[HN Gopher] Hacking a $200 Under Desk Exercise Bike
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Hacking a $200 Under Desk Exercise Bike
        
       Author : wvenable
       Score  : 154 points
       Date   : 2021-04-09 05:56 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (codaris.github.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (codaris.github.io)
        
       | snarfy wrote:
       | I have one. I don't like to use it. When I exercise my brain is
       | way off in alpha wave territory. I found it harmful to actually
       | getting work done. I go jogging or ride a bike instead.
        
         | karmakaze wrote:
         | I came to say something similar, but without the reasoning. I
         | found that when I used a standing desk over a treadmill, the
         | mechanics were alright as I type code (rather than mouse
         | designs). The problem was in the thinking. The level of
         | exercise increased bloodflow but didn't sync with the careful
         | deep thought needed for working through complex/detailled
         | situations.
        
       | shubik22 wrote:
       | Great article. One thing I'm curious about is the process for
       | interpreting what the raw bytes in each packet mean. Is this just
       | kind a trial and error thing? Are there different serialization
       | formats you should look for? Thanks!
        
         | wvenable wrote:
         | Trial and error. You start with the assumption that the
         | developers are working logically and that they will have chosen
         | the simplest solution.
         | 
         | A few of my initial assumptions turned out to be wrong. For
         | example, since I did see some word (16bit) values I assumed all
         | the values would be words. That's probably what I would have
         | done. But that turned out to be incorrect once I started
         | looking at the values (it's a mix of bytes and words).
        
           | shubik22 wrote:
           | Interesting, thanks for the reply!
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Mostly it is a matter of making one change to the inputs you
         | control at a time and then seeing what changes. Trial and
         | error, but there typically isn't a lot of error as you quickly
         | see what inputs cause what changes and learn to ignore the
         | other fields. Though if the protocol uses encryption you are
         | probably screwed.
         | 
         | If I wanted to figure out the fields he doesn't understand I'd
         | rig up some sort of stepper motor/servo to the pedals so I can
         | precisely control the input, and then start changing things. Go
         | from 0 - 120 rpm in .5 rpm increments, with a change every 15
         | seconds. Then go from 0 - 60 (or 90) rpm, but over many
         | different accelerations.
         | 
         | I used to work for a company that made automotive scan tools
         | and we did this all the time with the automakers official scan
         | tools. Even though the auto makers gave us a lot of
         | documentation, what they did and what the docs say they do is
         | different. (We even had a full time employee who worked at GM's
         | offices with access to GM's source code and rights to pass on
         | the algorithms used: and we still found it valuable to do the
         | above to GM scan tools to work out what they really did)
        
           | shubik22 wrote:
           | Got it, changing the inputs is a really clever idea. Thanks
           | for the explanation!
        
       | PostThisTooFast wrote:
       | Interesting that he started his investigation with an Android
       | app, since Bluetooth on Android is known to be shit. I mean...
       | it's shit everywhere, but especially on Android.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | This was my take on a connected exercise bike:
       | 
       | https://jacquesmattheij.com/trainification/
        
       | cosmodisk wrote:
       | Is it just me or the world gone a bit over the top trying to
       | squeeze in a million things into any given second of our time?
       | This Under Desk Exercise Bike is like a wearable chair to me:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=Q1uCYK6wnjk
        
       | yabudemada wrote:
       | Clever idea and implementation! I think from a health standpoint,
       | though, this is a false positive and it is probably better to go
       | for an old fashioned _walk_; or to drop to the floor and do some
       | yoga.
       | 
       | For instance, sitting down too much is in itself detrimental to
       | ones health (whether pedaling or not). E.g. prostate health,
       | posture, etc.
       | 
       | In contrast, a stationary bike or road bike, the rider can stand
       | up and pedal fast, etc. There's a much broader range of motion
       | which make the activity healthy!
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | > it is probably better to go for an old fashioned _walk_
         | 
         | For cardiofitness you need to get your heartrate over a certain
         | threshold. A walk won't do that.
        
