[HN Gopher] Report: Most Americans have no real choice in intern... ___________________________________________________________________ Report: Most Americans have no real choice in internet providers Author : rmason Score : 141 points Date : 2020-08-14 20:26 UTC (2 hours ago) (HTM) web link (ilsr.org) (TXT) w3m dump (ilsr.org) | fireattack wrote: | Questions for the people from areas that _do_ have: do the | different providers have separate infrastructures and facilities | (optical fiber cables, switches, etc.)? | DavidVoid wrote: | I'm not in the US, but the apartment building I live in is | connected to so-called dark fiber that is run by the | municipality. My understanding is that the fiber cables are | provided by the municipality and are then connected to a switch | belonging to the ISP you choose. I can pick between 16 | different ISPs with speeds up to 10 Gbit/s (both down and up). | vinay427 wrote: | My parents' current and previous homes both had two choices. | One was AT&T's fiber option (probably FTTN, not FTTH) and the | other was cable through the local provider. | t3rabytes wrote: | AT&T Fiber is FTTH. | zombielinux wrote: | Typically, you'd have one fiber provider and one cable (coax) | provider. I've never met anyone that has two fiber, or two coax | providers to the same residential address. | just-ok wrote: | In our case they definitely do. We _finally_ had an opportunity | to ditch AT &T's pathetic 3Mbps DSL offering in our area (which | was their _best_ plan...) recently in favor of Comcast's | 200Mbps which was cable-based (so obviously different infra). | Same price, too... | Spooky23 wrote: | In my area, you used to be able to sign up for 2-3 different | cable internet providers on the Time Warner Network. | | I'd bounce between EarthLink and TWC to get new customer | bonuses. EarthLink was cheaper ($25 iirc vs $45 several years | ago) but slower. | wtallis wrote: | Local loop unbundling hasn't been a thing in the US for a long | time, and never applied to cable or fiber to begin with. | Separate ISPs means separate infrastructure. The coax, POTS and | fiber cables in my yard all go to different places. However, a | well-placed backhoe at the nearest major road can probably | still take them all out in one swipe. | oneplane wrote: | We have 3 different media options and 14 different providers. 4 | media options if you'd allow for 3g/4g/5g internet, 56k modem | internet and satellite internet, but I don't count those. | | Differences: | | Media is DOCSIS, DSL or Optical fiber | | Providers have differences in facilities and services, | differences: | | - Plain internet vs. user-selectable filters (i.e. SMTP | protection, SMB protection, content filters at the ISP level) | | - VoIP options | | - IPTV options | | - Connectivity options (i.e. auto failover to LTE or special | managed hardware) | | - Addressing options (single IP, multiple IP, routed subnet if | you want) | | So you might find yourself wanting an all-in-one package over | DOCSIS using the coax cable media, which is a common choice (at | least before fiber rollout). Or you may like very fast internet | in your own control, so you'd take fiber with no bundled stuff. | Costs about the same as the other option. | | Other things like having HD or 4K broadcasts may limit your | choices, not all providers have all channels available in all | formats, and not all kinds of media support all kinds of | bitrates. So for non-cable (non-DOCSIS) you'd not be able to | use 4k with DSL for more than 2 IPTV receivers. | | Some providers come with extra on-site support in the package, | like someone who will set it up, check that it works with your | computer, setup your email if you still have ISP-bound email | for some reason, and do your WiFi with extra access points (no | repeater!) as needed. Others may be cheap and have no default | service like that included and you then have the option to buy | it on-demand at a higher price. | pottertheotter wrote: | Almost always, the answer is yes. The exception is in areas | where the municipality operates an open access network (i.e., | the city installs and owns all the fiber, but multiple ISPs | provide service). Community Networks, which is part of ILSR, | has a list of some of those communities. [1] UTOPIA is perhaps | the most prominent, as it covers several municipalities in | Utah. Snazzy labs recently posted a video discussing their | network. [2] I have family that has UTOPIA and they can choose | from something like 11 ISPs all over the same network. [3] | | [1] https://muninetworks.org/content/open-access | | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2e9DNwInTE4 | | [3] https://www.utopiafiber.com/residential-pricing/ | gz5 wrote: | Regulation does't always spur open competition and often has | unintended consequences. | | Separate the last mile pipe