[HN Gopher] Minimal English (2018)
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       Minimal English (2018)
        
       Author : raldu
       Score  : 30 points
       Date   : 2022-02-26 19:38 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (intranet.secure.griffith.edu.au)
 (TXT) w3m dump (intranet.secure.griffith.edu.au)
        
       | Naac wrote:
       | Reading the paragraph about Galileo's telescope reminded me of
       | Guy Steele's talk Growing a Language:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ahvzDzKdB0
        
         | mwcampbell wrote:
         | It does have a similar feel, but IIUC, Minimal English is
         | trying to be systematic about restricting itself to true
         | primitives, as opposed to starting with all of the words that
         | happen to be one syllable in English. I imagine one can compose
         | many hard-to-translate expressions out of one-syllable words.
        
       | gmuslera wrote:
       | My first thought when starting to read about this was xkcd's
       | Thing Explainer.
       | 
       | But will this carry all the meanings (including cultural ones) of
       | those words to the translations to other languages ?
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | No. Read "Orwell, the Lost Writings", in which he discusses his
         | job during WWII - translating the BBC news into Simple English
         | for broadcast to the Colonies (mostly India and Hong Kong). He
         | discovered that translating to Simple English required pounding
         | out any political nuances into plain language, and that doing
         | so was itself a political act. That was the genesis of Newspeak
         | in "1984".
        
         | addaon wrote:
         | Also simple English, which has a surprisingly complete
         | wikipedia translation (https://simple.wikipedia.org/).
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | Yea, I was wondering what the differences were when I read
           | this article. I hadn't previously heard about Minimal
           | English, while I had heard of Simple English.
        
           | mananaysiempre wrote:
           | There's also ASD-STE100[1], a standard apparently for
           | technical documentation and ATC communcation(?), though while
           | it is designed to assist ESL learners, it probably doesn't
           | exactly count as _simple_ from a native reading-level
           | perspective.
           | 
           | Also, this is the second[2] thread today that merits a
           | mention of Steele's _Growing a language_ [3]!
           | 
           | [1] https://asd-ste100.org/
           | 
           | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30481035
           | 
           | [3] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30481443
        
       | mwcampbell wrote:
       | > Another obstacle is that simple vocabulary is a turn-off for
       | some people, no matter how elegantly it is used and regardless of
       | the content. Sometimes it comes down to a fear of sounding
       | "childish".
       | 
       | A related objection: I imagine that if I, as a native English
       | speaker, were to speak to a non-native speaker in minimal
       | English, it would seem patronizing. I wonder what the actual
       | intended applications of this are.
        
       | zackmorris wrote:
       | Huh, I had never heard of this, but a quick search revealed a
       | minimal English checker that works with the sample text in the
       | article:
       | 
       | https://learnthesewordsfirst.com/tools/CheckMinimalEnglish.h...
       | 
       | I couldn't find a minimal English translator online though. The
       | closest are these for simple English, which I hadn't heard of
       | either until addaon's comment here:
       | 
       | https://www.simplish.org/conversion/F1618DD6/
       | 
       | https://www.online-utility.org/english/simple_basic_helper.j...
       | 
       | https://seotoolzz.com/article-simplifier.php
       | 
       | https://ds.gpii.net/learn/accessibility-masterlist/translate...
       | 
       | I feel like if there was a semester class or certification to
       | know how to convert one's language to minimal, and another to
       | know how to convert between minimal languages, we'd be well on
       | our way to being able to communicate with anyone.
       | 
       | The alternative is to invent a language like Common in role
       | playing games, and expect everyone to learn it. Unfortunately,
       | that just doesn't work, as shown by Esperanto's lack of adoption:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto_Wikipedia
       | 
       | https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/
       | 
       | To me, it looks a bit like the Spanish I know, but I can't really
       | read it.
       | 
       | Programmers have Lisp and the shell and assembly and SQL and even
       | C-based languages like Javascript that they can fall back to when
       | explaining something. It's been a long time since I looked at a
       | piece of mainstream code and didn't immediately grok what it's
       | generally doing.
       | 
       | I feel like there's something to that. For example, I never had
       | to "learn" PHP, because it stems from the context and metaphors
       | used by the shell and C++. If you know how string interpolation
       | works with "$var" and how associative arrays work with
       | $array['dog'] = 'cat', then congratulations, you already mostly
       | know PHP. But I never fully internalized how Ruby works, because
       | it attempts to transcend the commonalities and be its own
       | language, more like Perl maybe. I'm not quite saying that right,
       | but maybe there's a term for that concept. Ruby might be more
       | "expressive" than PHP, which can result in a steeper learning
       | curve.
       | 
       | So translating English to Japanese, for example, might be like
       | Python to Ruby, but we'd be better off doing something like
       | Python -> C <-> C++ -> Ruby. That way anyone who knew C or C++
       | could generally communicate with anyone. But we don't teach (or
       | even have) those common basis languages for communication?
        
       | raidicy wrote:
       | I have studied Toki pona for a little while in the past. It's
       | emphasis is on minimalism and context. Especially since the
       | Lexicon is around 130 words. It sounds like things can be
       | ambiguous, but once you get a hang of it communicating is pretty
       | easy.
       | 
       | In my opinion this allows you to learn the grammar and how to
       | speak relatively easily( which is also helped by the fact that
       | there are relatively few grammar Concepts)
       | 
       | Further there is an offshoot of the community called Toki ma,
       | where it's emphasis is on building on the Concepts that are from
       | Toki pona and extending them to be more of an aux lang and to be
       | more fledged out as to be able to discuss complicated Topics.
       | 
       | With all that said, I really would like to see some sort of
       | version of this for other languages. From my limited language
       | learning it seems there's a huge learning curve in the beginning
       | that can somewhat taper off after you get a good handle on a
       | language's grammar. For example knowing definitively three to
       | four hundred words you must know to be able to speak basic
       | Japanese/Spanish/French etc, cuts down on your study
       | requirements.
       | 
       | There are of course arguments against this, but it seems like a
       | cool idea.
        
       | WalterGR wrote:
       | NSM, undefined in the article, appears to be
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_semantic_metalanguag...
       | 
       | "The natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) is a linguistic theory
       | that reduces lexicons down to a set of semantic primitives"
        
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