[HN Gopher] Designing a guitar with hot-swappable pickups
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       Designing a guitar with hot-swappable pickups
        
       Author : frenchie4111
       Score  : 85 points
       Date   : 2021-05-02 17:44 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.staycaffeinated.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.staycaffeinated.com)
        
       | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
       | FYI, this idea got implemented a few times in various forms, the
       | most known commercial implementation is by Dan Armstrong.
       | 
       | Ampeg Dan Amrstrong guitar and bass are just cool, look them up.
        
       | jackseviltwin wrote:
       | Somnium Guitars [0] also makes guitars with easily hot swappable
       | pickups. They have a mounting system where you can put most
       | pickups into their mounting module and click it into place from
       | the back of the body. It's still a bit pricey, but starts at a
       | less expensive $2,495 MSRP vs $4,500 from Relish.
       | 
       | Here's a video from Know Your Gear on their product:
       | https://youtu.be/Vj2uJBeSHt4
       | 
       | [0] https://somniumguitars.com
        
         | frenchie4111 wrote:
         | These are awesome, thanks for sharing
        
       | utopcell wrote:
       | One could get a Line 6 Variax and play with endless variations on
       | body types, pickups, tunings and recordings of vintage guitars.
       | Old ones can be had for very little these days.
        
       | leoh wrote:
       | Very nice. It would be awesome if this were standard.
        
       | galkk wrote:
       | Without video it isn't clear how convenient/easy it is.
       | 
       | Here's another approach: https://youtu.be/pZaTbCBvcOI?t=39 (it's
       | in Russian, but the mechanics is very simple)
        
         | frenchie4111 wrote:
         | Ooh that one is easier than mine. Would have been outside the
         | scope for this project though (likely needs custom connectors).
         | 
         | Takes 30 seconds-ish to swap mine, you pull it out, unplug the
         | jack, plug the jack into the next one, slide it in. Not "on
         | stage" easy, but definitely "messing around in my garage" easy.
        
       | kjgkjhfkjf wrote:
       | It's extremely tempting to try to speed up your progress on the
       | guitar using your existing engineering skills (e.g. what we have
       | here), mathematics skills (e.g. learning music theory), or other
       | resources (e.g. buying loads of gear), but the only way reliably
       | to make progress is practice, practice, and more practice playing
       | the guitar itself.
        
       | utopcell wrote:
       | Jimi went from a $5 acoustic in 1958 to being dead in 1970.
       | That's less time than what it takes most of us to go through our
       | GAS (gear acquisition syndrome) and just enjoy playing the darned
       | thing.
        
       | TrackerFF wrote:
       | Dan Armstrong guitars had a nifty system for this, which goes
       | back years.
       | 
       | https://farm4.static.flickr.com/3130/2319685814_b648ce0118.j...
       | 
       | https://cdn.mos.musicradar.com/images/Product%20News/Guitar/...
        
       | jolux wrote:
       | Nice to see some electric guitar geekery on HN :). I started
       | playing last year during the pandemic too, but I had learned a
       | bit in elementary school and I played alto saxophone for around a
       | decade in various school jazz groups.
       | 
       | Gentle suggestion: try to see how many different tones you can
       | get out of one sole pickup by varying your technique (angle and
       | strength of attack, angle that your finger is fretting the
       | string, the part of your finger you fret with, amount of vibrato,
       | type of vibrato, gentle bends, etc). Try practicing with the amp
       | cranked so you can play notes at normal volume just by brushing
       | the pick against the string and listen to the errors it reveals
       | in your technique. The electric guitar is an extremely sensitive
       | instrument. Pickups do make a huge difference (particularly
       | switching between singles and humbuckers), but I got this advice
       | from a teacher and it has totally changed my perspective on tone.
       | If you can develop a deep understanding of the relationship your
       | technique has to tone, you can find a tone that is yours on any
       | guitar, I guarantee it.
        
