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True Left
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com
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(DIR) Return to: Colonial Era
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#Post#: 2214--------------------------------------------------
Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: guest5 Date: November 14, 2020, 5:55 pm
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Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
[quote]Russia should be counted among the European colonial
empires—and as the only one left standing. That’s the key to
comprehending its future.[/quote]
(HTM) https://www.the-american-interest.com/2017/06/29/russia-last-colonial-empire/
Empire of the steppe: Russia's colonial experience on the
Eurasian frontier
[quote]Historian Michael Khodarkovsky offered insight into
Russia's colonial rule in the Eurasian steppe and its
implications for the current crisis in Ukraine during a Eurasian
Empires and Central Asian Peoples seminar.[/quote][quote] “In
many ways,” Khodarkovsky contended, “Russia continues to be an
‘Empire of the Steppe’: an empire that is bitter about losing in
1991 what it considers its territories, and is now trying to
restore under the slogan of the Eurasian Union."[/quote]
[quote]Continental or colonial?
Russia is a colonial empire that has “persistently denied its
colonial nature,” Khodarkovsky explained. He noted that in the
mid-16th century, while Spain and Portugal were exploring and
conquering the New World, Russia was embarking on its own
imperialistic mission along the soft borders of the steppe, a
huge swathe of land that runs roughly from Eastern Europe in the
west through Central Asia to Mongolia and China in the east.
Both Russian and foreign scholars have frequently disagreed
about whether Russia’s policies in the Caucasus, Central Asia,
Siberia and Asia can be considered colonial. Many scholars
contend that Russia cannot be classified as a colonial empire
because it expanded only within its own continent. Khodarkovsky,
however, argued that Russia should be conceptualized as a
“hybrid empire” because its expansion was both continental and
colonial in nature.
While comparisons between Russia and the West are inevitable,
Khodarkovsky claimed that traditional Russian scholars and
policy makers have been quick to differentiate the Russian
experience in the steppe and Western colonialism in non-European
states. “Similarities with the West were welcome,” he observed,
“as long as they confirmed Russia’s equal greatness.”
Traditionally, Russia has maintained that it came together as a
country through peaceful and voluntary unification, instead of
the violent means employed by European empires.
Unlike Europe’s colonization of the New World, which resulted in
bloody wars of independence and ultimately the expulsion of
Spain, Portugal, France, and England from the Americas, many
Russian historians have argued that Russia’s control of
conquered territory resulted from a policy of “unite and rule.”
These nuanced differences, said Khodarkovsky, give Russia
grounds to deny the country’s imperialistic tendencies.
The speaker argued that Russian history can indeed be classified
as an imperial if one defines the main characteristic of
colonialism as an unbalanced relationship between Christian
conquerors and the non-Christian subjects of their civilizing
mission. He added that the Russian empire was adept at using
local elites in the lands it conquered to promote its imperial
agenda long before the British attempted to do the same in
India.
Although Russia refused to define its own expansion as colonial,
Khodarkovsky said it learned from, expanded upon and sometimes
imitated the colonial experiences of its European counterparts.
And although the USSR initially identified Russia as an imperial
power, this criticism was soon muted.[/quote]
(HTM) https://www.international.ucla.edu/euro/article/139315
See also:
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/enemies/duginism/
#Post#: 2217--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: 90sRetroFan Date: November 14, 2020, 10:27 pm
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See also:
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/colonial-era/alaska/
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/colonial-era/sakhalin/
#Post#: 5125--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: 90sRetroFan Date: March 27, 2021, 11:42 pm
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For reference:
(HTM) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Russia_1533-1896.gif/800px-Russia_1533-1896.gif
NEVER FORGIVE. NEVER FORGET.
[img]
(HTM) https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/8BK5l_0MLei3WNmJRf2wxOh44-8ELZv6gG1SDMkzuk3A1s2x8nduRa3XBPo1ZE8tUE_j22NrpPaXyQBRk3iExNZGZ_fLrC8LiIgx6pu8qp6nmcRMYq0[/img]
#Post#: 7661--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: 90sRetroFan Date: July 22, 2021, 9:52 pm
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To elaborate on the point posted here:
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/questions-debates/aryanism's-hostility-towards-russia-and-eastern-european-people/msg7650/#msg7650
[quote]"absorbing people of conquered territories to be part of
Russian people"
Like this?
