[HN Gopher] An update on the campaign to defend serious math edu...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An update on the campaign to defend serious math education in
       California
        
       Author : Tomte
       Score  : 325 points
       Date   : 2022-04-26 17:30 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scottaaronson.blog)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scottaaronson.blog)
        
       | spicymaki wrote:
       | The tension here is that educational achievement is a proxy
       | measurement for IQ and in capitalist societies IQ is directly
       | correlated with income. The cultural ideal here in the US is that
       | hard work, effort, and grit is what is necessary for success. It
       | is supposed to be purely egalitarian; you get what you give.
       | However whether you are born with a high IQ is purely random, and
       | even worse IQ is heritable. This is creating a technocracy which
       | is at odds with the egalitarian ideal. This along with the
       | expanding wealth gap is causing the schism you see today.
        
         | n4r9 wrote:
         | > whether you are born with a high IQ is purely random, and
         | even worse IQ is heritable
         | 
         | This sounds contradictory to me.
         | 
         | Moreover, how does IQ differ in this respect from "capacity and
         | willingness to do hard work"?
        
           | eggsmediumrare wrote:
           | Who you are born as is random, but who will have children
           | with higher IQ is not. Work ethic is less nature and more
           | nurture than IQ, or at least feels that way intuitively.
        
             | akomtu wrote:
             | > Who you are born as is random.
             | 
             | The essense of materialistic nihilism.
        
           | anthonypasq wrote:
           | I mean they are completely different measures. They both
           | contribute to success but can be tested independantly.
           | 
           | Also assuming that "capacity and willingness to do hard work"
           | is a personality trait, that is also largely random. So no
           | matter which way you slice it, you gotta get lucky on either
           | the intelligence or industriousness axes (or both) to be
           | successful.
        
         | throwawayboise wrote:
         | High IQ by itself doesn't get rewarded very much without hard
         | work, effort, and grit. If you have all of that, yes you'll be
         | rewarded more than others who lack one or more of those
         | qualities. And you should be.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | Intellect is not 100% inherited. The percentage is debated, but
         | it is almost certainly not 100.
        
       | TimPC wrote:
       | Something is rotten in the state of academia when looking at the
       | evidence there are mathematicians, scientists and social
       | scientists standing bravely in favour of a high bar and a quality
       | education program in mathematics.
       | 
       | On the other side of the argument you have people from the
       | Department of Education who specialize in Mathematics Education
       | who seem happy to lower the bar as far as possible in the name of
       | equality.
       | 
       | When I was in University the Department of Education was the most
       | woke department on campus, except for perhaps the Department of
       | Gender Studies. We are now seeing policies that favour wokeness
       | ahead of the best interests of the students affected by the
       | policies.
        
       | klodolph wrote:
       | I don't live in CA and this isn't my circus, but I have some
       | things to say about math education. From the statement:
       | 
       | > We write to emphasize that for students to be prepared for STEM
       | and other quantitative majors in 4-year colleges, [...], learning
       | the Algebra II curriculum [...] in high school is essential.
       | 
       | Problems with math are one of the most common reasons why
       | students encounter difficulties in STEM education and careers.
       | The most common problem is difficulty with high-school level
       | algebra.
       | 
       | I agree, fundamentally, with the relevant premise of the CA
       | effort here (and agree with Aaronson's criticism of its
       | implementation). That premise is that you shouldn't have to be on
       | an accelerated track in middle school in order to take calculus
       | in high school. And yet... the fact is, we get a lot of adults in
       | college or graduate school pursuing STEM degrees, who have shaky
       | foundations in high-school algebra.
       | 
       | Just looking at the "typical" math track in US high schools it
       | does seem a bit arbitrary. Algebra I, Geometry, Algebra II, Pre-
       | Calculus, Calculus--this is the most common math track I see,
       | with accelerated students starting Geometry in 9th grade,
       | Calculus in 12th grade.
       | 
       | The thing is... individual performance is highly variable in math
       | classes, and to make sure that everyone gets good foundations in
       | mathematics, we see high-school mathematics curricula that repeat
       | the core algebra concepts in different classes. This repetition
       | and focus on fundamentals is why the division between classes
       | seems so arbitrary--what is presented as a sequence of classes is
       | really more of a unified curriculum spread across multiple years.
       | When you combine these two factors (variable performance,
       | repetition in the curriculum), you end up with a population of
       | high-school students who develop good foundations in algebra
       | early on and are bored by the repetition, and a population of
       | students who really benefit from the time spent mastering
       | algebra, and it's hard to serve both.
       | 
       | I think we can figure out a way to let high-school students take
       | AP calculus in 12th grade without expecting them to take Algebra
       | I in 8th grade, and we don't need to push everyone into calculus
       | faster in order to do it. And yet, my experience with high-school
       | education in the US has left me very cynical about it. Letting
       | students progress through the high-school math curriculum at the
       | right rate requires a kind of "personal touch" that seems to only
       | happen to individual students when their parents are involved,
       | but not _pushy_. It 's rare. The school system would rather do
       | the easy thing (everybody moves in lockstep to the next class in
       | the sequence), and parents are largely either uninvolved or
       | overinvolved.
       | 
       | (This is more or less what the article says, I'm agreeing with
       | the article.)
        
         | wbsss4412 wrote:
         | Considering the fact that the vast majority of students _aren
         | 't_ going to go onto 4 year STEM degrees, it doesn't make sense
         | to track all students towards that goal.
         | 
         | I feel as though there is too much focus on giving everyone
         | more or less the same type of mathematical education in high
         | school. This is probably due to limited resources (ie teacher
         | availability and class sizes), but ideally there would be room
         | for a more varied approach wherein students don't need to have
         | every year build on the next if the _aren't_ STEM tracked. Too
         | many students fall behind and never are able to recover. Math
         | class just becomes dead time, and those that do make it to
         | college end up retaking the same subjects over again.
        
           | klodolph wrote:
           | > Considering the fact that the vast majority of students
           | aren't going to go onto 4 year STEM degrees, it doesn't make
           | sense to track all students towards that goal.
           | 
           | It sounds like we agree 100% on that point.
           | 
           | I'm mostly thinking about the students who are going into
           | STEM degrees later in life, who will (hopefully) come from
           | varied backgrounds in high school and middle school. If you
           | decide in high-school that you're interested in STEM, then it
           | makes sense to develop solid foundations in algebra during
           | high-school. Just like it doesn't make sense for all people
           | to take math like a STEM major, it doesn't make sense to
           | fast-track all future STEM majors to take calculus in high-
           | school, and it doesn't make sense to make decisions in middle
           | school that lock students out of high-school calculus.
           | 
           | The thing that confounds this is that people overvalue high-
           | school calculus as _the_ ticket to a STEM degree, when (like
           | the article says) many people would be better served by
           | developing stronger foundations in algebra. And public
           | schools are generally not good at educating students at their
           | own rate  & level.
        
       | deanCommie wrote:
       | Irrespective of specific educational curriculums, I'm curious
       | what does HN think about Calculus?
       | 
       | I absolutely loved learning Calculus in high school in Math and
       | 1st and 2nd year of University. I consistently got 97+% on my
       | grades.
       | 
       | And I've never had to use it in my Computer Science degree or my
       | 20 year Software Engineer career since.
       | 
       | Am in a bubble because I don't spend much time in the Machine
       | Learning domain?
        
         | Der_Einzige wrote:
         | Also you don't need calculus to "do" ML (even deep learning
         | research!)
         | 
         | I got to the point of writing my own toy neural network from
         | scratch, seeing backpropegation, figuring that I'd have to use
         | the chain rule myself on my forward pass, understanding what
         | "automatic differentiation" was and why it's important, and
         | decided "screw that I'm not putting myself through this hell
         | again" and decided to look into
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative-free_optimization
         | 
         | You can literally just find your own hetrodox subset of
         | scholars in your field who are like "calculus? pfft!"
        
         | npunt wrote:
         | I've never understood the cult of calculus. I think it comes
         | from mistaking the importance of its discovery for the
         | importance of teaching it. It was a huge unlock for science,
         | but is in no way a huge unlock for most people's lives.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I feel psychology and stats are the biggest
         | missing pieces in K12 education. We need to build greater
         | awareness of human needs and fallibilities, and awareness of
         | how to make decisions in uncertain environments by
         | understanding probabilities. Both are about developing a
         | nuanced perspective on life and making better, more sober
         | decisions, and they build a great deal of empathy to boot.
         | 
         | Finally, psych & stats are inherently relatable - everyone
         | deals with people and has to make decisions. So much of the K12
         | experience isn't relatable, which is why students often hate
         | school.
        
           | eesmith wrote:
           | As I recall from when this came up a few years ago, the "cult
           | of calculus" was because in the post-war era 'the end-users
           | of mathematics studies [were] mostly in the physical sciences
           | and engineering; and they expected manipulative skill in
           | calculus.' - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Math .
           | 
           | One way to see how curriculum has changed over the last 70
           | years is in Sheldon Glashow's autobiography. He graduated
           | from the Bronx High School of Science in 1950. Quoting https:
           | //www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1979/glashow/biogr... ,
           | "High-school mathematics then terminated with solid
           | geometry."
        
           | ecshafer wrote:
           | Calculus is critically essential for learning many later math
           | fields, and many important topics. Mechanical Engineering,
           | Electrical Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Civil
           | Engineering, Aerospace, etc. There is a lot of very critical
           | fields to modern society that requires knowledge of calculus.
           | You can't build a modern bridge without calculus.
        
             | npunt wrote:
             | I don't dismiss its value in the broader education system,
             | nor for certain industries and jobs. But specifically in
             | the context of K12 requirements & expectations in the
             | process of applying for college, it's hardly foundational
             | knowledge for most of life's paths.
             | 
             | Ergo, it's best to a) not to have college expectations be
             | built around most/everyone having it before college and
             | punishing those who don't, b) focus on teaching it where
             | it's needed (eg when in college for those majors), and of
             | course c) if a kid knows their path involves it earlier,
             | make it available to learn when they want to.
        
         | MatteoFrigo wrote:
         | It depends upon where you think calculus starts.
         | 
         | If you take the position that calculus is the concept of limit
         | and all its consequences, then things like exp() and log() are
         | calculus and it's hard to get anything done in CS without
         | those. In this view, saying that quicksort is O(n log n) is a
         | statement of calculus.
         | 
         | If you say that calculus is derivatives and integrals, then I'd
         | say that calculus is not that important in a digital world, and
         | that discrete math is much more useful. However, discrete math
         | is harder than calculus, but you can use calculus as an
         | approximation to the discrete answer (i.e., compute the
         | integral if you don't know how to compute a sum, or use a
         | derivative to approximate a difference). Ironically, this is
         | the opposite of the old attitude that the continuous answer was
         | the true one and the discrete answer was a poor man's
         | approximation to the true one.
        
       | charlescearl wrote:
       | In the last couple of months, two readings stay with me on
       | challenging the notion that math/science are things that only
       | "certain kinds of men" do (more a gendered stance in the u.s.
       | than eastern europe / asia).
       | 
       | The first is The Dawn of Everything, by David Graeber. I'm left
       | with the notion that what we now call science and mathematics
       | emerged from tinkering, persistent experimentation done mostly by
       | women, and that what we have now disciplined into mathematics
       | emerges from the systematic study and production of pattern
       | (basket making, the organization of communal structures), and
       | Graeber seems to argue against the hierarchical gender divides
       | when viewed across the broad stretch of human history.
       | 
       | Rachel Thomas https://www.fast.ai/2022/03/15/math-person/ also
       | makes a case that math is something that all people do.
       | 
       | I think that the larger point both are making is that disciplines
       | don't have to be the way they are constructed now.
       | 
       | My only "political"'statement would be the hope that states
       | (particularly the u.s.) would invest as deeply in mathematics
       | education at the primary and secondary level, for all of its
       | communities, at the level of investment in big science and big
       | military projects.
        
       | voz_ wrote:
       | Wokeness is destroying California. I left after living there for
       | 20 years. It was a great choice.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | phillipcarter wrote:
         | This is a real _laptop class_ kind of statement, to borrow
         | terminology from one of the more prominent anti- "woke"
         | investors.
         | 
         | Living in California is expensive as hell, especially for
         | younger folks with no inheritance, and the state operates at
         | varying levels of dysfunction because it's got 40 million
         | people in it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | JaimeThompson wrote:
         | What is wokeness in this instance?
        
           | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
           | Math perpetuates an -ism so we must change math.
        
             | JaimeThompson wrote:
             | Was some of the false statements said about Common Core
             | match "woke" according to that definition?
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | Economic disparity is a more obvious answer with the benefit of
         | being backed by actual data. No need for personal boogeymen
         | based on social mores.
        
       | kurthr wrote:
       | From the original letter:                 While well-intentioned,
       | we believe that many of the changes proposed by the CMF are
       | deeply misguided and will disproportionately harm under-resourced
       | students. Adopting them would result in a student population that
       | is less prepared to succeed in STEM and other 4-year quantitative
       | degrees in college.  The CMF states that 'many students, parents,
       | and teachers encourage acceleration beginning in grade eight (or
       | sooner) because of mistaken beliefs that Calculus is an important
       | high school goal.'
       | 
       | The updated CMF looks better, but I just don't see how an
       | educator who knows math or how to teach math could come to such a
       | conclusion (that Calculus should not be a goal). If it is well-
       | intentioned, what was the intention... to dumb down math in high
       | school? Perhaps we need to educate those who are coming up with
       | the math frameworks in math and science, or to get people who
       | care on the California Department of Education?
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | I'd rather linear algebra and discrete math be the goal.
         | Calculus is greatly overrated. I mean, sure you should take it,
         | but IMO linear algebra is considerably more useful in the real
         | world and most people never take it. Knowing how to integrate
         | and differentiate in continuous space isn't nearly as useful as
         | learning how to count in discrete space. Most people operate in
         | a discrete world.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | > If it is well-intentioned, what was the intention... to dumb
         | down math in high school?
         | 
         | Bingo. It's well intentioned, but the intentions aren't to
         | ensure that America can keep up with a rising China.
         | 
         | It's shocking to me that people in California aren't more
         | worried about this. About 15 years ago, I was talking to an
         | engineer at Juniper/Cisco. We were joking about how Huawei had
         | copied one of their router designs down to the silk screened
         | assembly instructions (in English!) on the PCBs. Fast forward
         | to today, Huawei is making fully custom equipment down to state
         | of the art switch and router chips, and Chinese companies are
         | white boxing lower end products made by American brands.
         | 
         | There's a big bet out there that the U.S. can survive on
         | software and social media alone. I would think the success of
         | Tik Tok would have blown even that rationalization out of the
         | water.
         | 
         | On the general point of U.S. math education: my cousin who
         | lives in a nice California suburb was complaining that the math
         | education her early high school student is receiving is several
         | grade levels behind what she got--in Bangladesh. My mom, who
         | also went to school in Bangladesh (in the 1960s!) was deeply
         | unhappy about the math education in our affluent Virginia
         | suburb, until I got into a top STEM magnet high school. My own
         | kids go to an expensive private school, but are still getting
         | math tutoring on the side. Math is just a shockingly low
         | priority for Americans.
        
           | klodolph wrote:
           | In the 1960s, it was the USSR. In the 1980s it was Japan. Now
           | it's China.
           | 
           | I'm not trying to suggest that the US is fine and we
           | shouldn't fix anything, but if you look at the world by
           | comparing test scores and grade levels in mathematics, you're
           | going to come to some very warped perceptions about what is
           | important. I'm speaking as someone passionate about STEM
           | education, who got a B.S. in mathematics.
           | 
           | The whole situation is warped. The USA accounts for 4% of the
           | world population, and 40% of the top 100 universities in the
           | world. That's fucking _weird._ I don 't have an explanation
           | for it. I'm just saying that the different signals we use for
           | evaluating how good our education system is functioning are
           | giving us radically different pieces of feedback, and our
           | understanding needs to be correspondingly sophisticated.
           | 
           | There are all these narratives about how China is going to
           | eat our lunch (like Japan in the 1980s, or the USSR in the
           | 1960s) and while I don't feel comfortable betting on long-
           | term US hegemony, and while I do think we should put more
           | work into our mathematics education, I do think that looking
           | at the world through high-school mathematics test scores is
           | going to give you anxiety more than it's going to give you an
           | accurate picture of what are problems really are.
           | 
           | To take another statistic into account, there are actually
           | many STEM graduates in the US. What do we do with this
           | information? How do we change our policies? It's unclear.
        
             | cuteboy19 wrote:
             | > The USA accounts for 4% of the world population, and 40%
             | of the top 100 universities in the world
             | 
             | that is just inertia, carried over from the time when the
             | US was the only superpower. More and more Chinese
             | universities enter this list every year.
        
           | nosefrog wrote:
           | > affluent Virginia suburb, until I got into a top STEM
           | magnet high school
           | 
           | TJ? :P
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | If we look at countries beyond the US and China... what are
           | they surviving on?
           | 
           | Should math be a higher priority in the US? Should working
           | hours in the US be the same as in China? Should the academic
           | pressure on kids be as high in the US as in China?
           | 
           | The US is much smaller population-wise, would we actually
           | need to try five times _harder_ than China?
           | 
           | Is it not enough to compare today's high school overachievers
           | with those of 20 years ago, all still fighting for the same
           | universities but with all similarly-inflated resumes? Do we
           | actually need to push them even further?
           | 
           | Do we instead want to be more like the European countries
           | that currently put themselves under _less_ pressure than the
           | US?
        
         | cwkoss wrote:
         | Is calculus an important highschool goal? I feel like I may
         | have benefited more if that time was spent on statistical
         | literacy than calculus. I encounter stats very often in my
         | adult life, calculus style problems are rare and I don't
         | remember the formulas offhand, so end up just looking up what I
         | need.
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | Stats _requires_ calculus; you can 't even define a
           | probability distribution without some pretty advanced notions
           | of real analysis. Discrete math, linear algebra etc. are
           | viable alternatives.
        
             | spywaregorilla wrote:
             | I took AP Stats in high school. I took a calculus based
             | probability course at MIT. The former was extremely
             | important to me and I learned a ton. The latter was
             | interesting, but mostly unnecessary. A z-score lookup table
             | is more than enough to teach the concept of a normal cdf
             | without actually being able to derive it yourself.
             | 
             | As a professional data scientist I've never needed to use
             | calculus unless you consider graphical reasoning on
             | distribution diagrams to be calculus.
        
             | khazhoux wrote:
             | No. Learning high-school or early-ungrad statistics does
             | not require knowing calculus. The material will not require
             | integration or differentiation.
        
             | BeetleB wrote:
             | What you say is true. However:
             | 
             | Most people who deal with data/statistics in their working
             | lives do not need to know real analysis, do not utilize
             | calculus to draw (correct) conclusions, and do not use
             | linear algebra either. They learned all these things once
             | and forgot them a long time ago, _because they did not need
             | them_. They utilize statistics an order of a magnitude more
             | often than they do calculus.
             | 
             | They are not statisticians, but people who need to deal
             | with data as part of their job.
        
             | l33t2328 wrote:
             | But statistical literacy doesn't.
             | 
             | Sure, they may not be able to tell you what is a measurable
             | function, but they can explain the way you should feel
             | about a p-value.
        
               | teawrecks wrote:
               | As someone who took both a stats and newtonian physics
               | course before taking a calc course, I wish I hadn't. It
               | was a waste of time. They can't explain why you use the
               | formulas they do, they have to just say "trust us, and be
               | able to regurgitate it on the exam". For me, learning
               | means developing an intuition, which means
               | resolving/building new facts from other facts I have
               | already accepted. Being handed seemingly random formulas
               | to memorize goes directly against this. Yeah, I can use
               | my car without knowing how every piece inside works, but
               | the moment something goes wrong, I don't know what to do.
               | I would never say I am car-literate, and someone who
               | hasn't taken calc cannot be stats-literate.
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | You can develop an intuition divorced from meaningless
               | formulas.
               | 
               | It goes without saying this proposed class wouldn't be
               | based around memorizing unmotivated formulas.
        
               | teawrecks wrote:
               | But how would you "motivate" the formulas without knowing
               | where they came from? Why is this the formula we use and
               | not something else?
               | 
               | To go back to the car analogy, I know why I need an
               | engine, you might even say I know how to use the engine,
               | but if the engine dies or I want to use the engine for
               | some other purpose, I'm not equipped to do anything.
               | 
               | I don't have "literacy" with engines, I have rote
               | memorization of a series of steps. I don't have enough
               | information to know why the steps are what they are, nor
               | could I know under what conditions the steps should
               | change or what they should change to.
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | Just don't include formulas you can't motivate simply.
               | 
               | Will it result in students not knowing as many formulas?
               | Of course, but who cares?
        
             | cool_dude85 wrote:
             | Not at a high school level. AP Stats I believe does not
             | require calculus as a prerequisite.
             | 
             | Discrete distributions can be defined, even infinite
             | discrete distributions (as sequences and series are taught
             | in pre-calc). Continuous distributions can't be formally
             | defined, but a lot of intuition can be given with hand-
             | waving e.g. the area under this curve. Probably most of the
             | class is spent with counting and probability-type problems,
             | but plenty of actual statistics can be done without
             | calculus - we can learn about distributions, what a
             | statistic is, expectation, sampling, counting,
             | probability... the list goes on.
        
             | 6gvONxR4sf7o wrote:
             | There's a diminishing return here. Single variable
             | differential and integral calc is a sweet spot. Without
             | that, there's a ton of memorizing seemingly unrelated
             | facts, but with it, you can learn a few principles that
             | lead to a huge amount of practical stuff.
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | Is this really true, in practice? For example, given its
             | importance in every day life, I think _everyone_ should
             | understand test sensitivity and specificity, and how these
             | relate to but are quite different from predictive value
             | positive and predictive value negative. All of those topics
             | can be understood with basic algebra. Similarly, I recall
             | my introduction to biostatistics class I took at an Ivy
             | League institution, and I don 't really recall using
             | calculus much in any of it.
        
               | fartcannon wrote:
               | At some point, someone was saying precisely this about
               | literacy. And it was as true then as your comment is now.
               | You only need some range of function around the baseline
               | education to operate in society. But if you want society
               | to progress, then everyone needs to learn to read and
               | write.
        
               | magicalist wrote:
               | At some point someone was saying the same thing about
               | Greek and cursive, too, though, so being merely more than
               | the baseline isn't sufficient evidence that it should be
               | included in everyone's education.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Bad analogy. Being able to understand statistics at an
               | everyday usage level _is_ the equivalent of being able to
               | read and write. Understanding calculus needed for
               | statistics is the equivalent of needing to understand
               | Latin or comparative linguistics. Noble and useful
               | pursuits for sure, but you can get far with an educated
               | society that just knows how to read and write even if
               | they 're iffy on the Latin roots of it all.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | Colleges have varying levels of stats classes for different
             | majors, and not all of them require rigorous understandings
             | of calculus. The ideas and principles presented in those
             | classes are still important for people to learn, even if
             | they are unfamiliar with, or haven't mastered, calculus.
             | It's possible to teach those principles in high school, as
             | well.
        