       | Beldin wrote:
       | For those like me who didn't know: a pickup is a thingy that
       | generates a tiny electrical field around a string. This allows
       | electronics to translate string vibrations to an audio signal.
       | 
       | One thing missing (for me) from the article is a rough idea of
       | what the effect could be. Why would you care about easy swapping
       | at all? Why not find the right one(s) and stick with that/those?
       | Why does changing speed matter - would you change them between
       | songs?
       | 
       | (Yes, I didn't know about pickups before this article)
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | Perhaps for a bit of additional explanation, a guitar pickup is
         | a variable reluctance sensor. It's a coil wrapped around a
         | magnet. The magnet sympathetically magnetizes the string, and
         | then the vibrating magnetized string induces a voltage on the
         | coil. The strings have to be made of a magnetic material such
         | as steel, nickel, or one of the magnetic stainless alloys.
         | 
         | Beyond what was mentioned about single and dual coil, each
         | pickup has a unique resistance and inductance, which at first
         | glance might affect the frequency response of the typically
         | crude circuit in the guitar. And the magnetic field may also
         | produce some damping of the string motion. Those are some
         | things that might affect tone quality.
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | Because we guitarists enjoy the wild goose chase that is the
         | never-ending quest for ultimate tone, and thus need to try as
         | many pickups as possible.
         | 
         | But on a more serious note - it's because woods sound very
         | different, and pickups will sound very different depending on
         | what guitar they're in. It's a pain to take the strings off,
         | de-solder a pickup, solder in a new pickup, and put on the
         | strings - only to discover that the pickup doesn't sound any
         | good. Being able to swap them out in mater of seconds is an
         | all-around improvement.
        
         | hctaw wrote:
         | It's a laborious process that has a significant impact on tone.
         | You usually have to restring the guitar when you change them
         | out.
         | 
         | The biggest change would be between dual coils ("humbuckers")
         | and true single coils. Most modern humbuckers have four leads
         | (you only need two to make a sound, you get two leads per coil)
         | which allow you to wire a switch on the guitar called a "coil
         | tap" which allows you to disengage the secondary coil. This
         | allows you to have a dual coil that functions sonically as
         | either, and it is very desirable for musicians that need a
         | diverse range of tones for their set list (good example is if
         | you ever play a wedding and take requests).
         | 
         | You're also never happy with it. I've changed all the pups on
         | my three guitars multiple times.
        
       | mattacular wrote:
       | Very cool DIY. Was hoping to see what it looks like from the back
       | with all the electronics in place? And maybe a video of how the
       | swap works in practice would be helpful to illustrate.
        
       | mike_red5hift wrote:
       | Might want to look at Somnium Guitars for a more refined (not
       | DIY) version of this. They have a really nice system. Not cheap,
       | but the build quality is excellent.
        
       | papandada wrote:
       | But how about the results of which pickup sounds he preferred?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | wk_end wrote:
       | > On every electric guitar, the pickups have dampening springs.
       | From trolling online guitar forums, it sounds like these are
       | pretty important for dampening some vibrations from affecting the
       | pickup.
       | 
       | This is a strange statement. Many pickup designs have springs as
       | part of their mounting mechanism, but it's not for dampening
       | vibrations - it's to allow the height of the pickup to be
       | adjusted.
       | 
       | Certain pickups (notably, off the top of my head, Fender
       | Jazzmaster & Jaguar pickups) don't even use springs for this -
       | instead there's a block of foam placed underneath the pickup that
       | compresses as the pickup is screwed down.
       | 
       | Of course, it's possible some cork-sniffer guitar nerds will
       | claim that they can hear the effects pickup springs have on tone
       | (and the effects of different metals in the springs, no doubt),
       | but these are the same people who will claim that they can hear
       | the difference different glues make on tone, or will swear up-
       | and-down that a real $5000 Klon has a richer and fuller sound
       | than a $100 clone made from the exact same circuit with the exact
       | same components, or that tube amps sound better because
       | "electrons can't survive in a crystal lattice" [0] (so buy my
       | $100K tube amp!), or...
       | 
       | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVTj08qTwGw
        
         | squarefoot wrote:
         | I don't know about dampening screws on pickups as I don't think
         | I ever saw them; they use springs on each screw to keep them
         | pushed up and reduce screws play, but I'm not sure they're the
         | same thing.
         | 
         | Anyway, guitars with a spring vibrato bridge, have this faint
         | but audible natural spring reverb inside their body which by
         | contact affects the strings too adding more warmth to their
         | sound.
         | 
         | It would be worth experimenting with a set of all different
         | springs so that the force applied to the bridge is the same,
         | but they would resonate on different frequencies therefore
         | making the reverb effect bandwidth wider.
        
