[HN Gopher] I Built a Shed (2020)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       I Built a Shed (2020)
        
       Author : eduardosasso
       Score  : 224 points
       Date   : 2022-01-02 16:30 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (eduardosasso.co)
 (TXT) w3m dump (eduardosasso.co)
        
       | thecrumb wrote:
       | Awesome! I bought a storage shed this summer and finished out the
       | inside. Was perfect timing with the cost of lumber increase LOL.
        
       | pengwing wrote:
       | Would you be interested in purchasing this partially pre-build
       | and delivered to you?
       | 
       | (pre-painted, Including windows, door, insulation, electrical and
       | Ethernet wiring, fire-proof compliance, able to resist heavy
       | rain)
       | 
       | Six elements total, clickable into each other. Assembly time
       | under one hour.
        
         | kingkawn wrote:
         | The point is to build it yourself
        
           | pengwing wrote:
           | For some. For others it isn't.
        
       | lonele wrote:
       | Good to see that now neighbours towards backyard can review your
       | Merge requests as well.
        
         | cf100clunk wrote:
         | PRO TIP: any standalone WFH structure should integrate a
         | Faraday Cage.
        
       | wforfang wrote:
       | I enjoyed reading that! Great job.
        
       | mwattsun wrote:
       | A lot of people in Santa Cruz are building secondary buildings on
       | their property since the city loosened the rules to help with the
       | housing crisis in the area.
        
       | atlgator wrote:
       | Is the roof slanted in the right direction? You are sending the
       | water toward your house instead of away from it. This might
       | create drainage problems in flash flood conditions.
        
         | readthenotes1 wrote:
         | Any thoughts on the color selection?
        
           | gertlex wrote:
           | I noticed that selecting text on the article doesn't change
           | colors. Probably not what you're referring to :)
           | 
           | (I enjoyed the article.)
        
             | streblo wrote:
             | https://bikeshed.org/
        
         | CodeGlitch wrote:
         | Also in the UK it's against regulation to have a wooden
         | structure so close to a residential property... Although this
         | is the US where most properties are made of wood... So probably
         | no such rule?
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Buildings that overlap are often seen as attempt to make an
           | addition without the right permits. They have zero sense of
           | humor about that over here either.
           | 
           | Since the wall of this building is actually under the roof
           | line, they'll make him tear this down or reroof his house to
           | move it four inches over (although that might take a permit
           | too, since you're changing the roofline). Tearing it down is
           | cheaper.
           | 
           | He may also be violating setbacks from the edge of the
           | property, but those have been diluted here so frequently in
           | large cities that he might be okay.
        
           | ErrantX wrote:
           | Your fine if it's under (iirc) 2m. The only hard rule is in
           | front of your property line.
        
           | pkaye wrote:
           | That is also the case in my area of the US. The wooden
           | structure must be a certain distance from the house, fence,
           | etc. However smaller structure don't need a permit so people
           | just ignore the rules if space is tight. And some areas don't
           | have strict enforcement of the building code particularly
           | rural areas. But those properties tend to have lots of space.
        
         | singlow wrote:
         | It is usually against code to shed water toward the property
         | line from that distance, so that may be the only option.
        
           | yashap wrote:
           | Could maybe slant it parallel to the house? Towards the
           | photographer in these photos - not directly at either the
           | house or the property line.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Well then he'd get wet going into the shed. He might not
             | mind but his equipment will. Toward the fence or back would
             | be better.
             | 
             | I also wonder from a water damage standpoint if he vented
             | this or he's counting on the door for ventilation. That
             | won't always be open.
        
           | kordlessagain wrote:
           | There is already impervious coverage on the ground, sloped
           | that way. This shed does nothing to change that, and it's not
           | attached to the ground. If you really want to get away with
           | this from a code standpoint, put wheels on it.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | It looks like it's designed to fit under of the eves of the
         | house while still providing head room and there is a down pipe
         | on the house that the shed can hook into sharing the soakway.
        
       | throwaway984393 wrote:
       | Congrats! It will probably take me 5x as long to build the same
       | thing because I'm a perfectionist who's always hemming and hawing
       | over changing plans or the right way to do things. It definitely
       | feels awesome once you complete it though.
        
       | wedn3sday wrote:
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | sagivo wrote:
       | I'm still surprised there are no DIY backyard offices out there
       | to purchase
        
       | porknubbins wrote:
       | Really enjoyed reading this and have always wanted to try. The
       | aesthetics came out better than I expected from a backyard shed
       | too. It seems like you got most stuff cut to size but I'm
       | wondering what power tools were required other than a nail gun I
       | assume.
        
       | vhodges wrote:
       | In a lot of places, buildings less than 100'sq do not need
       | permitting. https://www.redcoverstudios.com/blog/md100-plans-for-
       | modern-... are plans for one such out building.
        
       | uwagar wrote:
       | house > shed
       | 
       | shed > ?
        
         | aliswe wrote:
         | a shed is better than nothing.
        
       | pengwing wrote:
       | If you are interested in this, could you please answer two
       | questions (warning: My lack of understanding is usually
       | offensive):
       | 
       | - Do you regret having children?
       | 
       | - Do you regret living together with your spouse?
        
         | dev_tty01 wrote:
         | So, by your thinking, anyone who leaves the home to go work in
         | an office regrets having children and regrets living with their
         | spouse. Yes, I agree with you, your lack of understanding is
         | offensive.
        
           | pengwing wrote:
           | I appreciate the downvotes as they confirm the emotional
           | damage, but I am not a fan of misusing logical implications.
           | 
           | Obviously, in a pre-Covid world leaving your home to go to
           | work was simply the societal expectation of how to acquire an
           | income. WFH mostly came with economic downsides (lower
           | salary, no promotions).
           | 
           | During Covid and post-Covid it's quite an interesting
           | question why somebody would voluntarily lobby to add unpaid
           | work time in the form of a commute to their day.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | I'm in a similar situation and also built something similar for
         | an office during covid. I definitely don't regret having
         | children or living with my spouse, and we actually decided to
         | have a third child (now 6m) during covid.
        
           | pengwing wrote:
           | Was it more about the building process for you or more about
           | the usage afterwards?
        
             | jefftk wrote:
             | I enjoyed building it, but the primary motivation was to
             | have the additional space
        
               | pengwing wrote:
               | So basically there was no dedicated room inside the house
               | for WFH before?
               | 
               | When you use your shed, what are the aspects that you
               | came to value? E.g. is it more about the feeling of
               | nature (because the garden is much closer) or is it more
               | about the sound-separation from the rest of the home? Or
               | would you be as happy with a dedicated room within your
               | house?
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | _> So basically there was no dedicated room inside the
               | house for WFH before?_
               | 
               | I was previously working from our bedroom. The main
               | downside was if I wanted to start working while my wife
               | was still asleep.
               | 
               |  _> When you use your shed, what are the aspects that you
               | came to value? E.g. is it more about the feeling of
               | nature (because the garden is much closer) or is it more
               | about the sound-separation from the rest of the home? Or
               | would you be as happy with a dedicated room within your
               | house?_
               | 
               | Sound separation, and not needing to work for my room
               | that also has another purpose. But a dedicated room with
               | in a house is better for me, and when one became
               | available I started working from there instead of the
               | shed.
        
               | pengwing wrote:
               | Interesting. Thanks for sharing your experiences. Did you
               | do extra-preparation on the extra room that is now
               | available to you? E.g. foaming walls or door to have the
               | same level of sound separation?
               | 
               | Which direction of sound separation is more important to
               | you, incoming sound (not being disturbed) or outgoing
               | sound (not disturbing sleeping people with your work)?
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | I am not particularly noise sensitive, so the amount of
               | sound separation you get just by being in a separate room
               | is usually enough for me.
               | 
               | The shed has excellent noise separation, however, which
               | occasionally has been useful in letting friends work
               | there for a while.
        
               | pengwing wrote:
               | How do you handle something highly noise sensitive like
               | baby crying in another room while being on a Zoom call?
        
       | wedn3sday wrote:
       | Came here expecting some classic bikeshedding, was not
       | disappointed.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Underphil wrote:
         | Are you able to elaborate? Do you mean in the article or in the
         | comments?
        
           | aliswe wrote:
           | allthe "this is not to code" comments i guess
        
             | 41b696ef1113 wrote:
             | Municipal codes are written in blood. Little of the
             | feedback I am seeing is negative about the trivial details.
        
