[HN Gopher] Mechanical Watch
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Mechanical Watch
        
       Author : todsacerdoti
       Score  : 3400 points
       Date   : 2022-05-04 15:06 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ciechanow.ski)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ciechanow.ski)
        
       | ThePhysicist wrote:
       | I was curious how he did those visualizations so I looked at the
       | source code. Turns out he codes everything _by hand_ in WebGL
       | [1]. Absolutely impressive stuff. Source code is non-minified so
       | you can have a look and understand everything as well.
       | 
       | [1]: https://ciechanow.ski/js/watch.js
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | Why is "codes everything by hand" surprising? Is WebGL a really
         | shitty API or something?
        
           | donatj wrote:
           | > Is WebGL a really shitty API or something?
           | 
           | Yes. Almost no one uses it directly.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | Why not? What's wrong with it?
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | Here is "drawing a triangle"
               | 
               | https://www.tutorialspoint.com/webgl/webgl_drawing_a_tria
               | ngl...
        
               | lostgame wrote:
               | Holy living crap. I was all with it up until I saw the
               | actual full HTML example. That is an incredulous amount
               | of overhead for what is essentially one of the most basic
               | and fundamental operations in *GL.
               | 
               | Comparing this to Canvas is almost like comparing
               | assembly to C. I'm honestly very surprised.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Though boilerplate is never acceptable, most of that is
               | constant-factor overhead, not per-triangle overhead, and
               | tutorialspoint is not a site you should trust under any
               | circumstances. See my links above for better sources.
               | 
               | If you put more vertices and indices in Step 2 you can
               | draw an arbitrarily complex 3-D object with this same
               | code.
               | 
               | And there's a lot of stuff in GLSL where you can program
               | directly with high-level concepts like vectors, normals,
               | and partial derivatives, instead of expressing them by
               | hand the way you would in C.
        
               | woojoo666 wrote:
               | Using a framework is also constant factor overhead (at
               | least in LoC, which is what I assume we're talking about
               | here)
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Right, and that's what the glslCanvas project I linked
               | above is, though in this case it's _negative_ overhead if
               | you 're just counting the lines of code you have to
               | maintain :)
        
               | woojoo666 wrote:
               | Ah gotcha. Yeah I was alluding to ThreeJS, a very
               | powerful and standard framework for webgl
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Yeah, ThreeJS is awesome! glslCanvas is just for drawing
               | with shaders, not for general 3-D.
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | Yup. This is why my crappy little 3D game engine still
               | uses canvas and not WebGL. I can't feel good about myself
               | and deal with all that.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Yeah, Canvas 2D is great, though it's not any more OO
               | than WebGL, and I sometimes forget to create a new path
               | and wonder why it keeps getting slower and slower with
               | every frame. SVG is also pretty reasonable.
        
               | andai wrote:
               | Neat, you do the math yourself and then render the
               | tris/quads in canvas? I did something like that recently
               | (in C/SDL, later RayLib). I found it amusing that to get
               | performant 2D rendering you have to use a 3D API, so my
               | "software rendered" 3D engine which just uses the gfx api
               | for 2D draw calls ends up using 3D for the 2D under the
               | hood...
               | 
               | There's at least one (great) game written like that
               | though, Need for Madness with a custom 3D engine and just
               | using java's 2D gfx api for rendering.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | I did this in 02007 in JS:
               | http://canonical.org/~kragen/sw/torus
               | 
               | Except that WebGL didn't exist so I just had to use the
               | 2-D <canvas>. There's probably some trick for getting
               | antialiased polygon edges in <canvas> to not show
               | cracks...
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | That looks like a fair bit of boilerplate, and a shitty
               | tutorial with comments that mostly just repeat what the
               | code says, but the API doesn't look unusable.
               | 
               | https://github.com/patriciogonzalezvivo/glslCanvas/blob/m
               | ast... has most of that same boilerplate in a less
               | repulsive form. https://github.com/patriciogonzalezvivo/g
               | lslCanvas/blob/mast... has other bits.
        
               | andai wrote:
               | Now compare it with Flash ;)
        
               | dncornholio wrote:
               | ActionScript was fucking great. :(
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | Honestly I think your examples are both genuinely _less
               | comprehendible_ to someone without a deep understanding
               | of GL going in than my example.
               | 
               | It's a very bad, non-object oriented API in an object
               | oriented language. It was designed for and by people who
               | know GL in other C like languages, not for people who
               | know JavaScript. It is unlike any other part of the
               | language.
               | 
               | The fact that I have to write a shader myself, as a
               | fricken string like I'm writing SQL over here, just to
               | draw a triangle is absurd. There should at the very least
               | be some sort of provided builder for simple shaders.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Yeah, they probably are, I didn't intend them as
               | tutorials but as a better representation of the actual
               | scutwork necessary to draw a triangle.
               | 
               | Object-oriented languages are not a good way to do 3-D
               | rendering. If you want to write pixel shaders in JS you
               | can totally do that but you will have to run them on the
               | CPU; as it happens I wrote a program last week that works
               | that way: http://canonical.org/~kragen/sw/dev3/trama. If
               | you want to run them on the GPU you need a language that
               | exposes the GPU's capabilities.
               | 
               | In essence your primary complaint is that the GPU
               | instruction set is not object-oriented (and neither is
               | your database). Well, you can design your own GPU, but
               | I've got some bad news for you about Verilog, Chisel, and
               | BlueSpec! And you may find out that the real problem is
               | that solid-state physics isn't object-oriented, so your
               | OO GPU will end up underperforming, like the Burroughs
               | B5000 and the Symbolics 3600 (hopefully not as badly as
               | the Intel iAPX432). You'll probably have more success
               | writing an object-oriented database.
               | 
               | However, I do agree that WebGL is a bad API, because
               | boilerplate is never acceptable.
        
               | yiyus wrote:
               | > you may find out that the real problem is that solid-
               | state physics isn't object-oriented
               | 
               | I am saving this quote for future use. Thank you :)
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | Funny, I would argue that the rock on my table is very
               | definitely an object ;)
        
               | indigochill wrote:
               | But even if we're arguing physics, that's debatable. The
               | shape and toughness of the rock are actually an effect of
               | forces between the atoms composing the rock, and the
               | weight of the rock is actually the interaction between
               | the mass of the rock and the earth. The color of the rock
               | is the effect of the interaction between the molecules in
               | the rock and photons (which are themselves wave-like) and
               | then the interaction between that light and the cells in
               | your eyes.
               | 
               | Objects are a convenient day-to-day model in real life
               | and software, but there are more "functional" models that
               | comprise the object model.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Examine it more closely; you will find that it is a
               | dynamical system composed of sextillions of parts,
               | constantly entering and leaving the rock, and that the
               | boundaries between the rock, the table, and the air are
               | very fuzzy indeed. It isn't even encapsulated, nor are
               | its interactions with its environment mediated by
               | messages to which it freely chooses a response; it _is_
               | its environment.
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | Your insight is remarkably well-written. I wish we could
               | see our bodies in the same way, all of the time. The
               | world might be a kinder place overall. Do you meditate?
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Not enough to be useful. But I'm glad you enjoyed it!
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | I don't see how someone not understanding GL first can do
               | anything useful with it. Like, what would such people
               | even use it for? If they need a complete solution just
               | use a plugin that displays some rotatable 3D model. But I
               | really don't see the value of planning for the lowest
               | common denominator in case of a highly specialized domain
               | specific API.
        
         | sha-3 wrote:
         | Yep, that's why the visualizations do not run on my hardened
         | Firefox. I disabled WebGL.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | bananabiscuit wrote:
           | You should considering enabling it for this site. I don't see
           | what the downside here would be.
        
             | sha-3 wrote:
             | And it was worth it.
        
