[HN Gopher] OpenBSD Adds Support for Coordinated Mars Time (MTC)
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       OpenBSD Adds Support for Coordinated Mars Time (MTC)
        
       Author : dbolgheroni
       Score  : 132 points
       Date   : 2021-04-01 18:36 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (marc.info)
 (TXT) w3m dump (marc.info)
        
       | gerdesj wrote:
       | We already had GMT which ended up being called UTC - "Universal".
       | If we'd stuck with GMT or defined E(arth)TC or similar, then MTC
       | would make sense.
       | 
       | I do like it though, good to see some innovation in the AFD jokes
       | department.
        
       | HugoDaniel wrote:
       | Alien technology
        
       | cproctor wrote:
       | This could really bite you:
       | 
       | > It is currently not possible to use ssh to login between
       | systems on MCT and any earth time zone
        
         | cphajduk wrote:
         | need to set the SSH timeout to 44 minutes.
        
           | koolba wrote:
           | Also make sure you're not behind a NAT that drops what it
           | thinks are idle connections.
           | 
           | Full handshake requires a few hours of round trips.
        
       | zeristor wrote:
       | What about leap seconds for Mars?
        
       | kevwil wrote:
       | Honestly, no idea if this is an April Fool's Day prank or not.
       | Seems reasonable, but inconsistent naming makes me suspicious.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | Coordinated Mars Time (MTC) is an actual thing [1]. The
         | abbreviation follows from UTC, which is abbreviated that way
         | because English speakers wanted CUT (coordinated universal
         | time) and French speakers wanted TUC (temps universel
         | coordonne), so we compromised on an abbreviation that works in
         | neither language (I wish I was joking).
         | 
         | The commit going on to call the config TZ=MCT could totally be
         | a typo that will persist for eternity, just like the "referer"
         | header.
         | 
         | 1:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timekeeping_on_Mars#Coordinate...
        
       | jamesfmilne wrote:
       | I bet the MCRN Rocinante's computers are running OpenBSD.
        
         | lsllc wrote:
         | So, what you're saying is that 2307 is going to be the year of
         | the OpenBSD Desktop? (on Mars at least, the Earthers probably
         | use NetBSD and the Belters FreeBSD).
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | To be pedantic, it was only the MCRN Tachi. "Now" it's just the
         | Rocinante.
        
         | HeckFeck wrote:
         | It's the only OS the protomolecule couldn't breach.
        
           | gbrown_ wrote:
           | Doors and corners...
        
       | lsllc wrote:
       | Please, let's _not_ have SST on Mars! (Sol-light Savings Time)
        
       | haddr wrote:
       | What about Belters?
        
         | gbrown_ wrote:
         | For Beltalowda!
        
         | 082349872349872 wrote:
         | Judging from the extant _lang belta_ vocabulary, Belters are
         | likely on an ISO week date calendar. They have 7 weekday names
         | but don 't seem to bother with our months, and they celebrate
         | (a presumably earth calendar based) New Year. (calculating new
         | years day relative to week 1 is probably for them the
         | introductory CS equivalent of calculating easter for us.
         | _Seritenyidiye_ , "a 30-day", exists as a word for month, but
         | probably refers to the earth concept, among those unlucky
         | enough to have to interface with earth calendars.)
         | 
         | Beltalowda showxa ere tim wit:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_week_date keya? Beltalowda
         | tili du pati (wit walowda walowda dansa unte walowda walowda
         | rowm unte da adewu "Piyat Minut"?) fo Yitim unte showxa ere
         | Mundiye, Tusidiye, unte kopeng. Amash beltalowda na tenye wowt
         | fo "months" tumang. Imalowda tu inya, tu "legacy", sasa ke?
        
       | imwm wrote:
       | "mars can't wait" lol
        
       | anthk wrote:
       | Well...
       | 
       | https://astro-gr.org/openbsd/
        
       | znpy wrote:
       | I wonder if SpaceX has anything to do with this.
        
         | znpy wrote:
         | I'm getting downvoted... Of course I forgot today is April 1st.
        
       | yellowapple wrote:
       | I know this is probably an April Fool's joke, but I'd be thrilled
       | if this was real.
        
         | BuildTheRobots wrote:
         | I'm almost certain it's a joke, the question is for how much
         | longer? The crypto interoperability issues are amusing, thiugh
         | I do seriously wonder how you deal with anything from a 10 to
         | 40 minute round trip time.
        
