[HN Gopher] California ports among world's least efficient, rank...
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       California ports among world's least efficient, ranking shows
        
       Author : hhs
       Score  : 143 points
       Date   : 2021-10-20 19:16 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | curiousgal wrote:
       | > _In a review of 351 container ports around the globe, Los
       | Angeles was ranked 328, behind Tanzania 's Dar es Salaam and
       | Alaska's Dutch Harbor. The adjacent port of Long Beach came in
       | even lower, at 333, behind Turkey's Nemrut Bay and Kenya's
       | Mombasa_
       | 
       | What's the point of naming those other ports? Like "oh we're so
       | bad we're worse than freaking Kenya!". It's ironic.
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | I would expect the wealthiest nation on earth to naturally have
         | some advantages over a third world country like Kenya. More
         | resources, education, infrastructure, etc...
         | 
         | The point of naming those ports is to put the inefficiency of
         | US ports into context for the lay-reader.
        
           | scottlamb wrote:
           | > I would expect the wealthiest nation on earth to naturally
           | have some advantages over a third world country like Kenya.
           | More resources, education, infrastructure, etc...
           | 
           | Indeed. I had the pleasure of standing on the bridge of a
           | freighter in Tanga once as cement was loaded. (Tanga is a
           | port roughly halfway between Mombasa and Dar es Salaam.) They
           | didn't have containers or cranes. They loaded the cement by
           | sliding bags down a ramp, covering their mouths with shirts
           | to reduce dust inhalation.
           | 
           | Mombasa and Dar must be more modern than Tanga, as they are
           | on a list of container ports. Still, I would expect them to
           | be far behind California in terms of infrastructure.
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | With all the infrastructure, institutions, knowledge, and
         | processes, shouldn't the US ports function better than
         | _"freaking Kenya"_?
        
           | InitialLastName wrote:
           | I'll bet the efficiency ratings look a lot better if you
           | account for environmental damage, workers' safety and other
           | externalities of running a port.
        
             | kaesar14 wrote:
             | The top ranked port is Yokohama. Do you think Japan is
             | worse in the regards that you listed than the United
             | States?
        
           | chmod775 wrote:
           | Considering a port is really useful for exploitation, I
           | wouldn't be surprised if the ports in some of those countries
           | are working quite efficiently.
        
         | bumbledraven wrote:
         | Those are poorer countries, especially Kenya. It would be
         | expected that they would have a harder time financing the
         | infrastructure spending necessary to create and maintain highly
         | efficient ports. I find it instructive to compare their ports
         | with those of a wealthier country like the US.
        
           | curiousgal wrote:
           | Yeah but as it stands, those ports are better than
           | California's so none of those factors matter, no?
        
       | google234123 wrote:
       | At least the unions make sure everyone is paid 300k and all
       | automation is blocked.
        
         | ChrisClark wrote:
         | Source on the 300k salary? Or you just parroting someone's
         | opinion?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jimbob45 wrote:
         | I think you're being purposefully absurd but there is a
         | legitimate question as to whether this article is comparing LA
         | ports to ports with negligent safety (and compensation)
         | practices.
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | The most efficient port in the world is in Yokohama, Japan.
           | Are you are implying that Japan has negligent safety and
           | compensation practices?
        
         | soperj wrote:
         | It's the busiest port on earth. I suppose they should be
         | getting minimum wage?
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | It's not even close to the busiest port on earth. Singapore,
           | Rotterdam, Dubai, Antwerp, Hong Kong, and so many Chinese
           | ports are busier.
           | 
           | Notably, all of those are more automated.
           | 
           | Edit: It's not even close to the busiest port in the US:
           | https://www.bts.gov/content/tonnage-top-50-us-water-ports-
           | ra...
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | There might be some other reasonably fair salary that exists
           | between minimum wage and $300k/year.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | This is not exactly the same as a union bus driver.. I
             | think its fair to say, that this is not a supply-and-demand
             | wage negotiation, rather it is high-stakes negotiation
             | between guilds, over decades. The aisles of the ports are
             | intensely profitable, but operate under heavy pressures.
        
             | Frondo wrote:
             | "Fair" is whatever they can negotiate. Who are you or I to
             | say what's "fair" for someone else haggling over prices?
        
               | myfavoritedog wrote:
               | Fairness can only be achieved in a competitive
               | environment without unnecessary and contrived leverage.
               | It's really hard to find something fair when unions elect
               | politicians who write laws for unions that allow
               | strangling negotiations that give unions more money to
               | elect politicians who write laws for unions... and on and
               | on.
               | 
               | What happens with that high leverage, low competition
               | environment is you end up with the richest country on
               | earth having huge supply chain bottlenecks and rated as
               | having some of the worst ports in the world.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | > Fairness can only be achieved in a competitive
               | environment without unnecessary and contrived leverage.
               | It's really hard to find something fair when unions elect
               | politicians who write laws for unions that allow
               | strangling negotiations that give unions more money to
               | elect politicians who write laws for unions... and on and
               | on.
               | 
               | Corporations do exactly this, so sounds very fair
               | actually.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Right, as long as the market is free, fair is whatever
               | they can negotiate. If they artificially restrict labor
               | competition or anything like that, then it isn't really
               | fair anymore, like any monopoly.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Unlike a container port which just anyone can start?
               | 
               | When companies exploit their market power it's good
               | business yet when workers do the same thing it's not
               | really fair any more?
        
           | vernie wrote:
           | You dunderhead. You utter clod.
        
           | fdsfds76543 wrote:
           | They should be getting $0 because their jobs can be automated
        
             | makotech222 wrote:
             | They're human beings who need to support themselves and
             | their families in a capitalist hellhole society. But who
             | cares right? As long as you get your Amazon treats in 1 day
             | right?
        
