[HN Gopher] Cracks in US nuclear command and control
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       Cracks in US nuclear command and control
        
       Author : throwaway888abc
       Score  : 30 points
       Date   : 2021-01-09 21:51 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.axios.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.axios.com)
        
       | posnet wrote:
       | Not the first time, in the last few weeks of Nixon's presidency
       | the secretary of defense orders any presidential order about
       | nuclear arms to be cleared via him or Henry Kissinger.
       | 
       | And people need to keep in mind, the nuclear launch system while
       | very efficient is not completely digital or automated. He can
       | give the order, but it still requires military leadership to make
       | a judgement call as whether to follow it.
       | 
       | https://time.com/5388648/watergate-nixon-anonymous-op-ed/
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | Good to know.
         | 
         | Even if they're legally bound it's good to know that there's
         | still someone in between who can simply say no.
        
           | credit_guy wrote:
           | > Even if they're legally bound
           | 
           | They are not legally bound. They are legally bound to follow
           | a lawful order. It's a personal judgment call what
           | constitutes a lawful order, and in 99.9% of the cases people
           | just follow orders. But when it comes to ending the world, I
           | think all officers, without exception, will realize the order
           | to nuke a random target is not lawful, and will refuse to
           | obey.
        
         | wortelefant wrote:
         | but didn't Trump just replace the Secretary of Defense? In the
         | linked story, it was the secretary who implemented the legal
         | safeguards
        
       | aphextron wrote:
       | I wonder who could possibly benefit from this. We're seeing
       | Russia's ultimate geopolitical goals playing out like clockwork
       | here; the destabilization of the US and disarming of their major
       | nuclear threat. It's terrifying how brazen and obvious Putin's
       | strategy is here while going off without a hitch.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | > House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said in a letter to members on
       | Friday that she's spoken to the Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman
       | Mark Milley about preventing President Trump from accessing the
       | nuclear codes.
       | 
       | If Miley does it, wouldn't it be a military coup, and isn't Nancy
       | Pelosi encouraging it? All the existing US law both statute and
       | Constitutional is that the president is Commander in Chief of the
       | US military and has sole authority to launch nukes.
       | 
       | Congress can impeach, but I am not sure I am happy with a
       | precedent of political leaders going to the military and telling
       | them to abrogate the constitutional authority that their
       | political opponent has.
       | 
       | There are already other Constituional remedies such as
       | impeachment or the 25th Amendment to deal with a rogue President.
       | Telling the military to unilaterally assume authority in a matter
       | is not one of them.
       | 
       | The military should _Never_ be brought into any political
       | dispute. That path only escalates and leads to ruin.
        
         | jaycroft wrote:
         | Where, in the constitution, is the President authorized to wage
         | war without the consent of Congress?
        
         | gwright wrote:
         | To my mind, this effort by Pelosi (if true) is more dangerous
         | than anything Trump said this week.
        
       | atemerev wrote:
       | Here I can actually put my two cents in the discussion, as
       | somebody who studied nuclear C&C for years.
       | 
       | Technically, everything there is correct: the unilateral
       | authority for nuclear weapons use is in the hands of the
       | president. In particular, the military are absolutely not allowed
       | to do anything with nuclear weapons without the confirmation of
       | the president. This system was put in place by Truman, and this
       | decision probably saved the planed from nuclear war many times.
       | 
       | Now, in practice, the president, Trump or anybody else, cannot
       | unilaterally start the nuclear war. He has to communicate with
       | the military to activate the nuclear football and call NMCC. The
       | order will be handled by EAC (emergency actions controller), who
       | has to input their own codes, which needs to be confirmed by the
       | superior officer. Choosing the nuclear option beyond what is
       | already in nuclear football (where only retaliatory options are
       | placed, not applicable in the first-use context) will require
       | active input from STRATCOM, which will take hours. At all these
       | points, there are many opportunities to intervene and/or seek
       | additional confirmations from multiple authorities.
       | 
       | Tl;dr the nuclear _retaliation_ can indeed be launched by the
       | president in minutes, if it is already proposed by the military
       | and the only thing the president needs to to is to reply with
       | nuclear launch codes from the biscuit and the football.
       | Initiating a first use attack is a whole another story, will take
       | hours, and most probably will not succeed at all.
       | 
       | P.S. Mark Milley is not in the nuclear launch command chain, so
       | he has no authority to do anything about the procedure. Neither
       | is Nancy Pelosi.
        
       | bra-ket wrote:
       | The libs are sh*ting their pants for real now.
        
         | saboot wrote:
         | Who is a "lib"? Anyone concerned one person can end the Earth?
        
           | ChrisClark wrote:
           | The pure and utter mind control Trump has over people like
           | the OP there is outright scary. How did it get so far that it
           | is so obvious to everyone but themselves?
        
