[HN Gopher] How to Be Clear
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       How to Be Clear
        
       Author : hypomnemata
       Score  : 115 points
       Date   : 2021-01-28 16:18 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (gilest.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (gilest.org)
        
       | murgaan wrote:
       | This makes me sad. Instead of educating ourselves, we're supposed
       | to give up and write for the lowest common denominator, whose
       | reading skills continue to erode. I don't need my technical
       | documents to read like DFW, but let's not take all the fun out of
       | it.
        
         | hackerbob wrote:
         | It shouldn't. Everyone's time should be respected. Clarity and
         | conciseness in writing or in speech is a great way to show
         | that.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | I think those are two separate matters:
         | 
         | Indeed the average reading skills seem to continue to erode
         | (or, at least, attention spans have been shown to decline, the
         | Flynn effect has stalled, and functional iliteracacy of
         | supposedly educated people is at an all times high)
         | 
         | ... but we still should strive for clarity, whether we're
         | addressing the average Joe or DFW (perhaps you've meant EWD?).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | jcun4128 wrote:
       | I did notice it's easy to mislead/derail people trying to help
       | you by not being clear... I always feel awkward when that
       | happens.
       | 
       | (context of debugging)
        
       | tzmudzin wrote:
       | ,,Clarity of writing usually follows clarity of thought. So think
       | what you want to say, then say it as simply as possible." (from:
       | The Economist Style Guide)
       | 
       | I recommend the whole Guide wholeheartedly.
        
         | FPGAhacker wrote:
         | Not really commenting on the guide, but for me, clarity of
         | thought follows writing. Not the reverse.
        
           | munificent wrote:
           | Yup. For me the process is something like:
           | 
           | 1. Think that I know something.
           | 
           | 2. Write about it. Realize I didn't know it anywhere near as
           | well as I thought.
           | 
           | 3. Reflect on and actually understand thing.
           | 
           | 4. Edit writing now that I actually know what the hell I'm
           | talking about.
        
           | munchbunny wrote:
           | Same, I usually end up writing anything important twice
           | because the first draft is when I realize all of the things I
           | hadn't thought through.
        
       | throwawayboise wrote:
       | Related to this topic, from 2017
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14808374
        
       | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
       | Tangentially, this is obviously targeting business or team
       | communication and it's a great collection of practical advice.
       | 
       | It made me wonder what the corollary rule set would be when
       | writing fiction. The advice: "Always start by thinking about what
       | you want an audience to understand, know, or do after they've
       | seen a piece of communication," could be expanded to include
       | 'feel' or 'envision' or 'wonder'. In some ways, it would call for
       | de-tuning the precision and intentionally introducing vagueness,
       | demotic or evocative language.
        
       | cambalache wrote:
       | "Resist the urge to appear smart"
        
         | pattisapu wrote:
         | "I quite agree with you," said the Duchess; "and the moral of
         | that is -- `Be what you would seem to be' -- or, if you'd like
         | it put more simply -- `Never imagine yourself not to be
         | otherwise than what it might appear to others that what you
         | were or might have been was not otherwise than what you had
         | been would have appeared to them to be otherwise.'" -- Lewis
         | Carrol, "Alice in Wonderland"
        
       | 50 wrote:
       | Clarity in (argumentative, essay, etc) writing is taking upmost
       | care of your reader: you want to _hold the hand of the reader_
       | and guide them towards a new understanding with little to no
       | strain.
        
       | gjvc wrote:
       | "Think about what your readers might already know."
       | 
       | This alone is an excellent starting point. You know the feeling
       | of dismay when someone starts talking beneath your level of
       | understanding and you fear they'll never go above it? Thinking
       | about what your audience (written or spoken) might already know
       | is the intelligent, considerate, and efficacious thing to do.
        
         | brundolf wrote:
         | And the opposite is exceedingly frustrating: when someone
         | starts explaining something in terms of base concepts you've
         | never even heard of, and you have to stop them every few
         | seconds to fill in the blanks (and then some of those
         | explanations have holes of their own, etc). In some cases you
         | may be so new to a topic that you don't even know which
         | questions to ask, so it's impossible for you to shepherd them
         | into telling you what you need to know.
        
       | sylvainr65 wrote:
       | Excellent post. I should add that text formating is almost as
       | important as what you want to say.
       | 
       | 11 short sentences addressing 4 points packed in a single
       | paragraph is really painfull to read.
       | 
       | Use paragraphs, new lines and bullet points as much as you can.
       | 
       | Let the reader breath.
        
       | ape4 wrote:
       | For the sharps bin a diagram or icon would be useful.
        
       | munificent wrote:
       | I'm personally not a fan of the author's writing style. You can
       | fetishize minimalism and clarity to the point that it undermines
       | your goal. But the content here is good. In TODO list form, I
       | suggest anyone writing something think through:
       | 
       | 1. Who are you writing to?
       | 
       | 2. Why are you writing to them?
       | 
       | 3. What do you want them to know?
       | 
       | 4. What do they already know?
       | 
       | 5. What style of writing is most effective for this audience and
       | intention?
       | 
       | What remains is to use 5 to describe the difference between 4 and
       | 3 in order to accomplish 2. The primary challenge is that 1 is
       | often not a single person and the wider the audience you choose,
       | the fuzzier all of the subsequent answers become. The single best
       | thing you can do to become a stronger writer is to be courageous
       | about selecting a narrow audience.
        
