[HN Gopher] Making is show business now (2020)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Making is show business now (2020)
        
       Author : hgarg
       Score  : 159 points
       Date   : 2021-01-25 12:14 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (alexdanco.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (alexdanco.com)
        
       | danschumann wrote:
       | I up voted based on the converse application to the headline,
       | wherein a programmer makes his program more fun by adding ah
       | fictional character to do his logging statements like a story.
        
       | sgillen wrote:
       | This is pretty discouraging honestly, from the perspective of
       | what the article calls a "fan". I like to make small
       | contributions to projects I use when I can, but I don't become a
       | core dev on any of them.
       | 
       | Is it really not worth the maintainers time to merge a bug fix or
       | look at an issue I opened? Are they just doing it as "fan
       | service"?
       | 
       | Genuinely, does this type of "participation" really waste more
       | time than it saves on the whole?
       | 
       | That seems to be the implication of the article. I wonder if any
       | open source maintainers can chime in.
        
         | titanomachy wrote:
         | The article doesn't say large fan bases are useless, just that
         | managing them requires a different skill set (and possibly
         | personality type) than conventional team management or pure dev
         | work.
        
       | centimeter wrote:
       | This is one of my primary objections to the cultural shift of the
       | last 10 years towards trying to attract tons of random people,
       | especially special interest groups, into open source software
       | development. If they weren't naturally going to contribute anyway
       | in the previous environment, the expected value of their
       | contribution in the current environment is very low. Possibly
       | negative after considering the drain on the maintainer(s).
        
       | milesvp wrote:
       | I think the author is missing a key point in that software is
       | vastly more complex than it was in the 90's. The few times I've
       | tried to contribute to open source, I spent more time trying to
       | convince projects that my pull requests fixed the problem without
       | causing other issues. And this is largely because my fixes tend
       | to fix integration problems I had with the software. These
       | weren't small changes that could be unit tested, and setting up
       | test repro steps were non trivial. I don't blame maintainers for
       | being slow to accept these kinds of fixes, when the bugs are
       | likely to effect a small minority of users. 30 years ago you
       | could look at a patch and at least reason about it's efficacy,
       | now you have to have some idea about supporting ecosystems, and
       | not just libraries you're already using.
        
         | StillBored wrote:
         | So many of these projects are "mature" which means for many of
         | them there is a risk to accepting random pull requests. In the
         | past a growing project tended to take them without to much
         | worry under the assumption that if a patch broke something it
         | would get fixed. Now there is a fear of the effort required to
         | dig through the mountains of code to "support" someone who is
         | screaming about the code breaking.
        
         | jdxcode wrote:
         | I agree. In my experience maintaining, the work validating a PR
         | is substantially more than writing the initial code as well.
         | There is also a significant maintenance cost that falls on the
         | maintainer after the code has shipped.
         | 
         | In other words, even if your contribution is perfect, it's
         | still probably putting more work on the maintainer than you did
         | yourself.
        
       | Jugurtha wrote:
       | > _If you go back to the 90s, when we first figured out how
       | communities built software, it took a lot of work to use the
       | internet. It wasn't fast or easy, but that made it special: it
       | meant that everyone on the internet cared about it, a lot. You
       | were really committed to being there. Online communities back
       | then were like a federation of villages; each one had its own
       | culture, its own customs, and its own values. The open source
       | community was like that too, and remained so for a long time._
       | 
       | > _In these kinds of environments, attracting more users really
       | did advance open source projects, because the costs were usually
       | worth it. When a new member joined a community, they were
       | probably serious about it. There weren't many "tourists" back
       | then, so there was a real environment of camaraderie. Existing
       | users were happy to onboard you and teach you things, because
       | their effort would likely pay off as a good investment._
       | 
       | > _Since community members joined slowly and stuck around, there
       | was a lot of trust and shared context in the group. Every
       | community had a different way of working, so there was a fair
       | amount of friction preventing users from jumping around or
       | "surfing" from project to project. Groups could preserve and
       | maintain their collective motivation to keep shipping; they
       | weren't getting paid, so that motivation was everything._
       | 
       | > _It sounds pretty idyllic, and for many users back then, it
       | was. As the internet grew more popular, the old timers reliably
       | complained every September as a new crop of college freshmen
       | gained access for the first time, not knowing any of the social
       | conventions. AOL opened the floodgates in 1993, which Usenet
       | bitterly declared "Eternal September", and the internet veterans
       | have been complaining about it since._
       | 
       | > _We know what happened next with online content. The tapestry
       | of forums and newsgroups that made up the early internet
       | flourished for a while, but in the 2000s an invasive species
       | arrived: the platforms. The platforms made it so easy to create,
       | share, distribute and discover that everyone joined them,
       | smushing everything together into common, user-friendly formats
       | without the local context or nuance of the smaller groups._
       | 
       | It seems to be an: Oh, let me tell you about the good ole' days
       | when the internet sucked so badly that it amplified natural
       | selection and all the twenty people on it could hack on the Linux
       | kernel and the output was amazing. Now that any peasant can get
       | on the information highway and participate, everything is ruined.
        
