[HN Gopher] Alright, amigo, let's build some affordable housing
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Alright, amigo, let's build some affordable housing
        
       Author : rmason
       Score  : 109 points
       Date   : 2022-04-02 20:01 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | gsk22 wrote:
       | The thing I don't understand in conversations around affordable
       | housing is why does it have to be new construction?
       | 
       | Of course new construction is going to be expensive and full of
       | bureaucracy. Many US cities have large stocks of older housing in
       | moderate condition -- sure, it'd take some money to get them up
       | to snuff, but nothing near what new construction would cost.
        
         | jefftk wrote:
         | At least around here (Boston), the old housing in poor
         | condition _is_ the affordable housing. This often gets called
         | "naturally occurring affordable housing".
         | 
         | But it's not enough, which is why even housing in poor
         | condition is so expensive.
        
         | seibelj wrote:
         | This is why luxury housing and condos is actually helpful for
         | lower-income housing - the luxury housing of 60 years ago
         | becomes the affordable housing as the top of the market
         | continues moving into better places.
         | 
         | Basically all housing whatsoever is helpful. But the optics of
         | it makes it difficult to understand.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Please, I've never seen this in my day to day personal
           | experience. Do you have examples of this. It sounds very
           | suspicious to me.
        
             | digisign wrote:
             | Just drive to the nearest new luxury condo and count how
             | many low-income folks just moved in.
             | 
             | If you don't build these things, you'll have to compete in
             | a bidding war with rich people to rent an old, renovated
             | shitbox. Guess who will win?
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I think might have misunderstood. I know low income
               | people are not moving into fancy new condos. I'm just not
               | familiar with older fancy condos being opened up to low
               | income residents. They just stay high rent, but with
               | "charm" since they are older.
        
               | digisign wrote:
               | That's because extreme scarcity distorts the market to
               | the point that old housing never gets to its natural
               | cheap point. If they stopped building but only a few
               | cars, a pimped out Datsun 240Z from the 70s would still
               | look a lot better than walking, and fetch a lot better
               | that 70s prices.
               | 
               | Didn't something similar happen in Cuba?
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | Somewhat. A lot of that old housing goes to rentals.
        
           | heavyset_go wrote:
           | The luxury housing around here goes to high earners from
           | cities that are far away, and then wealthy people's adult
           | children from all over the world move into the homes in the
           | city after they leave. Housing here and in the cities has
           | only gotten more expensive.
        
           | dv_dt wrote:
           | Unless of course the luxury housing gets periodically torn
           | down and rebuilt or remodeled making it even higher end
           | housing. If the core neighborhood is already high-rent and or
           | desirable real estate, why would high cost real estate
           | buildings somehow allow themselves become low rent?
        
             | seibelj wrote:
             | If you don't build new luxury housing, then the top end
             | goes to the next best thing, and the next to the next best,
             | and so on. Building more helps increase total supply which
             | alleviates pressure everywhere.
        
               | dv_dt wrote:
               | That step down doesn't necessarily happen at all - old
               | luxury housing may get upgraded in place, or upgraded to
               | higher luxury housing which then becomes less efficient
               | at serving many. The total supply may shrink from serving
               | the luxury market.
        
               | seibelj wrote:
               | My larger point is that knee-jerk opposition to luxury
               | housing isn't helpful, and actually damaging to the cause
               | of increased affordable housing. In the OP you can see
               | how uneconomic building affordable housing is - so build
               | luxury if that's all that can be done.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | How is that "shrinking"? If new luxury housing gets built
               | now and refurbed later, the additional unit count is
               | still there.
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | In reality older housing gets bought renovated and marketed
           | as luxury housing, so the affordable housing is lost to the
           | higher profit market.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | Right, you don't _build_ affordable housing, and you don 't
         | even _reserve_ housing as  "affordable" (that's gratuitously
         | inviting corruption via basically giving away underpriced
         | housing as a 'gift' to cronies and associates). You build as
         | much new housing as _you_ can afford to, and let _older_
         | housing filter down to  "affordable" levels.
        
