[HN Gopher] What can a technologist do about climate change? (2015)
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       What can a technologist do about climate change? (2015)
        
       Author : manx
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2021-06-13 20:44 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
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       | seb1204 wrote:
       | He can do what everyone can do. Live a more conscious life,
       | consume less, buy high quality consumer products that last
       | longer, re-use reduce recycle, talk about it, advocate better
       | choices. Consume greenery/renewable energy, take public
       | transportation, engaged in politics.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | > _re-use reduce recycle_
         | 
         | I believe the ideal order is "Refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle,
         | rot."
         | 
         | Refuse: Just say no to stuff. You don't have to worry about
         | dealing with the waste from things that you don't take in the
         | first place. This can be taken to not-helpful extremes, but in
         | general, this is the best option. It's always depressing to see
         | just how much trash (of the "actual trash" variety) one of our
         | very rare take-out meals produces. If we all (4 of us) have
         | something from a drivethrough, the amount of trash generated by
         | that one meal is very close to a week's worth of kitchen trash
         | for us with other meals. The paper is often too greasy to
         | recycle, waxed paper cups are good for firestarters but little
         | else, etc.
         | 
         | Reduce: All other things being equal, "less crap to dispose of"
         | beats "more." I'll point to standard blister packaging as the
         | sort of thing one ought avoid, if at all possible. Not only is
         | it a very real health hazard during the opening process, it's
         | almost entirely impossible to do anything with it after the
         | fact. This is where bringing your own bags to the grocery store
         | fit in, or for things like loose vegetables and such... just
         | don't use a bag! You get some weird looks in the checkout lane
         | when you dump half a dozen onions on the conveyer, but I remove
         | the outer skins anyway when I work on them, and I don't have a
         | plastic bag to deal with as a result.
         | 
         | Reuse: Anyone with small children (and lacking weird quirks
         | about "You're playing with a box!") is probably an expert at
         | this. I cannot tell you how many times a box something came in
         | has turned into a good play toy for a week or two. Random
         | kitchen boxes can be taped up and turned into blocks,
         | corrugated cardboard is just awesome for everything, waste
         | paper from address labels or such is useful for drawing, etc.
         | Lots of options here. I've considered getting a setup to smash
         | glass up and embed it in concrete I pour for various things,
         | though I'm not sure this really gains me an awful lot in terms
         | of mass.
         | 
         | Recycle: This is the standard first response, and depressingly
         | often, "Recycle" actually translates to, "Oh, yeah, totally buy
         | this thing, it can be recycled!" It's just an excuse to consume
         | more. If you want to be quite upset by this, look at the state
         | of plastic recycling in developed nations. It tends to consist
         | heavily of "We loaded it into a shipping container, sent it to
         | a third world country, and counted it as recycled, we don't
         | care what they actually do with it." "What they actually do
         | with it," often enough, is open burning, or just letting it
         | wander down the river into the ocean. If you're concerned about
         | the environment (as opposed to purely carbon emissions and
         | GHGs), plastics should be a huge, huge problem. Unfortunately,
         | _literally everything_ comes in them.
         | 
         | Rot: Compost. If it's organic, or nearly so, compost it. Hot
         | piles work best.
        
       | thysultan wrote:
       | Buy seeds, and seal them with little sprinkles of wisdom like
       | fortune cookies in places that would be accessible in the
       | aftermath, the new inheritors of the earth will regard you as a
       | prophet or god when they re-learn the ancient art of farming.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | Unfortunately, outside some particular environmental conditions
         | that are far from trivial to reproduce most places, seeds don't
         | last indefinitely. The gemination rate tends to drop off fairly
         | rapidly as a factor of years.
         | 
         | They're designed to survive from late summer to spring, not
         | years or the decades that would be needed for that sort of
         | thing.
         | 
         | Now, there's a ton you can do with seeds - work on optimizing
         | various heirloom varieties of plants to your local climate (as
         | opposed to the "one seed for all places, apply energy to the
         | field until they behave!" approach that is widely used today),
         | and trying to keep some genetic diversity in the seeds you use,
         | but I don't think "random seed capsules" are likely to work
         | over the likely timeframes involved.
        