           | dundarious wrote:
           | For longevity, AFAIK you don't need that degree of
           | cardiofitness, and walking is sufficient. It's possible to
           | reduce longevity through running too fast, for example.
           | Cultures that have noted longevity are not known for having
           | an exercise culture either, rather they are moderately active
           | throughout/several times a day.
           | 
           | Unfortunately I can't find my sources right now, so take that
           | as just something some guy said on the Internet.
        
             | randcraw wrote:
             | Two guys. I've seen a lot of confirmation from medical
             | researchers that moderate rate walking (easy to converse
             | meanwhile) does provide some aerobic benefit as well as
             | improve strength and balance. Faster walking (difficult to
             | converse) delivers more aerobic benefit still, to the
             | extent that for folks over 55, it's suggested that fast
             | walking _is_ sufficient to get aerobic benefits.
             | 
             | And if that's not enough, you can always speedwalk.
        
               | novok wrote:
               | Walking up hills is the gentle-to-the-body challenge
               | increaser, and makes sense since even tribesmen of 50k
               | years ago needed to walk up hills and mountains
               | regularly.
        
           | ska wrote:
           | >A walk won't do that.
           | 
           | It can if you choose it, for reasonable levels of cardio.
           | 
           | If you are only going to do one thing (not advocating that!)
           | you aren't going to be able to beat walking, especially on
           | varying terrain.
        
         | impendia wrote:
         | I bought an under-desk bike near the beginning of lockdown and
         | have run the odometer into the four figures. I highly recommend
         | it to anyone.
         | 
         | I definitely agree with you that it is no replacement for
         | walking, yoga, or other active forms of exercise. But I have
         | found it a great substitute for just _sitting_ while using a
         | computer.
        
           | yabudemada wrote:
           | What about men's testicular/prostate health though? Bike
           | seats are specially designed for cycling ergonomics; desk
           | chairs are design for sitting upright in an ergonomic
           | _stationary_ position.
           | 
           | I say this because I had some prostate bruising (I recovered
           | from that quickly doing yoga), but I attribute it to sitting
           | too long; I don't even want to think what a pedaling motion
           | in my chair would do down there! Granted, I have never
           | pedaled in my chair so I accept that maybe it is fine--I'm
           | just not willing to take the risk.
           | 
           | Personally, I'd go more for a walking desk or something where
           | the motion is natural, but the desired cardio effect is the
           | same.
        
             | impendia wrote:
             | I haven't experienced, nor done anything to avoid, any sort
             | of pain or injury like this. Maybe I'm just lucky?
        
       | chaibiker wrote:
       | Regular movement is key, and even switching between sit and stand
       | every 30m is not enough. We are working on something along these
       | lines by supporting more frequent useful movement, every 1-2m,
       | without impacting typing with a smart robotic chair. Looking for
       | early beta users in Silicon Valley and Boston for May-
       | https://movably.typeform.com/to/y5NPOA2U
        
         | joethescout wrote:
         | Consistent movement without being distracted that saves me from
         | back pain? Count me it! Already filled out the form!
        
       | donretag wrote:
       | Years (er, decades) ago, while in college, I was tasked with
       | hooking up a primitive stationary bike with a virtual reality
       | headset. The CRT monitor no longer worked for some reason, but
       | the bicycle itself was still sending out signals, similar to the
       | original story.
       | 
       | The university was big into VR and graphics, and had developed a
       | VR SDK and headgear. Hooking them up was a fun task since I got
       | to work with C internals, connecting things at a lower level. It
       | actually worked quite well.
       | 
       | Today I work on systems that deal with large queries per second,
       | but almost not as fun as getting your hands dirty with low-level
       | bytes.
        
       | josefresco wrote:
       | Is it practical to do _fine_ mouse work while pedaling? Or is
       | pedaling more something you do while checking email etc.? I know
       | if someone so much as jiggles my desk I immediately notice.
        
         | smithza wrote:
         | Throw the mouse out and just use emacs!
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | As a bonus you get more fine hand exercise -- on both hands!
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Be sure to remap Caps Lock to work as CTRL, or else you may
             | overtrain your left pinkie.
        