           | wan23 wrote:
           | There are two problems with this idea. The first is that the
           | existing housing stock is already occupied, and the people
           | who occupy it don't have much incentive to go anywhere. If we
           | could build a massive amount of new, high quality housing
           | then in theory the demand for the older homes might decrease
           | but in many places we're in such a deep supply hole that the
           | necessary amount of new construction just isn't going to
           | happen given the political environment. The second problem is
           | that filtering takes time, but people need homes today.
           | There's an argument to be made that it's in the public
           | interest to allow for at least some units to be made
           | available that are affordable to someone on a teacher's
           | salary. Also, building homes at any price point is a good
           | idea.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > There's an argument to be made that it's in the public
             | interest to allow for at least some units to be made
             | available that are affordable to someone on a teacher's
             | salary.
             | 
             | There's an easy way to do that - raise teachers' salaries,
             | and let them choose whatever housing they want, not what
             | you've arbitrarily designated as "affordable" (via a
             | political process). This raises _observable_ costs, but has
             | plenty of less obviohs benefits.
        
           | HarryHirsch wrote:
           | _let older housing filter down to "affordable" levels_
           | 
           | That's the theory. The practice is that much of the "older
           | housing" is by now 50 or 60 years old, twice the design life,
           | and at some point renovation is just not economical any
           | longer, you are looking at a teardown and rebuild.
           | 
           | That meme tells more about the profession of economics as
           | taught in schools and universities. It doesn't tell you how
           | the world works, but it provides support for the way things
           | are. There's that old cartoon with a royal and a priest, and
           | the royal turns to the priest saying "you keep them stupid, I
           | keep them poor." That's applied economics.
        
             | digisign wrote:
             | The reality, here at least. As housing was kept scarce,
             | older housing never got a chance to fulfill its purpose. So
             | we have swanky 60s shitbox apartments on their third
             | remodel for $2k+ a month. Googie architecture, I think its
             | called.
        
             | Consultant32452 wrote:
             | I agree with you. I'd rather people live under overpasses
             | than in housing that's a little older than most people
             | want.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | Not sure what your point is. If it turns out you have built
             | lots and lots of the highest-density housing and there's
             | nothing affordable in sight even after that, then guess
             | what - you're basically in Manhattan. There are _far_ worse
             | problems to have when it comes to urban development!
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | >let older housing filter down to "affordable" levels.
           | 
           | you're forgetting the part where it is the older housing that
           | is currently affordable that is getting demolished so that
           | this new construction can use that land instead.
        
         | cplusplusfellow wrote:
         | Do you have much experience with construction? I own a
         | construction company ($10m-20m annual revenue) as my side
         | hustle.
         | 
         | It's generally speaking not cheaper to refurbish something once
         | you consider all of the factors. I'm on mobile so I can't
         | enumerate those but I'll try to return on desktop where I can
         | properly type and give an overview.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | > as my side hustle.
           | 
           | If you don't mind my asking, what is your main hustle?
        
             | severine wrote:
             | C++?
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | Probably because it doesn't meet the preferences of
         | renters/owners. It seems preferences drive housing cost in
         | general. There certainly don't seem to be many (any?) new
         | Craftsman 800 sqft houses today. Although this article seems to
         | be more about high density apt/condos, the resource utilization
         | of the dominate preference (larger, fancier, sfh) can affect
         | the overall housing system (material, local labor costs).
         | 
         | Edit: why downvote with no reply? It seems this topic must be
         | highly political with all the unexplained downvoting with no
         | debate.
        
         | KoftaBob wrote:
         | > Many US cities have large stocks of older housing in moderate
         | condition
         | 
         | and which is already occupied. In order for housing supply to
         | keep up with demand, it needs to increase, hence new
         | construction.
        
         | crooked-v wrote:
         | Many US cities have a massive shortage in needed housing, and
         | none of it will ever be affordable unless quite a lot gets
         | built quickly.
         | 
         | It's particularly striking in California, where they ended up
         | passing multiple state law to outright override local zoning.
         | (It will be interesting see what happens with San Francisco by
         | 2025, when their inability to meet housing approval mandates
         | will turn into developers getting free reign from the state to
         | build dense housing anywhere in the city.)
        
