[HN Gopher] Luca App: CCC calls for a moratorium
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Luca App: CCC calls for a moratorium
        
       Author : hacka22
       Score  : 417 points
       Date   : 2021-04-16 11:24 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ccc.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ccc.de)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ArmandGrillet wrote:
       | What was wrong with Corona-Warn-App? Looked amazing compared to
       | TousAntiCovid last year yet I'm learning here that it isn't
       | improved anymore and I haven't seen ads for it anywhere. The
       | differences between German states and the way news are
       | communicated is so complicated, and it's been more than a year
       | that it's like that now.
       | 
       | As a French citizen living in Germany I can get vaccinated if I
       | go back to France soon (the French state literally sent me an
       | email to tell me that as they know I'm living in a foreign
       | country), meanwhile I keep on reading that some German states are
       | trying to get more vaccines than the others (e.g. Sputnik in
       | Bavaria) and I cannot get a free PCR in a state where I do not
       | live. Why having such friendly fire in your own country,
       | especially when my health insurance works at the national level?
        
         | perlgeek wrote:
         | Nothing really.
         | 
         | Luca app just had more hype/better marketing.
        
         | step21 wrote:
         | It is still improved. The actually also want to add this kind
         | of check-in (almost done) but it might be blocked by
         | apple/google as the terms of use of the contact tracing API
         | forbids use of additional data.
        
           | foepys wrote:
           | As far as I know CWA will save it on the device and thus
           | comply with all requirements for contact tracing apps.
        
       | majkinetor wrote:
       | This is amazing.
       | 
       | There should be hacker clubs in each country double checking all
       | suspicious public procurements.
        
         | jnxx wrote:
         | CCC in Germany does really fantastic work and they are well
         | recognized in the public. And they have some friends. Years
         | ago, the club was moving from Berlin to Hamburg, I think. They
         | had an ongoing dispute whether they are, tax-wise, recognized
         | as a charitable, non-profit entity (many associations in
         | Germany are recognizes as non-profits, but for some that are
         | politically inconvenient, such as the Deutsche Umwelthilfe
         | (DUH) [1], the tax administration as well as politicians are
         | trying to dispute their tax exemption).
         | 
         | Then they got a mailing where somebody mailed them an entire
         | collection of correspondence between the tax administration and
         | other government bodies which was apparently intended to be
         | sent to the Hamburg tax administration. It detailed how they
         | were trying to actively put obstacles to financing the CCC's
         | work. Apparently, that mailing went accidentally to CCC, which
         | was not the intended address....
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_Action_Germany#P...
        
           | hutzlibu wrote:
           | Do you have a link of the email correspondence?
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | The CCC is a mature organization and culture, there would be
         | some clear challenges to bootstraping something similar
         | elsewhere that wouldn't be quickly infiltrated and co-opted the
         | way that civil liberties, environmental, and other activist
         | organizations have. CCC (and defcon) appeared to work because
         | they operated in a similar grey-area of risk and competence as
         | a motorcycle club.
         | 
         | I've been pitching around the idea to use hackerone as a
         | framework but restricted to local college and university
         | programs to do bug finding in provincial/municipal public
         | service delivery systems as a way to create a pipeline of
         | competent public service talent, develop real civic engagement,
         | and create the incentives within govt to build less appallingly
         | shitty systems.
         | 
         | The main challenge with that is it requires a total rethinking
         | of what government is, which is already happening organically
         | as dev/eng people and culture builds more generational
         | influence in govt beyond being just "IT," but that's a longer
         | term vision. GenX doesn't code and they're still 10-15 years
         | from retirement, but internet generation people are slowly
         | taking the management reins.
         | 
         | Near term, absolutely hack your region's contact tracing apps,
         | and if you want to really affect change, use technology and
         | data to create and test hypothesis' to find corruption. It's
         | going to be unpopular and even make you a target, but if you
         | want to summarize what the cyberpunk aspect of hacker culture
         | was, a lot of it was based on the hypothesis of there being a
         | corrupt conspiracy running infrastructure of The System, and by
         | learning its secrets you could become somehow more safe from
         | it, or expose it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lampe3 wrote:
         | I'm part of the CCC in Hamburg
         | 
         | We will move to stockholm and I'm thinking of creating one :)
        
           | Zolomon wrote:
           | I would join in a heartbeat!
        
           | Tistron wrote:
           | Check out https://www.blivande.com/ Burners, artists and (I
           | think) hackers doing stuff together in Stockholm. (I'm not in
           | sthlm but part of the Scandinavian burning scene)
        
             | lampe3 wrote:
             | Looks amazing! I will
        
             | ben0x539 wrote:
             | What does burner mean here?
        
           | jtdev wrote:
           | Do you know if CCC supports regional chapters?
        
             | tazjin wrote:
             | Yes, they're called Erfa-Kreise:
             | https://www.ccc.de/en/club/erfas
             | 
             | They're all in German-speaking countries.
        
             | martin_a wrote:
             | In Germany there are various "local subsidiaries", mainly
             | in or around larger cities. They are also often somewhat
             | tied/connected with local hackerspaces and whatnot.
        