             | falcor84 wrote:
             | You can't even define arithmetic on natural numbers without
             | some pretty advanced notions of logic and set theory. But
             | you can definitely get a lot of value from arithmetic
             | without those definitions.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | _Stats requires calculus; you can 't even define a
             | probability distribution without some pretty advanced
             | notions of real analysis._
             | 
             | Only in the same sense in which operating a car requires
             | advanced knowledge of mechanical engineering, electrical
             | engineering, aerodynamics, fluid dynamics, thermodynamics,
             | etc. IOW, in no sense related to the everyday, ordinary
             | practice of operating a car.
             | 
             | Sure, statistics requires calculus... and real analysis,
             | and probability, and measure theory, and FSM knows what
             | else - IF you're doing statistics research or trying to
             | break new ground, or do really advanced things. But all of
             | this is light years away from the level of statistics
             | knowledge needed by Joe Q. Public to better understand (and
             | not be misled by) the "statistics" frequently thrown out in
             | news articles, government reports, etc.
             | 
             | Please, for the love of FSM, can we stop this HN "thing" of
             | assuming that every mention of any mathematical topic
             | implies that the goal of the user/learner is to do original
             | research in the field?
        
             | the_only_law wrote:
             | Then I have no idea what my school was doing then because
             | as a senior you either took Calc or Stats.
        
             | hnrj95 wrote:
             | i'd argue that you can't properly define probability
             | without notions in measure theory, which is obviously far
             | too advanced for a high school student. i'm not an
             | educator, but some middle ground needs to be struck. i
             | think it's clear to many that the quality of education in
             | american colleges far exceeds the quality of education in
             | the average middle or high school. that's the issue, imo
        
               | afiori wrote:
               | You can do quite a lot of useful stuff with just https://
               | en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulative_distribution_functi...
               | 
               | You only need measure theory when working with something
               | that is not easily replaceable by R^n, Z^n, or finite
               | sets to meaningfully define integration, otherwise
               | (in)finite sums and Riemann integration get you very far.
               | 
               | I am a bit rusty on my advanced probability theory, but
               | IIRC the only thing that required* measures was defining
               | conditional probabilities and expected values on zero-
               | probability events.
               | 
               | Of course redoing that class without Lebesgue integration
               | sounds excruciatingly painful.
               | 
               | * Not just to make proofs nicer and theorems more
               | powerful
        
             | jhbadger wrote:
             | But that's like saying everybody who learns to program
             | needs to know electrical engineering so they understand how
             | CPUs work. Just as most programmers don't need that to be
             | good programmers, knowing useful statistics doesn't mean
             | deriving things from first principles but rather knowing
             | what statistical test to apply to analyze data and how to
             | interpret the results. This doesn't need calculus.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | I had calculus before college, got a 5 on the AP calculus
           | exam, and it did not seem to have prepared me in any way for
           | college-level calculus. I always thought that had been a
           | total waste of one of my senior year class periods.
        
             | pishpash wrote:
             | That's a totally different argument. I mean, did arithmetic
             | "algebra" prepare you for abstract algebra or even linear
             | algebra in college?
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | Actually, yes. The rules for manipulating 'expressions'
               | with 'variables' in school algebra describe what are
               | called "free objects" over some set of "generators". The
               | whole setting generalizes pretty well.
        
             | throwawayboise wrote:
             | I took calculus in High School, it was a dual credit course
             | with a state university. I got credit at the university for
             | the first semester of calculus (which was taught over the
             | entire year in High School, so at a slower pace, but also
             | allowed the High School class to spend more time on review
             | in the first month or so, compared to college courses which
             | basically dive right in). We took the same exams as the
             | university course.
             | 
             | I felt I was prepared for 2nd semester calculus when I took
             | that as my first math course in college.
        
           | LeifCarrotson wrote:
           | It's true that to someone familiar with collegiate
           | mathematics, it doesn't feel too important to make that the
           | goal - sure, why not statistics (except perhaps that a
           | thorough understanding of statistics requires some calculus),
           | or why not discrete mathematics, or number theory, or linear
           | algebra, or set theory...there are lots of topics!
           | Mathematics really is a tree with many branches, and you're
           | correct that the high school track towards calculus just
           | develops one trunk with a couple stunted growths, which is
           | definitely unfortunate.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, I think it comes down to resource constraints:
           | When I attended a relatively wealthy and large suburban
           | school district that offered more courses than most other
           | school system in the state, there were only 18 other students
           | who took AP Calculus BC our senior years (and one anomaly who
           | took it his junior year). There were a couple classes for
           | Calc AB, mostly seniors and a few juniors. That special
           | 18-student course was already pushing the limit on the
           | minimum class size, a couple years prior they hadn't had
           | enough students and didn't offer it at all.
           | 
           | If you'd split the curriculum into discrete math and
           | statistics as well, there wouldn't be enough resources to
           | support those branches. To take a chainsaw to the analogy,
           | you wouldn't have the straight but sturdy tree trunk we have
           | now, you'd have a stump or maybe a shrub.
        
           | dymk wrote:
           | The abstract concepts of calculus are useful and will shape
           | the way you think about and go about solving problems, even
           | if you don't explicitly employ an integral or derivative.
           | Rates, sums, areas, volumes, etc.
           | 
           | Learn the nuts and bolts in highschool, use the intuition for
           | the rest of your life.
        
             | mrob wrote:
             | The abstract concepts are useful, but in practice most
             | effort is spent on applying rote symbol manipulation rules
             | to questions specifically designed such that applying the
             | most obvious rule at each step will reach the solution. The
             | idea of a tree search in symbol manipulation is never
             | taught, so if you try solving non-trivial real-world
             | problems you will likely manipulate yourself into a dead
             | end.
             | 
             | Highschool calculus should be taught with computer algebra
             | software. That's what you'll use in real life as soon as
             | you find an even slightly difficult calculus problem.
             | There's not enough time to teach both the symbol
             | manipulation rules and the intuition.
        
             | arcbyte wrote:
             | Seriously this. The average American doesn't grasp how
             | basic graphs work. This simple idea of trends and how
             | different functions imply graph differences is a powerful
             | basic thought model. "Is this a linear or exponential curve
             | curve problem?"
        
           | scarmig wrote:
           | The point isn't that every single student should take
           | calculus. The goal is to make it so different students can
           | choose the path that's best for them. California's proposed
           | changes make it much tougher for students to take calculus in
           | 12th grade, let alone earlier.
        
           | TaylorAlexander wrote:
           | I'm certainly very happy that I learned calculus in high
           | school. I then got a 5 on the AP calculus test and tested in
           | to third quarter calculus in college. It was important as an
           | engineer to understand those concepts. I don't use them too
           | often and I forgot a lot of it, but I really enjoyed it and I
           | think it would be unfortunate if other students did not have
           | that opportunity. I agree stats would be great too!
        
             | canadaduane wrote:
             | As a software engineer, I wish I had learned stats instead
             | of calculus. Some exposure would have been great, but the
             | high school & university requirements were way off target
             | wrt its usefulness in computer science. It was a painful
             | process of learning, failing, and re-taking calculus,
             | squeaking by, only to never use it again. I was a
             | straight-A student otherwise.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | I get that. As a robotics engineer, some cursory
               | understanding of integrals and derivatives is useful.
               | 
               | But what I really mean is that, as a person, I just
               | really enjoyed calculus. I found I was very good at it,
               | and that experience helped me understand why some people
               | choose to focus their career on pure mathematics. I am
               | happy I took calculus not as a means of training for the
               | workforce, but because I found it enriching on its own.
               | And I never would have taken all that time if it wasn't
               | offered to me as a class in public school that counted as
               | credits towards graduation.
        
           | shmde wrote:
           | Lets say you need to find the probability of something
           | happening 10% of the time to 40% of the time, you need to
           | perform definite integration of the curve ( lets say normal
           | curve ) from 0.1 to 0.4 on the x axis multiplied by the
           | normal curve function. This is one of the easiest examples I
           | could remember from my undergrad. We could solve these
           | problems with ease at undergraduate level because we grinded
           | hard during our high school. And also these type of problems
           | were just a subset of the huge variety of problems presented
           | during our undergraduate. But lets say they started teaching
           | calculus only during Undergrad it would have become a
           | tremendous task just to first learn about calculus then start
           | with applying it on other subjects. I am all in for teaching
           | calculus during high school.
        
             | BeetleB wrote:
             | > Lets say you need to find the probability of something
             | happening 10% of the time to 40% of the time, you need to
             | perform definite integration of the curve ( lets say normal
             | curve ) from 0.1 to 0.4 on the x axis multiplied by the
             | normal curve function.
             | 
             | No one does this in the real world. Not even professional
             | statisticians who know calculus. In the old days they used
             | table lookups. Today they use software.
             | 
             | You need to understand the concept of areas under curves.
             | Calculus is just a means to compute the area.
        
           | jrumbut wrote:
           | I think if the policy was "calculus isn't an important goal,
           | we should actually teach stats" the reaction would be
           | different.
           | 
           | I give the edge to calculus because it allows students to go
           | right into physics and be able to graduate college with an
           | engineering degree in four years (saving them time and
           | money), but any challenging quantitative material would be
           | good for their development.
           | 
           | The big picture goal is to show them there is this big world
           | of problems that can be approached with specialized knowledge
           | and get them familiar with what it takes to gain that
           | knowledge.
        
             | troupe wrote:
             | > any challenging quantitative material would be good for
             | their development.
             | 
             | I think this is key. What exactly they study may not be
             | quite as important as whether or not they are actually
             | getting an opportunity to do some form of challenging
             | mathematics.
        
           | fn-mote wrote:
           | The quality of mathematical arguments presented in AP
           | Calculus are significantly higher than other "standard" high
           | school courses. So to the extent that it is a nationwide
           | program that promotes some careful learning, it is a big
           | plus.
           | 
           | I think statistical literacy is also important, but more than
           | anything I think students benefit from learning how to think
           | about hard(er) problems. If they learn that in statistics,
           | great.
           | 
           | Generally I would say easy courses is the real problem, not
           | content.
           | 
           | However, many many students enter college engineering
           | programs with 1-2 semesters of calculus, so not having it
           | could be a competitive disadvantage - presumably to your
           | understanding of those first year classes.
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | I would've done better in college - and probably have a
           | better understanding of calculus today - if I hadn't tested
           | out of University-level Calc I due to AP credit. I didn't
           | _really_ know what I was doing in the high-school course.
           | 
           | But I was a slacker and that experience doesn't necessarily
           | transfer.
           | 
           | And yes, I'd generally favor stats over calculus as an
           | additional HS class; however, I am hesitant about
           | _discouraging_ the opportunity to take either.
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | I'll bite. Why is calculus a goal?
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | Because, without it you will be at a great disadvantage in
           | entering any STEM undergraduate program in the US.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | I'll agree that any stem targeted students should get
             | exposure. Not clear that it helps most students.
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | Maybe for most of them, however i found calculus totally
             | useless for my CS degree (the only time i recall it
             | mentioned was defining big-oh notation). Otoh i liked
             | calculus so still time well spent.
             | 
             | Of course, that's not counting "mathamatical maturity"
             | which is super important or if you're doing some specific
             | thing that needs calculus (hello machine learning.)
        
               | pishpash wrote:
               | It's pretty simple:
               | 
               | - calculus if you want to do engineering
               | 
               | - discrete mathematics if you want to do CS
               | 
               | You can teach these in university, it's not a problem.
               | Calculus doesn't need to be taught in high school to
               | everyone but it should be available and it should be the
               | goal state in terms of curriculum pace for everyone so
               | that you should have no problem taking it by the time you
               | are 17 or 18 (which is what we're talking about).
               | 
               | Anything else propagates back to a regressive dumbing
               | down in an earlier year, from an already dumbed down
               | curriculum by international standards.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | > - calculus if you want to do engineering
               | 
               | > - discrete mathematics if you want to do CS
               | 
               | I'd guess the vast majority of software development jobs
               | are like "gluing one API layer to another" and "writing
               | simple-to-complex CRUD apps". Neither calculus or
               | discrete mathematics really helps if your goal is to
               | simply make a computer read data from database X and
               | display it in webform Y.
               | 
               | I found all of the math required by my undergrad degree
               | to be totally useless in real life programming. Whether
               | you need _any_ math at all will highly depend on the
               | application domain you get in to. The most complex math I
               | needed as a code monkey was vector arithmetic (3D
               | graphics) and trigonometry (ocean and aero mapping
               | navigation).
        
               | VirusNewbie wrote:
               | The majority of MDs are reading charts or diagnosing the
               | flu or allergies or stitching up a wound, why should they
               | understand biochemistry?
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | This begs the question that they do. Probably safe to
               | assume that most don't.
               | 
               | Just like it is safe to assume that most programmers
               | aren't good at calculus. Or discrete math. Or proofs.
        
               | ceeplusplus wrote:
               | I found it incredibly useful for learning all sorts of
               | probability theory despite hating calculus. And I really
               | think to be a well rounded CS graduate you need some
               | background in stats/ML nowadays. So many of our systems
               | have some element of ML-based recommendation and it's
               | important that a new grad can meaningfully engage with
               | those systems in research and in industry.
        
         | TimPC wrote:
         | The intention was to dumb down mathematics. If you lower the
         | bar sufficiently you can get everyone over it. Then we'll all
         | be equal, which is the goal of this curriculum.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | The vision is equality. One way to achieve equality is to get
         | better at doing something and improve the outcomes of what you
         | are doing.
         | 
         | Another way is to lower the standard to make the outcome easier
         | to attain. It's gross and racist.
        
         | H8crilA wrote:
         | What does "calculus" here mean? I'm not American, no idea
         | what's included in that word and what's outside, in this
         | context. Does it mean limits, derivatives, integration
         | (Newton), maybe even some high level talk about ODEs for the
         | "very best" schools? Anything more, anything less?
         | 
         | Also, in case anyone is also wondering, 8th grade means 13-14
         | years old.
        
           | pishpash wrote:
           | Calculus without analysis, so the mechanical rules and
           | recipes of real analysis of well behaved scalar functions
           | that an engineering course might use (and that were used by
           | the developers of Newtonian mechanics in the pre-modern era),
           | limits on intervals, Riemann integration, etc.
        
           | SOTGO wrote:
           | Limits, derivatives, and integrals mostly, plus many
           | applications. There is also a heavy emphasis on computation
           | and very little emphasis on proof.
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | Yes, they talk about the normal things average high school
           | students learn about derivatives and integrals all over the
           | world.
        
           | zdragnar wrote:
           | At my US school around the year 2000, precalc was one option
           | for seniors, which primarily focused on limits and
           | derivatives. The more advanced pace AP calc course also went
           | into integrals. Beyond that I don't really recall, but by
           | that point you also had gone through courses focusing on
           | basic geometry, basic algebra (using variables, factoring),
           | and a course dedicated to trigonometry (mostly memorizing the
           | rules around figuring out angles).
           | 
           | There were some other courses that had math involvement, but
           | were more business oriented (finance / accounting type stuff)
           | and I don't recall if they counted towards core math credit
           | requirements.
        
           | cowboysauce wrote:
           | It varies throughout the country. But for me it was:
           | 
           | * Calculus I: limits, derivatives, integrals
           | 
           | * Calculus II: More integration techniques (substitution, by
           | parts, table), infinite series and convergence, basic
           | numerical methods
           | 
           | * Calculus III: multi-variable calculus (partial derivatives,
           | multiple integrals), vector calculus (gradient, divergence,
           | curl, surface and line integrals)
           | 
           | ODEs were a class you could take after Calc II.
        
             | commandlinefan wrote:
             | Wait, is this high school or college? That looks like 3
             | different courses you're listing there - I've never heard
             | of a high school offering more than a single year of
             | calculus.
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | Some schools which allow students to take calculus 1 and
               | 2 before senior year also offer multivariate calculus
               | (3), differential equations, and linear algebra courses
               | to round out the fourth year of math. This is especially
               | prevalent when students can take geometry in 8th grade
               | which leads to Algebra II, Pre-Cal, Calculus, Advanced
               | Math Electives as the four year progression.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | My public high school in TX had that track.
               | 
               | Is this uncommon in California schools?
               | 
               | (I think the idea that it's in any means required to be
               | able to do STEM in college is ludicrous, but having the
               | option is great.)
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > limits, derivatives, integration (Newton), maybe even some
           | high level talk about ODEs
           | 
           | My son is taking high school BC Calculus (one step above "AP"
           | calculus) this year. It includes limits, derivatives,
           | integration (including integration by parts and partial
           | fraction decomposition), ordinary differential equations,
           | infinite series and taylor/mcluarin series.
        
         | namelessoracle wrote:
         | Goodharts law is in effect. They have a target they are trying
         | to hit and are aiming a different way towards it.
         | 
         | They are optimizing towards "High School Graduates" and
         | "College Graduates". And if they need to destroy the value of
         | being any kind of graduate to get there. So be it.
        
         | cloutchaser wrote:
         | My guess is the intention is to be able to say that the
         | framework benefits disadvantaged people. But like almost any
         | policy like this all it does at best is pull down people at the
         | top, at worst pulls down everyone making the situation worse
         | for everyone.
         | 
         | You can have separation of education by ability, and progress,
         | or you can have equality, and everyone being pulled down to the
         | same low level. And suffering for everyone. You can't have
         | both. Take it from someone who has direct experience with
         | communism, which is the same mentality that drives this.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > You can have separation of education by ability, and
           | progress, or you can have equality, and everyone being pulled
           | down to the same low level.
           | 
           | This seems a little off. What we're talking about (and what
           | it seems like you're defending) is directing _more_ resources
           | towards the most gifted. It 's fine to believe that, but it's
           | an argument to give the most to those who have the most.
           | Nobody is pulling anyone down, and communists are as happy to
           | grant power and resources to those with aptitude and
           | connections as capitalists are.
           | 
           | edit: with the constant attacks on teachers, it might be more
           | realistic to stop aiming for calculus in high school. Any kid
           | who manages it within a gutted public system would have
           | gotten there anyway, no matter what situation they found
           | themselves in. They can download calculus books and calculus
           | lectures now; with the internet a feral education is within
           | everyone's reach.
        
             | ralph84 wrote:
             | How is it directing more resources to allow students to
             | take courses at their level? It's not like you have to pay
             | high school math teachers a higher salary to teach
             | calculus. Your typical public high school in California has
             | 1,000+ students. With that many students it's not going to
             | be hard to find 20-30 students to register for a calculus
             | class. It's not like you're running a special private class
             | just for a few gifted students.
        
             | hellisothers wrote:
             | As the parent of a child who is gifted at math this is
             | wrong on so many levels, I'll just state one. My kid only
             | has so much time he can genuinely focus on "school work" in
             | a day, why should he be forced to spend "school" time on
             | things wildly beneath his level and then come home and
             | spend his own time on additional "school" type work?
        
         | spywaregorilla wrote:
         | I don't think calculus should be a goal to be honest. Or at
         | least not as taught. Calculus could be greatly condensed to a
         | shorter theoretical view. The ideas of understanding
         | differentiation and integration are great. Memorizing the rules
         | of doing it is pretty painful and likely won't stick. But
         | that's the bulk of classroom time, homework, and testing.
        
         | FFRefresh wrote:
         | I don't doubt that the people crafting these proposals care. I
         | think they truly believe they are doing the right thing. I
         | personally think it's just increasingly popular, mistaken moral
         | beliefs that inform these types of proposals. Some of the
         | underlying beliefs:
         | 
         | 1. Blank slate - All humans are of equal ability
         | 
         | 2. Any observable differences between humans are merely the
         | result of social factors
         | 
         | 3. Any observable differences in outcomes between groups of
         | humans are the result of oppression from the majority group
         | 
         | 4. If you observe differences at your org/institution, it's
         | your moral duty to create policies which disfavor groups of
         | humans performing better and to favor groups of humans
         | performing worse, as those performance differences are due to
         | oppression.
         | 
         | If these beliefs undergird your worldview, and your social
         | groups/information environment reinforce and reward these
         | beliefs, it is of no surprise that we'll see a lot of people
         | soberly propose the types of policies we see here. I can
         | empathize that they really do think they are fighting the good
         | fight, and are doing the right thing for society.
        
           | temp8964 wrote:
           | I don't think it has to be related to any point you put in
           | here. I think when STEM people comment on math education,
           | they easily forget K-12 math education is for all students,
           | not future college STEM students.
           | 
           | Lots of controversies in math education between STEM
           | professors (especially mathematicians) and K-12 math
           | educators/researchers are rooted in this. In the community of
           | math and science education, we educators/researchers always
           | focus on average students who will grow into future citizens,
           | not STEM workers. This is really a different mindset to STEM
           | professors.
        
             | zmgsabst wrote:
             | That logic isn't used in any other discipline:
             | 
             | "We only cover bad art -- we don't focus on students who go
             | on to be professional artists."
             | 
             | "We only focus on bad English -- we don't focus on students
             | who go on to be professional writers."
             | 
             | "We only focus on bad history - we don't focus on students
             | who go on to study history or social science."
             | 
             | Each of those has an AP and IB track, competitions to find
             | elites, etc -- just as mathematics should for high
             | performers.
             | 
             | If as an educator, you only teach to the lowest common
             | denominator, then you're failing the children you're
             | supposed to educate.
             | 
             | To me, your post reads as if you're bragging about failing
             | at your job.
        
               | temp8964 wrote:
               | Students do learn art in K-12, but they could be
               | considered as "bad art" by professional artists...
        
               | zmgsabst wrote:
               | No -- you should fact check that.
               | 
               | Middle and high schools start auditioning and training
               | students into "advanced" art, preparing them to go onto
               | competitions and onto serious careers in programs
               | differentiated from the casual art classes.
               | 
               | Learning calculus won't be enough as a professional in
               | STEM either -- but AP Calculus is the equivalent of
               | audition-only advanced art classes. (Which exist all
               | over.)
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | Do most public schools really have the capacity to train
               | students for serious art careers? At least in dance and
               | music, at the highest levels everything is purely student
               | driven (school dance and music is typically not super
               | competitive for the serious artist) and presumably visual
               | art is as well. Unless you go to an arts high school, but
               | there aren't that many of those
        
               | zmgsabst wrote:
               | I went to two high schools, one very poor and one
               | moderately wealthy.
               | 
               | Both had audition programs in art for "advanced" classes
               | (both music and drawing), where students were matched
               | with more serious training and where their bands went to
               | competitions and drawings were entered in regional shows.
               | 
               | I think you're confusing "good, on track for
               | professional" with "absolute top tier" -- many students
               | from regular schools go on to, eg, be animators at a
               | studio or choir directors.
               | 
               | The same split exists in math:
               | 
               | - advanced classes you have to place into exist at most
               | schools, eg AP calculus
               | 
               | - but to be the "absolute top tier", you're talking about
               | STEM schools and private mentoring programs
               | 
               | You need the first for engineers, scientists, etc -- even
               | if they're not going to be Terry Tao.
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | So then let's have a few separate paths instead of only one
             | curriculum. I believe that there is a lot of value to a
             | basic algebra + personal finance + probability math track
             | that helps a future plumber understand everything they need
             | for their career.
             | 
             | Depriving college-bound students of calculus, though, is a
             | bad move. A lot of philosophy also involves calculus-
             | related arguments (ie if we cut up space in really small
             | pieces, what do we get?), so it has applications outside
             | the STEM fields.
        
