[HN Gopher] NY energy grid: Real-time dashboard
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       NY energy grid: Real-time dashboard
        
       Author : firstbase
       Score  : 113 points
       Date   : 2022-03-11 16:57 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nyiso.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nyiso.com)
        
       | 7thaccount wrote:
       | Just an FYI,
       | 
       | All RTO/ISOs in the US have a variety of dashboards to describe
       | realtime and historical information, as do the Canadian entities.
       | So you can see the same thing for CAISO, ERCOT, SPP, MISO, PJM,
       | ISO-NE...etc on their websites.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Check out ElectricityMap.org, they scrape the independent
         | dashboards (CAISO, NYISO, ISO-NE, ERCOT) for generation mix
         | data, anything else (in the US) is pulled from EIA's balancing
         | authority API with a 6-12 hour lag (ElectricityMap uses machine
         | learning to provide real time estimates based on historical
         | data for data delayed zones, and it is _spooky_ how accurate it
         | is [Chile in particular] when the data backfills and "catches
         | up").
         | 
         | https://app.electricitymap.org
         | 
         | https://www.eia.gov/electricity/gridmonitor/dashboard/electr...
         | 
         | Edit: (can't reply, HN throttling) @mardifoufs
         | https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/hydro-quebec-could-l...
         | 
         | https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/maine-vote-hydro-quebec-1.6233...
         | 
         | (NIMBYs in Maine sandbagging export of clean hydro to New
         | England ISOs)
        
           | mardifoufs wrote:
           | Woah Quebec seems to have the lowest (?) Carbon intensity on
           | the map. Hydro power is just amazing, and I'm glad we had
           | very forward looking PMs back in the 60-70s who pushed for
           | massive hydro projects even when the costs were gigantic.
           | There's still so much hydro potential in the province that
           | isn't being used though.
           | 
           | Makes me wonder if it would be possible to build up our hydro
           | capacity specifically for export instead of just exporting
           | our surpluses like we do now. Maybe it won't be profitable
           | now, but would it be too energy inefficient to transport much
           | more electricity from the north of the province to further
           | south than New England?
        
             | ceroxylon wrote:
             | There is a fair amount of missing / misleading data on that
             | map, e.g. Brazil is the 25th largest consumer of coal[0],
             | but the map claims 95+% of Brazil's energy consumption is
             | renewable and lists their coal percentage as "?"
             | 
             | [0] https://www.worldometers.info/coal/coal-consumption-by-
             | count...
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | The data for that link looks like it ends in 2016 for
               | Brazil. ElectricityMap is parsing the data directly from
               | the grid operator.
               | 
               | https://www.worldometers.info/coal/brazil-coal/#coal-
               | consump...
               | 
               | https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=49436
               | ("Brazil largely relies on hydropower for electricity
               | generation; in 2020, hydropower supplied 66% of its
               | electricity demand. Wind and solar generation have grown
               | quickly in recent years and had a combined 11% share of
               | the country's electricity generation in 2020. Biomass
               | accounted for an 8% share. Fossil fuel-fired plants made
               | up another 12% of electricity generation, while nuclear
               | power accounted for 2%.")
        
             | liketochill wrote:
             | And yet everyone is critical of current mega projects that
             | are being built now that will benefit future generations.
             | 
             | Site C in BC Muskrat falls in NL/Labrador Keeyask in
             | Manitoba.
             | 
             | All while We benefit from paid down mega projects from
             | decades ago that our predecessors had the grit to fund and
             | build
        
         | finiteseries wrote:
         | There is a very nice volunteer made one for ERCOT that popped
         | up during the freeze last year, on datadog no less.
         | 
         | https://p.datadoghq.com/sb/5c2fc00be-393be929c9c55c3b80b557d...
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Much nicer than ERCOT's imho.
        
             | pfdietz wrote:
             | Ercot's is ok, and tells you things like solar and wind
             | production. They're producing nearly 20 GW from wind right
             | at this moment.
        
       | trinovantes wrote:
       | Ontario also has a dashboard https://www.ieso.ca/power-data
       | 
       | I'm glad most of our energy is from non-carbon sources
        
         | cosmic_quanta wrote:
         | I am surprised at how much nuclear power (~50% of the total
         | supply) is produced in Ontario!
        
