[HN Gopher] 1991's PC technology was unbelievable (2011)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       1991's PC technology was unbelievable (2011)
        
       Author : doener
       Score  : 67 points
       Date   : 2021-02-27 07:46 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.zdnet.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.zdnet.com)
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | The 50mhz 486 in 1991 had about 9 years of use before total
       | obsolesce. not bad
        
       | stakkur wrote:
       | _That storm was the Microsoft and the GUI storm that would
       | eventually bring us to the computing model we are using today_
       | 
       | Huh? I'm wondering if the writer knew there Macintoshes (and
       | Amigas!) with GUIs over a half-dozen years before 1991. And
       | Windows 3.0--I was there, and used it--was bloody _awful_.
        
       | hiram112 wrote:
       | > And oh look at the column on the left, Apple is going to
       | license Mac OS to expand market share. How open!
       | 
       | That would have been nice had it ever happened.
        
         | robotresearcher wrote:
         | The licensing did happen. There were licensed Mac clones for a
         | while.
        
         | zeckalpha wrote:
         | It did. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_clone
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | The sociological/anthropological aspect of this are interesting.
       | 
       | 1991: 100MB = serious work
       | 
       | 2021: 100MB = so tiny you can't buy storage that small, can't be
       | serious
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | I remember trying to buy a 2 GB SD card once for an old device
         | that didn't support SDHC/SDXC. Was almost laughed out of the
         | store.
        
       | deadlyllama wrote:
       | Multiple boot floppies? Never had to do that. I was very excited
       | by the new version of DR-DOS that let you build a menu system in
       | CONFIG.SYS to load a different set of drivers and memory
       | managmemt at start up.
       | 
       | Also the wierd IRQ issues. Simpler when you had to set them with
       | header pins on the card in question. When early plug and play
       | came in it was awful, automatic IRQ conflicts and sometimes no
       | way to change them. Was a real pain when the knock off sound
       | blaster clone I had would auto assign itself anything other than
       | IRQ 5 and some games would stop making sounds!
        
         | rusk wrote:
         | dwcfgmg.sys had my heart broke
        
           | qubex wrote:
           | The Dos & Windows Configuration Manager... if I remember
           | correctly bridged the gap between DOS and Plug 'n' Play (or
           | Pray) functionality.
           | 
           | If one were not touched by good fortune whilst specifying,
           | assembling, and configuring one's system, then one might
           | reasonably expect interact much too often with this obscure
           | system component.
           | 
           | (Kind of like mDNSResponder on OS X.)
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | > early plug and play
         | 
         | Also known as plug and pray. Yes, I remember that time.
        
         | unnouinceput wrote:
         | Yeah, that irked me too when I read the article. I had only one
         | boot disk, with a very stuffy CONFIG.SYS/AUTOEXEC.BAT that was
         | running like 12 different configurations for what I wanted to
         | run. Sure, I had to Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart but the diskette
         | never left the A: drive. Actually I still have that diskette
         | virtualized inside of one of my DosBox VM's.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Ah, ViewMax memories in DR-DOS 5.0.
        
         | Firehawke wrote:
         | I had problems with that all the way into Windows 98. I had a
         | motherboard that would not stop sharing IRQs between a WinTV
         | PCI card and the onboard audio. Attempting to use the TV
         | capture card would crash the system, and there was literally no
         | way to stop the motherboard from doing it.
         | 
         | XP, and the hardware of that new era, for all its faults was a
         | HUGE step forward on UPnP.
        
         | phicoh wrote:
         | As far as I recall that was not a hardware problem. ISA PnP
         | cards describe what they can do and then the driver picks one
         | of the possibilities and programs the card.
         | 
         | It got fun when real sound blasters had broken config, so a
         | generic driver (for a unix system) would fail.
         | 
         | In my experience (playing with unix) IRQ conflicts was much
         | more a dos/windows problem than hardware. Though the hardware
         | was nasty too.
        
       | forgotmypw17 wrote:
       | I still use Word 97 for most of my writing, because it never nags
       | me for anything, it's always ready to go in a split-second, even
       | though it's running inside a VM, and it always saves a file with
       | no more than two keypresses, one if it's already been saved
       | before.
       | 
       | (Clippy is an optional component I did not install, as much as I
       | miss that face sometimes.)
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | When I boot an old box (win95, nt5) I'm surprised at how few
         | things I miss.. and how some things feels better. Go figure ..
        