             | ceeplusplus wrote:
             | That's fine, but it's the reason we have tracks. Future
             | STEM workers can go into the advanced track and everyone
             | else can go into their own track.
             | 
             | Germany separates people into vocational school and
             | something closer to what we'd consider high school in the
             | US by 9-10th grade. If you embrace the idea that some
             | people are simply less suited for intensive math - whether
             | it be because of work ethic, inherited IQ, lack of
             | interest, etc. - and give them a path towards jobs that
             | better fit their skillset, I think you'd see a lot less
             | people drowning in college debt because they got a degree
             | in sociology when they got weeded out of Calculus 101.
        
               | temp8964 wrote:
               | Totally agree. That's why there is a CTE (career and
               | technical education) movement in the US now. Perkins V is
               | the strong push in this regard.
               | https://cte.ed.gov/legislation/perkins-v
        
           | bjt2n3904 wrote:
           | It feels so good seeing this utterly ridiculously ideology so
           | thoroughly debunked, and rightfully attributed for the
           | destructive attacks on education.
           | 
           | I've run into it so often by a vocal minority who slander
           | anyone who objects. Fortunately, the popularity is waning.
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | It's hard for me to square your claim that there's a dominant
           | belief that all humans are blank slates of equal ability with
           | the sheer volume of messaging I see in both government-
           | sponsored and private media about embracing differences,
           | follow your own goals, find your talent, etc.
           | 
           | I see a lot more stuff that would lead a kid to believe "it's
           | ok that I'm not good in math" rather than "I could be good in
           | math if I wanted to be."
           | 
           | Frankly, I think this is actually worse educationally than
           | what you suggest.
           | 
           | We need to find more ways to reward effort instead of pre-
           | existing ability (regardless of how that pre-existing ability
           | is gained... the kid whose parents got him ahead of the curve
           | through high school math and then bombs out after taking
           | university-level Calculus is similarly harmed by the current
           | system as the one who's shunted away from ever being
           | challenged).
        
           | hintymad wrote:
           | I don't understand how these people could consistently ignore
           | facts. Case in point, I could earn way more than Scott
           | Aaronson or had way more social privilege than him, but you'd
           | think I'm crazy if I claim that I can be as good at maths or
           | quantum computing as Aaronson.
        
             | aaplok wrote:
             | That kind of arguments goes in favour of the CMS. If you
             | assume that only a handful of geniuses can do maths then as
             | a society it makes little sense to allocate resources
             | toward something completely inaccessible to the masses.
             | Designing the education system for Scott Aaronson to the
             | detriment of everybody else would be a mistake socially and
             | economically. _That_ is how these people think, not some
             | nonsense blank slate theory.
             | 
             | In reality it's not quantum computing that we're talking
             | about, it's high school calculus and algebra. You don't
             | have to be a hardcore blank slate proponent to believe that
             | most people _can_ learn it. And that is what these people
             | don 't believe.
             | 
             | It's important to consider the goals of this committee.
             | They propose this reform _because_ they oppose the blank
             | slate theory. The current structure really isn 't
             | appropriate to most people. Because it relies on a wrong
             | form of the blank slate theory. They offer the wrong
             | solution in my opinion, because they end up going too far
             | the other way.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | They're working with a bizarro Blank Slate theory
               | according to which every student should simply be
               | learning their math by themselves, and if they fail it's
               | their own darn fault, or perhaps society's fault, or
               | anyone else's fault, but certainly not the _teacher_ 's
               | fault. Because the teachers all have Education degrees,
               | and that's what they were told in Ed School. So don't
               | anyone dare "demean" their job by suggesting that they
               | have actual _work_ to do in properly educating their
               | students.
        
             | mirceal wrote:
             | it's not about being better than him. it's about the
             | theoretical possibility of being better + the virtue
             | signaling that comes with the theoretical possibility
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | Do you disagree with the following re-formulations:
           | 
           |  _Some_ observable differences are due to social factors.
           | 
           |  _Some_ observable differences by certain groups are the
           | result of past actions by other groups.
           | 
           | You _should_ favor policies to correct for the result of past
           | harms.
           | 
           | One cannot reasonably claim that no groups in the US are
           | still disadvantaged today due to actions taken on a
           | centuries-long timescale. It seems willfully unfair to stick
           | your fingers in your ears and just say "I'm not actively
           | discriminatory, so there's no need to try to mitigate things,
           | everything is peachy."
        
           | paulcole wrote:
           | > Blank slate - All humans are of equal ability
           | 
           | This is generally true.
           | 
           | People can find extreme examples that "disprove" this but
           | they're generally wrong. Most things people do aren't that
           | hard and people have the ability to learn to do them -- they
           | either choose a different path, have fewer choices, or just
           | don't care.
           | 
           | And yes, before you ask, this includes computer programming.
        
             | mikebenfield wrote:
             | This is so obviously false that I'm always amazed there are
             | people who actually believe this.
             | 
             | In _every_ activity I've ever participated in where I can
             | observe many people's performance and progression -
             | including powerlifting, bodybuilding, various ball sports,
             | mathematics, chess, theoretical CS, software engineering,
             | etc - it is transparently obvious that people's natural
             | abilities vary dramatically.
             | 
             | Although it's not the most common scenario (training and
             | experience do matter), I have seen many situations where
             | someone with, say, 6 months' haphazard and lazy experience
             | will absolutely _crush_ the performance of someone with 3
             | years of serious and dedicated training.
             | 
             | Talent is real.
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | Thank you. I am quite stupid.
               | 
               | Talent is real, but generally speaking, ascribing failure
               | or lack of progress to lack of talent is a mistake.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | I'm not sure what "generally" means here. In professional
               | sports, my failure of not getting into any major league
               | will be due to your lack of talent. In higher-level math,
               | my failure of passing any exam will be due to your lack
               | of talent. In chemistry, my failure of not being able to
               | consistently reach precision of under 0.1% is due to my
               | lack of talent (and trust me, I really tried and followed
               | all kinds of instructions in greatest detail, or so I
               | thought). In mechanical engineering, my failure of not
               | bing able to piece out a 3D model from a 2D schematics is
               | due to my lack of talent. In medicine, my failure of not
               | be able to memorize thousands of latin terms for all the
               | bones and organs is due to my lack of talent. In
               | biochemistry, my failure of not being able to internalize
               | the energy cycle in human body is due to my lack of
               | talent. But on the other hand, you didn't even use a
               | computer until switching your major to CS when you were
               | 20 yet you became the best student in every single class
               | in a prestigious university. That's your talent. You
               | studied world history until you were 30 years old, yet
               | you switched to physics and somehow got Fields medal,
               | that's your talent.
               | 
               | Not all failures are due to lack of talent, for sure. A
               | blank statement like " ascribing failure or lack of
               | progress to lack of talent is a mistake " in the context
               | of our discussion is nonetheless a mistake as well.
        
             | ravi-delia wrote:
             | > Most things people do aren't that hard and people have
             | the ability to learn to do them
             | 
             | Have you considered that maybe you're just unusually
             | talented? I know most things people do are very hard for
             | me, and the few things I do are very easy. Learning history
             | is an uphill slog even though I love it, but math doesn't
             | warrant effort. For a while I just figured people that
             | failed math were lazy and people that passed history were
             | geniuses, but it turns out people have different amounts of
             | natural talent. It's not the start, it's the slope
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | As narcissistic as I am, I don't think I'm "talented."
               | I'm just like everybody else -- can get pretty decent at
               | a lot of things. But also just like everybody else I like
               | to pretend I'm talented at the things I put work into.
               | And I like to pretend that people who are good at things
               | I haven't put work into are talented in a way that I'm
               | not.
        
               | orangecat wrote:
               | _As narcissistic as I am, I don't think I'm "talented."_
               | 
               | Huh. To me it seems more narcissistic for someone to say
               | that they have no special talent and that their success
               | is entirely due to their superior work ethic and years of
               | study and sacrifice.
               | 
               |  _I'm just like everybody else -- can get pretty decent
               | at a lot of things._
               | 
               | That's a very different claim than "innate talent doesn't
               | exist".
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | > That's a very different claim than "innate talent
               | doesn't exist".
               | 
               | Yes! This is why I never said innate talent doesn't
               | exist.
        
               | ravi-delia wrote:
               | I mean, by hours at this point I've definitely put more
               | time in to math than any other subject, but it was easy
               | from the start! Maybe I'm enough of a fuckup that it
               | intensifies differences in ability which would otherwise
               | be too small to notice - like math took close to 0 effort
               | to do and want to do, so anything else is unbearable.
               | Doesn't square with just how much effort I put into
               | history though.
        
             | mirceal wrote:
             | yes and no. the old nature vs nurture + not all people are
             | genetically gifted and a small generic advantage can mean a
             | huge difference in capabilities.
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | >Most things people do aren't that hard and people have the
             | ability to learn to do them
             | 
             | That's true, but it's the small minority of tasks that
             | require real intelligence that often matter the most. A
             | regular person can probably be trained to 95% the skill of
             | an anesthesiologist just by following instructions, but
             | then they would kill the patient during edge cases.
             | 
             | The same thing applies to programming too. I had an
             | internship at a regular company, and now work at a FAANG.
             | The developers at the regular company are likely better at
             | programming than me, especially when it came to regular
             | tasks, but some of their technical decisions just didn't
             | seem to make any sense.
        
               | paulcole wrote:
               | > A regular person can probably be trained to 95% the
               | skill of an anesthesiologist just by following
               | instructions, but then they would kill the patient during
               | edge cases.
               | 
               | You're making the mistake of assuming anesthesiologists
               | are something other than regular people with training.
        
             | hintymad wrote:
             | I don't know. Have you observed multiple kids in the same
             | family? Same parents. Same "privilege". Same pressure. Same
             | education down to the same teachers, tutors, books, and
             | parent temperament. And you know what, some of the kids
             | simply beat their siblings who can be years older, in STEM
             | or writing or reading or leadership without even trying.
             | Have you observed your classmates? Some are driven,
             | ambitious, self-disciplined, had access to all the
             | education they needed, and got perfect grades before grade
             | 8 or whatever. Then just one day, he simply couldn't
             | understand maths or physics or chemistry or computer
             | science, and they simply got left behind and couldn't even
             | study STEM in college because they couldn't pass the
             | placement test. In the meantime, their classmates, less
             | privileged, didn't really understand everything taught in
             | elementary school, didn't have nor need tutoring or even
             | challenging text books, simply became the best students at
             | anything STEM in high school and in college, and again,
             | without much trying.
             | 
             | Or, do you really think every 2-year old kid can teach
             | their neighbor kids maths and then explained what groups
             | are when he was 7-year old like Terence Tao did? I tried my
             | own kids. Needless to say, I failed, miserably.
        
               | deathanatos wrote:
               | Me & my sister grew up, like you say, in the same family,
               | same parents, same pressure. We largely went to the same
               | schools, even. She probably acceled further,
               | academically, than I did. (She probably went to the more
               | prestigious college, her GPA/SAT/etc. were better, she
               | earned a doctorate, while I got a BS...)
               | 
               | Without pointing to a vague notion of "we're different
               | people", I think there's a few key things that _were_
               | different, despite everything that was the same:
               | 
               | * She's the second child, I'm the first: there were some
               | things in my education that my mother literally said "we
               | are fixing that for her". (And I should note that I don't
               | resent this: my mother was clearly doing the best she
               | could with the information she had -- and because she
               | loved us. But she had more information during Round 2.)
               | 
               | * Education is a finite resource: in my home state,
               | whether I got into a decent school (i.e., a magnet
               | school) was dependent on the literal roll of a dice.
               | (Literally literally. I.e., list of names goes in, gets
               | shuffled, top _n_ go to good school  & gets educated,
               | bottom _m_ talent gets wasted.) In the worst case I was
               | 5th? 6th? from the bottom of a several hundred person
               | long wait list. She got in. She got a year in the magnet
               | system that I didn 't (I got entry a little over a year
               | later). That missing year was an _enormous_ detriment to
               | my education and growth; it was such a clear detriment my
               | parents were contemplating whether they could afford a
               | Catholic private school (we 're not Catholic) or simple
               | home-schooling. Had they had the gift of clairvoyance, I
               | think they _would have_ the moment I was denied.
               | 
               | * Almost certainly the gift of a computer got me
               | interested in CS. She didn't get one, and her interests
               | are different. (She's still STEM, likely due to our
               | parents.)
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | To digress a bit: good education will be a finite
               | resource as we have finite number of good educators and
               | good schools. I don't think it's possible for everyone to
               | access good education, especially given that we have
               | different definition for "good education". Saying
               | everyone should go to MIT (or any scarce education
               | resource) is like saying living in beach property is
               | human right. Maybe so, but it'll be a different topic.
        
               | troupe wrote:
               | Books are a finite resource, but not really limited for
               | any practical purposes at least in the US. Used books are
               | inexpensive, libraries are readily available, most things
               | out of copyright are available online, etc.
               | 
               | Education is following as similar course. Things like
               | MITs open courseware, edX, etc. are making it
               | increasingly easy to get the educational content from top
               | teachers regardless of how limited these teachers are.
               | 
               | (Having access to an education is not the same as
               | actually getting a degree, and getting a degree isn't
               | always the same as getting an education.)
               | 
               | But there has probably never been a time in history where
               | more people had free or inexpensive access to the top
               | educational content in the world.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | Education content is definitely ample now, including text
               | books and references. we even have great communities to
               | get answers to our questions. Unfortunately the
               | bottleneck of education just switched to access to good
               | teachers. A good teacher inspires students, identifies
               | exactly why each student has difficulty understanding
               | something, explains intuitions behind the most difficult
               | concepts, designs highly tailored homework, leads
               | engaging seminars, and keeps students in their discomfort
               | zone. As in STEM field in general, lab staff, equipments,
               | chemical agents, lab materials are generally scarce
               | resources too.
        
               | troupe wrote:
               | I understand what you are saying, but I would argue that
               | lack of access to teacher is less of a bottleneck than
               | drive, desire, and motivation. A motivated individual is
               | going to have no trouble finding what they need to learn
               | and places to ask questions for things they don't
               | understand.
               | 
               | I see where you are coming from on access to labs,
               | chemicals, and equipment. But someone who has fully
               | availed themselves of everything they can learn from
               | free/inexpensive online classes, books, forums, emailing
               | people, etc. is headed on a path where they have a high
               | probability of getting access to those types of things
               | once that is the only thing blocking their continued
               | education.
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | I don't disagree with you. I just think "drive, desire,
               | and motivation" is part of one's talent. The progressive
               | policies will not hurt the best students because they
               | students will find their resources anyway. It is the
               | middle, the vast majority like me, who would get hurt.
               | They would think that they got good education, and then
               | realize that their understanding of maths is so shitty
               | that they can't even pass city college's dead simple
               | placement test. Oh, I didn't make this up, either. NYT
               | reported this miserable experience of a straight A
               | student, and I was shocked to read it.
        
             | causi wrote:
             | Problem being an extremely significant portion of that
             | blank slate is written before the child even enters school,
             | let alone makes it to middle and high school, and even
             | during those times it is impossible for a school to make up
             | for a horrible home life. We single out and spread stories
             | about people who raised themselves up because it's not the
             | norm. The vast majority of people whose parents don't talk
             | to them as infants, don't read to them as toddlers, don't
             | listen to them as children, and don't keep from hitting
             | them as teenagers _will_ radically underperform both as
             | students and as adults. Mucking about with the education of
             | students who _haven 't_ been sabotaged by their parents is
             | governmental thumb-twiddling.
        
           | innagadadavida wrote:
           | You are leaving out who is involved and what commercial
           | interest will be benefitted from these policies. It is likely
           | those commercial interests are the ones sponsoring and
           | pushing these by finding sympathetic folks.
           | 
           | The important thing to note here is- if you reduce the bar in
           | high schools, a lot more students will end up in college -
           | more money will spent, more loans will be written out etc.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | wonnage wrote:
           | 1. This is kind of a founding principle of the country, so...
           | 
           | 2. This follows from #1, if we rule out nature then it must
           | be nurture. Also, you must not be a parent if you'll accept
           | "some kids are just dumb" as an excuse
           | 
           | 3,4. Replace "oppression" with "competition". I think it
           | might sound better to you. But the conclusion is the same.
           | 
           | You want to prevent winners from accumulating an advantage,
           | eliminating all others (which sounds vaguely genocidal in
           | this context), then you have to handicap winners and support
           | the others. And the fact that the wealth distribution in
           | America is so uneven certainly suggests that the initial
           | premise is true (i.e, winning allows you to accumulate and
           | compound advantages with repeated victories).
        
             | sacrosancty wrote:
             | 1. So the country is founded on a lie or you misread that
             | founding principle.
             | 
             | Those compound advantages you're talking about are good
             | things that we want people to have because they help them
             | do more good for society. You seem to want to handicap them
             | in the name of fairness. Where does that thinking end when
             | you realize that the founding assumption (1. above) is
             | false? Disfiguring beautiful people to prevent them
             | accumulating the compounding advantages that come with
             | beauty? Brain damaging intelligent people?
        
               | hintymad wrote:
               | I thought the OP was being sarcastic.
        
             | abfan1127 wrote:
             | a founding principle is not everyone is of equal ability.
             | The founding principle equality of opportunity. The
             | government won't hold you back because you are a
             | (peasant|lower caste|other arbitrary decision). i.e.
             | Everyone gets to go to school, but not everyone learns the
             | same (qualitatively or quantitatively).
        
               | wonnage wrote:
               | Don't you think the government deciding you're not fit
               | for going to college would fall into this problem?
        
               | rhexs wrote:
               | The government wouldn't prevent you from going to
               | college, it just wouldn't voluntarily pay for you to go
               | if you didn't test well. You could pay your own way, seek
               | external scholarships, etc.
               | 
               | As of now we effectively underwrite anyone who wants to
               | go, often at the expense of the student racking up debt
               | for a useless degree and later the taxpayer who will
               | inevitably have to subsidize them.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | When I went to public school in a privileged
               | neighborhood, the "honors" track was opt-in for the
               | parents and students. I don't think you have to go
               | straight from "the government shouldn't decide whether
               | you are fit for college" (which I agree with) to "there
               | should only be one curriculum for everyone."
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | 'Equal opportunity' is not a 'founding principle'.
               | 
               | Just that they are 'equal' i.e. before God, or before the
               | Law.
               | 
               | That one man is not from some superior lineage, that
               | makes him a superior being.
               | 
               | I would be the founding fathers would have no problem if
               | one man decided to 'discriminate' among others for some
               | arbitrary reason - even if they were landholding men of
               | high status etc..
        
             | tonguez wrote:
             | " 1. Blank slate - All humans are of equal ability"
             | 
             | " 1. This is kind of a founding principle of the country,
             | so..."
             | 
             | yes those slave owning people really thought their slaves
             | were the same as them, totally dude
        
               | wonnage wrote:
               | Yeah I heard we tried to end the slavery part somewhere
               | along the way and have been somewhat successful, but we
               | definitely kept the first one.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | adamrezich wrote:
             | > 1. [All humans are of equal ability] is a founding
             | principle of the country, so...
             | 
             | curious to learn how you arrived at this conclusion?
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | _1. This is kind of a founding principle of the country,
             | so..._
             | 
             | Is it? Saying "all mean are created equal" has a lot of
             | interpretations, of which many valid ones do not include
             | "all men are born of equal ability in every regard." Given
             | that some people are born to grow up to be 5'4 and weigh
             | 100lbs and others are born to grow up to 6'7 and 320lbs, it
             | should be clear that not everyone is "equal" at least in
             | terms of their physical abilities. I'm pretty sure the
             | Founders were aware of this, making it highly unlikely that
             | their version of "created equal" meant "exactly equal in
             | all terms of ability."
        
               | wonnage wrote:
               | Hey, thanks for correcting me, I totally thought that
               | this line meant that the founders had somehow invented
               | cloning and made everyone physically identical
               | 
               | Regardless of interpretation, I'm pretty sure deciding
               | whether a kid is fit for the elite/intellectual track or
               | the physical labor track at the tender age of 10 based on
               | whether they can do some tests is not in the spirit of
               | "all men are created equal"
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | _Regardless of interpretation, I 'm pretty sure deciding
               | whether a kid is fit for the elite/intellectual track or
               | the physical labor track at the tender age of 10 based on
               | whether they can do some tests is not in the spirit of
               | "all men are created equal"_
               | 
               | And I would agree. But your earlier comment seemed to
               | imply a much more absolute stance. That's what I would
               | disagree with.
        
           | klodolph wrote:
           | I don't think that those beliefs are a workable explanation
           | here.
           | 
           | These proposals come from committees and groups of people,
           | and it's just not realistic to write off the entire group of
           | people behind these proposals as having some uniform set of
           | beliefs like that, especially when they give other rationales
           | for the proposals!
           | 
           | The current school system makes decisions in middle school
           | (8th grade and earlier) which determine whether or not each
           | particular student will be able to take calculus in high
           | school. This is, simply put, _insane._
           | 
           | Because it's obviously insane, when you introduce questions
           | of race and class into the mix, then it's easy to apply
           | pressure to the department of education to come up with a
           | proposal that changes things. And then you end up with bad
           | proposals... why? Because these proposals are produced by
           | poorly-shepherded committees full of government employees
           | under political pressure, and it's much easier to come up
           | with a bad proposal that responds to political pressure than
           | it is to come up with a good proposal.
           | 
           | There's just no need to try and explain that this proposal is
           | bad _because the people who made it have bad beliefs._ I 'd
           | characterize this as fundamental attribution error here...
           | "the committees made a bad proposal because of wrong beliefs"
           | versus "the committees made bad proposals because it's easier
           | to respond to political pressure than to write a good
           | proposal".
        
             | ravi-delia wrote:
             | I feel like in this case fundamental attribution error
             | would go the other way, no? The explanation you offer is
             | that there aren't circumstantial factors dominating the
             | decision (the beliefs on this particular issue), but a
             | fundamental flaw in how committees work. To be clear, I
             | agree that this is an inevitable result of the decision-
             | making structure, I've just only ever seen fundamental
             | attribution error referring to mistakes in the other
             | direction.
        
               | klodolph wrote:
               | That's an interesting way of looking at it.
               | 
               | I would never describe someone's beliefs as
               | "circumstantial", and I would also never think of being
               | on a committee as something "intrinsic".
        