             | ihumanable wrote:
             | What's the end of this line of thinking, 12 trillionaires
             | that own all the automation and a vast mass of unemployed
             | people?
        
             | jdavis703 wrote:
             | Do you really believe port automation is at the stage where
             | it can be fully automated with no port workers? Even at
             | "automated" ports, I assure you there are still port
             | workers to deal with anomalies. And yeah they should be
             | paid more than $0.
        
               | fdsfds76543 wrote:
               | "Not as enthusiastic over automated terminals like LBCT
               | have been the 15,000 longshore workers, including part-
               | time casuals, who man the docks in the Ports of Los
               | Angeles and Long Beach, the busiest and second busiest in
               | the nation, respectively.
               | 
               | Terminal automation poses big changes -- and likely some
               | job losses -- in those dockworker ranks.
               | 
               | LBCT, for example, features remotely run electric cranes
               | gliding back and forth and a computer-controlled stacking
               | system. Multiple containers can be handled by the cranes
               | at one time."
               | 
               | https://www.presstelegram.com/2021/08/20/completion-of-
               | long-...
               | 
               | EDIT: Apparently my factual post about saying crane
               | operator jobs can be automated was flagged. Incredible
        
           | dirtyid wrote:
           | It's not even top 10 on earth with around quarter to half
           | capacity of modern automated Asian ports that operate 24/7.
           | Considering supply chain and economic knock on affects,
           | everyone that can be automated should be ASAP.
        
           | rsj_hn wrote:
           | When someone is running a horse and buggy taxi service in
           | 2021, the issue isn't whether the guy shoveling the manure is
           | being paid a fair wage for working hard, or whether their job
           | is easy, but rather why their job exists in the first place.
           | Major ports have automated long ago.
           | 
           |  _" Biden's Build Back Better bill, Section 30102, expressly
           | prohibits the use of funds provided there to be used for
           | automation."_[1]
           | 
           | The union is clear it opposes automation:
           | 
           |  _" TTI would become the fourth automated container terminal
           | in Southern California. Total Terminals International's
           | (TTI's) decision this week to automate its 385-acre Pier T
           | terminal in Long Beach sets up a classic struggle between
           | terminal operator employers and the International Longshore
           | and Warehouse Union (ILWU).
           | 
           | The union opposes the project on the grounds it will
           | eliminate some dockworker jobs, but employers say automation
           | is needed to increase capacity and keep the ports of Long
           | Beach and Los Angeles competitive."_[3]
           | 
           | And this results in outdated infrastructure and lower
           | productivity:
           | 
           |  _" Cranes in automated ports operate at least twice as fast
           | as cranes in outdated US ports. Biden's port czar, John
           | Porcari, let the truth out when he said last week it's "your
           | grandfather's infrastructure that we're dealing with."_[1]
           | 
           |  _" The International Longshoremen's Association contract,
           | which extends to 2024, blocks the use of automation
           | technology. Willie Adams, president of the International
           | Longshore and Warehouse Union, which represents West Coast
           | workers, says automated cargo handling equipment will not be
           | tolerated."_[1]
           | 
           |  _" In a July 7 letter to California Governor Gavin Newsom,
           | International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) president
           | Willie Adams cited the pandemic and the US-China trade war as
           | reason why terminal automation, mostly recently seen at APM
           | Terminals' Los Angeles terminal, would hurt the ports, its
           | workers, and surrounding communities._
           | 
           |  _"This is simply not the time to allow further job losses to
           | automation. Losing jobs to automation not only undermines the
           | long term capacity of our ports, but it does lasting damage
           | on our families," Adams wrote [.. seen as] further evidence
           | of the union's single-minded focus on automation. That was
           | seen most clearly in its surprisingly vocal opposition last
           | year to a limited automation project at the APM Terminals
           | Pier 400 facility in Los Angeles despite having agreed years
           | earlier to a collective bargaining agreement that allowed
           | terminals to automate in return for $800 million in
           | additional wages and benefits. "_[2]
           | 
           | When Tanzania's port is more productive than yours, then it's
           | time to finally move into the 21st century.
           | 
           | [1] https://nypost.com/2021/10/18/to-please-unions-biden-
           | wont-au...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.joc.com/port-news/us-ports/ilwu's-anti-
           | automatio...
           | 
           | [3] https://ilaunion.org/2021/05/latest-long-beach-terminal-
           | auto...*
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | > ... cited the pandemic and the US-China trade war as
             | reason why terminal automation, mostly recently seen at APM
             | Terminals' Los Angeles terminal, would hurt the ports, its
             | workers, and surrounding communities.
             | 
             | Covid and trade war are reasons why _automation_ would hurt
             | the ports? Covid is why automation would hurt the
             | communities? Non-sequitur much?
             | 
             | Covid is why automation would hurt the workers? Not even
             | that. _Automation would hurt the workers_ , maybe, but not
             | because of Covid.
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | I am citing some irrational union comments to explain the
               | irrationality of our government policies and the current
               | situation in the ports, and you are attributing the
               | beliefs in the comments to me. Please re-read.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | I am quoting from your post, but I am _not_ attributing
               | the comments to you. Please re-think.
               | 
               | (Though I do see why you might be concerned that a casual
               | reader though I was attributing it to you...)
        
           | thereddaikon wrote:
           | Clearly there's a middle ground here. It doesn't have to be
           | all one way or the other. Unions and corporations can both be
           | corrupt and fall into malaise. There are examples enough to
           | give anyone ammunition to make whatever point they want.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | I've yet to hear anybody argue that corporate corruption
             | means that corporations no longer serve a purpose.
        