           | mjevans wrote:
           | Maybe if California finally begins to fix it's housing issues
           | the overflow to other west coast areas (E.G. Seattle,
           | Portland (Oregon), maybe even Vancouver BC) as well as surely
           | all the other cities will feel a tiny bit of relief. Though
           | most of these places have their own similar issues (E.G.
           | urban growth boundaries or just lack of practical space
           | without increasing density near cities; and also see a recent
           | comment in my history about 'dense' housing not built to
           | quality of life levels that make it desirable to live in.) *
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30823426#30825978
        
             | bobkazamakis wrote:
             | the very cool systems integration between Federal and State
             | in practice seems to mean that California problems are
             | California problems? Similar to the legalization of
             | marijuana by the states, it seems like problems are pushed
             | under the rug until the rug is a few inches off the ground,
             | at which point it finally gets addressed. By nature, this
             | disproportionately impacts anyone who isn't able to simply
             | travel to another state where their a particular issue is
             | not a problem (abortion laws, various tourism, etc).
             | 
             | It sounds great for all the states to solve their problems
             | individually, but where do you draw the line and have the
             | government step in to prevent problems from getting bigger
             | in the first place?
        
             | digisign wrote:
             | You touch on the fact that it is a nation-wide problem.
             | However the implication is that it would let more people
             | move to California instead of other places isn't a
             | sustainable solution.
        
       | adamsvystun wrote:
       | The key quote is this:
       | 
       | > 300-500k in upfront costs.
       | 
       | So before building anything just the application process will
       | cost you up to half a million, that's an enormous hurdle.
        
       | mtoddsmith wrote:
       | "they're concerned about indigenous moths"
       | 
       | Love thy neighbor?
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | I find it odd that you almost never hear about the car's role in
       | the housing crisis. And in the US it has been a massive factor
       | since WWII.
       | 
       | First, it allowed the building of suburbs, which just wasn't
       | feasible before. This in turn led people to push zoning laws such
       | that building anything other than a SFH became illegal.
       | 
       | Second, it contributed to the dismantling of street cars and
       | other forms of public transportation.
       | 
       | Third, all these cars new housing developments needed roads and
       | this typically led to the destruction of poorer and usually more
       | ethnic neighbours.
       | 
       | Fourth, driving everywhere is like living in an insulated bubble.
       | You don't have to deal with your fellow man. Things like Skid Row
       | (LA) or the Tenderloin (SF) don't touch you because you can just
       | drive around them in an airconditioned bubble. I honestly think
       | this contributed to making people care less about the plight of
       | their fellow man.
       | 
       | Fifth, voters routinely complain about the cost and taxes of
       | public transportation but think nothing of all the subsidies
       | governments provide for driving (eg building roads, having gas
       | stations, building so much parking, having cheap or free street
       | parking even in densely populated cities with good public
       | transportation like NYC). Yes there are fuel taxes. No they don't
       | pay all these costs.
       | 
       | Lastly, we seem to be comoletely comfortable with the cost in
       | death and crime of car ownership because of the personal
       | convenience. Tens of thousands die in motor vehicle accidents
       | every year. There are crimes like being a serial killer or
       | kidnapping that almost require having a car. Do we really wonder
       | why such things exploded post-WWII?
       | 
       | The affordable housing crisis is depressing because it's another
       | stark reminder of just how little a fuck people give to people
       | who aren't in their tribe. The many barriers erected are simply
       | aimed at making poor people go away. That's it.
       | 
       | And the problems are at every level of government.
        
         | pas wrote:
         | Not to mention that cities subsidize suburbs in many ways:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Nw6qyyrTeI
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/urbanplanning/comments/qrn9i7/in_wh...
        