provider/operator (infrastructure) | from the service providers. All service providers compete across | that pipe. Traditional ISPs, niche providers, etc. I may choose 5 | of them as a consumer. | | It does necessitate an open, multi-tenant architecture. Let's | invest there rather than investing in trying to implement a new | regulatory scheme. | noodlesUK wrote: | Local loop unbundling, as it's called in the U.K. has | definitely driven prices down for DSL, but it means there's | very little in terms of actual consumer choice. It's basically | one ISP (virgin excluded cause that's docsis and a totally | different network) for everyone, with different people you can | buy service from. If anything actually goes wrong with the | network, open reach fixes it, but there's no way for a company | to differentiate on performance, only price. | milankragujevic wrote: | There are "variants" of LLU that allow ISPs to install their | own equipment in the ILECs central office buildings, which | would allow the ISP to utilize their own equipment on both | ends of the line (CPE and DSLAM). It is rare, though, and | incompatible with Vectoring for example. Most xDSL ISPs just | resell service and the ILEC uses a L2 VPN to route traffic | from the DSLAM to the core network of the reseller ISP. Price | is rarely lower, usually only with bundles such as IPTV or | landline with cheap international calls... | Proziam wrote: | Customer service, features/bundles, and deal terms are | reasonable ways for a company to differentiate itself I | believe. | | I'd rather everyone have great internet access at a fair | price and let the companies battle it out for a smaller piece | of the pie. Consumers win. | crooked-v wrote: | > Separate the last mile pipe provider/operator | (infrastructure) from the service providers. All service | providers compete across that pipe. | | That sounds like regulation to me. | lutorm wrote: | Soon they'll at least have 2... | | https://www.starlink.com/ | chrsstrm wrote: | In a rural area where the local telco was granted a legal | monopoly, their "high speed" comes in a 5/0.5mbps on a good day. | The area is now blanketed in T-Mobile 5G coverage, but questions | asking T-Mobile about a 5G hotspot with a wired LAN port have | gone unanswered. I'd love to use a 5G hotspot as the house's | modem, but WiFi-only just won't work. Do any 5G devices with a | SIM slot and a wired LAN port exist? | jabroni_salad wrote: | Keep an eye on Cradlepoint. Their 5G modem is available on | Telstra and I'm sure American carriers will be available soon. | ropiku wrote: | Huawei 5G CPE Pro (if you don't mind Huawei) has good reviews, | has ethernet and you can use external 5G antennas. | joe_the_user wrote: | You don't need a 5G device for decent Internet speed - at least | not in my rural area (Nevada City, in town). T-Mobile is my | only provider for phone/data/etc. At $60/month, 50GB cap, it's | the best deal I've had for a while. | donatj wrote: | My parents were in a similar situation. They only had terrible | DSL in their area. | | T-Mobile actually offers a home router with Ethernet out, they | got accepted into the beta about 6 months ago and it's been a | godsend. | | - https://www.t-mobile.com/isp | chrsstrm wrote: | That's exactly the type of program I'm looking for but it | only mentions LTE. The LTE coverage there is spotty and | speeds aren't great, so really hoping for 5G. Plus the fine | print in the terms talks about how some streaming services | can't be used, but doesn't name them. If T-Mobile rolls out a | program like this with their 5G network it would be amazing. | I really can't imagine them trying to sell 5G phones to | country folk, at least not until the price comes way down. | What else would they use that 5G bandwidth for in the | meantime? | joe_the_user wrote: | I can't imagine how 5G could leap-frog LTE. As I understand | it, 5G has to blanket an area to be able to reliably | transmit into a building. When the companies seem to put | 2-3 towers per ridge in mountain areas, how is that going | to happen? And generally, I'd expect any new 5G towers | would also be LTE towers anyway. | camkego wrote: | I think the Netgear Nighthawk M5 for 5G Mobile Router might | help you. It is announced, but not yet released. I have the | previous generation, the Netgear Nighthawk M1. I believe both | have a wired ethernet port. | umvi wrote: | Well hopefully things like Starlink can provide an alternative to | terrestrial internet and force competition into the picture. | connon wrote: | Thank you for sharing. This is exactly why Ready (YC S20) makes | tools that help America's thousands of Local Internet Service | Providers compete with the copper cartel. https://ready.net | JohnTHaller wrote: | Living in NYC, I have one high-speed internet option (Spectrum, | formerly Time Warner) and