       | johnnyb9 wrote:
       | Nice, now I can visualize how much more I'm paying after the
       | shutdown of Indian Point nuclear plant in favor of expensive
       | fossil fuels.
        
         | thaway2839 wrote:
         | Will you be factoring in the cost of an accident (you can
         | adjust the rarity of the accident to get your expected value)
         | destroying the entire economic engine of the state?
         | 
         | A lot of nuclear closures make no sense. Germany's
         | indiscriminate shutting down of all the nuclear power plants in
         | the country without waiting for renewable alternatives to be
         | online was a bad idea.
         | 
         | However, specific shutdowns do make sense. A nuclear plant
         | situation upstream of the biggest city in the US, right by the
         | entire city's water supply is very high up in the list of
         | existing nuclear shutdowns that make sense.
        
           | johnnyb9 wrote:
           | Sure, like Fukushima, which is rare, and had a single death?
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | The economic damages of a 30km exclusion zone that close to
             | NYC might be significant, even without deaths.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | Also the Japanese government is projecting a total of
               | somewhere between $200 billion and $600 billion to clean
               | up the mess left behind -- amortizing that on the $/MWh
               | produced by the power plant would probably lead to
               | _slightly_ more expensive power...
               | 
               | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/clearing-the-
               | radi...
        
           | Wowfunhappy wrote:
           | Will you be factoring in the healthcare costs associated with
           | burning more diesel and natural gas? (Not even getting into
           | the externalities of climate change.)
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | I thought Kurzgesagt did a pretty good job of breaking this
           | down: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jzfpyo-q-RM. Basically,
           | no matter how you look at it, nuclear is among the safest
           | forms of energy we have, behind _only_ solar, wind, and
           | hydropower. Admittedly, deaths [?] costs, but I imagine the
           | numbers would be similar.
        
             | cupofpython wrote:
             | nuclear is also incredibly hard to build an accurate model
             | for because the concern tends to revolve around the risk of
             | human stupidity causing major issues.
             | 
             | on top of that, i feel like there is a lot of hand waving
             | involved with the waste. if we really industrialized
             | nuclear fuel worldwide - we would be creating a lot of
             | nuclear waste. theoretically, this isnt a problem.
             | 
             | what id like to see, and may do one day if i run out of
             | projects, is at what risk factor does nuclear equal fossil
             | fuels. not, look how much better it is, but "this is about
             | how dumb we would need to be in our handling of nuclear
             | plants to cause about the same damage as our current system
             | does"
             | 
             | making it apples to apples like that would make it much
             | clearer.. % risk of this or that is tough to internalize
             | for a lot of people. but is active sabotage of 1 out of
             | every 10 plants necessary to be as bad as current energy?
             | or is just 1 plant failing enough to make nuclear worse and
             | we are just saying the likelihood of just 1 plant failing
             | is astronomically small
        
       | infogulch wrote:
       | The past few years have shown that our infrastructure --
       | electricity, fuel, shipping, etc -- is more fragile than we
       | expected. We're running on very thin margins, which is
       | efficient!, but not very durable.
       | 
       | These systems should have a larger buffer for variation than what
       | they run at now, and we should regularly exercise their
       | flexibility. A chaos monkey for infrastructure perhaps. It will
       | be a pain to deal with outages in normal times, but much less of
       | a pain than being surprised by their inflexibility in the middle
       | of some other crisis.
        
       | primis wrote:
       | Interesting that the graph of power is split between "Renewables"
       | and "other" which explicitly pulls nuclear out of that equation.
       | NY has currently about 36.5% Renewables right now in their power
       | mix. If they instead labeled it as "Fossil Fuels" and "Non-Fossil
       | Power", the "Non-Fossil" Power production would be 54.3%!
       | 
       | Also, I love how constant that Nuclear line is across the
       | generation graph.
        