         | nomaxx117 wrote:
         | I've also noticed that attitudes towards the homeless are
         | completely different between those who walk and those who
         | drive. I'm personally willing to pay whatever it takes in extra
         | taxes to get them shelter and deal with the current crisis in
         | my city, but I've noticed that people who drive are often far
         | less willing to support action here.
        
         | zozbot234 wrote:
         | Cars were a fine replacement for horse-drawn carts. They will
         | largely be replaced and/or supplemented by electrically-boosted
         | bikes and scooters in the densest urban environments, now that
         | these have become feasible.
        
       | lr4444lr wrote:
       | Not for nothing, but, if you're a private developer looking to
       | get the public's money to build something that you're going to
       | sell and profit from either directly or through special tax
       | breaks that the rest of us have to are up for, usually in special
       | variance of zoning that the rest of us have to abide by, you
       | SHOULD have to jump through a lot of hurdles to prove you aren't
       | a grifter.
        
         | MrStonedOne wrote:
        
         | crate_barre wrote:
         | Ok I feel you, what if I own a sports team and promise promise
         | promise that that stadium you are going to pay for is going to
         | improve the community? Is that enough proof?
         | 
         | How about an Amazon warehouse?
         | 
         | But yeah, to your point, building more housing in a supply
         | constricted market requires like way more proof.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | My favorite are the developers that promise a certain
           | percentage of affordable housing in their high dollar
           | developments, but never ever come close to that and never get
           | penalized later.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | What makes you feel that it's easier to build a stadium than
           | subsidized housing? How many people, man-hours and money do
           | you believe is spent on the efforts to get a ballpark or
           | Amazon campus approved? Really believe it's less than a
           | multifamily development?
        
         | mistermann wrote:
         | > you SHOULD have to jump through a lot of hurdles to prove you
         | aren't a grifter.
         | 
         | Agreed, but I wonder if the hurdles that are currently in place
         | are even remotely optimal.
         | 
         | Would it be funny if they were not, and no one really cared?
        
         | ceeplusplus wrote:
         | The end result of that is that low income housing doesn't get
         | built and market rate housing that doesn't have unnecessary and
         | burdensome regulatory requirements gets built instead.
         | 
         | > usually in special variance of zoning that the rest of us
         | have to abide by
         | 
         | The solution is to remove the zoning in the first place, not
         | add more requirements to get an exception to it.
        
           | foolfoolz wrote:
           | i think you just have to phrase this differently: newly built
           | housing is not cost effective to sell to low income people
        
             | f7ebc20c97 wrote:
             | There is zero technical reason why housing can't be cheap
             | as hell in this day and age. It's all due to government
             | restrictions. And I'm not talking about shanty towns either
             | - that's what you get when _legal_ housing is too expensive
             | to build!
        
           | goodluckchuck wrote:
           | One way or another, we all live and die by the market.
        
           | f7ebc20c97 wrote:
           | Regulations such as zoning are enormous social experiments.
           | 
           | Experiments should have control groups! Where are the control
           | group cities?
           | 
           | Why do experimental social regulations have to be
           | _universal_? Would life without them be great? Would it be
           | terrible? I doubt that mankind evolved to require so much
           | micromanagement in all aspects of life.
        
             | breckenedge wrote:
             | Houston Texas has no zoning laws. Cant really say they do
             | any better or worse than comprable cities with zoning laws.
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | No, you should have to jump through _enough_ hurdles to prove
         | you aren 't a grifter.
         | 
         | Whether "enough" means "a lot" or "each and every hurdle that
         | is already in place" is precisely what's at issue here. But I
         | suppose it's convenient to take the side of maximum
         | administrative burden if your goal is to minimize the amount of
         | housing that is built.
        
         | panic wrote:
         | How about we let the grifters build the housing and then take
         | it from them afterward if they turn out to be grifters?
        
           | thereticent wrote:
           | Sounds like a way to end up with shoddy, dangerous housing or
           | incomplete or impossible to complete projects.
        
