[HN Gopher] The new golden age of wildlife in New England
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The new golden age of wildlife in New England
        
       Author : nkurz
       Score  : 101 points
       Date   : 2022-04-19 13:48 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bostonglobe.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bostonglobe.com)
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | I don't like how they declare a golden age while native species
       | are still endangered. It's like saying we're in a golden age of
       | peace because we're fighting in less wars.
        
         | frankbreetz wrote:
         | This metaphor doesn't make sense to me. Isn't less war good for
         | peace?
        
           | 1970-01-01 wrote:
           | If you have much less credit card debt than before and still
           | have student loans to pay, would you declare yourself
           | financially golden? Probably not.
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | better is still better.
        
       | Tr3nton wrote:
       | Any time a website greets me with a giant page-filling banner
       | that I can't close, or they cut off the article after a few words
       | in order to get me to sign up, I close the tab.
        
         | mywacaday wrote:
         | You can add to that the allow notifications dialog, has anybody
         | ever clicked yes on one of those?
        
           | simonsarris wrote:
           | fyi in Chrome you can turn those off for all sites in the
           | settings:
           | 
           | chrome://settings/content/notifications
        
       | ilamont wrote:
       | I grew up outside of Boston in the 70s and 80s. Never saw a
       | turkey, coyote, or bald eagle. I thought the latter were extinct
       | east of the Mississippi.
       | 
       | The Charles River was still a polluted mess from years of neglect
       | and old industrial use. There was a derelict watch factory in
       | Waltham next to the river, former vehicle assembly works in
       | Watertown and Cambridge, and all kinds of old industrial sites
       | further upriver. There's one section of Waltham Mass still called
       | "the bleachery" which was the site of a dye factory, which, of
       | course, emptied right into the Charles up until the 1950s.
       | 
       | I live a few miles from my childhood home now. The factories are
       | gone, and the riverside has mostly been cleaned up. I see all of
       | these animals plus many more including foxes and waterfowl. At
       | night we hear great horned owls and the yipping of a local coyote
       | pack. There are news stories about bears making it to within
       | route 128 (the innermost ring road) and even the outer reaches of
       | Cape Cod, which requires crossing a major bridge.
       | https://www.wbur.org/news/2012/05/31/cape-cod-bear-twitter
        
         | jmalicki wrote:
         | "which requires crossing a major bridge." - The biologist
         | quoted in your linked article believes the bear likely swam
         | across the canal.
        
       | pridkett wrote:
       | It's nice to see articles that help confirm some of my anecdotes.
       | I live in Connecticut, and in the last year I've seen both a bear
       | and a moose in my yard. And, it's not like I live somewhere crazy
       | rural - I live on a 0.3 acre lot near UCONN. My neighbors, many
       | of whom have been here for 50 years, comment about how many more
       | eagles, ospreys, fishers, fox, and deer there are today. However,
       | there hasn't been data to back up these anecdotes.
       | 
       | For the most part, people enjoy it, but there's a growing cluster
       | of outdoor house cat owners who are dismayed when nature does its
       | thing and Sir Fluffsalot meets his end after an encounter with a
       | fox or eagle.
        
         | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
         | > there's a growing cluster of outdoor house cat owners who are
         | dismayed when nature does its thing and Sir Fluffsalot meets
         | his end after an encounter with a fox or eagle.
         | 
         | Here in Oregon - known for its thriving wildlife - the number 1
         | complaint on Nextdoor is "coyote sighting, bring in your
         | pets!".
        
         | foobarian wrote:
         | We're right outside Boston, and this spring was the first time
         | we've had an owl hooting pretty much every night since March.
        
         | terran57 wrote:
         | > For the most part, people enjoy it, but there's a growing
         | cluster of outdoor house cat owners who are dismayed when
         | nature does its thing and Sir Fluffsalot meets his end after an
         | encounter with a fox or eagle.
         | 
         | Outdoor cats do far more damage to wildlife populations than
         | they receive.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_predation_on_wildlife
        
         | is_true wrote:
         | Cats shouldn't be allowed outside. My neighbor has a cat and it
         | always shit on my lawn and if it find something soft it
         | scratches
        
         | uptime wrote:
         | New Haven, CT has seen a bear in a public park, lots of foxes
         | and turkeys and deer. I've heard of wildcats a little further
         | out. Also agree that housecats need to stay indoors to stop
         | killing birds. We built an enclosure for ours to be outside but
         | not freeranging.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/vR1G6
        
       | JohnWhigham wrote:
       | Yeah I wouldn't be proud of having all those deer given how large
       | of a vector they are for ticks...
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | Reducing deer populations doesn't actually reduce the spread of
         | Lyme disease, unless you completely eradicate all deer. Ticks
         | get Lyme from feeding on mice, the deer is just one part of
         | their life cycle.
        
       | BostonEnginerd wrote:
       | I hope that the insect and bird populations also start to
       | recover. We don't see that many bugs in the Boston area, and the
       | cities spray mosquito fog every summer because of EEE.
       | 
       | Our birds of prey in Eastern MA are being impacted by rat poison
       | - they eat rats which have been poisoned.
       | 
       | Certainly there are improvements, and we should celebrate those.
       | But we should also recognize that there's a way to go.
        