one not high-speed internet option | (Verizon DSL with "up to" 3.1 - 7 Mbps). That's it. | codegeek wrote: | NYC still has DSL option ? Wow. I left NYC in 2005 as a | resident and would assume that it has fiber everywhere by now. | JohnTHaller wrote: | It was supposed to. NYC gave Verizon a deal in exchange for | wiring fiber citywide. They never did. | crgwbr wrote: | They at least partially did. I'm in a not-wealthy area of | the Bronx and somehow managed to get gigabit Fios from | Verizon. But, yeah, it's certainly not everywhere yet. | mistrial9 wrote: | right - and comparing its service to the AT&T offering, a | residential Internet service provider in the California Bay Area | said, "and, we don't send in those reports that most ISPs do" .. | on a support call.. | qetuo wrote: | I live in an apartment in Passaic County, NJ. My ISP, Optimum, | has a monopoly on this group of apartments. | | They take advantage of this to charge $75/month for plain | broadband Internet service, which is about 50% more than the | average Internet service (including Verizon FIOS) costs in the | nearby area. | | Just sayin'. | crazygringo wrote: | Seriously. I don't understand why there isn't a movement to | regulate ISP's like utilities at this point. Why aren't mayors | and governors running on this as a major plank? | | ISP investments, profits and pricing would all get regulated by | the municipality. Performance is monitored and guaranteed. | | I've lived in many, many apartments in NYC and each building has | only ever had one choice -- Spectrum (was Time Warner) or | Optimum. And it's always the same -- it's $24.99-39.99 at first, | then after a year it's jacked up to $49.99-54.99, then another | year up to $69.99. | | It used to be you'd call to threaten to cancel and they'd re- | lower it. But they haven't agreed to do that for over 3 years now | -- they'll just let you cancel. They know you don't have a | choice. | | ISP's are so obviously by now a utility like water, gas and | electric. Why aren't we treating them that way? | pwinnski wrote: | Because very large companies with a lot of money are willing to | spend vast fortunes to ensure we don't. If it costs them $200 | million in lobbying to ensure that they hang onto $1 billion a | year in revenue, that's well worth it to them, while the rest | of us are too busy paying our too-high monthly ISP bills to | scrape together $200 million to counter their lobbying. | | A regular diet of TechDirt[0] on the subject, going back many | years, tells quite a story. | | [0] https://www.techdirt.com/blog/?tag=muni+broadband | amiga_500 wrote: | Why are the entire population just accepting the lack of | democratic representation to defend their interests? | zajd wrote: | I live in a town with all utilities municipalized and it's | wonderful. $50/mo for a Gigabit fiber connection. | zzzeek wrote: | optimum is now 90 BUCKS A MONTH. for basic internet, no TV, no | phone. they are owned by some corporate entity called "Altice" | which basically came in and ruined whatever slightly positive | features the website had, like an outage map. | hvaoc wrote: | US Internet system is rigged to benefit the providers. This | exactly the reason after every year we switch back the internet | connection between me and my spouse, to keep the internet cost | low. | | For most part US doesn't have functional government to manage | these things properly. | stainforth wrote: | I would say all of marketism is rigged to benefit providers | cameronbrown wrote: | > Seriously. I don't understand why there isn't a movement to | regulate ISP's like utilities at this point. Why aren't mayors | and governors running on this as a major plank? | | Who do you think gave them these monopolies in the first place? | [deleted] | lioeters wrote: | That's the answer to why most Americans have "no real choice" | in Internet service providers, as well in countless other | services like healthcare, where anti-competitive behavior has | become normalized and tolerated (or actively encouraged) | legally. | | Even when it's not legally a "monopoly", it's a collusion | among the most powerful corporations and their revolving-door | regulators that allow continued exploitation of the public. | ravenstine wrote: | Exactly. They're making money! | Retric wrote: | Your local power, water, etc company's have a monopoly and | serious regulation. Internet just has the monopoly bit. | dhosek wrote: | The ISPs have bought themselves some democracy. They've managed | to get numerous state laws passed to prevent local government | from doing any of this. | kinjba11 wrote: | This is correct. What happened to Wilson, NC is fairly | illuminating. Big ISPs convinced governments to pass laws | that make it illegal to make an ISP as a utility. | | Planet Money - Small America vs Big Internet | https://www.npr.org/transcripts/865908114 | ghaff wrote: | Ma Bell as a regulated monopoly for long distance gave us | pretty great service. It wasn't cheap. | paulryanrogers wrote: | Then force ISPs who own infrastructure to allow competitors | to use it. Residents are technically the ones who own it and | lease to these monopolies at the local level. | | ISPs are more like Ma Bell than a free market while they keep | getting exclusivity agreements from localities | kebman wrote: | This seems to be the model in Norway for both power and | internet service. You pay a small fee for "line rent" in | both instances. While this works well for electricity in | Norway, IMO it's not that good for internet service. How | many ISP's there are depends on who's got a server in your | immediate area. I don't know the details of how it's | regulated, though. This is just based upon what I see on my | bill, and the competing ISP's in my area, whic surprisingly | aren't that many, even though I'm in the middle of Oslo. | ghaff wrote: | Residents don't own infrastructure if a local monopoly | delivery company does. I don't own the electrical lines | coming to my house. | | Nothing wrong with a system where the infrastructure is a | regulated utility and ISPs can use it. Just don't assume it | will be better or cheaper than it is today. There's no | reason to believe that infrastructure won't cost you $100+ | per month before you buy service on top of it. Or that it | will be more widely available than today. | exabrial wrote: | I have 4, which is unusual. To some the problem, more local | competition is needed. The problem is curbing the anti- | competitive prentices that prop up local monopolies. States don't | seem to care about consumer choice. | jtxx wrote: | in NYC, I've only ever had the option for one cable provider at | any given location, either Spectrum / Time Warner or Optimum, | maybe RCN. but never more than one to pick from, unless you're in | a fios building then I think that's an option. and there's | usually DSL but that's not a real competitor. | JohnTHaller wrote: | We don't have FiOS or even have RCN on our block in NYC. | Spectrum or "up to 3 to 7Mbps" Verizon DSL. That's it. | djaque wrote: | This is what frustrated me the most with some of my friends "free | market" arguments when net neutrality was in the news. I am also | a believer in the invisible hand, but it doesn't work when I can | literally only choose from one provider. | pascalxus wrote: | it's not the invisible hand's fault when that hand is tied | behind it's back. there's so many politicians that have been | creating legislation that prevents new entrants from coming | into the market with regulatory capture. that's not a free | market. | joe_the_user wrote: | _it 's not the invisible hand's fault when that hand is tied | behind it's back._ | | There is no real way "untie" this hand in this case. The | regulatory pseudo-markets that governments impose are often | presented as "deregulation" but they aren't that. They're | just a different kind of regulation. However, both companies | and politicians put forward the claim that these pseudo- | markets make their players "private enterprise" and so- | absolved from responsibility to the public but that's a self- | serving fiction. | throw0101a wrote: | > _there 's so many politicians that have been creating | legislation that prevents new entrants from coming into the | market with regulatory capture._ | | Politicians paid for by the incumbents. | | Not everywhere though: | | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_Telecommunication_Open_I | n... | | * https://arstechnica.com/information- | technology/2016/06/what-... | msla wrote: | The fact it's impossible for everyone to build cable | everywhere means it isn't a free market. | donatj wrote: | How much of that comes down to municipalities not allowing | competition on the poles though? | joe_the_user wrote: | When a municipality is "not allowing competition on the | poles", that doesn't the municipality is standing in the way | of a natural free market. The act described as "allowing | competition on the poles" is actually an act of _regulation_. | It is telling whoever owns the poles what to do (even if that | whoever is the municipality). | | This is no more "opening up to the free market" than if | someone owns some land and a regulator says "you have to | allow other people's cattle to graze here and must charge | what we consider a fair price". | | --> This isn't to say free markets are the best or that we | should unregulated natural monopolies in the name of private | property. Rather, regulatory pseudo-markets often wind-up | just as shams to allow effective monopolies without implied | responsibility to the public that a regulated monopoly has. | sixdimensional wrote: | Only Cox at the most southern point of SoCal where