           | tazjin wrote:
           | Good luck. In countries like Germany or Norway there is a
           | culture of hacker organisations sustaining themselves
           | financially via their members.
           | 
           | This culture doesn't exist in Sweden, and the spaces and
           | organisations that aren't subsidised by government funds or
           | universities all disappear after a few years.
           | 
           | (Source: Lived in all three countries, was active in such
           | organisations in all three countries)
        
             | zibzab wrote:
             | Oh, there are tons of hackerspaces in Sweden. Its just that
             | they are either tied to universities, startup clusters or
             | for kids.
             | 
             | I guess you were simply not in contact with the right
             | people.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | > _Its just that they are either tied to universities,
               | startup clusters or for kids._
               | 
               | ...or lacking members. _He wrote, glancing around the
               | empty room_
        
               | ValentineC wrote:
               | Because of COVID?
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | Currently, I suppose, but no; it's been "active" since
               | about 2010.
        
               | tazjin wrote:
               | You're saying exactly the same thing as me: There are
               | very few independent hacker spaces (in most cities,
               | none), unlike in Germany and Norway where that is the
               | norm.
        
               | 271828182846 wrote:
               | CCC isn't a hacker space as I understand the term. CCC is
               | a club of security experts. hacker spaces are communal
               | spaces where you can tinker with peers using provided
               | tools.
        
               | jan_Inkepa wrote:
               | In Germany the CCC has a lot of physical clubs where
               | people hang out. They have some specialised equipment,
               | but are from my limited experience more social spaces for
               | cohacking, giving talks, etc. There's also the chaos
               | communication congress, with is a big hacker
               | festival/conference (by the same group of people), run by
               | I think the same org, and I've never fully understood how
               | one navigates the identical acronyms...
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | Chaos Computer Club also means there are actual physical
               | club rooms where members can meet.
        
               | shezi wrote:
               | The CCC is both. It's a club of computer- and technology-
               | interested d people. Most cities have some rented space
               | that doubles as a hacker and tinker space. It really
               | depends on the members in each city what the specific
               | location looks like.
               | 
               | That there is also a branch of very public security
               | experts is... Incidental, I'd say.
        
               | catdog wrote:
               | > CCC is a club of security experts
               | 
               | No. It happens that a lot of members are security experts
               | but it is far far broader than that.
               | 
               | The CCC is a very decentralized organization. A lot of
               | hacker spaces are in fact operated by local subdivisions
               | or are completely independent organizations but with a
               | lot of overlap in membership.
               | 
               | In general the CCC likes define itself more by those who
               | share its values and less by the legal entity with that
               | name.
        
               | step21 wrote:
               | Neither is right. CCC also has security experts as
               | members, which sometimes comment publicly. In general
               | however, it is the parent organization for local hacker
               | spaces (though it is possible to be member on only local
               | or only CCC level). And many local spaces are also called
               | ccc-xy. Wnd their interests.
        
               | elliekelly wrote:
               | Maybe this is a naive question since I've never been
               | involved in a hacker/computer club but why is a dedicated
               | space required? Does the club usually purchase
               | hardware/equipment that needs to be stored? I suppose I
               | always assumed the members brought their own equipment to
               | meetings.
               | 
               | You know, the more I think about it, I'm not really sure
               | I have any idea what a computer club actually _is_ and
               | does...
        
               | pantalaimon wrote:
               | It's a space to hang out and meet people, where you can
               | talk about and tinker with technology.
               | 
               | Only socializing online is just not the same.
        
               | motge wrote:
               | It's a good question and not easy to answer in general as
               | there a lot of different types of hackerspaces.
               | 
               | Some hackerspaces are more a kind of makerspace and
               | provide expensive, large or complicated hardware like
               | industrial laser cutters, 3D printers, embroidery
               | machines and (electronics) workshops with soldering
               | irons, electronic parts etc.
               | 
               | Other hackerspaces are focusing more on the social side
               | and offer a space to hang out, meet and discuss with
               | beverages (I guess mostly mate and beer). There can be
               | talks, workshops or competitions (like CTFs) and so on.
               | 
               | Also providing services to the public, like repair cafes
               | and holiday programs for kids can be a way to further
               | engage in society to share technical knowledge.
               | 
               | hackerspaces.org has also extensive explanations on
               | theory of hackerspaces:
               | https://wiki.hackerspaces.org/Theory
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | birktj wrote:
             | As a Norwegian I would love some pointers to the Norwegian
             | hacker spaces. I am vaguely familiar with some, but it
             | would be nice with some more info.
        
               | tazjin wrote:
               | I'm mostly familiar with the Oslo scene, which has
               | Hackeriet[0] (of which I'm still a member) with more of a
               | CCC-style crowd and Bitraf[1] which has a lot of physical
               | equipment for "makers" and has a much larger space.
               | Hackeriet's IRC channel is also quite nice (though
               | usually in Norwegian and/or svorsk).
               | 
               | There's a few other organisations, notably
               | Teknologihuset[2] which has some communities organising
               | regular events and NUUG[3] which doesn't have a physical
               | space but moves around and is generally a good community
               | to get in contact with.
               | 
               | Note that NUUG have members all throughout Norway, and
               | also an active (Norwegian) IRC channel, which may be a
               | good place to ask about other towns as my knowledge of
               | those is either outdated or non-existing!
               | 
               | Ses pa IRC! :)
               | 
               | [0]: https://hackeriet.no [1]: https://bitraf.no/ [2]:
               | https://www.teknologihuset.no/ [3]: https://nuug.no
        
               | ValentineC wrote:
               | Have you tried the Hackerspaces wiki?
               | https://wiki.hackerspaces.org/Norway
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | I love what I hear about them. Germany has a basic culture that
         | is quite conducive to this kind of thing.
         | 
         | The only thing I wish, is that it was called "KAOS Computer
         | Club," and that they have a picture of Bernie Kopell in their
         | entryway.
         | 
         | http://classicshowbiz.blogspot.com/2016/07/an-interview-with...
        