         | awkward wrote:
         | The story doesn't have to be about how the old days with the
         | old barriers to entry was the way. What it's definitely about
         | is the flaws and problems in the current way, where platforms
         | collect from continuous posting and participants collect from
         | long tail effects.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | I can't help but to feel just like the author of this article.
         | 
         | I'm vastly in favor of taxing and hurdles as natural filters.
         | Mainstream spoils everything (~almost). You end up having
         | people not really into things, endless debates about side
         | features, about how to organize the projects (inclusiveness,
         | code of conducts, tooling), scandals and less about the passion
         | of doing the thing.
         | 
         | I'm often amazed at the difference in pacing and communication
         | on Mailing Lists. It's slower but denser.
        
           | deckard1 wrote:
           | Drama has always surrounded popular projects.
           | 
           | Anyone remember that Andrew Tanenbaum/Linus Torvalds
           | flamewar? That was in 1992. This debate reverberated
           | throughout the entire 1990s.
           | 
           | People didn't need Twitter to throw shade and cast doubts.
           | Usenet was a perfectly fine medium for this.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanenbaum%E2%80%93Torvalds_deb.
           | ..
           | 
           | Remember Slashdot and the "Slashdot Effect"? Slashdot was
           | pretty much a forum for FOSS. It was already mainstream. And
           | this is 1998 or so. The GNOME team caused _massive_ drama
           | when they started their campaign against Qt (and, thus, KDE)
           | on Slashdot.
           | 
           | And on that point, GNOME was a reactionary project. It was
           | not started as a community of people coming together to
           | create _good_ software. It simply wasn 't. I was there
           | (mostly observing from the Gtk+/GIMP side at the horror
           | show). Gnumeric was slapped together in like one day. It was
           | pure 100% trash code. All that CORBA, ORBit, etc. stuff was
           | tossed together. GNOME was a movement that feared KDE would
           | beat them to the "Linux on the desktop", and their initial
           | versions were designed to play catch-up with KDE's feature
           | set. I can't overstate how shit early GNOME code was. And
           | then they took to Slashdot to bash the less-than-free Qt
           | because GNOME certainly wasn't winning on merit alone.
           | 
           | The free software community has been a shitshow for as long
           | as such a thing has existed. Go back to the homebrew movement
           | and see how people reacted to Bill Gates selling proprietary
           | software.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Letter_to_Hobbyists
        
           | Jugurtha wrote:
           | It's called nostalgia, and we pretty much all have that
           | condition.
           | 
           | There are some fields or scenes where I recall how it used to
           | be magical, but I know my mind is playing with me.
           | 
           | Many people think that it's too much, too many apps, too many
           | people, too much complexity. Yes. That may be the case and
           | this may not suit everyone, especially those who lived
           | through a pretty magical period with the birth of the world
           | wide Web, or BBS, or open source movement, or the free
           | software movement. Yes, god damn, that has got to make
           | someone nostalgic. However, all that is now is not 'just'
           | ruining it. The Beatles are what they are because of all the
           | people who've never been to their concerts who wish they had
           | been, amplified by people who were there who thought Paul
           | sucked at guitar at the time. People mostly are indifferent
           | to shifts in the now, and only cling to the now when it
           | becomes the good old days or when someone makes a documentary
           | about it and we feel we belong special for belonging to
           | something that is not anymore.
           | 
           | This says much more about us, our desire to belong, to be
           | special, than it says about what reality is or was. We can
           | apply this to forums people thought sucked until they
           | disappear and the memories kick in.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | it's too much, not enough, and too many issues around
             | 
             | I like more balanced meals in a way
             | 
             | And it's a bit objective too. IRC, Mailing lists did a lot
             | with few. Now you have to have discord/slack/zulip to .. do
             | the same ? consider the average website bloat.
             | 
             | It's not pure nostalgia (I can realize my biases a bit)
        
               | Jugurtha wrote:
               | I'm not being dismissive and I'm not reducing the whole
               | piece. I still look for an IRC channel and a mailing list
               | for something by default when I want to join something.
               | 
               | The Python IRC channel and mailing lists are top notch,
               | with lengthy debates and great advice. The excerpt sounds
               | like what an old geezer, in the soul, would say. I
               | recognize it because I sometimes catch myself thinking
               | like that.
        
