[HN Gopher] Europe's telcos want 'open' 5G networks
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       Europe's telcos want 'open' 5G networks
        
       Author : DyslexicAtheist
       Score  : 213 points
       Date   : 2021-01-25 13:56 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.politico.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.politico.eu)
        
       | naringas wrote:
       | when they don't stand to make a profit because they own the "IP"
       | then they want openess
        
       | shimonabi wrote:
       | It's a protectionist scheme against foreign competition.
       | 
       | Don't fall for the talk of "openness". Remember that the EU
       | itself was established as a German-French cartel.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | Banning Huawei is legitimate US security, but OpenStandards are
         | EU protectionism. Got it.
        
         | burtness wrote:
         | *German-French-British
        
           | acta_non_verba wrote:
           | The UK was not a founding member of the European community.
           | Charles de Gaulle saw to that.
        
             | kitd wrote:
             | They were however one of the main driving forces behind the
             | Single Market, of which this is an expression.
        
           | gostsamo wrote:
           | The UK never bought the EU project, came late, left promptly.
           | Know before talking.
        
             | Lio wrote:
             | The UK started efforts to join the EEC just 4 years after
             | the Treaty of Rome.
             | 
             | Its entry was personally blocked 3 times by Charles De
             | Gaulle before finally being allowed to join in 1973.
             | 
             | When the UK finally left in 2020 it had been a member for
             | 47 years.
             | 
             | I wouldn't describe that as coming late and leaving
             | promptly.
             | 
             | As for never buying the EU project, a 1975 referendum on
             | EEC membership was won by a comfortable 34.4% majority.
             | 
             | Where as the 2016 vote leave campaigns won with just a 3.7%
             | majority, having broken the rules on spending.
             | 
             | I would say that many of us in the UK buy the EU project
             | and are unhappy about the leave result still.
             | 
             | To this day the reports on foreign interference have not
             | been compiled or fully published by the current
             | Conservative government.
        
               | gostsamo wrote:
               | I was present on a talk about the EU given by an UK
               | official back in 2014. At that time the person didn't
               | even knew how many members the EU had (Croatia was just
               | admitted) and they were pretty open that they are not
               | really interested to know. When I've been to the UK, two
               | years earlier, a bus driver that I talked to was afraid
               | that eastern europeans will come and take his job. I
               | perfectly well know the UK relationship with the EU, but
               | trust me when I tell you that giving some numbers does
               | not reflect reality. Maybe because the UK considered
               | itself a winner in WWII and wasn't ruined from it like
               | France and Germany, or maybe because of Soros and black
               | Wednesday, or for whatever reason,but Brittan was never a
               | cornerstone of the EU the way France and Germany are,
               | which is the thing the GP was trying to imply and I
               | definitely disagree.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | Alternatively: Came late, when realised they were missing
             | out, got special treatment,stayed for 30 years, made a
             | mess, threatened to divorse, it's been 5 years and they
             | still can't shut the door.
        
           | shimonabi wrote:
           | The Brits joined later because they were broke and had lost
           | their empire.
        
             | e2le wrote:
             | And the Germans joined to cleanse themselves of genocide
             | and apply for readmission to the human race. While the
             | French only joined because they wanted to protect their
             | inefficient farmers from commercial competition.
             | 
             | The British joined to screw the French by splitting them
             | off from the Germans that and of course their foreign
             | policy objective for at least the last five hundred years
             | which has being to create a disunited Europe.
        
       | jpfr wrote:
       | Fabrice Bellard, who is quite famous on HN for his open source
       | work, has founded a company for his own 5G implementation. And
       | they are EU-based. [1]
       | 
       | I'm under the impression his work is closer to the "radio
       | protocol" than the infrastructure management behind. Not sure if
       | they are related to Open-RAN though...
       | 
       | [1] https://www.amarisoft.com/about-us/
        
         | technofiend wrote:
         | From reading HN it seems like there needs to be open source
         | radio hardware as well to break the dependency on qualcomm,
         | broadcom and whomever else is supplying chips. At least if the
         | idea is to have something auditable.
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | From what I understand (someone correct me if I'm wrong) part
           | of the problem is that baseband hardware and firmware
           | requires expensive FCC approvals that's more compatible with
           | the profitability of closed-source intellectual property.
        