         | powerbroker wrote:
         | Here is the percentage of the combined wind + Solar + Nuclear +
         | Hydroelectric on some grids in the East & Midwest, along with
         | their direction of growth/decline at 5PM EST on 3/11/2022:
         | ERCOT  57.3  Electric Reliability Council of Texas       MISO
         | 41.9 - Midwest Independent System Operator       NYIS   50.6
         | New York Independent System Operator            SPP    44.4
         | SouthWest Power Pool            PJM    42.4 / PJM
         | Interconnection (PN, NJ, MD, OH, IN, DE & CHicago)
        
       | lprubin wrote:
       | Can anyone explain the dip in power usage between 11am and 4pm?
       | Why would less energy used between those hours?
        
         | kemiller wrote:
         | Warmest part of the day?
        
       | swarnie wrote:
       | For those interested the UK have a similar but much cooler
       | looking DB (in my opinion)
       | 
       | https://www.gridwatch.templar.co.uk/
        
       | oofbey wrote:
       | What units is this? $35 per what? Megawatt-hour?
        
         | mikeyouse wrote:
         | Yep - LBMP for NYISO is the local based marginal price in
         | $/MWh;
         | 
         | https://www.nyiso.com/documents/20142/3625950/mpug.pdf/
        
       | fotta wrote:
       | California's ISO has a similar dashboard:
       | https://www.caiso.com/TodaysOutlook/Pages/default.aspx
        
         | reincarnate0x14 wrote:
         | Every major regional ISO does in North America and most of the
         | ones in the equivalent market organizations in Europe do as
         | well. The historian data this uses was made easily publishable
         | about 8 years or so ago and you can get quite detailed API
         | dumps from most of them, although usually at a time-delay to
         | meet their requirements for market protection.
         | 
         | Worldwide OSIsoft's PI is the outsized leader in that but there
         | are numerous other historians with modernized REST API outputs,
         | etc, from Canary Labs and most SCADA systems will at least
         | include their own discount version built on top of Postgres or
         | something. The more dedicated ones use time-series databases
         | versus relational ones but with modern storage and processing
         | that isn't as big of a performance issue as it was in the 80s
         | and 90s.
         | 
         | OATI is big in that space as well for inter-utility aggregation
         | and transfer, as well as some other company I'm blanking on the
         | name of out of Illinois that was widely used as least in WECC.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Right now, the marginal price is $36/MWh.
       | 
       | Over in England, the marginal price is $268/MWh. [1]
       | 
       | When the price of energy is 7x higher, businesses cannot compete.
       | Everything takes energy to use or make.
       | 
       | Yet few economists look at the price of energy when deciding
       | which nations will rise and which will fall. Perhaps they should.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.bmreports.com/bmrs/?q=eds/main
        
         | clappski wrote:
         | Something to bare in mind when you're looking at both of those
         | is the price is highly dependent on a number of factors;
         | 
         | - Type of generation, looking at the NY data they have a huge
         | hydro generation, obviously the UK grid has much less of that
         | 
         | - Time of day, the Elexon graph is showing you the system price
         | per 30 minute settlement period. You can see that some of those
         | periods weren't anywhere near what you're quoting (there was
         | literally a period where the system price was 0PS in the last
         | 24h).
         | https://www.bmreports.com/bmrs/?q=balancing/systemsellbuypri...
         | makes the volatility much more obvious.
         | 
         | - The weather, it plays a big part in the system price due to
         | price disparity of renewables (commonly wind in the UK grid)
         | compared to oil based and gas generation.
         | 
         | - The interconnect, the UK grid has interconnectors to the EU
         | grid so there's some price impact from that
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | idiotsecant wrote:
         | You should also consider that the whole idea of a network of
         | large independent system operators is part of the reason why
         | power can be cheap in the US - you can dispatch the most
         | economically viable generation source over a wide area. The UK
         | is roughly equivalent to a mid-sized US state in terms of
         | energy market (roughly half the market of California, for
         | example). Having the UK act as it's own electrical balancing
         | authority and responsible for it's own power contracts is
         | remarkably inefficient. The prices reflect that. In a sane
         | world all of Europe would be under a common balancing authority
         | that could dispatch power economically based on the generation
         | and load across the entire region. The US is moving in this
         | direction, we've already got several very large BAs and will
         | eventually be under a single authority or a few very large
         | regional authorities.
         | 
         | This is one of those many cases where the politics of the
         | situation and the physics of the situation go to war and the
         | politics wins.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | The UK already has power interconnects with lots of Europe,
           | and all trading is done in a half-hourly market, so
           | effectively a power generator in greece is competing with a
           | power generator in scotland on price. Obviously as soon as
           | the interconnects are full to capacity, that is no longer the
           | case...
        