               | ravi-delia wrote:
               | Ah, now I get it! I was thinking of the _committee_ as
               | the entity, not the people on it. Then the question is
               | "why did the committee make a bad call?" where "the topic
               | in question coincidentally misaligned with the views of
               | the members" is the specific cause and "committees always
               | make bad calls" is the general cause. But looking at it
               | from the perspective of the people makes it clear what
               | you were going for
        
             | smugma wrote:
             | While I agree that the proposals are bad, I don't blame
             | "committees full of government employees". One of the lead
             | proponents/authors is distinguished Stanford Professor Jo
             | Boaler. It's interesting that a lot of the arguments made
             | in favor of the changes are done in the name of equity, but
             | Boaler herself has been put on the wrong side of racial
             | equity, threatening to call the cops on a Black Berkeley CS
             | professor. This article [0] is gossipy, but it's both
             | interesting and relevant how "Nice White People" can hurt
             | the minority groups they are supposedly trying to help.
             | Hurt by taking away opportunities to take calculus, and
             | hurt by threatening legal action against one of the few
             | minority CS professors at a leading research institution.
             | 
             | [0]: https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Stanford-
             | professor-Ka...
        
               | fn-mote wrote:
               | > One of the lead proponents/authors is distinguished
               | Stanford Professor Jo Boaler..
               | 
               | I have an issue with the parent's gossipy put-down of
               | Professor Boaler.
               | 
               | I think it's important to emphasize that genuine
               | intellectuals who have put serious thought into this
               | proposal support it. I would prefer more serious
               | engagement with it, even if on HN the majority disagree.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > The current school system makes decisions in middle
             | school (8th grade and earlier) which determine whether or
             | not each particular student will be able to take calculus
             | in high school. This is, simply put, insane.
             | 
             | It's not clear that this is the case. The "current
             | approach" is to offer Algebra I in middle school, which
             | ought to leave plenty of time for students who want to
             | shape up in math and be prepared for HS calculus to do so.
             | Push advanced math later in the curriculum, and you just
             | expose the students to even higher-stakes dilemmas.
             | Lowering standards is no solution, since you'll just end up
             | with lower education quality for all students, that will
             | make it even harder for them to catch up to reasonable
             | levels. This is the broad background of OP's letter.
        
             | 7speter wrote:
             | I don't necessarily agree with the proposal in california,
             | but do all students need to take calculus in high school?
             | What about solid coverage of algebra 2 and pre calc before
             | higher education. Community college is a great place to
             | take a calc class (or even a pre calc class) affordably.
             | Source: took pre calc, calc and stat in community college
             | after being signalled to that I was terrible at math
             | throughout high school.
        
               | andrewprock wrote:
               | No one is suggesting that all students take calculus in
               | high school.
               | 
               | What is being recommend is that no one take calculus in
               | high school.
               | 
               | Both of these ideas are bad, but only one of them informs
               | the California Math Framework.
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | > No one is suggesting that all students take calculus in
               | high school.
               | 
               | It's very commonly taught in 10th grade in France,
               | Germany, Singapore and Taiwan (where I used to teach).
               | It's not universal by any means but as far as I can tell,
               | the idea that calculus should be delayed until university
               | is a nearly uniquely American idea.
               | 
               | https://www.mathvalues.org/masterblog/calculus-around-
               | the-wo...
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | "Very commonly" in STEM-focused prep schools (i.e. the
               | "academic" part of the tracked education system that's
               | common outside the US). Which leaves you with very
               | roughly the same percentages as the U.S. approach where
               | Calculus is an elective course.
        
             | ryukoposting wrote:
             | I like your argument. It's basically Hanlon's razor.
        
             | CivBase wrote:
             | > These proposals come from committees and groups of
             | people, and it's just not realistic to write off the entire
             | group of people behind these proposals as having some
             | uniform set of beliefs like that, especially when they give
             | other rationales for the proposals!
             | 
             | You don't have to write off entire groups of people - just
             | the few at the top. They got there by sucking up to those
             | who were already at the top. Everyone else just has to keep
             | quiet if they want to keep their job. Worse, they're
             | expected to express visible support for their "superiors"
             | and their ideas if they want to keep their jobs.
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | There are no two people in the world with the same beliefs
             | - nobody is suggesting that.
             | 
             | There is however a very broad movement of people who
             | believe that unequal outcomes are a manifestation of racism
             | and so they act accordingly in their roles in government
             | etc..
             | 
             | Many of these people are in the civil service and so this
             | will influence their view.
             | 
             | It would be 'insane' to ignore this movement, it's one of
             | the most powerful social forces in the US right now.
        
               | klodolph wrote:
               | You're saying it's one of the "most powerful social
               | forces in the US right now"... is there any particular
               | reasoning here? To be honest, it sounds like an extremist
               | take on the nature vs nurture argument which has been
               | playing out for millennia and I don't see a reason to
               | believe that somehow the extreme version nurture side of
               | the argument has become dominant here. If anything, it's
               | easy to remember the pendulum swinging back and forth in
               | the past decades, and the pendulum doesn't seem to swing
               | that far in either direction.
               | 
               | > Many of these people are in the civil service and so
               | this will influence their view.
               | 
               | It influences the political pressures placed on people in
               | the civil service more than anything else. People in the
               | civil service are in the civil service for a long time,
               | typically. Often they are in the civil service for
               | decades. On the other hand, elected officials and
               | political appointees rotate in and out much more quickly.
               | 
               | I know people in the civil service, they have a much more
               | long-term and level-headed view of things, and my
               | impression is that they "weather the storm" of changing
               | political pressures. At least, the ones who survive in
               | the job do. Political appointees and elected officials
               | are much more mercurial. Appointees know that their
               | position is (somewhat) an extension of their own
               | political power to begin with.
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | Yes, it's been going on for a while.
               | 
               | Christians are fond if it: "You have an innate, direct
               | relationship with God, in his eyes you are equal to the
               | The King" etc..
               | 
               | But we've only had 'governance' in the broad sense for
               | 100 years.
               | 
               | And we've never really tried to apply such principles
               | into education until the 1960s.
               | 
               | Now we have actually made incredible progress on social
               | issues, we have our 'wars' in Social Media with Holy Anti
               | Racism Fanatics trying to do their best - because 'racism
               | is bad' - which of course it is - and 'systematic racism
               | exists' - which of course it does - but the 'kernel of
               | truth' of these issues drives people into ideological
               | fervour as though it's some giant overwhelming issue,
               | when really it's not. Racism is still pernicious, but
               | it's not fundamental.
               | 
               | And FYI don't think it's all rubbish.
               | 
               | For example - 'Math' is heavily based on prerequisites.
               | If you 'fall back' in Grade 4, you may never be able to
               | 'catch up'. While that's true in general, it's not as
               | acute as in math.
               | 
               | Poor kids might be far more likely to 'fall of the
               | bandwagon' and a lot of poverty might be due to
               | systematic racism, and so the 'Hard Requirements' for
               | certain things may not be ideal.
               | 
               | You could have 'summer school' or 'after school' or
               | 'accelerated catch up' programs.
               | 
               | Those would be 'reasonable' solutions in my view - and
               | FYI these are mostly issues of poverty, not race, they
               | are couched as racial issues because that's what fires
               | people up.
               | 
               | Edit: and yes, I agree 'most people in the civil service'
               | are level-headed. Most people actually are. But some
               | groups have outsized voices, amplified by 'allies'
               | elsewhere.
               | 
               | The 'Anti Racism Agenda' is a 'fundamental pillar', like
               | a religion, of 25% of the US population, and they are
               | pretty active about it. And the actions of the most
               | extreme 5% end up really upsetting other people. Much
               | like a very powerful fool using made up constitutional
               | manoeuvres to try to take over the government would upset
               | a lot of people as well.
               | 
               | Good intentions, surely, but that doesn't make them
               | right.
        
               | tonguez wrote:
               | "I don't see a reason to believe that somehow the extreme
               | version nurture side of the argument has become dominant
               | here"
               | 
               | watch "the news" or go on twitter
        
               | klodolph wrote:
               | Twitter's algorithm promotes whatever tweet will make
               | people angry, because angry people spend more time on
               | Twitter. I'm on Twitter, but I've been on Twitter for a
               | while now, I've selected who I follow, and my feed just
               | doesn't get that kind of noise in it at any significant
               | level. Most of what I see on Twitter is people arguing
               | about Elden Ring or showing off how they can access
               | YouTube from a Mac SE or something.
               | 
               | "The news" is dominated by organizations which are trying
               | to maximize their social media engagement metrics so they
               | can get more money from advertisers, so they're subject
               | to the same forces that drive Twitter.
               | 
               | Neither of these sources reliably give you a picture of
               | national affairs. Right now the best I can do is get a
               | picture of local affairs by talking with people that I
               | happen to encounter because I live near them.
        
               | drewwwwww wrote:
        
               | jollybean wrote:
               | Well Mr/Ms Drewwwww - you have very graciously made point
               | for me.
               | 
               | Since I have no such 'scientific racism' views and claims
               | of 'proto-fascism' are ridiculous at face value ...
               | 
               | ... that a common person would take some rather mundane
               | comment somewhere to mean those things, implies that
               | they've been radicalized in some way in the manner that
               | I've described.
               | 
               | "Racists is everywhere, under my bed, in the jingle for
               | that product, in our schools! Math is racist! We Need
               | Action Now!"
               | 
               | 'Anti Racism' is a reasonable concept at face value, but
               | the issue has obviously created groups of wayward
               | ideologues in large swaths in the US, who are more likely
               | than not to be involved in the civil service,
               | particularly in education.
               | 
               | Since 'improving education' is a perennial issue of
               | contention anyhow - if we throw 'math is racist' into the
               | fire, along with legions (at least a critical mass) of
               | fervent supporters - and then finally allow the hollow
               | politicians and media to misrepresent and aggrandize all
               | of it in bad faith (votes, money, attention, power etc.)
               | ... then we have yet another toxic cocktail of public
               | malaise and dysfunction distracting us from dealing with
               | the core issues.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I know progressives love to portray things as a dichotomy
               | between "fascism" and "equity" but that leaves out the
               | position that the majority of people in minority groups
               | actually support--color blindness:
               | https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/02/25/most-
               | americ...
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | It sounds like you and OP differ only in that he thinks the
             | people on the committee have these beliefs, while you're
             | implying that they're afraid of "political pressure" from
             | people who hold these beliefs. Which I suspect is correct.
        
               | klodolph wrote:
               | I was thinking less that they are "afraid" of political
               | pressure, and more that responding to political pressure
               | is one of the things that these committees do, by design.
               | 
               | Political pressure is a manifestation of the population's
               | problems / beliefs / perceptions. It's wrong to bow
               | completely to political pressure, but it's also wrong to
               | ignore it.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | I agree with you somewhat, but I think there's an
               | important distinction to be made.
               | 
               | If a political decision-making process concludes "men
               | account for more road traffic deaths than women, but
               | we've decided that gender can't be taken into account
               | when pricing car insurance" that's fine; the facts have
               | remained the facts, and a political decision has been
               | made by a political process.
               | 
               | But if the same process concludes "men and women cause
               | the same number of road traffic deaths" the process has
               | gone off the rails _despite the fact the outcome is the
               | same_ because in one situation the facts have been
               | acknowledged and the decision to act contrary to them
               | made knowingly; while in the second situation that isn 't
               | the case.
        
             | namelessoracle wrote:
             | If you talk to these people though. They DO have bad
             | beliefs. Let's not even talk about politics. Their goal is
             | to get a kid a degree,(especially in groups that dont
             | normally get degrees) and many of them believe just having
             | the degree to get past the job resume hurdles is good and
             | helping people.
             | 
             | They ignore the fact that the degree is supposed to be a
             | proof of "This person has X skillsets at minimum". It no
             | longer is. There is basically no job in the United States
             | that cares if you have a high school diploma or GED other
             | than government jobs. They are repeating this process with
             | College right now. The College Diploma is now the new High
             | School Diploma, and pretty soon jobs are gonna want Masters
             | or Doctorates for entry level.
             | 
             | This is a bad belief, they don't (or won't) understand that
             | they are ruining and devaluing a thing by their actions and
             | beliefs.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | Given the situation on the ground you can comment that
               | it'd be great to stop de-valuing college degrees but I
               | think it's pretty clear that ship has sailed. A lot of
               | jobs do unnecessarily demand college degrees, even going
               | so far as to accept irrelevant degrees... anytime you see
               | "Our ideal candidate has a BS from an accredited
               | university" you can be confident that an arbitrary and
               | discouraging requirement is being placed on the post.
               | Now, in reality, a lot of employers don't actually care
               | about those "requirements" but young people often don't
               | realize that, and the ones that do can't be certain their
               | uncertainty won't be invalidated by the time they secure
               | a diploma.
               | 
               | I don't have a specific comment on the policy under
               | discussion, I'm not a californian and I'm not familiar
               | with the specifics - but telling people "You'll be fine
               | without a degree" isn't going to go over well and,
               | honestly, is asking the recipient to accept a large risk
               | regarding their future while you, an employed person,
               | have already passed that hurdle. American colleges
               | definitely have issues with over enrollment but even if
               | wanting that state is a "bad belief", it's certainly an
               | accurate belief.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | You can't get a college degree without passing the
               | College Algebra weedout course (let alone Calculus, which
               | is required for the bulk of STEM courses), and you can
               | only realistically pass College Algebra by getting a lot
               | of rigorous math in K-12. Lowering the bar is doing
               | _every_ student a disservice, and the most vulnerable
               | students will be the hardest hit.
        
               | namelessoracle wrote:
               | You'd think that but there are work arounds.
               | 
               | Yes pretty much every college requires "college algebra".
               | But some schools have "college algebra for stem majors"
               | vs "college algebra for non stem majors". Guess which one
               | is easier, has lots of bonus credit and extra curricular
               | stuff to earn extra credit. (You attended the college
               | showing of "vagely related math movie?! Here's 10 points
               | on your final!") And also grades on a curve. Also you
               | only need 69.5 (and sometimes just a D!) to graduate.
               | 
               | There's also other cheats/hacks. Like lots of state
               | schools will let you transfer from a community college
               | with credit for your "core courses", and some of those
               | have questionable standards. There's also the fact that
               | college algebra usually has some kind of test out or
               | online option. There was a whole sub industry of "pay you
               | to take the online test for me" at colleges for stuff
               | like college algebra. Some of those courses did have some
               | kind "you have to take 1 test in person so we know its
               | you" rule. But they didnt check super heavily that you
               | were actually that person other than a cursory
               | examination of your drivers license name matched who was
               | supposed to take the test. (and oh boy let me tell you
               | about how covid and masks interacted with all of that)
               | 
               | Dont get me started on the "Statistics for Sociology"
               | that was different than actual "Statistics" (but
               | fulfilled the Stats requirement for the degree)
               | 
               | This is also ignoring that taking College Algebra to
               | begin with IN COLLEGE. Was a major sign you were not a
               | Stem Major. Stem Majors took that in high school and were
               | taking at minimum precalculus. (and even that was viewed
               | as the slow lane, you should be talking Calc 1 as a red
               | blooded STEM freshman)
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > pretty much every college requires "college algebra".
               | 
               | Caltech didn't. In fact, they expect you to know calculus
               | before entering. I didn't, and that nearly capsized my
               | college career before it left the dock.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | I do expect that such "workarounds" will always exist. I
               | just don't think they're more _realistic_ than just
               | getting some good-enough math fundamentals in K-12,
               | without mucking about with  "data science" silliness.
               | (Data literacy is of course appropriate to Science class,
               | and the letter even mentions that.)
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > Statistics for Sociology
               | 
               | An acquaintance asked me if she should take "Calculus for
               | Artists" after I suggested she take a calculus course. I
               | laughed, and said that such a course should be named
               | "Pretend to Learn Calculus". She should take a real
               | calculus course, which she did, and did well in it.
               | 
               | If you're in college, stick to the real math classes, not
               | the "math for losers who are forced to take a math
               | class". You'll be with other students who want to learn
               | math, and you'll have a prof that wants to teach math
               | (the loser math course has a prof who doesn't want to be
               | there, either). It'll be a much more pleasant experience.
               | 
               | Hey, if I was running a college, I'd have the two track
               | math system, too. That way the students who want to learn
               | won't be bothered by the ones who don't.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | devindotcom wrote:
        
             | cool_dude85 wrote:
             | No, even Ayn has never claimed to be a psychic, able to
             | penetrate the deepest thoughts of school board members to
             | distill their entire world view down to a bulleted list.
        
           | pfisherman wrote:
           | I never understood why people try to make "blank slate" into
           | a binary thing.
           | 
           | Can people not have varying degrees of physical and neural
           | plasticity? Perhaps some people are more like blank slates
           | and can adapt more readily than others? Maybe plasticity
           | changes with age?
        
             | dionidium wrote:
             | There's almost no opponent of the blank slate theory who
             | thinks societal factors never matter. There's only one side
             | that takes a hard-line dogmatic view on this issue and it's
             | the blank slatists.
        
             | jollybean wrote:
             | Of course they do. Even if someone actually believed in
             | some 'hard' type of ideology, they might not act that way.
             | 
             | It's just a 'general set of principles', intuitions, pop
             | culture ideals that lead a large group of people to
             | assumptive believe that 'unequal outcomes are driven mostly
             | by systematic racism' and that's that.
             | 
             | Ergo 'the world is deeply racist' and 'there is racism
             | around every corner' including in your math textbooks and
             | teaching.
             | 
             | Ad nauseum.
             | 
             | Some of it is actually correct.
             | 
             | Some of it is reasonable from an intellectual perspective,
             | but it's hard to take anything from it.
             | 
             | Much of it just ends up being toxic.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > Blank slate - All humans are of equal ability
           | 
           | Not only does the earlier version of the framework explicitly
           | reject this view, it cited specific empirical studies that
           | the broad approach targeted (which I gather had not changed
           | in the revisions which is why the complaints remain despite
           | some revision to details) was better for people across the
           | ability spectrum.
           | 
           | Similar points apply to each of your bad-faith assumptions
           | about the underlying beliefs.
        
             | FFRefresh wrote:
             | > Not only does the earlier version of the framework
             | explicitly reject this view
             | 
             | Can you share that explicit rejection of the idea that
             | there are not innate differences in ability, in the CMF? I
             | have not seen it myself, thank you ahead of time.
             | 
             | To share what I've read, and colors my views a bit, is the
             | following, from 'Chapter 1: Mathematics for All' of the
             | Second Field Review [1]:
             | 
             | > An aim of this framework is to respond to the structural
             | barriers put in the place of mathematics success: equity
             | influences all aspects of this document. Some overarching
             | principles that guide work towards equity in mathematics
             | include the following:
             | 
             | > All students deserve powerful mathematics; high-level
             | mathematics achievement is not dependent on rare natural
             | gifts, but rather can be cultivated (Leslie et al., 2015;
             | Boaler, 2019 a, b; Ellenberg, 2014). ...
             | 
             | > All students, regardless of background, language of
             | origin, differences, or foundational knowledge are capable
             | and deserving of depth of understanding and engagement in
             | rich mathematics tasks.
             | 
             | > Hard work and persistence is more important for success
             | in mathematics than natural ability. Actually, I would give
             | this advice to anyone working in any field, but it's
             | especially important in mathematics and physics where the
             | traditional view was that natural ability was the primary
             | factor in success. --Maria Klawe, Mathematician, Harvey
             | Mudd President (in Williams, 2018)
             | 
             | > Fixed notions about student ability have led to
             | considerable inequities in mathematics education.
             | 
             | Note that my pointing to this doesn't mean I inherently
             | disagree that hard work/education can't help improve
             | outcomes. I show the above citations to show that the CMF
             | is not explicitly denying the Blank slate theory, which is
             | what you are suggesting. If anything, they go out of the
             | way to view ideas of innate ability negatively. I'm happy
             | to also look at the references that you alluded to but did
             | not cite.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.cde.ca.gov/ci/ma/cf/ (it's in the bottom
             | section, the format is .docx, so don't want to directly
             | link to it as that format can sometimes be cause for
             | concern on random links shared on the internet)
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | It's almost a case of inmates running the asylum --but in this
         | case, it's not even the inmates but their caregivers who in
         | their maternalistic view seem to think they know what's best
         | for the "inmates" and are guiding them to the path to "hell"
         | --hell being a reduced education in an increasingly competitive
         | labor market.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | >to dumb down math in high school?
         | 
         | There's a lot of competing / strange interests in school
         | systems that can have well intended but BIZARRE outcomes.
         | 
         | My wife works in early childhood education. At one point it was
         | recognized that the early childhood department should be more
         | involved in helping students with learning disabilities as soon
         | as possible. There was lots of outreach to parents to get them
         | into free classes and education, and most importantly screening
         | so they could get free services if they qualified / needed
         | them.
         | 
         | However, it was noticed at some point by some very vocal
         | parents that some students with specific backgrounds were
         | refereed to these services more than others. These services
         | were provided in and out of school, the kids weren't moved to
         | another school or anything like that, but despite all their
         | efforts... The result was deemed to be some sort of bias, or
         | outright racism.
         | 
         | Therefore it was made very clear that they could not
         | disproportionately "single out" students of some backgrounds
         | for these services, that are free, to help them learn.
        
         | hintymad wrote:
         | I have two theories:
         | 
         | 1. Math is a differentiating subject for getting into those
         | competitive colleges, departments, and professions. In the
         | meantime, the progressives simply refuse to believe that some
         | people are just better at studying math. The logical choice,
         | then, is to dumb down math to "level the play ground". It's the
         | same unspoken reason why so many people pushed the magnet
         | schools to use lottery to pick students (I actually think
         | lottery with threshold can be a good solution, but that's
         | another subject).
         | 
         | 2. Progressive math educators have been advocating self
         | discovery and that everyone can learn math in their own pace
         | for years. What educators need to do, per the progressive
         | argument, is to protect the fragile passion and creativity of
         | the kids. Jo Boaler even argued that kids should discover all
         | maths by their own. Naturally, we have to dumb down math
         | courses, otherwise we would inevitably hurt the confidence and
         | passion of some kids. As progressives always said: no kid
         | should be left behind and some people got better at math only
         | because they were socially privileged. I disagree with the
         | progressive view of math education based on my personal
         | experience, as so many classmates of mine simply were not
         | interested in STEM, and maths in particular. I'm not sure why
         | we don't accept that most people will hit a wall sooner or
         | later when learning maths. To some it is arithmetic, to some it
         | is calculus, to some it is abstract algebra, etc and etc. To me
         | I definitely lost my drive when taking courses like model
         | logic, and I certainly do not have interest or talent to get
         | good at things like functional analysis or topology or
         | algebraic geometry, but I make peace with it. I really don't
         | understand why the progressives are hell bent on insisting that
         | everyone can learn maths equally.
        