       | anonporridge wrote:
       | The best thing everyone can do is have fewer children.
       | 
       | This is the elephant in the room that no one wants to talk about.
        
       | carapace wrote:
       | Use less energy.
       | 
       | Here's Vaclav Smil at Driva Climate Investment Meeting 2019
       | giving a talk called "Investing in a changing climate - what we
       | can learn from historic energy transitions".
       | https://youtu.be/gkj_91IJVBk
       | 
       | The conclusion is sobering: "Only absolute cuts in energy use
       | would work." ( https://youtu.be/gkj_91IJVBk?t=2283 )
       | 
       | We can do this and most of the technology needed is already
       | invented and available, we just have to get our act together as a
       | species and start using our tech efficiently. We don't have to
       | endure a lower quality of life, just eliminating waste would get
       | us most of the way there.
        
       | tito wrote:
       | Hackers can join (or start) an air mining company working on how
       | to pull carbon from the air economically: https://airminers.org/
        
       | soroushjp wrote:
       | If you're looking for ways to contribute positively to the fight
       | against climate change, check out relevant job boards like
       | https://jobs.climatebase.org/jobs (no affiliation).
       | 
       | I also lead engineering over at Vow (vowfood.com), where we're
       | hoping to transition the world to cell-cultured meat as a way to
       | dramatically cut back on global emissions, since a quarter of all
       | GHG emissions are food related.[1][2] If you're a Software or
       | Mechatronics Engineer who wants to learn more, shoot me a
       | message. We're hiring in Sydney and for experienced remote
       | software engineers as well.
       | 
       | * 1: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6392/987 * 2:
       | https://gfi.org/resource/cultivated-meat-lca-and-tea-policy-...
        
       | d_silin wrote:
       | Understand that you can't solve society-wide issues with
       | technology alone.
        
       | Syonyk wrote:
       | Buy a Raspberry Pi 4. Use it once a week as your main computer.
       | 
       | I'm serious. So much waste (power, e-waste, etc) is generated by
       | the never ending rush towards more and more computationally
       | complex computing that, for the most part, does what we did 5,
       | 10, 20 years ago but on a fraction the compute and a fraction the
       | power.
       | 
       | It drives me up the wall just how bloated most modern code is. A
       | "chat application" is now, often enough, an Electron app with a
       | couple hundred megabyte download size, a memory footprint in the
       | high hundreds of MB, and a CPU burn of "Well, it hasn't pegged
       | out the CPU yet so typing is still fast enough... oh, wait, there
       | it goes lagging." For passing around text messages that are no
       | different from what we used to do on AIM back in the 90s, or, for
       | that matter, still do on IRC today on native applications.
       | 
       | I've noticed a definite trend with web stuff in the past 5 years,
       | which is that it works great if you're on a high end workstation
       | with a 4k monitor or two and gobs of RAM - the sort of thing
       | companies tend to provide to web developers (Google, I'm looking
       | at _you_ ). Try to use the same stuff on lower power, older
       | hardware, and... well, it simply doesn't work.
       | 
       | I'm still pretty bitter about the fact that Google's "New"
       | Blogger interface is, quite literally, unusable on older hardware
       | once you have a decent number of photos in the post. I've no idea
       | why the speed of typing text is dependent on the number of images
       | in the post, but it is, and you can even bring a modern high end
       | machine to a crawl if you put enough images in (some larger-than-
       | reasonable number, but it shouldn't matter in the first place). A
       | couple people with high end workstations utterly ruined a
       | perfectly functional interface and made it impossible to write
       | text-and-photos blog posts on older hardware that used to work
       | just fine, for the sake of some responsive, mobile-first rubbish
       | - on a _blogging_ platform. It 's quite literally as far from
       | mobile-first as one can get, for the editor side.
       | 
       | Even the power efficient looking stuff we do often has a large
       | power budget on the backend (see "most phone applications that
       | talk to a bunch of cloud servers").
       | 
       | But if you can't run a basic task on a Pi 4, you _really_ need to
       | be reconsidering your approach to the problem.
       | 
       | ========
       | 
       | Beyond that particular thorn of mine, if you're in the tech
       | industry and concerned about climate change... does it show?
       | Could someone else looking at your life tell you're concerned
       | about climate change, or do you just look like any other high
       | income consumer, buying shiny luxury toys and jetting around the
       | world?
       | 
       | I'll suggest that "consuming our way out of problems largely
       | caused by overconsumption" isn't a strategy to actually _solve_
       | problems, though it 's quite profitable for those selling the
       | "green" solutions.
       | 
       | Edit: And while I'm at it, I'd just like to point out that
       | Starlink access terminals, at least the one I have, consume a
       | reliable 2+kWh/day, so about 750kWh/yr. Per Dishy. That's pretty
       | well absurd for an internet connection terminal alone.
        