       | jtdev wrote:
       | Is there a U.S. based Chaos Computer Club (CCC) or CCC like
       | group?
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | There's defcon, but it's more of annual conference than an
         | ongoing group that works together.
        
           | lozaning wrote:
           | There's also the local DC chapters, http://dc612.org/ has
           | been going strong up in Minneapolis for years.
        
         | jnxx wrote:
         | I think what comes closest is the Electronic Frontier
         | Foundation: https://www.eff.org/
        
         | Forbo wrote:
         | There's places like Noisebridge (which was an absolute pleasure
         | to visit and experience) or regional DEF CON groups.
         | 
         | As mentioned by others, the EFF's Electronic Frontier Alliance
         | tries to act as a regional group for these types of things, but
         | in my experience it's pretty dead (at least the Utah group has
         | been completely unresponsive).
        
         | black_puppydog wrote:
         | My understanding _as an outsider who has never been to the US_
         | is that the US hacker scene is quite different.
         | 
         | One notable difference is a much closer connection to e.g.
         | intelligence services.
         | 
         | On the other hand, the relationship to democratic processes, as
         | well as the stance on state/federal involvement in IT problem
         | spaces, seems to differ between Germany and the US.
         | 
         | Again: I'm an outsider and would actually like to hear from
         | others how they see this.
        
           | pizzapill wrote:
           | > One notable difference is a much closer connection to e.g.
           | intelligence services.
           | 
           | Some CCC hackers had a pretty good relationship with the
           | Russian KGB. They got information about a wide range of US
           | military secrets including details about the Space Defense
           | Initiative (SDI). They were so successful that they wound up
           | dead and a movie was made about them. Since then the CCC has
           | to be heavily infiltrated by all kinds of Intelligence
           | Services.
        
             | black_puppydog wrote:
             | At least the CCC of today is actually much more loosely
             | knit that what your comment implies. Much of the work being
             | done to dismantle e.g. election counting systems, the covid
             | apps etc comes from various corners of that community.
             | 
             | Infiltrating the CCC would be akin to infiltrating Antifa.
             | Sure, you can get close to _a_ group and learn their
             | secrets, but you can 't get close to the center of it
             | because it has none.
        
             | GekkePrutser wrote:
             | Yes the Cuckoo's Egg by Clifford Stoll recounts this story
             | well.
             | 
             | However since then the CCC has been very honourable and I
             | have nothing but respect for them.
        
             | pantalaimon wrote:
             | > Since then the CCC has to be heavily infiltrated by all
             | kinds of Intelligence Services.
             | 
             | I think this more served as a cautionary tale to not get
             | involved with this kind of agencies at all.
        
               | pizzapill wrote:
               | I think the CCC has a strong ethos to not work for such
               | agencies but I'm sure many members do it, either because
               | they are agents or because of other incentives.
        
         | motge wrote:
         | There is no chapter of the CCC in the U.S. (yet?). While there
         | is no head-organization (as far as I know), there are similar
         | hackerspaces all around the U.S. (and the globe), e.g. see map
         | on hackerspaces.org:
         | https://wiki.hackerspaces.org/List_of_Hacker_Spaces
        
       | ThePhysicist wrote:
       | The Luca app really is a complete train wreck. And what's worse
       | is that the federal governments don't even have any direct
       | control over the app itself, they just bought access to the
       | contact tracing data for 12 months from the company operating the
       | app. Meanwhile the company controls the app and all connected
       | user accounts and can repurpose it in whichever way they see fit
       | (and they already announced they have plans for the app beyond
       | the pandemic).
       | 
       | It's absolutely mind-boggling to me how our government(s) can get
       | the idea to "rent" contact tracing data from a private company
       | like this, it just reeks of corruption. I wasn't a big fan of the
       | Covid tracing app in the beginning, but in retrospect the concept
       | of that app seems miles ahead of the current situation with the
       | Luca app.
        
         | wildmanx wrote:
         | > I wasn't a big fan of the Covid tracing app in the beginning
         | 
         | Let this be a lesson. If you get something good and still keep
         | complaining and complaining, then what you get in the end is
         | something bad.
        
         | catdog wrote:
         | > I wasn't a big fan of the Covid tracing app in the beginning,
         | but in retrospect the concept of that app seems miles ahead of
         | the current situation with the Luca app.
         | 
         | I think the concept behind is really solid and a great example
         | for what is possible w/o invading privacy. The only problem is
         | that development got very very slow after the initial release
         | and a lot of potential was wasted. E.g. adding some kind of
         | check in feature was already discussed mid last year but it
         | took them until now to pick that idea up.
        
           | tgragnato wrote:
           | I only have positive things to say about our contact tracing
           | application.
           | 
           | It's open source https://github.com/immuni-app.
           | 
           | It's simple: contact tracing only, easy for non technical
           | people.
           | 
           | And has minimal tracking (I only see a periodic ping to
           | get.immuni.gov.it)
        
       | seesawtron wrote:
       | Is this one of the many examples of German government wasting
       | taxpayer's money?
        
         | simfoo wrote:
         | Yes. This is what you get when incompetent officials jump on
         | any offered solution that promises to make their awful track
         | record of "digitalization" projects look better. Of course
         | without listening to actual experts and instead looking for
         | buzzwords.
        