         | spoonjim wrote:
         | I think you're looking at it the wrong way. The job that the
         | administrator is hired for is "make Black and White test scores
         | identical." With only the leverage of the school, and no
         | broader socioeconomic levers, the only way to make this happen
         | is to reduce all assessment to 1+1=? (Multiple choice)
        
         | overview wrote:
         | The perception of math by the public has led to a cognitive
         | predisposition that math (especially calculus) is beyond the
         | ordinary person. I wish pop culture would transform this.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | I think I can translate this:
       | 
       | It's saying that it is impossible to get the bulk of students
       | (with the teachers we have) to complete the standard mathematics
       | curriculum by the end of high school. This has always been true,
       | in all countries, hence "streaming". But now they're saying let's
       | do away with the advanced stream, therefore students can't
       | complete the last part of the US mathematics curriculum (which is
       | called "Calculus"). Rather than justify that move in terms of
       | cost or fairness, we're going to say "because Calculus isn't
       | important now".
       | 
       | This is obviously completely bogus. If their assertion that
       | Leibnitz-style calculus isn't important now, they could replace
       | it with Linear Algebra, Number Theory, or some other "important
       | now" subject.
       | 
       | Add to that, the fact that in the US the names of high school
       | mathematics classes are by convention. "Geometry" isn't all
       | geometry, for example. And "Calculus" isn't all calculus. The
       | classes are really : Math 1, Math 2, Math 3, Math 4, AP Math.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | 0000011111 wrote:
       | Why can we do both?
       | 
       | 1. Make it possible for HS students who are interested in
       | Calculus to take the course under the instruction from a college
       | profess on the high school campus. That way it would be set up
       | for students to get college credit for the class and they would
       | not need to travel to a college campus or deal with the AP exam
       | system.
       | 
       | 2. Make it possible for HS students who are not interested (Yet)
       | or at all to graduate with out taking the class. Lots of student
       | are ready for Calculus until college anyway. No need to force
       | them on a single path IMO.
        
         | dfdz wrote:
         | > 249,871 High School Mathematics Teachers in USA [1]
         | 
         | > 5,972 Math Professors in USA [2]
         | 
         | 1. There are simply not enough college math professors for this
         | to work.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.zippia.com/high-school-mathematics-teacher-
         | jobs/...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.zippia.com/math-professor-jobs/demographics/
        
         | dymk wrote:
         | Probably the optics that will ensue - Our public schools seem
         | intent on making sure that to ensure everybody is as achieved
         | as everyone else, but rather than improving education for the
         | bottom percentile, they'll simply remove the advanced stuff for
         | the top percentile.
        
           | 0000011111 wrote:
           | Fortuity there are free options for good online instruction
           | available to everyone in the world with youtube access.
           | 
           | https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab
           | 
           | When we focus narrowly on what brick and mortar Public HS
           | should and should not be teaching in regards to math curium
           | we sideline all the pathways for learning available outside
           | of this bureaucratic model.
           | 
           | Folks in most places in the United States a least can check
           | out a Chromebook from a local library and use their free
           | internet to access this information.
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | My high school did exactly that in the 2000s. The local
         | Community College teacher drove to the high school and taught a
         | class. You got high school credit and college credit if you
         | payed the $50 community College enrollment. No ap test
         | required.
         | 
         | Students could also take additional ge's at college outside of
         | school hours, and I entered University with about 80 credits
        
       | timcavel wrote:
        
       | lr4444lr wrote:
       | Efforts like this are well meaning, but only treat symptoms. The
       | major impetus for watered down curricula is the very rational
       | fear that large swaths of the student population will fail if
       | expected to perform at the prior standards of rigor. Schools are
       | not prepared to hold back massive numbers of kids, drop out
       | proclivity for students held back rises, and teachers will be
       | poorly evaluated by virtue of their students' inability above and
       | beyond reasonable expectations of what they can learn in a single
       | year given prior failure to build a proper foundation.
       | 
       | How we got to this point is perhaps a lot more complicated and
       | politically fraught, but it has to be dealt with. Administrators
       | and state education leadership are often simply responding to the
       | incentives and avoiding dire outcomes suggested by the data. They
       | have to craft palatable excuses for it, and it's ultimately a
       | waste of time to engage those excuses on face.
        
         | poisonarena wrote:
         | What happened in California over the last 50 years to make math
         | scores plummet ?
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | Declining math scores can be tied almost entirely tied to
           | economic disparity (which unfortunately tracks with race
           | pretty closely). Rich kids are on track, poor kids are far
           | behind.
           | 
           | Unfortunately I don't expect these changes to impact that. It
           | will likely take more rich kids out of public schools and
           | further widen the gap.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Rich kids are on track, poor kids are far behind_
             | 
             | The achievement gap is growing. Part of this is explained
             | by union dynamics [1]. Part by California's elites caring
             | less about addressing the gap than talking about it.
             | 
             | [1] https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3102/0013189X21
             | 10063...
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | yuup
               | 
               | > Altogether, this study provides some evidence that
               | contract changes are associated with the educational
               | opportunities of school districts' diverse and
               | economically disadvantaged students.
               | 
               | Essentially, if you want to prioritize your child's
               | education above all else, get them into the richest
               | school district you can manage.
        
         | logicalmonster wrote:
         | > How we got to this point is perhaps a lot more complicated
         | and politically fraught, but it has to be dealt with.
         | 
         | How many folks are really willing to do that? The problem is
         | that actually discussing the perceived root causes of this
         | issue will get you shunned out of polite society.
        
           | solenoidalslide wrote:
           | Are you referring to all of the recent laws banning
           | discussion of these topics labeled CRT?
           | 
           | Those are the only topics I am seeing being outright banned
           | from being discussed or taught.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | This is a natural consequence of the American myth/narrative
         | that everyone is suited for academic high school and
         | university. Other countries simply sort people into different
         | schools much earlier, and spend the high school years teaching
         | meaningful vocational skills to those not on the academic
         | track, rather than wasting everyone's time.
        
           | brightball wrote:
           | The approach makes sense. How are claims of bias within the
           | process handled? That's the only thing I can imagine from a
           | similar system here.
        
             | frostburg wrote:
             | At least here you can just go to the school that you want.
             | People that don't like math or the idea of studying dead
             | languages do not pick the lyceums.
             | 
             | Obviously indirect social stratification is still at work
             | in the process.
        
           | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
           | It's possible this is a good thing. Though it's also possible
           | sorting too early determines someone's life path before they
           | are mature to understand their talents and abilities. So I
           | don't think early sorting is superior to the American model
           | because at least the American model can uplift late bloomers.
        
             | bigcat123 wrote:
        
             | DoingIsLearning wrote:
             | A famous example of this that absolutely blew my mind is
             | Ugur Sahin.
             | 
             | For those not familiar, he is the founder of BioNTech, the
             | German researchers who developed Pfizer's SARS-COV2 mRNA
             | vaccine.
             | 
             | Ugur moved from Turkey to Germany at age 4. At the end of
             | primary school his teacher had assigned him to
             | 'hauptschule'. It was only because of a neighbour's
             | intervention that he was later put through 'Gymnasium' i.e.
             | on track to study 'higher' studies.
             | 
             | The rest is history, after med school he did a doctorate in
             | Imunotherapy, he founded a 18billion revenue biotech
             | company and saved countless lives with what we now call the
             | Pfizer mRNA covid vaccine.
             | 
             | Had that primary teacher's decision been held it really
             | would have been a 'butterfly effect' of catastrophic
             | proportions for Humanity.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | You don't know the counterfactual, though: how many
               | Americans' talent is wasted because they are forced to
               | sit through watered-down school until age 18 before they
               | can begin serious studies?
        
               | DoingIsLearning wrote:
               | Absolutely fair.
               | 
               | This one example just stuck with me when I read it
               | because of how serindipitous his mRNA research turned out
               | to be during an all out worldwide pandemic.
        
               | Czarcasm wrote:
               | This is probably the best counterargument to raise in
               | response to the "late-bloomer" anecdotes that many people
               | raise.
               | 
               | For every unit of societal productivity created by a late
               | bloomer that is saved by a common-stream system, I would
               | personally argue that there is an order of magnitude more
               | societal productivity lost by holding back the more
               | typical high performers.
               | 
               | Late blooming intellectuals aren't the norm. Most highly
               | intelligent people begin performing as such from a young
               | age.
        
           | ghostbrainalpha wrote:
           | How do they deal with the late bloomers?
           | 
           | I didn't really find my academic ability, and programming
           | until I was in my twenties.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | That doesn't explain what has changed within American public
           | education, if it's true what the parent commenter said:
           | "large swaths of the student population will fail if expected
           | to perform at the prior standards of rigor"
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | Unfortunately, tracking is awful for the low-track students
           | because guess what, no self-respecting teacher wants to be
           | stuck teaching underperformers. So the students are trapped
           | in that situation, being taught by terrible teachers who
           | don't actually care for their educational achievement, and
           | unable to improve. You see those outcomes across the board,
           | including in the celebrated German system of academic vs.
           | vocational school tracks. Yes, there are ways to cross
           | through to the highest tracks, but very few students can
           | avail themselves of those practically.
        
             | alimov wrote:
             | > "...no self-respecting teacher wants to be stuck teaching
             | underperformers."
             | 
             | If you look at people that are not academically inclined
             | and call them under performers then maybe that's part of
             | the issue. I think everyone has strengths and weaknesses,
             | and if someone is more inclined to do vocational training
             | rather than the standard track I think their strengths and
             | interests should be developed / encouraged. An educator
             | teaching someone that is actually interested in what they
             | are being taught sounds like a more rewarding experience
             | than lecturing a class where maybe 5 of 40 (not an actual
             | stat) students are actually engaged.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | It's not whether people are more suited for vocational or
               | "standard track." It's our aptitude for judging that in
               | children.
        
               | alimov wrote:
               | That's a good point. I am not aware of a "good" way to
               | make that kind of judgement, especially considering the
               | lack of resources available to those that would be making
               | such a judgement (k-12 educators at public schools)
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | > If you look at people that are not academically
               | inclined and call them under performers then maybe that's
               | part of the issue.
               | 
               | It's not _me_ doing that, it 's education schools telling
               | prospective teachers that their students will just be
               | "learning their math by themselves", and the teachers can
               | simply be facilitators. It must be a comfy job teaching
               | math class to little Carl Friedrich Gauss and the like,
               | but what about the remaining 99% of students - who will
               | need _actual_ teaching?
        
               | alimov wrote:
               | Sorry, I should have worded that better.
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | I've talked to some high school students about going to
           | college despite high costs, and there was a general fear
           | (statistically backed) that they would make less over their
           | lifetimes without a degree and that not going to college
           | would put them in a worse position to do basic things like
           | buy a house as costs continue to rise.
        
           | OnlyMortal wrote:
           | The Netherlands been an example.
        
           | Bostonian wrote:
           | Yes, but if you do sort students by academic achievement, you
           | will send a smaller fraction of blacks and Hispanics to
           | academic high schools than whites, and a smaller fraction of
           | whites than Asians, since there are differences in academic
           | achievement by race. I say so be it, but currently many
           | people assume that disparate outcomes prove racism.
        
             | adamomada wrote:
             | The irony of course is that focusing on who they are not
             | what they do has to be more racist by a rational definition
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | If it's based on ability, it should not matter what
               | percentage of advanced students are white, black, asian,
               | or other. All that matters is that if you're good enough,
               | you get in.
        
           | sefrost wrote:
           | Which countries do that and which countries don't?
        
             | brummm wrote:
             | Germany splits students into different schools starting 5th
             | grade and it's absolutely great.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | Deciding the future of your life in 4th grade (when
               | students are evaluated in Bavaria, at least) is maybe not
               | great. Was living in Munich for five years and I'm glad
               | we left before our son got sorted.
               | 
               | There's also a strong racial/class component to who gets
               | into Hauptschule/Realschule/Gymnasium, surprise surprise.
        
               | Lev1a wrote:
               | Here in M-V I had to go through "Orientierungsstufe"1
               | which I _partly_ blame for my learning difficulties and
               | anger issues later in school, since in those two years we
               | later had to find out that we missed 1-1,5 years of
               | material and /or learning methods depending on the
               | subject.
               | 
               | I mean... e.g. in Philosophy the teacher was absent for
               | most of those two years resulting in us having to
               | entertain ourselves for those "lessons". When we finally
               | entered Gymnasium at 7th grade we received a culture
               | shock when we had to learn the "Zauberlehrling" by Goethe
               | in 1,5-2 weeks for recital in the first weeks.
               | 
               | Realschule felt more like Kindergarten from the treatment
               | by teachers like their attitude while teaching and them
               | not being interested in bullying unless it turned
               | _really_ physical, then protected the bullies when the
               | bullied hit back. What I 'm saying is, as the slightly
               | fat kid who also didn't get all the shiny new things from
               | his parents I was bullied by a group of other students
               | surrounding and harassing me almost every single day
               | during breaks those incompetent "teachers" only had the
               | "advice" to basically let the bullies tire themselves out
               | from bullying but heaven forbid once trying to break out
               | of the encirclement i tried to hit one of those bullying
               | lowlives, the teachers descended like vultures isolating
               | me in a room for the rest of the break questioning why I
               | did that instead of "just ignoring the bullies". Those
               | bullies never received any kind of discipline/punishment.
               | 
               | Later in Gymnasium, I _once_ had a very heated verbal
               | altercation with a classmate within earshot of a teacher,
               | we were taken aside, our parents called in for an evening
               | sitdown that same week, there we resolved our differences
               | with some guidance from a teacher and remain friends even
               | now.
               | 
               | Both schools were only staffed by older teachers with the
               | youngest being late-40s/early-50s and several teachers
               | retiring during my stay at the Gymnasium, so probably
               | little to no influence from education during newer eras
               | of teaching.
               | 
               | Honestly I wish I could smack that idiot Brodkorb for all
               | the stupid shit he did as education minister.
               | 
               | 1: no split after 4th grade, instead have everyone go
               | through Realschule for 5th and 6th grade, only starting
               | the split at grade 7.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | I've heard pretty terrible things about Germany
               | tolerating bullying, +1 for that count I guess.
        
               | Lev1a wrote:
               | Clarification (can't edit the above post anymore):
               | 
               | > our parents called in
               | 
               | should be
               | 
               | our parents were called in
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | It is genuinly too soon.
        
             | morelisp wrote:
             | In Germany you can be sorted into a Hauptschule around age
             | 10. At this point you will definitely not get a university
             | education via any usual path. Increasingly even "the
             | trades" are closed off to graduates and people expect a
             | Realschule (HS/GED equivalent) degree for those.
             | 
             | I don't think university is appropriate for everyone and I
             | dearly wish skilled trades had a higher position in
             | society, and generally don't believe in the idea of
             | "unskilled labor". But the German system is ultimately as
             | cruel as the American one.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | I don't think either system is great right now. From an
               | American perspective, I really wish that there were still
               | trade-type classes in high school, and those were more
               | accepted as a viable career path at that stage of life
               | for those who want it.
               | 
               | One path could be partnerships with local
               | community/technical colleges. My high school participated
               | in a program called "Middle College" where high school
               | students took classes at a local community college (can't
               | remember if it was all or just some) and that seemed to
               | work well.
        
             | pmyteh wrote:
             | England mostly doesn't (though there's some local
             | variation). Most secondary (11-16/18) schools are
             | 'comprehensive', covering the full range of abilities. It
             | is standard to set pupils by ability in most subjects, but
             | uncommon to track/stream pupils by general ability across
             | the whole curriculum.
             | 
             | We previously ran a split system, with exams splitting
             | pupils at 11 into academic ('grammar') and non-academic
             | ('secondary modern') schools. Many grammar schools were
             | good; most sec mods were awful. The exams also famously had
             | pretty poor predictive power for underlying academic
             | ability as an adult, so pathways had to be developed to
             | allow bright pupils to go to higher education despite being
             | mis-sorted in the original exam - which somewhat undermines
             | the point of the system. Comprehensivisation has never been
             | nationally mandated, but nearly all areas have now done
             | away with academic selection at 11. The remaining holdouts
             | are mostly suburban Conservative areas where political
             | power is in the hands of the well-heeled upper middle
             | classes who are strongly in favour of grammars (and expect
             | their own children to go there). Interestingly, Margaret
             | Thatcher (as Education Secretary under Heath) was
             | responsible for more grammar school closures than Labour
             | was.
             | 
             | Vocational/academic choices are now being made at age 14
             | and 16 either within the secondary schools or by moving to
             | local further education colleges (similar to US community
             | colleges and trade schools). Vocational classes are low
             | status. Britain no longer has a strong industrial sector to
             | use such skills, and although both parties advocate for
             | better vocational education essentially everyone who
             | matters would be most unhappy if their darling children
             | were diverted from a university track in the direction of
             | trades. That's something they want _other_ (poorer) people
             | 's children to do, not their own. We've never developed
             | good vocational training for offices/services jobs, and
             | although such courses do exist they're not taken
             | particularly seriously by employers, despite several rounds
             | of national reforms.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | I think Northern Ireland still does the 11+
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | France does.
        
             | usrn wrote:
             | Germany famously does. Children are given a test and
             | depending on the score they go to Gymnasium (in
             | perpetration for university) or one of two other options
             | which trains them for either trades or labor.
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | I'm not sure it's merely that. Most vocational track high
           | schools types (except the hotel / restaurant ones that are
           | well designed) here in Italy are honestly bad, not really
           | helping students reach their full potential, but the content
           | of the courses isn't on-its-face farcical like that "data
           | science" course.
           | 
           | There are clearly decision makers detached from reality
           | involved here.
        
         | frostburg wrote:
         | They're avoiding dire outcomes for themselves while damaging
         | society, however. A merely performative education is truly
         | something awful.
        
           | wonnage wrote:
           | I think the cause/effect is reversed. Society is damaged
           | because parents cannot raise kids properly for a variety of
           | reasons. You have kids who don't come to school, entire
           | classrooms where 80% of the time is spent managing behavior,
           | kids who receive zero parental support at home because the
           | single parent is working two jobs, etc.
           | 
           | That problem is hard to fix, whereas the curriculum is soft
           | and malleable. You also have an entire industry of education
           | PHDs who have never taught class for any appreciable amount
           | of time who have a neoliberal fetish for minor policy tweaks
           | as the path to heaven.
           | 
           | Teachers have the same problems as police, random societal
           | functions have fallen to them by default because there's no
           | alternative. They're surrogate parents, social workers,
           | mental health counselors, etc. and there's barely any time to
           | do any teaching afterwards.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | >surrogate parents, social workers, mental health
             | counselors, etc
             | 
             | And they're paid dick all on top of it
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | This makes no sense even as a well meaning. "Some kids are
         | going to fail so we need to prevent other kids from excelling."
         | Obvious BS from California
        
           | jimbob45 wrote:
           | Okay but what if American children were subjected to the
           | standards of Chinese schools? You'd see 70% failure rates
           | overnight at every school in the nation. Surely, in that
           | case, we'd see policies like these pushed even by white
           | people.
           | 
           | Likewise, the minority parents and schools simply see upper-
           | class white schools in this country as we do the Chinese
           | schools. I'm not saying that this is the best solution to the
           | problem but I can at least understand where these parents are
           | coming from.
        
             | throwaway894345 wrote:
             | We're not talking about abruptly changing standards, we're
             | talking about holding kids to existing standards for which
             | our society is already calibrated. I don't think your
             | analogy applies (also, are Chinese schools really so much
             | more rigorous than American schools, or is this assumed
             | based on performance of Chinese immigrants?).
        
               | apetresc wrote:
               | Yes, they really are. Look up example questions for the
               | Zhongkao (national high school entrance exam) or Gaokao
               | (national university entrance exam) and ask yourself how
               | North American students at those respective stages would
               | fare.
        
               | throwaway894345 wrote:
               | I'm not necessarily surprised, just curious. Thanks for
               | clarifying.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | Rather than standing tall for universal high standards,
         | education officials pass the buck to look good. The result will
         | be an increasingly unproductive, stratified, and unequal
         | society.
         | 
         | You can pass and pass and pass people, but eventually an
         | employer is going to need someone to do the job, and they will
         | make sure they get that someone. So there will be a hard
         | standard sooner or later. The only choice is whether we give
         | all students a chance to meet that standard.
        
         | legalcorrection wrote:
         | When the utopian plans to elevate the masses fail, just bring
         | down the elites instead. Equality achieved.
        
         | snowwrestler wrote:
         | Is the curriculum being watered down? My reading on this the
         | last time it came up on HN is that the sequencing of math
         | topics is being changed, which results in classes not having
         | the familiar names like Algebra 2, Geometry, AB Calculus, etc.
         | That doesn't mean the concepts will not be covered by the end.
         | 
         | I remember the huge blowups over "Common Core" years ago, which
         | included new ways of teaching math concepts. I got to see some
         | of it in action during COVID as I sat in on elementary Zoom
         | school with my kid. I have to say I was impressed; they used
         | techniques I did not recognize, but they seemed to work well.
        
           | wbsss4412 wrote:
           | As someone with a math background I found the blow ups over
           | common core to be ridiculous. Focusing on parents
           | unfamiliarity in place of any actual discussion of
           | effectiveness.
           | 
           | If we are going to get anywhere with math education, it can't
           | be based on pandering to parent's expectations.
        
         | dc-programmer wrote:
         | I think America is going to have to take a hard look at its
         | math education if it's serious about re-industrializing. Where
         | are all the extra engineers going to come from?
         | 
         | I think you are touching on theory I have that Americans are
         | becoming increasingly resentful that technical skills are
         | becoming more necessary for middle class living. This is a huge
         | driver of the pervading sense of precariousness. For some
         | reason there's a huge math phobia in this country
        
           | AlanYx wrote:
           | These things go in cycles. A lot of people don't realize that
           | Scopes actually lost the Scopes Monkey Trial, and that the
           | tide didn't turn overwhelmingly to rationalism in public
           | education until the 1958 National Defense Education Act
           | (which was motivated by the idea that there was a risk of the
           | nation falling behind scientifically). The tide will turn
           | towards rationalism and rigor again, eventually.
        
             | dc-programmer wrote:
             | Homer Hickman came to my mind reading your comment. His
             | Sputnik moment catalyzing the journey from coal mining town
             | to NASA is a metaphor for that ideal. However, I'd have a
             | hard time imagining America in 2022 has anything in common
             | with 1959's West Virginia.
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | > Where are all the extra engineers going to come from?
           | 
           | Unfortunately, maybe where they come from now? India, China,
           | and other immigration.
        
             | dc-programmer wrote:
             | The unstated irony is that there's a large overlap in the
             | anti-immigration and re-industrialization crowd.
             | 
             | I think an interesting part of 20th century American
             | industrial/scientific history is that many of the prominent
             | figures were European immigrants (many Jewish) or children
             | of immigrants.
             | 
             | Maybe there is something exceptional about the environment
             | itself. But the talented and privileged native citizens
             | rarely aspire to be an innovator; they dream of being a
             | leader or strategic thinker or mover of capital.
             | 
             | That's why I think hard math is so marginalized even in
             | elite circles ("I've never been good at math"). Technical
             | work is essentially blue collar to the upper middle class.
             | Many of my peers are in this group, and the only time they
             | were ever interested in math or programming, was due to its
             | possibility as a conduit to a more prestigious position.
             | 
             | This attitude is directly ingrained in undergrad
             | institutions. They focus on general knowledge to serve as a
             | justification to skip over front line work to become a
             | leader (military officer, factory manager, investment
             | banker).
             | 
             | There are excellent American technicians no doubt but most
             | of them don't fit the typical WASP mold or are predisposed
             | to obsessing over systemic topics (which describes myself,
             | being ADHD, although I can only strive to be excellent).
             | 
             | And the upper class? They have never aspired to much of
             | anything really other than hedonism and protecting their
             | position of status. At least in other countries, the upper
             | class ideal is a renaissance man.
             | 
             | Edit: some of these assertions are sweeping and maybe a
             | little mean. But I do think the thesis is directionally
             | correct. America will need to change the culture around
             | education to succeed in the 21st century. Immigration has
             | and will continue to be a boon; but we have to accept the
             | possibility that America could become a less desirable
             | immigration target
        
               | shadowfox wrote:
               | > At least in other countries, the upper class ideal is a
               | renaissance man.
               | 
               | Sadly, I don't think that is very true in many (most?)
               | places.
        