         | notjustanymike wrote:
         | Fun fact, the time and date on the model is correct as well.
        
           | hennybobbu1994 wrote:
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | Are you sure about the _by hand_ part? There 's a lot of
         | repetition, it feels like at least some of it must be
         | generated.
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | I asked him. I was wrong.
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/BCiechanowski/status/1522067904522428417
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | I wish he'd write a post about how he developed these
           | visualizations. How does one even learn how to make something
           | this amazing?
        
             | indigochill wrote:
             | > How does one even learn how to make something this
             | amazing?
             | 
             | I haven't done anything quite this amazing, but I have
             | created other things with minimal upfront knowledge and
             | "the way" is simple: just jump in and give it your best
             | shot with what you already know, identify the most glaring
             | deficiency in what you made, take your best shot at solving
             | that, and repeat that process until you have something
             | cool. You can also use this process to focus what you spend
             | time studying/learning, as you backfill the information you
             | were missing to figure out how to overcome whatever
             | obstacles you encounter.
             | 
             | It does take time, but you know what they say about long
             | journeys and single steps. Sometimes there are no shortcuts
             | and you just have to take a lot of steps.
        
           | emmelaich wrote:
           | Yeah, I'm sure a lot of it is copy/pasted or #included from
           | his other work.
        
           | ThePhysicist wrote:
           | There is repetition but it doesn't look auto-generated to me.
        
         | soheil wrote:
         | Can you point to what libraries he could have used that would
         | have made it simpler? I doubt anything like would benefit from
         | any type of abstraction that currently exists, unless it was a
         | more interactive application that would incorporate user input
         | etc.
        
           | JayStavis wrote:
           | Depending on one's skillset, you could use a dcc tool like
           | Blender + three.js to make _creation_ of these visuals and
           | interactions much simpler. Have a look at gltfjsx + react-
           | three-fiber [1] combination, which themselves are
           | abstractions over vanilla three.js.
           | 
           | With that said, the raw webGL approach here is arguably more
           | educational, so goal achieved I think!
           | 
           | [1] https://docs.pmnd.rs/react-three-fiber/getting-
           | started/examp...
           | 
           | Edit: there's actually a 50 LOC watch example with r3f:
           | https://codesandbox.io/s/bouncy-watch-qyz5r
        
             | soheil wrote:
             | Cool example, but all r3f is doing here is just providing
             | the threejs camera, controls and the text with emoji, the
             | watch itself is loaded as a .glb file, where I'd assume
             | most people would be interested in learning about.
        
               | JayStavis wrote:
               | Yeah, I think exporting a scene from blender as glft/glb,
               | and then using these tools to bring your exported 3D file
               | to the web, is one of the more approachable abstractions.
               | 
               | The reason you'd use gltfjsx (which that example doesn't)
               | is to have fine grained controls for every node in the
               | scene graph. In the case of the watch, this would map to
               | having a component for each mesh or gear, which can be
               | controlled with mechanics/physics.
        
           | ThePhysicist wrote:
           | Three.js maybe, but it doesn't abstract too much away in my
           | opinion, it has a lot of functionality around more complex
           | topics (textures for example), but since he doesn't seem to
           | use those it's probably not worth the hassle.
        
         | abhayhegde wrote:
         | Apart from going to each post and manually looking at the JS
         | codes, is it possible to get them all in one go?
         | https://ciechanow.ski/js/ returns 403 error.
        
           | syncsynchalt wrote:
           | wget will do what you want, with the right flags. Try `wget
           | -r https://ciechanow.ski/mechanical-watch/ --include-
           | directories=js/`, the resulting `ciechanow.ski/js/` dir
           | should have it.
           | 
           | Adjust the flags as necessary to crawl more of the site if
           | needed (omitting `--include-directories` without an `-l
           | {limit}` flag will eventually crawl the whole site, please be
           | kinder to their bandwidth than that).
        
         | panzerboiler wrote:
         | He does it "the right way(tm)". Use the platform. Don't use any
         | framework or generic library. Go straight to the point and code
         | what you need, when you need it. Don't minify or bundle
         | anything, and let the people who are learning and courious a
         | straightforward way to connect the dots, without forcing them
         | into a github repository with 90% of the code unrelated to the
         | thing and existing just to glue 1000 pieces written by 10000
         | people together. Every essay by Bartosz is so top-notch and a
         | such breath of fresh air! He gives me hope in humanity and I am
         | immensely grateful for what he does.
        
           | 10000truths wrote:
           | I mostly agree with you, but I don't mind minification when
           | appropriate, as it can serve a functional purpose with
           | tangible end-user-friendly benefits (less downloaded over the
           | network = faster response times).
           | 
           | But if you want to be friendly to the tinkerers, you could
           | always host both the *.js and *.min.js versions, and have the
           | webpage just pull the latter - anyone who wants the
           | unminified source can remove the "min" part from the URI,
           | while the majority of end users will still benefit from
           | pulling the minified js.
        
             | throwaway2214 wrote:
             | minified js is not greatly smaller than gzipped js, I think
             | the whole minification thing is a swing and a miss and now
             | we have to deal with source maps and shit, and build
             | pipelines and etc                   $ ls -la         -rw-r
             | --r-- 1 jack 197609 330905 May  4 22:56 watch.js
             | -rw-r--r-- 1 jack 197609 152172 May  4 22:55 watch.min.js
             | $ gzip watch.js         $ gzip watch.min.js         $ ls
             | -la         -rw-r--r-- 1 jack 197609 43690 May  4 22:56
             | watch.js.gz         -rw-r--r-- 1 jack 197609 32507 May  4
             | 22:55 watch.min.js.gz
        
               | jseban wrote:
               | > and now we have to deal with source maps and shit
               | 
               | Yeah minification is only really for obfuscation. The
               | small and unpredictable difference is absolutely not
               | worth the ridiculous complex "solution" of source maps.
               | Just the fact that your debugger really doesn't work
               | right, is a deal breaker in and itself, not to mention
               | all the time spent configuring and fighting with webpack.
               | 
               | I don't think any form of "compilation" i.e. bundling,
               | transpiling, minification etc is needed at all.
               | Javascript can already dynamically load (additional) code
               | files when needed, I don't understand why you need to
               | bundle it in the first place.
               | 
               | I don't buy that the http request overheads are so big
               | that it motivates all this complexity, and in the average
               | case a user don't use every single page of the
               | application anyway, so by bundling everything you are
               | always serving "too much", compared to just dynamically
               | loading additional code.
        
               | MrDOS wrote:
               | Of surprise to no one, Brotli does better on both:
               | $ ls -l *.js         -rw-r--r--  1 mrd  staff  330904  5
               | May 01:04 watch.js         -rw-r--r--  1 mrd  staff
               | 152172  5 May 01:10 watch.min.js         $ brotli
               | watch.js         $ brotli watch.min.js         $ ls -l
               | *.br         -rw-r--r--  1 mrd  staff  34461  5 May 01:04
               | watch.js.br         -rw-r--r--  1 mrd  staff  27122  5
               | May 01:10 watch.min.js.br
               | 
               | If I were serving this content, and if my web server and
               | all of my target browsers supported Brotli, I'd be
               | somewhat more content to ship an un-minified + Brotli-
               | compressed file than an un-minified + gzip'd one. I'm
               | sure it's some rule of thumb stuck in my head from the
               | Web 2.0 era, but a JavaScript payload in excess of 40KB
               | crosses some warning line in my head. (Probably 40KB /
               | ~4KB/s throughput on a good dial-up connection = 10s
               | transfer time, about the longest you'd want to wait for
               | even a pretty spiffy page to load.)
        
