[HN Gopher] New Orleans levees passed their first major test
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       New Orleans levees passed their first major test
        
       Author : yread
       Score  : 68 points
       Date   : 2021-09-05 14:20 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nationalgeographic.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nationalgeographic.com)
        
       | selimthegrim wrote:
       | I'm not sure they were really tested what with the track to the
       | west.
        
       | ahnick wrote:
       | As the article rightly points out, levees will do nothing for a
       | slow moving hurricane like Harvey that dumps tons of rain or for
       | a large cat5 hurricane with storm level surges that are much
       | higher than Ida. The place is sinking while sea level rise is
       | already locked in with current levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.
       | The only solution is relocation, but nobody wants to hear that.
       | It is an inevitability that New Orleans will be uninhabitable.
       | The only question is when.
        
         | malkuth23 wrote:
         | That might be the only solution you can think of, but that does
         | not make it the only possibility. What you are really saying is
         | you don't think New Orleans is worth saving. New Orleans
         | infrastructure consists of far more than just levees. Our
         | pumping system is currently rated to remove 1 inch of rain the
         | first hour and 1/2 inch each additional hour. We can remove
         | this much rain with wooden screw pumps that still run on 25
         | cycle power. Upgrading or adding to the pumps in New Orleans to
         | handle more water makes far more sense than giving up on what I
         | believe is the most special city in America.
         | 
         | https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/new-orleans-wood-screw...
         | 
         | You say that nobody want to hear your hot take on abandoning
         | New Orleans, a city with one of the most important ports in the
         | country, yet I hear this proposed constantly (and upvoted) by
         | people that have almost no specialized knowledge of
         | infrastructure. It is armchair nihilism and imo not helpful at
         | all. The army corps of engineers thinks differently. Agencies
         | like the CPRA are working to restore land on the coast. There
         | are ways to mitigate the damage, to reduce the risk and protect
         | the city. Yes it is expensive. No it is not cheaper than losing
         | our ports, our people, our culture.
         | 
         | https://gnoinc.org/news/ports-of-south-louisiana-new-orleans...
         | 
         | Soon enough, if we don't invest in NOLA, you will likely be
         | right, but I doubt it will be because there was no other
         | option. It will be because we as a country made a huge mistake
         | and failed to act.
         | 
         | The truth is, a lot of America does not care about people or
         | cities in the south. New Orleans gets a bit more attention
         | because tourists had a good time on Bourbon once, but overall
         | it is treated as an oddity and not an essential piece of the
         | both the economic and cultural fabric of America. There are
         | people down here that feel the same way about California with
         | its earthquakes and wild fires and I make similar arguments
         | when arguing with them. Speaking of which, NYC fared far worse
         | against the remnants of a storm we took head on. Should we
         | abandon it or improve it? Hell no we should not give up on NYC,
         | nor SF with it's earthquakes, or LA with it's water shortages,
         | or Baltimore with its crime, or Detroit with its collapse of
         | industry and definitely not New Orleans.
        
           | ahnick wrote:
           | It's not the only solution I can think of, but it's the only
           | practical one. Sure you could build giant sea walls around
           | the area or bring in land and start literally raising all the
           | buildings above sea level (similar to what Chicago did in the
           | mid 1800s), but you are talking billions of dollars, maybe
           | hundreds of billions. Once you get into that situation it
           | just makes sense to move everything upstream and perhaps only
           | fortify key infrastructure like ports until even those pieces
           | have to be relocated.
           | 
           | The army corps of engineers is not given the option of not
           | trying to save New Orleans. People in government tell them to
           | go build levees and protect the city from flooding and they
           | do the best job that they can, but they are fighting a losing
           | war. The time to introduce relocation assistance programs is
           | now, so you spread the cost and process out over many years;
           | otherwise, you are going to just end up doing the same thing
           | later, but it will cost more money and more lives will have
           | been lost.
        
         | SmellTheGlove wrote:
         | How does New Orleans compare to the Netherlands in terms of
         | long term flood risk?
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | This is my fear as well. All of these coastal cities are at
         | risk for relocation, who's footing the bill for the government
         | to buy the houses, relocate the people, provide them new
         | houses, jobs, etc? There is a ton of self interest in keeping
         | people in places like New Orleans (and even growing the
         | population), but we need to accept the reality that these
         | places will be uninhabitable in the near future.
         | 
         | I already foresee a bunch of folks getting tons of money for
         | Hurricane Ida claims only to rebuild houses in the same exact
         | spot. We should encourage them to take the money and move away,
         | not stick around.
        