               | dc-programmer wrote:
               | Yeah I felt ridiculous saying that. Perhaps that false
               | contrast betrays a romantic idea more than representing
               | any material reality
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | robotresearcher wrote:
             | Unfortunately?
             | 
             | Well-trained people showing up by themselves is a huge
             | advantage.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | Yes unfortunately.
               | 
               | The unfortunate part is we don't educate enough of our
               | own citizens for these well paid jobs.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | Right. "Unfortunately" doesn't mean we should not
               | continue to rely on immigration for high tech. It means
               | it's unfortunate we're not providing the a similar
               | pipeline of people domestically.
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | I have to imagine these countries are going to begin
             | limiting or restricting this type of emigration as a
             | nation's people is its biggest asset. Brain draining the
             | world without reciprocity is the greatest foreign policy
             | we've had.
        
               | dc-programmer wrote:
               | I have strong suspicions that certain countries are
               | Astro-turfing movements on western social media to lure
               | talent back.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > The major impetus for watered down curricula is the very
         | rational fear that large swaths of the student population will
         | fail if expected to perform at the prior standards of rigor.
         | 
         | I don't think the previous standards of rigor were ever so high
         | for most students.
         | 
         | When I was growing up in the 80s and 90s in the suburban
         | _working class_ Midwest, the vast majority of the students in
         | my high school didn 't advance beyond algebra. This was in a
         | well resourced school district.
         | 
         | But that was a time when it was felt that most people didn't
         | even need to know anything past basic math to be employable.
         | Times have changed of course, but the vast majority of
         | educational paths, even STEM paths, don't require calculus.
         | 
         | However a great many do require basic data analysis abilities,
         | so it's reasonable to emphasize those.
         | 
         | This shouldn't be done at the cost of offering calculus as an
         | option for students who are prepared for and motivated to do
         | it, though. Of course in the end this is about cost. Assuming
         | the same resources, to teach a broader set of students data
         | science will require reducing the availability teaching
         | resources for something else.
         | 
         | I also recall that in the 1980s in some places there were
         | programs that taught calculus at public community colleges for
         | students who were on an accelerated academic path in high
         | school. That is another option to consider.
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | > the very rational fear that large swaths of the student
         | population will fail if expected to perform at the prior
         | standards of rigor.
         | 
         | Why is this a rational fear? It seems shocking to me that
         | students can't perform at the same prior standards given their
         | parents are more educated than the prior generation's parents.
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | Are the teachers as good?
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | Hard to know. The public perception of public employment as
             | a whole has gone considerably down since about the Reagan
             | era. The pay is mostly not very good, and states and the
             | feds have much more power over things that were
             | traditionally local.
        
           | falcolas wrote:
           | Potential reason it's rational: The shoulders of those giants
           | are higher than ever before. Climbing to those heights is
           | correspondingly harder to do.
           | 
           | Speaking for myself, I had to worry very little about
           | computers until late in high school (Senior year,
           | specifically). There were no spreadsheet or word processing
           | classes, and the typing classes were only for the girls.
           | There was Algebra (up through Calculus as an optional
           | course), but many others that my niece has that I didn't.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | Maybe I am missing something, but how would allowing some kids
         | to take more advanced math cause other kids to fail? You could
         | allow kids to graduate without taking the advanced math, but
         | still let kids who want to/are ready take the more advanced
         | classes.
        
       | jake891 wrote:
       | Californians would do well to compare themselves to Massachusetts
       | https://www.doe.mass.edu/frameworks/math/2017-06.pdf
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | Which states are doing it right?
        
         | 2sk21 wrote:
         | In New Jersey and Massachusetts at least, there is absolutely
         | no move to water down the math curriculum in any way. On the
         | contrary, the schools here compete on how many AP courses are
         | offered.
        
           | idoh wrote:
           | Here's a comparison between MA and CA standards: https://twit
           | ter.com/BethKellySF/status/1518991575526699008?s...
        
           | ecshafer wrote:
           | New Jersey also has an _excellent_ practices of magnet
           | schools at the county level. So that even if you are in a
           | poorer school district you can go study and apply for a
           | magnet school at the county that is better and more focused
           | on high academic schools. These schools focus on basically
           | college level education for their area in health care,
           | biochem, technology, arts, etc. with many AP courses. The
           | normal public schools are also good in NJ with a solid
           | baseline, but the magnet schools open up access to what would
           | otherwise be private specialized schools to all income
           | levels.
        
             | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
             | Magnet schools benefit the individual student but they are
             | a bit problematic for many schools because they pick off
             | the highest performers and whoever is willing to do the
             | work to get admitted / physically drive to the magnet.
             | 
             | And then the home school quality goes down and that hurts
             | everyone else who isn't among the small group at the
             | magnet.
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | One thing I notice in NJ is that although there are plenty
             | of private schools and academy's, you still see a lot of
             | people in multi-million dollar homes paying 60k a year in
             | property taxes sending their kids to the public high
             | school. Even the most progressive mother wouldn't do that
             | if the schools weren't at least up to snuff at offering the
             | curriculum that can get their kids into "good" universites.
        
           | pishpash wrote:
           | A reflection of the electorate. There are enough dummies in
           | California who feel the need to cry out through political
           | power.
        
           | whymauri wrote:
           | When I moved to MA, it blew my mind when I learned that what
           | Florida considers an 'advanced' or even 'specialized'
           | education is literally the baseline education in Boston and
           | the suburbs. The best schools in Miami Dade County would be
           | median in Middlesex.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ckemere wrote:
       | Text from the CMF:
       | 
       | > "Since achieving a solid foundation in mathematics is more
       | important for long-term success than rushing through courses with
       | a superficial understanding, it would be desirable to consider
       | how students who do not accelerate in eighth grade can reach
       | higher level courses, potentially including Calculus, by twelfth
       | grade. One possibility could involve reducing the repetition of
       | content in high school, so that students do not need four courses
       | before Calculus. Algebra 2 repeats a significant amount of the
       | content of Algebra 1 and Pre-calculus repeats content from
       | Algebra 2. While recognizing that some repetition of content has
       | value, further analysis should be conducted to evaluate how high
       | school course pathways may be redesigned to create a more
       | streamlined three-year pathway to pre-calculus / calculus or
       | statistics or data science, allowing students to take three years
       | of middle school foundations and still reach advanced mathematics
       | courses."
       | 
       | At face value, that suggests that the root problem is that
       | students reaching middle school Algebra 1 aren't ready and need
       | more remedial math instruction. As an Electrical Engineering
       | professor, I can definitely attest to the fact that students
       | reaching higher level classes with a precarious foundation are
       | rarely as successful as those whose foundation is more solid. I
       | suspect Scott would also agree that barely passing calculus in
       | high school is not an adequate preparation for a career in data
       | science. As a parent of a kindergartner and a second grader, I
       | can also see that there is opportunity to push more math further
       | down, but even at that age there are kids who have a huge
       | variability in how they view their math.
       | 
       | With regard to resources, I thought this statement in the CMF was
       | particularly insightful:
       | 
       | > "While early tracking of students into low-level courses has
       | been problematic, there is evidence that thoughtful grouping of
       | students to ensure they receive high-quality instruction geared
       | to their needs at a moment in time can be helpful. This includes
       | students who need to fill in gaps in their prior learning and
       | high-achieving students who are ready to be more intensely
       | challenged. It is also true that teaching heterogeneous classes
       | requires greater skill for differentiating supports than teaching
       | in classes where the range of performance may be narrower, and
       | should be accompanied by high-quality professional development to
       | enable success."
        
         | ckemere wrote:
         | Update - having re-read the first post about this, it seems
         | that the issue of resources is exactly the problem. I think
         | that opponents of the CMF would prefer to see More Resources
         | put into careful, thorough elementary/middle school math so
         | that middle schoolers would thrive in 8th grade Algebra. And in
         | their view, the CMF simply lowers the bar, masking the need for
         | more resources.
         | 
         | I agree with that!
        
           | 300bps wrote:
           | _masking the need for more resources._
           | 
           | Want to know the one resource that schools can _never_ give
           | students? Parental involvement. It also happens to be the #1
           | variable in success for students.
           | 
           | If parents aren't checking their children's grades on a daily
           | basis, asking what they're studying, staying in frequent
           | communication with teachers and the school, there is nothing
           | that is going to replace that.
           | 
           | My oldest son was on a robotics team during high school in
           | which we were a minority. All the other parents, their kids
           | were studying calculus by the end of high school. I asked
           | every one of them how their kid was able to do that and each
           | one of them shrugged and said, "nothing".
           | 
           | To them, "nothing" was their child spending 2 hours per day
           | at Kumon after school and a few hours on the weekend in
           | addition to their constant checking of their work and
           | insistence on academic excellence.
        
             | bcrosby95 wrote:
             | You also have to be careful about "well performing" school
             | districts for a similar reason. I live in one such district
             | and most of the parents I know have a regular, dedicated
             | tutor for each of their kids.
             | 
             | The teachers expect a lot because of this. Good luck if you
             | can't afford such help.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | The lack of resources for public education, coupled with the
           | every increasing level of competency that students are
           | required to internalize over time drives many of the fights
           | in education.
           | 
           | I can understand how an electrical engineering professor like
           | yourself is rightly concerned about your incoming students
           | having less calculus proficiency. On the other hand, there
           | many (possibly far more numerous than EE) education and
           | career paths that would benefit from better general numeracy
           | but not necessary calculus.
           | 
           | The terrible thing here is that these goals should be set
           | against one another due to resource limitations. The blame
           | for that lies with the broader societal inequities and their
           | reflection on the educational funding system.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | What exactly do you think are the facts regarding the "lack
             | of resources" in education and "the educational funding
             | system?" Are you aware that the U.S. spends among the most
             | on primary education (adjusted for purchasing power) of any
             | developed country:
             | https://www.statista.com/statistics/238733/expenditure-on-
             | ed...
             | 
             | Or that 50% of total K-12 school funding comes from federal
             | and state sources, which is directed mainly at lower-income
             | districts? And that, when including those funds, only a few
             | states (ironically blue ones) have more than a 5% gap
             | between rich and poor districts: https://edtrust.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/2018/02/Gaps-in-State.... Meanwhile about
             | 20 states (including many red ones like Utah and Georgia)
             | direct over 5% or more funding to poor school districts
             | than rich ones?
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > Are you aware that the U.S. spends among the most on
               | primary education
               | 
               | Yes, and I'm also aware that in the US we expect the
               | public school system to be a primary treatment center for
               | the disadvantages and traumas associated with poverty and
               | unequal opportunity.
               | 
               | It's more expensive (and harder) to educate hungry,
               | ignored, and traumatized children than it is to educate
               | children who are well take care of. They need more
               | support staff, more psychologists, more free lunch
               | programs, after-school care that their parents can never
               | afford. And it's hard to attract good teachers to teach
               | academics in those circumstances.
               | 
               | The major problems with primary education in the US are
               | largely faced disadvantaged communities, not prosperous
               | ones. If we decide to remove educational funding from
               | disadvantaged communities, we have to be prepared to
               | either put it into those communities in other ways,
               | otherwise we'll face even greater problems in schools.
               | 
               | None of that is to say that there doesn't need to be more
               | accountability in school systems - there is a lot that
               | needs to be done to re-examine how education is
               | delivered. But just looking at the situation by comparing
               | $ spent on primary education between countries is
               | oversimplifying things.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > Yes, and I'm also aware that in the US we expect the
               | public school system to be a primary treatment center for
               | the disadvantages and traumas associated with poverty and
               | unequal opportunity.
               | 
               | That's true in virtually every country, because the
               | school system is always the government's primary point of
               | contact with poor families.
               | 
               | > It's more expensive (and harder) to educate hungry,
               | ignored, and traumatized children than it is to educate
               | children who are well take care of. They need more
               | support staff, more psychologists, more free lunch
               | programs, after-school care that their parents can never
               | afford.
               | 
               | Agreed on school lunch. Large school districts already
               | offer after school and summer programs.
               | 
               | Disagree on more staff and psychologists. That's the kind
               | of waste that detracts from money for instruction.
               | Countries like Japan and Singapore went from being
               | desperately poor (at a level unimaginable even to an
               | inner city American) to developed in a couple of
               | generations in the 20th century. I'm pretty sure they
               | didn't (and still don't) have a bunch of school
               | psychologists on staff.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > Countries like Japan and Singapore went from being
               | desperately poor (at a level unimaginable even to an
               | inner city American) to developed in a couple of
               | generations in the 20th century
               | 
               | Those countries did so by making absolutely massive
               | infrastructure and human development investments in their
               | poor populations during their industrializing phase, very
               | similar to what the US did for its previously poor white
               | population after the 2nd world war.
               | 
               | The people who face the greatest educational obstacles in
               | the US today are disproportionately people who were also
               | largely excluded from the huge post-WW2 investments and
               | ensuing economic miracle, and have since faced the
               | economic brunt of de-industrialization.
               | 
               | > I'm pretty sure they didn't (and still don't) have a
               | bunch of school psychologists on staff.
               | 
               | They have far less crime and trauma to deal with, are not
               | awash with weapons, and had very strong communal support
               | systems. They were/are also quite authoritarian. Those
               | are very different societies with very different
               | circumstances. You can't directly compare the situation
               | in post war Japan and Singapore with inner city America.
               | By dint of our own history, issues of education and
               | equity actually quite a bit harder here.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > Those countries did so by making absolutely massive
               | infrastructure and human development investments in their
               | poor populations during their industrializing phase, very
               | similar to what the US did for its previously poor white
               | population after the 2nd world war.
               | 
               | Japan and Singapore aren't Nordic social welfare states.
               | They invested heavily in development but not particularly
               | targeted at the poor.
               | 
               | > The people who face the greatest educational obstacles
               | in the US today are disproportionately people who were
               | also largely excluded from the huge post-WW2 investments
               | and ensuing economic miracle, and have since faced the
               | economic brunt of de-industrialization.
               | 
               | Only if you pretend that white people in Appalachia are
               | the same group as white people in Massachusetts.
               | 
               | > They have far less crime and trauma to deal with, are
               | not awash with weapons, and had very strong communal
               | support systems. They were/are also quite authoritarian.
               | Those are very different societies with very different
               | circumstances.
               | 
               | That indicates that America's problem is culture, not the
               | availability of school psychologists.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > Japan and Singapore aren't Nordic social welfare
               | states. They invested heavily in development but not
               | particularly targeted at the poor.
               | 
               | Nor are they comparable to American inner cities.
               | 
               | My own anecdote about Singapore is an old friend who grew
               | up very poor in Singapore (themself a child of
               | impoverished rural immigrants laborers from India), but
               | whose family received subsidized housing, transportation,
               | and most of all, stability and security. If their family
               | had arrived in Singapore as slaves, their outcome might
               | have differed.
               | 
               | > Only if you pretend that white people in Appalachia are
               | the same group as white people in Massachusetts.
               | 
               | Who is pretending that? Not me. I agree that they also
               | have born the brunt of disinvestment and de-
               | industrialization, and we are seeing the effects of that
               | in the opioid and methamphetamine epidemics in those
               | areas. It's interesting that we don't usually call it a
               | culture problem with them though, like we do with black
               | inner city communities facing similar challenges.
               | 
               | > That indicates that America's problem is culture, not
               | the availability of school psychologists.
               | 
               | It indicates a problem of economics and disinvestment.
               | The psychologists are only there to manage the impacts of
               | that disinvestment on society, not solve the original
               | problem of lack of economic opportunity.
               | 
               | I'm also happy to reduce the number of school
               | psychologists when teachers no longer have to deal with
               | traumatized children disrupting and endangering their
               | classes. Until then someone has to manage those issues,
               | and as you stated, that's what we expect public schools
               | to do.
        
             | keneda7 wrote:
             | I'm a product of public schools and a state college. Due to
             | my experiences I will never vote to give teachers one more
             | dollar in funding until major changes occur.
             | 
             | I had multiple high school teachers that were checked out.
             | Would watch movies and do worksheets. We learned nothing in
             | their class other than how bad they thought students were
             | now days. Yet they were never fired. Some lasted another 10
             | years before retiring.
             | 
             | I also had multiple professors that would start terms by
             | saying if you have conservative views and you express them
             | in class I will fail you. Had another professor joke about
             | how she found out a student was part of a club she didn't
             | like so she failed him. Often times these were not GE
             | classes but CS specific. Politics have nothing to do with a
             | class on OOP or AI. That is not teaching IMO. I have a ton
             | of friends that feel the same way. Until this issue is
             | actually recognized and addressed I do not believe you see
             | anything change.
        
       | Dig1t wrote:
       | It's kind of funny how both sides of the political aisle have
       | extremists who find ways to argue that being dummer is better.
       | They mirror each other in so many ways and sometimes the two
       | extremes kind of wrap back around to the other side and have the
       | same goals.
        
         | Drblessing wrote:
         | Horseshoe theory supremacy
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_theory
         | 
         | There were three factions in WW2 and the Cold War. It was about
         | preventing the assault of extremists on both sides.
        
         | threatofrain wrote:
         | No, the two sides of this debate aren't mirroring their
         | arguments.
         | 
         | One side (Equitable Math) is engaged in a discussion of white
         | supremacy in Californian math pedagogy. The other side (Moses
         | Charikar, Scott Aaronson, et al) is arguing against a weakening
         | of math standards.
        
       | daveslash wrote:
       | Sorry for being out of the loop and asking a (possibly) dumb
       | question: What is the stated reason that the CMF suggested these
       | changes?
       | 
       | Is it about budgets? Is it because some people might think these
       | classes " _aren 't that important?_". The open letter seems to
       | suggest that it's about closing gaps between privileged and less
       | privileged - is that it? Honest question - I'm not trying to stir
       | the pot.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | I believe the gist of the argument is that when you split
         | students into 'normal' and 'advanced' classes at a young age,
         | the students who are not put into the advanced classes will
         | believe they are just naturally not good at math and will give
         | up on trying to get better because they will think they just
         | "don't have a math brain". Here is a short blurb about the
         | idea:
         | 
         | > The framework would not forbid districts from accelerating
         | students in middle school. It does, however, recommend that
         | middle-school students all take the same sequence of
         | "integrated" math classes that blend concepts from arithmetic,
         | algebra and other subjects with the goal of cultivating a
         | foundation and comfort level with numbers.
         | 
         | > On top of that, the framework recommends that schools
         | postpone offering students Algebra 1 until 9th grade or later,
         | when it says more students are likely to be able to master the
         | material.
         | 
         | > "When kids struggle, they immediately say 'I don't have a
         | math brain,'" Boaler said. "That changes how the brain
         | operates."
         | 
         | https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2021/11/cali...
         | 
         | I am sympathetic to the idea that we don't want to send the
         | message that some kids are just bad at math, but it does seem
         | to be a bit of throwing the baby out with the bathwater by
         | holding back the other kids who are doing well. Even if you
         | keep the advanced kids in the same class, the kids are are
         | struggling are going to be well aware that some of the kids are
         | getting it really quickly.
        
           | npunt wrote:
           | Yep, tracking students into systems like high/low early on
           | makes it very hard to ever escape that track, as they're a
           | sort of self-perpetuating system. That has downstream effects
           | for one's entire life. It's a crude method of personalizing
           | education within the context of factory education.
           | 
           | Downsides are that kids develop at different times, have
           | different educational needs, have home life issues that can
           | temporarily derail progress, etc and if those happen around
           | the time kids are getting tracked, they may not reach their
           | full potential.
           | 
           | A good education system would offer students a way to rise up
           | whenever they're ready to rise up, let them learn at their
           | pace, focus on mastery, build upon knowledge gained rather
           | than schedule followed, etc. There's a lot of edtech out
           | there that incorporate these concepts but school models
           | struggle to integrate it into the (literally) old school way
           | they operate. It's quite difficult to reorient school around
           | these new concepts at scale, it has to be done school-by-
           | school, leader-by-leader, school board by school board.
           | 
           | Agree its complex, as it may be the 'best of the worst'
           | option for certain contexts. Anything involving balancing
           | equity/access/etc is like that.
        
             | ceeplusplus wrote:
             | From what I've seen there are three major problems with
             | edtech that gives a personalized education:
             | 
             | 1) A lot of K-8 education is babysitting. If you let kids
             | do their own thing they'll just watch YouTube and play
             | Roblox instead. Most kids are not _that_ self motivated at
             | this point in life. It's hard for teachers to manage a
             | classroom if everyone is working on different things.
             | 
             | 2) Staring at a computer screen is not a great learning
             | experience. A classroom is an interactive, social
             | experience with active feedback. It's hard to socialize
             | when the kid next to you is not working on the same
             | activity or problems you are.
             | 
             | 3) Personalizing education diminishes the importance of
             | teachers in the classroom, which teachers unions obviously
             | oppose. Teachers can't teach if every kid is learning
             | something different, and online education strongly promotes
             | winner-take-all dynamics where the best teacher and content
             | can scale up infinitely and dominate.
             | 
             | Out of all these I think 2) and 3) are the hardest problems
             | to solve and whoever solves them is going to meaningfully
             | advance education. But I'm not very convinced by the
             | startups I'm seeing in this space that anyone has solved it
             | yet.
        
               | npunt wrote:
               | Yeah we're early on in really nailing the formula. Butts
               | in seats staring at screens doing single player
               | activities isn't a particularly compelling education
               | environment nor one children are accustomed to
               | biologically. We need more embodied, social,
               | psychologically safe, and intrinsically motivating
               | learning environments, and I don't think the enabling
               | technologies and designs have yet emerged to fully
               | satisfy these needs.
               | 
               | That said some of these programs have solid learning
               | science foundations and good outcomes. Teachers roles
               | necessarily change to 'guide on the side' and motivator,
               | there's a lot more there to go into but basically it'll
               | take time.
        
             | ThrustVectoring wrote:
             | Another non-obvious problem is that you can get mis-tracked
             | too low _even on the highest track_. It happened to me.
             | There was an assessment test on entering middle school for
             | how many classes up you got shifted, I went into the
             | highest bucket with 4 other kids. Last year of middle
             | school we had to get bussed into the local high school for
             | math education and back for everything else.
             | 
             | I was not seriously challenged and felt like math classes
             | wasted my time.
        
           | commandlinefan wrote:
           | > we don't want to send the message that some kids are just
           | bad at math
           | 
           | But some kids _are_ just bad at math. Some kids are bad at
           | sports, music, dance, etc. Some kids are good at some things
           | and kids are good at different things.
        