           | nicoburns wrote:
           | > In a sane world all of Europe would be under a common
           | balancing authority that could dispatch power economically
           | based on the generation and load across the entire region
           | 
           | There are some pretty solid geographical reasons why the UK
           | the isn't tied into the European grid (more than by a few
           | interconnects).
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | I assume that the UK is like the US in providing separate
         | commercial electricity rates, so I'm not sure that there's a
         | meaningful comparison to be made directly here.
        
           | selectodude wrote:
           | Those are wholesale rates, literally everybody will be paying
           | more than that. Business will be paying less of a premium.
        
             | tialaramex wrote:
             | No, consumers will likely be paying the capped price.
             | 
             | (A regulator on behalf of) the British government sets a
             | six monthly price cap, based on the actual prices from a
             | historical six month period, ordinarily this cap just means
             | that people who are too poor or too lazy to "shop around"
             | for a better deal pay no more than this amount for their
             | electricity, but because the UK uses a _lot_ of natural gas
             | to make electricity and European gas prices are very high
             | now (even though the UK has its own gas fields and doesn 't
             | use very much Russian gas) the cap is actually lower than
             | any rational supplier would offer, and so there are no
             | "better deals" out there, the alternatives are fixed rates
             | _far_ higher than the cap for long periods, essentially a
             | bet that prices will go _much_ higher and stay high.
             | 
             | Right now the price cap is 21p per kWh (plus standing
             | charges) and in April it rises to 28p per kWh, it is
             | already anticipated that in October it will be closer to
             | 40p per kWh.
             | 
             | Because metric units are convenient that means right now
             | wholesale energy prices above PS210 per MWh mean a loss
             | _even before expenses_ to the suppliers, and from April
             | until October, wholesale prices above PS280 per MWh are
             | likewise a loss. Peak prices of typically PS300-PS400 are
             | _literally bankrupting_ the suppliers.
             | 
             | For small suppliers the consequence is they went bankrupt
             | last year, in huge numbers once these prices began to bite.
             | Some hadn't even been profitable with normal prices, so now
             | asked to eat millions of pounds per month of losses they
             | just folded. Their customers were handed to the other
             | suppliers, on these capped rates, which are of course hurt
             | those suppliers too. The biggest will probably survive
             | this, if necessary with government money (although none of
             | the "suppliers" for consumers actually supply any
             | electricity anywhere, they exist on paper to satisfy a pro-
             | business agenda for government, obviously if you're
             | confident of the principle that capitalism is a good idea
             | then more capitalism is a better idea right?)
             | 
             | Anyway, as a result of the cap, essentially all consumers
             | are not paying what electricity actually costs. British
             | consumers are _angry_ because their bills went up maybe
             | 40-50%. But the wholesale prices more than doubled. They,
             | as you might say, ain 't seen nothing yet.
             | 
             | I can afford this, lots of people cannot.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Which raises the question... Can I as a consumer put a
               | big pump in my back yard to pump water uphill (paying the
               | price cap), and then own a company that generates power
               | from the water flowing down the hill, and get paid
               | wholesale rates, profiting from the difference?
        
       | tqmcb wrote:
       | Really interesting data here. I wonder if someone could reverse
       | the estimate algorithm to see what impact weather has. I'm
       | guessing that's the largest single factor? Might be useful to
       | have that information readily available for those using their own
       | personal solar panels.
        