           | treeman79 wrote:
           | Government doesn't need to do a thing.
           | 
           | Assuming flood insurance prices are realistic (not propped up
           | by government), eventually no new construction will happen
           | because no one will approve/afford insurance.
           | 
           | Existing places will get cheaper / hell hole as rates keep
           | going up.
           | 
           | Federal flood insurance has distorted market prices
           | drastically in many places
        
           | MisterBastahrd wrote:
           | New Orleans and Port Fourchon are pretty vital to US economic
           | interests because of their ports.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | It's mostly river deltas that have this problem. A small sea
           | level rise reduces flow at the river outlet, causing flooding
           | out of proportion to the sea level rise.
           | 
           | The only big river delta in the US is the Mississippi. East
           | Asia has far worse problems. Most of China's port cities are
           | on river deltas. Tapei is on a river delta. Ho Chi Min City
           | is on a river delta. Singapore is on a river delta. These are
           | all areas where the land to water slope is very low.
           | 
           | The western US is mountainous enough that there's more than
           | enough land rise to prevent flooding more than a short
           | distance inland. Even in places that look flat, like LA near
           | Venice, go three blocks inland and you're tens of feet
           | higher. Places that built on fill, such as San Francisco and
           | Foster City, do exist, but are small enough for barriers and
           | not fed by upstream rivers.
        
           | bostonsre wrote:
           | I can't imagine flood insurance is very cheap in these
           | locations and I don't think this is an imminent domain type
           | situation where the government would buy houses. At some
           | point, people will be ruined financially and won't be able to
           | rebuild.
           | 
           | Other wealthier places may be able to use municipal bonds to
           | fight sea level rise. In the valley in Foster City, the
           | choice was between pricey flood insurance and a cheaper
           | municipal bond to construct a robust levee and the latter was
           | chosen. The city is small enough and the residents were
           | wealthy enough to do it.
           | 
           | I'm kind of curious if anyone will attempt to damn up or
           | construct locks under the golden gate bridge. I think the
           | valley could be wealthy enough to do it.
        
         | mcast wrote:
         | People said the same cynical comments about not being able to
         | build skyscrapers alongside the coast of New York City, which
         | would be impossible to excavate deep underground without
         | flooding the city. We should look into improving the
         | infrastructure and innovating our urban planning layouts to
         | better handle these natural disasters rather than just
         | abandoning them. Yes, hurricanes will continue to strengthen,
         | but improving building codes and adding more canals and
         | waterways for flood control can mitigate many of the deadly
         | problems. For what it's worth, New Orleans is a historic city
         | with a rich culture.
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | _> For what it 's worth, New Orleans is a historic city with
           | a rich culture._
           | 
           | Nobody wants to lose New Orleans. It's a great city. But the
           | problem is accurately summed up by the OP: "How much can
           | places where millions of people live be fortified? At what
           | cost? And who pays for it?"
           | 
           | The only good news is that the Port of South Louisiana is the
           | biggest and arguably most important port in the Western
           | Hemisphere (and that's without even taking into account the
           | Port of New Orleans or the Port of Baton Rouge, both in the
           | top 10). There is enormous nationwide economic and
           | geopolitical incentive to protect the city. The bad news is
           | that New Orleans would be sinking even without rising sea
           | levels.
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | The article fails to point out that New Orleans' drainage
         | system is actually better than Houston's.
        
           | MR4D wrote:
           | I live in Houston and can attest to that being ridiculously
           | true. This is completely due to government incompetence
           | (mostly local, not state or federal). The lack of remediation
           | after Harvey is just sad. So many missed opportunities. Bill
           | White was the last major who did anything about it, and he
           | took a long term view that his successors have basically
           | ignored.
        
           | dangerbird2 wrote:
           | Moving ungodly volumes of rainwater away from homes and out
           | of the streets is one of the few things New Orleans'
           | infrastructure does _really_ well. I remember times when I 'd
           | be walking down the sidewalk through knee-deep water to get
           | to class, and on my way back 45 minutes later it's basically
           | all gone. A Harvey-level rainstorm would certainly cause
           | damage, but NOLA would probably handle it better than any
           | major city in the country.
        
             | malkuth23 wrote:
             | Our pumps are so old many are still using wooden screws and
             | run on 25 cycle power. Think how much water we could pull
             | out if the system was upgraded? New Orleans is more
             | prepared to survive than any other city with a few hundred
             | miles of it, including mega cities like Houston.
        