               | MrDOS wrote:
               | > I'd be somewhat more content to ship an un-minified +
               | Brotli-compressed file than an un-minified + gzip'd one.
               | 
               | Whoops, typo: I meant to say that I'd be somewhat more
               | content to ship an un-minified + Brotli-compressed file
               | than a _minified_ + gzip 'd one. That is, I'd be more
               | happy to serve the 34.4KB watch.js.br than the 32.5KB
               | watch.min.js.gz.
        
               | lifthrasiir wrote:
               | Gzipped JS is generally much smaller than minified JS,
               | but minified-then-gzipped JS is even more so. The
               | minification (assuming gzip) doesn't make a much
               | difference in this case only because the input file is
               | not that large at all and compression algorithms have a
               | natural bias for larger inputs. You can (rightly) claim
               | it is bad to have a JS file large enough that the
               | minification makes a difference after all, but you'd be
               | moving a goalpost then.
        
               | selcuka wrote:
               | True, but it also removes the comments and the
               | whitespace, leading to slightly better performance and
               | memory usage. There are also less bytes to gzip on the
               | server side.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | Slightly, but is it enough to warrant the extra steps?
               | 
               | I don't think the difference is significant enough in
               | this case.
               | 
               | That said, I do think there should be an alternative to
               | minification+gzipping, like e.g. a compiled version of JS
               | that is more optimized than a browser's own JIT compiler
               | can do. Mind you, that might up being a larger package
               | than the JS source code.
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | Webassembly is* pretty much that
               | 
               | * hopefully will be
        
             | kevincox wrote:
             | A discoverable version would be to include source maps that
             | link to the original as well. That way a browser console
             | will automatically pull up the original.
        
             | klabb3 wrote:
             | People measure minification in byte size (unfortunately I
             | guess you're charged by CDNs by that metric too?). In
             | reality everything text based compresses really well over
             | the wire. In either case, importing tons of libs left and
             | right is going to vastly out-size any minification, yet
             | most fe devs are very liberal with dependencies.
             | 
             | Minification strips comments too though, which may be
             | undesirable in many cases.
        
             | operator-name wrote:
             | That's simply not a very well followed (and thus
             | discoverable) standard. Especially for hand crafted code,
             | minifying functions and variable names only obfuscates what
             | is written and minifying whitespace often only has minimal
             | benifits.
             | 
             | In practice this seems to be a lost cause, and links to
             | alternatively hosted source code is more common. Sadly this
             | makes is simple to introduce subtle, harmful differences
             | between the source and what is hosted.
        
               | NoSorryCannot wrote:
               | The pattern is extremely common on CDNs that serve JS.
        
             | monocasa wrote:
             | It's hard to guess that extra assets exist on the server if
             | they aren't being pulled down by the site itself.
             | 
             | Seems better just to have premassaged source available in a
             | repo somewhere, or called out on the page itself for a
             | downloaded archive.
        
           | phailhaus wrote:
           | The tradeoff is that there is basically nobody else that has
           | the expertise or time to do the same thing at a similar level
           | of polish. We're not going to see more Ciechanowski-level
           | posts unless new libraries and frameworks make it more
           | accessible.
        
             | Handytinge wrote:
             | We definitely won't if people are taught that frameworks
             | are the only option and never allowed to just write a full
             | program on their own.
        
               | phailhaus wrote:
               | Nobody stopping you from _not_ using a framework, and yet
               | there is basically nobody else at Ciechanowski 's level.
               | It's not going to happen, you can't expect everyone to
               | become a hardcore webgl expert (have you tried?). If we
               | want more cool interactive visualizations, we have to
               | make it easier. Otherwise, we're stuck waiting for those
               | with the time and expertise to pull it off.
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | Maybe, maybe not. We should do the experiment, though.
        
               | phailhaus wrote:
               | What experiment do you mean?
        
           | Liron wrote:
           | We need a ciechanow.ski explainer for how ciechanow.sky
           | explainers are built
        
             | jhallenworld wrote:
             | Where are the comments in his code? :-)
        
           | AceJohnny2 wrote:
           | > _He does it "the right way(tm)". Use the platform. Don't
           | use any framework or generic library._
           | 
           | Hard disagree. "Use What's Right For You(tm)".
           | 
           | Of course there is value in understanding the platform
           | beneath your framework or generic library, but that's just an
           | extension of "understand what you're using and why".
        
           | valtism wrote:
           | I strongly disagree that this is "the right way". I think
           | that the platform provides low level primitives that are
           | _designed_ to have abstractions built upon them.
           | 
           | Doing it like this has the potential to be the most
           | performant, but it does so in the same way as writing your
           | programs directly in assembly is potentially performant.
           | 
           | I also don't think that the source code is particularly
           | readable for me, and contains lots of magic numbers and very
           | imperative code. I would personally find it a lot more
           | readable if it was written in some sort of declarative way
           | using a library, even if I have to look at a GitHub repo
           | instead of view source.
        
             | jseban wrote:
             | > has the potential to be the most performant
             | 
             | It also has the potential to evolve in the most efficient
             | way.
        
             | the_cat_kittles wrote:
             | it depends if you are doing something to get paid, or to
             | last, or to be really good. only in the first case do i
             | ever consider a heap of abstractions
        
               | noitpmeder wrote:
               | This is so backwards.
        
               | the_cat_kittles wrote:
               | it really depends on what your doing mate!
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | Abstraction is the only thing that makes any of our
               | advancements possible. Not even the simplest of math
               | theses could be proves without a "framework" of relevant
               | lemmas, nor could you write even a single hello world
               | without the layers upon layers of abstractions written
               | carefully over the decades. Sure, there is also bad
               | abstraction, but the problem is the bad part, not the
               | concept itself.
               | 
               | Without abstractions you wouldn't be able to read a text
               | stored on a remote computer with accompanying style
               | information displayed the same on both of our devices and
               | with embedded 3D graphics doing the same thing on vastly
               | differing devices be it a top of the line GPU or a simple
               | low-end phone. Is it not abstraction?
        
               | the_cat_kittles wrote:
               | i mostly mean the _heap_ of stuff people often throw at
               | problems. of course you cant do anything without
               | abstractions. it helps to understand them better though.
        
               | jseban wrote:
               | Well, if the abstractions were peer reviewed and put
               | through the same rigour as mathematical proofs, that's a
               | whole different topic.
               | 
               | The equivalent would be a mathematical services company,
               | who created "free" abstraction packages that required you
               | to rewrite all your math, away from the scientific
               | community standards, to fit their abstractions, and who
               | also made money on consulting and selling books. And the
               | big benefit of it all, is really that they only
               | abstracted away writing summaries of your papers, which
               | is actually the easiest part that is quite irrelevant to
               | your research.
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | But it is not math - we only have empirical evidence and
               | not even much from that.
               | 
               | Who is to tell whether the OSI model is ideal? It is more
               | than likely not it, but we can't measure these things up
               | front, there is an insane cost associated with changing
               | it, etc. Yet again, what is the alternative? We can't
               | manage complexity any other way, and essential complexity
               | can't be reduced.
        
               | the_only_law wrote:
               | > Who is to tell whether the OSI model is ideal?
               | 
               | The current idea of the OSI model was also retrofitted
               | from what it originally was.
        
             | ranit wrote:
             | > but it does so in the same way as writing your programs
             | directly in assembly
             | 
             | > contains lots of magic numbers and very imperative code
             | 
             | Well, we really don't know if the code was written in this
             | form by hand, don't we.
             | 
             | It could have been compiled into this, to use your words,
             | "assembly with magic numbers and imperative" from much more
             | elegant form. We may see this form only because this is
             | what browsers understand.
             | 
             | I am not saying it _was compiled_ , just speculating that
             | seeing pure WebGL does not mean it was pure WebGL to begin
             | with.
        
