Title: Install OpenBSD in Qubes OS
       Author: Solène
       Date: 03 June 2023
       Tags: qubesos openbsd
       Description: In this article, you will learn how to install OpenBSD as
       a VM in Qubes OS
       
       # Introduction
       
       Here is a short guide explaining how to install OpenBSD in Qubes OS, as
       an HVM VM (fully virtualized, not integrated).
       
       # Get OpenBSD
       
       Download an ISO file to install OpenBSD, do it from an AppVM.  You can
       use the command `cksum -a sha256 install73.iso` in the AppVM to
       generate a checksum to compare with the file `SHA256` to be found in
       the OpenBSD mirror.
       
       # Create a Qube
       
       In the XFCE menu > Qubes Tools > Create Qubes VM GUI, choose a name,
       use the type "StandaloneVM (fully persistent)", use "none" as a
       template and check "Launch settings after creation".
       
       # Configuration
       
       In the "Basic" tab, configure the "system storage max size", that's the
       storage size OpenBSD will see at installation time.  OpenBSD storage
       management is pretty limited, if you add more space later it will be
       complicated to grow partitions, so pick something large enough for your
       task.
       
       Still in the "Basic" tab, you have all the network information, keep
       them later (you can open the Qube settings after the VM booted) to
       configure your OpenBSD.
       
       In "Firewall rules" tab, you can set ... firewall rules that happens at
       Qubes OS level (in the sys-firewall VM).
       
       In the "Devices" tab, you can expose some internal devices to the VM
       (this is useful for networking VMs).
       
       In the "Advanced" tab, choose the memory to use and the number of CPU. 
       In the "Virtualization" square, choose the mode "HVM" (it should
       already be selected).  Finally, click on "Boot qube from CD-ROM" and
       pick the downloaded file by choosing the AppVM where it is stored and
       its path.  The VM will directly boot when you validate.
       
       # Installation
       
       The installation process is straightforward, here is the list (in order
       of appearance) of questions that require a specific answer:
       
       * choose network device xnf0 to configure
       * set the IPv4 address given in the Qube network information
       * set the netmask to 255.0.0.0
       * there is no IPv6 (well, it's possible in Qube but I let you have fun)
       * Default IPv4 route is given in the Qube network information
       * DNS nameservers are the two addresses in the Qube network information
       * Use the disk sd0
       * Format the disk using MBR (Xen doesn't support UEFI it seems)
       * Sets are located in cd0
       
       Whether you reboot or halt the VM, it will be halted, so start it
       again.
       
       # Enjoy
       
       You should get into your working OpenBSD VM with functional network.
       
       Be careful, it doesn't have any specific integration with Qubes OS like
       the clipboard, USB passthrough etc...  However, it's a HVM system, so
       you could give it an USB controller or a dedicated GPU.
       
       # Conclusion
       
       It's perfectly possible to run OpenBSD in Qube OS with very decent
       performance, the setup is straightforward when you know where to look
       for the network information (and that the netmask is /8 and not /32
       like on Linux).