         | thehappypm wrote:
         | As someone who lives just outside of 95, I assure you, the bugs
         | are doing just fine.
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | In Boston I do see a fair number of birds of prey. Most
         | memorably I was biking along the Charles in Cambridgeport and
         | stopped to observe one (a falcon, maybe?) feasting on a
         | squirrel not five feet from the path, unperturbed by the
         | passers-by.
        
           | fatnoah wrote:
           | I've seen red-tailed hawks, bald eagles, and peregrine
           | falcons in downtown Boston. One of the coolest things I've
           | seen was a hawk gliding down the bike path about 6 inches
           | from the ground near a large playground, as it tried to sneak
           | up on some squirrels. It did the nap of the earth flight for
           | a couple hundred feet and then pounced on a squirrel. It was
           | utterly unperturbed by the foot traffic around it.
           | 
           | I also lived in a high-rise, and a peregrine falcon used a
           | ledge outside of my son's bedroom window as a perch to launch
           | attacks on pigeons and seagulls.
           | 
           | And then there was that time a coyote was spotted in the
           | North End:
           | https://patch.com/massachusetts/charlestown/coyote-
           | spotted-i...
        
       | jakedata wrote:
       | I live northwest of Boston, bordering a wildlife refuge. I refuse
       | to have cameras inside my house but the woods around it are well
       | instrumented. I have many video clips documenting everything from
       | 'buns' to bobcats, coyotes, foxes, and of course deer.
       | 
       | With regard to outdoor cats, they wouldn't last a fortnight
       | around here. Too many predators now and I am thankful for that.
       | As a result, the bird population borders on riotous in the
       | spring.
       | 
       | I expect that we will see a bear before too long.
       | 
       | -edit- oh, but those ticks... I have a jumpsuit treated with
       | permethrin for working out back.
        
         | mechanical_bear wrote:
         | > I refuse to have cameras inside my house...
         | 
         | For any purpose?
        
           | NoSorryCannot wrote:
           | It's implied that they meant surveillance cameras.
        
             | jakedata wrote:
             | Indeed, that was poorly phrased.
        
         | pcmaffey wrote:
         | Now time to reintroduce wolves.
         | 
         | (Will also help with the tick epidemic.)
        
           | shippintoboston wrote:
           | I also live in Boston and my poor dog got hounded by those
           | ticks. I assume it wolves eating deers is what would help
           | with that?
        
           | forgotmypw17 wrote:
           | For peopled areas, chickens do an amazing job clearing the
           | ticks. They mainly need somewhere to sleep safely at night
           | and can take care of themselves in groups during the day.
        
             | flint wrote:
             | Untill the hawk population recovers
        
               | exolymph wrote:
               | We have chickens, living on the edge of a regional park
               | where the hawks thrive. They are reluctant to hunt near
               | the house, probably mainly because the low tree cover
               | severely limits their maneuverability.
        
               | harpersealtako wrote:
               | that's what the guard dogs and guinea fowl are for
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | >guinea fowl
               | 
               | Forgive my ignorance, do they keep the hawks at bay by
               | alarming every time there's danger? Cause I can't imagine
               | the ones we have here fighting off anything
        
       | dugmartin wrote:
       | It is nice but I could do without the bear that demolished our
       | compost bin in the backyard twice last week (I live in town in a
       | small village in Western Massachusetts). Seeing bald eagles fly
       | right over your head with a fish they just caught in the
       | Deerfield River is pretty cool though.
        
       | marstall wrote:
       | NB: the photographer, John Tlumacki, won a Pulitzer Prize for the
       | images he captured in the moments after the Marathon bombings!
        
       | throwaway0a5e wrote:
       | For animals, sure, things are pretty good.
       | 
       | For plants things kinda suck. Lots of invasive species have taken
       | root over the last 200yr and are holding down native species.
        
         | jmclnx wrote:
         | I do not know why you were down-voted, but this is true. I
         | those invasive vines I would see everywhere in the deep south
         | are starting to appear here. Probably due to climate change.
         | Never mind about the various water plants coking out native
         | water plants.
        
           | formerkrogemp wrote:
           | Hydrilla verticellata, Lemna minor, and phragmites are coming
           | for your cattails and Elodea :(. All of the poor fish will
           | not survive.
        
         | driverdan wrote:
         | Also disease and blights have decimated certain trees like Elm
         | and Chestnut.
        
         | bitxbitxbitcoin wrote:
         | A cultural shift towards eating invasive species or both flora
         | and fauna would really help. Use that human tendency to cause
         | extirpation for good.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | That works for animals to a degree but you can't eat chestnut
           | blight.
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | About half of the trees in a New England forest are "invasive."
         | They've been here so long someone like me doesn't even know
         | what's natural and what isn't.
         | 
         | Earthworms are also invasive in New England. They're
         | everywhere, ubiquitous, and apparently the natural forest
         | doesn't have them.
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | Earthworms would have once been native to New England, they
           | were just killed by the advancing glaciers of the pleistocene
           | epoch, which ended 12,000 years ago. They've been advancing
           | northward slowly ever since (though other species were
           | brought by colonists).
        
       | francisofascii wrote:
       | I was visiting Boston this past weekend for the marathon. Saw two
       | turkeys on separate days in the Lexington area near Minute Man
       | park. I was really cool for a tourist like me and added to the
       | Thanksgiving/colonial vibe.
        