           | ronsor wrote:
           | You have caching servers and set really, really long
           | timeouts.
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | The same way we deal with speed-of-light delay on earth:
           | CDNs, asynchronous protocols like email, or just ignoring it
           | when we can get away with it (e.g. "instant" messaging). SSH
           | might be a bit tricky, but just pretend your system on mars
           | is a production server and send it a tested bash file (using
           | any of your favorite automation tools).
        
         | Fern_Blossom wrote:
         | Same here, this is so far the best one yet. Far better than
         | VW's shitty attempt.
         | 
         | Though, it dawned on me, Mars could have _real_ time zones. Not
         | the stupid political mess we have today. Perfect, logical
         | longitudinal time zones from the get go. That right there is
         | more than enough reason for me to leave this planet.
         | 
         | But let's be honest, Mars will be colonized, politics will
         | arise and the same fuckery will happen eventually.
        
           | monocasa wrote:
           | Better yet, no time zones. Just one clock for the planet.
        
             | jakear wrote:
             | Obligatory https://qntm.org/abolish
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | When you're already destroying enough of the legacy
               | timekeeping systems by switching to a planet without a 24
               | hour day, most of those arguments lack muster.
               | 
               | Also, don't call people out of the blue and expect them
               | to pick up anyway. Maybe your uncle had to work late and
               | is sleeping even though the sun is technically out.
        
           | elygre wrote:
           | If they are zones, how can they be perfect? The middle might
           | be, but anywhere else will be imperfect.
        
             | yellowapple wrote:
             | You're right. We need to constantly adjust our clocks
             | depending on exact longitude.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | And velocity. And altitude.
        
         | nwallin wrote:
         | A time system useful on Mars needs additional consideration;
         | considerations we haven't given it yet. It requires more
         | thinking than just time zones. The various things we've sent to
         | Mars haven't had any need for a colloquially time; they're
         | computers, they just know that 21,872 seconds or whatever into
         | the day is that far into an 87,755 second day and that's good
         | enough to calculate shadow angles and expected solar panel
         | efficiency from.
         | 
         | If we were to build a colony on Mars with normal people doing
         | normal everyday things, we need something more than that. The
         | first question we want to ask ourselves is, do we want to keep
         | the SI defined second? If we don't care, then we have free
         | reign to do whatever we want. We can define a Mars second to be
         | 1/86,400th of a Mars day, and keep the 24 hour, 60 minute, 60
         | second time system we use on Earth. Or we switch to a metric
         | time system, with a 10 hour day, 100 minute hours, 100 second
         | minutes. Or a 1 day long day, and deci, ceni, milli, micro
         | days. Or whatever.
         | 
         | If we want to keep SI compatibility, we need to keep the
         | second. The Martian solar day is 87,755.224 seconds long.
         | 87,755 factors into 5^2 * 53 * 67. So we can do 25 hours per
         | day, 53 minutes per hour, 67 seconds per minute to give an
         | 87,755 second day. Unfortunately there would need to be a leap
         | second once every 4-5 days.
         | 
         | Then there's the question of the calendar. Perhaps fortunately,
         | this gives us the opportunity to restart from scratch, because
         | the calendar we use is such a goddamned clusterfuck, even worse
         | than our time system. Unfortunately, the number of days in a
         | Martian year (668 and change) does not lend itself to a clean
         | division into tidy periods. You could have 23 months of 29 days
         | each, with each month having 4 7 day weeks plus one holiday.
         | This will give you a 667 day year. Add another annual holiday
         | at the beginning of the year, plus an optional leap-holiday in
         | the middle of the year.
         | 
         | Or you could split it up into 37 months of 3 weeks, each with 6
         | days. This gives you a 666 day year, so sprinkle in 2-3 bonus
         | holidays per year.
         | 
         | There are a lot of considerations. It needs to be given more
         | thought. Hopefully more thought than we've given to Earth's
         | timekeeping systems.
        
           | skissane wrote:
           | > The first question we want to ask ourselves is, do we want
           | to keep the SI defined second?
           | 
           | I think absolutely yes. Any Mars colony is going to import a
           | lot of equipment and technology from Earth. All of that is
           | going to assume the SI second. Not just for measuring time,
           | but also as part of the definition of derived units such as
           | Newtons. Martian colonists will have no practical choice but
           | to use the SI second since all their Earth-manufactured
           | equipment is going to assume it.
           | 
           | Plus, if they tried to introduce a distinct Martian second,
           | soon they'd have a mix of SI units (based on the SI second)
           | and slightly different Martian units (based on the Martian
           | second), and that would produce Mars Climate Orbiter style
           | disasters.
           | 
           | > Perhaps fortunately, this gives us the opportunity to
           | restart from scratch
           | 
           | People won't. People will want to use the Earth calendar
           | because they are keeping in sync with Earth news and Earth
           | culture. Maybe after a few centuries, Mars will feel
           | sufficiently independent from Earth, that it might want to
           | introduce a new calendar. However, by then Martians will be
           | thoroughly used to the Earth calendar, it will be a
           | centuries-old part of their Martian culture heritage, and
           | they probably won't want to change it.
        