             | jefftk wrote:
             | Bikeshedding is arguing about stuff that doesn't matter
             | (ex: color). Pointing out that something is built
             | dangerously is not bikeshedding.
        
       | mdani wrote:
       | I would probably reroute the end of the rain sprout on the left
       | side of the shed away from the shed, since it would put lots of
       | water at the base of the shed whenever it rains, weakening the
       | base of the shed.
        
       | beamatronic wrote:
       | It's my life's dream to do a project like this.
        
         | Underphil wrote:
         | What is stopping you?
        
       | ricardobayes wrote:
       | What about HVAC? This structure will be unbearable in the summer
       | months.
        
         | agentwiggles wrote:
         | You could cool it really nicely with a small mini split system.
        
       | idlewords wrote:
       | Close reading suggests this should be titled "my wife and I built
       | a shed".
        
       | manicennui wrote:
       | Michael Pollan wrote a book about the office that he built for
       | himself.
       | 
       | https://michaelpollan.com/books/a-place-of-my-own/
        
       | cf100clunk wrote:
       | Check your insurance coverage! Erecting a structure that does not
       | meet local electrical and building codes, zoning bylaws, etc. may
       | either threaten or void your insurance. In the event of the worst
       | case scenario (fire, flood, collapse, etc.) you will likely not
       | get a payout.
        
       | Grakel wrote:
       | Cool! A coat of gloss will make your exterior paint last a lot
       | longer and seal everything better. A nice exterior gloss paint is
       | like a skin for your walls.
       | 
       | Anybody looking to do this, you could probably go 8x8 for the
       | same money, plywood comes 4x8 and most lumber comes in 8'
       | lengths.
        
         | thecrumb wrote:
         | Yes! When I bought my shed I didn't consider 4x8 dimensions and
         | it bit me in the end when finishing it out.
        
           | throwaway984393 wrote:
           | You can also go to your local reused building materials store
           | and see what they've got, and change your plans around a bit
           | to fit those materials. You might find a bundle of boards not
           | quite 8'/16' but could save you a pretty penny (and it just
           | helps the environment)
        
       | pagana wrote:
       | There is a beautifully illustrated book on just this topic: How
       | to Build a Shed by Sally Coulthard (https://www.amazon.com/How-
       | Build-Shed-Sally-Coulthard/dp/178...).
       | 
       | The instructions are so well-designed that it's a pleasure to
       | read even if you're not completing the project.
        
         | runjake wrote:
         | That is the same book the author of the post mentions at the
         | top of the article.
         | 
         | No need to re-recommend it. We read the article :-)
        
       | antisthenes wrote:
       | I can't decide what's worse.
       | 
       | The fact that you need a shoddily built (I'd be ashamed to post
       | something like this on the internet) 6x6 shed to work in, while
       | you have a perfectly fine house right next to it.
       | 
       | Or how many fear-mongering code NIMBYs there are in this thread.
       | Some even threatening to doxx the OP. Yikes. Do you guys know how
       | much legacy not-up-to-code housing stock there is across the
       | country, that's actually dangerous to inhabit? And you chose to
       | cry wolf about an accessory structure CA?
        
       | hermitcrab wrote:
       | When we bought our house it came with a run-down 'summer house'
       | in the garden. We had it plastered and insulated and added a
       | laminate floor. We ran an armoured electricity cable from the
       | house through a trench and attached it to the house alarm system.
       | We then got the an 'L' shaped desk custom built by a neighbour
       | (who is a joiner). Heating is provided by an electrically powered
       | radiator. I've been working there now (as a 1-man-band software
       | product company) for the last 11 years. It's been great.
        
       | CodeGlitch wrote:
       | Was going to mention that not way is that roof steep enough for
       | water run off, but I see he encountered that problem already.
       | 
       | Also isn't this going to get really hot in the summer? A small
       | air con unit could work well with a hole cut for the vent?
        
       | stevenhubertron wrote:
       | I was considering doing something similar this spring, but
       | instead of trenching my yard I was considering solar and just a
       | small mesh network to get to the corner of my backyard, maybe 300
       | feet from the house. My thought was that it would be an office
       | and reading area. Perhaps a place to nap away from the kiddo as
       | well :)
        
       | japhyr wrote:
       | Minor etymological note: the word _plumb_ describes something
       | that 's hanging vertically. It comes from the latin word plumbum
       | (lead). When people wanted to make sure something was vertical,
       | they'd hang a lead weight from a string, and align the string
       | with whatever was supposed to be vertical. Even though we've
       | moved on to different metals, we still call them plumb bobs, and
       | we still say that a vertical part of a house is "plumb".
       | 
       | https://www.homedepot.com/b/Tools-Hand-Tools-Marking-Tools-L...
        
         | leetcrew wrote:
         | I knew "plumbum" meant "lead", but I'd always assumed the
         | etymology of "plumbing" was just that pipes were historically
         | made of lead. thanks for posting!
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Plumbing can also be the act of making something plumb, but
           | generally people use specific sentence fragments to make that
           | clear.
           | 
           | I was plumbing a wall when I dropped my hammer and had to
           | start all over.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | georgewsinger wrote:
       | I approve of the Herman Miller Aeron :]
        
       | progfix wrote:
       | Two other posts from today:
       | 
       | * Ask HN: Why does a busy man build a shed?
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29767682)
       | 
       | * Why I Live In a Shed
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29762145)
       | 
       | Does HN have some kind of mechanism that promotes posts with
       | similar keywords?
        
         | hddherman wrote:
         | I've noticed this happening as well, and the explanation that
         | I've stuck with is that the follow-up posts are posted by
         | readers who recognize a similar article they've previously read
         | that's deserving of a (re)post on HN.
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | That, or they go searching for additional information and
           | find related articles.
           | 
           | Another easy one to spot: there's sometimes clusters of
           | articles from the same site if it's not a well-known one -
           | people look around the site, find other good stuff and submit
           | that too.
        
           | progfix wrote:
           | Sure, but I noticed those similar posts always have the same
           | keywords in them. This time it is "sheds" and I am a little
           | bit in disbelief that someone is gonna post more about sheds
           | :). The first post wasn't even about sheds, it was a question
           | about hobbies.
           | 
           | I don't say that this bad or anything, in fact I like that
           | every day has a different topic on the front page. If this is
           | a natural phenomenon then I have not heard about it yet (and
           | it might be interesting to research?).
        
         | yurishimo wrote:
         | No. A lot of people in tech really like to live vicariously
         | through other makers (woodworking, esp). It appeals to both the
         | DIY crowd, which in a way is basically our entire career, and a
         | real life problem of programmers not being able to work in
         | peace, whether at home, or in a bullpen of peers.
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | Men love sheds.
        
       | tibbydudeza wrote:
       | Nice - what did you do for ventilation ???.
        
       | Paul_S wrote:
       | This whole thing is just a fire hazard but this is just dangerous
       | advice to be giving people:
       | 
       | "PRO TIP Use screws for everything; if you mess up, remove the
       | screws and redo it; with nails, it's a lot harder to do that."
       | 
       | Please don't, screws shear. Don't learn constrtuction from
       | someone who hasn't learnt it himself.
       | 
       | As for writing about your experience like this, write a blog
       | about something in your own field or otherwise don't give advice.
       | It could end up with someone getting hurt.
        
         | tkiolp4 wrote:
         | > As for writing about your experience like this, write a blog
         | about something in your own field or otherwise don't give
         | advice.
         | 
         | I don't get it. I see the majority of us, developers, writing
         | about software without having a deep knowledge on the subject.
         | The author's shed is no more to me like the usual post "I built
         | Twitter in Rust on a weekend". Should we all stop giving "PRO
         | tips"?
        
           | mminer237 wrote:
           | Yes? If you're just starting to code, you shouldn't give out
           | advice like you know everything. You're not a pro and you
           | shouldn't be masquerading as one. You should be listening to
           | advice, not giving it. You really want advice everywhere of
           | "Coding pro tip: always make all variables strings because
           | then you can put numbers or letters in there and you don't
           | have to use multiple types."?
        
           | Paul_S wrote:
           | Yes, because he is giving dangerous advice. Hey! This weekend
           | I operated on my cat, pro tip, nail the cat down to avoid him
           | moving. If you write a twitter in rust then giving the wrong
           | advice will at worst spur someone to create another
           | successful startup.
        