         | wombatmobile wrote:
         | Your list is a much easier read, and consequently a far more
         | effective communication than the article.
         | 
         | The last two sentences are not required and could be omitted
         | for clarity, or at least truncated beyond the conjunction "and"
         | in sentence two of your last paragraph.
        
         | wtetzner wrote:
         | > 4. What do they already know?
         | 
         | Yeah, I've found that this is what's most commonly overlooked
         | when communicated with people at work. They either spend too
         | much time explaining things you already know, or assume context
         | you don't have.
        
           | Ma8ee wrote:
           | I very much prefer when they explain too much than too
           | little. Yeah, it might be boring to listen to or you might
           | have to skim a big part of the text, but that is much better
           | than being lost.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | It's not always easy though to get a good idea of where
           | people currently are on a potentially decades-long
           | multidimensional learning curve. You need a back-and-forth
           | dialog to home in on the right level.
        
             | wtetzner wrote:
             | It may not be easy, but I think it's the area that needs
             | the most focus, at least at my company.
        
         | MaxBarraclough wrote:
         | > I'm personally not a fan of the author's writing style.
         | 
         | Agreed. The paragraphs are too short and are not as
         | freestanding as they should be. For instance the following
         | should have been folded into the preceding paragraph, which
         | provided the vital context:
         | 
         | > _But that's often the cause of the failure._
         | 
         | I also find it jarring to read a sentence beginning with _and_
         | or _but_ , although not everyone agrees with me that it's poor
         | style.
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | I find myself beginning sentences with conjunctions. I try to
           | edit it out most of the time, but I'm not fanatical about it.
           | I think it reads more clearly to the original writer than it
           | does to a reader.
           | 
           | You're absolutely correct about the paragraphs. A paragraph
           | is a tool for organizing your document. If you have only one
           | sentence per paragraph, you're sacrificing that tool. You
           | already have the period to separate sentences, so you should
           | use paragraph separators to group sentences into a coherent
           | thought.
           | 
           | The rule of thumb is 3-5 sentences per paragraph. It's not
           | ironclad, but if you find yourself breaking it often, you're
           | probably doing something wrong.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | There is a specific case where you start a sentence with
           | 'but': when you want to give someone time to accept the
           | previous statement before demolishing it. This is what we all
           | know, and we all agree that we see it. But what we know is
           | not right, and here's why.
           | 
           | If a person is using And and But equally, they just like the
           | mental pause between their statements. The period is more of
           | an ellipsis. If your reader needs a mental pause before an
           | And, before a second piece of information, maybe your
           | information is too dense and you should free the new
           | information to stand alone. Possibly in a new paragraph.
           | 
           | As in, "The other thing that's cool about this process is
           | that it also does blah. Which is useful for these reasons..."
           | 
           | I don't know how other people develop a theory of a system,
           | but if you want to change mine, if _I_ want to change mine, I
           | have to  'walk into it' see what's wrong with it, deconstruct
           | it and put it back together the new way. If you don't bring
           | me through this, I'm going to make you stop talking, back up,
           | and walk me through it anyway. Otherwise your next best
           | outcome is that later than night when I'm brushing my teeth I
           | realize you're right and we pick it back up tomorrow. If it's
           | in writing, I can only make you back up by skipping back a
           | few paragraphs, or writing a response that you may or may
           | see. If your proposal is too woo, I'll just be writing you
           | off entirely.
        
       | glacials wrote:
       | The MIT OpenCourseWare talk _How to Speak_ by Patrick Winston is
       | a great lecture on this subject: https://youtu.be/Unzc731iCUY
        
       | drewcoo wrote:
       | This advice is for getting people to understand without much
       | thinking. That's not always the goal.
        
       | foobarbecue wrote:
       | Is "PLEASE REMEMBER TO PARTIALLY CLOSE THE SHARPS BIN" supposed
       | to be an example of doing this correctly, or incorrectly? I find
       | the notice unclear, but it's also unclear what point the author
       | is trying to make by using this image.
        
         | MauranKilom wrote:
         | The fun part is that this depends entirely on the audience. Not
         | only the demographic, but also what prior instructions they
         | received.
         | 
         | Seeing that sign without further context, I assume this is a
         | bin full of sharpies (could be wrong), and that it is supposed
         | to be left slightly open. How closed "partially" closed is I
         | would have to guess.
         | 
         | But if this is for a group of students in an art class that
         | have all been clearly instructed how to handle this bin (see
         | "remember to"), it might be the perfect reminder. Meaning
         | "Close it to the degree you've been shown in the first lesson".
        
           | FPGAhacker wrote:
           | I know this is beside the point... It's a bin for medical
           | waste in the form of things that can break the skin. Used
           | needles etc. It's a special bin that once completely closed
           | is intentionally quite difficult to open again.
        
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       (page generated 2021-01-28 23:01 UTC)