[HN Gopher] DoorDash removing 1-year cliff for equity grants
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       DoorDash removing 1-year cliff for equity grants
        
       Author : matan_a
       Score  : 116 points
       Date   : 2021-07-07 20:29 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.doordash.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.doordash.com)
        
       | carkmorwin wrote:
       | Does DoorDash also grant RSUs based on fixed bonus amount and not
       | number of shares? It's hard to believe this would be pro-
       | employee.
       | 
       | https://www.teamblind.com/post/Lets-Boycott-Interviewing-at-...
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | I think it's common in the industry to see RSU grants shown as
         | say, "$50k" - but that's $50k in stock as of the grant time.
         | Once the grant is finalized, the value of the RSU grant grows
         | with the stock. ie, if the stock is $100, then it's the same as
         | 500 share grant.
         | 
         | This Blind post is saying that Instacart/Stripe says you only
         | get $50k no matter the price of stock? How would you even
         | structure that kind of grant? Why not just make it a bonus?
        
           | dabfiend19 wrote:
           | all of my friends at google say the grant is in dollars and
           | stays in dollars at google. at the end of the quarter you get
           | a variable number of shares based on current stock price.
           | While this reduces upside, it also reduces downside.
        
             | ericjang wrote:
             | Googler here. dabfiend19 is correct, around ~2019 I believe
             | new L3 hires were switched to this new grant schedule.
             | Prior to that, it was based on a fixed number of shares.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | z0r wrote:
             | you have misunderstood your friends, or your friends have
             | misunderstood their grants
        
             | potatolicious wrote:
             | I've been at Google fairly recently, that's not how it
             | works.
             | 
             | Your offer states that you will get $X of shares, vesting
             | over 4 years. The $X is converted to a number of shares
             | shortly after joining, based on market price, and is locked
             | in from that point forward.
             | 
             | Your friends are mistaken.
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | This is correct. I believe the share-price they pick is
               | something like the average daily share price for the next
               | full month after you join. So if you join Jan 28, the $$
               | value of your stock grant will be evaluated around March
               | 1 to determine your grant-price, and then you'll get your
               | first vested shares monthly (around the 25th, I think?).
               | 
               | I believe they used to due quarterly vesting for folks
               | who didn't get much equity, but now that you can have
               | vesting of fractional shares, ~everybody should be on a
               | monthly vesting schedule.
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | Wasn't true when I was (re-)hired a year ago. Grant is in
             | dollars, it's converted to shares based on the share price
             | when you start, and then you that fixed number of shares
             | divided by the number of vesting periods over the term of
             | the grant. The vesting period depends on how big the grant
             | is; low-level employees will likely vest quarterly,
             | mid/high-level monthly. No cliff; they removed it a couple
             | years ago.
        
             | Rebelgecko wrote:
             | Your friends might be getting mixed up with annual
             | refresher grants. Except for some rounding of fractional
             | shares, your initial grant will vest the same # of shares
             | every month for 48 months
        
           | dabfiend19 wrote:
           | I work at a smaller company, and here we convert the $ price
           | to a number of shares by taking the 100 day VWAP of the stock
           | from the date of the board meeting where your grant is
           | approved.
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | I had to google it...
             | 
             | VWAP == Volume Weighted Average Price
             | 
             | https://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/vwap.asp
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | I stand corrected, however, shares are fixed at time of
             | grant is my point.
        
             | flatiron wrote:
             | Either we work at the same place or that's very common.
             | 
             | When I joined I got a random email that said "your rsu $ to
             | shares conversion was X shares and here's your schedule"
             | and my schedule is all in # of shares not $
        
               | B-Con wrote:
               | This is very common. It's basically the point of paying
               | in RSUs and not in fixed dollars, to give employees
               | incentive to care about the company/stock performance.
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | Yes, but then they take that calculation to grant you a set
             | number of shares (ISOs, RSUs, etc.) that doesn't change.
             | The value of your award grows with the growth of the
             | company.
             | 
             | ESPP-like programs, on the other hand, are always dollar
             | denominated and exchanged at a set rate at the end of the
             | offering period.
        
           | xutopia wrote:
           | Because that 50k isn't necessarily exercised immediately and
           | means that you are potentially going to benefit from a rising
           | stock price.
        
         | bradlys wrote:
         | It's number of shares based on when you joined. It is the
         | original format as 1-yr cliff but now you just get your stock
         | faster.
        
       | almost_usual wrote:
       | I was expecting a catch with the equity grant period shortening
       | but it seems it's still four years? If so this is great for
       | employees.
        