               | tomc1985 wrote:
               | Graphics code tends to be imperative and have lots of
               | magic numbers. I suppose it's the math-intensive nature
               | of it.
               | 
               | Personally I'm not a fan of the magic numbers either but
               | as I study more and more of it, it's _everywhere_
        
               | aiisjustanif wrote:
               | It was.
               | 
               | https://twitter.com/BCiechanowski/status/1522067904522428
               | 417
        
             | swayvil wrote:
             | On a scale of 1 to 10 how strongly are we talking here?
        
               | plebianRube wrote:
               | 9.5 Your PR will be held up for at least a month with the
               | back and forth.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | > Don't minify or bundle anything
           | 
           | Yeah in this case it doesn't need to; there's no extraneous
           | or unused code or documentation blocks, and gzip (and
           | comparable) compression is good enough, minification doesn't
           | actually reduce the downloaded code size by that much.
        
           | WHA8m wrote:
           | He made this in the spirit of watch making. Super impressive
           | and interesting website!
        
         | tomcam wrote:
         | Holy shit
        
         | rsp1984 wrote:
         | I'm observing that developers these days are quite surprised to
         | see anyone write code for OpenGL / WebGL directly instead of
         | using some layer of abstraction on top, such as Three.js or
         | Unity etc. Few seem to know that OpenGL already is an
         | abstraction of the computing model underneath.
         | 
         | A couple years ago I did some consulting for a company that
         | needed a point cloud rendering engine. Luckily I had one ready
         | to go. I showed them and they liked it and their young devs
         | asked which library I was using. When I told them I used OpenGL
         | they couldn't believe it. To them OpenGL was the "black magic
         | box" and using it akin to having secret conversations with the
         | GPU in some arcane cryptic language.
        
           | bori5 wrote:
           | In my waking up state I read that as "some layer of
           | distraction". How fitting ;) But back to original post , yes
           | his work and website is amazing.
        
             | jachee wrote:
             | When it's time to simplify and/or troubleshoot overly-
             | complex things, I like to use the phrase "The abstraction
             | is a distraction".
        
         | hilbert42 wrote:
         | _" Turns out he codes everything by hand in WebGL "_
         | 
         | You really have to admire people who do stuff like that (I
         | can't imagine that I would ever have the patience to do that).
         | 
         | What I'm mildly curious about is why would anyone want to do
         | it? Is there a demand for such stuff? I can understand it if
         | the exercise was for training people but wouldn't most people
         | who were interested in the internal workings of watches already
         | be familiar with them?
         | 
         | I'd reckon most would be like me in that they'd pulled enough
         | watches apart in their younger years to already know their ins
         | and outs (I've long lost track of the number watches and clocks
         | I've either fixed or disassembled by the time I was a
         | teenager).
        
           | bitcurious wrote:
           | > I can understand it if the exercise was for training people
           | but wouldn't most people who were interested in the internal
           | workings of watches already be familiar with them?
           | 
           | Most young people don't even have access to a mechanical
           | watch these days.
        
           | syncsynchalt wrote:
           | There's little benefit to writing your own asm these days[1],
           | yet we need people who know asm intimately to write
           | compilers.
           | 
           | It's the same here. Without people who deeply understand a
           | tool's input and output, we won't ever write a better tool.
           | 
           | [1] don't @ me, cryptographers and kernel programmers.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | I like that; it's a lot of work but a lot of people seem to
         | prefer to have to make libraries work together than to just do
         | the work, and it's timeless since it doesn't depend on any
         | future frameworks; any issues that might come up in the future
         | with regards to browser incompatibility can be fixed relatively
         | easily.
         | 
         | Would antifragile be an applicable word to use here?
        
           | ojr wrote:
           | I have a WebGL project thats been broken for a few years due
           | to a browser deprecated api, it is not a relatively easy fix
        
       | mettamage wrote:
       | I hope Nicky Case puts this in his list of explorables :)
        
         | freeCandy wrote:
         | There's also a subreddit for aggregating interactive
         | explanations like these: https://old.reddit.com/r/explorables
        
       | mattmoose21 wrote:
       | Interesting to see why seiko calls their automatic line 21
       | jewels.
        
         | tadzik_ wrote:
         | They don't call it that. "21 jewels" just describes the amount
         | of rubies in the watch movement.
        
       | joshwcomeau wrote:
       | This fits into a category of thing known as "explorable
       | explanations". They're an amazing form of media. This one is
       | particularly brilliant!
       | 
       | Check out this site for many others: https://explorabl.es/
        
       | 99_00 wrote:
       | How difficult is it to bootstrap the ability to manufacture
       | mechanical watch parts?
       | 
       | It was only in 2017 that China joined the elite club of countries
       | capable of making ballpoint pens. Is it that hard?
       | 
       | https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/01/18...
        
         | alfalfasprout wrote:
         | Very hard. And it comes at an outrageous price. Independent
         | watchmakers usually go one of four routes:
         | 
         | 1) Source a movement from a big manufacturer (eg; ETA/Valjoux
         | or a japanese/chinese movement) and use it as is but design the
         | case/dial yourself 2) (1) but modify the movement adding
         | functionality, replacing parts, or refinishing it to your own
         | standard 3) Designing a custom movement around specialty
         | movement parts from a supplier like Jaeger LeCoultre. They make
         | some of the trickier parts (gears, balance springs). They can
         | also manufacture special parts on a swiss screw machine. 4)
         | Going through a bespoke movement maker like agenhor. You tell
         | them what you want and they have both the machinery to make
         | many custom parts and source the rest from elsewhere. They also
         | provide movement design expertise.
         | 
         | Actually machining the watch parts isn't the hard part... the
         | tricky part comes in things like hairsprings and escapements
         | which are made from sometimes exotic materials like silicon.
         | Some tiny watch parts are made using electrical discharge
         | machining which costs $$$$$$$$ as well.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | That depends on how many parts you want to make and to what
         | tolerances.
         | 
         | https://www.gearpatrol.com/watches/a636135/greubel-forsey-ha...
        
           | WHA8m wrote:
           | Looks like a fun website to spend a hour or two. Thanks!
           | 
           | Regarding tolerances, your OPs article states that they were
           | actually able to produce them before, but not at a satisfying
           | quality. I don't know what a 'good enough' quality is,
           | though. It's a good story nevertheless :)
        
       | michael1999 wrote:
       | What great work. The only thing I had to read twice was how
       | energy is restored to the oscillation. The text doesn't discuss
       | the role of the slope on the jewel fork teeth. But everything
       | else was so clear as to be transparent. What a loving gift.
        
       | boesboes wrote:
       | Wow very comprehensive & well done.
       | 
       | If mechanical watches tickle your fancy, there is a ton of watch
       | repair video on YT. I particularly enjoy wristwatch revival
       | (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCD80T1s2Za4K682CQDGwEKQ).
       | 
       | A warning though, if you consider to get into that hobby. I
       | tried, it's really hard, expensive (I spend close to EUR1k and
       | that is with b-quality stuff. Good stuff is 5-10x more
       | expensive.) and can be rather frustrating. Finding parts to buy
       | can be complicated depending on your locale, loosing parts is
       | very easy and destroying parts, even when gentle and careful is
       | par for the course.
       | 
       | I hat to put my repair hobby on halt after running out of
       | practice pieces. All now have broken or missing parts. your
       | milage may vary ofcourse :)
        
         | gganley wrote:
         | Love Marshall's stuff! I also suggest their Magic: The
         | Gathering podcast [Limited Resources](https://lrcast.com) for
         | those int TCGs.
        
           | antiframe wrote:
           | I shared this blog post with him and he said "That's the
           | coolest thing I've ever seen". I can't say I disagree with
           | him.
        