           | forgotmypw17 wrote:
           | I use it regularly for compatibility testing. Here are a few
           | things I find myself missing in relatively modern computing,
           | off the top of my head:
           | 
           | Accessibility. Everything, every single little nook and
           | cranny is keyboard-accessible. And I mean accessible not in
           | the sense that I can keep pressing the Tab key, and
           | eventually the barely-visible focus rectangle may arrive at
           | the control I want to use. I mean, everything has a visile
           | keyboard shortcut, and the Tab key also works, and the focus
           | rectangle is visible, and it works every time, not just when
           | the application feels like it.
           | 
           | Keypresses don't get dropped from the buffer even while the
           | application is thinking.
           | 
           | Fast as heck startup time. Fast menus. Fast application
           | startup. Fast, fast, fast. My current daily driver is a
           | 10-year-old laptop with a spinny drive, and Windows 95 is
           | running inside a VM, which is competing for resources with my
           | entire dev environment, so it's not like the hardware is not
           | comparable to what it was designed for.
           | 
           | Consistency in look and operation. Everything has the same
           | widgets and dialogs, and they all work about the same way, at
           | least between Microsoft apps. Netscape and other browsers are
           | a different story.
           | 
           | Flat, dull, boring interface. Everything is a flat gray,
           | nothing is shiny, nothing is animated. Everything is a frame
           | around the work that I'm doing, and feels like it wants to
           | just help me, assist me with what I'm doing, and then get out
           | of the way.
           | 
           | Oh yeah, and I the Save and Open File dialogs are fully-
           | featured file managers with sorting, multi-select, copy,
           | paste, rename, the works.
           | 
           | And IE6 is challenging to develop for, but I fucking love
           | using it. It feels just like the Windows UI (Trident, after
           | all), it's snappy, has focus rectangles on everything, and
           | modern enough to have a DOM with all the works like
           | createElement() getElementById().
           | 
           | IE3 has the most beautiful toolbar of any browser I've seen
           | to date, and also has focus rectangles and basic CSS support.
           | I can still use it to post to my blog.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | yes, yes, and yes. mostly yes.
             | 
             | another factor is that computers were limited in
             | presentation and computation, they'd present to you
             | abstracted, dull tables and operations on data. But it did
             | serious jobs. Now we have extremely (extremely, as a CGI
             | fan, I cannot deny that) fancy presentation systems, but
             | the actual data displayed is linear list of paragraphs, a
             | few pictures and data points. Well computer is
             | hypermainstream so obviously it talks to the average user..
             | but it says something about what computing was and is now.
        
         | sys_64738 wrote:
         | No product activation either. Those were the days.
        
         | 0df8dkdf wrote:
         | word perfect for me!
        
         | qubex wrote:
         | Yes, I agree: Office '97, 2000, and XP were the high points of
         | that lineage as far as my experience goes. But I stopped using
         | Office when I switched to Mac in 2003 and have used Word and
         | Excel occasionally since then (preferring the iWork suite's
         | analogues Pages and Numbers respectively).
        
         | kcartlidge wrote:
         | Similar with me for old non-naggy tech.
         | 
         | I'm on an Apple Silicon MacBook Air but still often run
         | WordPerfect 4.2 and DataEase 4.53 under DosBox (also Boxer is
         | good but not tried it on M1 yet).
         | 
         | BTW if you're interested in the nuts and bolts of running
         | WordPerfect DOS in emulation, Columbia University (NYC) has a
         | great site at http://www.columbia.edu/~em36/wpdos/ which may
         | even help fixing other DOS software issues.
        
           | forgotmypw17 wrote:
           | For Word 97, I find that a Windows ME install in VirtualBox
           | works better than Wine.
        
         | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
         | Not to mention the price - you can easily buy it for $10, and
         | it's really blazing fast. I wouldn't use it for complex
         | documents though.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | This resonates with many things from 80's, 90's and even well
         | into 2000's.
         | 
         | There has been a severe erosion since then. From car dashboards
         | to web design, software apps to online communities - it's an
         | erosion on all fronts.
         | 
         | Fuck everything after 2010. It sucks. Fight me.
        
           | Firehawke wrote:
           | Well, the PS4 is certainly better than the PS3 and I'd say
           | the Nintendo Switch is certainly better than the Wii. Modern
           | ARM chips are certainly better than what we had in 2009 in
           | every respect. There are certainly things that did improve,
           | though I agree a lot of things did regress-- I'm just saying
           | that not EVERYTHING regressed. It's all about perspective.
        
             | grishka wrote:
             | > Well, the PS4 is certainly better than the PS3
             | 
             | I don't know about PS3, but the thing that bugs me about
             | PS4 is that it requires installing games. It can't just run
             | a game straight off the disc like PS1 and PS2 did, it has
             | to copy it to its hard drive first.
             | 
             | > Modern ARM chips are certainly better than what we had in
             | 2009 in every respect.
             | 
             | Modern processors are, generally, great and very fast,
             | regardless of the instruction set. Their greatness is
             | usually compensated with mediocre software that is being
             | constantly rushed to meet imaginary deadlines that no user
             | cares about. The result is that the end user never really
             | realizes how fast and capable modern hardware actually is.
        