             | vaduz wrote:
             | It's not so much that it is more aligned with profitability
             | per se, but the fact that _each modification_ you put in
             | the part of the device controlling the radio _also needs
             | said approval before being used to transmit_ - and FCC has
             | been tightening the enforcement of that. It has been on HN
             | before [0]...
             | 
             | Usual caveats about Part 15 vs Part 97 use apply.
             | 
             | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11267443
        
             | fit2rule wrote:
             | We all need to be making RONJA a thing:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RONJA
        
         | frequent wrote:
         | Amarisoft and Nexedi also launched a joint company called
         | Rapid.Space last year. It combines cloud and 4G/5G
         | infrastructure operation and is "HyperOpen" = using open-source
         | software, open hardware and open service.
         | 
         | Press release: https://handbook.rapid.space/RS-
         | Hyper.Open.Converged.Cloud.D...
         | 
         | More info on 5G technology:
         | https://handbook.rapid.space/evangelist/RS-Presentation.For....
         | 
         | (disclaimer: I work for Nexedi and help out on Rapid.Space)
        
         | steeve wrote:
         | I came exactly to promote this. Thank you.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Do we really need control over the radio hardware? Or can we
         | treat them as dumb pipes, and use something like Tor to shield
         | us from whoever can track who is using a radio channel?
        
           | xorcist wrote:
           | Tor can not prevent a denial of service.
        
         | wyldfire wrote:
         | > Amarisoft LTE and NR network software suit is a unique full
         | software LTE and NR solution ... Our binary licenses can be
         | fixed and bounded to a single hardware, floating on a USB
         | dongle, or floating using a license server.
         | 
         | I suppose it's possible that their product includes some Open
         | Source Software, while still using node-locked licenses. But it
         | doesn't sound like it.
         | 
         | This press release [1] from 2020 makes it sound like Amarisoft
         | is working on OpenRAN.
         | 
         | [1] https://apnews.com/press-release/pr-
         | businesswire/56f3c23c33a...
        
         | ferdek wrote:
         | Recently Nokia strongly communicates its commitment to Open-
         | RAN. They want to be like Tesla or Toyota (in case of hybrid-
         | drives): so good that competition is unable to keep up even
         | after opening their patents. Once telcos grasp the benfits of
         | open-interfaces infrastructure (eCPRI and stuff), there is no
         | coming back to closed ecosystems.
         | 
         | The "radio protocol" is "open" since GSM, anyone can download
         | standards from 3GPP and implement it accordingly. But the mere
         | amount of knowledge and specialized hardware required to do
         | this, even for single layer like L1, is tremendous. I think
         | this is the real reason why we don't already have open-source
         | implementation of the full stack.
         | 
         | EDIT: an afterthought - maybe the O-RAN is really a chance for
         | open-source here. In the future, once O-RAN is accepted and
         | widely deployed, we could work on implementing the stack piece-
         | by-piece, layer-by-layer, filling the gaps with commercial
         | software/hardware as we go, instead of doing everything at
         | once...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Railsify wrote:
           | Came here to mention Nokia, I bought NOK last week, the stock
           | is starting to move. Between existing revenue from 5G and
           | future growth I have a price target of 15USD by Jan 2023. New
           | leadership is in place as well and a mandate for each
           | business unit to become profitable.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | The 3GPP standard leaves a lot of implementation freedom in
           | many areas and there is a huge number of patents on
           | everything. So in practice licensing is a big issue and keeps
           | new entrants at bay.
           | 
           | Nokia thinks it is in good shape because without Huawei there
           | is indeed not many threats. Starting from scratch is hugely
           | costly and takes many years. In any case Nokia has no choice
           | but to be "committed" to Open RAN since that's what telcos
           | want.
           | 
           | IMHO, Open RAN is a push by telcos to commoditize the
           | infrastructure and to avoid being locked in because key
           | interfaces are proprietary.
        
             | pcdoodle wrote:
             | WSB on reddit is pumping it now too. Makes sense.
        
       | abledon wrote:
       | this alongside WSB's recent interest in NOK... lets see what
       | happens.
        
       | crispycrafter2 wrote:
       | Hahaha.. Force the hand of those who feed and we'll force the
       | hand of the fed.
       | 
       | The West has blocked Huawei from being used now they force the
       | populis to demand open networks.
        
