Title: What is going on in Nix community?
Author: Solène
Date: 27 April 2024
Tags: nix nixos life
Description: In this article, you will find a summary and links about
the current crisis that the Nix community is going through
# Introduction
You may have heard about issues within the Nix/NixOS community, this
blog post will try to help you understand what is going on.
Please note that it is hard to get a grasp of the big picture, it is a
more long term feeling that the project governance was wrong (or
absent?) and people got tired.
This blog posts was written with my knowledge and feelings, I clearly
do not represent the community.
(HTM) Save Nix Together: an open letter to the NixOS foundation
(HTM) Xe blog post: Much ado about nothing
There is a maintainer departure milestone in the Nixpkgs GitHub
project.
(HTM) GitHub milestone 27: Maintainers leaving
# Project structure
First, it is important to understand how the project works.
Nix (and NixOS, but it is not the core of the project), was developed
by Eelco Dolstra early 2000. The project is open source, available on
GitHub and everyone can contribute.
Nix is a tool to handle packaging in a certain way, and it has another
huge repository (top 10 GitHub repo) called nixpkgs that contains all
packages definition. nixpkgs is known to be the most up-to-date
repository and biggest repository of packages, thanks to heavy
automation and a huge community.
The NixOS foundation (that's the name of the entity managing the
project) has a board that steer the project in some direction and
handle questions. First problem is that it is known to be slow to act
and response.
Making huge changes to Nix or Nixpkgs requires making an RFC (Request
For Comment), explaining the rationale behind a change and a consensus
has to be found with others to agree (it is somewhat democratic).
Eelco decided a while ago to introduce a huge change in Nix (called
Flakes) without going through the whole RFC process, this introduced a
lot of tension and criticism because they should have gone through the
process like every other people, and the feature is half-baked but got
some traction and now Nix paradigm was split between two different
modes that are not really compatible.
(HTM) GitHub Pull request to introduce Flakes: Eelco Dolstra mentioning they could merge it as experimental
There are also issues related to some sponsors in the Nix conferences,
like companies related to militaries, but this is better explained in
the links above, so I will not make a recap.
# Company involvement
This point is what made me leave NixOS community. I worked for a
company called Tweag, involved into Nix for a while and paying people
to contribute to Nix and Nixpkgs to improve the user experience for
their client. This made me realize the impact of companies into open
source, and the more I got involved into this, the more I realized that
Nix was mostly driven by companies paying developers to improve the
tool for business.
Paying people to develop features or fixing bug is fine, but when a
huge number of contributors are paid by companies, this lead to poor
decisions and conflicts of interest.
In the current situation, Eelco Dolstra published a blog post to
remember the project is open source and belong to its contributors.
(HTM) Eelco Dolstra blog post
The thing in this blog post, that puzzles me, is that most people at
Determinate Systems (Eelco co-founded company) are deeply involved into
Nix in various way. In this situation, it is complicated for
contributors to separate what they want for the project from what their
employer wants. It is common for nix contributors to contribute with
both hats.
# Conclusion
Unfortunately, I am not really surprised this is happening. When a
huge majority of people spending their free time contributing to a
project they love and that companies relentlessly quiet their voice, it
just can't work.
I hope Nix community will be able to sort this out and keep
contributing to the project they love. This is open source and libre
software, most affected people contribute because they like doing so,
they do not deserve what is happening, but it never came with any
guarantees either.
# Extra: Why did I stop using Nix?
I don't think this deserved a dedicated blog post, so here are some
words.
From my experience, contributing to Nix was complicated. Sometimes,
changes could be committed in minutes, leaving no time for other to
review a change, and sometimes a PR could take months or years because
of nitpicking and maintainer losing faith.
Another reason I stopped using nix was that it is quite easy to get
nixpkgs commit access (I don't have commit access myself, I never
wanted to inflict the nix language to myself), a supply chain attack
would be easy to achieve in my opinion: there are so many commits done
that it is impossible for a trustable group to review everything, and
there are too many contributors to be sure they are all trustable.
# Alternative to Nix/NixOS?
If you do not like Nix/NixOS governance, it could be time to take a
look at Guix, a Nix fork that happened in 2012. It is a much smaller
community than nix, but the tooling, packages set and community is not
at rest.
Guix being a 100% libre software project, it does not target MacOS like
nix, nor it will include/package proprietary software, however for the
second "problem", there is an unofficial repository called guix-nonfree
that contains many packages like firmware and proprietary software,
most users will want to include this repo.
Guix is old school, people exchange over IRC and send git diff over
email, please do not bother them if this is not your cup of tea. On
top of that, Guix uses the programming language Scheme (a Lisp-1
language) and if you want to work with this language, emacs is your
best friend (try geiser mode!).
(HTM) Guix official project webpage