           | frenchie4111 wrote:
           | Good thing it's easy to swap the pickups in my guitar, so I
           | can test things like that easily :)
        
         | YZF wrote:
         | "Tone" is the sum of many little things (and then some bigger
         | things). There can certainly be differences between guitars
         | that seem quite similar. Since part (most?) of "tone" comes
         | from the player there can be subtle "UX" things that have an
         | influence or even the mental state of the player and what they
         | believe to be true.
         | 
         | I can believe that spring mounted vs solidly mounting to the
         | body can make some difference (physics says there should be)
         | but I can also believe the difference can be so small as to be
         | negligible.
         | 
         | People gravitate towards combos that are known to be
         | successful. Since they don't understand the exact mechanisms at
         | work it's safe to say let's have a mahogany body, a certain
         | pickup, mounted a certain way, a bone nut, certain fingerboard
         | material etc. and expect certain results.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | I don't think you'll see much criticism of people's personal
           | preferences or habits for their own guitar playing, even for
           | things that are pretty eccentric or obviously superstitious.
           | What _is_ legit criticism in my view is when people are
           | trying to convince other people of these things (and
           | especially selling these things at exorbitant prices by
           | making dubious claims).
        
           | jolux wrote:
           | In rough order of significance, electric guitar tone is
           | influenced by:
           | 
           | - technique (absolutely the most important)
           | 
           | - amplifier
           | 
           | - pickups + strings
           | 
           | - everything else (debatable whether you can even notice it)
           | 
           | I don't know if there's hard evidence but I think folks who
           | think wood and nut types and whatever make a difference are
           | nuts. The relative difference in stiffness between the
           | strings and the body is so huge that believing that the neck
           | and body effect tone seems to me like believing that asphalt
           | vs concrete effects how a tennis net vibrates.
        
             | disantlor wrote:
             | Tried to second your comment about playing quietly on a
             | very loud amp but looks like it was deleted. So I'll say it
             | here: at some point I tried playing out of a very high
             | headroom amp, fingerstyle, and it _completely_ changed my
             | playing and understanding of the guitar. I  "wasted" so
             | many years on small tube amps that break up right away.
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | Sorry about that, reposted ;)
        
             | skj wrote:
             | You can definitely hear the difference between many guitar
             | models. Are you suggesting that pickups are the only
             | difference?
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | Pickups and amps are by far the biggest difference. In an
               | acoustic guitar, sound is produced by the whole body of
               | the guitar resonating. In an electric, sound is produced
               | by the string vibrating in an electromagnetic field above
               | the pickup poles. The ideal guitar string contacts the
               | body at three points along the body (nut, fret, saddle),
               | on ideally as narrow a surface as possible at each of
               | those points.
        
               | the_local_host wrote:
               | If you ever get the chance, try putting together a strat
               | with one of those cheap paulownia bodies and compare it
               | to.. well, anything else that is exactly the same except
               | for the body material. To me, the difference is glaring;
               | the paulownia is so treble-heavy it's intolerable.
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | By what principle does it make it more treble-heavy? This
               | is the part that I haven't had explained to me and I
               | don't understand it. I have a basswood Mustang and it
               | sounds fine with decent humbuckers in it.
        
               | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
               | Is it as simple as that though?
               | 
               | Ideally you'd have the same care put into making the
               | "cheap" body. So that we can isolate the difference to
               | just the material.
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | Strings can make a tremendous difference. Just throw on a
             | set of flatwounds if you don't believe me.
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | Yes, strings are one of the most important. Also dirty
               | and old strings vs new and clean strings.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | > trolling
         | 
         | Does the author mean 'trawling'?
        
           | frenchie4111 wrote:
           | Yep, you're right, I do mean that
        
             | fnord77 wrote:
             | you were right
             | 
             | > The basic difference between these two similar terms is
             | that trawling involves a net and is typically done for
             | commercial fishing purposes, while trolling involves a rod,
             | reel, and a bait or lure," and is typically done by
             | recreational fishermen.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | The definition misses a common usage - to antagonize
               | (others) online by deliberately posting inflammatory,
               | irrelevant, or offensive comments or other disruptive
               | content.
               | 
               | I wonder though, based on the professional/enthusiast
               | fishing definition, could you call someone who is paid
               | for (digital) trolling, a trawler?
               | 
               | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/troll
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | Hello! Neat articles on the rest of your site too. As a
             | Home Assistant addict, you have given me plenty to read.
        