       | shaohua wrote:
       | awesome
        
       | bww wrote:
       | > Because we see equity as part of total compensation, we believe
       | employees should receive equity as it's earned -- every quarter.
       | 
       | This reads to me like someone looked at the data and discovered
       | that almost everybody who stays employed for a quarter goes on to
       | stay for a year. So they decided to try to juice some marketing
       | value out of a policy change that makes no functional difference
       | to anyone.
       | 
       | Why else would they choose to have equity vest quarterly instead
       | of with each pay period? Or monthly, which is already typical
       | after the cliff? If you believe equity is part of total
       | compensation why does it need a different schedule at all?
        
       | novok wrote:
       | TBH I'd feel jittery working at door dash. COVID is going to end
       | completely soon and the boom in deliveries is going to drop with
       | it, probably along with their stock price. If was to go work
       | there, I could start selling every month.
       | 
       | But they also don't give you units of RSUs as stock comp, just
       | cash equivalents, so that is another major downside working
       | there.
        
         | ekzy wrote:
         | Covid might have created some habits in people, not sure the
         | deliveries are gonna drop that much
        
       | mupuff1234 wrote:
       | Have any of these food delivery companies actually reached
       | profitablity?
       | 
       | What's the endgame?
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | This does not, of course, include the people who actually do the
       | deliveries.
        
         | sergiotapia wrote:
         | of course, they are not employees
        
       | justaguy88 wrote:
       | This is great!
       | 
       | Allows bad-fits to leave asap rather than hanging around till 366
       | days
        
       | ram_rar wrote:
       | Depending on how you look at it. This is good for employees who
       | dont have to wait till the cliff. But on the other hand, if your
       | RSUs are based on a fixed amount (which I believe is the case for
       | all the new hires in DD) and not no of units, then you're missing
       | out on stock growth. Since the compensation is capping the upside
       | of stock.
       | 
       | Overall, this is not bad for a company that has already IPOed. I
       | hope the startups that are on the verge of the IPO dont use this
       | as a way to cap out giving RSUs to employees.
        
         | potatolicious wrote:
         | > if your RSUs are based on a fixed amount (which I believe is
         | the case for all the new hires in DD) and not no of units
         | 
         | That's quite surprising. Generally RSU comp is based on a
         | particular monetary amount, but converted to no. of units upon
         | issuance based on market prices (usually at/close to start
         | date). Is this not the case with DoorDash?
         | 
         | If that's the case that seems... awful? That's a cash bonus
         | with a downside.
        
           | jypepin wrote:
           | What I've seen is generally the conversion happens once for
           | the whole package, when you sign. So if the stock grows
           | during your vesting period, the value increases (goes both
           | way obviously).
           | 
           | I think here they are mentioning value based, which means
           | that instead of being given X amount of shares/rsu over 4
           | years, you're given "the equivalent of $X" at the begining of
           | each years. So after 1 year, of the stock doubled in price,
           | you will effectively receive half the amount of stocks (still
           | the same $ value tho).
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | That's typical, but I've heard of a move away from it, to a
             | plan where you get a set dollar amount every month(?) and
             | it's converted to employee shares at the market rate then.
             | Sounds like DoorDash just moved to it, and someone has
             | linked a Blind thread where apparently Stripe/Instacart
             | have, and I heard from a friend that Lyft just moved to
             | that as well.
             | 
             | I can see the importance of this from the company end -
             | with tech company shares skyrocketing, a fixed share amount
             | gives them potentially unlimited stock compensation
             | liabilities which could drag on earnings. But from an
             | employee perspective, it sucks. You get none of the upside
             | of company stock appreciation but all of the downside of
             | being forced to purchase company stock with a portion of
             | your compensation. You're much better off taking higher
             | cash compensation and using that to purchase the stock of
             | hot tech companies on the open market.
        
               | potatolicious wrote:
               | Agreed, this seems deeply negative for the employee. It's
               | not semantically different than just being paid a cash
               | bonus, except you are forced to buy company stock with
               | said cash bonus.
               | 
               | Which I suppose you can just immediately sell and get
               | back the cash - which begs the question of why not just
               | model this as cash bonus compensation entirely?
               | 
               | The entire attraction of equity is that it can appreciate
               | as it vests - that your (presumed) contribution to the
               | company's market cap during your tenure is rewarded.
        
               | pm90 wrote:
               | If I was looking at offers I would just not accept this
               | nonsense. Not only are you compensating employees less,
               | you remove the feeling of shared ownership that comes
               | with stock grants, which is a powerful motivator.
        
               | almost_usual wrote:
               | > That's typical, but I've heard of a move away from it,
               | to a plan where you get a set dollar amount every
               | month(?) and it's converted to employee shares at the
               | market rate then. Sounds like DoorDash just moved to it,
               | and someone has linked a Blind thread where apparently
               | Stripe/Instacart have, and I heard from a friend that
               | Lyft just moved to that as well.
               | 
               | Wow that sucks
        
             | potatolicious wrote:
             | Boy if that's true that's a real bummer. That's not very
             | different than just getting a cash bonus.
             | 
             | The entire point is to encourage people to stay by letting
             | their wealth grow with the company? A scheme like that
             | seems wildly counterproductive.
        