         | donthellbanme wrote:
         | To those interested in becomming a Watchmaker I can offer this:
         | 
         | 1. The school route is great, but after the two year program
         | you still won't get a parts account from anyone. You will have
         | no problem finding a job though.
         | 
         | 2. Self-taught. It will take awhile, but it's a rewarding
         | hobby/career.
         | 
         | Every budding Watchmaker should have books. Books by DeCarle,
         | Fried, and Daniels are great.
         | 
         | There are old correspondence courses that are good to. Try to
         | get Chicago School of Watch Repair, and Bulova School of Watch
         | Repair. Hunt around for the best price.
         | 
         | The quality of internet videos on the internet are spectacular.
         | You are lucky to have them. When I started their was only one
         | guy who taught Watch Repair.
         | 
         | Tools:
         | 
         | #2, #5 Dumont tweezers. (any tweezers will do, even the cheap
         | ones.)
         | 
         | Watch back removal tools. You will need various types,
         | including Rolex, and universal tools.
         | 
         | small ultrasonic bath to clean parts. A mason jar filled with
         | cleaning fluid, and rinse will suffice to hobbiests though.
         | 
         | oils. Moebius are recommended, but expensive. Personally I
         | think they are overpriced.
         | 
         | Presto #1,#2 hand removers.
         | 
         | some Radico.
         | 
         | A mainspring tool. These can get pricy. Look for a old set of
         | Marshall mainspring removal tools.
         | 
         | Decide if you want to work with a loupe, or a 10-40x
         | stereoscope.
         | 
         | a band remover.
         | 
         | A staking set. (Look around. No need to spend more than $250.00
         | 
         | A jewelers lathe, mill, etc. come way later. The biggest
         | mistake newbies make is buying every tool they thing they might
         | need. Then again you wealthy boys can go crazy.
         | 
         | Too tired to go on, but I'm in the Bay Area under "I buy
         | Watchmaker, jeweler, amd some Machinist's estates. I'm gearing
         | up to do repairs. I hope to have a website soon. I'm thinking
         | about teaching, but not sure if there's a market for it.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | I was able to get into this with a $60 set of screwdrivers, a
         | $20 crappy movement from eBay, and another $20 toolkit of
         | random watch repair stuff that wasn't really necessary. And
         | maybe like $20 of lube. I would never attempt to service
         | something I wear/use, but for the $20 crap movement off eBay
         | there's no harm no foul.
        
           | boesboes wrote:
           | I probably already went overboard a bit when staring out. My
           | cost where mostly in a stereo microscope and the consumables
           | (mobius oils, cleaning liquids). Oh and maybe I didn't need a
           | timegrapher before having a functional movement haha
           | 
           | Also, almost everything I had to import in to the EU.
           | Importing chemicals is expensive for some reason I
           | discovered. UPS charged me like 3 times the usual amount.
           | 
           | There is a lot of advice that says 'don't cheap out, just buy
           | good stuff'; which is great if you are going to make this
           | really your hobby for years to come. But I feel starting with
           | some cheap tools on a junk movement is a fine start.
        
         | glogla wrote:
         | My favorite video series of this sort is this guy building
         | Antikythera Mechanism from scratch, including making his own
         | era-appropriate tools.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZioPDnFPNsHnyxfygxA0...
        
         | tgmatt wrote:
         | When I saw this, the first thing I did was Ctrl + F to see if
         | anyone else dropped Marshall's link. I have no desire to do it
         | myself, but it's so satisfying to watch him repair them. His
         | videos are great.
        
           | dan_quixote wrote:
           | His videos are a delightfully interesting AND relaxing.
           | Always a joy to watch and very little patreon/shill filler.
        
         | kQq9oHeAz6wLLS wrote:
         | Huh, I recently got into it and, as is my way, I did things on
         | the cheap. All told, including tools and practice movements
         | (and a couple inexpensive whole watches I restored) I'm in for
         | maybe $100.
         | 
         | Here's a tip on buying watches to repair or restore - avoid the
         | big brands at first. Many watches use the same or similar
         | movements (ETA is a big one, but you'll find Seiko movements
         | hiding in watches from the 60s and 70s, too).
         | 
         | eBay is your friend (don't fall for too-good-to-be-true items
         | from India or Pakistan)
         | 
         | Hang out on watchrepairtalk.com and/or watchcrunch.com and ask
         | lots of questions. It's a very friendly community.
        
         | technothrasher wrote:
         | > A warning though, if you consider to get into that hobby. I
         | tried, it's really hard, expensive
         | 
         | Wrist watches are pretty hard and expensive. Pocket watches are
         | less so. When I was interested in getting more intimate with
         | watch repair, I went to eBay and bought up a whole bunch of old
         | pocket watch movements. I've got about 150 of them in various
         | condition, most of them Waltham (easy to get, inexpensive, and
         | I happen to have spent the first 25 years of my life spending a
         | lot of time in the old Waltham Watch Co factory building
         | because my father's company leased out space in it).
         | 
         | Basic tools aren't too bad, just a nice set of tweezers,
         | screwdrivers, and a good magnifier is enough to do a lot of
         | repairs. But you can fall down the rabbit hole pretty quickly
         | with the desire for increased quality tools and things like a
         | staking set so you can replace balance wheel arbors.
         | 
         | I tried to move from the pocket watches into wrist watches, and
         | while the technology is largely the same, the reduced size and
         | increased complexity made it less enjoyable for me. Instead I
         | ended up moving the other direction and now have a nice
         | collection of 18th and 19th century 30-hour and 8-day clocks
         | (more commonly known as "grandfather clocks").
        
           | jachee wrote:
           | I was recently gifted an 1850's Waltham that a buddy
           | restored. Pulling it out of my pocket is now my standard
           | answer to "What's your TikTok?"
           | 
           | This little site really helped me cement in my mind what's
           | going on inside of the watch.
        
         | germinalphrase wrote:
         | If you wouldn't mind answering a question, how difficult is it
         | to swap a dial/handset/movement set into a different case?
         | 
         | I saw a custom mod watch that paired the face/movement of a
         | Marathon navigator with an O&W diver case*. Is a combination I
         | find desirable (as the Marathon bezel is too chunky for my
         | use), but the maker won't respond to emails.
         | 
         | Is it possible that the combination could be " drop in" or is
         | it likely to require significant modification?
         | 
         | *https://westcoastime.com/m16typidivbe.html
        
           | boesboes wrote:
           | That really depends on the sizes, if the face and movement
           | are the same size I expect it should be easy enough. You will
           | need some tools and fine motor skill, but no where near as
           | much as you need when taking apart a movement.
           | 
           | Looking at the two watches you mention, the navigator has a
           | Quartz Harley Ronda 373 movement and the diver has a ETA
           | 2824-2 movement. The 373 I can't find the specs for, but from
           | an ebay auction it seems to be a 111/2''' diameter. The
           | 2824-2 is the same diameter. However, all 111/2''' ronda
           | quartz movements I can find are 3mm thick where the 2824 is
           | 4.6mm. So what I'd expect is that it will fit, but you might
           | not be able to secure it properly. It really depends on how
           | the movement is held in place. Perhaps you can
           | fabricate/3d-print a spacer for that.
           | 
           | Another consideration is the lug stem, that might not be the
           | right size. To long is solveable, to short means buying a
           | replacement. I am also not sure wether the stems can have a
           | different thickness, to thin and it wont be waterproof, to
           | thick just won't fit.
           | 
           | You could probably try without destroying anything (no
           | guarantees ;)), you are not really touching any of the
           | fragile & tiny parts. But you will atleast need tool(s) to
           | open the cases, they might be different, and a tiny
           | screwdriver to release the lug. And I wouldn't count on it
           | remaining waterproof, not sure.
        