             | cortesoft wrote:
             | Yes, some kids are bad at math... but they could be better
             | than they are.
             | 
             | Let's use your example of sports, for example. Yes, no
             | matter how much I train and practice running, I will never
             | be as fast as Usain Bolt... but I sure will be faster than
             | if I didn't practice at all.
        
               | commandlinefan wrote:
               | Yes, that's correct. So you (and I) should be taking
               | remedial running and Usain should be taking AP running.
        
           | acomjean wrote:
           | I was in the "middle" tier math program in high school. But
           | around sophomore year I wanted to get more into
           | science/engineering but you can't switch tiers or catch up to
           | those ahead of you, no matter if you're making extra effort
           | and doing well. It was frustrating.
           | 
           | In my case I got a letter about summer school at a local
           | university. So I pre-calced over summer school to get moved
           | into calculus in high school. It honestly changed my path. I
           | get having tiers, but once placed into one its hard to move.
           | If I wasn't self motivated, and had the opportunity to try I
           | would be in a different place.
        
             | digisign wrote:
             | Nice work. However you say you couldn't switch tiers but in
             | the next paragraph you did find a way. So, it sounds like
             | you can.
        
               | PebblesRox wrote:
               | I read it as an unspoken "within the school system." It
               | seems reasonable to expect schools to include a path for
               | changing tiers if they put such a system in place, rather
               | than leaving it up to students to find a workaround.
               | 
               | My school supported me in taking trig as an independent
               | study over the summer (with a textbook and slides from
               | one of the teachers plus a few meetings as needed.) This
               | let me take AP Calc senior year; otherwise I would have
               | missed that opportunity due to being placed in the wrong
               | math class freshman year.
        
             | pishpash wrote:
             | Many public schools take local college credits. There is
             | always a path.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | My school allowed changing tiers, and I am very grateful
             | that it did. I had a bad year in my early teens with some
             | mental health stuff, and spent my first year in high school
             | with kids who needed much more time and practice to get a
             | handle on concepts than I did. If I had been forced to stay
             | in those tracks, my life would have taken a drastically
             | different course, as I didn't really need to work to learn.
             | Getting bumped into a higher tier challenged me, and that
             | challenge is what prepared me for college.
             | 
             | Had I gone into college without that work ethic, I almost
             | certainly would have failed out early.
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | Why wouldn't you just let everyone take the same class and
           | the same exams, but let the kids who have interest do extra
           | work? Want to do calculus a year early? Here's the book,
           | here's the exercises, why would I stop you?
        
             | cool_dude85 wrote:
             | What you suggest is already the case. The book and
             | exercises are "here" for you to do, nobody to stop you.
             | It's called the internet. The calculus police doesn't come
             | get you if you're reading a calc book in 10th grade. It's
             | just that you don't have any way of getting instruction or
             | school credit - so you are very unlikely to be successful,
             | and not very likely to have your university credit you as
             | having mastered the material without taking a college
             | class.
        
               | throwawayboise wrote:
               | Any high schooler can take the AP calculus test and earn
               | credit, no?
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | nafix wrote:
           | Sounds like more woke nonsense. Sounds nice and easy to a
           | layman from a super high level but not practical or put
           | through any kind of rigorous rational thought.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | > Sounds like more woke nonsense
             | 
             | You are right that this is a lot of nonsense. Specifically,
             | 'you aren't good at math/math is hard' is the nonsense meme
             | that gets hammered into student heads so frequently during
             | school that most of them actually start to believe it.
             | 
             | It's not some kind of novel woke nonsense, though, it's how
             | math instruction on this continent has been happening over
             | the past X decades.
             | 
             | The wokies are pushing _back_ on this nonsense.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | 'you aren't good at math/math is hard' may be nonsense,
               | no doubt.
               | 
               | 'you can be good at math/math is easy' may be an equal
               | nonsense.
               | 
               | This seems to be a symmetrical situation to me. You can
               | absolutely underrate or overrate a person's abilities to
               | do X. I don't see how one is preferable to the other.
               | Both are pretty destructive when taken to their extreme
               | logical conclusions. For example, from the relative
               | underrepresentation of blacks in advanced math classes,
               | you can draw a conclusion that _math as a science is
               | inherently racist /white supremacist_. Such sentiments
               | can be sometimes seen in discussions and I consider them
               | dangerous, toxic nonsense.
        
               | khazhoux wrote:
               | I don't understand if you're saying that every kid is
               | equally good at math. Or, similarly, that every kid that
               | the same capacity for it or ability to pickup math
               | concepts.
               | 
               | Because it seems to me that if you have experience with
               | any sampling of children where N>1, you'll see that's
               | simply not true.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > I don't understand if you're saying that _every_ kid is
               | equally good at math.
               | 
               | I'm not, there are always extreme outliers and
               | exceptions, but I do believe that the vast majority of
               | children can meet the incredibly low bar for mathematics
               | education that is considered normal in North American
               | schools.
               | 
               | I also believe that teaching them to be afraid of math,
               | (and having their teachers be afraid of math) is a major
               | contributing factor for why so many of them struggle so
               | much to meet that bar.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > (and having their teachers be afraid of math)
               | 
               | This is a big one. I was in sixth grade when my science
               | teacher told me that the boiling point of water was 132F,
               | because she thought you added 32 to convert from Celsius
               | to Fahrenheit.
               | 
               | This problem runs all the way down, from teachers
               | colleges to the kinds of people who apply to be K-12
               | teachers. That fearing math is okay and normal is
               | pervasive in the culture and it's not clear to me you can
               | even do anything about it other than implement gating
               | math credentials for teachers that would exclude a huge
               | fraction of teaching school graduates.
        
               | dorchadas wrote:
               | > (and having their teachers be afraid of math)
               | 
               | This is a huge part of the issue I feel. I know way too
               | many elementary school teachers who are afraid of math
               | themselves and struggle to understand it. Is it any
               | wonder the kids they teach don't? It causes big problems
               | when they get to me for mathematics in high school.
        
               | khazhoux wrote:
               | I would agree with this. The standards aren't super high
               | -- from my POV as someone who always excelled in math.
               | But it's clear (to me, at least) that even the
               | "incredibly low bar" is actually quite challenging, at
               | every grade level, for very many students.
               | 
               | Speaking of teachers... my own grade-school math
               | development, decades ago, was stunted by the fact that my
               | teacher didn't know anything about linear algebra. I
               | asked her for help deciphering my "Amiga 3-D Graphics
               | Programming" book, and she concluded that the vector and
               | matrix notation must be a bunch of typos. Arrgh!
        
               | nafix wrote:
               | Like I said, sounds good to a layman in general terms
               | (just how you explained it). But the actual
               | implementation is half-baked, short-sighted, and favors a
               | weak/easy solution rather than something more well
               | thought out and complex.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Ok, so what would your approach be to address the issue
               | of huge groups of kids underperforming what they are
               | actually capable of?
               | 
               | I feel too often the people who play the 'woke nonsense'
               | card think that we should just allow the current failings
               | to continue, and any work to help struggling groups is
               | wrong.
        
               | woojoo666 wrote:
               | Wouldn't cutting out high level math courses make _even
               | more_ kids underperform below what they are capable of?
               | 
               | The cited issue was that higher level math courses were
               | making other students feel like they weren't cut out for
               | math. So it seems more like the issue is a mindset one.
               | They shouldn't be looking at better performing kids and
               | think "I can never do that". We should be instilling a
               | better growth mindset to these kids, so they understand
               | that they can overcome their inabilities.
               | 
               | The "woke" solution of removing high level courses
               | actually achieves the opposite. It reinforces the idea
               | that such a level is inachievable for some people so it
               | should be cut out for all people.
        
               | twofornone wrote:
               | >You are right that this is a lot of nonsense.
               | Specifically, 'you aren't good at math/math is hard' is
               | the nonsense meme that gets hammered into student heads
               | so frequently during school that most of them actually
               | start to believe it.
               | 
               | No, the nonsense is the idea that we are all cut out for
               | math. That's the fundamental underpinning behind the
               | "wokies" push for equity, a silent conflation of equality
               | of opportunity with equality of outcome based on the
               | totally untrue premise that we are all equally capable
               | given identical environments.
               | 
               | The only possible resolution to this goal, given the
               | obvious uneven distribution of innate human ability, is
               | the handicapping of those who are capable, because there
               | fundamentally is no way to boost those at the bottom to
               | match the middle and top.
               | 
               | And I don't think people understand how dangerously
               | pervasive this mindset has become, as it is also the
               | foundation for diversity and inclusion in the workplace,
               | the equally misguided idea that given equal opportunity
               | all demographics would see equal representation in a true
               | meritocracy.
        
               | HelloMcFly wrote:
               | > No, the nonsense is the idea that we are all cut out
               | for math.
               | 
               | I think the nonsense is making a decision about who is
               | and isn't cut-out for math at such a young age, and
               | keeping them hemmed into that path for the duration of
               | their education. That's not merely _recognizing_ the top,
               | middle, and bottom - it 's creating it.
               | 
               | I see that as a worthy thing to try to avoid. I also
               | think we should strive to avoid falsely concluding that
               | all persons are equally capable.
               | 
               | But every decision is one that creates tradeoffs. I don't
               | know what should be done. I'm an observer on this topic,
               | and I think there's a lot of hubris in this thread from
               | others oh so certain they know what's best.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | What's the longest we can go without streaming and still
               | meet reasonable targets? The people designing this
               | curriculum seem to say they can't get rid of streaming
               | without dramatically lowering the bar.
               | 
               | This means an informed discussion needs to be had about
               | the costs of lowering the bar against the costs of early
               | streaming. I think people are rather strongly against
               | lowering the bar to the point of effectively removing
               | calculus from high school based on the general reaction
               | in this thread.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > The people designing this curriculum seem to say they
               | can't get rid of streaming without dramatically lowering
               | the bar.
               | 
               | If over twelve years of math instruction you can't figure
               | out how to teach the average child algebra, trigonometry,
               | logarithms, and the very basics of calculus, I would
               | advise the educators to look into why their peers in
               | other countries are managing to accomplish these feats.
               | 
               | But, of course, it's easier to just throw your hands up
               | into the air, and just bifurcate people at Grade 7 into
               | 'good math' and 'bad math' tracks.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | > If over twelve years of math instruction you can't
               | figure out how to teach the average child algebra,
               | trigonometry, logarithms, and the very basics of
               | calculus, I would advise the educators to look into why
               | their peers in other countries are managing to accomplish
               | these feats.
               | 
               | You think they're doing it with "Common Core" and
               | "ethnic" rainforest math, let alone this new "data
               | science" insanity? You couldn't be more mistaken on that.
               | Take a look at the popular Russian and Singapore Math.
               | Not even the smallest trace of the failing "progressive
               | education" thinking, just a lot of solid, high-quality,
               | direct, rigorous, focused teaching.
        
               | jimmygrapes wrote:
               | Perhaps a simple solution is worth a try: publicly
               | praise/acknowledge those who excel, while also teaching
               | that it's okay to not be at that level [yet]. Encourage
               | peer mentorship, so that the more advanced ones can help
               | someone who struggles. For the outliers who are
               | absolutely stuck in the "I don't care" mindset, apply
               | additional resources to find alternate ways to make the
               | material matter to that individual (practical examples,
               | scenarios, hands-on application, etc.). Ask other
               | students who _are_ interested what real world uses they
               | can think of for the material /topic/equation/concept. If
               | something works, consider implementing that method for
               | the entire class earlier on for the next class.
               | 
               | This is where the goalposts generally get shifted toward
               | teacher resources and/or pay. That's fine to discuss as
               | well, but likely not a significant factor for the above
               | suggestions.
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Can't we agree that both extremes are wrong? While I
               | agree that it is wrong to assume there is no such thing
               | as innate human ability, and it is wrong to assume
               | everyone can achieve equally, you seem to be arguing the
               | opposite; that there is nothing that can be done to
               | improve achievement for those who are struggling.
               | 
               | This simply isn't true. There are things that can be done
               | to improve the outcome for students, and we should
               | continue to work to try to improve the success of all
               | students. This doesn't mean that you expect everyone to
               | achieve equally, just that you can help people achieve
               | more than they would have without the help.
               | 
               | I also find this argument a bit paradoxical; if you truly
               | believe that innate ability is the only determining
               | factor for how well students do, then why do you worry
               | about handicapping those who are capable? It shouldn't
               | matter if we force them into classes they are too
               | advanced for, since how we educate them doesn't matter
               | and only natural talent matters.
               | 
               | It seems that you believe schooling does affect
               | achievement, since you want to make sure we aren't
               | holding back the high achievers, yet you are saying at
               | the same time we shouldn't worry about how we educate the
               | low achievers because they are stuck where they are no
               | matter what. You can't argue that it matters for high
               | achievers but not for low achievers, that doesn't make
               | any sense.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | rajin444 wrote:
           | > That changes how the brain operates.
           | 
           | I didn't think our understanding of the brain was that
           | advanced yet. AFAIK we run some experiments and observe
           | results, but we can't explain why those results were
           | observed.
           | 
           | Which is useful and awesome from a learning perspective, but
           | extremely worrying we use it to craft public policy.
        
           | fn-mote wrote:
           | > "When kids struggle, they immediately say 'I don't have a
           | math brain,'" Boaler said. "That changes how the brain
           | operates."
           | 
           | This really jumped out at me.
           | 
           | I didn't read any context, but students CAN and SHOULD learn
           | to struggle. Productively. Without thinking they are failing.
           | 
           | Imagine you thought everything should come easily? That's not
           | my experience in the world.
           | 
           | The fact that students (are reported to) shut down when faced
           | with difficulty is a failing of the educational system and
           | something that should be worked against.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > I didn't read any context, but students CAN and SHOULD
             | learn to struggle. Productively. Without thinking they are
             | failing.
             | 
             | Unproductive struggling with math is the natural
             | consequence of substandard math education, such as is
             | encouraged by the unscientific and arguably insane notion
             | (which is however common throughout the Education field)
             | that all students can simply be expected to "learn their
             | math by themselves", and therefore have no need for actual,
             | focused and direct teaching of that subject.
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | From my understanding, they revisit this framework every 8
         | years. California is doing poorly in 8th grade math scores, so
         | I think they want to make changes to improve that.
        
           | adamomada wrote:
           | Goodhart's law In action?
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | It seems like such a bonehead solution to the problem. Of
           | course if you're doing poorly in math scores, you can make
           | math easier in the hope to increase scores.
           | 
           | It's sad that the state is proposing these changes. I
           | remember in school there were kids who argued "algebra is
           | stupid, who needs it, why waste time" and there were one or
           | two sympathetic teachers who would respond "well, I rarely
           | have to use algebra to balance my checkbook" or something
           | silly. It seems like those kids have grown up, gained power,
           | and are literally pushing the argument that this math isn't
           | important.
        
             | deanCommie wrote:
             | The person quoted (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo_Boaler)
             | is a "Nomellini-Olivier Professor of Mathematics Education
             | at the Stanford Graduate School of Education" who "won the
             | award for best PhD in education from the British
             | Educational Research Association"
             | 
             | I'm not saying I agree with the proposed California
             | Framework. As a formerly gifted maths student, I hate it.
             | But let's not dismiss the rigorous work of an academic who
             | is attempting to improve education for a public education
             | body for a state with 40 million people as "bonehead" (or
             | "woke nonsense" as another commenter did).
             | 
             | 90% of the reasons why kids say "<subject> is stupid, who
             | needs it" it's because they are not enjoying it or
             | struggling with it and using this as a defense mechanism.
             | Noone who is doing WELL at a school subject dismisses it as
             | useless.
             | 
             | So maybe, just maybe, it's worth evaluating the education
             | process to make it easier to teach kids to give them the
             | foundations that then the more gifted ones can invest and
             | build on top of, and everyone comes out with baseline math
             | competency.
        
               | chmod600 wrote:
               | The path to hell is paved with good intentions.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I believe this is a paper from her thesis work: http://ma
               | th.coe.uga.edu/olive/EMAT6990Sp10/JRME1998-Jo_Boale...
               | 
               | It's mainly a qualitative analysis that wouldn't pass for
               | rigorous in any real scientific or engineering field.
        
               | fn-mote wrote:
               | I find this kind of shallow dismissal of a tenured
               | Stanford professor's work based on their thesis
               | unproductive.
               | 
               | Engaging with their current, relevant work would be more
               | appropriate.
               | 
               | This is exactly what the GP is saying - many of us don't
               | like the conclusions, but just blowing off a whole body
               | of work in a sentence is pretty arrogant.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | There's tenured Stanford professors in many subjects,
               | such as theology. I'm sure their work is impressive
               | within the context of the field. But that doesn't mean
               | it's rigorous or has real world application. PhD
               | publications are supposed to be a serious contributions
               | to the field. This particular work won a major award.
               | 
               | Stop it with the accusations of "arrogance" and naked
               | credentialism. Any of the millions of people with an
               | undergraduate STEM degree (mine is in aerospace
               | engineering) learns enough about the scientific method to
               | distinguish "rigorous" work from non-rigorous work. It's
               | actually kind of an important thing they try to teach.
               | 
               | Scientists and engineers who don't call out non-rigorous
               | work that claims the mantle of "expertise" are shirking
               | their moral obligations and helping to erode the
               | credibility of science as a larger discipline.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | A Professor of Mathematics Education is a role that fits
               | into a woke section of academia and generally publishes
               | woke forms of advocate research. Many people can study
               | mathematics education without studying much mathematics
               | at all.
               | 
               | When the Mathematicians and Scientists are screaming that
               | the policy is nonsense, I'm not convinced by an advocacy
               | researcher saying it's rigorous work.
        
               | deanCommie wrote:
               | https://twitter.com/sfmnemonic/status/1504687870006620163
               | 
               | Can you make specific arguments instead of devolving to
               | shorthand dogwhistles that are completely up to the
               | interpretation of the reader.
               | 
               | The term 'woke' has no meaning, depending on the context
               | it's anything between "We should shame all white people
               | for the crimes of their ancestors" to "We should make a
               | movie with a female lead".
               | 
               | By using it, you leave it ambiguous as to where on the
               | spectrum you fall.
        
               | TimPC wrote:
               | The specific argument is that the Mathematicians and
               | Scientists are screaming that the policy is nonsense. The
               | other specific argument is that a researcher in
               | mathematics education doesn't need to take a lot of
               | mathematics. The inference is that we should trust the
               | former set of people more even on matters of mathematics
               | education.
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | I think the argument (though not necessarily one I agree
             | with) is a spin on what you said:
             | 
             | The current system pushes 50% of the kids into calculus and
             | 50% into 'I hate math.' Of the 50% that go into calculus,
             | 50% go into STEM.
             | 
             | That leads to (hyperbole) 25% A's / 25% B's / 50% F's.
             | 
             | The intent of the new rule is to maybe be more like 25% A's
             | / 10% B's / 50% C's / 15% F's.
             | 
             | The key questions are 1) Is that actually better (I
             | certainly think bringing up the floor is a good idea, but
             | at what cost)? 2) Is this policy even going to get us
             | there?
        
           | leodr21 wrote:
           | Are other states doing the same thing too?
        
         | legalcorrection wrote:
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | This is actual argument that I saw presented as well, just in
           | different words eg reduce racial disparity in outcome.
        
           | burner556 wrote:
        
           | jimmygrapes wrote:
           | My (anecdotal but common) presumption is that the disparity
           | often comes from a cultural / behavioral divide, which is
           | increasingly blurry along racial lines but still distinct
           | enough to recognize usually. By behavioral I mean things that
           | are disruptive to standard teaching, like, during a lecture
           | or presentation, students are spending time on phones or
           | chatting with each other or listening to music or drawing or
           | walking around. General "I don't care, I'm going to do my own
           | thing" behavior. Sometimes the behavior is based in a
           | cultural or subcultural expectation or standard. What methods
           | or authorities do teachers have to enact behavioral change in
           | such cases?
           | 
           | In most cases, none at all. If any attempt isn't derided as
           | racist (or other -ist/-phobic accusations) it's viewed as
           | authoritarian/inhumane. Decades of legal precedent and risk
           | aversion have caught up to education, perhaps rightly so. I
           | don't think there's any chance in hell of going back to
           | paddling and such, so we need to come up with newer ways to
           | enact behavioral change. In order to do this, I think we have
           | to stop being afraid of slights against culture. Unity of
           | purpose, of many one. Diversity is not a strength if there is
           | no unifying principle among the diversity.
        
       | truthwhisperer wrote:
        
       | bawolff wrote:
       | Everyone talking about calculus, but they also seem to want to
       | cut logrithms?? That seems super fundamental to me.
        
       | IshKebab wrote:
       | > as is suggested on lines 1226-1239 of Chapter 5 of the
       | California Math Framework
       | 
       | It's a MS Word document. How am I supposed to find lines
       | 1226-1239? They might want to actually quote it.
        
         | JaimeThompson wrote:
         | Here you go. Multiple methods listed but in short it's under
         | Home / Find / Goto then select the line option.
         | 
         | https://www.groovypost.com/howto/quickly-go-to-a-certain-pag...
        
       | umvi wrote:
       | Just my opinion but... is Calculus an important high school goal?
       | I took AP Calc in high school, got a 4 on the exam. I did
       | Electrical Engineering in college and took college level math
       | through differential equations. And yet... a) I've never used
       | calculus once in my STEM career, b) looking back I realize I
       | never really understood calculus back when I was in high school
       | and college.
       | 
       | I came to that realization a decade after college when I was
       | digesting 3Blue1Brown's series on Calculus for fun and had it
       | finally _click_. Before then I was basically a Chinese Room that
       | was able to solve calculus problems via pattern matching (i.e.
       | "oh, this problem fits the shape of these rules, etc.") without
       | really understanding how calculus works.
        
       | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
       | Ultimately the solution is better STEM foundation at the very
       | very early ages. Universal pre school would probably be very
       | useful. Empirically [edit: n = 1 or 2], it seems that drilling
       | basic arithmetic and then multiplication tables early in pre K
       | and earlier elementary will give students a better intuitive math
       | foundation to do algebra very well. That would enable everyone to
       | go into more advanced classes at the same time (earlier) rather
       | than these policies which want everyone to go in at the same time
       | (later).
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | More and more earlier and earlier doesn't comport well with
         | child development and can backfire by making students feel
         | incompetent. We need better teachers, probably by paying more
         | so more talented people join the profession.
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | Other countries do a lot of "pre-algebra" in the later grades
           | of primary education, when the kids are quite ready for it;
           | "drill and kill" rote methods are generally focused on in
           | very early grades, since they help build familiarity with the
           | sort of rigorous, algorithmic thinking that's required for
           | good math proficiency. This is what Russian Math, French
           | Math, Singapore Math, etc. are built on, and the approach has
           | stood the test of time indeed. The fuzzy "Common Core"
           | approach pushes abstract content way too early, and ends up
           | confusing kids as a result.
        