         | jahabrewer wrote:
         | > you're missing out on stock growth
         | 
         | Is that necessarily true?
        
           | ram_rar wrote:
           | yes, have been lucky enough to exit 2 IPOs including DD. When
           | there are hockey stick growths during pre-IPOs, you miss out
           | on a lot of $$ on the table.
        
         | m-ee wrote:
         | I don't see how this change would make that worse, could you
         | explain?
        
           | mulligan wrote:
           | it means you are vesting (and paying taxes) every quarter, so
           | you won't see growth on that pre-tax amount
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | darthvader101 wrote:
       | hope more companies adopt this practice
        
       | DebtDeflation wrote:
       | Not surprised. I'm probably a fair bit older than the average HN
       | reader (finished undergrad in 1995). This is the hottest job
       | market I've seen since the height of the dotcom bubble (mid 1999
       | to early 2000), and if it continues along it's current trajectory
       | it will pass that by year end.
        
         | marktangotango wrote:
         | > This is the hottest job market I've seen
         | 
         | Clearly this is anecdotal, but what types of things lead you to
         | this conclusion?
        
           | arnvald wrote:
           | I live in EU and there are a few things that have changed:
           | 
           | - tons of remote offers, even with technologies like Java
           | where in the past very few offers were remote
           | 
           | - salaries significantly up compared to 1-2y ago (getting
           | 90-100k eur for a remote position in EU was rare, now it's
           | not surprising to see such numbers)
           | 
           | - companies shorten interview processes, both in terms of
           | numbers of rounds but also the time the whole process takes.
           | In the past companies could reply to your application after a
           | week, now I saw a few cases where a week after applying they
           | send an offer
        
         | dpaleka wrote:
         | Is it really?
         | 
         | I'm graduating soon, but recruiters haven't started reaching
         | out yet. But in a normal year, I suppose they would:
         | 
         | https://danielpaleka.com/docs/cv-daniel-paleka.pdf
        
         | digianarchist wrote:
         | Browsing /r/cscareerquestions it looks like entry level folks
         | are having a hard time breaking into the industry. Employers
         | are mostly recruiting senior levels it seems.
        
           | milofeynman wrote:
           | I think this is a problem across the industry. Companies
           | don't want to give engineers adequate raises so they get
           | trained as juniors and walk out and get 20-30k raises. So
           | then everyone is only interested in seniors.
           | 
           | Senior has all but lost its meaning too... It describes how
           | long you've been in the industry, not if you have the skills
           | to be a technical leader, etc.
           | 
           | At larger corps when a senior leaves, you're often given
           | budget to re-hire a senior, so there is no incentive to hire
           | a junior/entry level. A lot of companies don't even have
           | pathways from internships to entry-level positions. They just
           | let them finish their internship and say "good luck"
           | 
           | This is a problem for diversity as well. Look at the makeup
           | of the seniors in the industry. Now look at the junior/entry
           | level folks coming out of master programs, colleges and boot
           | camps.
        
             | pm90 wrote:
             | I don't think it's a question of raises, more like they're
             | just not willing to invest the time.
             | 
             | Most non giant companies don't have good processes for on
             | boarding engineers so it's mostly yolo. They want engineers
             | to be productive very quickly. Someone just out of college
             | will likely not have the skills required to drive projects
             | on their own to completion without help/supervision.
             | 
             | Bigger companies have pretty great onboarding tools and
             | processes and dev tools that abstract most complex things
             | away, allowing developers to become productive rapidly. I
             | think of them as factories that can extract the most value
             | out of new grads.
             | 
             | I say this as someone who was a junior not that long ago,
             | but of course my experience is anecdotal so take it with a
             | pinch of salt.
        
