[HN Gopher] Some neurons are active when adding, others when sub...
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       Some neurons are active when adding, others when subtracting
        
       Author : gmays
       Score  : 54 points
       Date   : 2022-02-16 18:14 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.uni-bonn.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.uni-bonn.de)
        
       | Taniwha wrote:
       | it's not surprising of course - if only because most addition and
       | subtraction involves small sets of disjoint memorized number
       | facts
        
       | air7 wrote:
       | I haven't read the article, but isn't such a statement
       | tautologically true? Because neurons exist in all abstraction
       | levels of the thought process, if you compare any two distinct
       | processes, you're bound to find (by the fact that they are
       | distinct) some neurons that fire during one and not the other.
        
       | floxy wrote:
       | What about adding a positive number to a negative number?
        
       | lorenzfx wrote:
       | The PI was also involved in an earlier study [1, 2], that found
       | "Jennifer Aniston neurons", i.e., neurons that get activated when
       | the proband gets shown an image of Jennifer Aniston, but not
       | activated when shown the image of another celebrity.
       | 
       | It's probably not that surprising, that other cells are active
       | during other specific activities and inactive during others.
       | 
       | Anyway, it's fun seeing my old institute featured on hn.
       | [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4210637/
       | [2] https://sci-hub.st/https://doi.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037
       | %2F0033-295X.117.1.297
        
       | firebaze wrote:
       | This is only true for a large subset of people, I'd bet 80:20 on
       | :)
        
       | candlemas wrote:
       | I want to know what happens when you are asked to pick a random
       | number. How does the brain work that out?
        
         | asddubs wrote:
         | I read somewhere a long time ago that when asked to pick a
         | random number between 1 and 10, people are way more likely to
         | pick 7 than anything else
        
           | function_seven wrote:
           | I've confirmed this experimentally. (As in, I asked a bunch
           | of people to "pick a number from 1 to 10").
           | 
           | But that was a long time ago, and I wonder if the common
           | knowledge that '7' is the most popular would sway people to
           | avoid it. I know I do. I should re-run this.
           | 
           | In any case, it's clear that 7 is the most random digit,
           | right? The other digits are either even or otherwise "nice".
           | 7 is chaotic and unpredictable. 7 sells loose cigarettes to
           | middle school kids. 7 will leave the shopping cart in the
           | middle of the parking lot. Of all the digits in [1-10], it's
           | 7 who'll more likely than not be the one who left the
           | bathroom stall without flushing.
        
             | irrational wrote:
             | It's easy to draw a shape with 3 (triangle), 4 (square), 5
             | (pentagon or star shape), 6 (2 overlapping triangles), 8 (2
             | overlapping squares), 9 (3 overlapping triangles), and 10
             | (2 overlapping pentagons) sides; but a seven sided shape?
             | Screw that.
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | You just reminded me of something from when I worked at a
               | pizza place. Most of the time we sold pizzas cut the
               | normal way. Either 6, 8, or 10 slices using a circular
               | cutter. The normal style you might have in your kitchen.
               | 
               | But one Wednesday each month, we had a massive lunch
               | order for a local school. Hundreds of individually-boxed
               | slices, delivered just before 11:30. The slice box was
               | sized for a 1/7 slice of our extra large pizza. We had to
               | use a "wagon wheel" type slicer for those. It was a huge
               | stainless thing that must've cost a fortune.
               | 
               | I always wondered why it was 7 slices and not 6 or 8. The
               | best theory I could come up with was that these slices
               | all had to be the exact same size; no variance from
               | sloppy cutting. And the only way to ensure that would be
               | to specify it as an odd number to make it impractical for
               | the normal cutter.
        
               | tobr wrote:
               | A pentagon is one of the hardest things to draw well.
        
               | irrational wrote:
               | Draw a five pointed triangle (use the golden ratio if you
               | can't do it by hand) and then connect the points.
               | Pentagon!
        
               | dkersten wrote:
               | > five pointed triangle
               | 
               | :-)
        
               | irrational wrote:
               | Oh, right. In my mind a 5 pointed star is made up of 5
               | triangles, each in a 1.618 ratio, so I mixed up star and
               | triangle in my mind.
        
               | derrasterpunkt wrote:
               | Your username fits you well, sir.
        
             | noobly wrote:
             | I guess there's more to the story of why 6 is afraid of 7..
        