       | u678u wrote:
       | Telephone networks are a dead business. You look at European
       | telecom stocks and they just keep going down year after year.
       | Wont be long before they're all bankrupts and will get
       | nationalized again.
        
         | monopoledance wrote:
         | Fingers crossed.
        
         | fulafel wrote:
         | Mature businesses tend to have lower margins. Doesn't follow
         | that he businesses would fail, just that the owners extract
         | lower rents from the public.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | and yet they have reliable, cheap, high speed, highly available
         | networks.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | Providing affordabke reliable service is bad for business?
        
           | joejerryronnie wrote:
           | Yes, if there is no future growth in the market. Companies
           | need to figure out how to expand their total addressable
           | market or enter new lines of business.
        
         | diegoholiveira wrote:
         | > and will get nationalized again
         | 
         | IMO, this would be a bad move. Let them die. Voice and text
         | over the internet is here to stay. In the last two years I
         | didn't a single phone call thanks to WhatsApp, Signal and
         | Instagram.
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | Sort of like the airlines. The high level of competition is
         | good for the consumers, of course.
        
       | zoobab wrote:
       | $ apt install 5g $ echo "Done"
        
       | maeln wrote:
       | Note: This is being pushed by the major telecom company in the EU
       | 
       | > The Continent's "big four" telcos Deutsche Telekom, Telefonica,
       | Vodafone and Orange on Wednesday published a joint "memorandum of
       | understanding" pledging to prioritize the development of "Open
       | RAN" technology
       | 
       | They want to have more interoperabilities between equipment and
       | more supplier basically :
       | 
       | > Open RAN encompasses the idea of chopping up the 5G supply
       | chain into smaller pieces and imposing standards on equipment and
       | software firms so their products can work together
       | 
       | This makes a lot of sense for telco since it would drastically
       | lower the cost of their deployment and the maintenance of the 5G
       | network.
       | 
       | Right now, if you take your equipments from one supplier, you are
       | basically locked-in with this supplier since they are not
       | compatible with each-other. So if one equipment fail, you need to
       | buy a replacement from the same supplier.
        
         | tguvot wrote:
         | >This makes a lot of sense for telco since it would drastically
         | lower the cost of their deployment and the maintenance of the
         | 5G network.
         | 
         | Actually no. Integrated solutions are cheaper to make at scale
         | (for how much it's sold it's a different question) Also
         | integration of multiple vendors into one working solutions has
         | additional costs both for deployment and maintenance/support
         | later (instead of 1 piece of equipment you have 5 boxes with 5
         | vendors pointing fingers at each other when something fails).
         | Also more points of failure
        
       | eivarv wrote:
       | It'll probably never happen, but we should look into solving the
       | technical debt in our communications infrastructure - even if
       | breaking backward-compatibility . Huge issues and vulnerabilities
       | wrt security and privacy that are probably solvable, but were
       | never considered in the first place.
        
         | g_p wrote:
         | I think there's a growing acceptance that SS7 is a protocol
         | from the past. It's based on a set of assumptions (around
         | telecoms operators being trustworthy) that just never held
         | true.
         | 
         | The problem is that it continues to be the lowest common
         | denominator for a lot of the world to stay connected from a
         | telecoms perspective.
         | 
         | Moving to newer protocols makes a lot of sense, but for much of
         | the developing world I imagine they'll continue to rely on
         | legacy technologies like SS7 for some time to come, as they
         | have that hardware in place etc.
         | 
         | The driver away from legacy equipment in the West will likely
         | be the skills shortage as engineers retire and there's a need
         | to move to newer equipment that can be maintained and
         | understood. There's enough of a shortage of new talent, let
         | alone new talent that understands the old telecoms world way of
         | thinking.
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | > Moving to newer protocols makes a lot of sense, but for
           | much of the developing world I imagine they'll continue to
           | rely on legacy technologies like SS7 for some time to come,
           | as they have that hardware in place etc.
           | 
           | SS7 is going to be here for a loooong time yet, just like
           | email hasn't died.
           | 
           | > The driver away from legacy equipment in the West
           | 
           | Most of the cell towers that are install in the EU are
           | Software defined. Its far cheaper and future proof to have
           | them programmable.
           | 
           | Most other legacy stuff has been ripped out years ago, its
           | far cheaper to maintain one fibre link than 15 ATM lines.
           | 
           | Older kit eats power, which means for remote cell cites, more
           | fuel. This costs money, so its cheaper to rip out and put
           | newer power efficient kit in.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > The problem is that it continues to be the lowest common
           | denominator for a lot of the world to stay connected from a
           | telecoms perspective.
           | 
           | Not just the developing world. The amount of money needed to
           | rebuild our current telco grids with modern, designed from
           | scratch infrastructure is in the hundreds of billions of
           | euros range - in a time where money is short in supply.
           | 
           | Personally, I believe that even in 2030 there will still be
           | widespread 2G networks as "last fallback" for generations-old
           | IoT devices that simply can't do anything else...
        