       | x0054 wrote:
       | Stop using inefficient server side languages in the name of
       | "developer efficiently"? That could cut some CO2. AWS doesn't run
       | on magic dust.
        
         | heterodoxxed wrote:
         | The market doesn't reward those who optimize their code.
         | 
         | Fastest-to-market and slow beats second-to-market and optimized
         | every day of the week.
        
           | seb1204 wrote:
           | There is an awareness of power consumption of data centres.
           | Why not start marketing code to power consumption metrics?
           | What about fastest-to-market and above average code base =
           | marketing argument? Or even scientific paper?
           | 
           | I think here is is also important to look at smaller
           | companies and not only FAAG.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Some past threads:
       | 
       |  _Ask HN: What can a technologist do about climate change?_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25436237 - Dec 2020 (47
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _What can a technologist do about climate change? (2015)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23153043 - May 2020 (32
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _What Can a Technologist Do About Climate Change? (2015)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20520183 - July 2019 (12
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _What can a technologist do about climate change? (2015)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19259106 - Feb 2019 (46
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _What can a technologist do about climate change? (2015)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16505675 - March 2018 (10
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _What can a technologist do about climate change?_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10622615 - Nov 2015 (289
       | comments)
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | R&D for marine layer cloud brightening-- perhaps using engines to
       | loft salt water behind containerships could efficiently seed low
       | clouds at a massive scale.
        
       | GoodJokes wrote:
       | adapt to it. Don't enable others to exacerbate it.
        
       | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
       | Nothing. China emits more greenhouse gas than the entire
       | developed world combined, a new report has claimed. The research
       | by Rhodium Group says China emitted 27% of the world's greenhouse
       | gases in 2019. Any version of a "green new deal" changes nothing
       | globally until China and several other major polluting nations
       | join the fight.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | How would those gasses be attributed if you took the end users
         | of the products produced in China, and assigned the CO2
         | emissions to those nations instead?
         | 
         | If I buy a FizzWhizz Mk 3, which is produced in China (on coal
         | power), shipped (via container ship) to the United States, and
         | then trucked to me, where I use it for 5 years... is it really
         | fair to count those emissions as "Chinese" for tracking
         | purposes?
         | 
         | Yes, I agree they are emitted in China, but they're emitted in
         | China to serve demand in a totally different country with a
         | different end user.
         | 
         | Cleaning up your emissions by exporting the manufacturing to
         | another country (with far worse environmental standards)
         | doesn't seem like anything beyond a shell game.
        
           | lhorie wrote:
           | Literally doing nothing (as in, not buying anything) could
           | have an impact if enough people stopped spending
           | discretionary income on physical things. Problem, of course,
           | is nobody thinks they're part of the problem.
        