           | dathinab wrote:
           | The absurd thing is like CCC mentioned the german covid app
           | (state payed, kinda decentralized, _very privacy respecting_
           | contact tracing app) does not only potentially cover some of
           | the cases (if people are close to each other and the phone
           | can detect it using Bluetooth tokens) but also seem to be
           | getting a feature  "to handle meetings" in a privacy friendly
           | way.
        
           | pantalaimon wrote:
           | Exhibit B: Ubirch and their 5 Blockchains
           | 
           | https://www.heise.de/news/Digitaler-Corona-Impfpass-IBM-
           | Ubir...
        
             | thinkberg wrote:
             | An issue with the reporting is that the ubirch standard
             | solution is confused all the time with the actual project.
             | Especially since it is mostly guessing, not knowledge of
             | the actual technology behind it.
        
         | pantalaimon wrote:
         | Yes.
         | 
         | Especially since there is already a government funded app
         | (whose developers also make a much more competent impression)
         | which is scheduled to receive similar functionality as the Luca
         | app with the next update.
        
           | black_puppydog wrote:
           | And which doesn't have to plan for a business model post-
           | pandemic.
        
             | lampe3 wrote:
             | It does not need to. Its open source and funded by the
             | government
             | 
             | Its not run by a private company which only thinks about
             | money.
        
               | weird-eye-issue wrote:
               | That was probably his point already
        
         | martin_a wrote:
         | May I present to you that the government spend over 430 million
         | Euro for external consultants in the last year?
         | 
         | That's just a raise of about 46% in comparison to 2019...
        
         | lampe3 wrote:
         | yes and its super easy to just create random valid qr codes:
         | https://wolf128058.gitlab.io/schmudo2go/
         | 
         | also they don't have any rate limit on the sms service...
         | 
         | so anybody can build a loop and call the sms endpoint...
         | 
         | More fails:
         | 
         | - https://github.com/mame82/misc/blob/master/luca_traceIds.md
         | 
         | - https://lucatrack.de/
         | 
         | - development private and public key in the repo ( not harmful
         | but a bad sign)
         | 
         | - more that i forgot
        
           | read_if_gay_ wrote:
           | What do these QR codes do?
        
             | lampe3 wrote:
             | These qr codes should only valid after you verified that
             | you are an real person.
             | 
             | So the health department could call you.
             | 
             | This was done by SMS but the verification of an account
             | does not check against that SMS verification but its just a
             | simple else/if on the client.
        
             | sReinwald wrote:
             | The QR codes let you "check in" at venues that use Luca to
             | make contact tracing possible.
        
       | timdaub wrote:
       | Haha I'm waiting for Smudo's disstrack!
        
         | lampe3 wrote:
         | There are enough diss tracks and mentions of fanta4 in german
         | hip hop
         | 
         | I always found them whack...
        
           | timdaub wrote:
           | jein
        
             | lampe3 wrote:
             | I was in Hamburg,Germany in the 2000's and listen to stuff
             | like samy deluxe and beginner ect ect.
             | 
             | Almost all of my friends did not consider fanta 4 to be rap
             | music but rather pop music :)
        
       | fidesomnes wrote:
       | A hacker club condemning government software contracts is pretty
       | hilarious and irreverent.
        
       | fock wrote:
       | worst thing is, my university seemingly developed something
       | similar (which has been used for exams for half a year now)
       | already: https://qroniton.eu/
       | 
       | But I guess kickbacks for using something created by state
       | employees are not as good as for something new from a private
       | enterprise (with blockchain! - they silently removed it, when the
       | CCC called that out and now the CEO claims: "we've never used
       | blockchain").
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Yeah, I knew this shit was gonna happen. I installed literally
       | zero of these apps.
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | I like the idea of these apps, but none of them were advertised
         | enough near me to think that others would be using them, so
         | they were all pointless.
         | 
         | And of course, they were rushed out the door, so they'd
         | probably have quite a few problems.
        
       | GekkePrutser wrote:
       | Wow this is bad, I'm sorry to hear it's already mandatory in one
       | German state.
       | 
       | I'm really surprised Germany is playing so loose and fast with
       | privacy as they're known to be one of the countries with the
       | strictest privacy laws around.
       | 
       | By the way how does this work being mandatory with people that
       | don't own a smartphone??
        
         | glitchcrab wrote:
         | It stated in the article that you can purchase a fob which can
         | be used in place of the smartphone app.
        
         | read_if_gay_ wrote:
         | > I'm really surprised Germany is playing so loose and fast
         | with privacy
         | 
         | You're surprised because you're expecting politicians to have
         | consistent principles, but it's just about what's convenient
         | right now. This is an inherent issue with having elections
         | every couple of years.
        
       | leipert wrote:
       | Source code for the app can be found here:
       | https://gitlab.com/lucaapp
        
         | perlgeek wrote:
         | ... though in the past many developers have complained that the
         | source code didn't seem to be the one from which the app on the
         | appstore was built and/or it was quite out of date.
        
       | KingOfCoders wrote:
       | Germany paid 20M+ for this already, without owning anything
       | (code, data, ...).
        
       | ndom91 wrote:
       | What's the difference between this Luca app and the "official"
       | German covid tracing app (Corona-Warn)? Or are they the same
       | thing?
        
         | perlgeek wrote:
         | The official app stores all its data decentralized, only
         | cryptographic hashes are stored centrally that each device then
         | can check locally for potential risks.
         | 
         | In the Luca app, the user's location data is stored centrally,
         | and the states can then purchase a license to access data of
         | potentially risky contacts.
         | 
         | (BTW the public health offices are notoriously overworked
         | during the pandemic, so it's not clear to me if they'd even
         | manage to _do_ anything with this data).
        