             | Rexxar wrote:
             | Can we really say that money is in short supply when there
             | are negative interest rates in lots of countries ?
        
             | varispeed wrote:
             | Do you think that bandwidth heavy apps and sites should
             | chip in? If we didn't use so much bandwidth we could easily
             | stay with 3G? So it seems like because companies built
             | these video sites and now everyone wants to have access to
             | them in their pocket, why should telecom companies invest
             | in it?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | Telecom companies should invest in it because it's what
               | their customers want. Your thinking is completely
               | backwards.
        
             | legulere wrote:
             | Switzerland already phased out 2G and so did others:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2G#Phase-out
             | 
             | Some countries have the strategy of phasing out 3G instead.
        
             | MrRadar wrote:
             | In the US by 2030 both 2G and 3G will be a distant memory.
             | 
             | AT&T shut down its 2G GSM network at the end of 2016 and
             | intends to shut down its 3G network early next year.
             | 
             | Verizon intended to shut down its 2G and 3G CDMA networks
             | at the end of last year but delayed to the end of next
             | year.
             | 
             | T-Mobile US is operating its 2G GSM network entirely within
             | the guard bands of its 3G UMTS service (which means the
             | bandwidth available is extremely limited) and while they
             | haven't specified a set date for shutting down their 2G and
             | 3G service they are no longer investing in expanding it
             | (see the difference between their 3G[1] and 4G[2] coverage
             | maps) and I don't see it lasting significantly longer than
             | AT&T's or Verizon's 2G/3G networks.
             | 
             | Following the T-Mobile acquisition, the entire Sprint
             | legacy network (2G, 3G, and 4G LTE) is going to be shut
             | down by the end of this year with all customers being
             | transferred to the T-Mobile network.
             | 
             | Dish Wireless's new cellular network (which is being built
             | out as part of the legal settlement that permitted the
             | T-Mobile/Sprint merger) will be entirely 5G from the start
             | with no 2G, 3G, or 4G service offered.
             | 
             | [1] https://maps.t-mobile.com/pcc.html?map=mvno-noroam-34
             | 
             | [2] https://maps.t-mobile.com/pcc.html?map=mvno-noroam-34l
        
             | monadic3 wrote:
             | Money is never in short supply. That's the entire point of
             | fiat currency.
        
       | waheoo wrote:
       | Is this a follow on from the Belgian 5g deal with Nokia? [1]
       | 
       | Pretty huge shift in the wholesale market dynamics if this is
       | whats happening here.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.reuters.com/article/orange-nokia-
       | security-5g/hua...
        
       | est wrote:
       | Yes! Make 5g v2x mesh happen, make devices cheap enough then we
       | can have uncensorable Internet.
        
         | zoobab wrote:
         | Governments do not understand the economics behind internet
         | connectivity, they are just treating it as a way to make money,
         | for example selling spectrum licenses to the highest bidder.
        
       | throw7 wrote:
       | "U.S. Congress in November passed a bill approving $750 billion
       | in public funding to develop Open RAN technologies."
       | 
       | My jaw dropped here when reading... but it's million, not
       | billion.
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | I see, I was wondering why you said that, indeed the linked
         | article[0] says million, this article typod. Yeah nearly a
         | trillion dollars for any technology invested on in one swoop
         | would be quite jaw dropping (this comment may not age well if
         | inflation makes trillion the new billion).
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.rcrwireless.com/20201118/policy/house-
         | unanimousl...
        
         | OldHand2018 wrote:
         | Good catch.
         | 
         | FYI, if anyone is wondering how the US Government spending fits
         | in this puzzle, remember that when Motorola broke itself up,
         | they sold their mobile infrastructure business to a
         | Nokia/Siemens joint venture, which still has thousands of
         | engineers working in the Chicago suburbs.
         | 
         | Most, if not all, of this money is going to be spent in the USA
         | within the American tech sector, even if the company name is
         | European.
        
