock`
2322 :Description: Staggered Viscosity used as side friction parameterization.
2323
2324 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.max_iterations` (*integer*)
2325
2326 :Value: 300
2327 :Option: :opt:`-ssafd_picard_maxi`
2328 :Description: Maximum number of Picard iterations for the ice viscosity computation, in the SSAFD object
2329
2330 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.max_speed` (*number*)
2331
2332 :Value: 300000 (km s-1)
2333 :Option: :opt:`-ssafd_max_speed`
2334 :Description: Upper bound for the ice speed computed by the SSAFD solver.
2335
2336 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.nuH_iter_failure_underrelaxation` (*number*)
2337
2338 :Value: 0.800000 (pure number)
2339 :Option: :opt:`-ssafd_nuH_iter_failure_underrelaxation`
2340 :Description: In event of 'Effective viscosity not converged' failure, use outer iteration rule nuH <- nuH + f (nuH - nuH_old), where f is this parameter.
2341
2342 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.relative_convergence` (*number*)
2343
2344 :Value: 0.000100 (1)
2345 :Option: :opt:`-ssafd_picard_rtol`
2346 :Description: Relative change tolerance for the effective viscosity in the SSAFD object
2347
2348 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.fd.replace_zero_diagonal_entries` (*flag*)
2349
2350 :Value: yes
2351 :Description: Replace zero diagonal entries in the SSAFD matrix with basal_resistance.beta_ice_free_bedrock to avoid solver failures.
2352
2353 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.flow_law` (*keyword*)
2354
2355 :Value: ``gpbld``
2356 :Choices: ``arr, arrwarm, gpbld, hooke, isothermal_glen, pb``
2357 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_flow_law`
2358 :Description: The SSA flow law.
2359
2360 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.method` (*keyword*)
2361
2362 :Value: ``fd``
2363 :Choices: ``fd, fem``
2364 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_method`
2365 :Description: Algorithm for computing the SSA solution.
2366
2367 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.read_initial_guess` (*flag*)
2368
2369 :Value: yes
2370 :Option: :opt:`-ssa_read_initial_guess`
2371 :Description: Read the initial guess from the input file when re-starting.
2372
2373 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.strength_extension.constant_nu` (*number*)
2374
2375 :Value: 9.486807e+14 (Pascal second)
2376 :Description: The SSA is made elliptic by use of a constant value for the product of viscosity (nu) and thickness (H). This value for nu comes from hardness (bar B)=1.9e8 `Pa s^{1/3}` :cite:`MacAyealetal` and a typical strain rate of 0.001 year-1: `\nu = (\bar B) / (2 \cdot 0.001^{2/3})`. Compare the value of 9.45e14 Pa s = 30 MPa year in :cite:`Ritzetal2001`.
2377
2378 #. :config:`stress_balance.ssa.strength_extension.min_thickness` (*number*)
2379
2380 :Value: 50 (meters)
2381 :Description: The SSA is made elliptic by use of a constant value for the product of viscosity (nu) and thickness (H). At ice thicknesses below this value the product nu*H switches from the normal vertical integral to a constant value. The geometry itself is not affected by this value.
2382
2383 #. :config:`stress_balance.vertical_velocity_approximation` (*keyword*)
2384
2385 :Value: ``centered``
2386 :Choices: ``centered, upstream``
2387 :Option: :opt:`-vertical_velocity_approximation`
2388 :Description: Vertical velocity FD approximation. "Upstream" uses first-order finite difference to compute u_x and v_y. Uses basal velocity to make decisions.
2389
2390 #. :config:`stress_balance.weertman_sliding.A` (*number*)
2391
2392 :Value: 1.800000e-16 (Pa-3 year-1 m-2)
2393 :Description: Sliding parameter in the Weertman-style sliding parameterization :cite:`Tomkin2007`
2394
2395 #. :config:`stress_balance.weertman_sliding.k` (*number*)
2396
2397 :Value: 0.200000 (1)
2398 :Description: The ratio of the basal water pressure and the ice overburden pressure in the Weertman-style sliding parameterization.