         | Frondo wrote:
         | Good. I applaud all workers who successfully negotiate for as
         | high a salary as possible. After all, _I 'm_ not in the room
         | with them when they negotiate their pay, just like they're not
         | in the room with me when it's my turn -- if they're making six
         | figs, good on them.
        
       | anonymousiam wrote:
       | Probably also the world's most costly port to operate. Every
       | decade or so the workers organize a slowdown in order to increase
       | their salary and benefits. They are already incredibly
       | overcompensated workers, which is why the jobs are so coveted.
       | 
       | https://www.practicaladultinsights.com/how-do-i-become-a-lon...
       | 
       | https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-dockworker-pay-201503...
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | prior to containerization, there were 100x more jobs in the
         | port system
        
           | Robotbeat wrote:
           | Were there? Port volume was much smaller. The reduction in
           | port jobs per ton of goods moved must be somewhat compensated
           | by significantly increased volume.
        
         | Robotbeat wrote:
         | "Overcompensated"? I'm skeptical of unions, but that they tend
         | to increase wages (therefore allowing workers to reap the
         | benefits of productivity improvements) is a GOOD thing. The bad
         | thing is when they reduce efficiency, like go on strike,
         | organize a slowdown, cause friction with management (although
         | this can sometimes be a good thing if what management is doing
         | is counterproductive), or fight automation/technology. I want
         | the wage benefits of unions without the productivity penalty.
         | (This is partly why I'm in favor of minimum wage increases tied
         | to economy-wide productivity and consumer/worker cooperatives.)
        
         | toiletfuneral wrote:
         | You only here this rhetoric when referring to blue collar and
         | service jobs, which is weird because the most objectively
         | useless, lazy and overpaid people in our economy are landlords
         | & shareholders.
        
         | notJim wrote:
         | The tremendous scandal here is that the median salary of a
         | union longshoremen is $100k? I'm not sure why this is such a
         | huge problem. Other skilled blue collar work pays in the same
         | ballpark.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | AdamN wrote:
         | Median comp of $100k in LA for a skilled job isn't "incredibly
         | overcompensated" to operate the busiest container port in the
         | western hemisphere.
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | Comp != salary, and union jobs tend to have more benefits.
        
         | ianleeclark wrote:
         | > They are already incredibly overcompensated workers
         | 
         | They work incredibly socially necessary jobs and they are able
         | to bargain collectively to increase negotiation power, so they
         | seem to be compensated fairly.
        
           | phillipcarter wrote:
           | Yeah, and I'd also applaud the effort to have wages rise more
           | proportionally to overall productivity gains. The big story
           | of the US is that wages are stagnant but productivity has
           | only gone up over that same time. If they have leverage, they
           | should absolutely use it.
        
           | emaginniss wrote:
           | Honestly, they are essentially using regulatory capture. They
           | require that anyone who works there has to be a member of the
           | union and if they don't like what's going on the entire union
           | refuses to work and to allow anyone else to work.
        
             | ianleeclark wrote:
             | > They require that anyone who works there has to be a
             | member of the union and if they don't like what's going on
             | the entire union refuses to work and to allow anyone else
             | to work.
             | 
             | Good for them.
        
             | kfprt wrote:
             | Start your own port then. It's not as if there's a shortage
             | of coastline.
        
               | Rebelgecko wrote:
               | That wouldn't be legal in CA
        
               | kfprt wrote:
               | How about OR or WA, or even Mexico. You could unload onto
               | trains to cross the boarder.
        
               | maccolgan wrote:
               | That's what has been happening. California hasn't seen a
               | new port since Port of San Diego in 1962 iirc.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | There are very few places along the Pacific Coast of the
               | US that are reasonable as ports.
               | 
               | Puget Sound, the San Francisco Bay, and southern
               | California are pretty much _it_. Portland is 100 miles
               | from the ocean; only smaller ships can reach it. Astoria
               | and Eureka have terrible connections on the land side.
               | 
               | You could think about starting a new port at, say, Santa
               | Monica or San Clemente. It could be done. You'd have to
               | build a breakwater, a bunch of piers, and you'd have to
               | buy a huge amount of land for facilities.
               | 
               | How much would it cost to buy, say, 10,000 acres and 20
               | miles of waterfront in Santa Monica? Yeah, that's why
               | nobody has done it.
               | 
               | Expanding San Diego is about the only workable option.
        
               | kfprt wrote:
               | It was mostly sarcasm. I just don't like the argument
               | that it's regulatory capture because it's fallacious to
               | blame capture when you refuse to compete. This also
               | ignores the fact that there is competition between
               | existing ports. Outlawing unions would just be another
               | form of regulatory capture anyways.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | There's plenty of options. Southern CA is actually a
               | longer trip from China than Seattle Washington so
               | basically any west coast port can be expanded. It's
               | really the infrastructure outside the port that makes
               | Southern California ports appealing.
        
             | clairity wrote:
             | > "...essentially using regulatory capture."
             | 
             | no, it's not even remotely close to regulatory capture[0].
             | it's closer to cornering a (labor) market, which has
             | nothing to do with the complicity of regulators here.
             | california labor laws aren't being explicitly and
             | specifically written to favor the longshoremen's union--
             | _that_ would be regulatory capture.
             | 
             | the main reason labor unions came into being is because
             | companies, as they grew beyond human scale, began exerting
             | highly coercive leverage on labor markets, sometimes via
             | _regulatory capture_. some unions can sometimes exert
             | political power, but that 's not a regulatory capture
             | mechanism, that's just regular politics.
             | 
             | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_capture
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _california labor laws aren 't being explicitly and
               | specifically written to favor the longshoremen's union--
               | that would be regulatory capture_
               | 
               | Yes, they are. There should be different unions
               | representing each port. The law won't allow that, giving
               | the ILWU a monopoly on legal port labor.
        