       | woodruffw wrote:
       | Tangentially related: New York is home to NYPA[1], the largest
       | public power utility/authority in the United States. NYPA is
       | entirely owned by the public, produces some of the cheapest (and
       | greenest) power in the country, and is funded in perpetuity by
       | bonds instead of taxes.
       | 
       | Edit: This bond announcement[2] document claims that NYPA
       | provides over 25% of NY's electricity and owns over 30% of the
       | physical delivery infrastructure in the state.
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Power_Authority
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.nypa.gov/-/media/nypa/documents/document-
       | library...
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | I grew up near this NYPA facility, which is a really
         | interesting energy storage idea:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenheim%E2%80%93Gilboa_Hydroe...
         | 
         | Basically, they built a reservoir on top of a mountain, and
         | pump water up there during off peak times. When NYC hits peak
         | demand, they let the water flow down. Essentially a giant water
         | battery!
        
           | nickt wrote:
           | There's a similar facility at Dinorwig in Wales. It's
           | important not only to handle the load of all the kettles
           | being switched on at half-time (what they refer to as "TV
           | pickup", an almost 3GW increase in demand), but it's also a
           | "black start" site.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinorwig_Power_Station
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_start
        
           | klenwell wrote:
           | I found myself talking randomly to an Enron engineer years
           | ago right around the time they were imploding. He described
           | working on a similar project. Pump the water up in the dead
           | of night. Let it flow down the next day.
           | 
           | Then, well, certain facts came to light and the project got
           | halted. At the time we were talking, he was reporting to an
           | empty office to search for a new job.
        
           | nsomani wrote:
           | Yeah it's actually very common, it's called pumped storage.
           | Many power pricing models will treat them identically to
           | batteries given they also bid into what's called the
           | "ancillary services market," which exists for reliability
           | purposes to balance the grid when supply and demand don't
           | perfectly match up. You can read about other types of storage
           | on the PJM ISO website: https://learn.pjm.com/energy-
           | innovations/energy-storage
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Pumped storage - always interesting highly doubt it will be
           | realized in any real meaningful way (might be some
           | interesting one off projectS). We've stopped building dams
           | and its too difficult to site close to markets.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | Whether it's close to markets or not is not particularly
             | relevant. I am a engineer at a utility whose power mix is
             | primarily hydroelectric and whose customer base is
             | primarily _not_ at the top of a mountain in a steep canyon
             | river. That 's what transmission lines are for! With the
             | increasing role of regional ISO likes the subject of this
             | article those transmission networks only get more
             | efficient.
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Proximity matters to minimize losses and lower
               | transmissions costs for economic viability of the plant.
               | 
               | Obviously Im not talking about the population being at
               | the top of the mountain I'm talking about geological
               | formations that are viable that are close to the marke in
               | order for the value prop of energy storage from pumped
               | storage to realized
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | China just finished the largest one in the world. It
             | produces more power than a nuclear power plant.
             | 
             | UK is building a huge one too.
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | How has hydroelectricity worked for china? Three gorges
               | was a total cluster.
        
           | woodruffw wrote:
           | Pumped storage is an incredible technology. I'm glad that
           | chemical battery technology is advancing, but I would love to
           | see more construction of this sort!
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | is there enough difference in price to actually turn a profit
           | doing that?
        
             | tialaramex wrote:
             | It depends, but in some cases certainly.
             | 
             | https://www.bmreports.com/bmrs/?q=eds/main
             | 
             | That top left graph is showing you the (notional) system
             | price for grid electricity in the UK. The x axis is
             | settlement periods, which are 30 minutes long, thus period
             | 14 on that graph ends 0700 local time, before many people
             | are awake, system price was PS0 per MWh. You want it? Have
             | it. The evening peak a few hours ago was PS327 per MWh. So
             | if you bought 2GWh of electricity this morning and sold
             | just 50% of it back this evening (accounting for losses)
             | you made over PS300 000 on that transaction.
             | 
             | Now, those sites aren't free, I'm sure you need a dozen or
             | more specialist engineers who aren't paid minimum wage to
             | run a plant like that, and the spares are doubtless
             | expensive, it's not as though everybody has a spare 100MW
             | turbine/ pump sat around you could buy. But you can do that
             | most days and sometimes twice a day, so it's potentially a
             | nice earner. Once upon a time all the ones in the UK were
             | owned by the government but today they are owned by for-
             | profit corporations.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | Admittedly, this is in the UK where electricity is ~10x
               | more expensive at peak.
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | Its not about turning a profit, but running the grid. You
             | have to meet demand. The options are basically to build
             | pumped storage to smooth out supply and demand, or build
             | more peaker plants to meet demand spikes.
        