2399
2400 #. :config:`surface.anomaly.file` (*string*)
2401
2402 :Value: *no default*
2403 :Option: :opt:`-surface_anomaly_file`
2404 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
2405
2406 #. :config:`surface.anomaly.period` (*integer*)
2407
2408 :Value: 0
2409 :Option: :opt:`-surface_anomaly_period`
2410 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
2411
2412 #. :config:`surface.anomaly.reference_year` (*integer*)
2413
2414 :Value: 0
2415 :Option: :opt:`-surface_anomaly_reference_year`
2416 :Description: Reference year to use when ``surface.anomaly.period`` is active.
2417
2418 #. :config:`surface.cache.update_interval` (*integer*)
2419
2420 :Value: 10
2421 :Description: Update interval (in years) for the `-surface cache` modifier.
2422
2423 #. :config:`surface.delta_T.file` (*string*)
2424
2425 :Value: *no default*
2426 :Option: :opt:`-surface_delta_T_file`
2427 :Description: Name of the file containing temperature offsets.
2428
2429 #. :config:`surface.delta_T.period` (*integer*)
2430
2431 :Value: 0
2432 :Option: :opt:`-surface_delta_T_period`
2433 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
2434
2435 #. :config:`surface.delta_T.reference_year` (*integer*)
2436
2437 :Value: 0
2438 :Option: :opt:`-surface_delta_T_reference_year`
2439 :Description: Reference year to use when ``surface.delta_T.period`` is active.
2440
2441 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.file` (*string*)
2442
2443 :Value: *no default*
2444 :Option: :opt:`-surface_elevation_change_file`
2445 :Description: Name of the file containing the reference surface elevation field (variable ``usurf``).
2446
2447 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.period` (*integer*)
2448
2449 :Value: 0
2450 :Option: :opt:`-surface_elevation_change_period`
2451 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
2452
2453 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.reference_year` (*integer*)
2454
2455 :Value: 0
2456 :Option: :opt:`-surface_elevation_change_reference_year`
2457 :Description: Reference year to use when ``surface.elevation_change.period`` is active.
2458
2459 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.smb.exp_factor` (*number*)
2460
2461 :Value: 0 (Kelvin-1)
2462 :Option: :opt:`-smb_exp_factor`
2463 :Description: Exponential for the surface mass balance.
2464
2465 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.smb.lapse_rate` (*number*)
2466
2467 :Value: 0 ((m / year) / km)
2468 :Option: :opt:`-smb_lapse_rate`
2469 :Description: Lapse rate for the surface mass balance.
2470
2471 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.smb.method` (*keyword*)
2472
2473 :Value: ``shift``
2474 :Choices: ``scale, shift``
2475 :Option: :opt:`-smb_adjustment`
2476 :Description: Choose the SMB adjustment method. ``scale``: use temperature-change-dependent scaling factor. ``shift``: use the SMB lapse rate.
2477
2478 #. :config:`surface.elevation_change.temperature_lapse_rate` (*number*)
2479
2480 :Value: 0 (K / km)
2481 :Option: :opt:`-temp_lapse_rate`
2482 :Description: Lapse rate for the temperature at the top of the ice.
2483
2484 #. :config:`surface.force_to_thickness.alpha` (*number*)
2485
2486 :Value: 0.010000 (year-1)
2487 :Option: :opt:`-force_to_thickness_alpha`
2488 :Description: exponential coefficient in force-to-thickness mechanism
2489
2490 #. :config:`surface.force_to_thickness.ice_free_alpha_factor` (*number*)
2491
2492 :Value: 1 (1)
2493 :Option: :opt:`-force_to_thickness_ice_free_alpha_factor`
2494 :Description: surface.force_to_thickness.alpha is multiplied by this factor in areas that are ice-free according to the target ice thickness and surface.force_to_thickness.ice_free_thickness_threshold
2495
2496 #. :config:`surface.force_to_thickness.ice_free_thickness_threshold` (*number*)
2497
2498 :Value: 1 (meters)
2499 :Option: :opt:`-force_to_thickness_ice_free_thickness_threshold`
2500 :Description: threshold of ice thickness in the force-to-thickness target field. Used to determine whether to use surface.force_to_thickness.ice_free_alpha_factor.
2501
2502 #. :config:`surface.force_to_thickness.start_time` (*number*)
2503
2504 :Value: -4.540000e+09 (years)
2505 :Description: Starting time for the "force to thickness" modifier; the default is "start from the creation of the Earth."
2506
2507 #. :config:`surface.force_to_thickness_file` (*string*)
2508
2509 :Value: *no default*
2510 :Option: :opt:`-force_to_thickness_file`
2511 :Description: The name of the file to read the target ice thickness from.