       | mcdonje wrote:
       | Habitat is the major factor for wildlife populations.
       | 
       | In 1900, Vermont was 30% forested after settlers cut down the
       | forests for wood, farmland, and mining. Now, Vermont is over 70%
       | forested. Tax structure is a large factor, but certainly not the
       | only one.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, the trend is reversing. Sprawl is a factor. Dense
       | cities matter.
       | 
       | https://www.uvm.edu/news/story/report-vermont-losing-1500-ac...
        
         | helen___keller wrote:
         | In a perfect world, we would have dense cities, we would have
         | wild land that belongs to nature, and we would have farmland;
         | and most land would fall into one of these classifications.
         | While we might see "market share" fluctuate between these, a
         | relatively stable population guarantees that we would not see a
         | huge loss of wild land.
         | 
         | In reality, every state, every city, and every town are in a de
         | facto competition for tax dollars, and there is no central
         | planning. So instead of adding dense housing to desirable
         | Burlington, we clearcut forests or replace farmland to add low
         | density housing 10 miles away in a subdivision near Shelburne.
         | That family that was charmed to move to Vermont by the shops on
         | Bank st will end up driving to the nearby big box store in
         | Shelburne instead. The traffic will get worse, local farmland
         | starts disappearing because suburban land is more valuable on a
         | square foot basis, and once all the farms are gone the process
         | begins again another 5-10 miles out.
         | 
         | It's a vicious cycle, and it creates an ecosystem where most
         | people can't even enjoy the city they came to love in the first
         | place because they live miles and miles away (and good luck
         | with traffic and parking)
        
           | dahfizz wrote:
           | > That family that was charmed to move to Vermont by the
           | shops on Bank st will end up driving to the nearby big box
           | store in Shelburne instead.
           | 
           | Frankly, I don't think this happens with any frequency.
           | 
           | The thing that makes Burlington so nice is how quiet, clean,
           | and spacious it is. Nobody moves to Burlington expecting it
           | to be NYC. If you try to make Burlington into NYC, you will
           | ruin it.
           | 
           | People move to VT to be in nature. To be spread out. And it's
           | a nice benefit that they can visit a cool, small city every
           | once in a while.
        
             | helen___keller wrote:
             | > People move to VT to be in nature. To be spread out.
             | 
             | This describes the vast majority of Vermont, but not
             | Burlington. It's not NYC but it's also not Montpelier and
             | it's definitely not Stowe.
             | 
             | Burlington is the "small city" for people who want
             | everything local - local brewers, local farms, co-ops and
             | farmer's markets, etc.
             | 
             | I'm not suggesting that Burlington should build highrises
             | everywhere. I'm suggesting that the building forms that
             | already exist in downtown Burlington - tightly packed 2-4
             | story buildings - should perhaps continue a little further
             | out. It's possible to have urbanism that isn't Manhattan.
             | 
             | With unchecked suburban sprawl, Burlington is going to
             | become the opposite of what it represents now - generic big
             | box stores and chains.
        
               | dont__panic wrote:
               | Precisely. Just look at what's happening to the Front
               | Range in Colorado -- Boulder and Fort Collins
               | specifically -- for a peek at the future of Burlington.
        
           | m0llusk wrote:
           | Competition can't be it because sprawl is terribly
           | uncompetitive by almost any metric. It seems more like there
           | is a large skew between what people think will make them
           | happy and what actually does work out to produce happiness.
        
             | JaimeThompson wrote:
             | >between what people think will make them happy and what
             | actually does work out to produce happiness.
             | 
             | People aren't all the same some like having a yard, a
             | garden, and no people living right next to their walls.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | Right, there's a LOT of rural and semi-rural places in
               | Vermont already if you aren't a fan of cities. In
               | particular though, we're seeing subdivisions of housing
               | sprout up in municipalities neighboring Burlington,
               | typical suburban developments that prey off the desire to
               | live in/near the city but avoid the high city prices (And
               | the high city prices stem from the fact that the city
               | itself, already more or less "fully" developed, has no
               | incentives to upzone and plan for growth)
               | 
               | For example, take this listing
               | https://www.zillow.com/community/kwiniaska-
               | ridge/29091765_pl...
               | 
               | Look at the descriptions used to sell it:
               | 
               | > Just minutes from the lake and downtown Burlington you
               | have everything you need and already do.
               | 
               | This isn't aimed at people looking to escape the city.
               | This is aimed at people looking to buy into the city at a
               | lower price point.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | That or it's aimed at people trying to have it both ways.
               | 
               | I know a couple of people like this, they claim they want
               | to get out of the city, but also aren't willing to live
               | more than 5 minutes from a supermarket. The result is a
               | compromise: suburban sprawl.
        
               | mcdonje wrote:
               | Having it both ways is best serviced by cities that
               | reduce sprawl. If you want to be where things are
               | happening, it's right there. If you want nature, it's
               | just outside of the city. Sprawl creates miles and miles
               | of area that isn't nature and isn't the center of
               | activity. It's a huge amount of infrastructure for a
               | design pattern that has a lot of environmental downsides
               | and doesn't help most people.
        
             | helen___keller wrote:
             | It's a local optimum. Wealthy suburbs are better than small
             | farms for tax dollars. There's lots of demand for housing
             | due to a neighboring municipality's desirability
             | (Burlington, VT). Ergo, it's worth replacing small farms
             | with suburbs that supply this demand.
        
