[HN Gopher] Smartbolts
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Smartbolts
        
       Author : tosh
       Score  : 241 points
       Date   : 2021-12-31 15:03 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.smartbolts.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.smartbolts.com)
        
       | RivieraKid wrote:
       | > Incredibly advanced. Surprisingly simple.
       | 
       | > Unmatched Benefits
       | 
       | > Unprecedented Value
       | 
       | They think they are Apple, lol.
        
       | asimjalis wrote:
       | How do SmartBolts work?
        
       | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
       | I don't ride rollercoasters but if I did I would want them to use
       | these.
        
         | qbasic_forever wrote:
         | I can guarantee a roller coaster track at any modern amusement
         | park in America is inspected far more frequently and is much
         | safer to travel on than the interstate highways and bridges
         | that get you to the parking lot.
        
         | avianlyric wrote:
         | SmartBolts won't help if nobody looks at them. Unfortunately
         | most rollercoaster accidents are caused by humans simply
         | failing inspect structures, ignoring the results of inspections
         | or disabling safety systems. Rather than inspections being too
         | difficult to perform.
        
       | blamazon wrote:
       | I'm a mechanical engineer - smartbolts are cool but rarely used
       | in my experience. Much more commonly used are DTI washers:
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_tension_indicator
       | 
       | Due to the washer style can be used with a wide range of
       | fasteners. The most common type, in my experience, due to the
       | ease of use, has a little bit of colored goo inside the arched
       | cells. The goo squirts out when the specified torque is reached.
       | 
       | That being said, there are a lot of approaches to this same
       | problem. Another common technique is breakaway bolts that are
       | driven with a piece that snaps away when a certain torque is
       | reached: https://youtu.be/lrCoi3gaLfU
        
         | lttlrck wrote:
         | Smartbolts seem to be useful in applications where there is an
         | expectation the bolts will loosen over time/the maintenance
         | lifetime, reducing/easing inspection time.
         | 
         | Similar to the tell-tales used on truck lug nuts:
         | https://www.dealsonwheels.co.nz/trucks/features/1302/new-tyr...
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | I need these in my garage door. I wonder how much more
           | expensive they are.
           | 
           | Edit: way too expensive.
           | 
           | https://www.mcmaster.com/smart-bolts/
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | $26+ each? Now I am curious which applications it does make
             | sense to use these in.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | blamazon wrote:
           | Installing to a known torque and painting a line on the
           | fastener is a lot less expensive, which becomes important
           | when your project has potentially tens of thousands of key
           | fasteners, like a bridge.
           | 
           | But for something like an MRI machine where there's fewer
           | fasteners and higher stakes - would make a lot of sense to
           | use Smartbolt I think.
           | 
           | Tangential: related to trucks, there is a somewhat similar
           | product to easily monitor tire pressure visually, which is
           | popular: https://www.linkmfg.com/products/specialty-
           | products/cats-eye
        
             | bumby wrote:
             | This is a common problem is aerospace with obvious
             | potential for bad consequences. The general approach is
             | safety wiring.[1]
             | 
             | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_wire
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | Yeah, a quality torque wrench isn't cheap (particularly the
             | kind you find in fixed installations like auto repair shops
             | and factories) but there's got to be some crossover when
             | you are buying enough bolts that you're better spending
             | money on tools that are more idiot proof.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | A problem with many torque wrenches is that they click
               | (or beep) when the set torque is reached, but they do not
               | prevent tightening beyond that, nor do they have any way
               | to indicate how much overtightened the fastener might be.
               | It seems to me that these bolts have the same issue.
               | 
               | Ever wonder why the tire shop has tightened your wheel
               | lug nuts so tight that you can't get them off with the
               | hand wrench when you need to change a tire? They spin
               | them on with a pneumatic impact wrench, and then "check"
               | the torque with a torque wrench. Of course it clicks,
               | because the nuts are already way too tight.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Slipper torque wrenches prevent over tightening
        
               | Thlom wrote:
               | That explains a lot. Had a tire shop tighten the bolts on
               | my old car so extremely tight that the threading on the
               | bolts were broken. Every time I changed the tires after
               | that I had to use a wrench with a looong bar attached to
               | loosen the bolts (In Norwegian we call this a
               | "latmannsarm which directly translates to lazy man arm,
               | not sure what the English word would be). No matter how
               | much grease or how much care I took to not tighten too
               | hard the bolts were stuck next season. Glad the car is
               | sold and not my problem anymore.
               | 
               | (I could of course have bought new bolts, but I always
               | forgot about it after spending 2 hours changing the tires
               | ...)
        