           | catdog wrote:
           | > (BTW the public health offices are notoriously overworked
           | during the pandemic, so it's not clear to me if they'd even
           | manage to do anything with this data).
           | 
           | Anecdotally most of them are completely overwhelmed because
           | of the currently fairly high case numbers and effective
           | contact tracing does not really happen anymore. Also they
           | mostly live in the technological stone age so they have a
           | hard time scaling it up [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.dw.com/en/german-health-care-tackling-covid-
           | with...
        
         | pantalaimon wrote:
         | Luca app is made by a private company and stores personal data
         | on a central server.
         | 
         | The official Corona Warn App uses the Exposure Notification
         | Framework and does not share any personal data.
        
       | qwertox wrote:
       | This is a privacy issue, in the country which thinks so highly of
       | the GDPR. So it's not something which they should be able to
       | sweep under the rug as if nothing happened. As the article
       | explains, the issue is far bigger than just vulnerabilities, it's
       | about how politics supported this app.
       | 
       | If this would be some other thing, like the implementation of a
       | video surveillance system in the political center of Berlin, or
       | any other important place, they would have taken care to at least
       | adhere to the basics in how to give whom the job to do this, how
       | it will be licensed/owned, how it will be run, what happens with
       | the data. A thorough check of the company would have been made.
       | 
       | But in this case? It's a small startup with no expertise
       | whatsoever in data protection, expecting the silliest terms and
       | conditions, and the politicians are just glad to throw the money
       | at them, and even expecting citizens to install this app if they
       | want to take part in public life.
       | 
       | This is as crazy as it gets and shows how incapable they are of
       | controlling this pandemic, even how little they care to seriously
       | work on it, and I wonder how much this represents what they have
       | been doing over the last decade in general.
       | 
       | I was glad to install the Corona-Warn-App and am a bit sad that
       | there are so few people using it, but it was implemented
       | correctly. Not only from a technical point of view.
       | 
       | But should any of these apps become a requirement to participate
       | in public life, I'd take it as far as going to jail for not
       | installing or uninstalling it.
        
         | catdog wrote:
         | > This is as crazy as it gets and shows how incapable they are
         | of controlling this pandemic, even how little they care to
         | seriously work on it, and I wonder how much this represents
         | what they have been doing over the last decade in general.
         | 
         | Fully agree, the whole "Merkel era" was an era of political
         | stagnation. The pandemic relentlessly uncovered that.
         | 
         | But now we've reached a new low, German politicians seem
         | completely unwilling to fight the pandemic anymore despite a 3.
         | wave caused by the B.1.1.7 variant building up rapidly. It's
         | crazy times, the luca app disaster is just one manifestation of
         | it.
        
       | wyck wrote:
       | There is so much incompetency in governmental IT/software
       | decisions and software it's actually sad.
       | 
       | Is it a product of smart people simply not working in this sector
       | or corruption?. It seems from the outside to be filled with
       | imbeciles masquerading as administrators.
       | 
       | We need to somehow make the government way more accountable, if
       | only there was an organization that could do that, we could call
       | it the media.
        
         | andrew_v4 wrote:
         | It's actually "accountability" that's a big part of the
         | problem.
         | 
         | Government procurement is so focused on the appearance of
         | fairness and money saving that all other goals, like actually
         | getting something that works, take a back seat.
         | 
         | You end up with over-specified requirements that remove the
         | possibility of innovative or creative solutions. Providers are
         | treated like a commodity, where it is assumed that all will do
         | the same job, and cost is the only real negotiation point,
         | maybe with some kind of scoring grid against the over-specified
         | requirements thrown in.
         | 
         | And the procurement decisions are made by procurement officers
         | who are not the actual users of what is being bought (in the
         | name of objectivity).
         | 
         | So what happens, on a good day, is that the operational users
         | in the purchasing department work with the preferred vendor to
         | "wire" the RFP to reflect the scope or work that is wanted and
         | add requirements (e.g. years of very specific experience, past
         | projects) that heavily favor the preferred vendor. At least
         | this way the department may get something they want, thought it
         | obviously can be gamed. Worse though is that many contracts
         | just go to lowest cost staffing firms that are optimized to
         | comply with government procurement requirements and provide the
         | minimum set of bodies that meet those requirements, usually
         | former government folks rented back, plus some low cost IT
         | resources, that are there to execute to the letter of what the
         | government has over-specified, usually something that wont
         | actually work as written.
         | 
         | This is why so much government procurement is a failure by any
         | objective measure. What I have seen work is when a vendor
         | provides a credible unsolicited pitch to a known problem at a
         | fixed cost, and the relevant departments are forced to decide
         | if it makes sense.
         | 
         | In Canada we had a major one like that a few years ago, the
         | outcome was great for the department that needed it, but
         | careers were destroyed in the process as politicians and their
         | incumbent friends pushed back to try and stop it.
        
           | jjk166 wrote:
           | This is the best explanation for the phenomenon I've ever
           | heard, thank you
        
           | BadInformatics wrote:
           | Name and shame:
           | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/phoenix-
           | costs-137-mill...
        