             | dvfjsdhgfv wrote:
             | I really miss Kinect though. Yes I know everybody wants me
             | to put on a VR headset but I just want to move in front of
             | my screen and have fun without forcing on myself something
             | I don't feel comfortable with. I recently tried to play
             | Power Up Heroes online. At first, I thought something was
             | wrong with my Live account, but no - I just couldn't find
             | anybody to play online. A quick look at the leaderboard
             | showed two records. In the whole world.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | Hah, it was mostly a tongue in cheek comment with a broad
             | stroke, of course you're 100% right.
        
           | forgotmypw17 wrote:
           | Fortunately, I think the pendulum has already passed its
           | highest mark, and is already picking up momentum in the other
           | direction.
           | 
           | And this time around, it will be even better!
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | The progression of hardware has stopped the progression for
           | software. As a result, developing software has become so easy
           | that we're running Electron in spacecraft right now because
           | who even bothers learning to properly use the native UI
           | toolkits in $currentYear.
           | 
           | Windows XP was considered a memory hog because it needed a
           | whopping 256MiB of RAM to run properly. I run text editors
           | that use more of that these days, and they still feel slower
           | than notepad felt on XP.
        
           | nrb wrote:
           | A change in perspective might be helpful. If you only look
           | for the bad, that's all you'll see.
           | 
           | We have, among countless other things:
           | 
           | - mobile devices, networks, and services that are allowing
           | developing countries to leapfrog their progress in the world
           | 
           | - development toolchains and frameworks that empower a single
           | person to create an order of magnitude more output, enabling
           | smaller teams or even solo enterprises to create major value
           | 
           | - reusable rockets bringing high quality and affordable
           | internet access to the underserved
           | 
           | - mass produced electric vehicles for goodness sake!!
           | 
           | And that's only a few tech-related advancements, the world is
           | largely moving in the right direction in so many areas. I'd
           | never bet against the steady drumbeat of technological
           | progress.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | I am not trying to look for good things.
             | 
             | We need to look at what we can improve. Of course things
             | have improved, but not uniformly across all domains and
             | many things have gotten worse.
             | 
             | If we keep patting ourselves on back, these too will
             | degrade. Using hindsight to definitively say what has
             | gotten worse is how we improve including the things you are
             | mentioning.
        
             | forgotmypw17 wrote:
             | There is plenty of good to appreciate in every moment of
             | every day, and it's helpful to do that. Even in software,
             | there are a few standout gems which were not around just a
             | few years ago.
             | 
             | However, this particular thread seems to be about the
             | quality user-facing software, which, overall, has been on a
             | continuous nosedive for about 10 years, and every time I
             | think it can't get any worse, someone figured out a new way
             | to make it suck.
        
         | prvc wrote:
         | >Word 97
         | 
         | Is there a FOSS program with a comparable user experience?
        
           | forgotmypw17 wrote:
           | Not that I have seen. I'm way into FOSS, but I'm compromising
           | on this because nothing even comes close.
           | 
           | It was made at a time when Microsoft cared a lot about user
           | experience, poured millions of dollars into user studies,
           | design, and ensuring that every pixel was perfect, every
           | function was keyboard-accessible, and every workflow was
           | smooth. And it shows.
           | 
           | Trying to use e.g. LibreOffice or Google Docs, after that,
           | it's like comparing a science fair project made by a kid who
           | just wanted to pass with a C versus an A+ student whose
           | project was also made by their parents, who also happen to be
           | scientists.
        
           | marcodiego wrote:
           | Abiword.
        
             | klodolph wrote:
             | No.
             | 
             | I've used Abiword a bit, but it has been a few years, and
             | Abiword doesn't really come close to the Microsoft Word
             | experience back in the day. People generally have their
             | favorite MS Word version that they like before it "went
             | downhill", and mine is Word 5.1a for Macintosh. This is the
             | last version of Microsoft Word that was specifically
             | designed as a Macintosh application, rather than a cross-
             | platform application with a Mac port.
             | 
             | Microsoft's turned out some very high-quality Mac
             | applications in the 1990s and 2000s. Another notable one is
             | Internet Explorer 5, which is _unrelated_ to the infamous
             | Internet Explorer 5 for Windows (the one with poor
             | standards compliance), other than the fact that the
             | products are made by the same company, have the same name,
             | and have the same version number.
        