           | b3morales wrote:
           | It's been my experience that the farther you let an
           | undesirable process proceed, the higher the chance that it
           | will reach its undesirable conclusion. The enforcers will
           | make decisions based on sunk costs; there will be more
           | loopholes for the grifters to exploit; the time demands of
           | due process will let them manipulate to their benefit; and
           | there will be higher consequences for disrupting the status
           | quo (e.g. there will be people actual living in the buildings
           | already).
        
           | HarryHirsch wrote:
           | Here's an even better suggestion: withdraw federal and state
           | funding for roads, schools, water and sewage &c if housing
           | targets are not met. The local NIMBYS will come around once
           | the potholes become too bad and the school's roof starts
           | leaking.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | I wonder what is actually looked at or calculated for number of
       | bedrooms and services offered. In my opinion, people's
       | preferences for more stuff/room/services are what drives housing
       | prices in general, especially location.
       | 
       | It seems racist to call people who are concerned about the
       | project racists. Some of them may be, but some of those people
       | concerned about traffic may have legitimate concerns. I've seen
       | it for fancy developments too.
       | 
       | Edit: why downvote?
        
         | lr4444lr wrote:
         | You have a point, but it may be a bit obtuse to call racist
         | accusations themselves racist. Those call outs may or may not
         | be correct, ignorant, or even a calculated dirty way to
         | discredit someone, but how are they _themselves_ racist?
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Pretty much why I worded it the way I did - to bring
           | attention to they potential hypocrisy or lack of standards
           | around calling people racist based on a concern (traffic, or
           | claiming racism) that does not display racism. So yeah, my
           | calling the accusation racist is only as founded as the
           | author's, which is essentially based on stereotypes and
           | supposition. In my case, that supposition is that the person
           | making the accusation must be relying on the race of the
           | person raising the traffic issues in calling them racist.
        
         | anamax wrote:
         | It's poor form to point out that a racism accusation is one of
         | the most effective political attacks/responses. Said
         | effectiveness is not that dependent on the "truth" of said
         | accusation. (The sneer quotes are because "you're a racist" is
         | somewhat ill-defined, vague, etc.)
        
         | 6510 wrote:
         | He is referring to racist racists.
        
           | chihuahua wrote:
           | we should always be careful to distinguish between real
           | racists and true racists.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | As opposed to...?
        
             | 6510 wrote:
             | As opposed to people who are concerned about the project
             | for other perhaps more palatable reasons.
        
       | rubyist5eva wrote:
       | Governments want affordable housing to be built but the number
       | one enemy to affordable housing is the government.
        
         | alexklark wrote:
         | Governments only want other people money (so called
         | taxes/donations), and, sometimes, be elected. Thinking that
         | governments can not provide themselves affordable and usually
         | free housing is somehow contradict reality.
        
         | poorbutdebtfree wrote:
         | Affordable housing is such a loaded term that means different
         | things to different socioeconomic groups. Are we talking about
         | project based housing? Section 8? New construction for
         | applicants with x% of the the median income? In any event
         | almost no one working a full time job will qualify.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | Not always. In the past governments built large amounts of
         | housing.
         | 
         | In Canada the CMHC used to get affordable housing built on a
         | massive scale, but now it's mainly just mortgage backing for
         | banks.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada_Mortgage_and_Housing_...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | KerrAvon wrote:
         | With statements like this, it's important to define
         | "government" -- for example, the specifics in the Twitter
         | thread are hugely helpful in identifying the actual
         | bottlenecks.
        
           | crate_barre wrote:
           | Landlords despise tenant protection laws. They'd rather just
           | treat the place as an investment than deal with tenants that
           | have rights.
        
             | ceeplusplus wrote:
             | Tenant protection laws seem like failures to me. They don't
             | prevent landlords from being bad actors (by neglecting
             | maintenance and not giving a shit about the quality of the
             | property) and they don't protect landlords from bad
             | tenants. All they do is allow a few people to get evicted 6
             | months and thousands of dollars in legal fees later instead
             | of in a week.
        