             | sorokod wrote:
             | When asked to "pick a number" or "pick a random number" why
             | should people avoid the popular 7 or 17 ? What property you
             | are expecting them to hit when you ask this question?
             | 
             | Also:
             | 
             | why was six afraid of seven? because seven ate nine
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Well when someone is asking me for a random digit, the
               | last thing I want to be is _predictable_! To avoid the
               | shame and embarrassment of being basic, I go with 2. Or
               | maybe 9. Depends on my mood.
        
               | sorokod wrote:
               | Maybe if you ask for an unpredictable number, you might
               | get different answers.
        
           | outworlder wrote:
           | That might explain why Data's lockout code in that particular
           | TNG episode has so many "7" on it :)
           | 
           | One, seven, three, four, six, seven, three, two, one, four,
           | seven, six, Charlie, three, two, seven, eight, nine, seven,
           | seven, seven, six, four, three, Tango, seven, three, two,
           | Victor, seven, three, one, one, seven, eight, eight, eight,
           | seven, three, two, four, seven, six, seven, eight, nine,
           | seven, six, four, three, seven, six. Lock.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rERApU26PcA
        
           | polishdude20 wrote:
           | I wonder if it's a feeling like this:
           | 
           | You feel like 1 - 5 are very familiar to you. You've known
           | those numbers the most out of all of them. So you'd rather
           | pick 5-10 which seem more spontaneous and mysterious. Your
           | balance mechanism kicks in and you want to choose something
           | that is in the middle. You choose seven because 7.5 is the
           | actual middle and hey, there's a 7 in that number so let's do
           | that.
        
         | 323 wrote:
         | It's well established that 17 is the most random number between
         | 1 and 20.
         | 
         | https://www.livejournal.com/poll/?id=961998
        
         | sorokod wrote:
         | Not very well. The brain evolved in environment that encourages
         | the assumption that events are dependent. The concept of
         | independent events is not natural to us.
        
         | thecoppinger wrote:
         | I imagine by finding a number with some sub-conscious relevance
         | in that moment, then convincing our conscious self that it's
         | random.
        
           | junon wrote:
           | I'm literally the furthest thing from a neuro expert but I
           | feel like we do this with a lot of things. Over-confidence is
           | a pretty on the nose example.
        
         | throwamon wrote:
         | This may indirectly answer your question:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tP-Ipsat90c
         | 
         | TLDW: We don't pick numbers at random. At all. We're so bad at
         | it that you can make money off this fact.
        
       | kensai wrote:
       | Fascinating! I wonder if multiplication/division is just a
       | combination of these neurons or again some other.
        
         | JackFr wrote:
         | It's not.
         | 
         | This is garbage research. Nine participants took part in a
         | study where they were prompted to do mental arithmetic adding
         | or subtracting numbers between 0-5 while wired up with ultra-
         | fine electrodes measuring the how frequently 585 individual
         | neurons fired while completeing the task.
         | 
         | I presume at that point the data were mined for a publishable
         | result. What they came up with was that by selecting a very
         | small subset (~%5) of the neurons they measured they were able
         | to tease out a result that certain neurons 'encode addition or
         | subtraction'.
         | 
         | Is this real? Maybe. It's in now way explanatory. It doesn't
         | offer any sort of model hypothesis or predictions worth
         | testing. It's really a waste of time.
        
       | 323 wrote:
       | Not that surprising.
       | 
       | For humans, unlike for computers, adding and subtracting are
       | different concepts. Think about how most people would transform
       | "-3 + 7" into "7 - 3" and only then compute, because it's easier
       | to "reverse" the operation than work with negative numbers.
        
       | csee wrote:
       | Any way to see what's going on inside one of these neurons while
       | it's spiking for a particular calculation problem
        
       | pwdisswordfish9 wrote:
       | It would have been strange if brain activity looked exactly the
       | same while performing different tasks.
       | 
       | I mean, for once we might actually have some evidence for
       | dualism.
        
       | heurisko wrote:
       | I wonder if it is also plausible that these neurons are not
       | showing as active for calculation purposes, but instead active as
       | they are triggering the human emotion to loss aversion.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_aversion
        
         | 323 wrote:
         | Loss aversion has a bit of a reproducibility problem, as stated
         | even in your link.
         | 
         | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00426-018-1013-8
         | 
         | https://osf.io/en9qj/
        
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