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/colonial-era/sakhalin/
[quote]In October 1946 the Soviets began to repatriate all
remaining Japanese.[citation needed] By 1950 most had been sent,
willing or not, to Hokkaidō, though they had to leave all
of their possessions behind, including any currency they had,
Russian or Japanese.[/quote]
Or like this?
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/colonial-era/alaska/
[quote]the Russian promyshlenniki forced the Aleuts to do
the work for them, often by taking hostage family-members in
exchange for hunted seal-furs.[5] This pattern of colonial
exploitation resembled some of the Russian promyshlenniki
practices in their expansion into Siberia and the Russian Far
East.[6] As word spread of the potential riches in furs,
competition among Russian companies increased and the Aleuts
were enslaved.
...
Hostages were taken, families were split up, and individuals
were forced to leave their villages and settle elsewhere.
...
As the Shelekhov-Golikov Company of 1783-1799 developed a
monopoly, its use of skirmishes and violent incidents turned
into systematic violence as a tool of colonial exploitation of
the indigenous people.[/quote]
Or like this?
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forced_settlements_in_the_Soviet_Union#Iranians_and_Assyrians
[quote]in 1950 all Iranians, with the exception of persons
of Armenian ethnicity, were resettled from Georgia, a population
of some 4,776 persons, and in the same year thousands of
Christian ethnic Assyrians were deported from Armenia and
Georgia to Kazakhstan.[7][/quote]
Or like this?
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_racism_in_Russia#Effects_on_Indigenous_groups_in_Russia
[quote]The dispossession of Indigenous peoples from their
lands throughout Russia for natural resource extraction has a
long historical context of racism.[3]:44 According to Indigenous
studies scholar Aileen Espiritu, "As non-European peoples, the
Khanty, Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets were seen as inferior races by
the Russians, and were therefore exploited for their goods and
resources.[/quote]
Or like this?
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deportation_of_Chinese_in_the_Soviet_Union
[quote]By the 1940s, Chinese had become almost extinct in
the Russian Far East, although there were more than 200
thousands Chinese before the October Revolution in 1921.[1][2]
The detailed history of how the Chinese became distinct still
needs to be uncovered and deciphered from the Soviet records.[2]
As local East Asians were forced to leave, Europeans were also
forced to migrate to the Far East from Europe and Siberia, and
eventually became dominant in the local population.[3][/quote]
"you just making it up to vilify Russia"
Jews say I am just making it up to vilify Israel. I don't take
them seriously either.[/quote]
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deportation_of_Chinese_in_the_Soviet_Union
[quote]By the 1940s, Chinese had become almost extinct in the
Russian Far East, although there were more than 200 thousands
Chinese before the October Revolution in 1921.[1][2] The
detailed history of how the Chinese became distinct still needs
to be uncovered and deciphered from the Soviet records.[2] As
local East Asians were forced to leave, Europeans were also
forced to migrate to the Far East from Europe and Siberia, and
eventually became dominant in the local population.[3]
...
In the Russian Far East, the repression against ethnic Chinese
began early before the Great Purge. As the October Revolution
evoked the Russian Civil War, ethnic Chinese were discriminated
against and repressed by multiple parties in the war. According
to Chinese diplomatic documents, ethnic Chinese (including
civilians) who were captured by the White Army were executed and
their bodies displayed in public as an act of intimidation.
Chinese males were often rounded up and summarily executed by
being shot or bayoneted. The Red Army was arguably even worse.
Undisciplined Red Army soldiers looted and burned ethnic Chinese
villages and towns, raping women, killing at random, imprisoning
and torturing military aged males and interning women/children.
...
When the Chinese were leaving the Soviet Union, they would need
to pay an extra 14-ruble outbound fee and to be checked nakedly.
Remittance of the Chinese was restricted. Extra taxation,
including that of business license, business, income, profits,
private debts, docks, poverty, school, etc., was assigned to the
Chinese and their properties.
...