             | civilized wrote:
             | I wholeheartedly endorse Singapore Math, Russian Math,
             | Canadian Math (this is a thing, check out John Mighton's
             | fantastic JUMP program). ANYTHING but US math.
        
         | FredPret wrote:
         | I wish we did probability with equal gusto as kids. I very
         | occasionally multiply 7 and 6 in my head, but have to reason
         | with probabilities and statistics all day long.
        
           | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
           | Agree. I think getting really good at addition subtraction
           | and multiplication and then division/fractions is the way to
           | go though. Have really strong math fundamentals and then
           | learn algebra and then everything else is far easier to pick
           | up.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | Fair point. My first introduction to stats was at second
             | year in uni though, far too late. By that time I had
             | already done a lot of calculus, which while important,
             | hasn't exactly been critical in my daily life.
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | Arithmetics is absolutely the most important topic to learn,
           | since it is the basis for all other quantitative reasoning.
           | 
           | For example, it is really important to understand that 1 / 3
           | chance is the same thing as 3 / 9 chance. It is obvious to
           | you now since you have done so much arithmetic's, but to
           | someone who never properly learned it they wouldn't be able
           | to properly compare those two and could think that one is a
           | very different number than the other. Without basic
           | understanding about quantities all other quantitative skills
           | become worthless.
        
         | wardedVibe wrote:
         | As a math PhD with dyscalcula, I'm very skeptical. I was nearly
         | held back as a child because of poor arithmetic performance,
         | and really only started to be above average when we started on
         | algebra. Poor arithmetic isn't that uncommon among the
         | mathematicians I know.
        
           | NegativeLatency wrote:
           | Poor arithmetic actually drove me to learn how to program
           | calculators and caused me to be interested in being a
           | software engineer
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | Did that dyscalculia prevent you from learning and attaining
           | familiarity with the standard algorithms? That's the sensible
           | goal of "drill and kill" in early grades, not doing routine
           | arithmetic with high amounts of significant digits.
        
           | chadash wrote:
           | I love this.
           | 
           | On a similar note, I have a friend who majored in math at
           | Harvard. He once told me that he came into Harvard being
           | arrogant because in high school he was always at the top of
           | his class in math. He enrolls in his first college level math
           | course thinking he's got this, but he soon realizes that
           | "higher math", which is largely proof-based, is a completely
           | different subject than what he learned in high school. A
           | month in he bombs the first exam. He went to the professor,
           | who is originally from Italy, and explained his situation and
           | how he was a star in high school. He responds in a thick
           | Italian accent "that was not math, that was computation. In
           | this course I teach math".
           | 
           | The math you typically learn in high school is very
           | important, but I wish that we did a better job of explaining
           | to high school students that what they are learning is
           | completely different from what "real mathematicians" study
           | (although I do think that computation is quite important in
           | engineering, for example).
        
           | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
           | Interesting. I do not know much about dyscalcula. At an early
           | age do word problems make it worse or better?
        
         | usaar333 wrote:
         | There is little evidence universal preschool would reduce
         | academic variance later on. On cognitive measures (though not
         | necessarily social/emotional), randomized trials of such
         | programs tend to show fade-out (no difference between control
         | and treatment groups) within several years.
        
         | chadash wrote:
         | Pre-K (4 year olds) seems a bit young for teaching
         | multiplication tables.
        
           | fortran77 wrote:
           | If you can memorize the alphabet, you can memorize the
           | multiplication table to 12x12.
           | 
           | And you'll start seeing beauty in patters and sequences of
           | numbers. The sooner the better.
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | They do not require abstraction, I don't know if it is
           | necessary but it is practical to teach them.
        
             | chadash wrote:
             | What's the point of teaching kids to memorize something
             | that they can't apply? When I was a kid, schools taught
             | multiplication tables in 2nd grade, when most kids are 7
             | years old. The difference in cognition between a 4 year old
             | and 7 year old is insane.
             | 
             | I'd be surprised if there were any countries where
             | multiplication was formally taught to pre-K students as
             | part of the standard curriculum, but i'd love to be proven
             | wrong.
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | I don't know if there are countries. I believe that if
               | there actually was a unified accelerated math framework
               | that was really emphasized starting age 4/5 then kids
               | would be absolutely fantastic at math.
               | 
               | > What's the point ... ?
               | 
               | Paraphrasing what I said a comment above, you drill
               | addition and subtraction until everyone is good at it,
               | then you drill multiplication, then you do basic
               | division, then you start introducing basic one variable
               | algebra with "move plus to the other side to get minus"
               | etc. The application is using algebra for word problems;
               | formalism can come later.
        
           | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
           | In context I meant get really good at addition/subtraction
           | starting pre K and then multiplication once +/- is mastered.
           | 
           | Though empirically, I don't know about age 4 but kindergarten
           | is definitely not too young for learning up to 12*12. And
           | once you figure out multiplication and eventually mental
           | division, it's not too big of a leap to have one variable
           | algebra with "move a plus to the other side to become minus"
           | etc. The formalism can come later but it's fantastic to have
           | some exposure to moving numbers and symbols around from an
           | early age.
        
             | chadash wrote:
             | Out of curiosity, is that a hunch or are you aware of any
             | schools teaching multiplication tables even in
             | Kindergarten? This used to be done in second grade when I
             | was a kid.
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | You're right, it's a hunch (n=1.5+-0.5).
        
               | chadash wrote:
               | When I was in kindergarten, I used to do math booklets at
               | home with my mom for fun. I learned basic multiplication
               | sometime around then. 13 years later I majored in
               | engineering.
               | 
               | So I'm not saying it can't be done by _any_ 5 year olds,
               | but it seems young to teach this to the _majority_ of 5
               | year olds.
        
               | amanwithnoplan wrote:
               | I'm not aware of any schools teaching multiplication
               | tables in kindergarten, but I did memorize the 9x9 table
               | when I was in kindergarten because my older siblings' Big
               | Kids Notebooks all had the times table on the back and it
               | formed a rhyme/ditty in the local language. After it was
               | explained to me that multiplication was repeated
               | addition, that made perfect sense.
               | 
               | But don't ask me about division, my
               | siblings/parents/whoever tried to explain it as "the
               | opposite of multiplication", which was complete
               | nonsensical gibberish and I didn't learn division until
               | years later.
        
             | ryneandal wrote:
             | My sixth grader and first grader score in the 90+ %ile in
             | mathematics and didn't come close to learning
             | multiplication up to 12 in kindergarten. In fact, the topic
             | isn't even covered until second grade at the earliest.
             | 
             | I think establishing a foundation of addition and
             | subtraction takes far longer for children to master than
             | you're considering, especially since there is evidence that
             | children of this age appear to intuitively view numbers
             | logarithmically rather than linearly [0].
             | 
             | I suppose you could take advantage of this by somehow
             | prioritizing multiplication and division over addition and
             | subtraction, but I think there's too much value in
             | comprehension of linear numbers and addition/subtraction
             | since that is the lion's share of interactions they will
             | experience at that age.
             | 
             | On the other hand, if you're merely talking about
             | abstracting multiplication and division into patterns, then
             | I wholeheartedly agree with you, and there is evidence
             | supporting this [1]. Although pattern identification is
             | already part of kindergarten/1st grade curriculum here.
             | 
             | Ultimately, IMO the most important aspect of education in
             | general is covered in the open letter linked to the OP:
             | 
             | > There cannot be a "one size fits all" approach to K-12
             | mathematical education.
             | 
             | My children have thrived with their current math
             | curriculum, and I know some of their classmates have
             | struggled in contrast. One size does not fit all in
             | education, nor in many aspects of life.
             | 
             | 0: https://news.mit.edu/2012/thinking-logarithmically-1005
             | 1: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15248372.201
             | 2.68...
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | Anecdote: my then 5 year old and I would "practice counting
           | by different numbers" on the walk to school. By the end of
           | kindergarten, she could count by everything up to 12s. In 1st
           | grade, we started reversing it and asking how many 4s in 48
           | and the like, and by the start of second grade, we were
           | firmly in adding and subtracting fractions with different
           | denominators (though, on paper at this point, no longer
           | mental math).
           | 
           | She had (has?) a solid grasp on numeracy. I recall asking her
           | why, around 7th grade, "0.999..." is equal to 1. I was
           | prepared to show some fancy algebra and she one upped me when
           | she said "well, 1/9 is 0.111... so 9/9 is one and 0.999...".
           | 
           | She never liked math though. She spurned calculus.
        
         | BitwiseFool wrote:
         | >"drilling basic arithmetic and then multiplication tables"
         | 
         | I get the sense that such rote methods are no longer encouraged
         | and a lot of the "new math" in Common Core is aimed at
         | approximation and reckoning so that students won't rely on
         | memorization.
        
           | heymijo wrote:
           | > _Empirically, it seems that drilling basic arithmetic and
           | then multiplication tables early in pre K and earlier
           | elementary will give students a better intuitive math
           | foundation to do algebra very well._
           | 
           | This aspect of the Common Core was about recognizing deficits
           | in conceptual understanding resulting from rote methods of
           | drilling arithmetic.
           | 
           | The empirical evidence is the opposite of OP's assertion, but
           | the end point of giving students a better intuitive
           | foundation for higher level math is indeed the goal!
           | 
           | Signed,
           | 
           | An elementary school math teacher who has studied the 60
           | years of math reform in America, internationally, and worked
           | very hard to ensure all students have a foundation to succeed
           | in higher level mathematics
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
             | Makes sense, the drilling that works for one student
             | probably doesn't generalize all. Thanks for your
             | perspective!
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | If you want to teach people methods to solve equations,
           | limits, integrals etc. speed with basic algebraic operations
           | is necessary.
           | 
           | Facility with those methods is then necessary to be able to
           | adequately follow important proofs and gain understanding of
           | more advanced concepts.
           | 
           | I don't know how you would teach people important results in
           | their fields (physics, computer science etc., I'm not talking
           | about actual mathematicians) without those skills.
        
             | RangerScience wrote:
             | TL;DR: algebra != arithmetic AKA real math doesn't use
             | numbers
             | 
             | I'm only good at _arithmetic_ because of making Warhammer
             | 40k armies (true story bro).
             | 
             | I'm good at _algebra_ because I was taught well, on top of
             | a knack.
             | 
             | Speed with basic algebraic operations was very helpful in
             | many places but speed with arithmetic operations has only
             | been helpful in board games.
             | 
             | I don't think anyone here would disagree with your point
             | about algebra, but I think a lot of people such as myself
             | would disagree that pre-K memorization of arithmetic helps
             | with algebra later.
        
               | frostburg wrote:
               | Performing a bunch of calculations for tabletop wargaming
               | is basically the same as learning multiplication tables
               | and solving related problem sets. It should help every
               | time that for example you have to simplify a polynomial
               | involving fractions and similar operations.
               | 
               | As I stated in another post, I don't know when it is
               | neurologically ideal to learn arithmetics, it seems
               | something that would be important to study carefully
               | (personally I learnt before grade school, when I was 3-4
               | years old, but I didn't learn to read until I was 6,
               | something that is often taught earlier).
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | Algebra does use numbers. I learned to move the numbers
               | to one side and the variables to the other.
               | 
               | 10x+7 = -2x+31
               | 
               | Move 7 to the other side (picking up a minus sign)
               | 
               | 10x = -2x + 31 - 7 = -2x + 24
               | 
               | Move -2x to the other side (flipping sign)
               | 
               | 12x = 24
               | 
               | Recover 12*2 = 24 via memorization, quick division
               | (though not long division), or whatever method
               | 
               | Therefore, x = 2. Then I drew a square and was done.
        
               | snvzz wrote:
               | >Then I drew a square and was done.
               | 
               | I don't get this part.
               | 
               | You mean to highlight the end result? In that case, it
               | would, most of the time, be a rectangle (or try to be).
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | I was joking, I meant the QED box.
        
               | snvzz wrote:
               | I know about QED, but I am not familiar with the concept
               | of "QED box".
               | 
               | A cursory web search yielded nothing.
        
               | ludwigschubert wrote:
               | It's a symbol that goes by many names: the tombstone,
               | end-of-proof, or Q.E.D.
               | 
               | "[?]"
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | But strong arithmetic fundamentals are absolutely
               | necessary for strong algebra. I've watched kids struggle
               | with basic algebra because when they don't instantly
               | recognize that 7x8=56, they also don't recognize that
               | 7zx8z=56z(edit: squared).
               | 
               | Edit: thanks to the reply; HN ate my superscript 2.
               | Apparently it doesn't like the unicode multiplication x,
               | either: x 2 ?
        
               | RangerScience wrote:
               | Hmm. Alright, I can see solid arithmetic being good for
               | introducing the concept of a variable...
               | 
               | ...but the only time I ever saw significant numbers when
               | actually doing math was in toy problems that deliberately
               | chose weird, big coefficients, where the arithmetic part
               | was by far the least significant.
        
               | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
               | Good point ... however, 7z*8z=56z^2.
        
       | roody15 wrote:
       | I have worked in education for 16 years and just wanted to add my
       | perspective. Here in Illinois over the last few years the state
       | has shifted its goals to "equitable outcomes". This in and of
       | itself is responsible for much of the lowering of academic
       | standards since it is a flawed (but perhaps well intention-ed)
       | goal.
       | 
       | In a excellent school district in a suburb of Chicago a district
       | goal was adopted to reach equitable outcomes in higher Math. In a
       | nutshell since black students scored statistically lower on AP
       | Calculus this was seen as a failure in the school district.
       | Despite increasing the number of black students able to pass AP
       | Calculus the school district looked to cancel offering the course
       | since Asian and affluent white students still scored
       | statistically higher.
       | 
       | The idea that all races, genders, or whatever categorization you
       | can come up with must have the same equitable outcome is a flawed
       | goal. Education used to be about taking a student where they are
       | and showing improved learning outcomes.
       | 
       | Equality used to be about striving for equal opportunity. The
       | shift to conflating equality with equalized outcomes simply
       | doesn't work.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > Equality used to be about striving for equal opportunity. The
         | shift to conflating equality with equalized outcomes simply
         | doesn't work.
         | 
         | Note that to the extent there was a shift, it took place in the
         | 70s.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disparate_impact#The_80%_rule
        
           | roody15 wrote:
           | "Note that to the extent there was a shift, it took place in
           | the 70s."
           | 
           | This really has ramped up in the last 2-3 years.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | slowmovintarget wrote:
       | The worst thing about the CMF effort is that it would only deepen
       | the disparities between rich and poor. Public education is often
       | the only shot poor kids have to gain knowledge and skills that
       | might propel them into STEM fields.
       | 
       | Do we need to mail copies of _Stand and Deliver_ to the entire
       | California school board? Or am I the only one that recalls that
       | movie... based on something that actually happened... in
       | California.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Escalante
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | john_moscow wrote:
         | Well, why do you think the elites are unanimously supporting
         | the recent equity initiatives? Because in reality they penalize
         | the potential contenders from the rank-and-file class, while
         | the top ladder plays by their own playback.
        
       | iamleppert wrote:
       | I'll save you from reading and get to the point:
       | 
       | It's a lot easier to just move the goal post than to actually
       | achieve the goal.
        
       | idoh wrote:
       | SF CA resident, parent of two school age children chiming in. The
       | direction with math seems pretty dismal, in that as of right now,
       | everyone is singly tracked together for math through freshman
       | year of high school. This results in children who have higher
       | aptitudes[1] to not be well served by schools. The majority of
       | people I know who have the means opt out of the public school
       | system, which probably makes the problem worse generally but
       | solves a pain point for them.
       | 
       | [1] - I take it as a fact that different people have different
       | talent levels for different things, but not everyone agrees with
       | that, and disagreement on this point is a big driver (but not the
       | only driver) in the "everyone gets exactly the same" approach
       | that is trending now.
        
         | 300bps wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Bergeron
         | 
         |  _In the year 2081, the 211th, 212th, and 213th amendments to
         | the Constitution dictate that all Americans are fully equal and
         | not allowed to be smarter, better-looking, or more physically
         | able than anyone else_
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | I'm not sure that would be worse than the current system
           | where the richer American is smarter, better looking, and
           | more physically able
        
             | 300bps wrote:
             | There are quite literally billions of people that are
             | richer, smarter, better looking and/or more physically able
             | than I am.
             | 
             | I'm glad for it. I would never want to bring anyone else
             | down to meet me at my level on any metric.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | It doesn't bother you sometimes that some people starve
               | while others hoard wealth that rivals the gdp of entire
               | countries?
               | 
               | I don't want everyone to be the same, but unbridled
               | disparity seems equally as bad to me... especially
               | considering how arbitrary it can be.
        
               | bendbro wrote:
               | Nobody should care about disparity, people should care
               | about maximizing benefit for every American. I'm not
               | saying it is easy to evaluate this, but it is obviously
               | all we should care about. The existence of gazillionares
               | is fine so long as individual wellbeing in this system is
               | higher relative to other potential systems.
        
         | bpoyner wrote:
         | That would drive my wife up the wall. Our school district in
         | the Pittsburgh suburbs has 5 math tracks from grades 4-12. They
         | just added linear algebra because so many kids were maxing out
         | the available math curriculum.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | And the course is what, elementary row operations?
        
             | dan-robertson wrote:
             | My understanding is that in the US 'linear algebra' is used
             | for both the thing that involves manipulating grids of
             | numbers in various ways (so the basis is implicit), the
             | thing that is a bi like algebra but for matrices and
             | vectors, the thing you have in physics where linear maps
             | have specific geometric meanings (so you care about being
             | mostly basis-agnostic, and you care about how the objects
             | change when you change basis), and the thing which is
             | abstract algebra for vector spaces and so on.
             | 
             | When I was in school in the U.K. we did the first and
             | second things, including eg multiplying matrices,
             | eigenstuff, diagonalising them, inverting small matrices,
             | some determinant/cross product stuff, and we maybe did the
             | thing where you solve a first order linear ODE system by
             | converting to matrix exponentiation, though I don't quite
             | remember. I think we just called it vectors and matrices.
             | 
             | There was some useful stuff there. The problem is that it
             | was at a course so close to the leaves of the 'x allowed to
             | depend on material from y' tree that we didn't get to apply
             | that much (related example: we had to waste a bunch of time
             | on silly equations in physics because they couldn't depend
             | on us knowing about the y' = kx ODE)
             | 
             | At university we did some courses in vectors and matrices /
             | vector calculus that went down the practical route towards
             | physics things and useful tools, and we had a course called
             | 'linear algebra' that covered the abstract algebra side of
             | things, where everything was lemmas/theorems/proofs
             | beginning with e.g. suppose e1, e2, ..., en is a basis for
             | a vector space V over F, .... However it is certainly
             | possible that the US terminology (linear algebra for
             | everything) was more common outside of the courses I took.
        
             | verall wrote:
             | Sounds the Linear Algebra for Engineers course I took in
             | undergrad...
        
         | luca3v wrote:
         | I don't know if it's still there in the revision, but in
         | chapter one of the earlier draft of the California framework it
         | said, in a prominent place "we reject ideas of natural gifts
         | and talents"
         | 
         | Edit: in the new version it has been changed to "high-level
         | mathematics achievement is not dependent on rare natural gifts,
         | but rather can be cultivated"
        
           | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
           | Sounds like the author didn't have any.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | quirino wrote:
         | As a student who participated in Math Olympiads throughout
         | middle and high school, having to be on the same track as
         | everyone was downright painful. This type of thing really
         | shouldn't exist.
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | I think I can respond to your footnote. I went to a Catholic
         | school that split us up into separate tracks for maths
         | specifically in grades 4-8. I was in the upper level math class
         | for a year before they moved me. I had a teacher who celebrated
         | and encouraged bullies, slapped children with a ruler, and
         | threw a chalkboard eraser at me from the front of the classroom
         | because I appeared to be falling asleep. When my grades fell
         | the knee jerk reaction was that I was wrongly assigned to this
         | class and it was expected to have below some magical threshold
         | of attrition. The ramifications for me were that my old friend
         | group would no longer interact with me the way they used to, I
         | was immediately bored in our lower maths class, and I was now a
         | "dumb" kid.
         | 
         | It wasn't until I'd dropped out of college and taught myself
         | math, because of the interviews in this industry, that I
         | learned to enjoy math again. My point is that you're really
         | fucking with the social firmware of kids when you do that.
         | Also, reading between the lines of my life, _not being in that
         | upper level math class_ clearly had no impact on the latter
         | parts of my life.
        
       | TimPC wrote:
       | This curriculum has been brought to you by the campaign to import
       | all technology workers from foreign countries.
        
         | Drblessing wrote:
         | Recipe for societal collapse
        
       | russellbeattie wrote:
       | Here's my experience as a parent of a 20yo who went through the
       | MVLA school district in Mountain View.
       | 
       | It's a warning to any parents of younger children: Unless
       | something has changed radically in the past 8 years, your child
       | will be put into a math track in 6th grade: Separated into
       | standard, accelerated and advanced classes. Which track you're in
       | is determined by grades, standardized tests and teacher input
       | after _5th grade_.
       | 
       | This track determines which classes you can take in 7th and 8th.
       | If you were in the advanced class, you will have finished Algebra
       | 1 by the end of 8th grade. This allows the student to begin 9th
       | grade taking Algebra 2, and then extending from there so that by
       | their senior year they can take AP Calculus.
       | 
       | If you want little Suzy to be in more advanced classes, you
       | better be prepared to be the most vocal Tiger Mom Karen you can
       | imagine, because you'll have plenty of competition. As a result,
       | almost no child moves between tracks. And in fact, in my opinion,
       | the difference between normal and accelerated is so little, I'm
       | pretty sure it's there just to give those children somewhere to
       | go.
       | 
       | In other words, if your child doesn't demonstrate math skills as
       | an 11yo, they will unlikely be able to take AP calculus 7 years
       | later without doing something extra like taking summer classes,
       | redoing an entire school year (an option a fellow parent I know
       | took), or extraordinary effort like that.
       | 
       | Even if the MVLA education system isn't exactly the same now, or
       | you live in a district that does something totally different, or
       | even if you're in another state, I suspect this sort of thing is
       | happening everywhere.
       | 
       | I personally was happy my son was in accelerated classes, right
       | up until 9th grade when I realized how this circumscribed his
       | future options for classes. In the end he would never have wanted
       | to take AP Calculus, so it was fine. But I personally felt like I
       | had fucked up as a parent because I simply wasn't paying
       | attention. Planning out your kid's future math classes in detail
       | in the 5th grade never crossed my mind, or if it had, I would
       | have dismissed it as ludicrous overparenting! Had I known, I
       | might have sent him to a math camp or something if I had realized
       | how important the difference between a B+ and an A in math was at
       | that moment. And he my have really gotten into mathematics as a
       | subject. I really don't know.
       | 
       | So anyways, that's my experience. California is such a massive
       | change from where I grew up in rural NH, I honestly can't imagine
       | where to begin to fix a system with so many millions of children
       | from such a varied socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. I
       | barely got my one kid through the system unscathed, and I live in
       | one of the wealthiest districts in the country.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bigbillheck wrote:
       | My high school didn't offer calculus, and now thirty years later
       | I'm posting on the hacker news forums.
        
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