               | mason55 wrote:
               | Yeah I always see this expressed as a criticism, like "oh
               | these small companies just hate junior devs! Everyone
               | wants to hire a senior dev, no one wants to hire a junior
               | dev and train them!"
               | 
               | But it's not always that easy. If you're a small company
               | still looking for product-market fit or doing a fair bit
               | of greenfield development, there's just not much work for
               | a junior dev to do. These companies aren't all stupid or
               | lazy or discriminating against new grads for some reason.
               | 
               | It's the same reason estimates are hard - we're building
               | brand new things that we've never built before and a lot
               | of the work is in the design. Junior devs need to be told
               | what to do. The architects/senior devs become a huge
               | bottleneck because they can only design so much stuff at
               | once, so until you can find more of them you can't hire
               | more junior devs because there's not going to be anything
               | for them to do. Until you get to a point where you're
               | doing repeatable work or your design/architecture is
               | solidified enough to keep people on the guard rails,
               | there's just not a ton of work for a junior dev to do.
               | 
               | Finally, you also have the issue that a lot of devs don't
               | want to get into any kind of management but they want to
               | be managed by technical people. You end up with a
               | shortage of decent managers (where "decent" means both
               | someone who's ok at the job of management and is
               | acceptable to the team).
               | 
               | If we had more work to give to junior devs we'd happily
               | hire them - they are so much cheaper!
               | 
               | And one other contributing factor is a lack of unions.
               | Say what you will about seniority-based comp/perks, they
               | do make people stay in one job for longer, which makes it
               | more worthwhile to invest in a junior dev.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | I know many new college grads who got offers from multiple
           | tier-1 and tier-2 silicon valley software companies in the
           | same range as what I got as a senior engineer with 8 years of
           | experience a few years ago. I'm talking base salary
           | $160K-$180K, $300K equity grant, 10% annual bonus, sign on
           | bonus, relocation...the works.
           | 
           | Not to say that everyone can simply walk in to these jobs
           | (and they shouldn't!), but if a graduating CS major cannot
           | find _any_ decent software job today I 'd be more inclined to
           | suspect their skills than the industry itself.
        
             | deregulateMed wrote:
             | Is it really "the works" if you have to move to SV?
             | 
             | I'm profiting 100k/yr in the Midwest, and it's a junior-ish
             | position.
             | 
             | Could be worse, could be Tesla 90k/yr revenue.
        
           | Alex3917 wrote:
           | > Employers are mostly recruiting senior levels it seems.
           | 
           | Because no one is going to hire a junior developer to work
           | remote. The job market isn't especially hot, it's just
           | temporarily distorted in a way that favors more experienced
           | developers.
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | Eh, even as someone with 1.8 years experience (at least I
             | still feel very junior) I get a steady flood of recruiters
             | and can easily get a pile of interviews.
             | 
             | I think it's that if you have zero experience, you are a
             | huge unknown. Anything more and work abounds.
        
           | MattGaiser wrote:
           | There are a surprising number of people who graduate CS/CE
           | without writing any meaningful amount of code.
           | 
           | To me a decent junior should be able to build a basic Hacker
           | News.
           | 
           | There are a lot out there who have never done so much as make
           | a web page with more than copy/pasted Jquery and expect to
           | get jobs.
        
             | deregulateMed wrote:
             | I've seen these people get a job in testing and never
             | leave... Or they move to a program management position.
             | 
             | On the flip side, self taught coders can do pretty much
             | anything with bad form. Although even at my job I find
             | myself doing things with bad form unless the task requires
             | it to be written well.
        
               | MattGaiser wrote:
               | This is one of my concerns about myself.
               | 
               | I have never really had the opportunity to work with
               | experienced developers for a long period of time (at
               | least not experienced with the work I was doing) so for
               | all I knew I am doing all sorts of things with bad form.
        
             | fridif wrote:
             | >"To me a decent junior should be able to build a basic
             | Hacker News"
             | 
             | In what time period? With what features? With what non
             | functional requirements? Show me a senior who can!
             | 
             | I have a better test for evaluating anyone's skills:
             | 
             | Write a function that puts Strings in an array. Then write
             | another function that goes searching for a string in an
             | array.
             | 
             | Write a unit test to confirm your code is working. Explain
             | what happens to the performance of our code if we can
             | guarantee our array is sorted.
             | 
             | If they can past this test, you're already better than most
             | candidates in my eyes, and it takes about 10 mins to find
             | out.
        
               | MattGaiser wrote:
               | I would be satisfied with anything approaching a forum,
               | with wide flexibility in specific features.
               | 
               | If you know enough about a web framework to get it going,
               | use it to complete a specific set of tasks, and get it
               | deployed with a database, it would put you ahead of a
               | heck of a lot of grads that I know.
               | 
               | I wasn't suggesting this as an interview question, but
               | more a self check for juniors. Can you actually bring
               | something end to end? Yours works better in an interview
               | setting, although it seems fairly trivial.
        
             | bogota wrote:
             | Yes unfortunately almost all US and likely other computer
             | science degrees are geared largely at making you a good
             | researcher. I was lucky in that i loved playing with some
             | home servers and with that led to figuring out how to build
             | my own software before finishing school. I think college
             | does a very bad job of preparing you for the real world use
             | such as most having people turn in zip files and not even
             | using git (maybe this has changed).
        