         | throwaway9870 wrote:
         | The irony is you are telling people to not write about things
         | they aren't qualified to write about, but that is exactly what
         | you are doing.
         | 
         | There are structural screws that are excellent options for
         | framing. GRK and Simpson make extremely well regarded
         | structural screws that, at least in the US, are accepted for
         | framing most/all building code offices.
         | 
         | Here is an example of a Simpson screw:
         | https://www.strongtie.com/strongdrive_exteriorwoodscrews/sdw...
         | 
         | Here is a GRK:
         | https://www.grkfasteners.com/structural/r4-multi-purpose-scr...
         | 
         | And the author is right - if you are a weekend warrior, they
         | are far better than framing nails. You don't need a nail gun,
         | just an impact driver which is usually less expensive and more
         | useful for other tasks. They don't split the wood as much as a
         | framing nailer, are generally more accurate to put in, and can
         | be easily removed if needed.
        
       | locallost wrote:
       | Heh, I am glad I read the comments here. I bought a piece of land
       | (a garden basically), and it has an old house / shack where the
       | roof needs to go. I am debating internally for two days now if I
       | should replace the roof myself or not or just bite the bullet and
       | pay somebody. I am on a kind of a sabbatical so in theory I have
       | time, and the idea is tempting, but it's definitely not software.
        
         | hattmall wrote:
         | Go with the metal roof, very easy to install and last a long
         | long time. Assuming you have a fairly simple roofline anyway.
        
       | cbsks wrote:
       | I am in the process of planning something similar at my house. My
       | county requires a land use permit for any new development, as
       | well as a building permit because power will be run. Both of
       | those permits require plans to be submitted and take multiple
       | weeks to be approved. It's worthwhile to check at your local
       | planning office if you care about such things.
        
       | jdgoesmarching wrote:
       | If anyone is looking into this, I really like Shed King
       | (shedking.net) for plans. They have a few shed models you can
       | choose from, costs around $20, include shopping lists, and are
       | super thorough.
       | 
       | I recently snagged the 12x16 with porch plans. I'm excited to
       | give this a shot.
        
       | mgarfias wrote:
       | Wow. Just wow.
       | 
       | Not gonna pollute with comments about it that others have already
       | made.
       | 
       | I will add that I am making electrical/gas renovations to the
       | house/detached garage.
       | 
       | Basically we are adding LP to the house for my new range, and a
       | gas water heater. Also ran gas to the garage for powering a
       | genset. The past year or so has taught me the import of off grid
       | solutions for certain things like cooking and hot water.
       | 
       | So, I had to dig a trench from the house to the garage. Code
       | called for 18" deep, but I went as deep as my backhoe would
       | allow. Grey pvc conduit was put in for elec, a separate tube for
       | fiber, and pex for water.
       | 
       | The LP co, came and installed a 250gal tank on a pad I poured,
       | then ran gas in some kinda pex-like tubing to the house and
       | garage. County eventually came out to inspect and signed off,
       | allowing me to back fill (partly down now). Next steps are to
       | finish connecting the pvc to the house, finish the water run, and
       | then I need to buy the copper for the elect run - probably $1500
       | worth.
       | 
       | The only bits I'm concerned about is getting the power shut off,
       | and power lines moved to the underground conduit I've placed from
       | the pile to the house as I'll need an actual electrician or will
       | have to wait a week for the power company to turn back on after
       | the shut off.
        
         | mgarfias wrote:
         | Oh, I'd add that my current power runs through the trees to the
         | house, and from the house to the garage in the trees. And the
         | house is nearly 50 years old, and therefor grandfathered in
         | without an electrical shutoff on the side of the house. Part of
         | this project is to fix all that.
        
       | patleeman wrote:
       | Very cool. I love these DIY office setups.
       | 
       | The author mentioned organizing material transport by figuring
       | out what would fit in his car. I would highly recommend just
       | renting a flatbed truck from home depot to transport your
       | materials home if they don't fit in your car. Its usually
       | something like $20 to rent for an hour.
       | 
       | Also I wonder if the author has any plans to heat/cool the space.
       | Seems like they might live in a temperate area. I'd would
       | probably just install one of those DIY mini-split units to
       | heat/cool the office if necessary.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | Buying materials online with delivery (~$75) can also be a
         | really good approach, especially if you know everything you're
         | going to need up front.
        
       | ohazi wrote:
       | Not that anything about this shed is built to code, but this
       | takes the cake:
       | 
       | > PRO TIP Use screws for everything; if you mess up, remove the
       | screws and redo it; with nails, it's a lot harder to do that.
       | 
       | You absolutely should not do this for framing, and most building
       | codes specify the type and size of nails that you _must_ use when
       | fastening load-bearing structural components.
       | 
       | Screws are convenient, sure, but they are necessarily much harder
       | than nails and are prone to embrittlement and cracking, while
       | nails are soft and pliable. You _can_ get structural screws, but
       | they 're uncommon, expensive, and I'd wager they weren't used
       | here (they're _much_ beefier than a similarly rated framing
       | nail).
        
         | rpnzl wrote:
         | Definitely want to use nails for framing (especially in zones
         | that might experience the shearing forces of an earthquake) --
         | here are a couple of links so folks can see for themselves:
         | 
         | [Project Farm](https://youtu.be/qmajKElnwfE)
         | 
         | [Vancouver Carpenter](https://youtu.be/5-PlR8tf84c)
        
           | jjeaff wrote:
           | In that project farm video, the screws came out stronger than
           | nails in every test except the repeated bend test (even the
           | drywall screws). I think it could be argued that since screws
           | are much stronger and have better holding power, they are
           | much less likely to get loose enough to the point that they
           | are going to be repeatedly bending back and forth.
        
             | rpnzl wrote:
             | I think this is valid -- I'm not a structural engineer so I
             | can't speak to how an earthquake might behave differently
             | than the tests in the Project Farm video, but I can imagine
             | a scenario where a screw becoming a bit loose would create
             | a situation that more closely resembles the repeated bend
             | test.
             | 
             | The IBC still outlines nails as appropriate light frame
             | fasteners [0], and where I am (on Maui) there's no local
             | provision in the code to allow swapping in screws. The GRKs
             | [1, 2] and Simpson [3] screws others have mentioned are
             | seemingly valid alternatives to 16d nails, but ultimately
             | it's going to come down to what you're comfortable with,
             | the local code, the inspector, etc.
             | 
             | [0] https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/IBC2021P1/chapter-23-
             | wood#...
             | 
             | [1] https://www.grkfasteners.com/structural/r4-multi-
             | purpose-scr...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.grkfasteners.com/structural/rss-rugged-
             | structura...
             | 
             | [3] https://www.strongtie.com/strongdrive_exteriorwoodscrew
             | s/sdw...
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | You can burn up a lot of time on Project Farm. Beware/enjoy.
        
         | kevan wrote:
         | As much as everyone loves to complain about red tape, building
         | codes have a lot of useful info. Even if you're not going to
         | pull permits (at your own risk) it's useful to be aware of what
         | code requires and why. Specific examples from the post:
         | 
         | * Plywood thickness required for floor decking
         | 
         | * Min roof slope for asphalt shingles
         | 
         | * Drip edge, where it's required and how to install it
         | 
         | * Roof drainage - probably doesn't matter because California
         | but as a general rule you never want to channel water towards
         | your foundation.
         | 
         | In the grand scheme these are relatively minor. They'll
         | probably need to demolish the thing when they sell the house
         | long before the roof slope causes water issues.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Are termites a problem down there? Seems like he's created a
           | termite magnet with all that wood exposed to water damage.
        
             | yurishimo wrote:
             | I thought the entire backyard was already brick/pavers? I
             | doubt there are many termites hanging out on top of those
             | waiting for some wood to get a little damp. If it was
             | pressure treated, it should be fine to use those beams as a
             | sort of footer on the pavers "foundation".
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | I was thinking more of the splashing back and forth
               | between the house and the shed, getting in the siding and
               | causing issues.
        
