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From: Tony Nugent <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au>
Newsgroups: alt.ascii-art,alt.ascii-art.animation,rec.arts.ascii
Subject: Info: Control codes
Date: 13 Nov 1994 20:48:40 -0600
Organization: Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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Tony Nugent <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au> writes:

Here I go again... following up my own posts!!  :-)

>>Well, I got snubbed a few other times but I'll try it again.
>>Will somebody send me a list or the location of a list of control codes
>>for ascii animation?

>I'll email you a list of the vt102 control codes, but if you have
>the standard msdos ansi codes available, they are very similar
>(although there are some differences).

>I'm wondering if I should post this list for all to see.
>Is there enough interest?  Bob?  (If I get email to say yes, then
>I'll be happy to post it).

I've had some interest in this, so here is what I've put
together....

Enjoy!

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This document is an attempt to define escape sequences for
screen manipulation (such as setting attributes and animation),
and for interpreting keyboard input.

This has been put together from several sources, and its current
format reflects this.

*** WARNING ***

The information here is probably incomplete and contains some
inaccuracies.

If such inaccuracies are found, I would be most grateful to be
informed.  I would also be grateful if I could be informed of
other sources of similar information, especially in relation to
the extended display characteristics of vt220, and any colour
specific vt-term emulation.

I intend to revamp this document in the future to make it more
comprehensive.

I take no responsibility for the use or abuse of this
information.

Many thanks to those responsible for the original sources.  This
information has been difficult to come by!

Tony Nugent
T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au
November 1994

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Escape codes for vt102 terminal. <kivinen@hut.fi>

All numbers below are octal.<n> means numeric value,<c> means character string.
If <n> is missing it is 0 or in cursor movements 1.

Reset and set modes
  Set Modes
    Esc  [ <c> ; ... ; <c> h
    033 133   073   073   150
  Reset Modes
    Esc  [ <c> ; ... ; <c> l
    033 133   073   073   154

  Where <c> is
    '2'= Lock keyboard (set); Unlock keyboard (reset)
    '4'= Insert mode (set); Replace mode (reset)
   '12'= Echo on (set); Echo off (reset)
   '20'= Return = CR+LF (set); Return = CR (reset)
   '?1'= Cursorkeys application (set); Cursorkeys normal (reset)
   '?2'= Ansi (set); VT52 (reset)
   '?3'= 132 char/row (set); 80 char/row (reset)
   '?4'= Jump scroll (set); Smooth scroll (reset)
   '?5'= Reverse screen (set); Normal screen (reset)
   '?6'= Sets relative coordinates (set); Sets absolute coordinates (reset)
   '?7'= Auto wrap (set); Auto wrap off (reset)
   '?8'= Auto repeat on (set); Auto repeat off (reset)
  '?18'= Send FF to printer after print screen (set); No char after PS (reset)
  '?19'= Print screen prints full screen (set); PS prints scroll region (reset)
  '?25'= Cursor on (set); Cursor off (reset)

Set scrolling region (n1=upper,n2=lower)
  Esc  [ <n1> ; <n2> r
  033 133    073    162


Cursor movement (<n>=how many chars or lines), cursor stop at margin.
  Up
    Esc  [ <n> A
    033 133   101
  Down
    Esc  [ <n> B
    033 133   102
  Right
    Esc  [ <n> C
    033 133   103
  Left
    Esc  [  n  D
    033 133   104
  Cursor position  (<n1>=y,<n2>=x, from top of screen or scroll region)
       Esc  [ <n1> ; <n2> H
       033 133    073    110
    Or Esc  [ <n1> ; <n2> f
       033 133    073    146
  Index (cursor down with scroll up when at margin)
    Esc  D
    033 104
  Reverse index (cursor up with scroll down when at margin)
    Esc  M
    033 115
  Next line (CR+Index)
    Esc  E
    033 105
  Save cursor and attribute
    Esc  7
    033 067
  Restore cursor and attribute
    Esc  8
    033 070