               | MattGaiser wrote:
               | I graduated two years ago. We learned subversion :)
        
           | dahfizz wrote:
           | I think there is a bit of a selection bias going on in that
           | subreddit.
           | 
           | I finished undergrad last May and had multiple offers to
           | choose from well before I even graduated. Maybe covid has
           | slowed hiring since, though.
        
             | antiterra wrote:
             | New grad jobs are often a completely different pool from
             | the rest of the roles, so that doesn't necessarily
             | conflict.
        
             | rejectedandsad wrote:
             | I only had 4 offers to choose from. It's a bimodal
             | distribution between the 200K+ 0YOE folks and everyone
             | else.
        
               | smabie wrote:
               | 4 is a lot
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | >> I only had 4 offers to choose from
               | 
               | I busted ass to get a single job; how is "only" 4 offers
               | not amazing?
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | Eh, I talk to a fair number of undergrads and I think it
             | has been tough this past year.
        
               | jshen wrote:
               | Something is off then. Are they in big cities? Do they
               | not know where/how to apply? We've had a hard time hiring
               | anyone, including entry level.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I mean, what sort of compensation are you offering?
               | 
               | Also - I'm talking about last year, not now.
               | 
               | But I am recently out of college and have not even passed
               | resume screen by a few companies despite referral,
               | credentials, etc.
        
               | jshen wrote:
               | We're not a big tech company, so comp isn't quite what it
               | is at Amazon, FB, etc. but, it's solid. 100k+ salary,
               | annual grant of restricted stock units, good health and
               | other benefits etc.
               | 
               | Having said that, there's a contradiction in claiming
               | that college grads can't find jobs while suggesting that
               | a company offering six figures can't find people because
               | of comp.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > while suggesting that a company offering six figures
               | can't find people because of comp.
               | 
               | Never said that - but if you had answered $50k, I
               | probably would have!
               | 
               | I'm surprised you are having trouble hiring people - but
               | perhaps if you are in the Bay and hiring new grads, they
               | might be surprised when it is in the low $100ks.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | Are you offering remote? That might be a big factor that
               | could influence things at this point in time.
        
               | bboylen wrote:
               | What city are you in, if I may ask?
        
               | jshen wrote:
               | We offices in several cities. LA, Seattle, and more.
        
               | akomtu wrote:
               | Have you adjusted your pay for inflation? The rent prices
               | have nearly doubled in ten years, so if you offer 100k
               | today, it's like offering 60k in 2011.
        
               | jshen wrote:
               | Starting salaries were around 75-80k ten years ago.
               | Again, there's a contradiction in the claim that college
               | grads in comp sci can't find jobs, and the suggestion you
               | are making.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | I suspect that is no more the case than it has always been.
           | While the overall job market demand might be very high now, I
           | doubt that the _proportions_ of demand for entry-level and
           | senior roles has changed significantly.
        
           | bboylen wrote:
           | As a self taught guy transitioning from chemical engineering,
           | I hope its not too hard. Starting my search in a couple
           | months
        
             | oehtXRwMkIs wrote:
             | Doing something similar, good luck. Can't tell if it's very
             | difficult or very easy.
        
               | bboylen wrote:
               | I don't think it is super easy. I think it is doable
               | though
        
             | deregulateMed wrote:
             | I did this.
             | 
             | Engineering was more rewarding than software, but software
             | pays better.
             | 
             | I do engineering in my personal projects now.
        
       | fallmonkey wrote:
       | With Google doing front loading(33/33/22/11) and other companies
       | also shifting away from conventional 25% per year vesting to make
       | first few years more attractive, they gotta catch up to stay
       | competitive. Uber recently did the same of removing cliff.
        
         | breck wrote:
         | Do you have a link for Uber dropping the cliff? I didn't know
         | they did that.
        
         | B-Con wrote:
         | Source on Google doing front loading?
        
           | thebean11 wrote:
           | I don't have a link, but seen this on Blind quite a bit
        
         | thebean11 wrote:
         | Ehh, aren't the front loaded grants smaller in total? I don't
         | see front loading as a good thing necessarily.
        
       | bentlegen wrote:
       | The article seems to intentionally obscure whether the previous
       | vesting period was quarterly or not.
       | 
       | My cynical read of this is that they are changing the vesting
       | schedule to quarterly (instead of monthly, which is more
       | typical), and burying the lede on that by painting this as a
       | benefit to employees (when it really only impacts new employees).
       | 
       | Does anyone know if this is true or not?
        
         | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
         | I've seen quarterly vesting much more often than monthly in
         | offers from several different companies over the years.
        
         | mynameisvlad wrote:
         | > instead of monthly, which is more typical
         | 
         | Is it? Almost all my and my friends' RSUs have been quarterly,
         | with a typically 1 year cliff as described in the article.
        