           | thathndude wrote:
           | I raised an eyebrow at the roof choice as well. The roof
           | slopes towards the foundation? Odd choice
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | And related to this, but floor joists, roof construction and
           | other carrying components (foundation) are all super
           | important to get right.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > You can get structural screws, but they're uncommon,
         | expensive
         | 
         | And _worth it_. I have boxes of different sizes of Simpson
         | strong-tie and strong-drive screws and I adore them. And they
         | 're mostly available at any Home Depot.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I was going to post about code violations but I'll just tuck it
         | under yours here so we don't flood the top level (although one
         | could argue that this really deserves it).
         | 
         | I had to stop reading r/diy because half the stuff in there
         | made me angry. Especially people building lofts to store heavy
         | stuff without knowing anything about construction.
         | 
         | You can't overlap rooflines like this. That's how they allow
         | people to build small outbuildings but make large projects have
         | to get permits. If the roofs "touch" then you're using a
         | loophole to make an illegal addition to your house instead of a
         | shed.
         | 
         | > The way I did it was to run both wires inside a 3/4 inch PVC
         | conduit using 14/2 electrical wiring + 100ft cat6 ethernet
         | cable.
         | 
         | You are going to get somebody killed. I didn't see you dig a
         | trench, which means you have a single _plastic_ conduit
         | carrying power and data and exposed to the air. It's supposed
         | to be grounded metal buried conduit to create a faraday cage
         | that can't be electrified by nearby lightning strikes or hit by
         | a tree or debris in a wind storm. And deep enough the next
         | owner doesn't kill themselves planting a hydrangea.
         | 
         | I have half a mind to doxx you to your city planning office.
        
           | tharkun__ wrote:
           | I like your parent's explanation of _why_ screws are not
           | allowed by code in some places and also saying that yes,
           | screws actually _can_ be used, if you use the right ones,
           | even if they aren 't allowed by code in some places.
           | 
           | I really like that because just mentioning code doesn't do
           | any good. Just because code says something doesn't mean that
           | it makes sense. There's tons of omissions in codes or stuff
           | that is unnecessarily restrictive or way not enough to be
           | safe.
           | 
           | Screws are the perfect example. If code forbids screws but
           | you are going to use the proper screws that are (with good
           | reason) allowed in other jurisdictions that has a completely
           | different vibe to it than someone blogging about using dry
           | wall screws to frame a house. One is a safety concern and why
           | inspections are a good thing, while another is a minor case
           | of ignoring code without any concerns and where an inspection
           | would suck (if you were the homeowner doing some work
           | yourself). If they want to use something that is more
           | expensive and let's them do something themselves that they
           | wouldn't be able to do at all if they had to use nails, more
           | power to them! Change code to allow the right type of screws!
           | 
           | Your second part of the reply does the same, it sort of
           | explains why you think it's a bad idea (and I agree that it
           | is for various reasons).
           | 
           | Could you explain _why_ it is not a good idea to overlap roof
           | lines?
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Overlapping rooflines allow you to make a "detached"
             | building that is functionally an addition to your house.
             | The downside is that if you want to build a breezeway to a
             | detached garage you're going to have to get permits to do
             | that. It sucks but otherwise you get people who make a long
             | narrow house that's a series of rooms that were built over
             | time, and never inspected.
             | 
             | You may see properties that have three fairly large but
             | separate buildings, this is often someone skirting building
             | codes in such a way that they stay within the letter of the
             | law.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | This is exactly the reason I asked for reasoning. A
               | perfect example of a specific reason for something in
               | code where depending on what you are doing yourself you
               | can safely ignore the code violation (except for the
               | legality part). If the reason you gave is indeed the
               | reason and only reason.
               | 
               | I would argue that if inspections for safety reasons are
               | why this is in code then code needs to remove this
               | restriction and other rules should be put in place and
               | inspections should become less expensive, easier to get
               | done etc. Basically make it easier and less of a problem
               | for people to get inspected. You will still get people
               | that won't do one of course. Make it possible to inspect
               | them anyway. Of course I understand that there are
               | conflicting priorities at work here too. Meaning funding.
               | The optimal way for everyone would be quite expensive. So
               | we get suboptimal solutions that are sometimes "OK" to
               | circumvent and sometimes not.
               | 
               | Here the bylaws for example allow one main structure, a
               | shed and a detached garage (even if you have an attached
               | one already). No need for roof overhang code stuff. The
               | intent of the bylaw is also much more clear.
               | 
               | The guy in the article arguably is creating such a
               | detached building. He is also in violation of rules about
               | how far structures have to be from the property line
               | assuming the rules in his place are like here and that
               | fence is towards the neighbors.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | This still doesn't explain why overlapping rooflines are
               | actually problematic, though. I have always wondered this
               | myself, as I actually own a house with a detached garage
               | where the previous owner and next door neighbor put an
               | easement on file that allowed the next door neighbor
               | (whose ground level is about 5 feet higher via a
               | retaining wall) to build an outbuilding very close to the
               | property line with the roofline hanging over my garage by
               | about 6 inches. So far, the only practical downside is
               | that my downspout ends up getting all the water from half
               | of his roof, which means the problem is worse if I don't
               | keep it clear. Not a terribly big problem in my book,
               | since I have to keep it clear anyway. What else am I
               | missing?
               | 
               | (Note: there are other things that are suboptimal about
               | my garage, namely that it was built 100 years ago right
               | on the property line and when it was rebuilt sometime
               | later, it was allowed to stay there despite normally
               | having a 5 foot setback requirement. As a result, this
               | concrete block structure itself actually serves as part
               | of the retaining wall and has moisture seepage issues
               | from the uphill side. I actually think having the
               | neighbor's outbuilding covering that patch of land and
               | managing the rainwater via my downspout helps the matter,
               | because the ground between them gets no rainfall at all.)
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | In this case, the shed will have rain runoff into the
               | house. Possibly not a problem, but generally not a good
               | idea.
               | 
               | Also, as mentioned, sheds don't usually need inspected.
               | Sheds with power that act as extensions to the home
               | should be (should = good idea) but might not be required,
               | depending on location. Basically, some of these rules are
               | to prevent uninspected/unpermitted extensions to the main
               | dwelling.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | It's a "this is why we can't have nice things" situation.
               | There's no physics problem with overlapping that I know
               | of, but it's a giant loophole for people who are up to no
               | good.
               | 
               | It's not so much that you shouldn't be able to do it as
               | that there's no way we _can_ do it without a permit.
        
               | horsawlarway wrote:
               | The water management issue is a bigger deal in some
               | locations.
               | 
               | In the original post, he's sloped the new roof back
               | towards the house - huge issue where I live (Atlanta - we
               | got a lot of heavy rain) since that's going to cause
               | water entry in the basement or erosion on the foundation.
               | 
               | It can also be a fire hazard in many situations. Ex - in
               | my area there's a mandated 10ft gap between the property
               | line and any structure. It's there to prevent people from
               | building right up to the property line, essentially
               | creating townhomes, but with none of the fire/safety
               | planning those require.
               | 
               | All that said - I agree with you, this code is likely
               | there to discourage people trying to skirt around
               | inspections (and because it's easy to spot).
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | Rainfall treatment around foundations is the most bizarre
               | "new city" difference.
               | 
               | Previously lived on clay soil above the freeze line:
               | everything needed substantial gutters and routing away
               | from home.
               | 
               | Now live in sandy soil below the freeze line: most people
               | don't even have gutters.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | So you think my garage is fine? Seeking anonymous expert-
               | sounding internet validation :D
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | The thing to remember about building codes is that
               | they're _one_ solution to a problem. More often than not,
               | one good solution. That isn 't to say they're the _only_
               | solution.
               | 
               | So for new construction or reno, absolutely follow code!
               | 
               | But for old construction that doesn't have obvious
               | dangers and has served its purpose across decades? Why
               | fix what ain't broke? It's entirely possibly it's a
               | perfectly viable alternative solution.
        