               | enragedcacti wrote:
               | in English we call that a Cheater bar, so it seems like
               | that has carried across pretty well :)
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheater_bar
        
               | auxym wrote:
               | Adding on to that, tensioning bolts using torque is
               | convenient and inexpensive but not very accurate at all.
               | Some data reproduced in Shigley's Mechanical Engineering
               | Design showed a +/- 30% variation in tension for properly
               | torqued bolts, if my memory is correct.
               | 
               | Emphasis on properly torqued: in the field threads or
               | bolt heads might be dirty, or torque wrenches might be
               | out of calibration, adding even more uncertainty.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | If you look at a tire from the side, you can precisely see
             | the bulge of the tire, which I do all the time to check the
             | pressure.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | ominous_prime wrote:
             | A problem with installation is that torque is only a proxy
             | for tension. Torque alone is not incredibly accurate, so
             | there are a lot of cases that could benefit from an easier
             | way to accurately indicate tension than by externally
             | measuring the stretch of the bolt (which often is not an
             | option)
        
               | blamazon wrote:
               | True, but this caveat is generally pre-empted in design
               | phase through safety factor principles - multiply certain
               | design parameters by a coefficient greater than 1 to
               | account for the inaccuracy in things like torque-tension
               | correlation.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Even where you can't measure the stretch directly,
               | torque-plus-angle is a better way to achieve consistent
               | stretch than torque alone.
        
           | Freak_NL wrote:
           | Ah; so that's what those are for. I've seen them on lorry
           | wheels, but never got around to formulating a sensible query
           | for a search engine. These becoming commonplace seems like a
           | recent thing (as in last decade or so).
        
         | mojomark wrote:
         | Out of curiosity, on a somewhat related topic, have you tried
         | nord-lock washers [1] in any of your applications? We looked at
         | them for a small work boat we designed and built, but they were
         | a bit pricey and it was just a prototype, so we ended up just
         | using a dab of lock tight to avoid vibration. Was always
         | curious to find someone who had practical experience with these
         | things. I may use them on an upcoming autonomous boat project
         | where there's nobody around to do rounds and tighten loose
         | bolts that have shaken loose unexpectedly.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.nord-lock.com/nord-lock/products/washers/
        
           | auxym wrote:
           | When I worked on railway vehicles (bogies for passengers
           | vehicles, more accurately), Nord locks (or equivalent clones)
           | were standard on all structural joints.
           | 
           | Especially on a prototype I'd recommend them. Prototypes are
           | really expensive, a complete supply of Nord locks for your
           | project is probably less than a single one-off CNC part.
           | 
           | Note that Nord locks are specced to be single use. Not that
           | I've never reused some on prototypes, but, well, I'd never do
           | it on a life-critical joint that is meant to be taken apart
           | often.
        
             | mojomark wrote:
             | > Nord locks (or equivalent clones) were standard on all
             | structural joints.
             | 
             | > Especially on a prototype I'd recommend them.
             | 
             | > I'd never do it on a life-critical joint that is meant to
             | be taken apart often.
             | 
             | Very good/helpful feedback. This thread is giving me much
             | more confidence to make the extra upfront investment.
             | Thanks!
        
           | blamazon wrote:
           | I have used Nord-lock washers, they are demonstrated to be
           | one of, if not the most effective thread locking washer
           | devices under heavy vibration, but as you say they are quite
           | pricey. I would certainly recommend them if you have the
           | time/cost budget, especially for something like an autonomous
           | boat where vibration is expected and routine inspection is
           | challenging or impossible.
           | 
           | When I've used them, it's been for critical fasteners where
           | ease of assembly was important, and could not be effectively
           | decoupled from vibration, and where our recommended
           | inspection/maintenance cycle was not guaranteed.
           | 
           | You might also consider something like a pinned castle nut,
           | or safety wire, etc. These are not as simple to specify or
           | install but more cost effective. Also, I've seen safety wire
           | used as a conductive link to detect failure in a remote
           | application.
        