I live. I have | only one choice, other than satellite. | | We can get 940Mbps down/35Mbps up w/ 1.25TB cap and mid level | cable TV from Cox for.. wait for it $270/month. O_o | | Currently I get 150Mbps down/5Mbps up + mid level cable TV... | $130/month. It's fast enough for work, but feels so expensive. | clairity wrote: | do you have neighbors within ~100 ft? if so, why not share | internet (and cost) with them? with that much bandwidth, you | can split it 10 ways and not even notice. | | an smb-class wireless router will let you segment neighbors | into their own isolated vlan, and with mesh/repeaters, you can | cover a fairly large area. | ExtremisAndy wrote: | It's really depressing in rural places. I had to teach online all | summer with DSL 6mbps down/ 0.3mbps up. Forget uploading any | video. My students never saw my face. Thankfully, the | videoconferencing software I was using managed to allow me to | share my PowerPoint and voice reliably enough. Otherwise, I don't | know what I would have done. | darth_avocado wrote: | What I don't understand is why do we keep repeating these same | observations again and again and still nothing happens. I've been | upset at Comcast constantly jacking up the prices, not having an | internet only option in my area (gets bundled up with TV), making | sure good prices are available only if you get a 12 month | contract and so much more. I mean Southpark said it years ago and | even John Oliver had a segment on it. What is new about this? And | why haven't we seen an action against it? | neonate wrote: | https://web.archive.org/web/20200814203602/https://ilsr.org/... | war1025 wrote: | This seems fairly unsurprising to me. | | Internet is a utility. Most people also don't have a choice in | who they get electric, water, gas, etc. from. | | It's unfortunate that internet service quality is so varied from | location to location, but utilities tend to form natural | monopolies. | avmich wrote: | > It's unfortunate that internet service quality is so varied | from location to location, but utilities tend to form natural | monopolies. | | You're missing the crucial difference. Public utilities are | supervised by the public. | war1025 wrote: | > Public utilities are supervised by the public | | I have municipal fiber, which is not common, so I guess | that's a fair point. | shados wrote: | they're generally a fair bit more regulated though (and | ironically I actually have more options for electric than I do | for internet). | throw0101a wrote: | > [...] _but utilities tend to form natural monopolies._ | | Then perhaps more local authorities should form Internet | utilities: | | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal_broadband | | It's a thing in many places: | | * | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_Telecommunication_Open_In... | | * https://arstechnica.com/information- | technology/2016/06/what-... | | Unless you are in one of the 22 US states that have | restrictions on it: | | * https://broadbandnow.com/report/municipal-broadband- | roadbloc... | | The public infrastructure provides ISO Layer 1/2 connectivity, | and let the Free Market(tm) compete at Level 3. | war1025 wrote: | Both the town I grew up in and the town I currently live in | have Municipal Broadband. So maybe I have a skewed view of | the landscape. | non-entity wrote: | The city i live in has been trying to organize municipal | fiber internet but there's very hard pushback from both | citizens and lobbying from spectrum. | | There was even an entire account on the cities subreddit | named _Cityname_ FiberBad lmao | throw0101a wrote: | > _very hard pushback from both citizens_ | | What are the citizens' concern(s)? | | The _Ars_ article is interesting: the place is in Ammon, | Idaho, where they label themselves as right-leaning, small | government. That would be the stereotypical place to _not_ | do such a project. | non-entity wrote: | Thats part of it, but from what I understand there was a | similar project attempted years ago that failed from what | they say. | Aaargh20318 wrote: | > Internet is a utility. Most people also don't have a choice | in who they get electric, water, gas, etc. from. | | Wait, you don't get to choose who your electricity and gas | provider is either ? | | Here we get to choose from literally dozens of providers. Same | goes for internet. I can choose from 13 different ISPs at my | address on fiber alone. | | I thought the US believed in competition and free markets ? | pwinnski wrote: | "Competition for thee, but not for me" is the order of the | day. Outsiders and upstarts wants competition, and once they | establish a majority market share, they spend and fight to | ensure nobody else can do the same. Money controls | everything. | jldugger wrote: | Do you have 13 different gas pipelines leading to your home? | war1025 