       | StillBored wrote:
       | In the 1990's, the only people using the software tended to be
       | people capable of debugging the problems. Now due to maturity,
       | code complexity, and the simple fact that there are a lot of
       | "users" means that its a lot bigger deal if a random patch breaks
       | something.
       | 
       | Its the result of the success of the project more than anything.
       | Now the maintainers have to start acting like real developers and
       | do the difficult/unsexy parts of maintaining something rather
       | than just hacking at the fun bits.
       | 
       | It really points out that much of what people considered the
       | strengths of the opensource model were illusions that evaporated
       | when the ratio of users/developers got very large. That doesn't
       | mean its not a valid model, only that its a mistake to think a
       | project can both be successful and popular while simultaneously
       | expecting everything to be done by volunteers.
        
       | mywittyname wrote:
       | Even with tools like github, which are supposed to make
       | collaboration easier, it is still incredibly difficult to
       | contribute meaningfully to an open source project.
       | 
       | I actually had a job where I had the privilege of modifying an
       | open source tool as part of my day-to-day job. Even there, I
       | found it very difficult to give back to the project because the
       | maintainers of the project weren't terribly interest in having or
       | maintaining the enterprise-y, cloud-y features that I was
       | implementing.
       | 
       | It seems like most OSS projects have a single key contributor /
       | BDFL who decides the direction of the project. Outside of
       | financial incentives, it's hard to get groups of people moving in
       | the same direction.
        
       | TheHideout wrote:
       | This reminds me of a book I enjoyed, Show Your Work.
       | https://austinkleon.com/show-your-work/
        
         | __jf__ wrote:
         | "Find your fellow knuckleballer"
         | 
         | He also did a SXSW talk about it:
         | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=m8v3jf8RVBk
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | fudged71 wrote:
       | I thought this was going to be about the Maker Movement and how
       | huge some of these channels have gotten on YouTube
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | > Something important changed between the 90s and today. If you
       | look at most open source projects now, the distribution of who's
       | doing the work versus who's simply there is skewed dramatically:
       | it's common to see projects where 95% of the work is done by a
       | nucleus of people, perhaps even a single developer, with a long
       | tail of "contributors"
       | 
       | Any evidence this has actually changed between the 90s and now?
       | 
       | I have a strong suspicion that it's always been this way.
       | 
       | There are exceptional projects where the work is more distributed
       | (is Linux an example?), but my suspicion is that they were
       | exceptional in the 90s and still are, and that all along most
       | projects have this "dramatic skew" as described.
       | 
       | For software of now, you can look at github. For software of the
       | 90s, 2000s... I wonder if anyone has tried to research this?
       | 
       | I definitely don't see any reason to assume it was different
       | without evidence.
        
         | z3rgl1ng wrote:
         | +1, [Citation Needed].
        
           | z3rgl1ng wrote:
           | Christ, every reply to this thread is an anecdote.
           | 
           | Please back up assertions with _some_ data point..
        