             | rsync wrote:
             | "I have used Nord-lock washers, they are demonstrated to be
             | one of the most effective thread locking devices under
             | heavy vibration, but as you say they are quite pricey."
             | 
             | Which is odd, given their simplicity and ease of
             | manufacture, etc.
             | 
             | Can you get them stainless or just HDG ?
        
               | blamazon wrote:
               | You can get them in various stainless alloys. My
               | understanding is they have a really defensible patent.
        
               | auxym wrote:
               | Their patent might have expired? Im not aware of the
               | situation but these seem to be an identical product:
               | https://heico-lock.us/
        
             | mojomark wrote:
             | > I would certainly recommend them
             | 
             | > When I've used them, it's been for critical fasteners
             | where ease of assembly was important, and could not be
             | effectively decoupled from vibration, and where our
             | recommended inspection/maintenance cycle was not
             | guaranteed.
             | 
             | Taken to heart - sincerely appreciate the insight!
        
           | smegsicle wrote:
           | Their promotional video on the Junker test is pretty cool:
           | https://yewtu.be/watch?v=IKwWu2w1gGk
        
         | taneq wrote:
         | The thing about torques is that they're often written into
         | safety standards, and safety standards often have to explicitly
         | detail how critical values are measured. So until fancy bolts
         | are recognised in the current standards as best practice for
         | confirming correct torquing (are they? I dunno), it's gonna be
         | really hard to get them into production.
        
         | pimlottc wrote:
         | > I'm a mechanical engineer - smartbolts are cool but rarely
         | used in my experience. Much more commonly used are DTI washers:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_tension_indicator
         | 
         | Here's an (old) video showing how DTIs work:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s677UKFiRdA&t=60s
        
         | maxmcd wrote:
         | Nice video of the colored goo in action:
         | https://youtu.be/5BMQE5XnKww?t=372
         | 
         | Breakaway bolts are discussed/demonstrated a few seconds
         | earlier.
        
           | blamazon wrote:
           | Fireball Tool is a great YouTube channel! I recommend it for
           | any hackers interested in fabrication. The content is very
           | approachable.
        
           | jcims wrote:
           | Thanks for the link, looks like a great channel!
        
           | kortex wrote:
           | Release the schmoo!
           | 
           | That is pretty neat. The Wikipedia page on DTI does a pretty
           | poor job of describing how they work, so thank you for the
           | visual.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | I'm not an ME or anything, but it would seem washers attest to
         | pressure (tension) at some point in time (when the nut was
         | tightened -unless the washer is "springy", which I doubt as it
         | seems it simply yields at some point), whereas smartbolts
         | attest to the tension when you look at them --so during
         | maintenance and not only during installation, so from that PoV,
         | they are more useful (informative).
        
           | blamazon wrote:
           | That's true, but you can have a qualified inspector mark
           | bolts with goo with a paint line that straddles to the
           | fastening surface. Then you can just inspect the paint line
           | for movement, which gets you most of the same functionality
           | at significantly lower cost.
           | 
           | Of course, that requires a trustworthy inspector, which is
           | one application where smartbolts become useful, if you don't
           | have a trustworthy inspector available at install time. But
           | many projects that have importantly torqued fasteners
           | (bridges, buildings, rollercoasters) have certified
           | inspectors anyway... which is why smartbolts are a niche
           | product I think.
           | 
           | Speaking to the trust problem - if you trust the operator of
           | the torquing install device, you don't need fancy torque
           | indication at all, just mark the paint line at install. That
           | is the most cost effective.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | Yes, that seems like a cheaper option; however, I think
             | when you have constant stresses over time, bolts can
             | stretch or simply parts can wear over time and a paint
             | score or even a frozen nut won't reveal lessened tension.
             | Though maybe in this case the issue would have become a
             | concern way before the bolts start to indicate a problem?
        
               | blamazon wrote:
               | Interestingly that has kind of moved upstream to a design
               | phase consideration in modern times due to the incredible
               | depth of understanding we have about materials.
               | Structures can be designed such that their expected
               | loading will not stress fasteners beyond their 'yield
               | strength', which is well characterized.
               | 
               | Fatigue complicates the analysis, but we understand that
               | too nowadays, although that is an understanding forged by
               | many unfortunate consequences, such as:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloha_Airlines_Flight_243
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | Maybe the following has been designed out; however, I've
               | on occasion seen the following wear pattern which
               | compromises the initial strength of a fastener (usually
               | due to friction over time):
               | _         _    _______| |       _| |__/         |      |
               | ______  |      |_  ____/      |_|        |_|
        
               | blamazon wrote:
               | First, I love the plain text diagram! (Edit: not fatigue)
               | This failure should be predictable during the design
               | phase and that fastener is either wrongly specified or
               | should have a recommended number of cycles after which it
               | should be inspected and replaced if found to be out of
               | specification.
               | 
               | Of course, many items in our built world do not receive
               | the same level of design scrutiny as I would wish, nor
               | the maintenance regime...
        