           | throwaway0a5e wrote:
           | >and every town are in a de facto competition for tax
           | dollars,
           | 
           | So (mostly) turn off the faucet and make everywhere pay
           | closer to their own way.
           | 
           | Not getting $1-$1.10 back on the dollar isn't gonna bankrupt
           | rural areas. It just means you the yuppies will have to
           | suffer through the state highway to the u-pick orchard being
           | replaced every 12yr instead of 10.
           | 
           | The whole "pay taxes and then let whoever you paid them to
           | give you them back with strings attached about exactly how
           | you use it" model and designing to qualify for funding that
           | said model incentivizes is exactly how you wind up with
           | boondoggle sprawl. If places were using their own money
           | things would look very different.
        
             | banannaise wrote:
             | Urban spending is disproportionately police. If each area
             | pays their own way, urban areas get basically nothing but a
             | ton of police. Then the cops, who live in the suburbs, take
             | that money (and its potential tax revenue) elsewhere.
             | 
             | You will note that this is already a problem, because we
             | already have a partial pay-your-own-way system.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | >>Urban spending is disproportionately police.
               | 
               | I don't think that is even close to true, NYC latest
               | budget for example is $92.3B (2022), Police got $5.42B,
               | about accounts for ~6% of the total.
               | 
               | Education, social services and 'other' account for almost
               | 70% of the total.
               | 
               | https://council.nyc.gov/budget/wp-
               | content/uploads/sites/54/2...
        
             | mechanical_bear wrote:
             | > Please don't sneer, including at the rest of the
             | community.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | > Please don't sneer, including at the rest of the
               | community.
               | 
               | Since when is "the community" roughly analogous to
               | "yuppies" and since when is being a yuppie a bad thing?
        
               | mechanical_bear wrote:
               | At least some would identify with the lifestyle, etc you
               | deemed "yuppie". You understand what you are doing with
               | comments like that, it's divisive and not productive.
               | 
               | Edit: I won't edit my comment to better address your
               | comment since you edited after I responded.
        
               | throwaway0a5e wrote:
               | Surely _some_ identify as yuppies but I think that 's
               | immaterial here. Yuppie isn't a slur. It's a colloquial
               | expression for a set of demographics.
               | 
               | You know what's divisive and not productive? Drive-by low
               | effort comments quoting the guidelines and projecting
               | offense on other's behalf.
        
               | mechanical_bear wrote:
               | You are intentionally being obtuse and abrasive, please
               | reconsider.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | Are you kidding? It's been a slur for a long time and you
               | were clearly using it as one.
        
             | nerdponx wrote:
             | Dense areas generally subsidize sparse areas.
        
           | mcdonje wrote:
           | Yes. Cities should build up instead of out. That means
           | changing building codes and zoning laws to reduce
           | restrictions on building heights. It also means investing in
           | transportation that can move people around with less space,
           | like light rail.
           | 
           | Refusing to build up will lead to sprawl. Car-centric
           | transportation infrastructure will lead to sprawl and traffic
           | jams. Sprawl a bad scenario for everyone, including car
           | lovers.
        
             | DocTomoe wrote:
             | Building up destroys the desirability of places. No-one
             | wants to live in cypherpunk environments. See
             | https://www.clemensgritl.com/video
        
