Subj : Wx Terms (S)(1) To : All From : Daryl Stout Date : Tue Jun 20 2017 12:08 am S 1) South or 2) Snow S-Band Radar These were in use as network radars in the National Weather Service prior to the installation of the WSR 88-D radars. They were 10-centimeter wavelength radars. S/W Shortwave - a disturbance in the mid or upper part of the atmosphere which induces upward motion ahead of it. If other conditions are favorable, the upward motion can contribute to thunderstorm development ahead of a shortwave. S/WV Shortwave - a disturbance in the mid or upper part of the atmosphere which induces upward motion ahead of it. If other conditions are favorable, the upward motion can contribute to thunderstorm development ahead of a shortwave. SafetyNET Inmarsat-C SafetyNET is an internationally adopted, automated satellite system for promulgating weather forecasts and warnings, marine navigational warnings and other safety related information to all types vessels and is part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS). Saffir-Simpson Scale This scale was developed in an effort to estimate the possible damage a hurricane's sustained winds and storm surge could do to a coastal area. The scale of numbers are based on actual conditions at some time during the life of the storm. As the hurricane intensifies or weakens, the scale number is reassessed accordingly. The following table shows the scale broken down by category, central pressure, winds, and storm surge: Cat. Cntrl Pres. (mb) Wind (mph) Storm Surge (ft.) Damage 1 980 or > 74 - 95 4 - 5 Minimal 2 965 - 979 96 - 110 6 - 8 Moderate 3 945 - 964 111 - 130 9 - 12 Extensive 4 920 - 944 131 - 155 13 - 18 Extreme 5 < 920 > 155 > 18 Catastrophic Salinity (SAL) In oceanography, conductivity is measured and converted to salinity by a known functional relationship between the measured electrical conductivity of seawater temperature and pressure. SAME (Specific Area Message Encoding) - A tone alert system which allows NOAA Weather Radio receivers equipped with the SAME feature to sound an alert for only certain weather conditions or within a limited geographic area such as a county. SAMEX Storm and Mesoscale Ensemble Experiment Sampling Frequency The rate at which sensor data is read or sampled. Sandstorm Particles of sand carried aloft by strong wind. The sand particles are mostly confined to the lowest ten feet, and rarely rise more than fifty feet above the ground. Santa Ana Wind In southern California, a weather condition in which strong, hot, dust-bearing winds descend to the Pacific Coast around Los Angeles from inland desert regions. Sastrugi Ridges of snow formed on a snow field by the action of the wind. SAT 1. Satellite (imagery) 2. Saturday Satellite Hydrology Program A NOHRSC program that uses satellite data to generate areal extent of snow cover data over large areas of the western United States. SATL Satellite Saturation Vapor Pressure The vapor pressure of a system, at a given temperature, wherein the vapor of a substance is in equilibrium with a plane surface of that substance's pure liquid or solid phase. SAWRS Supplementary Aviation Reporting Station - the SAWRS program addresses the concerns of users who depend on weather observations for air operations. If the cooperator is collocated with a commissioned automated system, they ensure continuity during outage periods of the automated system. The requirement for a SAWRS arises from the FAA validated need for observations to satisfy FAR 121 or 135 operations or for the safe conduct of other aircraft. SBCAPE Surface Based CAPE; CAPE calculated using a Surface based parcel. SBND Southbound SBSD Subside SC Stratocumulus SCA Small Craft Advisory Scattered Precipitation descriptor: Areal coverage of convective weather affecting 30 percent to 50 percent of a forecast zone (s). Sky coverage descriptor : A sky coverage of 1/8 through 4/8. In U.S. weather observing procedures, this is reported with the contraction SCT. Scattering The process in which a beam of light is diffused or deflected by collisions with particles suspended in the atmosphere. SCT Scattered Scud Small, ragged, low cloud fragments that are unattached to a larger cloud base and often seen with and behind cold fronts and thunderstorm gust fronts. Such clouds generally are associated with cool moist air, such as thunderstorm outflow. SE Southeast Sea Breeze A thermally produced wind blowing during the day from a cool ocean surface onto the adjoining warm land, caused by the difference in the rates of heating of the surfaces of the ocean and of the land. Sea Breeze Convergence Zone The zone at the leading edge of a sea breeze where winds converge. The incoming air rises in this zone, often producing convective clouds. Sea Breeze Front The leading edge of a sea breeze, whose passage is often accompanied by showers, a wind shift, or a sudden drop in temperature. Sea Fog Common advection fog caused by transport of moist air over a cold body of water. Sea Ice Any form of ice found at sea which has originated from the freezing of sea water (sea ice does NOT include superstructure icing). Ice formed from the freezing of the waters of the Great Lakes will be considered the same as sea ice. Sea Level Pressure The sea level pressure is the atmospheric pressure at sea level at a given location. When observed at a reporting station that is not at sea level (nearly all stations), it is a correction of the station pressure to sea level. This correction takes into account the standard variation of pressure with height and the influence of temperature variations with height on the pressure. The temperature used in the sea level correction is a twelve hour mean, eliminating diurnal effects. Once calculated, horizontal variations of sea level pressure may be compared for location of high and low pressure areas and fronts. Sea Surface Temperatures The term refers to the mean temperature of the ocean in the upper few meters. Seas The combination of both wind waves and swell. Used to describe the combination or interaction of wind waves and swell in which the separate components are not distinguished. This includes the case when swell is negligible or is not considered in describing sea state. Specifically, Seas2 = S2+W2 where S is the height of the swell and W is the height of the wind wave. When used, Seas should be considered as being the same as the Significant Wave Height. Second-Day Feet In hydrologic terms, the volume of water represented by a flow of one cubic foot per second for 24 hours; equal to 86,400 cubic feet. This is used extensively as a unit of runoff volume. Often abbreviated as SDF. Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards Air quality standards designed to protect human welfare, including the effects on vegetation and fauna, visibility and structures. --- þ Synchronet þ The Thunderbolt BBS - wx1der.dyndns.org .