2512
2513 #. :config:`surface.given.file` (*string*)
2514
2515 :Value: *no default*
2516 :Option: :opt:`-surface_given_file`
2517 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing fields.
2518
2519 #. :config:`surface.given.period` (*integer*)
2520
2521 :Value: 0
2522 :Option: :opt:`-surface_given_period`
2523 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
2524
2525 #. :config:`surface.given.reference_year` (*integer*)
2526
2527 :Value: 0
2528 :Option: :opt:`-surface_given_reference_year`
2529 :Description: Reference year to use when ``surface.given.period`` is active.
2530
2531 #. :config:`surface.given.smb_max` (*number*)
2532
2533 :Value: 91000 (kg m-2 year-1)
2534 :Description: Maximum climatic mass balance value (used to check input data). Corresponds to 100 m/year ice equivalent.
2535
2536 #. :config:`surface.ismip6.file` (*string*)
2537
2538 :Value: *no default*
2539 :Option: :opt:`-surface_ismip6_file`
2540 :Description: Name of the file containing climate forcing anomaly fields.
2541
2542 #. :config:`surface.ismip6.period` (*integer*)
2543
2544 :Value: 0
2545 :Option: :opt:`-surface_ismip6_period`
2546 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
2547
2548 #. :config:`surface.ismip6.reference_file` (*string*)
2549
2550 :Value: *no default*
2551 :Option: :opt:`-surface_ismip6_reference_file`
2552 :Description: Name of the file containing reference climate forcing fields.
2553
2554 #. :config:`surface.ismip6.reference_year` (*integer*)
2555
2556 :Value: 0
2557 :Description: Reference year to use when ``surface.ismip6.period`` is active.
2558
2559 #. :config:`surface.models` (*string*)
2560
2561 :Value: given
2562 :Option: :opt:`-surface`
2563 :Description: Comma-separated list of surface models and modifiers.
2564
2565 #. :config:`surface.pdd.air_temp_all_precip_as_rain` (*number*)
2566
2567 :Value: 275.150000 (Kelvin)
2568 :Description: threshold temperature above which all precipitation is rain; must exceed surface.pdd.air_temp_all_precip_as_snow to avoid division by zero, because difference is in a denominator
2569
2570 #. :config:`surface.pdd.air_temp_all_precip_as_snow` (*number*)
2571
2572 :Value: 273.150000 (Kelvin)
2573 :Description: threshold temperature below which all precipitation is snow
2574
2575 #. :config:`surface.pdd.balance_year_start_day` (*integer*)
2576
2577 :Value: 274
2578 :Description: day of year for October 1st, beginning of the balance year in northern latitudes.
2579
2580 #. :config:`surface.pdd.factor_ice` (*number*)
2581
2582 :Value: 0.008791 (meter / (Kelvin day))
2583 :Description: EISMINT-Greenland value :cite:`RitzEISMINT`; = (8 mm liquid-water-equivalent) / (pos degree day)
2584
2585 #. :config:`surface.pdd.factor_snow` (*number*)
2586
2587 :Value: 0.003297 (meter / (Kelvin day))
2588 :Description: EISMINT-Greenland value :cite:`RitzEISMINT`; = (3 mm liquid-water-equivalent) / (pos degree day)
2589
2590 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.T_c` (*number*)
2591
2592 :Value: 272.150000 (Kelvin)
2593 :Description: = -1 + 273.15; for formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2594
2595 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.T_w` (*number*)
2596
2597 :Value: 283.150000 (Kelvin)
2598 :Description: = 10 + 273.15; for formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2599
2600 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.beta_ice_c` (*number*)
2601
2602 :Value: 0.015000 (meter / (Kelvin day))
2603 :Description: water-equivalent thickness; for formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2604
2605 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.beta_ice_w` (*number*)
2606
2607 :Value: 0.007000 (meter / (Kelvin day))
2608 :Description: water-equivalent thickness; for formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2609
2610 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.beta_snow_c` (*number*)
2611
2612 :Value: 0.003000 (meter / (Kelvin day))
2613 :Description: water-equivalent thickness; for formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2614
2615 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.beta_snow_w` (*number*)
2616
2617 :Value: 0.003000 (meter / (Kelvin day))
2618 :Description: water-equivalent thickness; for formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2619
2620 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.enabled` (*flag*)
2621
2622 :Value: false
2623 :Option: :opt:`-pdd_fausto`
2624 :Description: Set PDD parameters using formulas (6) and (7) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2625
2626 #. :config:`surface.pdd.fausto.latitude_beta_w` (*number*)
2627
2628 :Value: 72 (degree_north)
2629 :Description: latitude below which to use warm case, in formula (6) in :cite:`Faustoetal2009`
2630
2631 #. :config:`surface.pdd.firn_compaction_to_accumulation_ratio` (*number*)
2632
2633 :Value: 0.750000 (1)
2634 :Description: How much firn as a fraction of accumulation is turned into ice
2635
2636 #. :config:`surface.pdd.firn_depth_file` (*string*)
2637
2638 :Value: *no default*
2639 :Option: :opt:`-pdd_firn_depth_file`
2640 :Description: The name of the file to read the firn_depth from.