             | germinalphrase wrote:
             | Thank you for the detailed response! It's the sort of
             | project I find intriguing, so I'll have to do a little more
             | digging. May end up being beyond me though.
             | 
             | Edit: I see that Marathon does make several watches with
             | the 2824 (which would presumably simplify the process).
        
           | coredog64 wrote:
           | Depends. The ETA-2824 is a fairly common movement with
           | inexpensive Chinese clones, so dials and hands are reasonably
           | cheap and common. If the target case also uses the same ETA
           | movement then it's simple: Unscrew the back, remove the crown
           | stem, drop the movement. Assembly is the reverse of removal.
           | 
           | Where it gets tricky is if the target doesn't use the same
           | movement. In that case, I'd just buy an AliExpress watch with
           | the same dial size and an ETA clone movement. Otherwise you
           | have to ensure your target is the correct size and you'll
           | probably need to 3D print a movement holder.
        
             | germinalphrase wrote:
             | Thanks for the response!
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | Interesting content, interactive, ad-free, and social-media free.
       | The entire site is a great example of how the old Web was better
       | than it is today.
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | Your definition of "old web" includes WebGL?
         | 
         | Stuff like this is a smaller percentage of the web these days,
         | but in absolute terms there's more of it than ever before and a
         | lot of it is higher quality too.
        
       | Teknoman117 wrote:
       | As much as I might like features of smartwatches, my favorite
       | watch is a skeleton style mechanical watch my grandparents bought
       | for me a number of years ago. Watching the teeny tiny gears
       | moving around is somewhat cathartic.
        
       | archon810 wrote:
       | https://ciechanow.ski/archives/ - the blog archive is full of
       | such marvels.
        
       | rabuse wrote:
       | That's it, this is gonna make me pull the trigger on a
       | skeletonized watch. I've been wanting one for a couple years, but
       | never really sat down and browsed, but I appreciate the mechanics
       | so much more after reading this.
        
         | vngzs wrote:
         | It's like a clear hood on your car. On a nice enough car, it
         | shows the beauty of the engine. But on a cheap one ... Skeleton
         | watches can be uniquely telling of the price of the watch.
         | 
         | Worth mentioning, most mechanical watches will have a sapphire
         | back, so when you take them off you can admire the movement
         | privately.
        
       | Andrew_nenakhov wrote:
       | This is breathtaking, couldn't stop reading until finished. It'll
       | be my go-to example of the best possible educational material.
        
       | Linda703 wrote:
        
       | richardlblair wrote:
       | Did not read, but I did play with all the slidey things. They
       | were fun.
        
       | tamiral wrote:
       | This is such an easy to follow understanding on mechanical
       | movements. WOW! From someone who tinkers with watches all the
       | time and has to explain a simple mechanism over and over I've
       | found my resource to send to friends now.
        
       | leeoniya wrote:
       | i'm continuously astounded by how accurate the Omega Aqua Terra
       | is. it will be within 90s over a 30 day period after 4 years of
       | daily use with no servicing. the fact that something mechanical
       | and so tiny operating at 3.5hz can do this is mind blowing to me.
       | 
       | it has a cool [8800] co-axial escapement:
       | https://www.kapoorwatch.com/blogs/through-the-scope-the-omeg...
        
         | andrewgleave wrote:
         | Interestingly, I met George Daniels a number of times (creator
         | of the co-axial escapement). He asked me to record a video on
         | my phone of a model he created to illustrate how the escapement
         | works:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PVhSQ_Azkr8
         | 
         | Not the best video you'll find on it now, but he was a
         | fascinating man.
        
         | vmurthy wrote:
         | Ha! I followed a rabbit hole and found this gem : Listen to how
         | 3Hz sounds like. It's hypnotic https://www.omegawatches.com/en-
         | au/watch-omega-speedmaster-m...
         | 
         | (Search for 3 Hz and click the Audio icon)
        
           | leeoniya wrote:
           | i put on some decent headphones to listen to this and can
           | tell you that at least on my 8800 movement (and the common
           | ETA 2824-2 in another watch i have), this clip misses some
           | important nuance.
           | 
           | both movements have an audible "twang" of the hairspring at
           | each tick -- you can hear it in this video:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lNYCujza8JU. the sound is
           | somewhat different for each watch, since the 8800 has a Si14
           | hairspring and the cheaper 2824-2 is metal. if you want
           | another rabbit hole: [1]
           | 
           | what's interesting is that if you leave the watches on a hard
           | flat surface, like a table or nightstand, the entire surface
           | amplifies this twang, so you can hear it from several feet
           | away.
           | 
           | [1] https://watch-insider.com/reportages/omega-defeats-
           | mechanica...
        
         | CydeWeys wrote:
         | If you want absurd accuracy in a watch powered by mechanical
         | energy (without just resorting to a battery-powered quartz),
         | look into Grand Seiko's spring drive. It's super interesting
         | technology, and the result is a smoothly sweeping second hand
         | (as in it's actually continuous, not merely a higher number of
         | beats per second).
        
           | leeoniya wrote:
           | yep, i've considered that one; insane engineering for sure.
           | but the watch's aesthetics don't do it for me. also, it does
           | feel a bit like cheating ;), if an EMP were to go off, i dont
           | think the Spring Drive would come out okay like a purely
           | mechanical watch would.
           | 
           | another crazy one is Zenith's all-silicon oscillator:
           | 
           | https://masterhorologer.com/2017/09/14/zenith-defy-lab-
           | the-w...
           | 
           | https://monochrome-watches.com/zenith-defy-lab-
           | revolutionary...
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | To be clear, there are literally hundreds of different
             | models of Grand Seiko watches that are powered by spring
             | drive that have been produced over the past two decades
             | plus, with wildly varying looks across the range. It's not
             | just _one_ watch I 'm talking about here.
        
               | leeoniya wrote:
               | i probably would not get a watch model from two decades
               | ago, let's limit it to maybe past 5yrs.
               | 
               | most (all?) that i've seen have a power reserve gauge. if
               | it's a daily wearer, that needle will be pegged to max
               | and basically useless clutter. complications for their
               | own sake are not my cup of tea.
               | 
               | most (all?) that have a date function have the extra-wide
               | single digits, which i'm not a fan of.
               | 
               | (i could go on)
               | 
               | i know it's not one model, but there's certainly similar
               | design language to them (as there should be, perhaps),
               | likely due to the geometry of the movement itself. i
               | havent seen anything wildly varying, as you say.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Here's one example of one without a date or a power
               | reserve gauge: https://www.grand-seiko.com/us-
               | en/collections/sbgy007g
               | 
               | If you do want a date, but it's specifically the font on
               | the date wheels they use that you don't like, then you're
               | probably SoL.
        
       | BadassFractal wrote:
       | Incredible work with this article. I didn't realize experiences
       | like that were even possible in the browser without a whole
       | company backing the effort.
        
       | rotten wrote:
       | This bumps up my desire to build my own mechanical watch using
       | one of the kits here: https://rotatewatches.com (something I've
       | had bookmarked for a while as a possible rainy day project)
        
         | mjard wrote:
         | One of my isolation projects was to put together a watch using
         | an ETA 2824-2 movement from EBay. You might want to consider
         | buying the parts you want individually. Match a case to a
         | movement or it's clone. Find a dial that matches the movement
         | complications and the case diameter. Find hands that match the
         | movement and the case diameter. Most of the work is in the
         | identification of parts, putting the watch together is really
         | just like slapping a small sandwich together (minus putting the
         | second hand on, that... is a test of dexterity, perseverance
         | and commitment, the shaft you have to set it on is ~0.25mm).
         | 
         | Often a seller will be a small time watch maker and their
         | components will all fit together, a good way to save on
         | shipping.
         | 
         | Result: it's become my favorite watch, I wear it every day.
         | 
         | Next project was to use a bunch of cheap clone parts and a 3d
         | printed dial, still working on that one :)
        
           | exhilaration wrote:
           | I'd love to see a picture of your watch!
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | That's very cool.
       | 
       | One of my favorite memories, as a kid, was visiting a museum in
       | Toronto (I think it was the Science Museum).
       | 
       | Many of the exhibits had buttons that you could press, to make
       | them go.
       | 
       | I remember a giant steam piston. That was cool.
        