             | forgotmypw17 wrote:
             | Abiword is decent. I open it, and I start typing right
             | away, no dialogs. The startup time is rather fast.
             | 
             | However, saving does not provide me with a default
             | filename, so there is friction there.
             | 
             | In the status bar, the indicator text runs right up to the
             | border edge, nobody took the time to ensure vertical and
             | horizontal spacing matches up.
             | 
             | The menubar does not provide keyboard accelerators until
             | after I press the Alt key -- too late in terms of
             | discoverability.
             | 
             | The cursor actually disappears when I use the arrow keys to
             | move around. It's not even blinking, it's just GONE, until
             | I stop using the arrow keys, then reappears after a delay.
             | 
             | The spell-checker finds an spelling mistake in both
             | "Abiword" and "abiword".
             | 
             | Using only the keyboard, I cannot figure out how to change
             | the font size, except by going through the Format->Font
             | menu. The Font dialog has invisible or nearly-invisible
             | focus rectangles on most controls.
             | 
             | I just installed it to write this comment, and I found all
             | this stuff in the first five or so minutes of using it.
             | 
             | It's a nice little word processor, and I'd use it in a
             | pinch, but it's no Word 97.
        
               | boogies wrote:
               | I think some of these things can be fixed in Abiword and
               | other apps with GTK configuration. Eg.:
               | 
               | > The menubar does not provide keyboard accelerators
               | until after I press the Alt key -- too late in terms of
               | discoverability.
               | 
               | I think this is a GTK theme setting that you can override
               | https://askubuntu.com/questions/329668/always-show-
               | keyboard-...
        
               | forgotmypw17 wrote:
               | thanks
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | HugoDaniel wrote:
       | prince bypass megahit
        
       | piokoch wrote:
       | Remarks about IBMs OS/2 are very true, but there was one more
       | aspect: Win 3.1 was coming on 2 floppy discs, OS/2 was coming on
       | 10 or more, can't remember exactly, but this was something huge,
       | bigger than anything else at that time. But, indeed, technically
       | that was a great achievement.
        
         | wazoox wrote:
         | MS-DOS up to 4.1 was coming on 2 floppies, but Windows 3.1 came
         | on a whole bunch of them (probably no less that 10). Windows 95
         | ans OS/2 came on a enormous stack of floppies, more than 20. I
         | did this install more then once back then.
        
           | aduitsis wrote:
           | I had installed Windows 3.0 on the 20Mb HDD of my Hyundai 16v
           | (8088, 10MHz!) via 20 360Kbyte floppies :)
           | 
           | (edit, yes Windows 3.0 could use CGA 640x200 with 1 bit
           | colour)
        
         | Firehawke wrote:
         | Windows 3.1 was on 7 disks, with the last disk being printer
         | drivers.
         | 
         | This is a beta version, but still should demonstrate nicely:
         | https://ia801800.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/30...
        
       | chadlavi wrote:
       | stopped reading at "If you believe the Steve Jobs iPad snake oil"
       | 
       |  _eyeroll_
        
       | _the_inflator wrote:
       | This article is really about PC nerd nostalgia. From the "If you
       | believe the Steve Jobs iPad snake oil" sentiment to mentions of
       | Token Ring and IRQ conflicts - I loved it. Memory lane! :D
        
       | coreyhn wrote:
       | To clarify, 1991 was 30 years ago so is it zdnet's 30th
       | anniversary or were they founded in 2001 and this is just a
       | bigger reflection beyond that?
        
         | wyldfire wrote:
         | Ten years ago, this article was published. For their 20th
         | anniversary.
        
           | coreyhn wrote:
           | Thank you for pointing that out. Totally missed the 2011 at
           | the end of the link
        
       | drewg123 wrote:
       | While Linus was just starting Linux in 1991, there was also Net/2
       | which came out in 1991. Net/2 was 4.3BSD with the AT&T code
       | removed, and is the precursor to all of today's BSDs.
       | 
       | In a lot of ways 1992 and 1993 were more interesting than 1991,
       | as they saw the first releases of Slackware, FreeBSD, NetBSD,
       | Windows NT, Solaris, etc.
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | Oh man, all that high memory stuff brings back memories. In 1991
       | my dad and I custom build a 486-33 (for way cheaper than the
       | $7,000 quoted in the article). After I got it all set up, I spend
       | _hours_ tuning my config.sys and autoexec.bat. Not only did you
       | have to put stuff in high memory, but you had to do it in the
       | right order. There were programs that would help, but you could
       | tweak it manually for added efficiency.
       | 
       | I remember how proud I was when I tried every combination and got
       | max efficiency.
        