           | MisterBastahrd wrote:
           | Vastly better than Houston's. Not even remotely comparable.
           | The same rainfall amount that would put Houston under water
           | would have a few streets and underpasses rendered impassible
           | for a few hours in New Orleans and the surrounding areas. My
           | hometown was on the east side near the eyewall when the storm
           | stalled over them for a few hours. Tons of wind damage,
           | virtually zero flooding aside from parking lots and one levee
           | that was damaged from the storm surge.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | Do you think the surge in your hometown was high enough the
             | old levees wouldn't have handled it?
        
               | MisterBastahrd wrote:
               | Those are the old levees. They didn't even approve the
               | new levee system for that area until this year.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | In some ways, levees make it worse by damaging the delta, which
         | ultimately protects the city.
        
           | MisterBastahrd wrote:
           | Nope. Different levee system. The system that harms the delta
           | is the one that keeps the Mississippi from cutting a path
           | wherever it wants. This other one is a system that simply
           | protects populations from storm surge.
        
         | reddog wrote:
         | >New Orleans will be uninhabitable. The only question is when.
         | 
         | A very, very long time from now. According to the IPCC Sixth
         | Assessment Report sea levels are projected to rise between .57
         | and 1.25 meters by 2120. So unless you have waves currently
         | lapping against your back porch you, your kids, your grandkids
         | and your great-grandkids will be OK in NO.
         | 
         | For context, sea levels have risen about .3 meters over the
         | last hundred years and we have adapted without city evacuation
         | and relocation.
         | 
         | https://sealevel.nasa.gov/ipcc-ar6-sea-level-projection-tool
        
           | ahnick wrote:
           | The midway point in the sea level tool you linked is actually
           | 1.41m by 2100. That's 4.6 feet of sea level rise by the end
           | of the century and this is based on our current models where
           | we are continuously discovering more and more positive
           | feedback mechanisms that is accelerating sea level rise.
           | (https://www.science.org/news/2020/11/seas-are-rising-
           | faster-...) Now those levee walls that were originally 13
           | feet high are now less than 9 feet from the water and no
           | longer really capable of doing the job they were designed
           | for. So we better build bigger walls to keep all the water
           | out, so let's go back and spend billions and billions more to
           | have bigger walls, which by the way encourages more and more
           | people to move into flood prone areas. Then you really set
           | things up for a black swan event where something unexpected
           | causes a levee failure (b/c that's never happened before) and
           | then a bunch of people die.
           | 
           | So maybe you and your kids MIGHT be okay, but your grandkids
           | and your great-grandkids? probably not.
        
             | reddog wrote:
             | >The midway point in the sea level tool you linked is
             | actually 1.41m by 2100.
             | 
             | No. Not sure where 1.41m is coming from. Take a closer look
             | at the linked NASA site. You will need to click on the link
             | labled "View global projection" (sorry, there isn't a
             | direct link). You will see a graph labeled "Projected Sea-
             | Level Rise Under Different SSP Scenarios". The midpoint
             | highest rise of all seven of the scenarios for 2100 is just
             | .88 meters and that's for the most pessimistic SSP5-8.5
             | _Low_ _Confidence_ scenario. The more likely scenarios are
             | about 1-2 feet.
             | 
             | Your great-grandkids will be fine.
        
               | nknezek wrote:
               | 1.41m by 2100 is the projection for "Grand Isle", the
               | closest location in the model to New Orleans. Sea level
               | and sea level rise is not uniform worldwide, so local
               | predictions are very important. This is also true for
               | temperature and other climate change impacts, and is one
               | of the biggest improvements in the latest IPCC report.
               | 
               | It looks like all model scenarios agree fairly well out
               | to 2100 both in the global projections and in projections
               | for Grand Isle. Thus, I'd wager good money that New
               | Orleans will see 1-2m sea level rise by 2100 regardless
               | of any climate mitigations we perform.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Grand Isle (which Ida did a number on) is well south of
               | NOLA in Jefferson Parish, and not part of the metro area.
               | It exists for fishing and tourism.
        
         | Muromec wrote:
         | >The place is sinking while sea level rise is already locked in
         | with current levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.
         | 
         | Biggest airport in The Netherlands is 3 meters below the sea
         | level, but at least we don't have hurricanes here, just North
         | Sea
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_Airport_Schiphol
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | Europe is generally protected from hurricanes due to how far
           | north everything is, but as the north Atlantic warms tropical
           | storms will become more frequent, potentially graduating into
           | legitimate hurricanes every once in a while.
        