         | sunshineforever wrote:
         | Are you sure that tube amps don't sound better than solid state
         | amps? This is such a common knowledge in the "guitar world"
         | that I can't believe that it's not true. And I swear that I've
         | heard the difference myself...
         | 
         | Edit to further elaborate I've heard that solid state amps are
         | used in metal more commonly because they have a different tone
         | then tube amps which would be more common in a bluesy type
         | sound.
        
           | vcxy wrote:
           | I think this used to be true, but these days tube amps can be
           | very faithfully modeled. E.g., the fender tone master amps
           | sound great.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Even when it used to be true, I feel like what was true was
             | that tube amps sound more like tube amps than solid state
             | amps.
        
           | robbiex88 wrote:
           | "...I've heard that solid state amps are used in metal more
           | commonly because they have a different tone"
           | 
           | Partially false. The general trend in metal has gravitated
           | towards tube amp distortion (and digital modeling of it)
           | precisely because of the different tone and responses vs
           | solid state amps.
           | 
           | As a guitarist there's a certain response you get with a tube
           | amp vs digital and solid state.
           | 
           | As an HN reader, I struggle to describe and quantify this
           | quality besides the generic descriptors of 'response' and
           | 'feel'.
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | You're only able to hear these differences if you use silver
         | cables made by elves under the moonlight!
        
         | stirfish wrote:
         | Some cheap (or expensive but old) pickups rattle when you shake
         | them. Here's a tutorial on "repotting" some pickups in wax to
         | fix this.
         | 
         | https://www.projectguitar.com/tutorials/electronics/repottin...
         | 
         | You don't have to be a cork sniffer to hear small things affect
         | your tone. You just have to play very loudly on half-broken
         | instruments - which isn't everyone's cup of tea.
        
         | jollybean wrote:
         | Small point - 'tube amps' unconditionally sound better than
         | solid state. It's a marked difference that doesn't really
         | require a trained ear or anything, if you played a few chords
         | on a 'warmed up tube amp' vs. 'solid state' to someone who's
         | never seen an electric guitar in real life, they'd be able to
         | hear the difference.
        
           | somebodythere wrote:
           | They sound "different", but not "unconditionally better", and
           | it's not something you can't replicate in the signal path...
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | The difference is unambiguous and players overwhelmingly
             | chose tubes, all other things being equal (i.e. cost,
             | hassle). Unless you're playing maybe a very clean sound
             | (jazz?) without the most remote hint of warmth or
             | distortion, tubes are it.
             | 
             | It's ridiculous that someone would call out 'tubes' as
             | somehow being a kind of nerdy/fake/poseur guitarist
             | connoisseur melodrama. It's literally the most important
             | point differentiation of amps, to the point that almost all
             | tube amps sound better than almost all solid state (at
             | least in the same class).
             | 
             | While someone might possibly take umbrage that 'tubes are
             | not _always_ better ' - there's basically no room for
             | someone to say it's a 'petty concern'.
        
           | dr_hooo wrote:
           | A trained guitarist's ear might notice the difference, but I
           | highly doubt a crow would care. Also you are overstating the
           | difference, and by no means is your opinion uncontested (just
           | putting this out for the non-guitarists in the HN crowd).
           | Even for those who can identify and prefer the tube sounds,
           | digital modellers like Kemper do exist and do exist and seem
           | to do a fine job in blind tests (see for example Anderton's
           | on youtube).
        
             | tohnjitor wrote:
             | Are crows known for their hearing?
        
         | frenchie4111 wrote:
         | Yeah, maybe they aren't that important. Using guitar forums as
         | my source of truth maybe isn't the best. In any case, I have
         | them on my guitar :)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | I'm an electric bassist, and springy pickups unnerve me. For
         | one thing, I sometimes rest my thumb on the pickup. So I've
         | replaced the springs with hard spacers, cut to the desired
         | length. As a result, my pickups are solid, and not adjustable.
         | 
         | For another thing, the foam turns into goo after 40 years,
         | which is how long it's been since I set up the instrument.
        
       | dehrmann wrote:
       | > Lately I've been learning to play guitar. I wanted to be able
       | to try out a bunch of different pickups on my guitar, to get a
       | feel for what sound I prefer.
       | 
       | I've been playing for over 10 years, and I still don't really
       | care. I have a strat with the standard three single-coil pickups
       | and a Gibson with two humbuckers. I'm sure it makes some
       | difference, but where I'm at, I can't hear enough of a difference
       | beyond the big things that it just doesn't matter.
        