               | clairity wrote:
               | that isn't special to the ilwu, or labor in general.
               | labor can organize as they see fit. that's a
               | constitutionally recognized freedom, not a special
               | privilege (aka regulatory capture).
        
               | GaryTang wrote:
               | Why doesn't anyone build a competing port? Is it just too
               | expensive for someone to build? Or are there actual laws
               | prohibiting the creation of another port?
        
               | AdrianB1 wrote:
               | One cannot build a port just anywhere; you need to meet
               | certain conditions in shore configuration, depth of
               | water, you need road and electrical power connections on
               | the land. A port is no longer a safe harbor from storms,
               | they are huge investments with major ecological impact.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Both. Construction of ports is a massive endeavor and
               | requires a suitable geographic location. On the
               | regulatory side, the costal commission would never allow
               | the construction of a new one due to the environmental
               | impacts.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | How is it anything but regulatory capture? In a free
               | market, if employees wouldn't do their jobs, they'd all
               | be fired and replaced with ones who would.
        
               | ianleeclark wrote:
               | > In a free market, if employees wouldn't do their jobs,
               | they'd all be fired and replaced with ones who would.
               | 
               | We live in a market economy with farm and oil subsidies.
               | People can point to the free market all they like as some
               | arbiter of truth, but it ignores the political realities
               | of our world.
        
               | clairity wrote:
               | 'free market' is a ideologically-loaded term. in a _fair_
               | market, we 'd have much less distortion all around, much
               | more competition, and a more equitable split of surplus
               | value to constituents, to the point that labor unions
               | wouldn't need to exist.
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | No to be critical of America. I love Hawaii. Not that its really
       | American. But the declining Standards are kind of alarming.
       | Starting to remind me of South America, which is at least mostly
       | heading in the improve direction. Its kind of ironic that the
       | decline of middle America has so much to do with California
       | deciding its cheaper to trade and do business with China than
       | with Chicago and Detroit and rest of the rust belt. And even
       | then, California cheaps out on the ports.
        
         | Factorium wrote:
         | I live in Ukraine and Bulgaria and throughout the entire
         | pandemic, everything has been... available, and cheap.
         | Including imported goods. In many cases, electronics are
         | cheaper here than in the USA, despite 20% VAT.
         | 
         | There seems to be something going wrong in the Anglo countries
         | to be facing such ongoing shortages.
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | Notice how Apple boasts "Designed in California" but never
         | "Designed in the USA". Their midyear keynote had an intro about
         | how amazing California is.
         | 
         | This is the result of illberalism.
        
           | lowkey_ wrote:
           | Part of the beauty of the USA is all its distinct regions and
           | cultures.
           | 
           | Interestingly, studies have found that goods sell for more
           | when they say, for example, "Made in Detroit," as opposed to
           | "Made in the USA."
           | 
           | That keynote is perfectly in line with American principles.
           | It's frightening how homogenous our states have become, and
           | how much power has been taken away from them.
        
             | systemvoltage wrote:
             | I like what you said and it is colliding with my pessimism
             | that Californians and California (I live here) want to
             | secede from the rest of the US. At least in principle
             | they're more pro-China than pro-US. Tells you a lot.
        
         | iammisc wrote:
         | Why are you being downvoted?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | notJim wrote:
           | The comment is difficult to read, and makes a bunch of vague
           | and unsupported arguments that are unrelated to the topic at
           | hand.
        
           | swiley wrote:
           | Because pointing out reality now makes you part of the
           | "dangerous alt right."
        
         | kwertyoowiyop wrote:
         | "California" didn't decide that. Bentonville, Arkansas did.
         | This isn't about Republican vs. Democrat, it's about
         | billionaires vs. everyone else.
        
           | themaninthedark wrote:
           | I am no fan of Walmart but you can't pin this on just them by
           | the time they were pushing suppliers the damage had already
           | been done.
           | 
           | It wasn't always this way. Walmart used to proudly display
           | banners with 'Made in America' on them.
           | 
           | But as companies left the county, the poor and then the
           | middle class downsized as well.
           | 
           | Companies left looking to lower costs, the public was wooed
           | with lower prices and the idea that you could get more now
           | and the politicians made promises that the affected sectors
           | would be retrained, first we would have a service economy
           | then it became knowledge workers.
           | 
           | It turns out that the service economy is fickle and doesn't
           | pay well for the most part. Not everyone can be a knowledge
           | worker and that is not outsource proof either.
           | 
           | Now we are in a trap where companies can not return because
           | they would have to raise their prices and reduce profits and
           | the people who used to work for them can't afford to buy
           | their products now.
        
           | standardUser wrote:
           | I was thinking Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, birthplace of
           | the Washington Consensus.
        
       | bpodgursky wrote:
       | Ran across this recently (the view of the port backlog crisis
       | from the POV of a trucker): https://news.yahoo.com/lazy-crane-
       | operators-making-250-20010...
        
         | davidw wrote:
         | Possibly some truth to it, but also worth noting the source:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Examiner
        
           | throwawaysea wrote:
           | What are we supposed to take away from that? I realize they
           | are right-leaning but every news source has its own biases
           | and every news source has examples of
           | good/bad/truthful/misleading journalism. I feel like the best
           | we can do is to read a diversity of viewpoints and form an
           | opinion.
        