         | piercebot wrote:
         | Typically, there's a "cliff" after the first year, at which
         | point it switches to quarterly.
         | 
         | So you get nothing the first three quarters, but after quarter
         | 4 (your first year at the company), 25% of your 4-year grant is
         | immediately vested. Every quarter after that is another 6.25%
         | of your initial grant.
         | 
         | I believe the point they were trying to make in the article is
         | that, instead of quarterly grants following the pattern of:
         | [0%, 0%, 0%, 25%, 6.25%, 6.25%, ...]
         | 
         | It would instead follow the pattern:                   [6.25%,
         | 6.25%, 6.25%, 6.25%, 6.25%, ...]
         | 
         | ```
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | soheil wrote:
       | It looks like DoorDash just put up a big banner at their front
       | door saying if you want to stay less than a year and still get
       | paid highly apply here.
       | 
       | Wouldn't this move incentivize employees seeking short term
       | employment thus diluting stocks given out to existing long term
       | employees?
        
         | ralph84 wrote:
         | People who are only staying because of vesting tend not to be
         | the most productive. Better for everyone to have someone who's
         | not working out or doesn't want to be there leave after a
         | quarter instead of dragging it out for a year.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | The number of people looking for full-time jobs and intending
         | to only work for 3-9 months is way less than you think.
        
           | bradlys wrote:
           | People who find out the company is a bad fit. It is _very_
           | common within the valley for people to leave just after they
           | 're 1-yr vest because it was a bad fit. If you can get this
           | bad fit employee out faster, the better.
        
           | soheil wrote:
           | The world is a dynamic place. If you think this won't have a
           | large impact on the number of people job hopping not sure
           | what you think will.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | I think they do this to keep bad hires from sticking around
         | until the cliff.
         | 
         | It takes _a lot_ to fire someone legally - oftentimes you have
         | to document ~6 months of poor performance, put them on a PIP,
         | give them a chance to remediate, etc. Combine that with normal
         | long ramp-up times in a tech company, and by the time you know
         | it 's not working out and can fire them, they're pretty close
         | or past the 1 year vesting point anyway. It's much more
         | efficient if the employee decides to leave on the their own, if
         | they _know_ it 's a mutual bad fit.
         | 
         | This removes the incentive to stick around for the windfall -
         | if you're not enjoying your workplace, go leave and find a
         | better one, and you get paid fully for time served. It's a lot
         | like the buyout offers at places like Zappos or Coinbase,
         | designed to make sure that everyone is on-board with the
         | existing company culture.
        
           | soheil wrote:
           | I get the point about unhappy employees sticking around just
           | for their cliff to vest, but what about attracting a new
           | breed of employees looking for short term employment?
        
             | nostrademons wrote:
             | That's already a risk in tech, because wages are so high
             | but ramp-up times are pretty long.
             | 
             | They get weeded out relatively quickly and usually run out
             | of desirable employers, though. That's why employers are
             | skeptical of employees with multiple short-duration stints
             | or gaps on their resume.
        
               | soheil wrote:
               | So if they do get weeded out quickly then why would any
               | rational employee even care about not having a cliff when
               | looking for a new job to begin with?
               | 
               | This is simply increasing the risk of hiring short term
               | employees in addition to existing risks including the
               | high cost of ramp-up times.
        
         | skzrskzr wrote:
         | Facebook has had the same policy for a while and didn't run
         | into that problem. It's more about getting talent in the door
         | and keeping current with market.
        
       | adoxyz wrote:
       | Good, pro-employee move.
       | 
       | Next, I'd like to see pre-IPO startups offer longer periods to
       | exercise shares when you leave. 90 days being standard is way too
       | low.
        
         | tyingq wrote:
         | Seems like a pro employer move too. Less people hanging around
         | that have already decided to leave...just waiting on a vesting
         | cliff.
        
           | TechBro8615 wrote:
           | Or you get a bunch of ex employees you fired after three
           | months lingering around on the cap table (assuming you're not
           | a public company).
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | I totally agree with the above, and have commented on it many
         | times before, but note the 90 day standard is because that is
         | the maximum amount of time allowed for ISOs by the IRS. To
         | allow for conversion after that time (e.g. 5-10 years seems to
         | be what a lot of people are pushing for), the ISOs convert into
         | non-qualified options. Still worth it in my opinion. Even
         | better would be for the IRS to change the law (not sure if it's
         | a law or a reg), because with companies staying private so much
         | longer it's a different world.
        