           | throwkeep wrote:
           | Tempting. For those who have never used emacs or vim, how
           | long would it take to get up to speed?
        
             | smithza wrote:
             | If you are seriously interested (which I highly recommend)
             | _just throw yourself into it_. In the case of emacs, effort
             | put in is directly correlated to efficiency gained. I was
             | proficient in basic text /code editing in a few hours and
             | incrementally tried to shoehorn most editing/scripting
             | problems to be solved with emacs. There is an emacs
             | wiki[0], the tutorial built into emacs[1], and a stack
             | exchange network (mostly for questions related to emacs
             | lisp which you will want to tinker in pretty soon after
             | using the tool) [2].
             | 
             | Just a note, emacs could be a full desktop experience,
             | supporting reading/writing email, web browsing, document
             | browsing (pdfs, html, etc.), picture viewing, text editing,
             | automation guru, etc etc etc. Some caution against some of
             | these features but I use it mainly for text editing and
             | automation support. It has a very robust keyboard-macro-
             | recording tool, for example.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.emacswiki.org/ [1]
             | https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EmacsTutorial [2]
             | https://emacs.stackexchange.com/
             | 
             | Additional reading
             | 
             | [3]
             | https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/refcards/pdf/refcard.pdf
             | [4] https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs
        
               | karatinversion wrote:
               | I've found the emacs manual to be superior to the emacs
               | wiki pretty much always (three months into my emacs
               | journey here), fwiw.
        
         | chevill wrote:
         | If you tried to continuously pedal probably not. However, I'm
         | not familiar with this particular product but every exercise
         | bike I've used you can just instantly stop for a second or two
         | and then start back up. So if you intermittently needed to
         | precisely click on things it would probably be fine. I'm not
         | sure what type of work depends on continuous, precise mouse use
         | other than maybe graphics or professional gaming. I'm sure
         | there's others that I just haven't considered.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | No, but many people spend a great deal of time reading, and it
         | is possible to do that while cycling.
        
           | rzzzt wrote:
           | Vertical scrolling could be bound to the direction of
           | pedaling as well.
        
         | wvenable wrote:
         | I was quite surprised to find that I could code and type
         | normally while pedaling. I did expect this to be for just
         | checking email, etc.
         | 
         | I don't think that you want to do fine mouse work at the same
         | time as any physical activity.
        
       | smithza wrote:
       | Lastly, I very much did not want all my workout data locked away
       | in this app.
       | 
       | This is a great example to demonstrate the simplicity of modern
       | "smart" products. I think of the Tim Berners-Lee next generation
       | web product that never got off the runway: just of common and
       | understandable interfaces for gleaning data from interconnected
       | devices. The workout domain is a great candidate for
       | standardizing data-types to pull health-related information into
       | anyone's standard conforming health database. It should not
       | require reverse-engineering like this to do.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | The workout domain has already standardized on the FIT file
         | format. Pretty much all fitness trackers and bike computers use
         | it for recording activities. It isn't fully open but anyone can
         | license the SDK.
         | 
         | https://www.thisisant.com/developer
         | 
         | There is free open source software like GoldenCheetah which can
         | read those comes so you don't have to depend on proprietary
         | online services.
         | 
         | https://www.goldencheetah.org/
        
         | marshmallow_12 wrote:
         | the obvious problem is that exactly no one in the industry has
         | ever devoted more that 3 brain cells and 5 seconds working out
         | a universal standard to present their data. Stuff competitors!
         | And why shouldn't they? They have minus zero interest in making
         | life easier for their broader (and probably narrower also)
         | consumer base.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | Actually there is ANT+ with profiles for everything under the
           | sun and BLE with some profiles as well.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Nothing will change until interoperability and full end-user
           | access to data become legally mandated. As it is, everyone
           | has every incentive to prevent users from accessing the data,
           | because the whole business model of IoT is about holding data
           | hostage to extract ransom from the customer.
        