         | beerandt wrote:
         | This is alarmist BS.
         | 
         | I worked on the surveys and cors equipment that directly
         | measures subsidence in Louisiana, and have worked on many of
         | the levees and other coastal civil works.
         | 
         | Relocation? For a problem that hasn't happened yet and isn't
         | likely to happen in the foreseeable future is absurd.
         | 
         | New York City is at a much greater risk and will be inundated
         | long before New Orleans.
         | 
         | The fastest rate of subsidence in New Orleans is/was due to
         | organics in the soil decomposing once the groundwater table was
         | lowered (drainage projects going back 300 yrs), allowing oxygen
         | to infiltrate. This decomposition is mostly complete in most
         | areas of the city.
         | 
         | Piles under everything from skyscrapers to personal homes
         | penetrates the organic layers, so buildings don't subside even
         | if the ground does.
         | 
         | The biggest risk to the city and state is environmental
         | activists, the EPA & the Army Corps of Engineers, and the
         | largely untouchable Mississippi River levee system, preventing
         | the delta land building process that counteracts subsidence by
         | depositing new sediment in yearly floods.
         | 
         | Additionally, erosion/ runoff prevention and dams through out
         | the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio river watersheds have
         | decreased the amount of sediment flowing down river, and
         | results in less sediment available for natural land building.
         | 
         | The coastal barrier marshes and islands are dying because we've
         | stopped the natural processes that sustain them. Each mile of
         | marsh results in the natural lowering of storm surge by 1/2' to
         | 2'.
         | 
         | The federal government, environmental groups and others fight
         | the restoration of these natural processes. For example, they
         | argue fresh water introduction will hurt dolphin populations in
         | coastal bays, but they are only capable of being there in the
         | first place because of man made interference: the bays were
         | freshwater until the levees cut off their natural supply of
         | freshwater.
         | 
         | As for global warming? Infrastructure, business and homes are
         | amortized at 30yrs or less. Maybe up to 50yrs for very large
         | civil projects.
         | 
         | Worst case sea level rise estimates easily gives New Orleans
         | 300+ more yrs, likely much longer, a time frame longer than the
         | current age of the city.
        
           | pfisch wrote:
           | It is and it isn't. His scenario won't happen but what will
           | happen is fairly similar.
           | 
           | No one is going to make large capital investments in a city
           | that gets blown away all the time. Every time New Orleans
           | takes a big hit like this people leave, and less money is put
           | back into the city.
           | 
           | The population of New Orleans was higher in 1980 than it is
           | now. I am from New Orleans, and since Katrina the
           | infrastructure has been getting worse, not better.
           | 
           | There probably isn't going to be some big dramatic event that
           | kills New Orleans. It will just keep shrinking and pulling in
           | towards the French Quarter as it gets hit repeatedly by
           | extreme weather events. It will just become smaller and more
           | impoverished over time until it is maybe abandoned at some
           | distant point in the future.
           | 
           | It will be a death by inches.
        
             | beerandt wrote:
             | Cities across the country will die much sooner from
             | economic and political reasons than New Orleans will die
             | from subsidence. (Although New Orleans is likely included
             | in that first set as well, based on current leadership.)
             | 
             | But we don't discourage economic development in those
             | places. My amortization comment was perhaps not explicit
             | enough, but as long as people think the city will last
             | beyond amortization periods, future
             | abandonment/inundation/end-of-days predictions are not a
             | rational reason to preclude investment.
             | 
             | Most businesses shoot for a payback period of 10 years or
             | less.
             | 
             | I expect you're right about slow death, but it won't be for
             | climatic or geologic or hydraulic reasons.
             | 
             |  _Fear_ of those reasons might contribute, but then we 've
             | gone full circle back to "alarmist BS".
        
               | pfisch wrote:
               | You're being unrealistic about the reality of living in
               | New Orleans and the level of capital investment in New
               | Orleans vs Baton Rouge or other cities that aren't under
               | constant threat of destruction.
               | 
               | People just aren't going to come in and build nice
               | shopping centers in New Orleans. It isn't happening and
               | hasn't happened. Why would it when they could build in
               | another city where it won't get destroyed and it will be
               | more profitable?
               | 
               | It is extremely stressful every year watching hurricanes
               | and wondering if your house is going to be destroyed.
               | Then when your house is destroyed it is no fun at all to
               | be involved in gutting it and rebuilding it. On top of
               | that no one is making investments in the city so it
               | hardly has any good jobs.
               | 
               | It isn't alarmist to recognize what is already happening.
               | The climate is creating more extreme weather events that
               | are undermining New Orleans. It doesn't need to be some
               | fake "The Day After Tomorrow" style disaster that people
               | can easily recognize. It is an insidious, slow, hollowing
               | out of the city.
               | 
               | How many water boil warnings have their been since
               | Katrina? How often has electricity been inconsistent in
               | the city? I can tell you it happens a lot more now than
               | it did before Katrina, and it is going to be even worse
               | after Ida.
        