In 1926, People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs resolved to
use any means to stop Chinese and Koreans migrating into Soviet
territory, as they were regarded to cause danger to the Soviet
Union. Koreans began to be relocated from the Far East, while
measures were taken to "squeeze out" the Chinese from the border
area.[12]:116–117
In 1928, Arsenyev Mikhail Mikhailovich
(Арсеньев
Михаил
Михайлови&
#1095;),
Staff Colonel of Red Army Headquarter, submitted a report to Far
Eastern Commission, advising that free migration from China and
Korea in the areas bordering the countries should be stopped and
that the area should be filled with migrants from Siberia and
Europe instead.[2][12]
...
When they were to leave Russia, any Chinese to cross the border
with more than 30 rubles in cash will need to pay the surplus to
the authority. 1,000 rubles in cash to cross the border would
make them arrested, with all the money confiscated.[19]:30
The Chinese were massively detained according to the
Shanghai-based newspaper Shen Bao. on 24 July 1929, the
newspaper said, "around a thousand Chinese who lived in
Vladivostok were detained by the Soviet authority. They were all
said to be bourgeoisie."[22] On 12 August, the newspaper stated
that there were still 1,600-1,700 Chinese in jail in
Vladivostok, and that each of them was provided with a piece of
rye bread daily and underwent various tortures.[23] On 26
August, the newspaper continued that the detained Chinese in
Khabarovsk only had a bread soup for meal daily, among which a
lot of people had hanged them due to unbearable starvation.[24]
On 14 September, the newspaper stated that another thousand of
Chinese in Vladivostok were arrested, with almost no Chinese
remaining in the city.[25] On 15 September, the newspaper
continued that Vladivostok had arrested more than 1,000 Chinese
during 8 and 9 September and that there were estimated to be
more than 7,000 Chinese in jail in the city.[26] On 21
September, the newspaper said, "the Government in the Russian
Far East cheated the arrested Chinese, and forced them to
construct the railway between Heihe and Khabarovsk. The forced
workers only had two pieces of rye bread to eat daily. If they
worked with any delay, they would be whipped, making them at the
edge of living and dead."[27][19]:31
...
On 10 November, the Republic of China Consulate in Chita
reported to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Soviet was
migrating 30,000 Europeans to Siberia and the Far East monthly
to strengthen defence and economic construction in the region,
and that to save space for the European migrants and to avoid
Chinese or Korean collusion with Japan and Manchukuo, the policy
to remove Koreans and Chinese was enforced.[30]
...
Millionka, where there lived populous Chinese, was once
destroyed in 1936 and rebuilt by Chinese migrants. On that
night, shootouts broke out in the neighborhood, killing 7
Soviets and 434 Chinese.[33]:174 The Soviet Government spent 7
months to reconstruct the whole neighborhood after the conflict.
Russian historian Oleg Khlevnyuk describes the night as "a
racial massacre based on narrow Russian nationalism in the name
of socialism".[33]:175 Corpses of the Chinese victims in
Millionka were re-discovered on 8 June 2010.[36]
On 29 December, Primorsky Krai launched a purge against the
Chinese, leading to 853 arrests according to the Krai
Governmental records.[37] The Republic of China consulates in
Khabarovsk and Blagoveshchensk reported more than 200 and 100
Chinese arrested respectively.[7] During 12–13 January 1938,
another 20 and more Chinese were reportedly arrested in
Blagoveshchensk.[7]
...