       | DanBC wrote:
       | > Very few PCs had CD-ROM drives and multimedia software was
       | nearly non-existent on the PC platform.
       | 
       | Transferring data meant either a stack of floppies, or something
       | like LapLink which used a special cable for the parallel port, or
       | a null-modem cable for the serial port. LapLink could transfer at
       | 115200 baud. And it cost over $100 1990s dollars.
       | 
       | https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kggOZ4-YEKUC&pg=PA92&red...
        
         | brandonmenc wrote:
         | > LapLink which used a special cable for the parallel port
         | 
         | One summer, I used a similar product called Brooklyn Bridge to
         | hook our old 286 with 40 MB HDD to our 386 tower because I ran
         | out of disk space. The filesystem mounted with no problems, and
         | I played the VGA remake of Quest for Glory over it. It was
         | unbearably slow, but I still thought it was awesome.
        
         | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
         | > Transferring data meant either a stack of floppies,
         | 
         | Not often. Usually one floppy (maybe two) would suffice:
         | programs and data were proportionally smaller. And if you had
         | two floppy drives, as many computers did, this was no big deal.
         | 
         | The only time you needed "a stack of floppies" or LapLink is
         | when you wanted to backhp or transfer an entire hard disk.
        
       | cesarb wrote:
       | > Heck, most people didn't even own mice. You actually had to go
       | out and buy one separately, from Microsoft or IBM if you wanted
       | to run Windows.
       | 
       | You actually could run Windows without a mouse (I did it for a
       | while). The only thing that didn't work was Paintbrush.
       | Everything else was fully keyboard accessible. Every or nearly
       | every menu item and form field had a prominently underlined
       | keyboard accelerator, and you could always rely on the tab order
       | (for form fields) or the arrow keys (for menu items).
        
       | narrator wrote:
       | I was doing Macintosh programming back then. Programming was much
       | harder because there was no stack overflow. If you got stuck, you
       | had to figure it out yourself or ask someone who knew something
       | at a user group meeting or call a BBS and pay long distance.
       | There was one book : Mac Programming Primer that was the only
       | beginner book that existed. The Inside Mac books were large and
       | heavy and the only official guides for programming macs. There
       | was no online help or search, so you had to open these heavy
       | books and flip through them every time you needed anything. Think
       | C had a pretty fast compiler, but there was no protected memory,
       | so every time you null pointer dereferenced, or otherwise
       | corrupted memory, the machine would crash and you would have to
       | reboot. Version control and other programmer tools were very
       | primitive. Working with other programmers was extremely clumsy.
       | 
       | My favorite memories of the era were the BBSs. These were dial up
       | services with one or two lines that a hobbyist would run on his
       | home machine. They were very local, because calling long distance
       | was expensive. It was a tech nerd only local hangout club for the
       | local area. Also, at this point in time, nerds were very split
       | off from the rest of society. We were really our own strange
       | order of weirdos and very very uncool, while nowadays a much
       | larger percentage of people would say they're in tech and
       | everyone uses tech and is a tech nerd now.
        
         | qubex wrote:
         | > _Programming was much harder because there was no stack
         | overflow_
         | 
         | Oh, stack overflow definitely existed, but only the kind that
         | makes programming _harder_.
         | 
         | EDIT: Corrected a typo.
        
           | lisper wrote:
           | Well, stack overflow existed, but Stack Overflow didn't.
           | 
           | (This is probably the one time in my writing career when the
           | initial "Well," actually makes a difference in communicating
           | the idea I intended to convey.)
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | a decentralized world where everybody had their own private
           | stack overflow for their own malefit.
        
         | klodolph wrote:
         | I was lucky to have access to THINK Pascal and later Metrowerks
         | CodeWarrior, and adults who would answer programming questions
         | or tell me how pointers work.
         | 
         | I don't remember the Inside Macintosh books being especially
         | large and heavy; they were broken into volumes which were a
         | half-inch or inch thick, except for volume VI. It wasn't
         | terribly long before these books ended up online on Apple's
         | developer website but I don't remember when that happened.
        
       | buescher wrote:
       | It's so strange how unevenly the future was distributed back
       | then. You could get a Quadra 900 or a color NeXTstation. The
       | SE/30 was two years old. You could run Mathematica. Matlab 3.5
       | was available on DOS and the Mac, and Matlab 4 was a year away.
       | AutoCAD was pretty well established on PCs and Macs for 2D CAD.
       | LabView was _five years old_. Microsoft Word for the Mac was _six
       | years old_.
       | 
       | Gopher and the rudimentary gopher-with-pictures web already
       | existed. Mosaic was two years away.
       | 
       | If you were a hobbyist, you might buy an Amiga 3000 instead of a
       | mid-tier Mac or PC- the Amiga 4000 was a year away.
       | 
       | On the PC, Wolfenstein 3D was year away. DOOM was two years away.
       | 
       | And yet well into the nineties, PC nerds were amazed to be able
       | to spin up multiple Wordperfect 5 windows, and they may as well
       | have been at the vanguard as far as most people were concerned!
       | Quickbasic! Lotus 1-2-3!
        