         | ferdek wrote:
         | In addition this article is also strongly opinionated, charged
         | with emotions, feels like stitched together without second
         | reading IMHO. Like:
         | 
         | > It would allow operators to procure [...] with different
         | players to piece together a 5G network, _breaking the market
         | power of "end-to-end" vendors like Ericsson and Nokia_.
         | 
         | And later: > the O-RAN Alliance. It's a standard-setting body
         | that includes [...] leading vendors Ericsson and Nokia.
         | 
         | First, it doesn't work like that. They will still offer end-to-
         | end deals, even with ORAN, it's just that winning conditions
         | change. Second, why would companies support standardization
         | effort that is supposedly intended to "harm" them? :D
         | 
         | > The operators, now barred by governments from using Huawei in
         | several European markets, see Open RAN as a fix to what they
         | consider a duopoly in the vendor market that allows Ericsson
         | and Nokia to charge higher prices for 5G equipment.
         | 
         | I LOL'ed. From what I know, Ericsson and Nokia does not charge
         | higher prices for 5G equipment due to duopoly, because that
         | would be called price collusion and the journalists don't have
         | proof to back it up. Also, Ericsson and Nokia are fighting each
         | other for every piece of market share, I don't see how pumping
         | up the prices would help here.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | No one ever actually found any technical issues with Huawei kit
       | did they?
        
         | joejerryronnie wrote:
         | Does it matter if they did? At this point, everyone has to
         | assume the CCP has the ability to take complete control of any
         | Chinese company it wants to (see Ant Group). I'm not sure why
         | they even bother with the "monopoly" or "corruption" pretenses
         | at this point.
        
           | LatteLazy wrote:
           | That's fine, but then you have to assume the same of the CIA
           | and 101 other countries/agencies. So you have to design and
           | build every part of all your systems nationally down to the
           | copper wire pretty much and only after you've vetted all the
           | people involved.
           | 
           | Just so your 5G system can't be turned off?
        
             | joejerryronnie wrote:
             | While it's true that various US and foreign agencies can
             | (and already are) tap into communication networks, that is
             | a very different scenario than what you see in China, i.e.
             | the state essentially taking control of private companies
             | whenever they want.
        
               | LatteLazy wrote:
               | I don't see why?
               | 
               | We know the US used the NSA to gain an economic edge in
               | negotiations with the EU. It even shared the information
               | commercially didn't it?
               | 
               | I don't think the US would hesitate to interfere for a
               | moment if it wanted. The EU is already under US sanctions
               | for building a gas pipeline with Russia. There is the
               | Iran situation and the wider Middle East and North Africa
               | messes and Turkey. Plenty of places for a disagreement to
               | form...
               | 
               | The EU has no major beef with China (I would prefer if
               | they did, there is a lot to oppose about the PRC). China
               | also has a much more isolationist/localist foreign policy
               | so they're less likely to act and less likely to come
               | into conflict with the EU.
               | 
               | Edit:
               | 
               | Source on spying:
               | 
               | https://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/30/world/europe/eu-
               | nsa/index...
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/21/business/us-snooping-
               | on-c...
               | 
               | On sanctions:
               | 
               | https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-countries-protest-us-
               | sanc...
        
         | baskire wrote:
         | Doesn't matter. See Australia. The CCP would gladly withhold
         | teleco infra gear or back door in an update to suit their
         | needs.
         | 
         | Sure USA might do the same. But the USA is aligned closer
         | culturally and values wise to the rest of the west
        
       | knorker wrote:
       | So I'll finally be able to run OpenGGSN in production?!
        
       | afrojack123 wrote:
       | doofus
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | For those of you interested in a little of the history leading up
       | to this point, particularly from a European perspective, you
       | might find this of interest from me, written in 2019. A number of
       | events lead up to our present dilemma.
       | https://blog.eutopian.io/huawei-5g/
        
       | bhaavan wrote:
       | Reliance Jio, a major player in India, is working on a OpenRAN
       | based solution too [1]. Airtel, one of it's rivals is considering
       | a similar approach , potentially joining in the efforts.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/for-home-
       | grow...
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-25 23:00 UTC)