           | kryptiskt wrote:
           | It's not a future problem, JPL personnel already work after
           | Mars time: https://www.businessinsider.com/nasa-perseverance-
           | team-mars-...
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | Days, months, and years based on the cycles of the planet
           | make sense on Earth, but not as much on Mars.
           | 
           | Almost all Martian settlers will be living underground, and
           | even aboveground the light at mid-day is extremely dim. You
           | can set the day to whatever length you want, regardless of
           | the Martian sol, and nobody will notice.
           | 
           | Likewise, months and years on Earth are for tracking
           | agricultural seasons, but nobody will be growing crops on the
           | Martian surface. Set the year to whatever you want, with or
           | without months, and no civilians will notice.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | For a person living on Mars it makes sense to align the time
           | to Martian solar day iff their daily life is linked to
           | outdoors activities in sun. However, if they are expected to
           | stay indoors or even underground facilities (which IMHO is
           | very, very likely at least for the first decades for various
           | reasons) then the outdoors day is simply irrelevant, and it
           | makes all sense to coordinate with Earth time for all your
           | activities and just look up local solar time only when you
           | need to schedule activity outside the base in the
           | "wilderness" - where you're anyway going to spend just some
           | hours, not a whle day/night cycle.
        
             | zokier wrote:
             | If we are to send people to Mars then presumably we want
             | some interaction with the surface. Otherwise we might as
             | well send those people to underground bunkers on Earth.
        
         | Zenst wrote:
         | It certainly does raise a forward thinking issue and that is
         | networking across planets and TZ handling. TZ's are already a
         | PITA what with leap seconds.
         | 
         | Then there is defining standards on Mars, 24hour days kinda not
         | going to translate, so again, more forward thinking needed. As
         | for Mars GPS, bit of a way off, but I'm sure the good old
         | atomic clocks will work.
         | 
         | I guess the job title of "Systems Engineer of Time" may become
         | a reality one day after all.
        
           | skissane wrote:
           | > 24hour days kinda not going to translate
           | 
           | The Martian day, called a "sol", is about 24 hours 39 minutes
           | 35 seconds. So it is just a bit longer than an Earth day. Of
           | course, that extra 39 minutes and 35 seconds adds up - after
           | a bit over a month, it adds up to a whole Earth day, and a
           | count of sols would be one behind a count of Earth days.
           | 
           | Idle speculation: I reckon people on Mars may initially use a
           | hybrid calendar of Mars days (sols) but Earth years. They'd
           | want to use the sol because they'd want to keep in sync with
           | Mars day-night cycle, especially since that would be
           | important for when they go outside and do stuff (in their
           | spacesuits). On the other hand, they'd still be in heavy
           | communication with Earth and absorbing a lot of Earth news
           | and Earth culture, so they'd likely want to keep the Earth
           | year. The Martian year is longer (about 22.5 months long),
           | and it would likely have less significance to them - Mars has
           | seasons, but seasons only have limited relevance when you
           | have to spend all your time indoors.
        
           | seiferteric wrote:
           | Kind of makes me wonder about local time on a space ship
           | going some significant % of the speed of light. Time itself
           | would be at a different rate than back home. Perhaps we need
           | to introduce the concept of a space-time zone.
        
             | zokier wrote:
             | We have few time standards that already take relativity
             | into account:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycentric_Dynamical_Time
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycentric_Coordinate_Time
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geocentric_Coordinate_Time
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | The most practical solution is probably to introduce a
             | global time beacon, like a satellite broadcasting it's own
             | time, or everyone counting the flashes of some known
             | pulsar. Then you have one time reference everyone agrees
             | on, it just ticks at different speeds depending on how fast
             | you are moving.
             | 
             | Luckily so far the practical propulsion concepts we have
             | max out around 10% the speed of light for reasonable
             | amounts of propellant, so we have a couple decades left to
             | figure this out.
        
         | vsareto wrote:
         | Writing some test software based on Martian time might be a
         | good way to prevent some DateTime issues when we do start
         | living there.
        
         | korethr wrote:
         | The best April Fools jokes are the ones with enough
         | plausibility that they _could_ be real.
        