       | beagle3 wrote:
       | .... and the Amiga did all of that, and more, in 1985. The basic
       | Amiga cost almost twice as much as a basic PC where I lived,
       | which was why it wasn't as popular.
       | 
       | But in 1985, a PC that had capabilities comparable to the Amiga
       | cost over 10 times as much as the Amiga: you'd need specialized
       | graphics card to get 4096 colors at once, specialized sound cards
       | to get 4 channel 8-bit stereo sound (or 2 channel 13-bit) -
       | hardly any were available, and even if you got them, you didn't
       | ha e use for them because almost no software supported them.
       | 
       | The o/S did good cooperative multitasking with just 512K ram. Oh,
       | and it ran faster than a real Mac while emulating a Mac (used the
       | same CPU, but also had a graphics accelerator that the Mac
       | didn't).
       | 
       | In 1985.
       | 
       | Sound blaster (8 bit sound card) and VGA (only 256 colors at once
       | at low resolution, and no sprites) became common around
       | 1991-1992. It took a few more years for it until hardware better
       | than Amiga's 1985 debut - 16 bit Soundblasters or Gravis
       | Ultrasound; and Extended SuperVGA cards. Still no sprite or
       | genlock features. Win 95 was finally comparable to AmigaOS, if
       | somewhat more buggy.
       | 
       | Alas, commodore was horribly mismanaged - and we are left with
       | the PC legacy.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | A massive amount of creative people or creative content related
         | company were born on the Amiga I believe.
        
           | mortenjorck wrote:
           | Indeed; both EA and Blizzard had some of their earliest
           | successes on the Amiga.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | I bought an Amiga in the early days. I was pretty annoyed with
         | it because you had to buy the peripherals (like monitor,
         | keyboard, etc.) only from Amiga. They were standard parts, but
         | would have an interface that was just different enough to
         | prevent the use of standard parts.
         | 
         | I figured this sort of nonsense would kill the Amiga (like what
         | happened to the Rainbow PC), and decided to not invest in
         | making a compiler for it.
         | 
         | Edit: if I recall correctly, while it had standard 3.5"
         | diskettes, it couldn't read/write DOS disks. C'mon, guys. I
         | don't recall what I did with the machine, probably gave it
         | away.
        
           | MrRadar wrote:
           | > and decided to not invest in making a compiler for it.
           | 
           | For those who are unaware of the significance of this
           | statement, Walter Bright wrote the Zortec C compiler for DOS
           | (eventually rebranded as Symantec C) which he later extended
           | to be the first compiler that translated C++ directly to
           | machine code without first going through C as an intermediary
           | language and is currently the lead author of the D
           | programming language and its DMD compiler. This man knows
           | compilers!
        
           | beagle3 wrote:
           | That was a problem, but that didn't kill the Amiga. It had
           | enough advantages for people to pay more - but Commodore
           | mostly rested on their laurels. When the Amiga 3000 was out,
           | it turned out that the CPU was faster than the blotter, for
           | example - over 10 years, CPUs effective speed was almost 10
           | as much, but the ECS (which included the graphics
           | coprocessor) wasn't even twice as fast as the original 1985
           | version if I remember correctly.
           | 
           | And Commodore was really horribly mismanaged at the time in
           | every perspective.
           | 
           | And yet, the Amiga lived a very, very long time - i know it
           | was still used in TV stations into the early 2000s, despite
           | being dead for a few years at that point, and the PC world
           | having caught up to it and surpassed it in capabilities.
           | 
           | Amiga hardware and software is still coming out. But it's the
           | afterlife now.
        