On 14th, the Chinese Consulate in Vladivostok reported to the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, "the Soviet robbed everything,
especially money and possessions; if they are hidden somewhere,
the Chinese would be extorted by tortures, numerous people
killed by such detention, which was miserable and harsh to an
extreme."[41] On 17th, the Chinese Consulate in Khabarovsk
protested against the tortures during interrogation, calling for
Soviet release of the Chinese. On 19th, the Central Daily News
again protested against the Soviet abuse of the Chinese.[42] On
21st, Hong Kong-based Kung Sheung Daily News re-posted a
Japanese coverage of the Soviet brutality against the Chinese,
to express its outrage against the deeds of the Soviet
Union.[43] On 22nd, the Chinese Consulate in Khabarovsk reported
another hundred of innocent Chinese arrested during the previous
night by NKVD and that it was heard previously arrested Chinese
were forced to work in those remote, cold areas.[44] On 2 March,
the Chinese Consulate in Vladivostok reported, "the Soviet
authority searched for the Chinese day and night, arresting the
Chinese even when they were at work. The Soviet was so
aggressive that there was no space for any concession. The deeds
were as brutal as the exclusion of China in 1900, during which
many were drowned in the Heilongjiang River. Recalling the
miserable history makes people tremble with fear."[45]
After times of massive arrests, there were only more than a
thousand Chinese in Vladivostok. The Soviet authority stopped
the search and arrest for a month. After the Chinese sheltered
by the Chinese Consulate all left the consulate, the Soviet
authority restarted to search and seize the Chinese. As the
Soviet had established tremendous checkpoints around the Chinese
Consulate, the Chinese were unable to return to the consulate
for help, which made almost all the Chinese in Vladivostok
arrested.[46][47] The second and third massive
search-and-seizure operation arrested 2,005 and 3,082 Chinese
respectively. On 7 May, the Chinese Consulate in Vladivostok
reported 7 to 8 thousand Chinese in total under detention. Local
prisons were filled by the Chinese, which, added by tortures
during interrogation, often caused deaths.[48][/quote]
And it wasn't just a Soviet practice either. Earlier:
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1900_Amur_anti-Chinese_pogroms
[quote]Sixty-Four Villages East of the River
Lieutenant-General Konstantin Nikolaevich Gribskiy ordered the
expulsion of all Qing subjects who remained north of the
river.[4] This included the residents of the villages, and
Chinese traders and workers who lived in Blagoveshchensk proper,
where they numbered anywhere between one-sixth and one-half of
the local population of 30,000.[4][5] They were taken by the
local police and driven into the river to be drowned. Those who
could swim were shot by the Russian forces.[6][/quote]
NEVER FORGIVE. NEVER FORGET.
#Post#: 8566--------------------------------------------------
Re: Duginism
By: Dazhbog Date: September 3, 2021, 6:24 am
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Daily reminder that Duginism is not merely a recent phenomenon:
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War#Pre-war_negotiations
[quote]The 1890s and 1900s marked the height of the "Yellow
Peril" propaganda by the German government, and the German
Emperor Wilhelm II (r. 1888–1918) often wrote letters to his
cousin Emperor Nicholas II of Russia, praising him as the
"saviour of the white race" and urging Russia forward in
Asia.[/quote]
Nowadays, this label is applied to Putin.
[quote]From November 1894 onward, Wilhelm had been writing
letters praising Nicholas as Europe's defender from the "Yellow
Peril", assuring the Tsar that God Himself had "chosen" Russia
to defend Europe from the alleged Asian threat.[/quote]
Nowadays, WNs praise Russia (as well as other
Turandom-countries) as "defenders" against the "Islamic threat".
Then there is this:
[quote]Wilhelm had written to Nicholas stating that the question
of Russian interests in Manchuria and Korea was beside the
point, saying instead it was a matter of Russia "undertaking the
protection and defence of the White Race, and with it, Christian
civilization, against the Yellow Race. And whatever the Japs are
determined to ensure the domination of the Yellow Race in East
Asia, to put themselves at its head and organise and lead it
into battle against the White Race. That is the kernel of the
situation, and therefore there can be very little doubt about
where the sympathies of all half-way intelligent Europeans
should lie. England betrayed Europe's interests to America in a
cowardly and shameful way over the Panama Canal question, so as
to be left in 'peace' by the Yankees. Will the 'Tsar' likewise
betray the interests of the White Race to the Yellow as to be
'left in peace' and not embarrass the Hague tribunal too
much?"[/quote]
Nowadays, WNs (contrary to Hitler) increasingly engage in the
same kind of anglophobia, which also forms their common factor
with non-"white" Duginists like kameradbaren:
(HTM) https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/the-eternal-anglo
[img width=1280
height=445]
(HTM) https://i.kym-cdn.com/photos/images/original/001/649/009/8d7.jpeg[/img]
(In addition, note how the subtitle below the "Eternal Anglo"
uses a typeface typically found in video games from the
counterculture era, whereas the subtitle below the "White
Europeans" uses a blackletter typeface banned by National
Socialist Germany in 1941!)