         | bergie wrote:
         | Totally anecdotal, but I feel open source projects were much
         | more community oriented in the 90s and the 00s. But after that,
         | it seems they're either driven by a company, or an individual.
         | That would roughly conform to the article's timeline of GitHub
         | adoption.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | By "community-oriented", do you mean that the distribution of
           | commits was such that more people were making more commits,
           | instead of "95% of the work is done by a nucleus of people"?
           | 
           | I'm not sure if those are the same thing, I'm just talking
           | about the distribution of work.
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | Everything has more "individuals" now, since everyone can get
           | a soapbox/megaphone, from YouTube to GitHub to Twitter to all
           | the rest.
           | 
           | And it's possible to monetize that work now, with ads and
           | micro-patrons, which is a huge drain on free and open source,
           | mitigated only (partially) by the increased ability for open
           | sourcerers to collaborate and that nowadays we're drowing in
           | software and don't really need much more new software.
           | 
           | You don't need to join a team to get noticed (and on the ugly
           | side, even though having a team helps, it's better for the
           | Personal Brand to make that team invisible)
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | Counter-anecdote: most of the small open-source projects I
           | use only have a small number of active contributors because
           | there is a small number of people who actively try to
           | contribute.
           | 
           | Projects that stop accepting PRs tend to be pronounced "dead"
           | after just a few months, but there isn't always someone
           | able/willing to fork it and keep the project going.
           | 
           | Maybe there are more projects to contribute to than before,
           | so each project gets a smaller % of the "potential
           | contributor" pool.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _Any evidence this has actually changed between the 90s and
         | now?_
         | 
         | Experience with the relevant communities (Gnome, KDE, and
         | others, etc) in the 90s and 00s.
         | 
         | One reason for the change since then is that nowadays most
         | things are more feature complete so low hanging fruits are not
         | there (higher cost to entry for newcomers and fewer things to
         | do if you're not "up there" as a developer), plus you need to
         | "compete" or "collaborate" with a number of paid developers
         | from companies like RedHat who handle most of the project and
         | steer its direction wherever the company likes.
         | 
         | Plus FOSS just isn't as glamorous as it used to be:
         | 
         | The year of "Linux of the Desktop" (which as a vision meant
         | mass adoption of Linux to win over Windows in desktops and
         | laptops, not the "but Linux is fine for desktop use today, I've
         | used it for years" or "but billions of Android phones use Linux
         | behind the scenes" we settle'd for) never came.
         | 
         | "Big" companies stopped caring about Linux except as an server
         | thing (e.g. we had Easel, Corel, and others competing for
         | desktop Linux, even IBM and others had an interest, whereas VA
         | Linux was one of the biggest IPO stories).
         | 
         | There are much less stories about the sexiness of FOSS or some
         | FOSS future, and hackers changing everything working together,
         | etc, in mainstream (not industry) media, etc.
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | Linux on the "fleet" desktop almost happened (some companies
           | and schools do it), but then webapps got big and ChromeOS
           | swept in. Now the only reason to make a non-ChromeOS "webtop"
           | fleet is if your organization is explicitly Google-free for
           | competitive/legal/political reasons.
        
         | nitrogen wrote:
         | _For software of the 90s, 2000s_
         | 
         | Check Sourceforge, Freshmeat.net archives, IRC, old anonymous
         | FTP mirrors, etc.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | Users of software care about their own workflows, their pet-
         | features, and the bugs they hit. Some are willing to put up the
         | work to patch in those features or fix those bugs and upstream
         | them. Fewer still are people who are invested enough to
         | dedicate themselves to a project as a part-time job.
         | 
         | I don't think this dynamic has changed since the dawn of open
         | source.
        
         | stonogo wrote:
         | It used to be you could email a patch to someone and that patch
         | would get reviewed and committed.
         | 
         | Since then there has sprung up a fetish for bureaucratic
         | process, and tooling has arisen to foster that, such that the
         | barrier to entry is significantly higher now than it was in the
         | 90s. All you needed was a text editor and an email account. Now
         | you need accounts on whatever code forge is involved, and you
         | didn't write enough unit tests, and you failed to properly
         | format your pull request, and what do you mean you're not an
         | expert in whatever version control we've adopted? This pull
         | request sat in an open state because you didn't tag it
         | appropriately. The CI system was updated and your code wasn't
         | covered in the automated integration test, please resubmit
         | after making minor punctuation changes in a metadata file.
         | 
         | Over time, this stuff filters out contributors and leaves a
         | core of people who are comfortable with the structure of the
         | engineering process for that specific project. It's not a bad
         | thing that engineering standards are higher, but it's no longer
         | a world of people 'scratching an itch' -- there's yak shaving
         | to be done, and the number of people willing to shave that yak
         | has always been smaller than the number of people who are not.
         | 
         | I don't think the author is right about things having been
         | harder in the old days led to a higher proportion of the
         | internet being qualified to contribute. I think it's much
         | harder now to patch software upstream than it ever has been.
        
           | throwaway2245 wrote:
           | You could re-frame 'bureaucratic process' as 'expectation
           | setting'.
           | 
           | It also benefits the contributor to know what is expected of
           | them. If you know that your contribution will be properly
           | considered when it meets the outlined expectation, then it is
           | easier to put in the effort to contribute.
        