2641
2642 #. :config:`surface.pdd.interpret_precip_as_snow` (*flag*)
2643
2644 :Value: no
2645 :Description: Interpret precipitation as snow fall.
2646
2647 #. :config:`surface.pdd.max_evals_per_year` (*integer*)
2648
2649 :Value: 52
2650 :Description: maximum number of times the PDD scheme will ask for air temperature and precipitation to build location-dependent time series for computing (expected) number of positive degree days and snow accumulation; the default means the PDD uses weekly samples of the annual cycle; see also surface.pdd.std_dev
2651
2652 #. :config:`surface.pdd.method` (*keyword*)
2653
2654 :Value: ``expectation_integral``
2655 :Choices: ``expectation_integral, repeatable_random_process, random_process``
2656 :Option: :opt:`-pdd_method`
2657 :Description: PDD implementation method
2658
2659 #. :config:`surface.pdd.positive_threshold_temp` (*number*)
2660
2661 :Value: 273.150000 (Kelvin)
2662 :Description: temperature used to determine meaning of 'positive' degree day
2663
2664 #. :config:`surface.pdd.refreeze` (*number*)
2665
2666 :Value: 0.600000 (1)
2667 :Description: EISMINT-Greenland value :cite:`RitzEISMINT`
2668
2669 #. :config:`surface.pdd.refreeze_ice_melt` (*flag*)
2670
2671 :Value: yes
2672 :Description: If set to 'yes', refreeze surface.pdd.refreeze fraction of melted ice, otherwise all of the melted ice runs off.
2673
2674 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev` (*number*)
2675
2676 :Value: 5 (Kelvin)
2677 :Description: std dev of daily temp variation; = EISMINT-Greenland value :cite:`RitzEISMINT`
2678
2679 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev.file` (*string*)
2680
2681 :Value: *no default*
2682 :Option: :opt:`-pdd_sd_file`
2683 :Description: The name of the file to read `air_temp_sd` (standard deviation of air temperature) from.
2684
2685 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev.period` (*integer*)
2686
2687 :Value: 0
2688 :Option: :opt:`-pdd_sd_period`
2689 :Description: Length of the period of the climate forcing data. Set to zero to disable.
2690
2691 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev.reference_year` (*integer*)
2692
2693 :Value: 0
2694 :Option: :opt:`-pdd_sd_reference_year`
2695 :Description: Reference year to use when ``surface.pdd.std_dev.period`` is active.
2696
2697 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev_lapse_lat_base` (*number*)
2698
2699 :Value: 72 (degree_north)
2700 :Description: std_dev is a function of latitude, with value surface.pdd.std_dev at this latitude; this value only active if surface.pdd.std_dev_lapse_lat_rate is nonzero
2701
2702 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev_lapse_lat_rate` (*number*)
2703
2704 :Value: 0 (Kelvin / degree_north)
2705 :Description: std_dev is a function of latitude, with rate of change with respect to latitude given by this constant
2706
2707 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev_param_a` (*number*)
2708
2709 :Value: -0.150000 (pure number)
2710 :Description: Parameter a in Sigma = a*T + b, with T in degrees C. Used only if surface.pdd.std_dev_use_param is set to yes.
2711
2712 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev_param_b` (*number*)
2713
2714 :Value: 0.660000 (Kelvin)
2715 :Description: Parameter b in Sigma = a*T + b, with T in degrees C. Used only if surface.pdd.std_dev_use_param is set to yes.