           | briffle wrote:
           | > Government procurement is so focused on the appearance of
           | fairness and money saving that all other goals, like actually
           | getting something that works, take a back seat.
           | 
           | I worked at a small 2 year college for many years. One time,
           | my Dean I reported to was on vacation, so I had to go talk to
           | the college president, and get him to sign a form for a $7
           | petty cash reimbursement for some zip ties I had bought to
           | clean up some cabling.
           | 
           | One year, our President had to travel to the capital city
           | (about 250 miles away, over the mountains) almost every other
           | week for some budget discussions with other colleges,
           | legislators, etc. We could have saved the taxpayers THOUSANDS
           | of dollars by renting a modest house to use for him (and some
           | of the other staff members that regularly traveled to the
           | capital). But that "might" look like we were providing them
           | with a second home, so we spent thousands more on hotels.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | This is exactly it.
           | 
           | And to be clear, there's a good reason for it: it's to
           | prevent corruption.
           | 
           | If things aren't overspecified and providers aren't treated
           | like a commodity, then it's incredibly hard to prove that a
           | government official actually awarded a contract in a fair
           | process, rather than just sending it over to their best
           | friend's business.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, nobody's really come up with any reliable
           | process for having the flexibility to get good products for
           | good value, while reliably preventing corruption. And when
           | there aren't these ironclad protections against corruption,
           | experience shows it turns endemic, _so_ much money flows
           | through the government.
           | 
           | It's a seriously tough problem.
           | 
           | The reason it doesn't exist in the private sector is that the
           | chain of accountability from managers to CEO to board seats
           | is actually quite strong, and shareholders are incredibly
           | motivated to extract profits. The accountability to voters in
           | a democracy, on the otherhand, is far, far, far weaker -- as
           | voters vote primarily along party lines or on only the
           | absolute biggest hot-button issues.
        
             | BadInformatics wrote:
             | I'm skeptical it's even good at that intended purpose.
             | Perhaps one could argue it prevents blatant, direct
             | corruption, but it does little to control for large company
             | influence and other forms of soft power.
             | 
             | The biggest companies in this space maintain an active
             | revolving door, which ensures that procurement policy is
             | moulded (either consciously or unconsciously) to their
             | process and needs over time. Even more insidiously, they've
             | convinced governments to gut their own IT workforce,
             | removing the people most qualified to critically analyze
             | software vendors. This appeals to your average bureaucrat
             | because it appears to strike a good balance between effort
             | and risk minimization (e.g. why bother managing multiple
             | smaller vendors or timelines?), while in practice it does
             | exactly the opposite.
        
           | xwolfi wrote:
           | In France, the tiny company I was in lost a lot of gov
           | contracts to our absolute surprise since we felt we actually
           | had a better solution for the price.
           | 
           | What we did to start winning was to make friends with the
           | people judging us, offering free services making them
           | personally look good until we started having such relations
           | with them they d ask us out to frame the contracts and give
           | them to us whatever our competitors would come up with.
           | 
           | It's impossible to take decisions based on surprise proposals
           | in a public tender and it felt it was an open secret that
           | tenders' winners MUST be decided before publication.
        
           | metanonsense wrote:
           | Last week we lost a bid for a government contract. That's
           | nothing unusual but I almost laughed when they described how
           | they reached that conclusion. They weighted price against
           | quality at a ratio of 80 to 20. I mean: really?
        
             | g_p wrote:
             | This is fairly standard, sadly, and is why Government
             | struggles to deliver, especially on IT and similar
             | "intangibles" type contracts.
             | 
             | The same issues happen in any other procurement activity
             | that is required to rigorously follow a specific process
             | due to spending public money, or bill-payer money of a
             | regulated monopoly etc.
             | 
             | In short, you need large numbers of people involved to
             | avoid "corruption" (irrespective of the actual level of
             | such risk), and this means you end up less flexible and
             | less able to buy what's needed. Weighting price by 80% is
             | common, as nobody wants to be seen to deliver "poor value
             | for money to the tax-payer". Hence the cheapest bid almost
             | always wins, as nobody wants to have to stand up and
             | explain why they didn't pick the cheapest bid.
             | 
             | There's a whole separate issue in how to handle "too cheap"
             | bids (i.e. where you under-bid on the initial work, knowing
             | you can get technical lock-in and be able to win future
             | contracts uncontested, and turn those lucrative), but this
             | is still an issue - see how the large outsourcers or
             | consultancies do this regularly, and end up winning
             | renewals on basis of "necessity".
             | 
             | There's an art to writing a winning (cheap) tender, then
             | staffing it with people who rigorously enforce the scope
             | back onto the Government client, and force every single
             | change through an expensive change process. That's the
             | business model many follow, and it delivers far poorer
             | value for money in the long run. But the headline price was
             | cheaper, so they'll still get selected...
        
         | varispeed wrote:
         | > There is so much incompetency in governmental IT/software
         | decisions and software it's actually sad.
         | 
         | Most likely because a company with lowest bid wins or a company
         | that has connections with government, so they get selected
         | based on friendships rather than competence. Then such company
         | typically sends least experienced developers working for
         | pittance and they hope project will last long enough that it
         | gets scrapped before it gets completed, so they will not be
         | held accountable for anything.
        
         | dukeofdoom wrote:
         | Politicians operate by building support and making money for
         | their backers. If you are too efficient, and leave no crumbs,
         | you will quickly lose support. Being a messy eater will get you
         | much further. If you piss of enough tech billionaires, look no
         | further than the last election to see what happens.
        