Keybad character selection
  Application keypad mode
    Esc  =
    033 075
  Numeric keypad mode
    Esc  >
    033 076

  Keypadkeys codes generated
                  Numeric      Application                VT52 Application
    0             0 (060)      Esc O p (033 117 160)      Esc ? p (033 077 160)
    1             1 (061)      Esc O q (033 117 161)      Esc ? q (033 077 161)
    2             2 (062)      Esc O r (033 117 162)      Esc ? r (033 077 162)
    3             3 (063)      Esc O s (033 117 163)      Esc ? s (033 077 163)
    4             4 (064)      Esc O t (033 117 164)      Esc ? t (033 077 164)
    5             5 (065)      Esc O u (033 117 165)      Esc ? u (033 077 165)
    6             6 (066)      Esc O v (033 117 166)      Esc ? v (033 077 166)
    7             7 (067)      Esc O w (033 117 167)      Esc ? w (033 077 167)
    8             8 (070)      Esc O x (033 117 170)      Esc ? x (033 077 170)
    9             9 (071)      Esc O y (033 117 171)      Esc ? y (033 077 171)
    - (minus)     - (055)      Esc O m (033 117 155)      Esc ? m (033 077 155)
    , (comma)     , (054)      Esc O l (033 117 154)      Esc ? l (033 077 154)
    . (period)    . (056)      Esc O n (033 117 156)      Esc ? n (033 077 156)
    Enter         CR (015)*    Esc O M (033 117 115)      Esc ? M (033 077 115)
    PF1           Esc O P      Esc O P (033 117 120)      Esc P (033 120)
    PF2           Esc O Q      Esc O Q (033 117 121)      Esc Q (033 121)
    PF3           Esc O R      Esc O R (033 117 122)      Esc R (033 122)
    PF4           Esc O S      Esc O S (033 117 123)      Esc S (033 123)
  * Or CR+LF (015 012)

  Cursorkeys codes generated (changed by set and reset modes '?1')
          normal         application
    Up    Esc  [   A     Esc  O   A
          033 133 101    033 117 101
    Down  Esc  [   B     Esc  O   B
          033 133 102    033 117 102
    Right Esc  [   C     Esc  O   C
          033 133 103    033 117 103
    Left  Esc  [   D     Esc  O   D
          033 133 104    033 117 104


Select chaacter set
  UK as G0
    Esc  (   A
    033 050 101
  US as G0
    Esc  (   B
    033 050 102
  Special characters and line drawing character set as G0
    Esc  (   0
    033 050 060
  Alternate ROM as G0
    Esc  (   1
    033 050 061
  Alternate ROM special characters character set as G0
    Esc  (   2
    033 050 062

  UK as G1
    Esc  )   A
    033 051 101
  US as G1
    Esc  )   B
    033 051 102
  Special characters and line drawing character set as G1
    Esc  )   0
    033 051 060
  Alternate ROM as G1
    Esc  )   1
    033 051 061
  Alternate ROM special characters character set as G1
    Esc  )   2
    033 051 062

  Selects G2 for one character
    Esc  N
    033 115
  Selects G3 for one character
    Esc  O
    033 117


Set graphic rendition
  Esc  [ <n> ; <n> m
  033 133   073   156

  Where <n> is
   0 = Turn off attributes
   1 = Bold (Full)
   2 = Half
   4 = Underline
   5 = Blink
   7 = Reverse
  21 = Normal intensity
  22 = Normal intensity
  24 = Cancel underlined
  25 = Cancel blinking
  27 = Cancel reverse

Tab stops
  Set horizontal tab
    Esc  H
    033 110
  Clear horizontal tab
       Esc  [   g
       033 133 147
    Or Esc  [   0   g
       033 133 060 147
  Clear all horizontal tabs
    Esc  [   3   g
    033 133 063 147