               | SwetDrems wrote:
               | Building up doesn't mean building a cypherpunk
               | environment.
               | 
               | Building 4/5 story buildings with units for families is
               | enough for healthy urbanization.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | I agree, but would probably place residential height
               | limit around 3 stories (jump out of the window rule), and
               | then for things like hospitals you can go a little taller
               | maybe up to 20 stories.
               | 
               | We have a serious problem in talking past each other
               | though. When people talk about building density the
               | conversation starts around skyscrapers (bad) like Hong
               | Kong or something, but what we need is just medium-
               | density, mixed use development so lots of single family
               | homes, narrow streets, walking/biking, and of course town
               | houses and apartments so we can get variety _and_ mixed
               | income levels living in the same place. The rich family
               | has the giant house on the corner. The young couple fresh
               | out of school lives in an apartment down the street. They
               | see each other every day at the coffee shop or at the
               | park in the neighborhood, or maybe even a local church,
               | gym, or office.
               | 
               | And in building this way we can weave in healthy natural
               | aspects, trees, flowers, gardens, etc. and animals that
               | are better adapted for these environments can live or
               | "visit" these areas. Then as you get further away from
               | this town/city you just get more and more hills and
               | countryside and independent farms.
               | 
               | We know how to do this. We choose not to. It's not
               | profitable for Mercedes if we all walk to work. It's not
               | profitable for Conagra if we grow our produce or buy from
               | an independent farmer. Not that these companies are
               | necessarily (although sometimes they are) evil or
               | anything, it's just an incentives alignment. And
               | unfortunately government officials literally just do not
               | understand what we need to do, so they're like empty
               | vessels chasing things like Sidewalk Labs in Toronto or
               | the Smart Cities Challenge in Columbus where all it
               | amounts to is a corporate handout because the only way to
               | solve a lot of the problems we have is just to build
               | correctly. No amount of EVs fixes our problems (I have an
               | EV btw). What does fix our problems is when families have
               | 1 car per family instead of 2-4, and 90% of their day-to-
               | day activities are within a short walking distance. We
               | need a lot less of this giant SUV to Costco 30 miles away
               | because you're cosplaying living in nature attitude.
               | 
               | This is what an appropriately dense city looks like:
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/trad_arch_bdays/status/15171411856676
               | 003...
               | 
               | This is what a correct neighborhood looks like:
               | 
               | https://i.pinimg.com/originals/37/9b/26/379b266652e0a2013
               | c0c...
               | 
               | This is an anti-pattern. It's devoid of life.
               | 
               | https://facts.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/edward-he-
               | uKyzX...
               | 
               | This is also absolutely dead. There is no nature here.
               | 
               | http://media.beam.usnews.com/70/0d/89b92a674c3b894107a036
               | 41e...
               | 
               | Idk what it looks like yet but I'm going to figure out a
               | way to fix this.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | Also, FWIW, the anti-pattern (shanghai skyline) is the
               | central business district of one of the most populated
               | cities on earth (30+ million people). It wouldn't make
               | sense to propose buildings anywhere that scale anywhere
               | but a handful of very rich cities.
               | 
               | Even in Shanghai there's plenty of neighborhoods full of
               | life at a human-appropriate scale. Just not at city
               | center.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Right - but I think when we have these conversations
               | people envision being "forced" to live in something that
               | resembles that central business district, and I want to
               | make it clear to others that at least in the interest
               | circles I run in, this would be considered a bad idea
               | too.
               | 
               | I question whether we should even have cities with 30
               | million people. That's probably a problem too. People
               | like to point to what appears to be lower c02 emissions,
               | but that's not the only metric that matters. Metrics that
               | I care about would be something like independent farmers
               | per-capita, bikes per-capita, distance of travel for
               | produce, etc.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | Right on
               | 
               | > People like to point to what appears to be lower c02
               | emissions, but that's not the only metric that matters.
               | 
               | On that note, central business districts & skyscrapers
               | aren't actually that great environmentally, although the
               | city model as a whole is much better environmentally than
               | their suburban counterparts.
               | 
               | And it's certainly possible to build a dense, urban city
               | housing even millions of people without a massive central
               | business district. I think, more than anything, the
               | central business district is an artifact of how we
               | organize ourselves economically (IE the economy is
               | dominated by relatively few massive corporations). This
               | is harder to change but certainly not impossible.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Yes! I think it's a historical anomaly, product of nation
               | states which we are just now (or perhaps we just were)
               | winding down from. WW1 and WW2 begot General Electric,
               | The European Union, IBM, the Chinese Communist Party, and
               | the Central Business District which were needed to create
               | the organizational scale and ability to conduct war on
               | the nation state level.
               | 
               | When people left the military they went to familiar
               | environments. You "paid your dues" just like a private
               | did. You stayed with the same company. Etc. But that's
               | all changing. Historically that was not the case (well
               | historically we didn't really have companies for that
               | long, but you get the point). So I think we will revert
               | to a more natural flow, which is more decentralization
               | and fragmentation. I think this is inevitable, but I
               | wish/hope/want to avoid the waste of resources in
               | creating these things in the first place.
        
               | DocTomoe wrote:
               | You paint a very inviting image, that makes a lot of
               | sense - until you realise that low-income, three-story
               | living units often looks more like
               | 
               | https://www.fotocommunity.de/photo/plattenbau-dessau-
               | tobias-...
               | 
               | ... which clearly is not what encourages building a
               | community like you imagine.
               | 
               | Before someone comes and says that I picked the worst
               | image I could find ... nope. This is the standard for
               | "affordable multi-story apartment housing" in my rather
               | affluent country. In many parts we actively demolish them
               | because no-one wants to live there (location is often
               | semi-suburban) and because they are breed a social-
               | problem-area.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Couldn't agree more. We should stop building bullshit
               | like that (i.e. modern style that is soulless and devoid
               | of humanity) and instead just build great looking
               | apartments. Typically people will say "oh but that's so
               | expensive look at how much these cost" but they're
               | expensive because we don't build them, and they are
               | highly desirable.
               | 
               | These are just some random examples in Paris. We should
               | build more like this. We can. There are no barriers.
               | None.
               | 
               | https://bonjourparis.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2016/03/Montmart...
               | 
               | https://www.girlsguidetoparis.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2014/08...
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | I kinda want to live in a cyberpunk environment but I
               | also don't have kids which makes that an easier choice.
               | My spouse and I take our vacations in dense urban centers
               | instead of tropical or rural destinations precisely
               | because we like the culture and energy of super high
               | density environments
        
               | L_Rahman wrote:
               | If this is true, why do the cities with the tallest
               | buildings have the highest cost per unit area of housing
               | and commercial real estate, population density and GDP
               | per capita?
        