               | beerandt wrote:
               | Climate isn't the problem with any of those issues,
               | politics is.
               | 
               | It's not fear of flooding that prevents anyone from
               | investing in, eg New Orleans East. It's two decades of
               | zero policing.
               | 
               | And there's a reason Entergy continues to operate as a
               | completely separate corporate entity in the city, and
               | it's not because "used to be nopsi".
               | 
               | The water guys can't even operate a billing system, let
               | alone engineer the distribution network. They ran through
               | probably a dozen companies post- Katrina just to do an
               | assessment and map and maintenance plans, and they all
               | quit for having to deal with the city.
               | 
               | That's why they can't keep the water on. But an
               | unnecessary new airport? They had no problem throwing a
               | billion dollars at contractors for that.
               | 
               | If people were afraid of sea level rising, they wouldn't
               | just be moving into another swamp/marsh outside of city
               | limits or across the lake. People don't want to live at
               | sea level without a levee on the North Shore, they just
               | don't want to live in New Orleans, despite the +20ft msl
               | and up levees.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | How many homes were destroyed and will need to be rebuilt
               | due to ida?
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | People are perfectly happy to come and drop hundreds of
               | millions on developing apartment complexes in the CBD for
               | some reason, so why not shopping centers? The good jobs
               | bit I agree with, I am about to leave Tulane with a PhD
               | and barring some remote offers from Houston I can't find
               | a means, motive or opportunity to stay here as much as I
               | enjoy it.
        
               | beerandt wrote:
               | Still gonna argue that's more politics than fear of
               | flooding.
        
           | lostandbored wrote:
           | Honestly, that is a great a reply.
           | 
           | I especially agree that some dams on the Mississippi need to
           | destroyed and have agriculture be moved away from the river,
           | as the dead zone in Gulf of Mexico is caused by upstream
           | agriculture states.
        
           | ahnick wrote:
           | 300+ years? And the biggest risk to the city is environmental
           | activists and the EPA? You must be joking.
           | 
           | The biggest risk is the fact that according to our best
           | estimates by 2050 sea level rise will be another 1.5 feet in
           | that area. (https://sealevel.nasa.gov/ipcc-ar6-sea-level-
           | projection-tool) For an area that is already on average 7
           | feet below sea level. New Orleans topography is basically a
           | bowl between Lake Pontchartrain and the Gulf of Mexico.
           | Couple that with stronger and more frequent hurricanes and
           | there will be few places left to live in New Orleans and the
           | surrounding area.
           | 
           | People who give other people a false sense of hope is what
           | endangers lives and sets up future generations for
           | devastation. If you really want to help people you need to
           | break the cycle and subsidize relocation costs for those who
           | currently live there that can't afford to move. All these
           | mitigation efforts like restoring the natural coastal
           | barriers may delay some flooding (so sure do it), but it will
           | not prevent the inevitable and it is coming much sooner than
           | 300+ years.
        
             | beerandt wrote:
             | >For an area that is already on average 7 feet below sea
             | level.
             | 
             | There are areas as low as -22' msl. Maybe -25'.
             | 
             | But that's irrelevant, because the edge of the bowl and
             | protection is at a minimum elevation ~+20' msl and up,
             | depending on adjustments for things like modeled wave
             | height.
             | 
             | Whereas New York's _highest_ protection is currently
             | something like +8 ', and isn't a closed loop.
             | 
             | And what's the elevation of the deepest basement/ subway/
             | tunnel in NYC? Because I bet it's a lot lower than -22' or
             | -25' msl.
        
           | goatsi wrote:
           | How is sediment deposition supposed to counteract the
           | subsidence of land that has anything built on it?
        
             | beerandt wrote:
             | Outside of levee protections, structures are all on piles
             | above the flood elevation, so floods literally go under the
             | house.
             | 
             | Inside levee protections, as the system currently exists,
             | it doesn't, so houses have to have sand pumped under them
             | occasionally to fill gaps left by subsidence.
             | 
             | The house is on piles, so it remains in place.
        
           | eloff wrote:
           | > Worst case sea level rise estimates easily gives New
           | Orleans 300+ more yrs, likely much longer, a time frame
           | longer than the current age of the city.
           | 
           | Your argument depends on this but you give neither numbers
           | nor citations, so it's unsubstantiated and we have no idea
           | how true it is. Numbers I've seen, that are bad, but not
           | worst case are 6' by the end of the century and 20'-60' over
           | longer timescales. I seriously doubt New Orleans will be just
           | fine through that. Many coastal cities will have to move.
           | It's not practical to wall in all of the coast to that
           | extent. Many cities would end up being islands.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | > Your argument depends on this but you give neither
             | numbers nor citations, so it's unsubstantiated and we have
             | no idea how true it is.
             | 
             | Unsubstantiated _on this thread._ I mean, you can look it
             | up and find out if it 's true yourself. It's also weird
             | that you follow it up with numbers of your own, but also no
             | references, so you must think that's alright to do.
        