             | DrewRWx wrote:
             | Not when the viewpoint is a transparent, blame-shifting hit
             | piece.
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | There are outlets that try for 'as objective as possible'
             | (albeit sometimes failing), and others that skew pretty
             | hard one way or the other. From my observations, this one
             | is more in the 'skew' category. The skew folks often cherry
             | pick things, don't do fact checking and are otherwise
             | sloppy. I'm wary of them - including the ones that agree
             | with my point of view.
        
       | ars wrote:
       | When people say they hate unions this is why. This port is not
       | automated, and it's entirely because the unions want their money:
       | https://www.presstelegram.com/2021/05/20/automation-war-expe...
       | 
       | "But the International Longshore and Warehouse Union was quick to
       | issue a response following the meeting, saying the proposal
       | threatens U.S. jobs and local economies." i.e. we want to make
       | things worse, so we get more money.
       | 
       | When you read stuff like this, is it any wonder that Amazon and
       | WalMart are so opposed to unions?
       | 
       | Are there any unions that advocate for good working conditions,
       | without also opposing efficiency gains in the name of jobs?
        
         | systemvoltage wrote:
         | Not a single union prospectus has anything remotely related to
         | work-ethics, efficiency, how to handle mistakes and bad
         | performance, etc.
         | 
         | I have never supported unions and will never in the future. I
         | can understand the point of Unions in a brutal regime, USA has
         | one of the most vibrant economies in the world with a rich job
         | market.
         | 
         | California is digging a hole for itself it doesn't do something
         | drastic.
        
           | ihumanable wrote:
           | It's a wonder that according to free market fundamentalists
           | California is constantly a mismanaged hell hole, and yet it
           | continues to be one of the largest and most dynamic economies
           | on Earth.
        
         | ALittleLight wrote:
         | "In the name of jobs" seems pretty darn critical to the purpose
         | of unions. What would be the point of a union that didn't
         | protect the jobs of their workers?
         | 
         | It's pretty clear why Amazon and WalMart dislike unions. Unions
         | make things more expensive (and less efficient) for the owners.
         | The converse is that unions can make things better for the
         | employees. There are a lot more people who work at Amazon and
         | WalMart than there are who meaningfully own those companies.
         | 
         | I think there's an ideal balance and unions can be a part of
         | that. On one end, inefficiency kills the company and costs
         | everyone jobs and money. On the other companies are brutally
         | efficient, like Amazon, and most workers live and work in poor
         | conditions. We should try to find something in the middle
         | rather than optimize for efficiency.
        
           | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
           | It's possible to protect the jobs of your members while
           | looking down the road and not making decisions that cause
           | those jobs to be eliminated entirely because you refuse to
           | adapt.
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | "Are there any unions that advocate for good working
         | conditions, without also opposing efficiency gains in the name
         | of jobs?"
         | 
         | It's the job of the union to advocate for workers, not for
         | management. Workers want more pay, job security, benefits,
         | safety, and so on. What employers want is entirely different
         | and often directly opposed to what the workers want. And there
         | is already a strong advocate for the employers interests - the
         | employer. In most employment situation there is no advocate for
         | the workers to begin with.
         | 
         | What you are suggesting is that in the rare cases that workers
         | do have an advocate, that advocate should also be acting for
         | the benefit of the employer. I don't think that adds up.
        
           | 10000truths wrote:
           | I don't think this dichotomy is necessary. Management _are_
           | workers - they have the same goal as everyone else, making
           | money. The distinction you intend to make is people who have
           | a stake in the company vs. people who do not. If all
           | employees held equity /stocks or had substantial
           | participation in company decisions (be it through a vote, or
           | through an elected representative), then collective
           | bargaining would organically arise as part of the
           | organizational structure.
        
             | rsj_hn wrote:
             | In Germany you have a very different relationship between
             | unions and management, with unions sitting on corporate
             | boards and management being in the union as well.
             | 
             | But American unions are legendary in the Western world for
             | corruption and pugnaciousness which continues up to the
             | present[1,2], which is unfortunate, and long term hurts
             | workers.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/10/15/head-of-
             | californias-l...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/11-union-
             | officials-char...
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | Demanding higher pay in exchange for increased efficiency is
           | a negotiation.
           | 
           | Demanding higher pay in exchange for nothing is rent-seeking.
        
             | kfprt wrote:
             | I will remember that the next time I'm at the grocery store
             | and prices go up without negotiation. Afterall I could just
             | not buy food.
        
               | missedthecue wrote:
               | I don't think this is useful analogy. If Kroger raises
               | prices for milk, you can cross the street and buy your
               | milk from Walmart or Aldi or Costco or any of the other
               | hundreds of places that sell groceries.
               | 
               | If the ILWU goes on a slowdown strike, the port authority
               | cannot simply fire them all and hire replacements.
               | Firstly, that is outright illegal in America and
               | secondly, there is no competition anyway. The ILWU has a
               | monopoly on the supply of longshoremen. If all the
               | grocers were entered into a cartel agreement to not sell
               | milk below a certain price, then you'd have a point.
               | There's no evidence that this is the case.
               | 
               | But all longshoremen _are_ entered into an agreement not
               | to sell labor below a given price. This agreement is
               | their union membership with the ILWU.
        
               | kfprt wrote:
               | Setting aside the fact that stores only sell milk and all
               | get it from the same set of farms which usually have
               | their own trade group, monopoly if you will, why should
               | regulatory capture favor your preference over theirs?
        