               | DocTomoe wrote:
               | These "tallest buildings" usually are not mass-available
               | apartment buildings - they are mostly office buildings
               | and house few, exclusive apartments. Once you pack
               | thousands of people into flats in such buildings, the
               | appeal shrinks, quickly.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | "Cities should build up instead of out. That means changing
             | building codes and zoning laws to reduce restrictions on
             | building heights."
             | 
             | I'll probably be hated for this, as usual... You also have
             | to have people who _want_ to live there. Personal
             | preferences and overall population seem to be important
             | factors overlooked (or conveniently ignored) by many during
             | these conversations. It 's more convenient to focus solely
             | on zoning.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | The great thing about libertarian arguments is that the
               | liberty is a built-in safety valve. We can say all we
               | want about how dense cities are better, but as long as
               | we're saying "quit zoning for suburban development and
               | let people decide for themselves how high of a floor they
               | want to live on," and not, "drive humanity by threat of
               | force into towering Warhammer-40k-esque hive cities,"
               | there's very little chance of accidentally walking into a
               | nightmare. If we're accomplishing it with liberty, we
               | retain the ability to walk out.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I'm not talking about forcing people. I'm saying even if
               | zoning is changed to higher density, demand will still
               | see more sprawling sfh development because that is what
               | many people want. So the higher density zoning isn't
               | going to prevent additional development of natural areas
               | (in the context of the article).
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | If anyone wants to live in the high rises, each one of
               | them is one less house in the sprawl. I'm not saying that
               | everyone will decide they like city life better, only
               | that some people will and it will help the situation.
               | That _may_ even be enough to stop the extinctions.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "each one of them is one less house in the sprawl."
               | 
               | Sure, maybe it slows it. But that's also less
               | competition, which means the supply-demand equilibrium
               | will shift so that when people who want to live in low
               | density areas can have larger lots and houses. Pretty
               | much offsetting the choices of the others.
               | 
               | Not to mention any increase in population will lead to
               | increase in resource utilization, thus increase in
               | natural resource exploitation.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | > Sure, maybe it slows it.
               | 
               | correct. You can't stop sprawl just by upzoning, but
               | maybe you can slow it. It takes a suite of urban planning
               | effort to really combat sprawl, and allowing people to
               | construct and live in dense neighborhoods of their own
               | free will is just the first baby step in that direction.
               | 
               | > the supply-demand equilibrium will shift [..] Pretty
               | much offsetting the choices of the others.
               | 
               | There's no basis for this statement. It sounds like
               | you're suggesting that farmland and woods already don't
               | exist, so if people move into dense regions, then we're
               | just shuffling the remaining land zero-sum among those
               | who would prefer not to live in the city.
               | 
               | There are, in fact, plenty of places that haven't yet
               | been taken over by humans. And when people looking to
               | move to a city can move _to the city_ , companies are
               | less incentivized to develop and subdivide 20 miles from
               | the city.
               | 
               | So, it's not zero sum. Allowing more people to live in
               | the city decreases the demand for development out of the
               | city.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | > _You can 't stop sprawl just by upzoning, but maybe you
               | can slow it._
               | 
               | Population growth appears to be leveling off globally,
               | which implies that if sprawl was slowed enough it could
               | be stopped completely.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "There's no basis for this statement."
               | 
               | Basic economics, really.
               | 
               | "There are, in fact, plenty of places that haven't yet
               | been taken over by humans."
               | 
               | That's shrinking rapidly. You could watch A Life On This
               | Planet for some insight on the scope of
               | development/utilization.
        
               | wing-_-nuts wrote:
               | I'd have no problem living in dense housing if codes
               | mandated _GOOD_ noise insulation. So many apartment walls
               | seem to be made out of cardboard, it 's ridiculous.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | I think most places with this sort of zoning discussion
               | (cities) have no shortage of demand for housing
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It can vary from neighborhood to neighborhood. It depends
               | on what type of demand there is too (sfh vs apt, etc).
               | 
               | If the majority of people had a preference for condos,
               | then we wouldn't see large single family homes being
               | developed. Even in areas where zoning is more lax (many
               | suburbs).
        
               | tomtheelder wrote:
               | Suburbs have some of the strictest zoning, frequently
               | mandating SFH, often with even more extreme requirements
               | stacked on top of that (lot sizes, height restrictions,
               | etc). Our R1 housing supply is artificially high because
               | of zoning restrictions. Suburbs with lax zoning tend to
               | see a lot of condo development.
               | 
               | But in a general sense you don't actually see massive SFH
               | sprawl when you don't have R1 zoning. You tend to get
               | denser areas, often with a belt of SFH around them.
               | Realistically that's fine, and is a model that works
               | around the world.
               | 
               | Also, housing trends just have a lot of inertia. It takes
               | decades of policy change to alter the landscape. Much of
               | the US was either zoned R1 or build up that way because
               | of social and political forces that aren't necessarily
               | relevant any more, but moving away from that is a glacial
               | process.
        