Line attributes
  Double-height
    Top half
      Esc  #   3
      033 043 063
    Bottom half
      Esc  #   4
      033 043 064
  Single-width, single-height
    Esc  #   5
    033 043 065
  Double-width
    Esc  #   6
    033 043 066


Erasing
  Erase in line
    End of line (including cursor position)
         Esc  [   K
         033 133 113
      Or Esc  [   0   K
         033 133 060 113
    Beginning of line (including cursor position)
      Esc  [   1   K
      033 133 061 113
    Complete line
      Esc  [   2   K
      033 133 062 113
  Erase in display
    End of screen (including cursor position)
         Esc  [   J
         033 133 112
      Or Esc  [   0   J
         033 133 060 112
    Beginning of screen (including cursor position)
      Esc  [   1   J
      033 133 061 112
    Complete display
      Esc  [   2   J
      033 133 062 112


Computer editing
  Delete characters (<n> characters right from cursor
    Esc  [ <n> P
    033 133   120
  Inser line (<n> lines)
    Esc  [ <n> L
    033 133   114
  Delete line (<n> lines)
    Esc  [ <n> M
    033 133   115


Printing
  Esc  [ <c> i
  033 133    151

  Where <c> is
      ''= Same as '0'
     '0'= Prints screen (full or scroll region)
     '4'= Printer controller off
     '5'= Printer controller on (Print all received chars to printer)
    '?1'= Print cursor line
    '?4'= Auto print off
    '?5'= Auto print on (Prints line to printer when you exit from it)


Reports
  Device status
    Esc  [ <c> n
    033 133   156

  Where <c> is
      '0'=Response Ready, no malfunctions detected
      '3'=Malfunction, error in self-test.
      '5'=Status report request
      '6'=Request cursor position.
    '?10'=Response to printer status request, All ok.
    '?11'=Response to printer status request, Printer is not ready.
    '?13'=Response to printer status request, No printer.
    '?15'=Status report request from printer

  Cursor position raport (Response to request cursor position)
    Esc  [ <n1> ; <n2> R
    033 133    073    122
  Request terminal to identify itself (esc Z may not be supported in future)
    Esc  [   c
    033 133 143
    Esc  [   0   c
    033 133 060 143
    Esc  Z
    033 132
  Response to terminal identify (VT102)
    Esc  [   ?   6   c
    033 133 077 066 143


Reset to initial state
  Esc  c
  033 143


Tests
  Invoke confidence test
    Esc  [   2   ; <n> y
    033 133 062 073   171

  Where <n> is
     '1'= Power-up test
     '2'= Data loopback test
     '4'= EIA loopback test
     '9'= Power-up tests (continuously)
    '10'= Data loopback tests (continuously)
    '12'= EIA loopback tests (continuously)
    '16'= Printer loopback test
    '24'= Printer loopback tests (continuously)


Screen adjustments
  Esc  #   8
  033 043 070


Keyboard indicator
  Led L1 off
    Esc  [   0   q
    033 133 060 181
  Led L1 on
    Esc  [   1   q
    033 133 061 181



VT52 sequences
  Ansi mode
    Esc  <
    033 074
  Cursor positioning
    Up    Esc  A
          033 101
    Down  Esc  B
          033 102
    Right Esc  C
          033 103
    Left  Esc  D
          033 104
    Home  Esc  H
          033 110
    Direct cursor address
      Esc  Y  <line+040> <columns+040>
      033 131
    Reverse linefeed       Esc  I
                           033 111
    Erase to end of line   Esc  K
                           033 113
    Erase to end of screen Esc  J
                           033 112
    Auto print on          Esc  ^
                           033 136
    Auto print off         Esc
                           033 137
    Printer controller on  Esc  W
                           033 127
    Printer controller off Esc  X
                           033 130
    Print cursor line      Esc  V
                           033 135
    Print screen           Esc  ]
                           033 135
    Indentify request      Esc  Z
                           033 132
    Response to indetify   Esc  /   Z
     request (VT52)        033 057 132
    Special charset (same  Esc  F
     as line draw in VT102 033 106
    Normal char set        Esc  G
                           033 107