             | bra-ket wrote:
             | Trump had nothing to do with it, it was you, dear liberals,
             | who radicalized the entire country.
        
           | bra-ket wrote:
           | no, it's about mass hysteria in liberal circles, lmao.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | a3n wrote:
       | Worldwide verification of the elimination of nuclear weapons is
       | the minimal necessary metric to predict that our civilization
       | will survive. Besides eliminating their immediate danger, it's a
       | proxy for our ability to cooperate as a world and think past our
       | differences.
        
         | travisjungroth wrote:
         | One of the things scary to me about nukes for human survival is
         | I think it gains limited resiliency from being interplanetary,
         | at least at first. The same countries on Earth will set up
         | nukes on Mars and point them at each other. Other threats
         | (asteroid impact, virus) get more of a boost. Put more
         | generally, I don't think the nuclear threat is something we'll
         | tech our way out of.
        
           | whatshisface wrote:
           | One country teching its way out of nukes before everyone else
           | would be the most dangerous thing ever.
        
       | sanxiyn wrote:
       | It is about time US pledges no first use of nuclear weapons.
       | China already did.
        
         | travisjungroth wrote:
         | How seriously can we take this pledge? It seems like nuking
         | someone first is already an all-out move and pledges will be
         | ignored.
        
         | brighton36 wrote:
         | That pledge is as good as toilet paper. Don't be so naive. (And
         | that's not because they're chinese. All governments would
         | immediately disregard such pledges at the time it was deemed
         | necessary to strike first)
        
         | ayyyolo wrote:
         | >China already did.
         | 
         | lmao
         | 
         | This is sooooo naive.
        
       | whynotminot wrote:
       | In my mind, a nuclear first strike without Congress is
       | _definitely_ illegal because President 's cannot declare war--
       | only Congress can.
       | 
       | Presidents for a long time have engaged in limited quasi-wars
       | without Congress by hand-waving over "what is war, anyway,"
       | conducting missile strikes and engaging in targeted special
       | operations. Congress looking the other way is a clear abdication
       | of responsibility here, but there has been enough plausible grey
       | area to get away with this over many recent decades of American
       | foreign policy.
       | 
       | But I don't know any serious person who would look at a nuclear
       | first strike and think there's any debate about whether or not
       | that constituted an outright declaration of war.
       | 
       | We definitely need to make this more explicit though, and not
       | rely on out of control President to test it.
        
         | adaisadais wrote:
         | Herein lies the issue: the quasi-war. The US must make actions
         | in the future to more accurately describe what a war is. In my
         | mind virtually every "quasi-war" that the United States has
         | waged since WWII has been waged unconstitutionally.
         | 
         | We've gone about for too long meddling in the affairs of
         | others. Putting boots on their grounds and haven't the
         | slightest bit of gall to make it official and firmly support
         | it. These acts of ill will (however good intentioned they may
         | have been- and most have not *see War in Vietnam) have been
         | nothing but racketeering and have violated our own
         | Constitution.
         | 
         | I agree. We must clarify and make it more explicit. We must
         | also create a nuclear armistice. We can't continue to go on
         | kicking the little countries and idealogies of the world and
         | not expect the Big Ones to at some point decide to kick back.
         | 
         | " Don't you understand, what I'm trying to say? Can't you see
         | the fears that I'm feeling today? If the button is pushed,
         | there's no running away There'll be no one to save with the
         | world in a grave"
         | 
         | From Barry McGuire's "Eve of Destruction"
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | Let's say that country P's intelligence agency is implicated in
         | helping a terrorist group based in country Q obtain a weapon
         | from the leaky security of country R, which is then detonated
         | in country S but with a smaller yield than expected due to
         | deterioration in R's stockpile maintenance, so that most of the
         | damage is the cost of the radioactive cleanup. Act of war?
        
       | baybal2 wrote:
       | Do you guys understand that retaliatory use of nuclear weapons is
       | very likely assured even if president says no?
       | 
       | People in underground command bunkers likely have families too,
       | and will act like most normal people.
        
       | misiti3780 wrote:
       | If anyone is interesting in more details, I really recommend the
       | recent book "The Button" about how precarious the situation
       | really is:
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Button-Book-Sally-Nicholls/dp/0735267...
        
         | TigeriusKirk wrote:
         | Another similar book is Command And Control by Eric Schlosser.
         | 
         | It goes into a lot of detail about how nuclear weapons and
         | their control systems evolved. Covers a number of accidents and
         | near apocalypses along the way. One of my favorite books of the
         | last decade, informative and very readable at the same time.
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Command-Control-Damascus-Accident-Ill...
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-09 23:00 UTC)