               | nsomani wrote:
               | Yes, but it's also about turning a profit, because you
               | have to incentivize power producers to build pumped
               | storage / batteries / etc. The ISO markets are
               | unregulated in that respect, since the government doesn't
               | build or control the power plants.
        
           | tialaramex wrote:
           | There are a good few pumped storage sites in the world,
           | here's the one most convenient for me to visit (now that
           | COVID-19 precautions have eased) in Scotland:
           | 
           | https://www.visitcruachan.co.uk/
           | 
           | It isn't practical to build mountains, so you need to find
           | some natural mountains you don't mind cutting a big hole
           | into, with a pre-existing lake at the top, at the bottom, or
           | ideally both, and then spend a lot of money building the
           | storage system, plus hook it up to the grid.
           | 
           | The US does have lots of spare mountains, but they aren't
           | exactly in the middle of cities where it would be convenient,
           | so the infrastructure cost is very large.
           | 
           | In the UK one rationale for these sites is that they have
           | Black Start capability. In the event of a complete network
           | failure, there is no grid power, most power stations can't be
           | started from this situation, they need the grid first. At
           | suitably equipped pumped storage sites a relatively modest
           | amount of local electrical power (e.g. from a portable diesel
           | generator) is enough to get the site running with no outside
           | help, whereupon it can produce, for a few hours, a great deal
           | of electrical power for the grid, and other generators on the
           | grid can use that power to start themselves up safely. By the
           | time the reservoir is empty, lots of other generators are
           | back online. Black Start justified paying them money to exist
           | even back when they weren't regularly used. Today cheap wind
           | power means pumped storage is economic anyway, fill it up at
           | night with cheap power (sometimes at _negative_ cost) and
           | then generate electricity in the early evening peak with all
           | that water.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | The infrastructure cost is not nearly the burden that the
             | regulatory process is. Building any kind of hydroelectric
             | in the United States is a massive political and
             | bureaucratic undertaking. If you plan on building pumped
             | storage you better set aside a decade or two of constant
             | effort to get through that process. Once you have that part
             | done the actual building of it is comparatively simple. I
             | am an engineer in hydro and would absolutely love the
             | chance to be involved in more pumped storage projects but
             | they are quite rare for that reason, despite being a
             | perfect match for what our grid currently needs (much more
             | storage!)
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Pumped hydro is cool, but we already have more storage
               | than we need, its called "not burning gas". And until we
               | run out of opportunities to not burn gas, theres no real
               | demand for storage. Hopefully well get there soon, but
               | the more people say "we can't build more renewables until
               | we have storage", the longer that is going to take.
        
               | replygirl wrote:
               | europe came within weeks of consumer energy rationing
               | this winter because it almost ran out of natural gas.
               | 
               | in the us, our natural gas infrastructure is such that if
               | you build a new building in new york city, you can't get
               | a gas hookup.
        
             | s0rce wrote:
             | The US already has tons of reservoirs in the mountains. I
             | think California does do some pumped hydro energy storage
             | at the moment.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helms_Pumped_Storage_Plant
             | 
             | https://www.sdcwa.org/projects/san-vicente-pumping-
             | facilitie...
        
       | Wowfunhappy wrote:
       | Why is power produced by wood (which I assume means _burning_
       | wood) listed alongside solar in  "other renewables"?
       | 
       | I guess technically trees are renewable? I assume burning them
       | releases CO2 though...
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | Growing them captures CO2. Burning them releases that same CO2.
        
         | reincarnate0x14 wrote:
         | Biosphere carbon is carbon neutral. If you grow a tree, pulp
         | the tree, and burn the tree, the amount of overall carbon
         | available has not changed as the process of growing new trees
         | will reuse the same carbon. Ignoring external energy costs,
         | obvs.
         | 
         | It's a little weird to think about but those wood burning
         | plants are mostly taking the production waste of lumber
         | processing and using it for fuel, similar to wood pellet grills
         | but much larger, and it burns surprisingly clean, relatively
         | speaking anyway.
         | 
         | What's killing us is pulling billions of tons of carbon that
         | was buried deep in the earth and reinjecting that into the
         | atmosphere.
        