Control characters
  000 = Null (fill character)
  003 = ETX (Can be selected half-duplex turnaround char)
  004 = EOT (Can be turnaround or disconnect char, if turn, then DLE-EOT=disc.)
  005 = ENQ (Transmits answerback message)
  007 = BEL (Generates bell tone)
  010 = BS  (Moves cursor left)
  011 = HT  (Moves cursor to next tab)
  012 = LF  (Linefeed or New line operation)
  013 = VT  (Processed as LF)
  014 = FF  (Processed as LF, can be selected turnaround char)
  015 = CR  (Moves cursor to left margin, can be turnaround char)
  016 = SO  (Selects G1 charset)
  017 = SI  (Selects G0 charset)
  021 = DC1 (XON, causes terminal to continue transmit)
  023 = DC3 (XOFF, causes terminal to stop transmitting)
  030 = CAN (Cancels escape sequence)
  032 = SUB (Processed as CAN)
  033 = ESC (Processed as sequence indicator)

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VT102 Key Support

^[ refers to the ESC character (ascii(27)

^[[H         Home               ^[[L         ^Home
^[[Or        PgUp               ^[[M         ^PgUp
^[[Oq        PgDn               ^[[H^[[2J    ^PgDn
^[[K         End                ^[[U         ^End

^[OC         Right Arrow        ^[F          ^Right Arrow
^[OD         Left Arrow         ^[B          ^Left Arrow
^[OA         Up Arrow
^[OB         Down Arrow

^[On         Insert             ^H           Backspace
ascii(127)   Delete             ^[D          ^Backspace

^[OP         F1  (PF1)
^[OQ         F2  (PF2)
^[OR         F3  (PF3)
^[OS         F4  (PF4)

Keypad

          ^[Ol ^[Om       / * -
^[Ow ^[Ox ^[Oy          7 8 9 +
^[Ot ^[Ou ^[Ov ^[OM     4 5 6 Enter
^[Oq ^[Or ^[Os          1 2 3
^[Op ^[On                 0 .

VT220 Key Support

vt220 is the same as vt102, with the following changes:


ascii(254)  ^[[17^~   ^[[18^~   ^[[19^~  F5 (Break) F6 F7 F8
^[[20^~     ^[[21^~   ^[[23^~   ^[[24^~  F9  F10 F11 F12
^[[25^~     ^[[26^~   ^[[28^~   ^[[29^~  F13 F14 F15 (Help) F16 (Do)
^[[31^~     ^[[32^~   ^[[33^~   ^[[34^~  F12 F17 F18 F19 F20

^[[1^~   Home
^[[2^~   Insert
^[[3^~   Delete
^[[4^~   End    -> Select
^[[5^~   PgUp   -> Prev screen
^[[6^~   PgDn   -> Next screen

There are also enhanced display functions of the VT220 terminal
for which documentation has not been found as yet.