           | microtherion wrote:
           | > It used to be you could email a patch to someone and that
           | patch would get reviewed and committed.
           | 
           | May I ask what communities you were involved in, and when?
           | 
           | Even formatting patches so they could be reliably applied was
           | a nontrivial matter. It was not uncommon for them to be
           | applied manually (and sometimes faultily). Sometimes you
           | would mail patches to maintainers directly, other times you
           | would share them on mailing lists, where they would undergo a
           | bit of "social review" (works for me!) and would or would not
           | be applied.
           | 
           | Some people just mailed entire modified files and expected
           | maintainers to figure out the changes on their own.
           | 
           | As for "committed", many maintainers may not even have used
           | source code control (notably Linus didn't use any), and I
           | can't recall a single project with publicly accessible
           | repositories in the 1990s as opposed to tarball releases.
           | 
           | > All you needed was a text editor and an email account. Now
           | you need accounts on whatever code forge is involved [...]
           | 
           | Getting an account on any of these code forges in 2020 is
           | almost certainly much easier than getting an e-mail account
           | at all in the early 1990s for many people.
           | 
           | I don't agree with the author that contributing was easier in
           | the 1990s. Generally, it involved a bit of a social process,
           | trivial drive by fixes were not any more popular than today,
           | there were coding standards to be observed (and not always
           | written ones), in larger projects, you could expect to
           | navigate some flame wars, and sometimes your contributions
           | were rejected anyway because RMS decided to cancel your OS.
        
             | tom_ wrote:
             | Very much mirrors my experience. Github provides a very
             | useful project-independent unified UI for drive-by patches
             | and off-the-cuff issues. No more mailing lists or bug
             | trackers to sign up for and manage!
             | 
             | And it's also even got an integrated version control
             | system, that 99.9% of projects then use, and it's one that
             | makes it easy to version control a fork of your own as you
             | work on any patches you might be making.
             | 
             | Progress!
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | In my experience, bureaucracy is mostly uncorrelated with the
           | willingness of a project to accept a PR from a new
           | contributor.
           | 
           | Homebrew has very strict contribution requirements but has a
           | huge number of contributors and is generally easy to
           | contribute to. Meanwhile there are lots of little projects
           | that go dead for lack of interest by the sole maintainer in
           | reviewing and merging patches.
           | 
           | Also this:
           | 
           |  _Since then there has sprung up a fetish for bureaucratic
           | process, and tooling has arisen to foster that, such that the
           | barrier to entry is significantly higher now than it was in
           | the 90s. All you needed was a text editor and an email
           | account. Now you need accounts on whatever code forge is
           | involved, and you didn 't write enough unit tests, and you
           | failed to properly format your pull request, and what do you
           | mean you're not an expert in whatever version control we've
           | adopted? This pull request sat in an open state because you
           | didn't tag it appropriately. The CI system was updated and
           | your code wasn't covered in the automated integration test,
           | please resubmit after making minor punctuation changes in a
           | metadata file._
           | 
           | Doesn't really make sense to me. How many projects have you
           | actually had this problem with?
           | 
           |  _I don 't think the author is right about things having been
           | harder in the old days led to a higher proportion of the
           | internet being qualified to contribute. I think it's much
           | harder now to patch software upstream than it ever has been._
           | 
           | For some people, using Git and Github is a barrier to entry.
           | For others, submitting a patch to a mailing list is a barrier
           | to entry.
        
           | ekiwi wrote:
           | > It used to be you could email a patch to someone and that
           | patch would get reviewed and committed.
           | 
           | Yes, but 1990 is also when this study came out:
           | https://ftp.cs.wisc.edu/par-distr-
           | sys/technical_papers/fuzz....
           | 
           | They find that a lot of UNIX tools could be easily crashed by
           | generating random inputs. The quality of our most popular
           | open source software has dramatically improved over the last
           | 30 years.
        
         | jdbernard wrote:
         | Another component, I think, is the difference between being
         | able to work on whatever you want vs. having to follow a
         | roadmap dictated by project leadership. Other commenters have
         | touched on this (pointing out the decline of community
         | orientation, rise of corporate oversight, or the fading
         | glamour, for example), but no one has identified it directly.
         | 
         | The article points out that we collectively re-examined Brook's
         | rule, going from "adding more engineers to a project makes it
         | ship later" to "if you need to get more work done, go attract
         | more contributors." I think the evidence shows it's more
         | nuanced.
         | 
         | If you have a large amount of potential tasks and a large pool
         | of potential contributors, and little strong preference for
         | which tasks get done (OSS in the 90's maybe) then highly self-
         | motivated people can pick up work they find interesting or
         | which are useful for them. You can then avoid the exponential
         | explosion of communication/coordination overhead by empowering
         | those individual contributors to make their own decisions about
         | how that work should be done. This is how OSS can scale to
         | hundreds of contributors.
         | 
         | Once you introduce some sort of top-down planning that dictates
         | which tasks are important, the blessed approaches, strict
         | coding patterns etc. then you demotivate a large number of
         | contributors who don't share the top-down priorities and you
         | have to pay the exponential overhead cost of distributed
         | coordination to enforce the top-down priorities.
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-26 23:00 UTC)