               | eloff wrote:
               | You also don't know how substantiated my claims are, but
               | at least with numbers you could look it up. Parent
               | provided only an argument from authority. There is no
               | easy way to falsify it. You'd have to do all the research
               | from scratch.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | >Piles under everything from skyscrapers to personal homes
           | penetrates the organic layers, so buildings don't subside
           | even if the ground does.
           | 
           | The sinking building in SF would like to differ with this. If
           | a building is not built correctly, all bets are off.
        
             | beerandt wrote:
             | The problem in San Francisco is entirely different. It's on
             | poorly designed building. Even if every building in San
             | Francisco had that problem, it still wouldn't be relevant.
             | 
             | The problem strata in New Orleans is the top 10-20' of
             | soil. Mostly whatever's above the pumped-down, controlled,
             | water table.
             | 
             | Piles only need to go that deep to suffice, or more
             | typically until they hit the first layer of sand, which is
             | stable. Literally every slab house built in New Orleans is
             | built in these, because before this, everything was on
             | blocks so it could constantly be raised and leveled.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >or more typically until they hit the first layer of
               | sand, which is stable.
               | 
               | I think this is the first time I have ever seen someone
               | claim that a layer of sand is stable. But hey, NOLA is
               | one of the craziest places, so sure, sand is stable
               | there.
        
             | cronix wrote:
             | Yes, AFAIK the piles didn't go all the way down to solid
             | bedrock and San Francisco is basically built on a garbage
             | dump covered over from previous devastating earth quakes,
             | basically. They were improperly installed and if they had
             | been the building would likely be fine. So, you're both
             | right.
        
               | bitbckt wrote:
               | That area of the city is built on infill, but that is by
               | no means true of most of the city's area.
        
         | nickthemagicman wrote:
         | Nola has the most shipping tonnage of any port in the
         | hemisphere.
         | 
         | There's many billions of dollars of port and plant
         | infrastructure there.
         | 
         | Its way cheaper and easier just to rebuild the city every few
         | years and pay to buffer it against disaster than to relocate
         | all of that.
         | 
         | Just like it's easier to keep a legacy code base that's working
         | and making money than fully rebuild it.
         | 
         | Nola's not going anywhere anytime soon.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | I mean, the food isn't _that_ much worse in Morgan City long
           | term.
        
             | nickthemagicman wrote:
             | I bet there's amazing food there.
             | 
             | They just don't have the Alcoholism.
             | 
             | Also, if the Old River control system ever fails Morgan
             | City will be the next New Orleans.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_River_Control_Structure
        
           | justinator wrote:
           | You're right! There's too much money invested - and to be
           | made! People will just have to suffer. Let's keep our focus
           | on what's important.
        
             | nickthemagicman wrote:
             | I think most people there would rather the rich chaos of
             | New Orleans than the cultural blandness of the rest of the
             | country.
             | 
             | "America has only three cities: New York, San Francisco,
             | and New Orleans. Everywhere else is Cleveland" - Tennessee
             | Williams
             | 
             | Am currently evacuated from Ida, and drove all the way to
             | Kentucky from Nola and from what I'm seeing so far, can
             | confirm that quote is depressingly accurate.
             | 
             | Why does the rest of the country look like one giant strip
             | mall from coast to coast? What happened to America?
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Am in DC, but I toast you with an imaginary glass of
               | Early Times.
        
               | justinator wrote:
               | Yeah, that was sarcasm. Also eat orphans.
        
               | nickthemagicman wrote:
               | In New Orleans they would throw anything in a frier.
               | 
               | Have a fried Orphan and catfish basket.
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | Well going by Hurricane Ida, New Jersey will have to relocate
         | themselves before New Orleans, but not before they build a
         | seawall under the Verrazzano bridge. To describe the
         | destruction of a city as "inevitable" is just admitting you
         | don't want to spend the billions of dollars necessary to
         | protect it.
        
       | Exmoor wrote:
       | Somewhat incredibly, Ida killed _far more_ people as a weakened
       | tropical storm in the northeast after crossing the entire US than
       | it did as a Cat4 /5 hurricane on the gulf coast.
       | 
       | From Wikipedia:
       | 
       | > As of September 4, a total of 70 deaths have been confirmed in
       | relation to Ida: 27 in New Jersey, 18 in New York, 13 in
       | Louisiana, 5 in Pennsylvania, 2 in Mississippi, 2 in Alabama, 1
       | in Maryland, 1 in Virginia, and 1 in Connecticut.
        
