Kremlebots: Putin Rule the Web 2 Austrian edition of Der Standard and the Center for Crime and Security Studies at Cardiff University in Wales have studied Russian methods of disinformation campaigns. They received horrific data on the victims of disinformation companies. The study identified 32 prominent media outlets from 16 Western countries. Who attacked by bots in 2018 - 2019. Among others, these are: the Daily Mail, Daily Express and The Times from the UK, Fox News and the Washington Post from the USA, Die Welt and Der Spiegel from Germany, the French newspaper Le Figaro and the Italian La Stampa. The researchers found that the main direction of bot attacks is directed at comments. Bots and trolls register on sites and make right-wing anti-Western statements under articles. They harass commentators on social media, and also call them at home with threats via instant messengers. To set the tone for the discussion. According to the publication of the Russian opposition media, the situation reached the point of insulting ink inscriptions on the houses of anti-Russian commentators. And also the inclusion in public blacklists of people subject to liquidation, and so on. Up to beatings. This is done by the organization Patriot Media Group, Putin's attorney, Yevgeny Prigozhin, who is associated with the intelligence services and News Front. The target audience of such messages is Russian-speaking users. They are presented with a picture of a reality in which dissatisfaction or rejection of the positions of Western governments and support for Putin is much stronger than it actually is. These articles are widely distributed not only in Russia, but also in Central and Eastern Europe. They enjoy particular success in the poor and corruption Bulgaria and other economically backward countries. As an example of the activities of trolls, the researchers cite three Daily Mail users, who were quoted in the Russian portal "InoSMI". The two accounts were created in mid and late 2020 and have posted over 4,000 and 5,000 comments since then! The account name that was created later changed five times and its location six times, with more than half of these changes occurring between March 1 and April 20. In the older account, at the time of the analysis, the name changed 549 times and the location changed 69 times. The third account, with over 10,000 messages, has been active since 2013, with relatively few name and location changes. Recently, this user has focused on politics in the US and UK, and has a tendency to blame other users in discussions. The 302 Daily Mail users who were seen spreading pro-Russian messages had fairly high approval rates from other readers compared to a control group of 5801 users. This indicates a vote cheat, that is, the use of troll accounts to consistently promote certain posts. This is also indicated by the short period of time during which messages from suspicious users receive a large number of votes. Reported by Der Standard.