               | auxym wrote:
               | Unless I'm misunderstanding the diagram, it does not look
               | like fatigue at all but rather yielding from shear
               | loading.
               | 
               | The definition of fatigue is a small crack (in fact
               | microscopic in the beginning) that grows through the
               | application of cyclical loading (typically about 10k
               | cycles is the lower bound for high cycle fatigue, which
               | does not involve macro yielding).
               | 
               | Thus a fatigue failure would look like a fully ruptured
               | part , usually with two distinct zones of the fracture
               | face: one smooth zone from crack growth ( sometimes with
               | characteristic "beach marks") and the final sudden
               | rupture which is usually rough.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | What I was trying to convey, which I didn't do well in
               | the diagram, was you have a bolt holding two plates
               | together or a splice, and you have wear on the bolt shank
               | -not necessarily shearing.
        
               | blamazon wrote:
               | You are correct, I had a brain fart.
        
             | lbhdc wrote:
             | The paint line is the most common method I have seen. I was
             | an inspector and for fasteners in a critical load path we
             | would use an ultrasound machine to measure the length of
             | the bolt (these were installed in flange like connections).
             | We would measure them when first installed and compare
             | measurements after that piece of equipment was used.
             | 
             | For really critical components we would disassemble them
             | after every use and would perform multiple tests on each
             | piece including fasteners.
        
             | mrjin wrote:
             | Totally agree. And two cents to add. The so called smart
             | bolt adds movable parts in side a part supposed to be
             | inertia and at the same time might compromise the strength
             | in comparison with ones with the same profile and body
             | material. And when faulty, it actually more dangerous than
             | ordinary ones: now your torque wrench and the bolt gives
             | different readings, which one to trust?
        
             | usrusr wrote:
             | That line is fine if the bolt winding itself loose is your
             | only failure scenario, but some might have others as well.
             | What of they clamp a part that can subtly deform in certain
             | exceptional situations? Then you could have a bolt with
             | zero tension that is still perfectly aligned with the
             | marker line from when it was properly torqued.
             | 
             | What I find somewhat surprising is that they make the "ok"
             | indication black. The cry for attention state in red seems
             | nicely intuitive at first glance, but given the market they
             | serve they should be far more concerned with false
             | negatives than with false positives and I imagine that it
             | would be very easy for dirt or bad lighting to make a red
             | indicator remain unnoticed in an inspection. Perhaps the
             | color choice is an inherent property of the chemistry
             | involved?
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | Just curious = how do these SmartBolts handle under full
         | tension load AND fire conditions...
         | 
         | You have effectively drilled out the core of a bolt and
         | replaced it with "goo" and you are using this as an indicator
         | of the health of that fastening node?
         | 
         | So what if you burn out the goo? What if you get
         | side/compression damage on the device -- what does the thing do
         | when you over-tight/strip?
         | 
         | isnt a "goo core" less structurally strong than a solid bolt?
         | Is a bolt tightened to a setting using a SmartBolt vs a regular
         | bolt with tension wrench going to manage the same loads or not?
        
           | avianlyric wrote:
           | > isnt a "goo core" less structurally strong than a solid
           | bolt?
           | 
           | Yes, the oil used in the centre offers zero structural
           | support.
           | 
           | > Is a bolt tightened to a setting using a SmartBolt vs a
           | regular bolt with tension wrench going to manage the same
           | loads or not?
           | 
           | Depends on what the original bolt is made out of, and what
           | the SmartBolt is made out of. Two different bolts are always
           | going to have different properties, it up to the designer to
           | match the size and strength of the bolt to their application.
           | You would need to validate you design with SmartBolts to
           | ensure they have the properties demanded by your application,
           | you wouldn't just swap normal bolts for SmartBolts without
           | making sure SmartBolts were at least as strong as the
           | original bolts.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | The idea has been around since at least 1971.
         | 
         | https://archive.org/details/PopularMechanics1971/Popular%20M...
        