       | imgabe wrote:
       | Perhaps we should just keep building unaffordable housing until
       | there's so much of it that it becomes affordable
        
       | crate_barre wrote:
       | I feel like one thing that is often not said enough is that
       | solving housing solves a lot of things for fucking everyone. When
       | everyone isn't dying to rent or get a house, then you get more
       | sane prices and inventory everywhere. This literally the most
       | important issue in America because it is simply the largest cost
       | for every single American across all classes.
        
         | panic wrote:
         | There is also a _ton_ of abuse that can only continue because
         | the people being harmed can't afford to move out.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | doingtheiroming wrote:
       | Horrifying. So much human ingenuity and energy burned in a
       | process seemingly designed to prevent the thing it is supposed to
       | encourage.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | YATA0 wrote:
       | This Twitter thread hits the nail on the head. Imagine this
       | process in California, where just working with PG&E to get
       | utilities to the site may be a six figure adventure, then another
       | $40-60k for an electrician to wire the house. That could be close
       | to $200k _for electrical alone_. This could be for a 1,000 square
       | foot shed in Oakland, not somewhere around Malibu.
       | 
       | Add on the planning costs that the Twitter author goes on about,
       | and your "affordable housing" is now near a million dollars. Is
       | that really affordable?
        
         | vbezhenar wrote:
         | I can build the entire house with everything included. And not
         | from those pesky woodsticks, but from a real concrete and
         | bricks. For around $40k. Something in US is seriously wrong. I
         | understand that labour cost difference is huge, but it can't be
         | the only factor.
        
           | cplusplusfellow wrote:
           | Can you elaborate what kind of house this is for 40k?
           | 
           | What is your location?
        
           | newsclues wrote:
           | Building code regulations are expensive.
        
           | YATA0 wrote:
           | Where do you live? $40k in concrete will get you your
           | concrete driveway in California.
        
             | zip1234 wrote:
             | $4000 for the concrete and $36000 for everything else.
        
         | cagenut wrote:
         | for single family detached, no
         | 
         | but that was never actually an economically viable product, so
         | it makes sense to simply not expect it to work.
         | 
         | for four to sixteen units that seems like it could be fine?
        
           | YATA0 wrote:
           | >but that was never actually an economically viable product
           | 
           | It is the most economically viable product, which is why they
           | dominate.
           | 
           | >for four to sixteen units that seems like it could be fine?
           | 
           | Those costs have also skyrocketed because now you have
           | additional requirements like fire, egress, additional
           | structural when going over two stories, etc.
           | 
           | It's why most new apartments are "luxury" apartments. The
           | costs have grown so out of control that the only way to break
           | even is to make them outrageously priced.
        
             | occz wrote:
             | >It is the most economically viable product, which is why
             | they dominate.
             | 
             | Only because they are the only thing that most zoning codes
             | in the U.S permit to build. With U.S zoning being what it
             | is, there's literally no honest discussion to be made on
             | what type of housing is most economically viable.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | I think it's quite viable if we look back to when it
               | started. Back then hones we're 800sq feet. Even 100 years
               | ago an average home was about there. Today they are 2400
               | so feet on average.
               | 
               | So if we go back to smaller places it's viable. The only
               | reason it's not viable in places like Europe is because
               | there are so many people in a small space. In the USA we
               | could get adequate population density with 1200 sq foot
               | homes and 1/8 acre plots.
        
         | virtualwhys wrote:
         | > $40-60k for an electrician to wire the house.
         | 
         | Think I'm in the wrong profession, what on earth does a
         | Californian electrician make per year? At that rate I'd guess
         | 500K+
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | Not the electrician. The company owner.
        
           | sgc wrote:
           | Around here they make about $150 an hour if they are
           | contractors and work for themselves. So I would guess 80-100
           | for an electrician with 5+ years experience. About the same
           | as most other semi-specialized trades.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Many of the trades can make good money. Especially in areas
           | that forbid owners to work on their own homes, even to
           | replace an existing water heater (like NYC).
        
