https://phys.org/news/2021-06-light-shrinking-material-ordinary-microscope-super.html Phys.org Topics * Week's top * Latest news * Unread news * Subscribe [ ] Science X Account [ ] [ ] [*] Remember me Sign In Click here to sign in with or Forget Password? Not a member? Sign up Learn more * Nanotechnology * Physics * Earth * Astronomy & Space * Technology * Chemistry * Biology * Other Sciences * * share this! * Share * 51 * Share * Email 1. Home 2. Physics 3. General Physics 1. Home 2. Physics 3. Optics & Photonics * * * --------------------------------------------------------------------- June 1, 2021 Light-shrinking material lets ordinary microscope see in super resolution by University of California - San Diego Light-shrinking material lets ordinary microscope see in super resolution The material mounted on the stage of an inverted microscope. Credit: Junxiang Zhao Electrical engineers at the University of California San Diego developed a technology that improves the resolution of an ordinary light microscope so that it can be used to directly observe finer structures and details in living cells. The technology turns a conventional light microscope into what's called a super-resolution microscope. It involves a specially engineered material that shortens the wavelength of light as it illuminates the sample--this shrunken light is what essentially enables the microscope to image in higher resolution. "This material converts low resolution light to high resolution light," said Zhaowei Liu, a professor of electrical and computer engineering at UC San Diego. "It's very simple and easy to use. Just place a sample on the material, then put the whole thing under a normal microscope--no fancy modification needed." The work, which was published in Nature Communications, overcomes a big limitation of conventional light microscopes: low resolution. Light microscopes are useful for imaging live cells, but they cannot be used to see anything smaller. Conventional light microscopes have a resolution limit of 200 nanometers, meaning that any objects closer than this distance will not be observed as separate objects. And while there are more powerful tools out there such as electron microscopes, which have the resolution to see subcellular structures, they cannot be used to image living cells because the samples need to be placed inside a vacuum chamber. Light-shrinking material lets ordinary microscope see in super resolution This light-shrinking material turns a conventional light microscope into a super-resolution microscope. Credit: Junxiang Zhao "The major challenge is finding one technology that has very high resolution and is also safe for live cells," said Liu. The technology that Liu's team developed combines both features. With it, a conventional light microscope can be used to image live subcellular structures with a resolution of up to 40 nanometers. The technology consists of a microscope slide that's coated with a type of light-shrinking material called a hyperbolic metamaterial. It is made up of nanometers-thin alternating layers of silver and silica glass. As light passes through, its wavelengths shorten and scatter to generate a series of random high-resolution speckled patterns. When a sample is mounted on the slide, it gets illuminated in different ways by this series of speckled light patterns. This creates a series of low resolution images, which are all captured and then pieced together by a reconstruction algorithm to produce a high resolution image. Light-shrinking material lets ordinary microscope see in super resolution Comparison of images taken by a light microscope without the hyperbolic metamaterial (left column) and with the hyperbolic metamaterial (right column): two close fluorescent beads (top row), quantum dots (middle row), and actin filaments in Cos-7 cells (bottom row). Credit: Nature Communications The researchers tested their technology with a commercial inverted microscope. They were able to image fine features, such as actin filaments, in fluorescently labeled Cos-7 cells--features that are not clearly discernible using just the microscope itself. The technology also enabled the researchers to clearly distinguish tiny fluorescent beads and quantum dots that were spaced 40 to 80 nanometers apart. [INS::INS] The super resolution technology has great potential for high speed operation, the researchers said. Their goal is to incorporate high speed, super resolution and low phototoxicity in one system for live cell imaging. Light-shrinking material lets ordinary microscope see in super resolution Artistic rendering of the new super resolution microscopy technology. Animal cells (red) are mounted on a slide coated with the multilayer hyperbolic metamaterial. Nanoscale structured light (blue) is generated by the metamaterial and then illuminates the animal cells. Credit: Yeon Ui Lee Liu's team is now expanding the technology to do high resolution imaging in three-dimensional space. This current paper shows that the technology can produce high resolution images in a two-dimensional plane. Liu's team previously published a paper showing that this technology is also capable of imaging with ultra-high axial resolution (about 2 nanometers). They are now working on combining the two together. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Explore further A new light-sheet microscopy unit enables an extended field of view and reduced photodamage --------------------------------------------------------------------- More information: Yeon Ui Lee et al, Metamaterial assisted illumination nanoscopy via random super-resolution speckles, Nature Communications (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21835-8 Journal information: Nature Communications Provided by University of California - San Diego Citation: Light-shrinking material lets ordinary microscope see in super resolution (2021, June 1) retrieved 1 June 2021 from https:// phys.org/news/ 2021-06-light-shrinking-material-ordinary-microscope-super.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. 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