           | virbtb wrote:
           | I have interacted with a level of the US DoD that is far
           | removed from actual politicians. The situation there is
           | closer to what others described: a pervasive, penny wise and
           | pound foolish fear of being seen to spend money. It really
           | affects everything: an entire professional workforce hired at
           | well below market salary, wasted man-hours due to
           | restrictions on equipment purchases, frequent reorgs to
           | shuffle budgets around, etc. If this is anything like that, I
           | bet they gave this to the cheapest bidder without
           | consideration of much else.
        
         | salawat wrote:
         | I turned down a contracting opportunity that would have been
         | exceedingly lucrative for me because the contractor wanted me
         | to take liberties with what I've done all in the name of
         | greasing RFP's for government procurement.
         | 
         | Was initially stoked and honored to be considered, but the
         | longer I thought about it, the more uncomfortable and heavy the
         | thought of how it all worked started to sour me to the entire
         | idea.
         | 
         | Never realized how pervasive the whole practice was til then.
         | Thought it was a rumor or story... Turns out...
        
         | Swizec wrote:
         | Government IT: pays government salaries
         | 
         | Private sector: pays more than lawyers and surgeons even if yiu
         | never graduated college
         | 
         | Gee I wonder where smart ambitious people will go
        
           | bierjunge wrote:
           | Exactly. I dropped out of university, so I can't be hired by
           | any German agency/office, because a degree is a hard
           | requirement. But I can work for them as a consultant asking
           | for more than two-three times the money...
           | 
           | The salary is a joke, I've made their base salary, which
           | requires at least bachelors degree, as part time working
           | student in private sector.
           | 
           | There is only one reason to work for the government in
           | Germany and it's called "Verbeamtung" (a legal state where
           | you are not employed, but appointed for government service,
           | it's almost impossible to get fired and you pay little to no
           | taxes, etc.), but the whole office politics and long decision
           | making channels are awful (source: me working for a company
           | owned by the local government years ago).
        
             | nkmnz wrote:
             | Agree with everything, except for the point about taxes.
             | Income tax for employees, state officials (,,Beamte") and
             | self employed people in Germany is exactly the same
             | regarding the tax rates. The difference is social
             | insurance, especially pensions and health insurance.
        
               | dathinab wrote:
               | And pensions, and health insurance, state officials
               | (Beamte) get a (non small part) part of the health
               | insurance payed by the state (at least that was the case
               | in many state official jobs until recently).
               | 
               | When you get old and had a not supper high paying job
               | this can _easily_ be as if you had gotten 50%-100% more
               | salery!! At the same time they (state officials) complain
               | they get to little. It 's completely stupid. AND at the
               | same time non "Beamte" state officials do not get any
               | such benefits, nor especially good pensions or reasonable
               | pay or absurd employment protections(1) or even a proper
               | working contract...
               | 
               | (1): If you are a "ver_beamte_ter" state official it's
               | close to impossible to get fired as long as you don't
               | idk. commit some serve crime (and a few other special
               | cases). So you are not getting any work done because you
               | don't care anyone, no problem keep your job. You mess up
               | all your work, ok you still have a job. You working moral
               | degraded to a degree you are basically unemployable _and
               | still you have a full paycheck every moth and keep your
               | job_. Through besides serve crimes there are a few things
               | which can cost you your job, but they are easy to avoid.
               | 
               | Anyway this doesn't meant there are not honest, proper
               | employees in such positions it's just very hard for them
               | to keep their motivation.
        
               | nkmnz wrote:
               | To be fair: German employee protection is so strong, it's
               | almost impossible for anyone to get fired from any
               | company bigger than 10 employees for reasons other than
               | committing crimes or felonies, as long as the company
               | cannot prove that they have to let people go due to bad
               | overall business. Even then, as an employer, you cannot
               | simply fire the underachievers, but you have to negotiate
               | with the works council to be able to keep the youngest,
               | highest performers, because they have the least
               | protection and have to fired first...
        
               | polypodiopsi wrote:
               | Which is exactly how it should be, no? Or do you favour
               | kickin someone in their 50s out who has worked at the
               | place for the last 20 years and will have a super hard
               | time to find another job no matter how hard they try, so
               | that their only option is being unemployed and to rely on
               | social security?
        
               | nkmnz wrote:
               | First, employers should be able to keep employees based
               | on merit, not on arbitrary measures neither the employer
               | nor the employee can change (sex, gender, age,...). If a
               | company is already in trouble, having to let go talent
               | will hurt them even more. It's so hard (and expensive) to
               | let people go in Germany that it's almost always the last
               | cry for help to get more subsidies or shut down for good.
               | The 50 year old won't any guarantee to keep that job for
               | much longer like that... Secondl, the reasoning holds
               | also for an overperforming 50 year old employee who's
               | recently been hired vs. a 35 year old that started
               | vocational training 19 years prior - no chance for the
               | newbie to stay. What's your opinion on this? Third, the
               | job market for people with experience is very good in
               | Germany. There are indefinite ways to learn new skills
               | and redevelop your career, mostly sponsored by the
               | taxpayer. At age 50, a lot of people start their second
               | or third career. I don't trust the narrative that old
               | People are doomed if they lose their job compared to a 28
               | year old with two kids and a husband that's doing his PhD
               | on a shitty part time salary.
        
               | themulticaster wrote:
               | On the other hand, employers often work around the
               | restrictions on termination by employing people on a
               | fixed-term employment contract ("befristeter
               | Arbeitsvertrag") and then extending the employment period
               | again and again [1]. In many sectors it is pretty much
               | impossible to get an indefinite contract.
               | 
               | [1] Although there is a regular limit of two years, i.e.
               | if you continue working after two years the employment
               | contract will be considered indefinite. (Obligatory
               | IANAL)
        
               | nkmnz wrote:
               | Funny thing - the only entity allowed to make
               | ,,Kettenbefristung" (chaining fixed-term contracts)
               | indefinite is... ... the government!
        