Of course, just like nowadays WN-ism, the sentiments expressed
by colonial era-Germany's ridiculous "Kaiser" also had their
echo within Russia itself:
[quote]Nicholas held the Japanese in contempt as "yellow
monkeys", and he took for granted that the Japanese would simply
yield in the face of Russia's superior power, which thus
explains his unwillingness to compromise.[/quote]
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Solovyov_(philosopher)#Life_and_work
[quote]Solovyov's attempts to chart a course of civilization's
progress toward an East-West Christian ecumenicism developed an
increasing bias against Asian cultures which he initially
studied with great interest.
...
Solovyov spent his final years obsessed with fear of the "Yellow
Peril", warning that soon the Asian peoples, especially the
Chinese, would invade and destroy Russia. Solovyov further
elaborated in his apocalyptic short story "Tale of the
Antichrist" published in the Nedelya newspaper on February 27,
1900, in which China and Japan join forces to conquer Russia.
His 1894 poem Pan-Mongolism, whose opening lines serve as
epigraph to the story, was widely seen as predicting the coming
Russo-Japanese War.[/quote]
So when will China and Japan finally join forces and realize
Solovyov's vision?
Also worthy of note:
[quote]He dismissed the Buddhist concept of Nirvana as a
pessimistic nihilistic "nothingness" which was antithetical to
salvation, no better than Gnostic dualism.[/quote]
[quote]As an active member of Society for the Promotion of
Culture Among the Jews of Russia, he spoke Hebrew and struggled
to reconcile Judaism and Christianity. Politically, he became
renowned as the leading defender of Jewish civil rights in
tsarist Russia in the 1880s. Solovyov also advocated for his
cause internationally and published a letter in The London Times
pleading for international support for his struggle. The Jewish
Encyclopedia describes him as "a friend of the Jews" and states
that "Even on his death-bed he is said to have prayed for the
Jewish people".[/quote]
The link between Duginism, anti-Gnosticism and
Judeo-Christianity laid bare in one person!
#Post#: 8568--------------------------------------------------
Re: Re: Duginism
By: guest55 Date: September 3, 2021, 4:10 pm
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Starting to wonder if vodka has anything to with the fact that
so many Russians and Russophiles seem to have such terrible
reading comprehension?
#Post#: 8620--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: 90sRetroFan Date: September 7, 2021, 5:27 am
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"So when will China and Japan finally join forces and realize
Solovyov's vision?"
Let's not hold our breaths:
(HTM) https://us.yahoo.com/news/kyoto-themed-shopping-street-china-071824978.html
[quote]A Kyoto-themed shopping street in China was forced to
shut down after social media users accused it of being a form of
'Japanese occupation' and 'cultural invasion'[/quote]
On the other hand:
(HTM) https://www.the-sun.com/uncategorized/1659756/china-fake-copy-france/
[img]
(HTM) https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/KH-COMPOSITE-CHINA-FRANCE-2.jpg?strip=all&w=960[/img]
[img]
(HTM) https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/KH-COMPOSITE-CHINA-FRANCE-4.jpg?strip=all&w=960[/img]
[img]
(HTM) https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/KH-COMPOSITE-CHINA-FRANCE-3.jpg?strip=all&w=960[/img]
[img]
(HTM) https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/KH-COMPOSITE-CHINA-FRANCE-7.jpg?strip=all&w=960[/img]
[img]
(HTM) https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/KH-COMPOSITE-CHINA-FRANCE-8.jpg?strip=all&w=960[/img]
(HTM) https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/01/chinas-fake-european-cities-have-been-transformed-into-something-much-more-interesting.html
[img]
(HTM) https://compote.slate.com/images/a42159a9-319e-4b0a-bfba-c2126469439f.jpeg?width=1280&rect=1560x1040&offset=0x0[/img]
[img]
(HTM) https://compote.slate.com/images/e5a57ad9-8b34-4e06-8f96-9414732f3c0f.jpeg?width=1280&rect=1560x1040&offset=0x0[/img]
[img]
(HTM) https://compote.slate.com/images/d66c8573-3705-4af0-ac0b-c88fed1a51a1.jpeg?width=1280&rect=1560x1040&offset=0x0[/img]
No complaints about these. Why not? (Answer: Eurocentrism.)