             | Shmebulock wrote:
             | If users care about that, they'll go to a vendor that gives
             | them access to the data. No need to legally mandate
             | anything.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | Sometimes users are dumb, sometimes users are
               | manipulated. Data privacy is a discussion that's been
               | slowly growing and now has been picked up by the general
               | public in some places.
               | 
               | There are some public policies that need incentives to go
               | against the market, because market forces are not
               | inherently good.
               | 
               | Sometimes there is a need to legally mandate something,
               | or are you also against environmental protection laws? By
               | this logic, f people really care about the environment,
               | would it solve itself then?
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | No, they won't, because of many reasons - it's a well-
               | known market failure mode.
               | 
               | Importantly, to pick just one of the reasons, you can't
               | expect users to accurately judge complex technological
               | product, especially when facing marketers who will lie to
               | them. When you're shopping for food or medicine, you're
               | not expected to understand biochemistry or technicalities
               | of randomized control trials - you expect the things you
               | buy to not poison you. Plenty of vendors would be happy
               | to sell you literal poison - and they did, in the past -
               | but we've regulated that possibility away. Similarly, for
               | technology, some of the abuses need to be regulated away,
               | because you can't expect regular people to avoid the
               | traps, and the vendors to not be abusive without external
               | pressure.
        
               | wvenable wrote:
               | There are _no_ vendors that do it; it 's in their best
               | interest to keep data locked down. You can't vote with
               | your wallet when your candidate isn't running.
        
             | Y_Y wrote:
             | Isn't my workout data covered under GDPR? Not that I'd
             | bother trying to enforce it against the likes of Huawei.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | That depends. It probably is, to some extent, but you
               | either consented to this or it qualifies as essential to
               | deliver the service. I suspect you could get it from the
               | vendor by sending them a strongly worded letter, but a
               | DSAR (data subject access request) isn't exactly an API
               | call. GDPR cares about how your data is being collected
               | and processed, not about interoperability. We need
               | separate regulation to force service interoperability and
               | a separation between hardware and services, so that they
               | can be interchangeable.
        
       | novok wrote:
       | I've tried desk treadmills with a standing desk, bike desks which
       | are designed for a laptop and under desk pedalers like this. I
       | end up ditching them all in the end because the movement is
       | distracting enough to not let me get into the zone. Whenever I
       | need to focus on something I instinctually stop moving to 'free
       | up' brain power to execute whatever I'm doing better, be it a
       | computer game, writing or coding.
       | 
       | Also you get more total workout by just going outside on a 30m
       | walk, not to mention all the benefits of sunlight. Now I just do
       | walks and explicit exercising vs. the fence sitting that is a
       | treadmill walking desk.
        
         | terry_y_comb wrote:
         | "Free up" brain power: I turn off the radio when I need to
         | focus driving on the road (e.g. traffic, rain, snow)
         | 
         | It sounds absurds. But I think some may do the same.
        
           | Darmody wrote:
           | It is not absurd. There's a reason why people lower the
           | volume to park their car.
        
         | pacman83 wrote:
         | My experience was the same. I ended up standing on a balance
         | board at my stand-up desk. This strengthened my core and helped
         | me to be more alert without actively distracting me.
         | 
         | And yes, this should be a supplement and not a substitute for
         | outdoor activity, normal cardio and strength training,
         | stretching, etc.
        
         | StavrosK wrote:
         | A 30 meter walk doesn't even get me to the door!
        
           | novok wrote:
           | 30 minutes ;)
        
           | fataliss wrote:
           | Humble brag. In NYC it gets you around the block twice!
        
             | Grazester wrote:
             | What tiny block in NYC do you live?
        
       | udhdhxnxn wrote:
       | My employer won't let me get an under the desk bike. I was also
       | scolded for doing pushups in my cube. Working out from home with
       | tape on the webcam is great.
        
         | FearlessNebula wrote:
         | Wow, I would fire that employer
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | Are they noisy?
        
         | RankingMember wrote:
         | Damn, that's grounds to terminate that employer in my opinion.
        
         | Jtsummers wrote:
         | Seriously? Do they think that if you're not sitting and typing
         | you're not working or something? Do they measure how long and
         | often you take restroom breaks?
        