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ANSI Commands
~~~~~~~~~~~~~

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
NOTE:
The following is an _edited_ dump of the on-line 4DOS Help on ANSI commands.
Much of it applies to the vt-term codes (eg, vt100, vt102, vt220), while some
may be specific to dos.  Experimentation is needed.
Key substitutions, for instance, are very dos specific (as far as I am aware).
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

An ANSI command string consists of three parts:

     ESC[         The ASCII character ESC, followed by a left bracket.
                  These two characters must be present in all ANSI
                  strings.

     parameters   Optional parameters for the command.  If there are
                  multiple parameters they are separated by semicolons.

     cmd          A single-letter command.  The case of the letter is
                  meaningful.

For example, to position the cursor to row 7, column 12 the ANSI command is:

          ESC[7;12H

The ESC character is ASCII 27, and can be inserted into text by
literally entering it into text with an editor.  Consult the documtation for
your editor on how to do this.

The ANSI commands need to be echo'ed or typed / cat'ed to the screen directly
for them to take effect.

Commands

     Command        Description
     ------------------  --------------------------------------------------
     ESC[rowsA           Cursor up
     ESC[rowsB           Cursor down
     ESC[colsC           Cursor right
     ESC[colsD           Cursor left
     ESC[row;colH        Set cursor position (top left is row 1, column 1)
     ESC[2J              Clear screen
     ESC[K               Clear from cursor to end of line
     ESC[row;colf        Set cursor position, same as "H" command
     ESC[=modeh          Set display mode; see table of mode values below
     ESC[=model          Set display mode; see table of mode values below
     ESC[attr;attr;..m   Set display attributes; see table of attribute
                         values below
     ESC[key;string;..p  Substitute "string" for the specified key; see
                         key substitutions section below.
     ESC[s               Save cursor position (may not be nested)
     ESC[u               Restore cursor position after a save

Display Attributes

     Attribute Description
     --------- ---------------------------------------------------
     0         All attributes off (normal white on black)
     1         High intensity (bold)
     2         Normal intensity
     4         Underline (usually effective only on monochrome displays)
     5         Blinking
     7         Reverse Video
     8         Invisible
     30-37     Set the foreground color:
                    30=Black   31=Red       32=Green   33=Yellow
                    34=Blue    35=Magenta   36=Cyan    37=White
     40-47     Set the background color:
                    40=Black   41=Red       42=Green   43=Yellow
                    44=Blue    45=Magenta   46=Cyan    47=White

Settings are cumulative, so (for example) to set bright red foreground set
all attributes off, then set red, then bold:  echo _[0;31;1m.

Display Modes

     Mode   Description
     ----   ---------------------------------------------------
     0      Text 40x25 monochrome
     1      Text 40x25 color
     2      Text 80x25 monochrome
     3      Text 80x25 color
     4      Graphics 320x200 4-color
     5      Graphics 320x200 4-color
     6      Graphics 640x200 2-color
     7      (cursor wrap kludge)

Mode 7 is an unfortunate kludge; Setting mode 7 with an "h" command tells
ANSI to wrap text to the next line when it passes the end of a line; setting
mode 7 with an "l" (lower-case L) command tells ANSI not to wrap text.  For
all other modes the "h" and "l" commands are equivalent.

Key Substitutions

The key substitutions ("p") command causes ANSI to substitute the text in
"string" when the specified key is pressed.  The key code can be a single
character in quotes, a numeric ASCII value, or an extended code for a non
ASCII key (e.g. function or cursor keys) in the form 0;n, where n is the
scan code for the key.

The string to be substituted can be a single character or character string
in quotes, a numeric ASCII value, or an extended key code.

To clear a key substitution, "substitute" the original key for itself.



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========8<----insert-crowbar-here------------------------------

Some references:

"VT100 User's Guide", 2nd ed., Jan 1979, DEC # EK-VT100-UG
"Rainbow 100+/100B Terminal Emulation Manual", June 1984, DEC # QV069-GZ
"Installing and Using The VT320 Video Terminal", June 1987,
   DEC # EK-VT320-UU-001
"VT320 Programmer Reference Manual", July 1987, DEC # EK-VT320-RM-001
"VT330/340 Programmer Ref Manual", 2nd ed, May 1988,
   Vol 1: Text programming DEC # EK-VT3XX-TP-002
   Vol 2: Graphics programming DEC # EK-VT3XX-GP-002

This is from The MS-DOS Kermit internal documentation.

This documentation gives a basic description of the vt330/340
codes, and hasn't been included here (yet).

("Be aware that the manuals have plenty of mistakes and tell
only part of the story.")

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========8<----insert-crowbar-here------------------------------

Cheers
Tony
  _____________________________________________________________________
 /_ \ Tony Nugent  Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia\___
 \@)_\     Email:  T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au   tnugent@gucis.cit.gu.edu.au \(@\
      \__________________________________________________________________\_/