             | dathinab wrote:
             | "Verbeamtung" which you basically won't have any chance of
             | getting in most German states in a IT related job even if
             | you litterally save their ass.
             | 
             | The only way to do money there is by having a position
             | where you can make decisions and then twist requirements
             | for "external tasks" so that "your" company has a good
             | chance to get it. Worse if you don't twist requirements the
             | job is still most likely going to a partially incompetent
             | scam company due to how stupid the whole process it...
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | People always wonder why our government often sucks so hard
           | at implementing stuff.
           | 
           | Easy solution:
           | 
           | 1. Pay fewer people more money 2. Reinstitute civil service
           | exams
           | 
           | I guess this is politically impossible?
        
           | tetha wrote:
           | Additionally, well. the BKA, similar to the FBI, looks for
           | security experts. However, since they would be employed by
           | the BKA, they have to go through mandatory physical exams and
           | drug tests. That's just dumb. I'd be able and interested to
           | do that work, but I'm medically unable and not allowed to do
           | that test. So that's that topic done. Can't do security due
           | to asthma.
        
         | Krasnol wrote:
         | I know one even worse: health IT.
         | 
         | The prices for crappy software/hardware solutions are mind
         | boggling. I guess this is how it is if you just can afford it.
        
           | vbsteven wrote:
           | Don't forget that pretty much all software that touches
           | medical data will have to go through various approval and
           | regulatory processes. Which sometimes take up even more time
           | than actually writing the software. Hence high costs in this
           | industry.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | If you were a top computer person (software, security, IT,
         | etc)... emphasis on _top_... would you want to work for a
         | government? Would they value you?
        
         | foepys wrote:
         | Weirdly enough, the Bundesamt fur Sicherheit in der
         | Informationstechnik (BSI), Germany's cyber security authority,
         | is actually very good and has very competent security experts.
         | I bet the officials never consulted them about Luca.
        
           | g_p wrote:
           | I've seen authorities like this "not consulted" deliberately,
           | on the basis that there's a more expedient need for the
           | product, than for the product to be secure.
           | 
           | If the experience of the procuring department is that "BSI
           | finds everything is insecure", then you procure without
           | letting BSI know or have a say in it, and then you look good
           | for getting the procurement completed.
           | 
           | Getting cross-department cooperation on anything complex
           | tends to be the exception rather than the rule - it's much
           | easier for everyone to make the same (avoidable) mistakes
           | over and over again, apparently, than it is to accept the
           | process doesn't work and fix it.
           | 
           | "Intangible" non-functional requirements are simply something
           | that don't translate well into the procurement world, and are
           | the first thing dropped to try and lower the "headline
           | price". Being secure enough to get past BSI is a cost that
           | your competitor likely won't be factoring in.
        
             | themulticaster wrote:
             | > If the experience of the procuring department is that
             | "BSI finds everything is insecure", then you procure
             | without letting BSI know or have a say in it, and then you
             | look good for getting the procurement completed.
             | 
             | Sounds plausible. Especially looking at years of (German)
             | data protection officials recommending against using
             | Windows 10/Office 365 in government agencies, followed by
             | officials explaining that only Microsoft's products are
             | able to fulfill their "extremely complicated requirements".
             | 
             | I'm not entirely convinced that only Windows 10 has the
             | necessary features for registering a vehicle title...
        
         | 908B64B197 wrote:
         | > Is it a product of smart people simply not working in this
         | sector or corruption?
         | 
         | Depends on the country/jurisdiction.
         | 
         | This reminds me of a story: college career fair is held in
         | January. Government is there and takes resumes. Candidates
         | start getting callbacks for government positions in late April.
         | 
         | Do I even have to explain that those still available late April
         | for the summer maybe were not... the sharpest tools in the
         | shed?
        
         | stinkytaco wrote:
         | At least in the US, some of it is the vagaries of government
         | acquisitions. The requisition process is one that works fairly
         | well for services and products that are established and largely
         | interchangeable, but is more difficult for something that's
         | either emerging or complex. So it's fairly straightforward to
         | say "I require a piece of construction equipment that does
         | something" and then go view a few off-the-shelf options and
         | pick the best price. But for software and services, especially
         | things that don't exist, the existing requisition process
         | doesn't work well. You're required to plan very far ahead in a
         | market that moves quickly. By the time you get to bids, the
         | requirements have likely changed, but it might be too late to
         | go back and change requisition without going through an
         | approval process again. It also requires you boil down a
         | process into a series of atomized pieces that can be scored so
         | you've got a clear paper-trail of the acquisitions process.
         | 
         | It's a system that benefits vendors that can manage the red
         | tape that's there to prevent corruption.
        
       | s_dev wrote:
       | Ireland has a Covid19 tracker app that can easily intergrate with
       | other EU covid apps. NearForm the Developer sells a branded
       | version for a million.
       | 
       | It's also open source with a generous licence.
       | 
       | Why didn't Germany use that? Corruption.
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | The equivalent app to that in Germany launched a month earlier
         | than Irelands, is also open-source and integrated with other
         | countries' (like Irlands), and not the app talked about here.
        
       | cameronperot wrote:
       | Related discussion from a few weeks ago about the mentioned
       | licensing issue:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26644053
        
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