wrote: | > Here we get to choose from literally dozens of providers | | How does this work? Is it similar to all the various wireless | providers that are actually just resellers for the people who | own the actual infrastructure? I don't understand how you | could choose to get electric or natural gas from someone else | when there is a physical line that comes to your residence. | candyman wrote: | I was pleased when we lived in Boston where our building and many | others was able to put microwave-based services on the roof. It | was internet-only but very fast and inexpensive - just what we | needed. Now we are in Louisville and back to the only two | mediocre and more expensive choices - ATT and Spectrum. And if | you go out into the country many homes are stuck with satellite | internet service from Hughes which is damn near unusable. | umvi wrote: | Online games on HughesNet are unplayable. Called and complained | that ~500ms RTT is unacceptable but they made up some excuse as | to why it couldn't be faster, some mumbo jumbo about the speed | of light | kibwen wrote: | As a transplant to Boston I was thrilled that for the first | time in my life I actually had a choice of internet provider; I | went with "not Comcast", aka RCN, because they were the one who | didn't charge an absurd fee to let me use my own router, and | the service has been extremely reliable and inexpensive. | Apparently Verizon has just begun fiber service as well to my | area, so with a whopping three providers to choose from I am | perhaps the luckiest person in America. | | (The microwave service you mention, Starry, sadly isn't in my | area yet, but HN will be delighted to hear that their microwave | relays use Rust internally in embedded context.) | derblitzmann wrote: | Yeah, I'm out in the country with Hughesnet, and it works fine | provided you haven't hit the data cap. But streaming 720p or | higher is going to be pausing rather consistently. | darepublic wrote: | Canadian here. For us it is Rogers, Bell or some skin of those | two | throw0101a wrote: | The telcos / cablecos run the wires, but are mandated by the | CRTC (~FCC) to allow third-party ISPs access: | | * https://canadianisp.ca/ | | One is still limited to the limits of the underlying technology | (e.g., copper distance with DSL), but it's better than nothing | IMHO. | MattGaiser wrote: | For internet? | | Where are you located? Even my grandparents in Northern Ontario | have some 5 or so options, and not just skins of the Big 3. | | I checked 8 providers when I lived in Kingston. | | For cell phone, you are right. | cmehdy wrote: | If you're talking about Start, Tekksavy, Tbaytel and similar, | they're all bound to Rogers or Bell. I think the user you're | replying to is pretty much right when it comes to Canada, and | it shows in the prices you get. Same thing for phones. | | A couple providers are through satellite and such in rural | areas and in those cases it's typically even worse since the | service truly sucks while costing much, and they're in no | rush to do anything about it when there are issues on the | line. And I'm not even talking about middle-of-nowhere stuff, | just places north of Sudbury for example. | squeaky-clean wrote: | I live in Brooklyn and had Verizon fiOS at my last place, 100/100 | mbps. I moved last year and called Verizon to confirm their | service reached my new apartment. They said yes. | | However... I didn't confirm that their "fiber service" reached my | apartment, so when I went to change my address they told me the | only plan available was a 15/1 mbps DSL connection for more money | than fiber! My only other choice was Spectrum, where I'm now on a | 200/10 mbps cable connection (it's the fastest upload speed they | had). | | I'm moving again now (neighbor issues) and you can be damn sure I | confirmed a fiber hookup at my new apartment. I also learned some | ISPs will say yes, they cover your address. And then when you | actually go ahead to schedule installation it turns out your unit | cannot be connected and they call back to cancel. What a hassle. | vondur wrote: | Heck, many Americans in metro areas have only one choice for | internet providers. I've helped people here in SoCal whose only | choice has been 5-10MB DSL service, and they were getting charged | like $70/month for it. | vinay427 wrote: | Was this in the outer areas (San Bernardino, Ventura, Imperial, | etc.)? | mixmastamyk wrote: | Helped how? Getting charged that for 100mb in LA, and feel it | is too high. | heavyset_go wrote: | Same thing with health insurance. | avmich wrote: | Interesting that we discuss sometimes benefits of having | engineering licensed, but here we apparently see disadvantages | of licensing going wrong. ___________________________________________________________________ (page generated 2020-08-14 23:00 UTC)