         | asah wrote:
         | (not an engineer) I watched the video - smartbolts seem a lot
         | more time & labor efficient and can be tested visually?
        
       | dominicdoty wrote:
       | I've always liked ultrasonic bolt length measurement as the ultra
       | high reliability way of measuring preload.
       | 
       | It can also be used for confirming the correct preload is still
       | present, with the downside of having to track the original length
       | of every fastener (which isn't really a big deal in high
       | reliability applications)
        
         | rsync wrote:
         | I consult with a seismic expert at UC Berkeley about once
         | yearly and he's pretty cavalier about pre-loading ...
         | 
         | Which is to say, he wants me to "pre-load the shit out of it".
         | 
         | Which is to say, our "indicator" is that we start to bend the
         | HDB with the threaded rod. For instance, if we have two of
         | these, horizontally, on either end of threaded rod:
         | 
         | https://www.strongtie.com/boltedholdowns_holdowns/hdb_holdow...
         | 
         | ... he tells me to tighten that threaded rod between them until
         | we just start to see the hold downs bend (toward each other).
         | 
         | So, not very scientific at all, but easy to tell that you're
         | pre-loaded ...
        
       | noughtme wrote:
       | Some crazy canuck cut one in half to show how they (don't) work:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClPwlpa86bY
        
         | arminiusreturns wrote:
         | Really informative comment on that video:
         | 
         | "Nice video. Couple of points: 1: As per the title of your
         | video, its worth emphasizing that these are tension indicating
         | bolts, not torque indicating bolts. 2: With any bolted
         | connection its the tension that is important. Whilst torque and
         | tension should be correlated, that relationship varies
         | considerably from bolt to bolt, lubricant to lubricant, hot to
         | cold, state of corrosion etc... 3: So a bolt torqued to say
         | 100NM may well have a tension variance of over 100%. The result
         | is that bolts are often over or under tensioned, which can
         | compromise the entire bolted connection. 4: Bolts like this
         | (I've personally used Rotabolts, which are similar in concept
         | but in my opinion better as they rely on a mechanical
         | indication rather than a subjective color hue.) are very useful
         | for certain applications, for example, sub-sea connections
         | where divers have limited time and feeling, and sea conditions
         | affect the bolt lubrication. 5: Other uses are for ensuring
         | correct bolted connections on sensitive flanges, again offshore
         | and sub-sea sees a lot of this. 6: Bolts like this are, in
         | summary, brilliant for when you need a good quality bolted
         | connection with correctly tensioned bolts. For most
         | applications however they are unnecessary. Keep up the good
         | work! :-)" - drawingboard82
         | 
         | Side note: youtube mobile when I tried to copy the comment
         | wants me to sign in, to just copy a comment! wtf youtube! I
         | just opened it in newspipe instead and copied from there
        
           | xyzzyz wrote:
           | One thing missing here, but talked about (albeit not very
           | clearly) in the video is that it's not even a tension
           | indicator, but rather, _extension_ indicator. As long as we
           | are in elastic regime, tension and extension are the same
           | thing (Hooke's law). However, once you go beyond it, tension
           | goes down even as extension goes up. This is what the canuck
           | meant when he talks about people tightening the loose bolt by
           | giving it extra tweak, around minute 3:40 in the video. Once
           | you leave the elastic regime, the bolt holding strength is
           | permanently reduced, and by periodic tightening, sooner or
           | later you'll see it yield altogether.
        
         | connor4312 wrote:
         | When you said "some crazy canuck", I immediately knew it must
         | be AvE
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | If you think the head of a bolt with an indentation in it is
       | going to stay clean, especially one that has to stay tight, then
       | you have not held a wrench often enough, my friend.
       | 
       | Once that red spot gets dirty, you're not going to be able to
       | tell if it's brick red because it's loose, or brick red because
       | it has dirt on it. It's probably going to take you longer to
       | clean the bolt than to get the torque wrench on it.
        
         | ycIsGarbage wrote:
         | Most dirt isn't red though. I'd worry more about dirt
         | _obscuring_ the red and making it look black.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Look at the pictures on the website and I think you'll follow
           | me.
           | 
           | I was thinking of brown specifically but black has the same
           | effect. When it's partially covered the color will be the
           | average of the two. Probably black if it's near pavement,
           | brown if exposed to nature.
        