         | beerandt wrote:
         | News coverage is really dropping the ball on this one. It might
         | not have the optics of Katrina, but it was a far more powerful,
         | even if smaller, storm.
         | 
         | Eg: New Orleans, Baton Rouge, and SE LA power outage maps
         | [0][1][2]
         | 
         | Based on the damage in south Louisiana, it's a miracle there
         | weren't far far more deaths.
         | 
         | The damage to Port Fourchon alone should be national news.
         | Anywhere from 10~30% of the countries oil flows through there,
         | depending on how you measured it. And it got a direct hit.
         | 
         | The gas pipeline fiasco from a few months back? All the
         | refineries feeding it were shut down for over a week. Wait till
         | that lag period catches up.
         | 
         | But for reasons that be, MSM decided this was a non-event until
         | it got to NYC, and even then a relatively minor one. Hard to
         | believe they're not downplaying this on purpose.
         | 
         | [0]https://i.imgur.com/MT1z0n5.jpg
         | 
         | [1]https://i.imgur.com/HpKJlS4.jpg
         | 
         | [2]https://i.imgur.com/618PI36.jpg
        
         | datameta wrote:
         | I'm in NYC. Besides walking my dog briefly in the heavy rain
         | twice I wasn't even aware of Ida until the clear morning after
         | someone showed me flooded subway photos looking like from the
         | end of MGS2. I'm not sure it was communicated properly save for
         | the flash flooding broadcast that could have also come from
         | just a lesser heavy thunderstorm.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | From what I read, that was the very first time the NWS had
           | every issued a Flash Flood warning for NYC. Seems like that
           | might have earned it a little more attention.
           | 
           | This reminds me of the people complaining about how
           | destructive the floods in Houston were after Harvey.
           | Nevermind that the forecasts for days leading up to it were
           | 40" of rain. What part of 40" of rain sounds like no big
           | deal?
        
             | beerandt wrote:
             | If you've never had to deal with it, you don't comprehend
             | the danger.
             | 
             | I know workers that moved to New Orleans after Katrina to
             | do the actual post storm cleanup, first hand, and didn't
             | evacuate for Ida, knowing it was a more powerful storm.
             | 
             | Some of them had their entire roof(s) blown off and had
             | 100' pine trees fall through their house while they were
             | home, riding it out.
             | 
             | Even seeing the post storm damage doesn't convey the actual
             | danger _during_ these weather events.
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | >"If you've never had to deal with it, you don't
               | comprehend the danger."
               | 
               | I don't believe you need to experience something first
               | hand in order to comprehend the danger. I've never
               | visited an active conflict zone but I fully comprehend
               | the danger of traveling to one for a holiday. Conversely
               | I have friends in New Orleans who didn't evacuate for
               | Katrina who also didn't evacuate for Ida. They obviously
               | comprehended the danger very well. There will always be
               | people who are stubborn, careless or possibly just have a
               | much higher risk profile regardless of their personal
               | history.
               | 
               | It's also odd to think that people wouldn't understand
               | the danger of flash floods given that in the last 5 weeks
               | alone we have seen the flash floods in Henan Province
               | China as well as the flash flooding in Eastern Germany.
               | These two flash flood events were major international
               | news stories and you would be hard pressed to not have
               | seen those images.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > I've never visited an active conflict zone but I fully
               | comprehend the danger of traveling to one for a holiday.
               | 
               | Do you, really? Without even knowing which conflict zone,
               | or doing any research? All areas of violence have had and
               | will have a similar danger level?
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | >"Do you, really? Without even knowing which conflict
               | zone, or doing any research?"
               | 
               | Where did that even come from? I neither stated or even
               | implied any of that. I haven't visited an active conflict
               | zone precisely because I did research. It's somewhat
               | bizarre you would make those assumptions when you know
               | nothing about me.
        
           | bogomipz wrote:
           | >"I'm not sure it was communicated properly save for the
           | flash flooding broadcast that could have also come from just
           | a lesser heavy thunderstorm."
           | 
           | The National Weather Service Service issued it's first ever
           | "flash flood emergency" for NYC on Wednesday.[1] It's not
           | like these are common for the region.
           | 
           | Alerts went out to cell phones in NJ and NY at 8:41PM EDT
           | with 3 more alerts following. Why would it matter whether a
           | flash flood emergency accompanies a heavy thunderstorm vs
           | tropical storm? It's still the same potentially life-
           | threatening and catastrophic event.
           | 
           | [1] https://twitter.com/NWSNewYorkNY/status/14332773220486635
           | 54/...
        