               | merpnderp wrote:
               | There's no milk monopoly. That's ridiculous. Farmer Joe
               | is free to sell his milk at whatever price he wants.
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | > In most employment situation there is no advocate for the
           | workers to begin with.
           | 
           | This is only true in employment situations with little to no
           | scarcity in labor supply. That is not actually the case in
           | most skilled jobs, certainly not at present. In skilled work,
           | the employer has a clear need to keep their employees
           | satisfied otherwise they cannot sustain their labor needs.
           | Labor scarcity by definition creates substantial alignment
           | between the desires of workers and the needs of the business.
        
           | jl6 wrote:
           | I guess the issue is that if a union _solely_ acts for the
           | benefit of the workers, then it sets itself not only against
           | the interests of the employer, but also against the interests
           | of the whole of the rest of society, who would benefit from
           | the service being more efficient.
           | 
           | Hence the current situation where unions have an image
           | problem.
           | 
           | Nobody likes seeing an abuse of power, whether the abuse is
           | coming from the direction of the employer, or from the
           | employee's union.
           | 
           | Game-theoretically, a smart union should refrain from
           | unreasonable demands, because their long-term survival (and
           | that of its members) is imperilled by public opinion turning
           | against them.
        
         | makotech222 wrote:
         | Maybe if capitalist society didn't create the main
         | contradiction between making the economy more productive and
         | starving and killing the citizens that rely on selling their
         | labor to survive.
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | >This port is not automated, and it's entirely because the
         | unions want their money.
         | 
         | And ports cost money because ports want their money. People
         | need money. To live.
         | 
         | If automation is set up with the express purpose of reducing
         | worker leverage (and it often is for infrastructure projects)
         | then it doesnt make sense to clutch pearls if workers then
         | strike.
         | 
         | If a few days of strikes are so expensive that the automation
         | gets called off... well, maybe it wasnt about reducing costs.
         | Maybe it was about power.
         | 
         | Driverless trains are similar. They don't save passengers
         | money.
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | > Driverless trains are similar. They don't save passengers
           | money.
           | 
           | Gonna have to disagree with you there. If BART was
           | driverless, we could have 2-car trains every 4 minutes
           | instead of a 10-car train every 20 minutes. Staff shortages
           | are main reason for lower transit frequency, especially on
           | weekends.
           | 
           | Vancouver's SkyTrain is a great example of driverless trains
           | enabling higher frequencies.
        
         | 5etho wrote:
         | yes deutschland unions are very good for economy and workers
        
           | ars wrote:
           | European unions and American unions are both called "unions",
           | but they are not the same thing.
           | 
           | One huge difference is the employee picks the union, it's not
           | a single union per employer.
        
       | filereaper wrote:
       | Tweet from Flexport CEO about what's currently happening at Long
       | Beach ports.
       | 
       | https://mobile.twitter.com/typesfast/status/1450904056365404...
       | 
       | Seems there's a bottleneck because trucks aren't picking up
       | containers from the port. They're running out of room in the yard
       | to unload the container ships.
       | 
       | The tweet explicitly says that the Port is not slowing anything
       | down and that they want more shifts.
       | 
       | Rail deliveries are on schedule.
        
         | dmitrygr wrote:
         | https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1448051858698907649.html
        
           | retbull wrote:
           | That story is so incredibly narrow and misleading its absurd.
        
             | rsj_hn wrote:
             | That's an empty dismissal. If you have a substantive
             | counterargument, then make it.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/typesfast/status/1450904060253540...
         | 
         | Would love to know more about that. Appointments are full but
         | no one is showing up for them? Companies just can't get
         | drivers?
        
           | dmitrygr wrote:
           | i posted a sister comment with a possible explanation
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | I'm not on the scene. I don't work in that business. So take
           | this with some salt. But I have heard that two things are
           | causing issues.
           | 
           | 1. California passed a law that all trucks older than 10
           | years old had to have expensive modifications (I believe for
           | pollution control). Well, the average age of trucks is 14
           | years. Surprisingly (not), trucks became in short supply in
           | California.
           | 
           | 2. They passed this law that Uber drivers were employees, not
           | contractors. Surprisingly (until you think about it), this
           | same law hit owner-operators of trucks. That confuses the
           | legalities of hiring owner-operators, which is a fair number
           | of trucks.
           | 
           | From what I heard, for both of these reasons, trucks and
           | drivers are less available than they used to be in
           | California.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | It seems that if Congress et al wanted to overstep the
             | Interstate Commerce Clause here would be a perfect place to
             | do it.
        
             | gotoeleven wrote:
             | It helps to think of the CA government as a natural
             | disaster. It's the natural product of affluent, well-
             | intentioned know-nothings without the humility to stop and
             | think that maybe, just maybe, they don't know what they're
             | doing when it comes to meddling with the economy.
        
               | FridayoLeary wrote:
               | Should CA be split up?
        
               | leet_thow wrote:
               | Plus they'd like to think they are the bellwether state
               | for progressive policy, but really the whole Left Coast
               | is just a petri dish for experiments that usually don't
               | work and serve more as a warning than an example to be
               | emulated.
        
             | computermagic wrote:
             | I don't think those have as much affect. Because point 1
             | went into affect in 2008 and point 2 truckers are exempt.
             | 
             | https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/oct/19/facebook-
             | p...
        
             | unnamed76ri wrote:
             | Only anecdotal of course but my aunt is a cross country
             | truck driver that stopped delivering/picking up in CA
             | because of those regulations.
        
       | 1cvmask wrote:
       | The report:
       | 
       | https://cdn.ihsmarkit.com/www/prot/pdf/0521/Container-Port-P...
        