2716
2717 #. :config:`surface.pdd.std_dev_use_param` (*flag*)
2718
2719 :Value: no
2720 :Description: Parameterize standard deviation as a linear function of air temperature over ice-covered grid cells. The region of application is controlled by geometry.ice_free_thickness_standard.
2721
2722 #. :config:`surface.pressure` (*number*)
2723
2724 :Value: 0 (Pascal)
2725 :Description: atmospheric pressure; = pressure at ice surface
2726
2727 #. :config:`time.calendar` (*keyword*)
2728
2729 :Value: ``365_day``
2730 :Choices: ``standard, gregorian, proleptic_gregorian, noleap, 365_day, 360_day, julian, none``
2731 :Option: :opt:`-calendar`
2732 :Description: The calendar to use.
2733
2734 #. :config:`time.dimension_name` (*string*)
2735
2736 :Value: time
2737 :Description: The name of the time dimension in PISM output files.
2738
2739 #. :config:`time.eemian_end` (*number*)
2740
2741 :Value: -114500 (years)
2742 :Description: End of the Eemian interglacial period. See :cite:`Greve97Greenland`.
2743
2744 #. :config:`time.eemian_start` (*number*)
2745
2746 :Value: -132000 (years)
2747 :Description: Start of the Eemian interglacial period. See :cite:`Greve97Greenland`.
2748
2749 #. :config:`time.holocene_start` (*number*)
2750
2751 :Value: -11000 (years)
2752 :Description: Start of the Holocene interglacial period. See :cite:`Greve97Greenland`.
2753
2754 #. :config:`time.reference_date` (*string*)
2755
2756 :Value: 1-1-1
2757 :Description: year-month-day; reference date used for calendar computations and in PISM output files
2758
2759 #. :config:`time.run_length` (*number*)
2760
2761 :Value: 1000 (years)
2762 :Description: Default run length
2763
2764 #. :config:`time.start_year` (*number*)
2765
2766 :Value: 0 (years)
2767 :Description: Start year.
2768
2769 #. :config:`time_stepping.adaptive_ratio` (*number*)
2770
2771 :Value: 0.120000 (1)
2772 :Option: :opt:`-adapt_ratio`
2773 :Description: Adaptive time stepping ratio for the explicit scheme for the mass balance equation; :cite:`BBL`, inequality (25)
2774
2775 #. :config:`time_stepping.count_steps` (*flag*)
2776
2777 :Value: no
2778 :Option: :opt:`-count_steps`
2779 :Description: If yes, IceModel::run() will count the number of time steps it took. Sometimes useful for performance evaluation. Counts all steps, regardless of whether processes (mass continuity, energy, velocity, ...) occurred within the step.
2780
2781 #. :config:`time_stepping.hit_extra_times` (*flag*)
2782
2783 :Value: yes
2784 :Option: :opt:`-extra_force_output_times`
2785 :Description: Modify the time-stepping mechanism to hit times requested using -extra_times.
2786
2787 #. :config:`time_stepping.hit_multiples` (*number*)
2788
2789 :Value: 0 (years)
2790 :Option: :opt:`-timestep_hit_multiples`
2791 :Description: Hit every X years, where X is specified using this parameter. Use 0 to disable
2792
2793 #. :config:`time_stepping.hit_save_times` (*flag*)
2794
2795 :Value: no
2796 :Option: :opt:`-save_force_output_times`
2797 :Description: Modify the time-stepping mechanism to hit times requested using -save_times.
2798
2799 #. :config:`time_stepping.hit_ts_times` (*flag*)
2800
2801 :Value: no
2802 :Description: Modify the time-stepping mechanism to hit times requested using -ts_times.
2803
2804 #. :config:`time_stepping.maximum_time_step` (*number*)
2805
2806 :Value: 60 (years)
2807 :Option: :opt:`-max_dt`
2808 :Description: Maximum allowed time step length
2809
2810 #. :config:`time_stepping.skip.enabled` (*flag*)
2811
2812 :Value: no
2813 :Option: :opt:`-skip`
2814 :Description: Use the temperature, age, and SSA stress balance computation skipping mechanism.
2815
2816 #. :config:`time_stepping.skip.max` (*integer*)
2817
2818 :Value: 10
2819 :Option: :opt:`-skip_max`
2820 :Description: Number of mass-balance steps, including SIA diffusivity updates, to perform before a the temperature, age, and SSA stress balance computations are done