         | hctaw wrote:
         | It makes a big difference if you have a good amp that doesn't
         | have a dull preamp stage. Some of the newer tube designs are
         | extremely responsive to a change in how they're loaded (same
         | goes for all the shitty unbuffered drive pedals that
         | inexplicably sound good).
         | 
         | In my rig I have an SSH guitar with a higher output neck and
         | bridge with a coil tap and run it straight into a blackstar
         | HT40. The pickup selection and volume knob give me all my
         | clean/dirty/overdriven tones without pedals, so there's less
         | noise and less that can fail. It would be really hard to
         | achieve that without the time I spent to find a set of pickups
         | that works.
        
         | inetsee wrote:
         | I'm 70 years old. My ability to hear subtle differences in
         | sound is probably at least 20 or more years in my past. This is
         | why I have no intention of buying a PonoPlayer, or any of the
         | other outrageously expensive high resolution music players.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > This is why I have no intention of buying a PonoPlayer
           | 
           | Also Nyquist-Shannon.
        
         | jolux wrote:
         | I think Stratocaster single-coils and Gibson humbuckers cover
         | almost all of the sounds you can get out of an electric guitar.
         | The bridge pickup on a Telecaster is overwound and a bit louder
         | than the bridge on a Strat, but the difference is pretty subtle
         | if the Strat is setup correctly. The only other really distinct
         | sound is the P-90, but it's not nearly as common as the other
         | two, and it's also a variation on single-coil tone.
        
           | TylerE wrote:
           | You're really selling it short.
           | 
           | Even amongst fairly traditional humbuckers, there is a huge
           | range...compare an Alnico 2 humbucker wound to say 5kohm with
           | a 20k ceramic...
        
             | jolux wrote:
             | That's true, overall resistance makes a huge difference.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | How do P-90's compare to a humbucker with a coil tap?
        
             | wk_end wrote:
             | You usually split a humbucker rather than tap it. Either
             | way, that'll give you a lot less grunt than a P-90, which
             | are just as hot or hotter than the average PAF-style
             | humbucker with both coils going.
        
       | YZF wrote:
       | Often the cheap necks can be made quite nicer with a bit of extra
       | fret work. If the edges feel sharp then it's a matter of
       | filing/sanding them to get them smoother. If there's buzzing then
       | re-level and re-crown. There is a wealth of information on guitar
       | building. If you want a bigger challenge, build your own neck. It
       | is doable with hand tools though the right power tools certainly
       | make it easier.
       | 
       | If you want to drill straight holes without a drill press there's
       | this little guide doohickey you can buy that you hold against the
       | piece and put your drill bit through the guide.
        
         | duncan-donuts wrote:
         | Another trick for straight holes is to put something on the bit
         | (like a washer or something that moves freely) and it should
         | stay in the same spot. If it slides forward/backward the bit
         | isn't level. This probably isn't a good technique for drilling
         | pilot holes for a neck but it works well for things where a
         | Good Enough(tm) tolerance is acceptable.
        
         | frenchie4111 wrote:
         | Thanks for the tips! I actually tried the guide doohickey but I
         | still failed to get good straight holes. The hard part was that
         | the guitar is not a really level surface to rest the guide on,
         | so I had some complication getting it to sit well.
        
           | YZF wrote:
           | That's where the hand plane comes into play ;) I've also
           | started building guitars during the pandemic. Lots of fun!
           | I'm on my third.
        
       | vr46 wrote:
       | An interesting idea, but not convinced, as they don't look very
       | adjustable for height, for example, my Tele pickups are higher on
       | the treble side, compensating somewhat for the higher output of
       | the bigger strings. You could cut this into the mount, but that
       | defeats the purpose of being able to test things quickly, the
       | moment one variable is fixed, you have an instant constraint.
       | This experiment is a trade-off, I get that. He's not an
       | experienced guitar player and wants to fiddle with pickups. Fine,
       | enjoy, EVH was all about getting the sound to match what's in his
       | head anyway, whatever it took.
        
         | frenchie4111 wrote:
         | They have the same height adjustment options that most guitar
         | pickups do, the pickups are held on to the mount with two
         | screws and you can screw in/out to adjust the height
         | accordingly. It works in reverse of the normal system since the
         | screws are backwards, but it works
        
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