       | dmkolobov wrote:
       | I was one of the folks who put together the steel for a
       | waterslide in a certain amusement park in California. Our method
       | consisting of putting a mark across the bolt and nut after
       | tightening it all the way down with a spud wrench, and then using
       | a breaker bar until the mark on the nut was at the 4 o'clock
       | position( or maybe it was 8, I don't recall ).
       | 
       | The inspectors would then use a telescope to check every mark.
       | Completely blew my mind that they relied on this method, rather
       | than something that measured the force directly.
        
         | choonway wrote:
         | or you could use a drone with a sufficiently zoomed in and
         | stabilized camera.
        
           | dmkolobov wrote:
           | Totally, but the crazy part is that there is nothing
           | preventing you from making these marks without following the
           | appropriate tightening procedure. When the project is several
           | months late and people are working 16 hour days, the
           | temptation to cut corners is high.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | > making these marks without following the appropriate
             | tightening procedure
             | 
             | If you didn't torque the bolt tight enough then it will
             | come loose sooner, and the lines won't line up. I'm sure
             | there are situations where the torque of the bolt is
             | critical for handling peak load on the system, but for a
             | lot of situations where a torque wrench keeps you from
             | damaging by over-tightening, and makes sure you got it
             | tight enough that it stays tight.
             | 
             | I should say there's one other failure mode a torque wrench
             | can test that that the paint doesn't by itself, and that's
             | a failing bolt. If you've ever seen a broken bolt, and the
             | entire surface isn't uniformly shiny, then you've seen a
             | bolt that cracked a long time ago and then failed recently.
             | That crack is going to show up as less torque. So if the
             | bolt hasn't spun but the torque has dropped, you might have
             | a problem, rather than having a freak incident where the
             | nut spun exactly 360deg since you checked it last.
             | 
             | I could see an argument for using paint and smartbolts for
             | fasteners with epic failure modes, like people dying or
             | generators exploding.
        
               | dmkolobov wrote:
               | Is it standard for there to be a follow-up bolt
               | inspection some time after the initial assembly? This was
               | a one-time gig for us, as we were welders by trade and
               | boss-man got the contract from a family friend, so I'm
               | not familiar with inspection standards.
               | 
               | For what it's worth, we tightened all the bolts down
               | according to the procedure, despite pressure from boss-
               | man to do otherwise for a few of them.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | I haven't wrenched professionally for anything bigger
               | than a bicycle, and in that case one of the most
               | expensive components (labor and parts) can be damaged
               | immediately by too much torque or over time by not
               | enough, so you did not want to do that without a torque
               | wrench. Or at least not until you had muscle memory for
               | what 'enough' felt like.
               | 
               | On bikes, car repair and a few other items, mine and
               | others, I've seen sheared off bolts. In at least two of
               | those I was involved with the tightening prior to
               | failure, and the lightbulb moment where we figured out
               | why the sequence of events made sense.
        
       | dalrympm wrote:
       | I would love to see these on chair lifts. I wonder if the
       | indicators can remain valid with the types of temperature swings
       | you see on a ski mountain.
        
         | rsync wrote:
         | In my experience, the most common safety practice on chairlift
         | (poles) is a double-nut. It's very common to see all through
         | North America - no washer, just two nuts stacked.
         | 
         | I've never inspected them to see if they have indicators
         | painted on, etc. - one would assume they should ...
        
           | dalrympm wrote:
           | I've also noticed that the nuts go on top. I've always
           | wondered if this was so it was completely obvious if a bolt
           | dropped out (i.e. sunlight coming through the hole).
        
       | sfifs wrote:
       | Seems like something that would be very useful for furniture or
       | mechanisms that are self assembled like Ikea, chairs etc by
       | regular people. Easy visual inspection when things are loose.
        
         | ycIsGarbage wrote:
         | Way too expensive for that kind of application.
        
       | karaterobot wrote:
       | It's annoying that, as you scroll down the page, the bolt
       | animates to show it turning, but it scrolls out of view before it
       | gets to the point where the _main feature of the product would be
       | shown_.
        
         | disposableuname wrote:
         | Not just me, then. I played around with scroll, with zoom,
         | doing everything I could to try to see the actual main feature.
        