             | Syonyk wrote:
             | I know plenty of people who recognize they're part of the
             | problem, and they tend to buy rather radically less than
             | the average bear, and to buy things like "repair tools" so
             | they can fix stuff that would otherwise be sent off to the
             | dump. Or, at least, turn it into as many useful things as
             | possible.
             | 
             | I spent a rather long chunk of my life extracting the
             | residual value from otherwise broken or nearly-broken
             | things. I spent most of a decade driving cars that were
             | either literally rescued from the junkyard (to the
             | amusement and entertainment of the junkyard counter folks -
             | I thought they were nuts, they thought I was nuts, it was a
             | good arrangement) or intercepted on the way ("Hey, if
             | you're getting rid of that, give me a call first."
             | "Junkyard offered $125, beat it and it's yours." "I'll be
             | up in half an hour with $150."). The same goes for
             | repairing laptops, or obtaining a variety of broken laptops
             | and building serviceable ones out of it (plus selling
             | anything useful - the value of a broken laptop, parted out,
             | is further from $0 than I was willing to let anyone else
             | know at the time).
             | 
             | It's just that none of this is popular in the tech industry
             | for reasons I don't understand.
             | 
             | I worked at a tech company in the greater Seattle metro
             | region for a while, and I was quite literally the only
             | person in the office who was willing to dive into replacing
             | cell phone batteries, repairing laptops, buying and
             | refurbishing broken phones, etc. I didn't mind it - I made
             | rather good coin doing it - but it was bizarre to me that
             | in an office of several thousand people, I was literally
             | the only person I knew who was willing to take a soldering
             | iron to someone's laptop power jack to repair a failed
             | power connection.
        
           | belorn wrote:
           | The assumption used when you move the pollution to the end
           | user is that environmental regulations does not exist. An
           | product produced through coal power with little regard to the
           | environment is assumed to be cause the same emission if
           | produced where the end user is.
           | 
           | In order to calculate the actually virtual emission value of
           | the consumer, one would first have to convert the FizzWhizz
           | Mk 3 to the emission values as if a real factory in your
           | location produced it.
           | 
           | If we assume that people will always export the manufacturing
           | to the country with the worst environmental standards, having
           | any environmental standards above the worst is pointless and
           | have no impact on the environment. It also give little
           | incentives for countries with a lot of high export to reduce
           | emissions.
           | 
           | One could try to adjust this with tariffs that reflect the
           | environmental costs the manufacturing country, but right now
           | that is not a very popular concept.
        
           | quicklime wrote:
           | Agree. Some people have modeled this, and attributed
           | emissions back to household consumption:
           | 
           | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289373031_Environme.
           | ..
        
             | Syonyk wrote:
             | Thanks - that looks like an interesting read, but the
             | abstract reads roughly as I'd assumed: "The wealthier the
             | area, the more the impact."
             | 
             | I remain generally annoyed at people who go on and on about
             | how important stopping climate change is, _as long as
             | someone else does it._ That the most anyone could be
             | expected to do is vote some way or another, every 2 /4
             | years... that's a "I want to be seen caring about it but
             | don't actually care that much" sort of answer.
             | 
             | If you're earning tech money and car about climate change,
             | there are a lot of things you can do. They just involve
             | "not spending all your money on luxury toys and huge
             | houses."
        
             | fighterpilot wrote:
             | The only fair way is to attribute some to the purchaser and
             | some to the seller. Both parties have benefited from the
             | transaction and neither party has paid the associated
             | social cost.
        
         | rocknor wrote:
         | So? Consumption CO2 per capita is what really matters.
         | 
         | https://www.gapminder.org/tools/#$model$markers$line$data$fi...
        
           | b3n wrote:
           | Why is that what really matters? Having fewer children makes
           | a big difference which is invisible by this metric.
           | 
           | What _really_ matters is the negative impact on the
           | environment. If we half emissions per capita but 10x the
           | population size mother nature isn 't congratulating us.
        
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