[HN Gopher] Fascine Mattresses: Basketry Gone Wild
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       Fascine Mattresses: Basketry Gone Wild
        
       Author : ggoo
       Score  : 111 points
       Date   : 2021-11-04 16:22 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (solar.lowtechmagazine.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (solar.lowtechmagazine.com)
        
       | tromp wrote:
       | > Between 1954 and 1967, during works on the rivers throughout
       | the country, they sank 1,200,000 km2 fascine mattresses to the
       | bottom.
       | 
       | I have trouble squaring that with all of the Netherlands
       | measuring only 41,543 km2, with rivers making up only a tiny
       | fraction of that.
       | 
       | Perhaps conversion from 1,200,000,000 m2 was off by a factor of
       | 1000, and they mean 1,200 km2 ?
        
         | lowtechmagazine wrote:
         | Thanks for spotting the mistake. km2 should be m2.
         | 
         | Source:
         | https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid:1ed44c19...
         | page 17
        
       | notorandit wrote:
       | Dutch Genius at work.
        
       | vcdimension wrote:
       | Seems to me at first glance that this could make for a great
       | carbon offsetting scheme
        
       | atourgates wrote:
       | This is fascinating. Worth noting that there appear to be still
       | companies doing this today:
       | https://www.vanaalsburgbv.nl/en/zinkstuk/
        
       | nielsbot wrote:
       | Meta: Interesting that a site called "low tech magazine" also
       | appears to use "low tech" black/white dithered images... But I
       | imagine it's a style choice.
        
         | ashtonbaker wrote:
         | I think they do it to reduce image size and therefore power
         | consumption. Their server is solar powered.
        
           | isolli wrote:
           | Indeed: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29067118
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | > Willow wood becomes rock-hard underwater and almost doesn't
       | deteriorate. Research in the late 1960s showed that most fascine
       | mattresses submerged for more than 100 years -- some dating from
       | the early 1820s -- remained intact.
       | 
       | > Unlike most other tree species, willow tolerates saltwater and
       | (temporarily) wet feet. As such, the coppice plantations could
       | use land that was not suitable for agriculture.
       | 
       | > On impoverished soils, the Dutch planted alder trees between
       | the willow trees. The falling leaves of the alder fertilised the
       | soils and increased the lifespan and production of the willow
       | trees.
       | 
       | Building long-lasting critical infrastructure using locally-
       | sourced, carbon-negative resources! I have no idea about dykes
       | specifically but I suspect today someone pitching a public works
       | project based on woven willow would be laughed at -- and instead
       | we would insist on pouring some reinforced concrete, using
       | carbon-intensive cement, and it would begin falling apart from
       | rusted rebar in 15 years.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | What if we build it out of graphene instead?
         | 
         | There is an awful lot of knowledge that's been mostly discarded
         | because it doesn't fit the "modern, industrial, profit-driven
         | ways of thinking." Some of it is wrong, but an awful lot of it
         | is simply "not easily to scale with machinery to maximum
         | profits." Or, in some cases, just no longer considered stylish
         | (stainless steel vs brass in hospitals being a case of "the new
         | is literally worse than the old in every way that matters,
         | while looking new" - the copper in brass is a biocide).
         | 
         | It's probably worth picking up a printed copy or two of LTM...
         | modern society is running out of runway awfully fast.
        
           | abeppu wrote:
           | > What if we build it out of graphene instead?
           | 
           | I think the implication (that carbon negative local materials
           | are unscalable) is unfair. We haven't built anything huge
           | with graphene yet and the per-gram costs are still crazy
           | (e.g. on the order of $100/g). By comparison, this article is
           | about relatively large-scale projects that we actually did,
           | decades ago.
           | 
           | > Between 1954 and 1967, during works on the rivers
           | throughout the country, they sank 1,200,000 km2 fascine
           | mattresses to the bottom.
           | 
           | We're in a context where we simultaneously want to:
           | 
           | - build and replace infrastructure
           | 
           | - decrease our carbon footprint and go negative where
           | possible
           | 
           | - protect large coastal areas from storm impacts
           | 
           | - prevent further habitat loss and loss of ecological
           | diversity
           | 
           | And more recently we have become aware that sprawling
           | international supply chains are a liability.
           | 
           | I think more than just concerns over whether something scales
           | at maximum profit, we also have too much institutional
           | inertia. "If we pick different materials, will permitting and
           | oversight bodies be convinced about safety and longevity
           | claims? Will workers need to be retrained? Will the planning
           | process need to change? Better to just do what we've always
           | done; it's easier."
           | 
           | To be fair, I suppose I _have_ heard people talk about carbon
           | sequestration in cross-laminated timber for large buildings.
           | I have not heard people talk about being able to source that
           | timber locally, or in a way which is especially beneficial to
           | the land.
           | 
           | https://investingnews.com/daily/tech-
           | investing/nanoscience-i...
        
         | oasisbob wrote:
         | > I suspect today someone pitching a public works project based
         | on woven willow would be laughed at
         | 
         | Live fascine bundles and live stakes from willow are commonly
         | used riparian restoration techniques.
         | 
         | Less elaborate and smaller, but the technique is still very
         | much appreciated.
         | 
         | https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_PLANTMATERIALS/public...
        
       | peter_retief wrote:
       | Reminds me of the Roman cement that lasts for centuries as well.
       | The Dutch are interesting as they also have a strong agricultural
       | bent.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | I was just talking about that with someone. What makes it hold
         | up? And are we talking about the material used to construct
         | ancient structures like the Colosseum and aqueducts?
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | Something about crystal formation in the volcanic ash that
           | the cement is made from, reacting with the volcanic rock the
           | aggregate is made from. I'm not going to do it justice by
           | getting any more specific, so here's an article for layfolk,
           | and the associated journal article.
           | 
           | https://www.sciencealert.com/why-2-000-year-old-roman-
           | concre...
           | 
           | https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/msa/ammin/article/102/7/143.
           | ..
        
       | ExtraE wrote:
       | The battery indicator is neat, but it's distracting when it's
       | covering the whole page. Maybe couple ch of width in a sidebar
       | would be easier.
        
         | Arrath wrote:
         | Thanks, I had wondered what the two-tone background was for and
         | didn't notice the battery indicator off to the side.
        
       | akamoonknight wrote:
       | Enjoyable read overall. Always fascinating to see the human
       | ingenuity involved in problem solving. I might have missed it in
       | the article, but how do the fascine mattresses do the work of
       | helping keep back the sea? By breaking up waves before they reach
       | the shore?
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | They keep the soil of the dike in place, which would erode away
         | without the "mattress".
        
         | pacaro wrote:
         | The article is light on the actual function of the mattresses,
         | but my reading is that they served to prevent erosion, and
         | would prevent dykes and other structures from being undercut
        
       | singlow wrote:
       | So that underwater basket weaving course was not a fluff course
       | after all?
        
         | Guest42 wrote:
         | I remember that the top person in the math department in
         | college had transferred from dance because it was too
         | difficult.
         | 
         | They always present underwater basket weaving as being easy but
         | I imagine it'd be quite challenging.
        
           | qq4 wrote:
           | The idea is that underwater basket weaving has no utility in
           | the real world, not that it is easy.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | I had to drop the class because I couldn't hold my breath
           | long enough to do much weaving.
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | Of course it was! This is onshore basket weaving that's then
         | floated into position and sunk. Different department.
        
         | progre wrote:
         | For those who, like me, didn't get the joke:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_basket_weaving
        
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       (page generated 2021-11-04 23:00 UTC)