       | chairmanwow1 wrote:
       | cached version of the page:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20220504151534/https://ciechanow...
        
       | subsubzero wrote:
       | As someone who has been into mechanical watches since I was kid,
       | this article is beyond amazing and explains everything about how
       | a watch is powered with excellent interactive diagrams and cool
       | animations. The author should try to go after other areas of
       | mechanical movement like operation of a car or a plane. So well
       | done!
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | He didn't do planes yet but he did the internal combustion
         | engine: https://ciechanow.ski/internal-combustion-engine/ and
         | boats: https://ciechanow.ski/naval-architecture/
         | 
         | I could post more but just go to the archives and see. Every
         | single one is a treasure and there are few enough that you can
         | read them all: https://ciechanow.ski/archives/
        
       | FR10 wrote:
       | As usual Bartosz with another extremely high quality post, I have
       | one question, in this bit:
       | 
       | > However, when the driving gear can't rotate because it's
       | blocked by the rest of the gear train, the cannon pinion can
       | overpower the friction of that tight fit and rotate on its own.
       | This lets us set time without interfering with the gear train,
       | which could break the delicate parts.
       | 
       | How can the cannon pinion (green) both overpower the friction to
       | slide freely and also be attached to the driving gear (blue) when
       | functioning regularly?
       | 
       | Does this imply that the driving gear and cannon pinion wear each
       | other out every time you adjust the time?
        
       | mayapugai wrote:
       | This is a wonderful article! Thank you to the author for taking
       | the time to write and animate all this.
       | 
       | I want future generations to have access this so I have to ask -
       | how can I back up this page with all of the interactive 3D
       | animations still operational? Simply saving the HTML file doesn't
       | seem to work.
        
       | wardedVibe wrote:
       | Bug report: the balance wheel animation when run on Firefox on my
       | android eventually becomes a forced oscillator, with the slider
       | running off to infinity
        
       | tempestn wrote:
       | > Once the pallet fork unlocks the balance wheel, that wheel has
       | to start spinning very quickly. This is why gears in the gear
       | train have holes in them - it reduces their moment of inertia so
       | that the barrel can accelerate them more quickly.
       | 
       | I think that should say "unlocks the _escape_ wheel ", not the
       | balance wheel.
        
       | soheil wrote:
       | Crazy to see this thing with the spring is constantly rotating so
       | furiously all the time all so just that the second hand would
       | move ever so slowly once a second.
        
       | sakopov wrote:
       | A few months back I stumbled upon a YouTube video of a watch
       | maker servicing a mechanical watch. This started a mild obsession
       | with watch making and I've been watching these videos ever since.
       | For anyone interested, here's an awesome video [1] of a guy
       | putting together a watch and explaining how all 60 parts of a
       | typical mechanical watch work together (by the way the tools he
       | uses are as cool as the movements themselves). It's surprisingly
       | easy to follow for a noobie.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkK6e4tb5Qk
        
       | sebmellen wrote:
       | Just imagine the utopia that would emerge if all education were
       | conducted through web-essays like this. Bravo!
        
         | tomaskafka wrote:
         | I believe that for every Bartosz Ciechanowski (huge kudos and
         | thanks to him!) there are 100 similarly abled people, who can't
         | create essays like this, because they need to do something else
         | to keep the lights on. A collective loss.
        
           | elxr wrote:
           | Sounds like something basic income could help alleviate.
        
       | anuvrat1 wrote:
       | Words aren't enough to describe Bartosz's work, every one of them
       | is a masterpiece.
       | 
       | Twitter: https://twitter.com/BCiechanowski Patreon:
       | https://www.patreon.com/ciechanowski
        
       | s3ctor8 wrote:
       | I didn't know I sas going to learn about watch mechanisms today,
       | but I couldn't stop reading!
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | It's so insane how they figured out all of this. The self
         | winding one way gears are even like a mechanical full bridge
         | rectifier.
         | 
         | How was any of this even manufactured at such miniscule
         | scales...
        
       | wumms wrote:
       | Bug report: on page load, the play/pause button for the stop
       | lever interaction [0] shows the play icon albeit the animation is
       | already playing.
       | 
       | (The div needs the class 'playing' added, e.g.
       | <div id="stop_lever_interaction" [...]>         [...]
       | <div class="play_pause_button playing"></div>       </div>
       | 
       | instead of                 <div class="play_pause_button"></div>
       | 
       | )
       | 
       | [0] https://ciechanow.ski/mechanical-
       | watch/#stop_lever_interacti...
        
         | mananaysiempre wrote:
         | OK, if we're piling up here :)
         | 
         | > This mechanism protects the fragile tips of the balance shaft
         | from braking when the watch experiences a sudden jerk.
         | 
         | "Breaking", presumably.
         | 
         | More generally, am I the only one who finds that the temporal
         | aliasing in the fast repetitive animations just before the
         | balance is introduced looks funny to the point of being
         | misleading? Might be my combination of mobile hardware, though,
         | I wouldn't normally expect it to synchronize to the framerate
         | to this extent, but I'm seeing that it does.
         | 
         | (I appreciate the immense effort it would take to make this
         | account for aliasing with motion blur or similar. I just went
         | "huh?" when fiddling with the speed slider there, because it
         | really was confusing at first.)
        
       | _fat_santa wrote:
       | There's something magical about mechanical watches. Maybe it's
       | just knowing that you have this perpetually winding machine on
       | your hand (in the case of "automatic" mechanical watches).
       | 
       | Also knowing that the thing will last forever, take care of it
       | and it will probably outlive you. Can't say that about an Apple
       | Watch.
       | 
       | If you want a good mechanical watch that won't break the bank I
       | suggest picking up a Seiko SKX (though prices have been going
       | up), a Vostok Amphibia (might be hard with the ukraine conflict)
       | or a Timex Marlin.
        
         | rusticpenn wrote:
         | Not to defend Apple watch or other smart watches, but they have
         | been my dream since my childhood watching James Bond movies. So
         | I love both mechanical watches for their engineering and smart
         | watches for what they bring to the table. We dont have to diss
         | one to make the other feel better.
        
         | CydeWeys wrote:
         | > I suggest picking up a Seiko SKX
         | 
         | Sadly this advice is a little bit out of date, as the SKX has
         | been out of production now for a few years and the price on
         | uses examples has risen above what one is worth (except to
         | collectors).
         | 
         | The newer advice is to grab a Seiko 5*. There's a million
         | different choices, and all the current ones come with the 4R35
         | or 4R36 movement, which are better than the 7S26 which was in
         | the SKX divers.
         | 
         | * https://www.seikowatches.com/us-en/products/5sports/lineup
        
         | Prcmaker wrote:
         | I've been using the same mechanical watch, more or less every
         | day, for a little over 12yrs now. Miyota movement, stainless
         | body, Sapphire window, about $300. In years of machine shop
         | work the movement survived fine, and has one scratch on window
         | from some tungsten carbide.
         | 
         | Has kept brilliant time, maybe a minute a month, and taught me
         | that my watch being accurate to the second was something that,
         | for me, just didn't matter. I started working around pulsed
         | high voltage last year (100kV+) and now it loses a couple
         | minutes a week.
        