             | icedchai wrote:
             | I remember running a program on my Amiga 3000 that replaced
             | calls to the blitter with calls to the CPU. Performance for
             | common operations, like scrolling text, was greatly
             | improved.
             | 
             | Except for faster CPUs, the Amiga barely changed from 1985
             | to 1993. The AGA machines (1200, 4000) were too little, too
             | late.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | The DEC Rainbow was interesting because it highlighted a
           | couple things in the early 1980s timeframe.
           | 
           | - If you were buying a PC right after the IBM PC came out, it
           | still wasn't obvious whether you bought an IBM PC with DOS
           | (or one of the clones that were starting to come out) or if
           | you bought a Z80 system running CP/M-86 (or an Apple III). I
           | bought a PC clone in, I think 1983, but I had been shopping
           | for a good year--those things were pricey--and it wasn't
           | obvious when I first started shopping what the right choice
           | was.
           | 
           | - None of the minicomputer makers, including DEC, really
           | understood compatibility in the context of PCs. They were so
           | used to making completely proprietary systems so just selling
           | something that could run an off-the-shelf operating system
           | already seemed like a bold concession.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | I bought my IBM PC shortly after it came out. It was
             | obvious to me that it was going to do well.
             | 
             | DEC certainly misunderstood compatibility, but the DEC-
             | heads certainly did. The DEC-heads were anxiously waiting
             | for the DEC entry, and assumed it would be awesome like the
             | PDP-11. Instead, DEC proudly introduced a crippled,
             | incompatible PC. The DEC-heads literally laughed at it, and
             | walked away, crushed, by what DEC had done. DEC never
             | recovered after burning their godlike status.
             | 
             | DEC should have introduced a PDP-11 priced competitively
             | with the IBM PC. That would have knocked it out of the
             | park.
        
       | vidanay wrote:
       | Yeah, my $4000 486-DX2 with 8MB RAM and a Weitek P9000 graphics
       | card was amazing(ly expensive)!
        
         | Firehawke wrote:
         | Yep. A friend of mine convinced his mother to get him a $4000
         | Zeos machine in 1992 for his birthday. It was one hell of a
         | beast for that era in time, being the next to highest end
         | machine Zeos was selling and I remember playing The 7th Guest
         | on that thing up until I got my own CD-ROM drive.
         | 
         | His machine also came with a Windows graphics accelerator video
         | card, which was a pretty impressive piece of hardware. Back
         | then, you could see the difference in redraw speeds between
         | accelerated and non-accelerated very easily.
         | 
         | These days, 2D is so simple that nobody even thinks about
         | whether your card can keep up or not.
         | 
         | Back then, even in MS-DOS you had a lot of questions about if
         | your card could do VESA modes, undocumented video modes, etc,
         | and sometimes you'd need SciTech Display Doctor to get those
         | modes. Linear framebuffers weren't commonly supported, and
         | getting the best possible performance required that.
        
         | klodolph wrote:
         | It was also such a _fast-moving_ era that your 486 would get
         | crushed in a couple years by the arrival of Pentiums.
         | 
         | I still regularly use a 2012 laptop, but if you were using a
         | 9-year-old PC back in 1991, it would be a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088,
         | or something like a Commodore 64.
        
           | vidanay wrote:
           | Yeah for sure. My next one after this was a Dual CPU Pentium
           | Pro.
        
         | Agingcoder wrote:
         | Lucky you! I dreamt of owning a machine like this. I thought
         | the dx2 cpus had appeared later though (92?).
         | 
         | I was stuck with a 386/16Mhz/40 megs hd, and a whopping
         | megabyte of ram.
         | 
         | At least it taught me that it was sometimes worth optimizing my
         | code...
        
           | downut wrote:
           | The 8087 chip I added on to my 8086 system sits on my monitor
           | pedestal, forever. Right now, it's next to my _() &(_^&^%%$%^
           | Pixel 2 XL USB C audio connector. I was a grad student in
           | numerical analysis and holy smokes! Hardware IEEE 754
           | floating point!
           | 
           | Sometime aroundish 1988 I paid $600 for an 80MB hard drive,
           | out of a $12K/yr stipend. Good times.
        
           | da-x wrote:
           | Every respectable hacker remembers the spec of their first
           | computer.
           | 
           | 286 + 1MB RAM + 40MB hard drive.
           | 
           | This was 1992 and it was valued about 1000$.
        
             | Firehawke wrote:
             | 4KB TRS-80 Color Computer, which would have been $400 in
             | 1980. Wasn't my own computer as it was my father's and I
             | was a bit too young to get deep into programming until 1983
             | or so.
             | 
             | First computer that was strictly mine was a CoCo 3 in 1986,
             | and the first one I built entirely myself was a 486-66 back
             | in 1993.
             | 
             | Yep, we definitely remember those first machines.
        
             | santoshalper wrote:
             | I too spent a lot of formative years on a 286, envying my
             | friends who all had 386s and could run Windows and play
             | cooler games.
        
               | Narishma wrote:
               | Windows ran fine on a 286. Even with just 1 MB of RAM.
               | You just couldn't launch more than a couple of big
               | applications at a time without severe swapping.
        
               | Firehawke wrote:
               | Yep, you could run 3.1 in "real mode" instead of
               | "protected mode" but the 286 was kind of a dog of a CPU
               | and it had some pretty nasty flaws that led to 286
               | machines not really being all that common compared to
               | 80886 and 386 ones.
        