         | throwkeep wrote:
         | Scolded? What was their reasoning?
        
       | lfowles wrote:
       | Great writeup! I did something similar for the (much dumber)
       | DeskCycle which has a simple odometer. Conveniently I was just
       | able to plug it into Aux In and track pulses.
       | 
       | https://github.com/lfowles/deskcycle
        
         | slantyyz wrote:
         | Nice Work!
         | 
         | I have a MagneTrainer, which is made by the same manufacturer
         | as the DeskCycle, and uses the same "trip computer" as the
         | DeskCycle.
         | 
         | When I bought the Magnetrainer years ago, they had some Windows
         | games they could link to using the Aux connection, but the
         | connection kit was overpriced, and the games that were
         | available looked "meh".
        
       | milkey_mouse wrote:
       | Ah, that Segoe UI WPF app takes me back. I made so many little
       | utility apps like that when I first got Visual Studio.
       | WPF/WinForms is what I made my first GUI apps with, and first
       | discovered why one shouldn't do blocking computations on the main
       | thread...
        
       | vosper wrote:
       | I think cycling is the wrong motion for an under-desk exercise
       | machine. I think it should be a very short vertical motion, just
       | feet moving up-and-down, something you can do without disrupting
       | your chair posture, or making the rest of your body move too
       | much.
       | 
       | Potentially you don't even lift your toes up, just raise and
       | lower your heels with some kind of resistance.
       | 
       | Maybe you wouldn't get much exercise this way, but I think
       | getting a whole lot of exercise whilst trying to work at a
       | computer just isn't really doable.
        
         | slightwinder wrote:
         | You mean a stepper?
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/-/us/dp/B07NRCZHYJ/
        
       | whoisburbansky wrote:
       | Scanned the article to try and find this, but did anybody else
       | notice the name/an Amazon link to the bike in question?
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | I, too, was confused that this was missing, since it seems like
         | a lot of the Bluetooth data will be brand specific, and they
         | don't mention even the brand (let alone exact model).
        
           | NicoJuicy wrote:
           | Didn't see it, but an issue could be created on the github
           | page
        
         | wvenable wrote:
         | The brand is Exerpeutic and the model is 7149 but it seems that
         | model number is country specific (Canada).
        
           | whoisburbansky wrote:
           | Ah, thank you!
        
       | fiftyacorn wrote:
       | If your doing this sort of project your can get a head start
       | integrating into golden cheetahs dashboard. I done it years ago
       | with a Google map/turbo trainer as a project
        
       | Grustaf wrote:
       | > "my desk is actually the perfect height for peddling"
       | 
       | Why is it so hard even for native speakers to spell the verb
       | "pedal"? I mean it's spelled exactly like the noun, which most
       | people seem to be able to spell properly.
       | 
       | It's a genuine question, I see this all the time, maybe most of
       | the time actually. It's strange because typically people tend to
       | over-generalise, not the other way around.
        
         | RankingMember wrote:
         | Probably the same part of the brain fouling up that causes the
         | loose/lose screwup we've all probably made.
        
           | hoophoop wrote:
           | As a non-native speaker I might make other grammatical errors
           | but not the ones related to phonetics.
           | 
           | Often I found more difficult to understand English written by
           | native speakers than by others because of that.
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | "Peddle" is a legitimate homophone for "pedal". Some people
         | hear the words while they read/write so make this class of
         | mistake. Such errors always confuse me momentarily as I don't
         | hear the words, but it doesn't make me think there's something
         | wrong with the author.
         | 
         | They can also come from autocorrect guessing, though probably
         | not this case.
         | 
         | (FWIW Reading poetry doesn't work for me and I have long
         | assumed it is only a pleasure for people who hear the sound
         | while reading).
        
           | iso1631 wrote:
           | > FWIW Reading poetry doesn't work for me
           | 
           | How about Oxford poetry? Or Maidenhead?
        