China and Japan will only join forces when they remember how
they used to see the West:
(HTM) https://supchina.com/2021/08/11/the-start-of-modern-sino-japanese-relations/
[quote]On July 31, 1862, the Japanese steamship Senzaimaru
arrived at Nagasaki, ending a two-month stay in China. Crewed on
its voyage home by 10 Dutch sailors, the mission of “a handful
of shogunal [government] officials, three merchants and other
officials associated with the Nagasaki Commercial Hall, and a
large number of young samurai attendants whose job description
was never explicitly spelled out,” as historian Joshua Fogel
described them in his book Maiden Voyage, the Senzaimaru was the
first official overseas embassy sent from Japan to China in more
than 300 years.
...
In the 19th century, both China and Japan were grappling with
expanding European maritime power, power that had made their
previous trade policies unsustainable.
...
With this in mind, Japan looked toward the nearby Chinese treaty
ports to see what this new era of international trade might
offer.
The most obvious and promising link to be made was between
Nagasaki and Shanghai. Nagasaki — in the news this week on the
anniversary of the second atomic bombing in 1945 — had been
Japan’s only port open to international trade for centuries, a
role it retained as commerce with the United States and Europe
began to open in the 1850s. Shanghai, quickly emerging as
China’s most cosmopolitan port, was also the closest point on
the Chinese mainland to Nagasaki, just 500 miles away across the
East China Sea.
...
The Japanese observers were also keenly aware of the disparate
situation of Chinese and Westerners in the city. “Although the
harbor is all hustle-bustle, it is due entirely to the large
number of foreign merchant vessels. Within and without the
walled city are numerous foreign commercial houses which are
thus thriving. The places where I have seen Chinese living are
often poor and filthy.” The same samurai who had noted the
port’s prosperity later corrected himself, writing, “Pray, do
not say of Shanghai that this is a flourishing place, For how
much of it is being transported home on barbarian ships?”
...
“The main purpose of the mission of the Senzaimaru was to
observe the Western world in microcosm in Shanghai,” he writes.
“In this way, Shanghai was to serve a double role as microcosm
both of the West and of China.” The Japanese observers came away
from their time in Shanghai repulsed by Western racism and
arrogance. They viewed the exploitation of China as a lesson for
Japan: in particular, the Qing acceptance of Western aid to
fight the Taiping rebels — the Senzaimaru arrived at the height
of the Taiping War — as a deal with the devil that would lead
China to ruin. They were not wrong.[/quote]
#Post#: 8643--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: Dazhbog Date: September 8, 2021, 9:18 am
---------------------------------------------------------
[quote author=90sRetroFan link=topic=270.msg8620#msg8620
date=1631010466]Let's not hold our breaths[/quote]
If you prefer this:
[img]
(HTM) https://compote.slate.com/images/a42159a9-319e-4b0a-bfba-c2126469439f.jpeg?width=1280&rect=1560x1040&offset=0x0[/img]
...over this:
(HTM) https://www.air-golf.com/sites/default/files/article/images/kyoto%20head%20photo.jpg
...you deserve to be treated like this:
(HTM) https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Beheading_of_Leonard_George_Siffleet.jpg/433px-Beheading_of_Leonard_George_Siffleet.jpg
[quote author=90sRetroFan link=topic=270.msg8620#msg8620
date=1631010466]The most obvious and promising link to be made
was between Nagasaki and Shanghai.
...
The Japanese observers were also keenly aware of the disparate
situation of Chinese and Westerners in the city.
...
The Japanese observers came away from their time in Shanghai
repulsed by Western racism and arrogance.[/quote]
Daily reminder that Russians were an integral part of the
Western colonial presence in Shanghai:
(HTM) https://www.rbth.com/arts/2015/09/18/russian_noon_a_look_at_white_emigre_life_in_1930s_shanghai_49337.html
[quote]The first Russians to move to Shanghai were the
wealth-seeking tea merchants who boarded the ferries from
Vladivostok to the Chinese metropolis, which had a large
international settlement, set up after the Qing Dynasty lost the
First Opium War to the British Empire.