               | benttoothpaste wrote:
               | 3.1 couldn't run in real mode. It could run either in
               | standard mode or in enhanced mode. The enhanced mode was
               | 386-only. 3.0 on the other hand could run in real mode so
               | it technically could be used with 8086.
        
           | qubex wrote:
           | I also had a 386SX-16MHz with 2MB of RAM, a 40 Megabyte hard-
           | drive, a VGA adapter and a 14" screen.
           | 
           | That was in 1992 and it was an abysmally slow system.
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | I remember those CPUs being a lot more expensive than that. And
         | (after looking it up) launching in 1992.
        
           | lrem wrote:
           | Hmmm, really? I had a DX-4 which was not expensive at all
           | around 1996-ish.
        
             | tpmx wrote:
             | When the 486 launched in 1989/1990 a typical system cost
             | like $10k+.
             | 
             | In 1996 it was very cheap.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | Pentium 200Mhz (Socket 7) came out in 95; so a dx-4 in 96
             | was definitely old and should be not expensive.
        
           | vidanay wrote:
           | A lot of baked brain cells between then and now....I don't
           | deny my memory is fuzzy.
        
             | tpmx wrote:
             | Fair enough. I guess I was mostly retroactively jealous -
             | at the time I was rocking an 8086 with CGA.
        
         | lr4444lr wrote:
         | And to think of $4000 in 1991 dollars...
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | i never spent $10k on a home system in 1991. What ???
        
         | fanatic2pope wrote:
         | I had a similar system with a 17" Nanao monitor that _by
         | itself_ cost something like $1000. I also had a first
         | generation Gravis Ultrasound, which I still own. I kept that
         | machine for a while, it ran DOS, then Windows, then OS /2 and
         | then Linux and FreeBSD and at one point had _all of them
         | installed at the same time_. So much time wasted messing with
         | partitions and file systems.
        
           | vidanay wrote:
           | If I remember correctly, the final use of mine was running a
           | home email server on Debian Linux with a dial-up modem.
        
       | msisk6 wrote:
       | Back in 1989 I hauled a Toshiba portable up to the top of San
       | Jacinto via the Palm Springs aerial tramway to do some work on
       | AutoCAD. I didn't get much work done; mostly I just had to
       | explain what this computer thing was. Toshiba probably ended up
       | with a few sales from that.
       | 
       | Computing was definitely a niche industry back then for most
       | folks.
       | 
       | I kinda miss it.
        
         | vidanay wrote:
         | AutoCAD 9 users unite! (or was that still v2?)
        
         | buescher wrote:
         | Those old Toshibas with the gas plasma displays were so cool.
         | Razor sharp monochrome graphics, easy on the eyes, and flat. I
         | had the use of one for a while in 1993 or so when it was
         | already quite obsolescent - it was like a laptop for a giant,
         | with a full sized, full travel keyboard and a card cage in the
         | back for ISA cards.
        
         | geocrasher wrote:
         | You'd have been my hero. In 1989, I was 12 or 13 years old, and
         | was actually living in Palm Springs! I lived in Palm Springs or
         | Desert Hot Springs for a decade. Never did get up there on the
         | Tram though. A shame, looking back. Small world!
        
       | choeger wrote:
       | Oh my the bootdisks. Funnily I recall managing a lot of MS-DOS
       | config.sys and autoexec.bat stuff (we run this stuff for games
       | until 96 or so) but I definitely didn't understand it. Now I
       | wonder were I got the ideas to change such arcane things like HMA
       | or Interrupts from. Game magazines, probably.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | You were really running up against DOS memory limits in the
         | 90s, so there were all sorts of tricks to make use of some of
         | the memory range above 640K. There was also the expanded memory
         | spec which allowed memory from an expansion card to be
         | basically paged into the usual memory range. So people ended up
         | having a bunch of config files that they booted into depending
         | upon what they were doing.
        
           | Firehawke wrote:
           | QEMM was a must-have to keep conventional memory as free as
           | possible. Also digging around for low-RAM-usage mouse
           | drivers, etc helped a lot.
           | 
           | Even then you'd run into headaches with things like Ultima
           | 7's JEMM memory manager that insisted you not have
           | EMM386/QEMM running. To say that managing a DOS install was
           | somewhat painful is an understatement.
        
         | creamynebula wrote:
         | I remember I learnt most of this stuff from a neighbor, he took
         | an "informatics" course that taught him all that wizard stuff.
        
       | FiddlerClamp wrote:
       | And on the other hand, 1991 saw the release of a pen-based
       | operating system and one of the early tablets:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EO_Personal_Communicator
        
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       (page generated 2021-02-27 23:00 UTC)