               | helen___keller wrote:
               | > If the majority of people had a preference for condos,
               | then we wouldn't see large single family homes being
               | developed
               | 
               | I'm saying that these sort of zoning discussions are most
               | common in areas that are (a) very high demand broadly
               | across the entire housing stock, and (b) very restrictive
               | on what can be built where
               | 
               | For example, I live in Cambridge, MA. There is a critical
               | housing shortage. There is very little choice in what
               | gets developed; development generally only happens if you
               | have a large team to push the development through the
               | necessary approvals and reviews, such as telling the
               | zoning board that if they allow your non-compliant
               | building then you'll sponsor a park and set aside 10% of
               | your units as income restricted. Even the existing
               | structures tend to be "illegal" because they were
               | grandfathered in from the 1920s or earlier, when zoning
               | did not exist. The only new developments that meet this
               | bar are ultra expensive condo buildings and offices.
               | 
               | Whether the demand exists is not in question. Whatever
               | gets built, people will live in it. But there is very
               | much a question of what is allowed to be built. Some
               | people want more condo buildings. Some people say it
               | ruins the neighborhood character. But whether a condo
               | building can find residents isn't really in question.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "But whether a condo building can find residents isn't
               | really in question."
               | 
               | That wasn't questioned. It was questioned if zoning will
               | actually prevent development of natural lands. Unless
               | _everyone_ want to live in high density housing, there
               | would be a point where additional condos would not find
               | willing tenants (much higher than current levels for some
               | localities).
               | 
               | The point is there are a significant portion of the
               | population that want low density housing and the sprawl
               | will continue.
               | 
               | And on the overall population side, increasing resource
               | demand will continue to tax the natural world. We will
               | need more land for feeding/clothing/etc the increasing
               | population.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | You've got a point on there being a demand for low
               | density housing but wouldn't zoning be able to prevent
               | the sprawl the same way it's currently encouraging it?
               | They could easily(for certain values of easy, it's
               | probably politically infeasible) zone land as not
               | developable
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | There are places that zone for conservation. There are
               | also organizations that buy land and place deed
               | restrictions against developing it, then resell it.
               | 
               | There are areas around me that do these as well as allow
               | for high density housing. These areas are suburbs, small
               | towns, and small cities in the Philly region. We still
               | have sprawl, and prices are relatively high. Even though
               | it's possible to build high density housing in many
               | areas, most people don't. They can get more for large sfh
               | since there's a lot of demand for that. There are some
               | apartments and condos being built, but it seems most of
               | them are pretty expensive or upscale. So even though the
               | zoning is permissive, sfh are the primary construction
               | due to preferences. The conservation can also inflate
               | prices by restricting supply and introducing regulations
               | to deal with.
               | 
               | Just an aside on the regulations... some of them can be
               | extremely stupid, like a prohibition on impermeable
               | surfaces being interpreted to include stuff like
               | _gravel_. If gravel is an impermeable surface, then maybe
               | we can take the regulator to the desert and pour their
               | water on some gravel and come back in a few days...
        
         | 7952 wrote:
         | In addition to dense cities suburban areas could have more
         | natural planting instead of dead lawns.
        
       | dhairya wrote:
       | Cambridge and Boston are fantastic for spring migration birding
       | and fall migration birding, especially Mount Auburn Cemetery in
       | Cambridge. There's a resident barred owl and red tail that swoops
       | in quite close when walking about.
       | https://ebird.org/hotspot/L207391
       | 
       | If you are taking a day hike in the Blue Hills, take main road
       | before the hill summit to right for about a mile to the trailside
       | museum. I discovered by accident and it's super cool as it has a
       | public wildlife sanctuary attached with foxes, otters, eagles,
       | snowy owls and other cool animals.
        
       | abakker wrote:
       | Yes...but, the deer population is out of control and demand
       | greater reintroduction of predators.
       | 
       | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S03781...
       | 
       | The issue is that deer effect forest regeneration, and there
       | needs to be an increase in seedlings to keep the habitat healthy.
       | Deer definitely effect oak trees, and so the forest makeup in
       | places like CT is shifting to more maple and less oak. As a
       | result it makes it harder for other species that depend on mast
       | trees for food.
       | 
       | The solution isn't for us to just exterminate deer, but we need
       | to be careful about that population growing out of control.
        
         | mcdonje wrote:
         | Deer like the edges of forests. Lots of wildlife departments
         | purposely shape forests to have more edge areas in order to
         | increase the deer population so they can sell more hunting
         | licenses.
        
       | fryz wrote:
       | It's cool to see some commentary regarding how hunters and
       | federal policy helped (and hurt).
       | 
       | The National Wild Turkey Foundation is solely responsible for the
       | reintroduction of the turkey across most of the entire US. The
       | entire purpose of the mission was to bring wild turkey
       | populations up for hunting, and that hunters would be the best
       | way to conserve and manage the population.
       | 
       | An excellent podcast done by Steve Rinella (another
       | hunter/conservationist, famous for his Meat Eater TV Show) about
       | the topic:
       | https://www.themeateater.com/listen/meateater/ep-104-turks.
       | 
       | From the episode: the way the NWTF and DOW people captured Wild
       | Turkeys was to design a gun that could shoot webs, capture the
       | turkeys, throw them into a van, and drive them out and drop them
       | off in the woods in another state.
        
         | bitxbitxbitcoin wrote:
         | Piggybacking off this.
         | 
         | If anyone reading this has the gut reaction that hunting and
         | conservation don't go hand in hand, please listen to Steve
         | Rinella and Shane Mahoney's podcast episodes about the North
         | American Model of Wildlife Conservation.[0][1]
         | 
         | As an American, it is a huge source of pride.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.themeateater.com/listen/the-hunting-
         | collective-2...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.themeateater.com/listen/the-hunting-
         | collective-2...
        
           | rupi wrote:
           | Second this one. Absolutely amazing listen, especially if you
           | grew up thinking hunters just go around shooting anything
           | that moves, which admittedly, I did.
        
         | burntoutfire wrote:
         | > gun that could shoot webs, capture the turkeys, throw them
         | into a van, and drive them out and drop them off in the woods
         | in another state
         | 
         | Sounds like one hell of a gun.
        
         | larrik wrote:
         | Hunters were the bulk of the original conversation/nature
         | pushes historically, since they want lots of outdoor space and
         | large animal populations. They bumped heads a bit with
         | preservationists, but at the time most people felt nature was
         | something to be conquered or done away with in the pursuit of
         | progress (up until shockingly recently, frankly).
        
           | meroes wrote:
           | Conservation of what and for whom? In England the hunting
           | land was for the royalty. Anyone caught in royal hunting
           | grounds was severely punished and probably executed for
           | hunting.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | Judging by the flat green lawns and lack of trees in most
           | suburbs in New England, I get the impression that a lot of
           | people still feel that way.
        