       | acwan93 wrote:
       | I remember visiting a port in Cartagena (Colombia) well before
       | the pandemic where they gave us a presentation highlighting that
       | due to the inefficiencies of American ports, ports nearby the
       | Panama Canal can do business simply by transporting containers
       | from Panamax ships to smaller ships simply because American ports
       | can't process as many containers. The presenter seemed proud that
       | Cartagena was able to unload and reload more ships as Miami or
       | LA/Long Beach in a given day.
       | 
       | The reason they said was due to automation and "forward looking
       | technologies", and said that American ports were riddled with
       | unions and refusals to automate. It seems like this has been a
       | long time coming.
        
       | wing-_-nuts wrote:
       | Ports are national infrastructure. The current mess is one of the
       | few times I'd actually be in favor of nationalizing them until
       | the current crisis blows over. Hell, I'd be ok with us building
       | 21st century 'mulberry harbors' if it got things under control.
       | The president should go off on them like Reagan did with the air
       | traffic controllers.
        
         | julienb_sea wrote:
         | Ports are already operated by local government. This is
         | standard practice in basically all countries. The most
         | efficient port in the world, Yokohama, is operated by the local
         | harbor district, in exactly the same manner as Long Beach
         | operated by the local city council.
         | 
         | I don't think nationalization is going to solve the problem
         | here.
        
         | Factorium wrote:
         | The current political regime in Washington is totally crooked.
         | Look at what they're doing to push COVID vaccine products onto
         | children (Pfizer and JnJ are the #6 and #7 stocks owned by
         | congress), and their selection of someone with massive conflict
         | of interest for NHTSHA safety advisor.
         | 
         | Anything that the federal Government touches right now is going
         | to get a lot worse.
         | 
         | America just needs to limp on until they can be thrown out in
         | 2022 and 2024. Hopefully those years will have real elections.
        
           | cr__ wrote:
           | Which elections weren't "real"?
        
         | myfavoritedog wrote:
         | The withdrawal from Afghanistan should be instructive of why we
         | should not be eager to see a big power-grab from the current
         | administration.
         | 
         | The main three causes of this shipping kerfuffle are: 1.
         | Environmental regulations on trucking. 2. Anti-independent
         | operator laws in CA. 3. Government subservience to the
         | longshoremen union. 4. Overly-aggressive stay-at-home policies
         | and subsidies from COVID.
         | 
         | The current administration would go in the wrong direction on
         | every one of those causes.
        
       | throwawaysea wrote:
       | I recommend reading this article titled "Lazy crane operators
       | making $250,000 a year exacerbating port crisis, truckers say"
       | (https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/economy/lazy-
       | crane...), for examples for the kind of games port workers are
       | playing.
       | 
       | It's remarkable how brazen the actions of the longshoreman's
       | union can be. There are truckers who are retaliated against if
       | they complain, so they are forced to simply endure "slow work"
       | and abusive practices without any way to help correct the
       | situation. This is of course impacting our supply chain and
       | economy at a crucial time when we need to act quickly and bounce
       | back from the pandemic. Given how broadly-scoped and aggressive
       | state and federal mandates have been, why isn't there a mandate
       | to force labor at ports to work like they are supposed to, just
       | like emergency workers?
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | They're not Federal workers. How do you plan to force them to
         | do their jobs?
        
           | julienb_sea wrote:
           | This is the clear result of an overbearingly powerful
           | entrenched union allowing absurd inefficiency. Tough to
           | imagine a legal recourse. Ideally you allow local ports to
           | outlaw the unions, but that would be a legal nightmare and be
           | extraordinarily difficult to pull off, since the entire
           | port's unionized staff would likely quit.
        
             | merpnderp wrote:
             | You could simply allow non-union workers, or allow other
             | unions to bid the job. Just some modicum of competition.
             | But right now it is them or no-one.
        
       | t8e56vd4ih wrote:
       | never thought or heard about California having a port at all.
       | kind of weird because in hindsight that seems rather obvious.
        
         | p1mrx wrote:
         | California has 11 major ports:
         | http://www.seecalifornia.com/california/california-ports.htm...
        
       | proudfoot wrote:
       | Full ranking here:
       | 
       | https://www.maritimes.gr/images/PORTS/Container-Port-Perform...
       | 
       | Dominated by East Asia (mostly China) at the top.
        
       | k0stas wrote:
       | I was wondering how efficiency is defined for a port.
       | 
       | I found what I think is a more original post related to the list:
       | https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/new-global-container...
       | 
       | Inferring from the description in the link, it seems like the
       | overall ranking is based on a combined metric. They do mention
       | "minutes per container move" as a key metric ranging from
       | Yokohama's 1.1 minutes to Africa's average 3.6 minutes.
       | 
       | From a high-level perspective, and in analogy with computer
       | systems, it makes sense that time efficiency is the most critical
       | metric.
        
         | AdamN wrote:
         | Seems to me like the two numbers that matter are:
         | 
         | Mean time from docking to last container being outside of port
         | property
         | 
         | Mean cost per TEU
        
       | thedigitalone wrote:
       | https://archive.md/mxw93
        
       | thepasswordis wrote:
       | This seems like it's going to crash the economy.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | In Portland OR, the longshoreman's union (ILWU) organized a
       | slowdown at the port. Things ended with the only customer of the
       | port pulling out because they were losing money on parked ships.
       | The port shut down completely, but the operator of the port
       | managed to successfully sue the union for over $90 million
       | dollars in damages.
       | 
       | Here's the kicker, they were sued for unlawful labor practices.
       | 
       | The entire slowdown was organized over _two jobs_. That they
       | wanted _taken away from the electrician 's union_.
       | 
       | There are other such stories you can find about dealing with the
       | ILWU. They regularly attack other workers and unions. They even
       | pulled out of the AFL-CIO so they could be free to beef over turf
       | with its' members.
       | 
       | Don't buy into any of their media BS - they are not a union, they
       | are a racket.
       | 
       | https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2019-11-29/longshore-...
        