             | ijidak wrote:
             | It's never clear to me what to do with a flash flood
             | warning.
             | 
             | Do I stay indoors? Do I move to higher ground?
             | 
             | It can be a little vague as far as what should I do given
             | my exact location.
             | 
             | I guess it's up to each individual to research those things
             | beforehand...
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | I believe the warning alerts advise not to travel unless
               | fleeing flooding and the flash flood emergency alerts
               | specifically state "move immediately to higher ground"
               | and "don't walk or drive through flood areas."
               | 
               | One criticism I've read a few times in the past week has
               | been suggesting that people may have had alert fatigue.
               | While it is true that things like the Weather Channel
               | have contributed a lot of noise(naming winter storms for
               | instance.) Additionally there were 4 separate alerts that
               | went out the night of the flooding. And of course things
               | like Amber alerts and similar seem to be commonplace now
               | so there may be some truth to that. The irony however is
               | that as a society we seem increasingly more fixated on
               | our screens and don't mind the endless text messages and
               | social media and app notifications yet somehow
               | potentially life-saving alerts would be the source of
               | fatigue.
        
         | dnautics wrote:
         | People forget that "superstorm sandy" wasn't even a hurricane,
         | iirc it was a "tropical depression" by the time it got to nyc
        
           | beerandt wrote:
           | If you don't go through it, it must not be that bad.
           | 
           | If you do go through it, it was worse than the category/
           | windspeed/ storm surge numbers convey.
           | 
           | "You just had to be there! It was way worse than just a
           | tropical depression!"
           | 
           | It was the media experiencing this phenomenon that gave birth
           | to the hyperbolic term "Superstorm Sandy".
           | 
           | Anyone who's actually been through a hurricane saw through it
           | right away.
        
       | selimthegrim wrote:
       | In other interviews the engineers claim the levees were built to
       | a 200-year level, and that a 100-year level would not have been
       | sufficient for Ida.
        
         | Filligree wrote:
         | If we get 100-year storms every five years, then is that really
         | the correct description?
        
           | throwawaysea wrote:
           | From the USGS page on 100 year floods
           | (https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-
           | school/scie...):
           | 
           | > The term "100-year flood" is used in an attempt to simplify
           | the definition of a flood that statistically has a 1-percent
           | chance of occurring in any given year. Likewise, the term
           | "100-year storm" is used to define a rainfall event that
           | statistically has this same 1-percent chance of occurring. In
           | other words, over the course of 1 million years, these events
           | would be expected to occur 10,000 times. But, just because it
           | rained 10 inches in one day last year doesn't mean it can't
           | rain 10 inches in one day again this year.
           | 
           | And it looks like these terms are based on past data not
           | future projections:
           | 
           | > Since the 100-year flood level is statistically computed
           | using past, existing data, as more data comes in, the level
           | of the 100-year flood will change (especially if a huge flood
           | hits in the current year). As more data are collected, or
           | when a river basin is altered in a way that affects the flow
           | of water in the river, scientists re-evaluate the frequency
           | of flooding.
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | The entire rest of the west bank parishes is still protected by
         | the "old" definition of a 100 year storm, and they had multiple
         | breeches this year.
        
       | ErikAugust wrote:
       | http://trimread.org/articles/1154
        
       | yread wrote:
       | > Army Corps of Engineers, which rebuilt the system
       | 
       | It's funny they don't mention the companies like Arcadis that
       | actually designed the barrier, because they have the know-how
       | from managing the Dutch flood barriers
       | 
       | https://www.h2owaternetwerk.nl/h2o-actueel/beschermingssyste...
        
         | xxpor wrote:
         | Wow, someone in a US government (at any level) actually
         | consulted a foreign expert for something? And a non-Anglo
         | country at that?
         | 
         | Can whoever was responsible please take over transit funding at
         | DOT? We need so much more of this.
        
           | koheripbal wrote:
           | US gov't contracts frequently go to non-US companies - and
           | non-US gov'ts contract US companies all the time.
           | 
           | The global economy is, wait for it, global.
        
         | beerandt wrote:
         | With the political nature and extreme size of the project,
         | there weren't many engineering companies with a presence in SE
         | LA that didn't get a sizable contract out of it.
        
       | sixothree wrote:
       | There is plenty of good news from Louisiana. But mostly because
       | of the levees holding, the loss of life was low.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2021-09-05 23:01 UTC)