             | gumby wrote:
             | I just don't hear sound when I read (in any language) so
             | tools the poet uses such as meter, assonance etc are lost
             | on me. Of course I can carefully read for sound but then
             | I'm so busy doing that that I lose the thread of meaning.
             | 
             | I can listen to poetry and musical lyrics, and there
             | cadence and phonemic clues help with memory and recognition
             | and can even be playful or fun (as intended!). I've never
             | grokked how one could read that way though clearly many,
             | and perhaps most, people do!
        
               | Grustaf wrote:
               | Read aloud! That's how poetry is supposed to be read.
        
         | Hnaomyiph wrote:
         | I'd imagine it's from lack of use in daily writing, combined
         | with a lack of a ubiquitous context-aware spell checker. I make
         | similar mistakes quite often
        
           | Grustaf wrote:
           | It's not just the seldom used gerund. People even write
           | "peddle" for the present form.
        
       | armagon wrote:
       | I wish I could use a (Mac) desktop application to talk to my
       | Fitbit. It looks like there was one years ago.
       | 
       | (First and foremost, I'm at my computer all day long. If it has
       | trouble syncing, I'm right there and not going anywhere. I hate
       | having to find my phone and try to get the data synced just to
       | see how well fitbit thinks I slept last night. Also, would be
       | nice to access my data from my device without involving the
       | cloud.)
        
         | RHSeeger wrote:
         | My wife bought me a new fitbit for Christmas (mine is getting
         | old, frequently just loses it's charge, etc). It would not
         | allow me to initialize it without syncing to my phone, which
         | had to be running their app. I wound up returning it because I
         | don't _want_ to run their app on my phone.
         | 
         | I even looked into if it might be possible to work around the
         | issue. Turns out, the fitbit, which is advertised as having a
         | GPS, actually uses your phone's GPS. It has one of it's own,
         | but it's apparently absolute garbage; it's inaccurate and it
         | drains the battery extremely fast.
         | 
         | I'm still using my barely functionalit fitbit charge 2.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Pine64 is working on a smart watch. If you are a developer it
           | might be worth hacking on.
           | 
           | Just pointing this out for those in the same boat as you.
           | Personally I hate things on my wrist and so I don't know if
           | it is any good as I won't be using it anyway.
        
           | judge2020 wrote:
           | Unfortunately that's the price you pay to use most devices -
           | they need accompanying proprietary software. There doesn't
           | seem to be a big enough market for open-standard or open-
           | protocol health/fitness tracking.
        
             | RHSeeger wrote:
             | But... it doesn't. I can look down at my old, not-phone-
             | connected fitbit any time I want and see how many steps
             | I've walked so far during the day. Or what my heart rate
             | it. Or any number of other things.
             | 
             | It doesn't _need_ the phone to be able to do that part of
             | it's job. And I don't want the "challenge your friends to a
             | walk-a-thon" junk that does use the app.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | There is a semi-open standard and protocol for fitness
             | tracking: the FIT file format and ANT+ for wireless
             | networking. However most devices which support those
             | standards like Garmin generally require the use of a
             | proprietary mobile app for initial setup. Once you finish
             | that you can uninstall the app.
        
       | vagrantJin wrote:
       | For some reason, I'm suddenly intrigued by the notion of building
       | a device to exercise with while sitting.
        
       | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
       | I interpreted the title to mean they exploited the bike and got
       | code execution, similar to the guy who got code execution on a
       | smart butt plug and presented at DEFCON 27 [0].
       | 
       | [0] (Slightly NSFW) https://youtu.be/RnxcPeemHSc
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | Unless there's some sort of "resistance" thing; isn't something
       | like this "hack in a weekend" easy with any stationary bike + Pi
       | + camera or something? Just point it at the feet and record
       | cycles?
        
       | moioci wrote:
       | picture looks like "Exerpeutic 900E Bluetooth Under Desk All User
       | Height"
        
         | wvenable wrote:
         | That's close but that model has an elliptical pedal design. It
         | wouldn't surprise me though if the Bluetooth connectivity was
         | identical.
        
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       (page generated 2021-04-09 23:00 UTC)