       | alhirzel wrote:
       | This reminds me of frangibolts: https://www.ebad.com/tini-
       | frangibolt/
       | 
       | Conop: an electric heater temporarily modifies the crystal
       | structure and axially overloads the bolt, breaking it. We used
       | these on a satellite that I worked on with deployable panels.
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | At Boeing, I learned that bolts should be lubricated before
       | torquing them in order to ensure an accurate torque. I initially
       | thought wouldn't the lubrication allow the bolt to unwind itself?
       | Surprisingly, no.
       | 
       | Since then, on my car, I always put a bit of grease on a bolt
       | beforehand. It keeps the water out, preventing the bolt from
       | rusting itself together. It makes for an accurate torque. I've
       | never had one unscrew itself, and I can always get the lug nuts
       | off!
       | 
       | Of course, you still need to use lock washers. For critical
       | bolts, use a cotter pin or a safety wire.
        
         | smiley1437 wrote:
         | I've always read that lubricating the threads can cause over-
         | tensioning of the bolt if you torque it to the (typically)
         | unlubricated torque spec:
         | 
         | https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/torque-lubrication-effect...
         | 
         | If you are measuring the bolt tension directly then it doesn't
         | matter but torque is only a proxy for tension.
        
         | globular-toast wrote:
         | I grease all the threads on my bicycle ever since I had a
         | bottom bracket seize into a frame and lost the frame. I have
         | heard that you shouldn't grease lug nuts on a car, though. I'm
         | not sure why, so take it with a a large pinch of salt. It might
         | be simply because most people don't regularly check the torque
         | on the nuts and in that case it's more desirable to have them
         | seize than fail.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | I've been doing this for 40 years. I've never had a lug nut
           | loosen, or rust in place.
           | 
           | But this, of course, is anecdotal data. Do what you judge is
           | best for your situation.
        
             | auxym wrote:
             | Anecdotally, I've been using loctite C5A (copper anti-
             | seize) on lug nuts for years without an issue. I also
             | torque them to the manufacturer spec with a torque wrench
             | twice a year (when I switch summer/winter tires).
        
           | frosted-flakes wrote:
           | I think it's because torque specs for cars assume
           | unlubricated threads. If you lubricate them and torque them
           | to spec, you'll overtighten them.
        
       | gannon- wrote:
       | Could be interesting to apply this to crew boats which A) people
       | are used to paying a lot for the equipment and B) people often
       | have to assemble and disassemble with bolts, and loose bolts are
       | certainly a point of failure during a race.
        
       | hexnuts wrote:
       | We need self sealing stem bolts.
        
         | jamesakirk wrote:
         | Got anything to trade for them?
        
           | tadfisher wrote:
           | Just 500 liters of yamok sauce.
        
       | moreati wrote:
       | In the UK (and elsewhere?) Lorry tyres have plastic caps on the
       | bolts, with arrows aligned to each other in pairs, or some
       | regular pattern. It's easy to see at a glance if a bolt has
       | loosened.
       | 
       | e.g. https://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/29690/what-
       | are...
        
       | GistNoesis wrote:
       | I am surprised there aren't already some chip for it, or is there
       | ?
       | 
       | Something based on RF-energy harvesting, you beam it with radio
       | waves, it uses the energy to take a pressure measurement and send
       | you back the result, along with the id of the bolt. And you
       | inspect all your factory bolts in a matter of seconds, and
       | everything is nicely logged, even those hard to inspect bolts.
       | 
       | To measure the pressure either some piezo-resistance, or some
       | capacive-sensing between two washer separated by a squeezie
       | dielectric (Could a FR4 pcb-washer hold the pressure ?), or an
       | integrated MEMS-pressure sensor.
       | 
       | If your technician needs to tighten the bolt, he has to get close
       | so he can transmit more RF energy so you can even have a led,
       | that could turn on when the pressure is right.
        
         | Breadmaker wrote:
         | there is: IoT bolts
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29123301
        
       | thom wrote:
       | No pricing on the site, but I hope it's in the region of five
       | thousand wrappages of Cardassian yamok sauce for a hundred gross.
        
         | oneplane wrote:
         | I think the bolts listed in the article are less expensive than
         | self-sealing stem bolts.
        
           | jrockway wrote:
           | They're "contact us for pricing" which basically means you
           | can't afford them.
        
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