         | wahern wrote:
         | The book The Box explains that the ILWU, which represents West
         | Coast dock workers, handled containerization much better than
         | its East Coast counterpart. The ILWU was more flexible and
         | proactive, partnering with ports for the upgrades that would in
         | time substantially reduce labor requirements, but saving and
         | prolonging many more jobs than if they had been as intransigent
         | as East Coast workers.
         | 
         | It really comes down to leadership. The ILWU had great
         | leadership that was able to manage relationships better. It's
         | difficult to find that kind of leadership today, especially
         | because people are so quick to cry "corruption" when a leader
         | does anything except be a zealous, loud, and inflexible
         | advocate for their group. (And when they inevitably fail,
         | that's "corruption", too.) Compromise is a dirty word, and no
         | one can maintain the necessary reputational capital amidst
         | relentless character assassinations on social media.
        
           | hangonhn wrote:
           | Another vote for "The Box". That book was so eye opening and
           | touches on standards, globalization, efficiency, and
           | stevedore unions. You can even read about an early instance
           | of a submarine patent.
        
         | cletus wrote:
         | This is history all over: the pendulum ends up swinging too far
         | and it has to correct.
         | 
         | Unions came about to bring about workers rights in the
         | industrial revolution to correct terrible working conditions.
         | This is something that needed to happen.
         | 
         | Fast forward to the 1970s and the problems weren't anywhere
         | near as severe. But power not used is power lost. If your
         | members begin to view you as unnecessary, it's an existential
         | threat to not only the union but those who had built their
         | careers (political and otherwise) on the backs of that. So what
         | happens? Any remote sleight is blown out of proportion to
         | create controversy and fan the flames of fear among members.
         | 
         | In the US this dovetailed into the Reagan years. Americans had
         | started to view unions as unnecessary and corrupt and union
         | membership and power waned.
         | 
         | It also didn't help that there have been many ties between
         | unions and organized crime.
         | 
         | Your story about the Portland ports comes as no surprise to me.
         | There are countless stories like this and the "go to" defense
         | used in making a mountain out of a mole hill is the slippery
         | slope fallacy ("well if this electrician can be fired for
         | coming to work drunk and killing two people then you'll be
         | next").
         | 
         | It should come as no surprise that worker wages in real terms
         | stagnated from 1980 until now.
         | 
         | What I hope is that the pandemic is a catalyst for this
         | pendulum to start swinging back. I think we've had enough of
         | Reagonomics (trickle-down economics anyone?).
        
           | amznthrwaway wrote:
           | Police Unions are the ultimate example of unions that have
           | gone too far and should not exist.
           | 
           | Sadly, right-wingers love police and police violence. Few
           | things make a right-winger hornier than high incarceration
           | rates, and blacks being beaten by cops.
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > they are not a union, they are a racket.
         | 
         | There's a difference?
        
           | serf wrote:
           | >There's a difference?
           | 
           | the difference occurs when the primary shift from 'employee-
           | empowerment' to 'organization-for-profit' occurs.
           | 
           | This is sooner rather than later for certain unions.
        
         | roenxi wrote:
         | > they are not a union, they are a racket.
         | 
         | The core leverage of a union is a mafia-style "wouldn't it be a
         | shame if your business burned down?". How are you drawing the
         | line between union and racket? Is there something more nuanced
         | than what you find socially acceptable?
        
           | diordiderot wrote:
           | In civilized societies, like the ones across the Atlantic,
           | labor representatives work cooperatively with management in
           | non adversarial manner because children aren't indoctrinated
           | into thinking they're the star of there own Hollywood film
        
             | batch12 wrote:
             | What? This point made sense until the tangental snark after
             | 'because'. Should've stopped there.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | > In civilized societies, like the ones across the
             | Atlantic, labor representatives work cooperatively with
             | management in non adversarial manner because children
             | aren't indoctrinated into thinking they're the star of
             | there own Hollywood film
             | 
             | Yeah right. The unions in Europe have always been more
             | violent and dangerous than the ones in the US. The French
             | labor unions would like a word with you about being
             | civilized (they're anything but).
             | 
             | And which societies would those be? The forever
             | dictatorships in Eastern Europe? The regressive monarchies
             | all over Western Europe? Look up how many constitutions the
             | French have had, because they can't get anything right.
             | Most of Europe was a backwards, primitive disaster until
             | the last 40-50 years. Mass genocide, tens of millions
             | butchered in wars, millions cast into slavery in North and
             | South America, monarchy, dictatorship, totalitarianism,
             | Communism, Socialism, Colonialism. Oh yes, those glorious
             | enlightened Europeans, we have so much to learn from their
             | ... wisdom. Europe largely are constitutional and
             | democratic infants compared to the US, crawling from behind
             | by more than a century. It'll take a miracle for Europe to
             | not be back to killing itself before another few decades is
             | up. The sole reason they didn't spend the post WW2 era
             | slaughtering each other is thanks to the US occupation of
             | Europe, which prevented war with Russia and largely kept
             | the major powers from being allowed to attack other weaker
             | nations.
        
               | jimmygrapes wrote:
               | You're likely to be flagged and have a dead comment soon,
               | but I want to let you know I appreciate this harsh (but
               | honest) take. I find it endlessly fascinating how much
               | "young buck" brow-beating the US gets from Europe (and so
               | too their respective citizens and representatives), in
               | both political/media rhetoric and in interpersonal fora
               | like this. As a proud and naturalized US Citizen myself,
               | thanks for standing up for me.
        
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