           | R0b0t1 wrote:
           | You don't need to take power underground. Most midwestern
           | construction doesn't and I usually see PVC conduit. There are
           | hazards from breakage, but putting it in PVC conduit tends to
           | exceed code.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | Ignoring the type of conduit, there's NM-B and CM (hopefully)
           | in the _same_ conduit.
           | 
           | NM-B is not allowed outdoors (in "wet locations") [0], and
           | running your Ethernet cable and your power in the same
           | conduit is no good. (Look up the code for feeders supplying
           | structures -- this is not even close to how it's done. Maybe
           | you can squeak by and consider this a structure supplied by a
           | branch circuit, but there are still code requirements to pay
           | attention to.)
           | 
           | Also, that weather resistant barrier.... Imagine you are a
           | drop of rainwater on the outside of that WRB, following
           | gravity. Where do you go? Straight to the exposed OSB
           | sticking out at the bottom. The sheathing is toast in heavy
           | rain.
           | 
           | [0] NM-B has _paper_ running through it. Good old-fashioned
           | water-wicking brown paper. If it gets a bit wet in a flooded
           | conduit (hint: every outdoor conduit can be assumed to flood
           | eventually), it will wick along the cable and never dry.
           | 
           | edit: there is absolutely no requirement that buried conduit
           | be metal. In my experience, despite code allowing various
           | types of galvanized steel conduit to be buried, they tend to
           | corrode severely long before whatever wires are in them are
           | safely disconnected, creating a hazardous situation. You can
           | use PVC, HDPE, etc.
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | Keep in mind, while yes this is a huge code issue mixing low
           | voltage and high voltage - 'it depends' in a lot of
           | jurisdictions on other elements.
           | 
           | Following is for other folks running across this, in case it
           | helps them.
           | 
           | At least in California, I'm pretty sure it's code compliant
           | to use _rated_ non-metallic conduit for outside high voltage
           | runs for instance. That conduit is made of PVC. It's the grey
           | plastic electrical conduit at every hardware store (if
           | branded as UV resistant /outdoor rated).
           | 
           | Normal PVC pipe (for water) falls apart at too low a
           | temperature and becomes super brittle when exposed to
           | Sunlight surprisingly quickly.
           | 
           | It's a much better idea to use EMT or even 'hard' conduit
           | depending on how it's exposed, but it's not required. EMF
           | protection is nice, but I haven't seen a such a requirement
           | for power feeds in residential anyway. If using 3 phase and
           | some industrial equipment I imagine you'd be a jerk to not do
           | so, but most residential neighborhoods here have overhead
           | unshielded lines anyway.
           | 
           | Running to a separate detached building has a bunch of rules
           | around grounding (for which you'll find multiple mutually
           | exclusive and conflicting codes across the county). Many
           | areas don't have lightning suppression rules though.
           | 
           | Depending on exactly how the building is constructed
           | (technically 'mobile' vs 'fixed) also changes codes a lot.
           | Running the equivalent of an extension cord to a 'mobile'
           | structure (which can be functionally fixed) is perfectly fine
           | as long as it's GFCI protected for instance. Not that he did
           | that.
           | 
           | Ideally it would be a separate sub panel, grounded and
           | protected as such, with proper rated conduit, etc.
           | 
           | But the bar is a lot lower than what you're saying if someone
           | follows some basic guidelines. And can be done safely.
           | 
           | But yeah, Article Author - you're going to get someone
           | killed. Jesus.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | > It's a much better idea to use EMT
             | 
             | You cannot bury EMT underground.
             | 
             | One of the nice things about actual metal conduit,
             | depending on the nature of the soil where you live, is that
             | it only needs to be buried 7" down to meet NEC rules. PVC
             | conduit requires significantly more depth.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Ah yes, I know about the grey PVC but spaced on it.
             | Typically this is for external runs bolted to the side of a
             | building though. Or at least, that's almost all I ever see
             | it used for. Can you use it for open air horizontal runs?
             | Say between two buildings?
             | 
             | Data you want shielded, for the reasons I stated. Stringing
             | Ethernet between buildings often ends in tears.
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | I ran outdoor-rated cat6 in metal conduit between my
               | house and shed, about 6 feet, and it has worked very
               | well. What do you see as the problem?
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | The cat 6 is fine, it's the power cable that's an issue.
               | Realistically in this scenario it's fine too, it should
               | be branched off of a GFCI. The only issue with the
               | network cable is that it picks up static from lightning
               | and blows some equipment, you can put Ethernet breakers
               | on both ends though.
        
               | zrail wrote:
               | Not the OP but my understanding is that you're probably
               | fine if that metal conduit is grounded. If you're
               | stringing ethernet around outside you want properly
               | grounded surge suppressors on both ends.
        
           | 404mm wrote:
           | I can comment on the second portion of this issue- never run
           | Cat cables in parallel with electric cable.
           | 
           | You are forcing low voltage and high voltage cables to share
           | their electromagnetic field. That's never a good thing. It
           | can lead to unstable connection all the way to frying your
           | Ethernet card.
        
             | saxonww wrote:
             | Good news: he ran a 100ft cat6 cable so that he could plug
             | in a wireless access point. His ethernet card should be
             | fine.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | ... but isn't there still a risk to whatever devices are
               | on both ends of that cat6? ie the access point and the
               | head-end router or switch?
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | Thank you both. The number of "Wow this is so cool!"
           | encouragement-replies here is pretty scary. Building a shed
           | is definitely something most people can DIY, but please don't
           | make it hazardous! And, at least make an attempt to look up
           | local building codes. Even if conformance is not required for
           | your particular application, they can be used as a reference
           | for best practices.
           | 
           | I believe some jurisdictions now occasionally check e.g.
           | Google Maps to look for obvious things like sheds built too
           | close to existing structures (which this one likely is), so
           | it's possible he'll get an unrequested visit from code
           | enforcement anyway.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Putting signalling and power wires in the same conduit is
           | about as bad as it gets.
           | 
           | The proper way to do this is to dig a trench and use armored
           | cable suitable for burial without further protection and to
           | use a plastic uninterrupted tube for the cat6 (which you can
           | blow through).
           | 
           | That said, there isn't a lot of difference between a DIY
           | person and a low grade contractor, and a competent DIY'er is
           | probably better than most mid level contractors. The big
           | difference is usually that they have the tools and they're
           | with a couple of people and you're just by your lonesome.
        
             | stickfigure wrote:
             | It's short. Put a normal extension cord in the "conduit",
             | with plugs on each end. At least here in California,
             | electrical code ends at the receptacle. You can do
             | practically anything you want on the other side, as long as
             | it plugs in.
        
             | raytube wrote:
             | Just expose the armoured cable. Hardly an issue, and you
             | know where it is.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Not a good idea. The outer layer is plastic, underneath
               | that something that is best described as an oversized
               | shower hose. Burying it will allow you to take vehicles,
               | wheel barrows, lawnmowers etc over it without damaging
               | it.
               | 
               | I bought a ton of this stuff surplus from a dam
               | construction, that served me quite well in Canada, some
               | of the outbuildings were quite far away from the main
               | house. It's pretty easy to work with, though stripping it
               | is a bit of an art (you _really_ don 't want to damage
               | the inner wires).
        
               | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
               | The author's shed is about 2 feet from the house
               | exterior, so he can wrap the steps around as decking
               | (very tiny decking) and put the cable under the steps.
        
               | ErrantX wrote:
               | You can get armoured cable specifically with UV rating
               | for this. I'd only ever run it against a wall etc. But it
               | is designed to be above ground.
        
           | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
           | You just went from concerned citizen, to person with anger
           | management issues lashing out. If your thoughts here were in
           | good faith, you would help the author learn about code
           | compliance so that he could make the necessary modifications
           | and learn about the real-world consequences of not being in
           | compliance. Instead you're making a threat to send code
           | enforcement after him so that he can be punished for being
           | ignorant. Please try to re-evaluate the feelings you have and
           | ask yourself if there is a more positive, less harmful way to
           | use those feelings.
        
             | wbl wrote:
             | The punishment for building code violations is death. The
             | building code enforcement is a lot more lenient in
             | comparison.
        
               | jholman wrote:
               | Help me to understand who dies when the rooflines
               | overlap?
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | That's a pretty big overstatement. For example, using
               | insufficient insulation is a code violation, but it is
               | not going to kill you.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | Also, the punishment isn't necessarily meted out on the
               | actual perpetrator.
        
               | sixstringtheory wrote:
               | All the people replying to this minimizing the concerns
               | of the original comment need to go back and reread it.
               | The point that really raised their hackles was the
               | electrical issue, not insulation or overlapping
               | rooflines.
               | 
               | Electricity can instantly kill you or start a fire, which
               | could kill you and your neighbors. Look at what just
               | happened in Boulder. Fire is dangerous, especially when
               | combined with high winds. I personally saw that play out
               | twice while living in Boston, one of which was determined
               | to have been caused by sparks from unpermitted welding,
               | the other by improper disposal of smoldering construction
               | debris. Both small starts whipped up by winds, both times
               | multiple people died.
               | 
               | The phrase I've heard is "regulations are written in
               | blood."
        