           | Swenrekcah wrote:
           | However, while carbon neutral from trees would have been
           | great in the past and hopefully will be again in the future,
           | _right now_ it's not our saviour because it takes decades to
           | rebind the carbon in a new tree and we don't have decades
           | anymore.
           | 
           | So it's like natural gas, a marginally better thing than coal
           | and oil but still not great.
           | 
           | Same with carbon offsets from planting trees, it might be
           | fine to require planting trees for every flight or something
           | but it really should not be used to "offset" the emissions
           | because it won't.
        
             | TameAntelope wrote:
             | That's not true though, because it's not 1:1 -- we don't
             | burn one tree, pause, plant a new tree, we burn millions of
             | trees while many more millions of other trees are
             | simultaneously being grown and are at various stages of
             | maturity, only a handful of which (relatively) will be
             | burned for fuel like this.
             | 
             | The carbon from the tree burned can be absorbed by all the
             | other, currently growing, trees.
        
             | ZeroGravitas wrote:
             | If the sawdust and twigs was just going to be dumped to
             | rot, then it would give off methane, so similar to food
             | composting, burning that output can be GHG negative. Its
             | not going to be a primary source of power, because solar
             | and wind are so ridiculously cheap and scalable, but every
             | little bit helps in the short term. Once fossil fuels are
             | elimanted it'll make sense to do other things with them,
             | rather than burn them.
        
           | Wowfunhappy wrote:
           | Huh! I guess it depends on whether those trees will actually
           | end up being repopulated. I'm still not sure I'd put it in
           | the same class as solar energy for that reason (not arguing
           | against it as a power source), although perhaps solar
           | generates so little the distinction is meaningless?
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | Tree farming is pretty common, both for lumber and biomass
             | fuel. NY state has over 300,000 acres of tree farms.
             | https://www.nytreefarm.org/about/
        
             | reincarnate0x14 wrote:
             | Solar and wind and hydro and nuclear aren't carbon neutral
             | though, they're zero carbon (again excluding external costs
             | of production, etc). With carbon-neutral the amount of
             | biosphere C stays constant, with carbon zero is may
             | potentially go back down as natural or artificial carbon
             | capture processes happen.
             | 
             | It's not a distinction that is made in public discourse
             | commonly but matters if, for example, it's powering a
             | carbon capture system or producing methane from atmospheric
             | gasses. Doing that via a carbon-neutral system would be a
             | net negative energy relatively to carbon usage case,
             | whereas using a nuclear reactor or solar plant to do it
             | when it's overproducing relative to immediate grid load
             | would work out.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _With carbon-neutral the amount of biosphere C stays
               | constant, with carbon zero is may potentially go back
               | down as natural or artificial carbon capture processes
               | happen_
               | 
               | The net effect is the same. A country running on biofuels
               | and a country running on solar will have the same net
               | production irrespective of carbon capture. One emits and
               | absorbs while the other never emits.
        
               | LordDragonfang wrote:
               | Assuming a totally steady-state biosphere, and that zero-
               | carbon energy and carbon capture are mutually exclusive,
               | which are not a valid assumptions. Almost every first-
               | world country's biosphere is limited by human action, so
               | a country running on "zero carbon" energy can allow the
               | biosphere to capture carbon at effectively the same rate
               | as the biofuel country, and _not_ release the carbon back
               | into the atmosphere.
        
         | dahfizz wrote:
         | Those trees are farmed for burning. So the wood is renewable -
         | Every X unit of time, the earth renews that supply of wood.
         | Renewable does not mean without carbon dioxide, although this
         | is a carbon neutral process (CO2 taken out of the atmosphere
         | when the trees grow, and released back as they burn).
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | Renewable doesn't mean Co2-less, even though most renewable
         | energy methods do not emit Co2.
         | 
         | Burning farmed wood is carbon negative, if you attach a carbon
         | scrubber to the flue of the power-plant.
        
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