             | larrik wrote:
             | This sounds more like new developments (where they level
             | the land before building anything). Most older
             | neighborhoods are much more diverse.
        
             | AbrahamParangi wrote:
             | Flat lawns and few trees doesn't sound like any New England
             | I'm familiar with.
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | Certainly not in rural Maine or Vermont, but huge tracts
               | of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Connecticut are like
               | this.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Where? I grew up in the coastal area of MA, most of the
               | yards had trees as far as I remember. Is this a Middle
               | Mass thing?
               | 
               | I'd believe they clear cut their yards in Connecticut,
               | but that's just because Connecticut is devoted to doing
               | things as wrong as possible while still being part of New
               | England.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | Yea but it's also because people aren't able to connect the
             | dots. Like I live in the suburbs in Ohio, I want to
             | preserve nature, but I'm kind of trapped in my environment.
             | We've planted trees, we do gardening, and we're adding
             | plants that attract pollinators, but there's only so much
             | we can do.
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | I don't know which part of New England you live in but the
             | part I see is the most tree-lined residential area on the
             | globe.
        
       | flyingfences wrote:
       | > funding the recovery of the game species through the sale of
       | licenses, tags, and stamps, as well as a 1937 federal law that
       | placed an 11 percent excise tax on hunting weapons, including
       | guns, ammunition, and archery equipment.
       | 
       | The Pittman-Robertson tax raises nearly a billion dollars a year
       | for conservation and wildlife management.
        
       | Finnucane wrote:
       | This is us:
       | 
       | https://xkcd.com/1871/
        
         | jmclnx wrote:
         | Where I am, there were lots of buns, plus song birds. But 3
         | neighbors got cats and they let them out all the time, after 6
         | months the bunnies and song birds are now all gone.
         | 
         | I wish NE would do what I heard New Zealand is now doing,
         | forcing people to keep their cats indoors.
         | 
         | But nice cartoon, I do not know how I missed it, I read xkcd
         | daily.
        
           | rory wrote:
           | Conversely, my neighborhood on Cape Cod is absolutely overrun
           | by bunnies, to the point where we could probably use a few
           | cats to keep things in balance.
           | 
           | Things used to be more reasonable, but as more people started
           | living here full time, it seems the foxes were pushed back
           | out of the immediate neighborhood.
           | 
           | Disturbingly, our dogs have a knack for finding nests and
           | tossing around the baby bunnies, apparently without any
           | intention to kill and eat them. They sound EXACTLY like
           | squeak toys.
        
         | oneoff786 wrote:
         | Boston does have a lot of good buns
         | 
         | Randall also lives in MA I believe so yeah it's also him
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | The Boston North Shore suburbs seem to have so many more
           | bunnies than other similar areas in the northeast. Different
           | climate? Lack of predators? Better food?
        
             | 1970-01-01 wrote:
             | They're not supposed to be there. They were introduced a
             | hundred years ago and are competing with the native cotton
             | tail.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_England_cottontail
        
               | nerdponx wrote:
               | Interesting, I assumed they _were_ the native cottontail!
               | Is there a reliable way to tell them apart?
               | 
               | Edit: Wikipedia says that they are morphologically almost
               | identical. Is the species distinction just a matter of
               | genetics at this point? Normally I am bothered by
               | invasive species, but somehow this doesn't seem to be
               | such a problem, if you literally can't tell them apart
               | without molecular analysis or looking at minor
               | differences in their skulls.
               | 
               | I am aware that similar situations have happened with
               | house sparrows and starlings, where they have so
               | successfully outcompeted the natives that you would think
               | they were the native dominant species. At least starlings
               | are easy to identify and can't be confused with anything
               | native, but I don't think I could tell apart the
               | different sparrows.
        
               | sdenton4 wrote:
               | Sparrows are easier to differentiate by their
               | vocalizations (mostly). Many have a species-distinct
               | opening to their song.
               | 
               | Different species of sparrow also occupy different
               | habitat, and fill somewhat different ecological niches.
               | 
               | I'm less familiar with rabbit vocalizations. :)
        
               | oneoff786 wrote:
               | They can honk a bit when excited or growl. Probably won't
               | see a wild rabbit doing any of that.
        
               | Finnucane wrote:
               | ehh, what's up, doc.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | Rat extermination efforts have also removed a predator.
               | When rats are abundant they will wipe out rabbits as they
               | will enter their warrens and prey on the rabbit kits. I
               | was in Somerville when they broke ground on the green
               | line expansion which drove the rats that had been nesting
               | in untouched government land for years into the
               | neighborhood. Over the course of ~2 months we went from
               | rabbits everywhere to them becoming locally extinct and
               | having been replaced by rats
        
       | gwbas1c wrote:
       | I live a little south of Boston. In the spring I often get large
       | rafters (herds) of turkeys on my lawn. Sometimes there are 30 or
       | more going through my neighborhood.
       | 
       | My 1-year-old loves staring at the window and pointing at the
       | toms (males) with their giant plumes. They look like peacocks
       | when they spread their tail feathers out to attract a hen. I have
       | to sit my daughter at the window while we eat breakfast because
       | she just has to stare at them.
       | 
       | Apparently turkeys prefer to mate in fields, so they like doing
       | their thing on lawns. Good to know that at least something wile
       | benefits from mine.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-04-21 23:01 UTC)