               | R0b0t1 wrote:
               | Most building codes are not a life or death matter. Most
               | of them are windowsill clearance, door clearance, minutia
               | about the spacing of steps. In some locations you have
               | really stupid proscriptions about load bearing structure
               | types (so e.g. you can't use a metal frame for your house
               | simply because they specify you must use wood).
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | Something I appreciate about HN is the number of reverse-
         | bikeshedding moments there are and for which the parent comment
         | exemplifies. Points out a critical flaw and explains it in
         | plain language with no rhetorical flourishes.
         | 
         |  _Bikeshedding describes our tendency to spend too much time
         | discussing trivial matters, and too little time discussing
         | important matters as a result. It describes the inverse
         | relationship between time spent and the importance of an
         | issue._
         | 
         | https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/bikeshedding/
        
         | Fwirt wrote:
         | Also it sounds like he ran both the low voltage network cable
         | and the high voltage line-level power wiring inside of the same
         | conduit which is a big no-no for various code and safety
         | related reasons. From what I understand messing with electric
         | code violations is not a good idea, if your homeowners
         | insurance finds out you put in some janky stuff like that and
         | your house burns down, they might invalidate your policy
         | because it was your fault.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | A plastic conduit, ffs.
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | The home insurance people will absolutely nail him on this.
           | They'll eventually send someone out to inspect the property
           | on a policy renewal. They'll refuse to renew the policy until
           | the code violations are corrected. And they'll definitely
           | notice and have questions about the odd 'shed' that looks new
           | and very out of place.
           | 
           | If he has really wired it as it seems, if anything
           | consequential (unrelated) happens to the property in the
           | meantime they'll use that against him when they inspect post
           | event. They'll try to claim he breached the policy prior to
           | the event.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Where do you live that insurance companies send inspectors
             | 'round? I've owned 2 houses for a total of over 25 years
             | and never had an insurance inspector visit nor heard of
             | them visiting anyone else for a renewal.
             | 
             | Is this common elsewhere in the world?
        
               | chrisdhal wrote:
               | I have rental properties and it happens about every other
               | year before a renewal. They definitely find things that
               | need fixing. That being said, I've never had it happen on
               | my primary residence (20+ years).
        
               | dudul wrote:
               | Been a homeowner for 10+ years and it never happened to
               | me either. I only see insurance people when I have a
               | claim to evaluate the cost.
        
           | jjeaff wrote:
           | Home insurance covers stupidity as well as acts of god, in
           | most cases They might send an inspector and then refuse to
           | insure, but if you are paying the premium and make an out of
           | code change that causes a claim, they are going to have to
           | pay out for the most part unless your out of code changes are
           | super negligent. Using screws instead of nails would
           | definitely not be considered super negligent. Nor would
           | anything ever be inspected close enough to notice that.
           | Running electrical through the wrong type of PVC is also not
           | likely to be considered negligent enough to deny a claim. Of
           | course, doing everything right the first time is the better
           | way to go anyway as you never know when an insurance may
           | become super petty and try to deny a claim for whatever
           | reason they can find.
        
         | InvertedRhodium wrote:
         | PVC-U cable ducting for 240V cabling is the norm here in NZ,
         | just helped my dad lay about 60m of it from the house to the
         | office. I doubt it's going to be the end of the world.
        
         | 14 wrote:
         | That was the first thing I noticed as well. I don't blame him
         | mind you since I would have assumed they are better and easier
         | as well but recently my brother who is a carpenter told me you
         | have to use nails they are needed. This just reminds me that
         | being handy is good but knowing code is critical for some
         | thing. In this case he will probably get away with just screws.
        
           | rectang wrote:
           | > _being handy is good but knowing code is critical for some
           | things_
           | 
           | The subject of building code seems vast. How can you get to
           | the point where you even know what you don't know?
        
             | simpsond wrote:
             | You can always do it the hard way and have an inspector
             | tell you what is wrong, fix it, repeat. The whole point of
             | inspection is to get it right. This method isn't cost
             | efficient for starting. Find friends to ask questions
             | before starting to reduce inspection failures.
        
             | 14 wrote:
             | The simple answer is testing. When you go to school you get
             | a test that certifies you have a basic knowledge. It may
             | not cover every aspect but will teach you where to find the
             | answers you don't know.
        
               | rectang wrote:
               | Oh? School for what? Maybe general contracting?
               | 
               | A while back I looked briefly into what it would take to
               | be an electrician, and it seemed like there was quite a
               | lot to know. I wonder how soon you get to the stage where
               | you could wire up a shed like this with full confidence
               | that you've done everything to code.
               | 
               | From there, how many other subjects do you have to get
               | right? I learned how to swing a hammer as a kid but I
               | wouldn't know jack about designing load bearing
               | structures, weather proofing, foundations, hanging
               | windows and doors, etc -- let alone plumbing, HVAC, etc.
        
               | 14 wrote:
               | Electrical is a whole field of expertise. To wire a shed
               | to code however is not that hard. I've done my dad's tiny
               | home personally and then had my electrician friend come
               | in after and said it was all done and to code. Some of
               | the skills overlap but usually the carpenters do the work
               | and at a certain point the electrician comes in and does
               | all his work then the carpenter finish up. The real
               | secret to getting fully comfortable is doing an
               | apprenticeship where someone is going over all your work.
        
             | spc476 wrote:
             | Have an architect as a friend? I have such a friend, and
             | it's always fascinating when talking to him about building
             | codes and such (such as the type of covering for network
             | cables in a commercial setting depends upon the type of A/C
             | used in the building, due to concerns over fire hazards and
             | air intake).
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > Not that anything about this shed is built to code
         | 
         | This is why we can't have nice, or at least affordable but
         | slightly less than perfect, things. I would also note that,
         | while I'm sure everyone's right about the rules in Santa Cruz,
         | this is jurisdiction specific. In the UK, if your shed is less
         | than 15m^2 and is not used as living accomodation, no building
         | regulations apply, and you can build it with screws, nails, or
         | corrugated cardboard and PVA glue if you're so inclined.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > In the UK, if your shed is less than 15m^2 and is not used
           | as living accomodation, no building regulations apply, and
           | you can build it with screws, nails, or corrugated cardboard
           | and PVA glue if you're so inclined.
           | 
           | In many US locations you aren't required to pull a permit and
           | get inspections for sheds below a certain square footage
           | either.
           | 
           | But that's not a free pass to build an unsafe structure.
           | Using (non-structural) screws instead of nails is not a big
           | deal for something this small that won't see snow load, but
           | other things like mixing high voltage wiring and low-voltage
           | wiring in the same conduit are a problem regardless of code.
           | 
           | Connecting something to the electrical system will also
           | invoke code regulations, regardless of the size. There's no
           | free pass for ignoring electrical regulations just because a
           | building is below a certain size in the US, and I doubt there
           | is in the UK either.
        
           | ErrantX wrote:
           | You can. But some esoteric rules apply, and there are fire
           | regs if it's close to a building. Oh and electrical regs
           | apply.
           | 
           | But yes building in the UK is much freer.
           | 
           | I sense it is much less common (beyond a basic shed or
           | conservatory) though therefore less of an issue to solve.
        
           | DoreenMichele wrote:
           | _This is why we can 't have nice, or at least affordable but
           | slightly less than perfect, things._
           | 
           | I really enjoyed reading the article just as someone who
           | likes writing and reading. It was very engaging and I enjoyed
           | the process he went through from having an idea to finally
           | committing to it and I especially liked him commenting on
           | things like choosing materials that fit in his car.
           | 
           | I also really am enjoying the comments on HN from
           | knowledgeable, experienced people who know whereof they speak
           | and I appreciate your comment because I spent years homeless
           | and I've studied housing issues and lack of affordable
           | housing is a root cause of homelessness in the US.
           | 
           | So this is a real issue and I'm reminded of the fact that
           | after racist White people burned down "Black Wall Street"
           | they then began interfering with the rebuilding by trying to
           | pass more stringent fire safety codes when building codes had
           | nothing to do with why it burned down. It burned down because
           | hateful people torched it.
           | 
           | And I wonder how we solve this. I wonder how we balance all
           | those concerns of not squelching creative impetus and not
           | squelching a desire to add something cost effectively with
           | real world concerns that "If you do it that way, people die
           | or you burn out your Ethernet card (or whatever)."
           | 
           | Seems like with the internet being a thing, we could find
           | ways to balance those many issues. But so far we really
           | aren't.
           | 
           | People in the know are often comfortably well off. They have
           | no problem with saying "Well, pay the few extra bucks to do
           | it right." and the result is some people are sleeping in the
           | streets and it falls on deaf ears when you try to draw those
           | connections.
           | 
           | It's frustrating.
        