           | borski wrote:
           | (Preface: IANAL)
           | 
           | Only worth it if you aren't early. ISOs provide preferential
           | tax treatment, and early on are usually very very cheap, so
           | many companies (mine included) also offer early exercise with
           | ISOs, which is an unbeatable tax win (afaik).
           | 
           | The issue occurs when options get expensive (aka the company
           | is doing well) and then you have to do the math between ISOs
           | or NSOs. The longer expiration _may_ be better, but certainly
           | not for every employee.
           | 
           | That said, as companies get bigger they stop being able to
           | offer as many ISOs (there is a max cap), so at that point
           | they should extend the timeline for expiration.
           | 
           | One thing companies do have to worry about though: a 10-year
           | expiration means your cap table is in flux for 10 years,
           | potentially, which makes calculations, acquisitions, etc,
           | tougher.
        
             | fishtoaster wrote:
             | Wouldn't that only be an issue if a company offers NSOs
             | _instead_ of ISOs? What I 've seen in the past is "here's
             | some ISOs, they automatically convert to NSOs 90 days after
             | you leave." That way you get all the benefits of an ISO
             | (tax on sale) while you work there, then all the benefits
             | of an NSO (doesn't disappear in a puff of smoke at day 90).
             | Seems like strictly a win, regardless of company phase.
        
           | jkaplowitz wrote:
           | Several startups have already amended their plans to allow
           | expanded post-termination exercise windows. The impression I
           | get, although I'm not a tax/legal/financial professional, is
           | that the options remain ISOs all the way through the first 90
           | days of the exercise window and only then convert to non-
           | qualified options.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | devoutsalsa wrote:
         | Is there any real incentive to offer more favorable terms to
         | employees that plan to leave?
        
           | pm90 wrote:
           | In this case they would be leaving with a smaller fraction of
           | their stock grant and would allow the company to hire someone
           | who would _want_ the job sooner. Seems like a win-win.
        
           | woah wrote:
           | Offering more favorable terms means being able to hire better
           | employees
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | > Next, I'd like to see pre-IPO startups offer longer periods
         | to exercise shares when you leave. 90 days being standard is
         | way too low.
         | 
         | It should be at least 365 days so that you can split it between
         | tax years.
         | 
         | I've still got options of a public company I need to "dispose"
         | of, and I don't want to do it all at once.
         | 
         | Perhaps until the options expire (typically 10 years) would be
         | too much to wish for, but that would be ideal.
        
         | alasdair_ wrote:
         | Niantic offers 10 years to exercise as an NSO and has done so
         | for almost six years now.
        
         | jkaplowitz wrote:
         | My employer (not yet reflected in my profile and I'm not
         | speaking for them here) made this change last year for every
         | employee with at least 2 years tenure. For such employees, the
         | post-termination exercise window equals the years of service up
         | to a maximum of 4 years. I've heard similar things at a handful
         | of other well-known tech startups.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | The 1 year cliff never really made sense...
       | 
       | It effectively gave the company a discount on employees who
       | stayed only 364 days - or to look at it another way, a 'trial
       | period' of 1 year where the pay was substantially less.
        
         | jdavis703 wrote:
         | It helps keep the cap table small. After more than 2000
         | shareholders the company must register with and report
         | information to the SEC. This is both a costly and time-
         | consuming process.
        
         | KallDrexx wrote:
         | Not only that, Door Dash might still have an effective 1 year
         | cliff anyway.
         | 
         | Usually signing bonuses have a 1 year paypack period. So sure,
         | you may get stock even if you leave before a year, but you
         | still have to pay back the signon bonus you received (and you
         | don't get the taxes you paid on the sign-on bonus back either)
        
         | RussianCow wrote:
         | Am I the only one that doesn't see that as unreasonable? It's
         | not like you aren't accruing equity during that time; you still
         | get the full year's worth of options at the 365 day mark. And
         | the ramp-up time with new engineers can be so long that the
         | first year isn't nearly as productive as consecutive ones.
         | 
         | A buddy of mine who worked at a giant company (not strictly
         | tech but you'd recognize it) said he heard from his boss that
         | the company effectively considers the first year of a software
         | engineer's employment a wash as far as cost/benefit. I can't
         | imagine they're the only ones. In that case, why would you
         | reward people who jump ship before your break-even point?
        
           | breck wrote:
           | I think the larger the company the longer it takes to ramp
           | up, but at a small startup you can have a big impact in month
           | one.
           | 
           | I've always found the one year cliff funny, since _investors_
           | don 't have a cliff.
           | 
           | I've been hoping startups would start doing this for a while,
           | and think DD is really a pioneer here and think this will
           | become a trend. I know personally I turned down a few
           | opportunities at promising startups simply because I was
           | young, in my twenties, and a year felt like a long time. I
           | found the probability of a life changing event that would
           | require me to move and leave a company too high, and didn't
           | want to bust my butt for 10 months with a salary cut, then
           | have to leave and get no equity. So I said "no" to a few
           | opportunities that otherwise would have been great.
           | 
           | Currently incentives first your first year are to focus on
           | not getting fired. Now it can be on making an impact.
        