         | jamal-kumar wrote:
         | Imagine reading:
         | 
         | "DANGER: ABI incompatibility. Updating to this kernel requires
         | extra work or you won't be able to login: install a snapshot
         | instead"
         | 
         | and raging
        
       | sfblah wrote:
       | It mentions the days being longer, but what about the years? What
       | even constitutes a year on Mars? Seems like more thought needs to
       | go into how this would work if/when we become interplanetary.
       | Assuming knowing where you are in the year has any value on Mars,
       | we'd want some way to track that. I wonder also how this would
       | work on the moon.
        
         | 4147eded-4d4f wrote:
         | My background is physics and during an extended beer session my
         | group talked extensively about what properties an
         | interplanetary time keeping system would need to have.
         | 
         | The answer we came up with was: thank god we'd be retired or
         | dead by the time it became a problem that we had to deal with
         | day to day.
         | 
         | You would need something like international atomic time to be
         | the basis for it, but unlike TAI which is the weighted average
         | of some 400 atomic clocks on the surface of the planet, you
         | would need to define it with respect to free space (which we
         | can't access) and with respect to a single event that's
         | accessible to everyone yet human scaled enough that it happened
         | in written history (the best we came up with was the first
         | nuclear blast).
         | 
         | Then you would need to have a calculation that turned it into
         | local time which would be completely decoupled from any actual
         | time keeping. Think printing the result of a square root in
         | Roman numerals vs trying to do the calculation in Roman
         | numerals.
         | 
         | Unix epoch is laughably inadequate for anything like that.
         | Basically we have nothing today and you'd need an international
         | agreement to have a sane time keeping system going forwards.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | Judging by DST and the gregorian calander I'm sure we'll end
           | up with a system that doesn't even approach the utility of
           | what you're thinking.
           | 
           | Everyone will probably just use Eastern Time on mars complete
           | with Daylight saving, _maybe_ TAI if we 're lucky.
        
           | smitty1e wrote:
           | One anticipates a network that operates with a faster-than-
           | light "because" pipe, or you just have a planetary local NTP
           | server and let something upstream do the Einsteinian
           | gymnastics with the timestamps.
        
           | wahern wrote:
           | What's wrong w/ TCB
           | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycentric_Coordinate_Time)
           | and TDB
           | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barycentric_Dynamical_Time)?
        
         | yellowapple wrote:
         | Probably best to just drop the notion of "days", "years", etc.
         | entirely, and instead just track the number of kiloseconds,
         | megaseconds, etc. since the Unix Epoch.
        
           | jhgorrell wrote:
           | In the novel "A Deepness in the Sky" by Vernor Vinge, the
           | characters tell time this way. I had to do some math early in
           | the book to get a feel for what 1Msec & 1Gsec was.
           | 
           | In addition, they also keep track of their cold sleep time,
           | because if you want to meet your spouse 50 years from now,
           | you want to try and keep the same relative age.
        
           | zrm wrote:
           | Since the Unix Epoch where? Isn't being on another planet
           | going to have to deal with the relativistic passage of time?
        
           | bonzarm wrote:
           | France used the decimal time for a few years beginning in
           | 1792 during the French Revolution. It didn't go well.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | I was under the impression that the OS _did_ only track time
           | in seconds since the epoch, and whenever you see something
           | else it 's just the software translating for human
           | convenience. If that's the case, then it this doesn't really
           | make sense; humans will want something friendlier than epoch
           | time on Mars, too.
        
             | bonzini wrote:
             | Sort of. Unix time does not count leap seconds, all days
             | are 86400 seconds long in Unix time. So the actual number
             | of seconds since the epoch is a bit larger than what time()
             | returns.
             | 
             | I don't know how Windows deals with leap seconds (its epoch
             | is in 1601 or something like that). Edit: it doesn't, the
             | clock goes 1 second ahead of UTC and it's then fixed by
             | NTP.
        
               | pedrocr wrote:
               | So time() is actually days since epoch with 1/86400
               | precision. That makes the Google solution to smear leap
               | seconds with NTP instead of making them explicit make
               | even more sense.
        
       | rzimmerman wrote:
       | It's technically even more complicated than just scaling the
       | day/seconds by to match a Martian sol. There are relativistic
       | corrections that add up over time (Earth clocks would observe
       | Mars clocks ticking at a different and non-constant rate). Good
       | thing this is real :)
        
         | fsh wrote:
         | This is already the case on earth. UTC is defined at sea level
         | and clocks run faster at higher elevations due to the lower
         | gravitational redshift. This effect is easily observable with
         | atomic clocks and has to be taken into account in any accurate
         | clock comparison.
        
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       (page generated 2021-04-01 23:00 UTC)