...
The Russian community in Shanghai began to grow from 300 in 1906
to more than 10,000 with a decade, as revolutionary winds swept
across Russia.[/quote]
Also, daily reminder that once declared "white", you are always
"white", no matter how low your socioeconomic status and how
much wealthier "whites" look down on you based on that:
[quote]Jinglei Wan, a historian based in Shanghai says the
Russians in the city had a unique position in the race-based
hierarchy in the city. “They enjoyed a status that was higher
than the Chinese [...].
...
“The poorer of the lot even became beggars, burglars and
pick-pockets,” says Wan “When they were caught, they were tried
under Chinese law since they lost extraterritorial protections
when they refused Soviet citizenship.” He adds that the poorer
Russians were an “eyesore” for the Westerners who hated the
sight of destitute drunken Europeans being arrested by the
police.[/quote]
Unfortunately, Eurocentrism was by then already firmly
entrenched in Chinese consciousness, hence why interwar China
never even lifted a finger to liquidate this colonial cesspit.
In fact, it was the Japanese who admirably cleared Shanghai of
Western colonialists:
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_International_Settlement#Japanese_occupy_the_International_Settlement_(1941)
[quote]Anglo-American influence effectively ended after 8
December 1941, when the Imperial Japanese Army entered and
occupied the British and American controlled parts of the city
in the wake of the attack on Pearl Harbor. The British and
Americans troops taken by surprise surrendered without a shot,
with the exception of the only British riverboat in Shanghai,
HMS Peterel, which refused to surrender: six of the 18 British
crew who were on board at the time were killed when the ship was
sunk when the Japanese opened fire at almost point-blank range.
...
European residents of the International Settlement were forced
to wear armbands to differentiate them, were evicted from their
homes, and [...] were liable to maltreatment. All were liable
for punitive punishments, torture and even death during the
period of Japanese occupation. The Japanese sent European and
American citizens to be interned at the Lunghua Civilian
Assembly Center, a work camp on what was then the outskirts of
Shanghai. Survivors of Lunghua were released in August 1945.
Shanghai was notable for a long period as the only place in the
world that unconditionally offered refuge for Jews escaping from
the Nazis. These refugees often lived in squalid conditions in
an area known as the Shanghai Ghetto in Hongkew. On 21 August
1941 the Japanese government closed Hongkew to Jewish
immigration.[/quote]
...and ultimately restored Chinese sovereignty:
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_International_Settlement#Return_to_Chinese_rule
[quote][...] in July 1943, the Japanese retroceded the SMC to
the City Government of Shanghai, which was then in the hands of
the pro-Japanese Wang Jingwei Government.[/quote]
#Post#: 8653--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: 90sRetroFan Date: September 8, 2021, 10:53 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
"If you prefer this:"
The problem is, they really do:
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/issues/decolonized-housing-(america-edition)/msg2003/#msg2003
And worse, False Leftists try to pass it off with insincere
explanations like: "China was closed off from the outside world
during the Mao era, so now they are overcompensating with
interest in foreign styles." Oh yeah? So where is China's Somali
architecture? Where are China's fake Incan cities? Everyone
knows explanations like the above are utter bullshit. Just admit
they are Eurocentrists already!
To be fair, Japan succumbed even earlier:
(HTM) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_architecture#Meiji,_Taish%C5%8D,_and_early_Sh%C5%8Dwa_periods
"Daily reminder that Russians were an integral part of the
Western colonial presence in Shanghai:"
Exactly. See also:
(HTM) https://trueleft.createaforum.com/questions-debates/is-putin's-russia-duginist-autocracy/msg8418/#msg8418
#Post#: 10712--------------------------------------------------
Re: Russia, the Last Colonial Empire
By: guest55 Date: January 20, 2022, 1:28 pm
---------------------------------------------------------
Why the Russian Colonization of the Americas Failed -
DOCUMENTARY
[quote]Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series
on early modern history and economic history continue with a
video on the Russian Colonization of the Americas, as we see how
Russia tried to create colonies in California, Hawaii and Alaska
during the late stage of the age of colonization, and why these
colonization efforts failed.[/quote]
(HTM) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVUbiefgVJQ
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