             | vasco wrote:
             | How would they know?
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | It takes an absurd number of hours to wire a house in
           | California because the code is insane. That multiplies with
           | high labor costs.
           | 
           | Wiring a simple / small home, it takes well over four
           | electrician months, minimum.
           | 
           | Also, they have to pay licensing fees to the state, insurance
           | premiums, etc, etc.
           | 
           | Of course, the $40-60K also includes materials, which are a
           | small percentage of the cost, but non-zero.
        
             | KerrAvon wrote:
             | I'm a little skeptical. California code is not that
             | dissimilar to the national code in terms of labor and
             | materials. I've had extensive work done to my California
             | house by electricians for a (fully-permitted) remodel and
             | it's been pricey but not that slow or pricey.
        
               | bushbaba wrote:
               | In California it Cost me 3k to upgrade an electric panel
               | from 120 to 200amp service. Was a one day job with a
               | single electrician.
        
               | YATA0 wrote:
               | That's probably the cheapest upgrade in the history of
               | the state. PG&E claims the average service upgrade in
               | California is costing somewhere between $8k to $25k.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | matthewmacleod wrote:
             | _Wiring a simple / small home, it takes well over four
             | electrician months, minimum._
             | 
             | It's hard to take these numbers seriously - they don't pass
             | the sniff test for anyone who has had it done. Wiring a
             | 1000sq ft home is a job that is measured in days, not
             | months. While I only have experience of the UK, it is
             | difficult to see any possible regulation which would mean
             | installation being quite literally an order of magnitude
             | slower.
             | 
             | But let's use some Fermi estimation. California builds
             | around 100,000 new houses a year, give or take. This
             | suggests we'd need an absolute minimum of 400,000
             | electrician-months a year. The Bureau of Labor Statistics
             | thinks there are 70,000 electricians in California in
             | total. Assuming they have an availability of 90%, then we
             | could say that California has about 750,000 available
             | electrician-months a year in total.
             | 
             | This would mean that over half of all available electrician
             | time in California would be spent wiring new-build houses,
             | if we assumed they were all small properties. It seems
             | clear this can't be a credible result.
             | 
             | I'm not saying you're necessarily wrong, but it's hard to
             | swallow without some idea of what possible thing could
             | cause this betone vague hints about "code being insane"
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | I'm a slow as hell perfectionist DIYer and I can't see any
             | way I could take even 2 months of full-time work to wire a
             | small, simple new construction house. How can it take a pro
             | 4 months? (Or 2 months solo and 1 month with a journeyman
             | electrician?)
             | 
             | My parents place was new, custom construction (not small,
             | but only 3BR/3Ba) and there were 2 sparkies there for 1 day
             | to set the temporary power, 4 or 5 days to rough the house
             | in and, after drywall, they were back for 3 or 4 days to
             | trim everything out.
        
               | whartung wrote:
               | I watched my house being built. We'd visit the site
               | pretty much once a week or every other week.
               | 
               | One day we showed up, and all of the electrical had been
               | done. Power, internet, pre-wired home alarm, panels, the
               | whole kit. Plumbing was the same way. One day, plumbing.
               | (It uses that flexible plastic tubing internally, that
               | has to go up fast.)
               | 
               | Did I see it being done? No. For all I know 50 folks
               | showed up and wired it in a day. "2 man months". But, I'm
               | guessing that's not what happened.
               | 
               | The most interesting anecdote from this is that I
               | actually met one of the guys that did the work. He did,
               | at least part of, the internet wiring.
               | 
               | Know how I met him? He was driving a dump truck
               | delivering landscaping material. He liked the work
               | better, I guess his family owned the hauling business.
               | 
               | I don't know what he was getting paid to route CAT 6
               | cable, but, apparently, all told, driving a dump truck is
               | better.
        
             | catmanjan wrote:
             | This is very surprising, in Australia I understand we have
             | strict codes and I have never heard of it taking this long
             | 
             | What exactly does the electrician spend all that time doing
             | in California?
        
               | antattack wrote:
               | Some state codes require use of galvanized steel piping
               | (called EMT) for electrical conduit.
        
           | [deleted]
        
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