             | RussianCow wrote:
             | > I know personally I turned down a few opportunities at
             | promising startups simply because I was young, in my
             | twenties, and a year felt like a long time. I found the
             | probability of a life changing event that would require me
             | to move and leave a company too high, and didn't want to
             | bust my butt for 10 months with a salary cut, then have to
             | leave and get no equity. So I said "no" to a few
             | opportunities that otherwise would have been great.
             | 
             | I'm curious: Did you try to negotiate? I have had luck
             | negotiating the terms of equity in the past, but I'm not
             | sure if my experience generalizes.
             | 
             | > Currently incentives first your first year are to focus
             | on not getting fired. Now it can be on making an impact.
             | 
             | If someone is so unmotivated at a job that they're not
             | making an impact, I don't know if removing the cliff would
             | help; they likely shouldn't have taken the job in the first
             | place. If you join a new place and realize that it's a poor
             | fit, it's usually best to cut your losses and move
             | elsewhere immediately, even if your equity hasn't vested.
             | The presence of a cliff doesn't significantly change that
             | math.
             | 
             | I agree about missing out on hires because of the cliff, I
             | just don't think it's that unreasonable to have one.
        
           | Beaver117 wrote:
           | Reward? They only join in the first place because of the
           | expected total compensation.
        
             | RussianCow wrote:
             | But it's not like the one year cliff is a hidden detail
             | that you don't find out until you join; employees have all
             | the information up front. If you choose to take the job
             | anyway, you know that your compensation will be lower if
             | you leave within the first 365 days, so if you still choose
             | to leave, that's on you.
        
           | pm90 wrote:
           | I think we need to consider each company separately.
           | 
           | Smaller firms may have smaller codebase and less complex
           | infrastructure and processes to get familiar with. Learning
           | all of that wouldn't take more than a week or a month, tops.
           | 
           | Larger, public companies like FAANGS will often have
           | completely custom stacks, specialized developer tools and a
           | ton of checks before anything you write hits production.
           | Learning to navigate this will take a lot longer. IIRC
           | Facebook has a bootcamp of several weeks (months?) just to
           | get new engineers familiar with their shit.
           | 
           | In either case, I personally don't think it's a "wash" since
           | even at the bigger company it's not like you're not doing
           | anything and once you get familiar with the stack you can be
           | productive af.
        
             | RussianCow wrote:
             | You're completely right--to be fair, the company I was
             | referring to is giant and likely has several months' worth
             | of things to learn, which is very different than joining a
             | startup. But even if a one-year cliff seems excessive for
             | most companies, I still don't think there's anything wrong
             | with a cliff of some sort. Maybe 6 months makes more sense
             | for a medium-sized company, but there's still a breakeven
             | point for new hires, and unless you're one of the first 5
             | or so employees, that point is probably somewhere between 3
             | and 9 months. I don't think it's unreasonable for companies
             | to want to pay less during that "trial" period; if you
             | don't like it, join a different company, or just hold out
             | until your equity vests.
        
         | hrpnk wrote:
         | A cliff forces one to consider decisions with a different time
         | horizon and tends to avoid short-term thinking (e.g. attempt to
         | tune financial results ahead of a certain quarterly report).
         | 
         | Sometimes, companies include in their annual reports the
         | conditions of employee shareholding plans. In Europe, for
         | management, plans with 1 year vesting and 1-3 years blocking
         | period is a practice. This means that you cannot exercise the
         | options until 2-4 years in. Further, all unexercised options
         | are forfeited if the employee moves to the competition within a
         | defined timeframe.
        
           | jkaplowitz wrote:
           | Having been fired once at the 10-month mark early in my
           | career, not for misconduct and not after any prior
           | performance warnings, the 1-year cliff can be heavily abused
           | by employers. Your argument assumes the employee has the
           | control over when they leave, which isn't always true.
           | 
           | (In actual fact I was then a pretty underperforming employee
           | who misunderstood the situation, but the apparent trigger for
           | me getting fired was my own request for help addressing the
           | situation since I realized something was wrong. The startup
           | founders were as early-career as me and didn't really know
           | how to give me the feedback I needed. My next employer did
           | give me the necessary constructive criticism, after which I
           | made the necessary changes, got subsequent positive feedback
           | from that same employer, and have been a decent to good
           | employee everywhere I've been since then.)
        
         | tengbretson wrote:
         | Depending on the amount/cost of onboarding it's very possible
         | that an employee that only stays for 364 days is a net drain on
         | resources.
        
       | khazhoux wrote:
       | LOL contrast this with Uber's offers in 2016:
       | 
       | Standard vesting schedule with 1-year cliff... but you would be
       | prevented from selling any stock grant for the first year after
       | it vests. Love it, thank you but no!
        
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