             | caslon wrote:
             | (For anyone who thinks DoreenMichele was being hyperbolic:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulsa_race_massacre)
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > So this is a real issue and I'm reminded of the fact that
             | after racist White people burned down "Black Wall Street"
             | they then began interfering with the rebuilding by trying
             | to pass more stringent fire safety codes
             | 
             | This 100% has nothing to do with it. Screws aren't even the
             | easy, cheap, or fast option for construction. Everyone
             | defaults to nails anyway because they're the cheap, fast,
             | easy, and correct option for framing.
             | 
             | Building a code-compliant small structure is basically
             | trivial these days. The information is readily available
             | from so many different sources that you have to ignore them
             | all and choose to improvise your own thing, such as using
             | screws instead of framing nails in a framing nailer, to get
             | things done.
             | 
             | Many of the code violations in this build are just common
             | sense problems, like putting high voltage wiring in a pipe
             | with low-voltage wiring.
             | 
             | > People in the know are often comfortably well off. They
             | have no problem with saying "Well, pay the few extra bucks
             | to do it right." and the result is some people are sleeping
             | in the streets and it falls on deaf ears when you try to
             | draw those connections.
             | 
             | Construction workers are well-versed in building to code.
             | It's definitely _not_ causing housing shortages or even
             | remotely related to it. Code isn't causing houses to not be
             | built, and abolishing building code wouldn't increase the
             | rate of construction.
             | 
             | Zoning, on the other hand, is a huge problem.
        
               | DoreenMichele wrote:
               | _Trivial_ for someone in the know can mean  "If you have
               | a PhD and a decade of experience, it's obvious." People
               | not in the know who look things up online have the
               | problem that they often cannot properly judge the quality
               | of the information they are seeing.
               | 
               | I'm confident that some of the people on HN saying "Oh.
               | God. Don't do that." Actually know whereof they speak.
               | Reading the article in no way tripped any warning lights
               | for me. I just thought it was an enjoyable read for other
               | reasons.
               | 
               | This is not the right forum to say that. I said that and
               | it was downvoted and I deleted that comment to leave the
               | one above cuz reasons (not due to the downvote per se)
               | but the downvote helps tell me my enthusiasm for the
               | writing quality etc is unwelcome here because so many
               | people here do know it's bad construction.
               | 
               | I agree zoning is an issue. It's a huge issue, as is car-
               | centric design.
               | 
               | But, no, it's not trivial from my perspective but I feel
               | like it ought to be easier to sort the wheat from the
               | chaff and so forth. The internet seems like a huge
               | opportunity to foster better processes for DIY projects.
               | 
               | But, then, I naively thought nearly two years back that
               | "Surely, the CDC or WHO will have a list of recommended
               | OTC meds for self care for Covid to discourage people
               | from going to the hospital and spreading it." and was
               | unable to find such.
               | 
               | I was at one time pursuing an online degree. I have had a
               | college class in online search. If it existed and I was
               | unable to find it, I am skeptical that "your average Joe"
               | could find it.
               | 
               | I think there is so much potential to do things better
               | than this. The internet is a tremendous opportunity to
               | help make effective answers available for "free" to the
               | masses and we see some of that happening but I remain
               | shocked and confused by the huge gaps in such that still
               | remain.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | jbluepolarbear wrote:
         | Was thinking the same thing. Also a nail gum would make putting
         | that frame together pretty easy. I worked in construction until
         | I was in my mid 20's and I'm amazed at how uninformed people
         | are when building sheds and tiny homes. YouTube also spreads a
         | lot of bad info.
        
         | sethev wrote:
         | While you're not wrong about nails vs screws for framing - this
         | a 6x6 box, it's not going to matter.
        
         | crawshaw wrote:
         | To support your point: if you are a DIYer who is not super cost
         | sensitive, for example if you have a tech job, then I highly
         | recommend structural screws. (I quite like GRK RSS fasteners.)
         | It requires more research than you might think to find screws
         | that are properly rated, but it is much more fun to do small
         | projects with an impact driver than a nail gun or hammer.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | cgh wrote:
         | > You can get structural screws, but they're uncommon,
         | expensive
         | 
         | Agreed that eg GRK R4 structural screws are pricey, but they
         | are widely available. You can buy them at Home Depot, for
         | example. I do like them better than nails for small projects.
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | This might be true where you are. It is not universally so.
        
         | jopsen wrote:
         | > Screws are convenient, sure, but they are necessarily much
         | harder than nails and are prone to embrittlement and
         | cracking,...
         | 
         | That sounds like bike-shedding :D
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | It's not, when you are talking about load-bearing framing.
        
           | jjeaff wrote:
           | Ya, it is bike shedding in most cases. I've seen a few side
           | by side comparisons of nails vs screws for framing and while
           | it's true that screws are more likely to sheer off, nails are
           | more likely to pull out. And assuming you used a reasonable
           | size and quantity of screws, the load required to sheer them
           | will be so far and above anything required by code that it
           | becomes a distinction without a difference.
        
             | ARandomerDude wrote:
             | > nails are more likely to pull out
             | 
             | That's why you toe nail in opposite directions, giving you
             | the best of both worlds.
        
             | fock wrote:
             | as a dumb european: what are non-structural screws? I've
             | only ever seen people building their bike-shacks and
             | terrace stuff, using "Spax". Which are sold as "structural"
             | screws in the US. Then, if you somehow fix together things
             | with a classic nut and bolt-screws (from mechanical
             | engineering): well, for most real things you probably would
             | think about the force anyway I hope. And then screws are
             | used in like any industrial machine...
        
         | cobookman wrote:
         | You can get framing screws that bend similar to framing nails.
         | 
         | As for code, yeah most cities have codes on the hight and
         | setback of backyard sheds. This shed doesn't look like it meets
         | either.
         | 
         | https://www.strongtie.com/strongdrive_exteriorwoodscrews/sdw...
        
       | kmonsen wrote:
       | Does anyone know how zoning restrictions affect this in
       | California? Wondering at what point you need to get approval to
       | set up something in your backyard.
        
         | fargle wrote:
         | Check your city/county, but in most places in CA and the rest
         | of the US, zoning allows up to a 120 square foot shed without
         | building permits. Neighborhood HOAs, if applicable, would be
         | the other restriction.
         | 
         | 36 square feet? good to go.
         | 
         | If I were to do it, I'd make it slightly bigger and put a
         | electrical sub-panel in it with an extension cord like an RV
         | has. You could plug it into anywhere with an RV outlet.
         | 
         | It's also easy enough to move any shed like this that's 8 feet
         | wide or less on a car-hauler trailer or with dollys/rollers
         | underneath.
        
           | waynesonfire wrote:
           | building permit is not a zoning permit. OP may still need to
           | get a zoning permit.
        
             | fargle wrote:
             | I didn't say they were the same thing. And I meant what I
             | said: _zoning_ allows a shed without _building_ permits in
             | most places. It depends on the jurisdiction but because of
             | _model_ zoning codes the rules are almost all the same
             | across CA.
             | 
             | In CA and most of the US there is usually no separate
             | "zoning permit", although it exists in a few places (I see
             | berkeley and sonoma county). Usually zoning and the
             | development and land use codes just say what you're allowed
             | to do, and are enforced based on helpful neighbor-driven
             | complaints. But you usually don't need a permit up front
             | except for things like conditional use and special use
             | permits, certainly not a shed. For things requiring a
             | building permit, the permitted use (zoning) is just part of
             | that process.
             | 
             | The OP can and should check the city/county and find out.
             | The point I'm trying to make is there is actually a fairly
             | high likely hood that even in over-regulated CA you can
             | build a 120 sq. ft. "shed" or "playhouse" in the backyard
             | without a _building_ or _zoning_ permit. Without knowing
             | the exact jurisdiction, this is just general advice about
             | the _most usual_ practices - for example San Diego, LA, San
             | Bernardino cities and counties.
             | 
             | One thing I should mention: technically plumbing/electrical
             | in the shed or calling it or using it as an "office" might
             | not be kosher, but in practice everyone does this with no
             | issue. It's just a very nice "playhouse".
        
           | ecopoesis wrote:
           | No way this shed can be moved. It's built with drywall screws
           | and 24" centers. If you kick a wall it's likely to flat pack
           | itself.
        
             | hattmall wrote:
             | Where are you seeing he used drywall screws? I use deck and
             | construction screws for framing all the time, it's fine.
             | You can always add nails too. 24" centers are ok for this
             | too, there's very little weight. Far less well constructed
             | sheds are moved daily.
        
             | fargle wrote:
             | Many sheds are built this way. Some even lighter - e.g. the
             | overpriced wood sheds you buy pre-built use very minimal
             | framing. And they all can be moved just fine. I commented
             | because it's somewhat surprising how easy it is and how
             | well it works.
        
       | 2ICofafireteam wrote:
       | Cool.
       | 
       | For the in-garage option, I've encountered three fully enclosed
       | and insulated cubicles/offices in garages.
       | 
       | The first was a construction Project manager who built his along
       | one side wall of his garage. I was very curious and talked with
       | them about it and they had a couple good thoughts. The first was
       | that they had a nice big window opening to the garage. Even it
       | only gave them a view of their pickup truck, it really made the
       | office feel less like a closet and could be opened for
       | ventilation. The other advice was to leave enough room by the
       | garage door for a repairman to get at everything; on a long
       | enough timeline it will be necessary.
       | 
       | The other two were built by tradesmen I knew with single bay
       | shops. They both built their offices on big casters for
       | flexibility and one would roll theirs outside when they cleanded
       | the shop.
        
       | hbarka wrote:
       | Very nice! I like the sliding door idea. Thanks for sharing.
        
       | amacneil wrote:
       | Awesome project! How long did it take total?
       | 
       | Note that it's against code to run electrical and data cable in
       | the same conduit, both for safety and interference. Get outdoor
       | rated cat 6 and leave it out of the conduit instead.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | Or run two conduits in parallel
        
       | Mizza wrote:
       | I hate to be a bore, but.. did zoning come into play? I know a
       | place that had to tear theirs down once the city found out.
        
         | psim1 wrote:
         | In my part of the US, a temporary structure does not require a
         | permit or zoning allowance, while a permanent structure does.
         | When we build sheds to meet the "temporary" definition, they
         | are built on top of cinderblocks and not a poured concrete
         | foundation. In this case, the author built his shed directly on
         | top of his patio, so I am curious whether this would be
         | considered a permanent or temporary installation.
        
           | codazoda wrote:
           | I think this would still be temporary in my area because you
           | can pick it up and put it on a flatbread trailer. The wiring
           | might change that.
           | 
           | I think there are still lots of rules to follow.
        
             | robotresearcher wrote:
             | Bonus points for the temporary trailer.
        
               | rzzzt wrote:
               | The question is how many flatbreads you need for building
               | one.
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | This is from California which is, uh, not known for a light
           | regulatory touch in things like permits or zoning.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | CA has been lightening up about ADUs, it's typically not
             | hard to put one in. There were a few legal changes in 2020,
             | allowing larger sizes, less planning oversight, less
             | parking requirements, utility hookups can be shared with
             | the primary building.
             | 
             | The permits are pretty easy to get.
        
             | pkaye wrote:
             | I live in SF bay area and I can build a accessory structure
             | of 150SF or smaller without a permit.
        
             | beamatronic wrote:
             | In Santa Cruz it is illegal to insulate your garage, lest
             | it become housing.
        
       | Fraaaank wrote:
       | Looks cool! What would worry me is that you're displaying a
       | screen and (presumably) a computer in front of a large window
       | outside of your house. Of course I don't know what the rest of
       | the property looks like, but from the pictures it looks perfect
       | for burglars.
        
         | Synaesthesia wrote:
         | Are you from South Africa by any chance?
        
         | nkrisc wrote:
         | He mentioned blackout curtains so perhaps he can at least
         | obscure what's inside when he locks up for the night.
         | 
         | But assuming it's a fenced in yard in the US, if someone is
         | already in there when they shouldn't be they're already quite
         | committed to mischief anyway.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | My interpretation is that the fence behind the shed is the
         | street, so the glass doors on the shed faces other houses.
         | Other houses which can probably already see TV/etc in the
         | presumably glass-doored living room that faces the same
         | direction if they were to look.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | IgorPartola wrote:
       | I am planning on building what is essentially a tiny house for my
       | shoffice. Basically I want something that also includes a bed and
       | a shower/bathroom. My biggest concern is whether I will need to
       | pull permits for this project and/or if I need a foundation or if
       | I can get away with a gravel pad + railroad ties as the base.
       | Tying into house plumbing and power is going to be the trick I
       | guess.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | At minimum, you should swing by (virtually these days, but in
         | past years, you could go in person) your local building
         | enforcement office. I suspect that as soon as you add
         | electrical or plumbing, you need permits and inspections, as
         | it's no longer a shed.
        
         | 2ICofafireteam wrote:
         | Some bylaw research is always in order because it can get
         | sticky.
         | 
         | Where I happen to be, I can build what I like without a permit
         | as long as it's under 100 sq ft, doesn't tie in to plumbing or
         | electrical, isn't in lot setback areas, and it doesn't push the
         | lot coverage over the limit _but_ if I were to park a trailer
         | on the property for any other reason than to store it, I 'm in
         | trouble.
         | 
         | Never assume. I knew someone in the situation of being on a
         | road that was a zone boundary. Research revealed they couldn't
         | do what they wanted just because the guy across the street was
         | doing it too.
         | 
         | Another angle to look into: Have you considered just buying a
         | travel trailer or pre-built shed to use as an office? More than
         | once I have personally fallen into the trap of spending $100 in
         | materials and $1000 of my time to avoid a $500 expense when my
         | time would have been better spent getting back to work to pay
         | for a bought solution.
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | I definitely am considering getting a camper as well. That
           | seems like a more straightforward solution, just potentially
           | a more expensive one in the long run.
           | 
           | I'll definitely do my research and see what I can come up
           | with.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | I think it's very likely that the OP was supposed to pull a
         | permit and get zoning permission, but if you are going to be
         | including plumbing and sleeping, you almost certainly need to.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | drodio wrote:
       | I'm such a fan of this. Nicely done! I opted for a $3k Costco
       | shed and went off grid with it even though it's in my back yard:
       | https://drodio.com/going-all-in-on-an-off-grid-workspace/
       | 
       | Off grid = No need for a permit but more importantly, a proof of
       | concept that with starlink, this small office "shedquarters"
       | could be placed anywhere in the world -- say a beach in Costa
       | Rica for example!
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Imagine if all the nerds that could afford it set up their
         | shacks on the beach in Costa Rica. Instant slum. I prefer the
         | beach without such structures.
        
           | drodio wrote:
           | Replace "beach in Costa Rica" with any remote (or not) global
           | location of your choice, which is the point.
           | 
           | We're 1 year away from a low latency, gigabit speed
           | "shedquarters" workspace being available anywhere in the
           | world for under $10k.
        
         | spiderice wrote:
         | Looks awesome. I'd love something like that in my backyard.
         | Only wish the write-up was longer!
        
           | drodio wrote:
           | The longer original shed writeup is here:
           | https://drodio.com/creating-your-own-remote-workspace-for-
           | un...
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | Being off-grid wouldn't normally get you around building code;
         | where are you that it does?
        
           | drodio wrote:
           | San Mateo: under 120 sq ft; no electrical.
        
         | jbluepolarbear wrote:
         | Was the fast internet stuff worth it? I have a google mesh
         | router in my garage about 20' from my house and I get ~180mbs
         | out there.
        
           | drodio wrote:
           | I'm using Ruckus setup which is bulletproof inside the house
           | but wasn't consistent in the shed, so yes, worth it
        
         | anotherevan wrote:
         | "Starlink works great until the cats find out that the dish
         | gives off a little heat on cold days."
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/Tippen22/status/1476985855981993984
        
       | aosaigh wrote:
       | This is great to see. Very nicely documented project and a
       | fantastic result. Encouraging to see people with little past
       | experience doing projects like this. I'm in the process of
       | planning a self-build cabin in the woods, so also diving into
       | YouTube to learn all of the requisite skills.
        
       | heyrhett wrote:
       | Seymour Cray would dig tunnels
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seymour_Cray#Personal_life
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rectang wrote:
       | There is so much involved with building structures, even
       | something like a shed. Sheesh.
       | 
       | I always figured that if I wanted to do a serious project like
       | this, I would first do some volunteer work, maybe with Habitat
       | for Humanity or similar, just to gain some experience.
       | 
       | Does anybody have stories about noobs volunteering to help with
       | construction?
        
       | ErrantX wrote:
       | I did this too!
       | 
       | It genuinely is not that hard. I did spend most time working out
       | the right spec (ie safety, structural etc.) and the main build
       | took me about 2 months. I was in by month 3 and fully finished by
       | 4 months.
       | 
       | I am ok with big structural stuff, interior (drywalling for
       | example) I don't have the finesse for, but it looks OK.
       | 
       | I love DIY, it gets me off a keyboard! And scratches the
       | engineering itch I miss as a people leader.
       | 
       | It's not hard though. Like anything it takes a bit of planning
       | and practice. Plus the confidence to have a go.
        
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