           | jclardy wrote:
           | I've got a cheap Seiko 5, the SNK809. Bought for $50 new in
           | 2013, wore it for a few years then it moved with me in
           | drawers for the past 5. I pulled it out last week, wound it
           | up and it works perfectly, gaining just 4 seconds a day.
        
           | cyounkins wrote:
           | > I started working around pulsed high voltage last year
           | (100kV+) and now it loses a couple minutes a week.
           | 
           | Are these two things somehow related to one another?
        
             | Prcmaker wrote:
             | Yes indeed, though not necessarily the cause in this case.
             | While it could be coincidence, magnetization of components
             | can result in reduced accuracy. Some companies have started
             | to release watches with silicon springs, though very
             | expensive.
        
             | brchr wrote:
             | Watch movements are generally sensitive to magnetic fields,
             | and can become magnetized and lose accuracy. Some watch
             | models explicitly advertise their level of resistance to
             | magnetism, for instance the Rolex Milgauss, which is
             | designed to withstand 1,000 ("mille") gauss.
        
               | DeathArrow wrote:
               | Omega has watches that are METAS certified, so they
               | resist up to 15000 gauss. They use silicon balance and
               | silicon escapement.
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | > I started working around pulsed high voltage last year
           | (100kV+) and now it loses a couple minutes a week.
           | 
           | There are antimagnetic watches. Or you can use a cheap watch
           | demagnetizer.
        
             | Prcmaker wrote:
             | A demagnetizer is on the shopping list, but at the same
             | time, a quick adjustment every now and then is easy enough.
             | I also love my watch, so a switch to antimagnetic isn't
             | high on my priorities.
        
           | eganist wrote:
           | > one scratch on window from some tungsten carbide.
           | 
           | Checks out. Tungsten Carbide and Corundum (sapphire watch
           | crystals, the hardest watch crystal in use) have the same
           | Mohs hardness of 9 and will scratch each other.
           | 
           | And I'd guess that a $300 watch probably doesn't use Corundum
           | but rather mineral glass.
        
             | Prcmaker wrote:
             | County comm mid pilot watch, it's advertised as Sapphire.
             | Comparing with colleagues at the time, it was a far sight
             | tougher than their watches.
        
         | jclardy wrote:
         | I feel the same way, I write software for a living and I'm sure
         | an outsider browsing through the thousands of lines of code in
         | my codebases everyday would be confused, but I get that same
         | feeling when looking at a mechanical watch. To think that
         | people were building the first mechanical timepieces 500 years
         | ago, just a hundred or so years after the printing press is
         | incredible to me. How did they even create parts that tiny so
         | accurately?
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | A mechanical watch needs regular service which is usually just
         | cleaning, lubricating, replacing seals and springs. Eventually
         | it will need replacement parts and that is probably the end of
         | life for the watch.
         | 
         | There are a some brands that will service every watch they've
         | ever made, fabricating new parts as needed. Few of us can
         | afford one of those.
        
           | ajuc wrote:
           | My grandma has a mechanical watch she only wears on sundays -
           | to the church. Whenever I was visiting her she asks me to
           | wind it up for her before the mass. She uses this same watch
           | for over 30 years with minimal maintenance, and it's not an
           | expansive brand, just a good noname watch.
        
           | kijin wrote:
           | The parts last quite some time if properly maintained. If
           | you're worried about replacement parts availability, stick
           | with the most popular movements such as the ETA2824/SW200
           | series or Seiko's NH35 series.
        
             | room505 wrote:
             | Don't forget Citizen's Miyota 9000 series!
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | A lot of watch fans are happy when they see a watch brand
             | use an in-house movement. I'm exactly the opposite for the
             | reason you say - the popular movements are going to be
             | easily and inexpensively serviced for much longer.
             | 
             | That said, a lot of in-house movements are little more than
             | tweaks and high end finishing applied to existing commodity
             | movements.
        
               | mickael-kerjean wrote:
               | Ever since I picked the hobby of fixing old mechanical
               | watch, in house movement is my number 1 criteria for not
               | buying because of the availability of parts.
        
               | kijin wrote:
               | Exactly. The flip side of the recent proliferation of
               | "barely in-house" movements is that there's actually even
               | less diversity of movements in the mid-range watch market
               | than the brands would have you believe. So in the long
               | term, it's going to be fairly easy to get any of them
               | serviced. Just replace some springs and gears with
               | compatible parts from a 2824/2892/7750/whatever and stick
               | the brand's pretty rotor back on.
        
               | _fat_santa wrote:
               | I'm with you on this. I see a ton of custom watches that
               | end up using a Seiko automatic movement or an ETA. A bit
               | like Lotus using Toyota Camry engines.
        
               | kQq9oHeAz6wLLS wrote:
               | Not just custom - Seiko used to (still does maybe)
               | provide manufacturers with bare movements, even with the
               | company name on it. That means you'll find "no name"
               | watches from the 60s onward with Seiko movements. That
               | makes servicing, repairing and replacing them much easier
               | and cheaper. Same with ETA.
        
             | yobbo wrote:
             | For example, the size and fit of Seiko "calibers" are the
             | same going back further than NH35, which means far older
             | watches can accept NH35 as replacements. Even sub-
             | assemblies and parts of NH35 fit straight onto 7s26s from
             | the 90s.
             | 
             | NH35 can be serviced, but makes more sense an assembled
             | replacement part. The same argument can probably made for
             | the entire watch. The appeal of using one watch for 30
             | years is more in romantic fantasy than practicality.
        
           | JohnBooty wrote:
           | They last longer if you wear them, say, several times a month
           | - i.e. if you have a rotation with several quartz watches and
           | several mechanical ones. They definitely will last decades
           | that way.
           | 
           | As others have noted, if you own a well-known brand like a
           | Seiko you can easily purchase an entirely new movement for
           | $50-$75 and this should take a watchmaker no more than one
           | hour of labor or you can DIY. (Many non-Seiko brands use
           | NH35/36 movements, which are made by Seiko)
        
             | bmj wrote:
             | Will Seiko provide parts for older watches? I just got
             | stuck with a bricked Swiss Army quartz watch because no one
             | can get parts for it (it's 20 years old). I'm very tempted
             | by some of the more affordable Seiko mechanical/automatic
             | models, but I'd like the watch to last at least a decade or
             | so.
        
               | JohnBooty wrote:
               | Sadly, I'm not aware of any specific "we will continue to
               | manufacture parts for X years" guarantees from Seiko.
               | 
               | Still, though - keep in mind that entire Seiko movement
               | can be bought for like $50-75. And many of their most
               | common movements are interchangeable. For example, an
               | older 7S26 can be replaced with a new NH36 that sells for
               | about $50.
               | https://chronometercheck.com/seiko-7s26-movement/
               | 
               | It's not entirely unfeasible to imagine buying a spare
               | movement or three if you were, say, planning on doing
               | sort of a heirloom thing and wanted to ensure a supply of
               | parts N decades into the future.
        
           | twobitshifter wrote:
           | I have seiko automatic which kept great time when I first
           | bought it, but not long after, it slipped off my wrist and
           | fell on the tile floor. Since then it has been losing time
           | but no so much as to be a huge problem. Would service easily
           | fix this or is it just something to live with?
        
             | elxr wrote:
             | Should be a simple fix. It might just need regulation on
             | the balance wheel (super quick, no need to disassemble the
             | whole movement), or one of the pinions might be bent (just
             | replace that wheel).
             | 
             | Take it to a watchmaker, a fix like this would be pretty
             | straightforward.
        
             | dwringer wrote:
             | It may or may not be easy to fix properly, but if it's an
             | inexpensive Seiko it may not be worth doing that, just
             | replacing the movement when it wears out completely.
             | 
             | That said, simply adjusting the tick rate to regulate
             | timekeeping is very easy and if you've got steady hands and
             | a sharp eye then you can do it yourself with a wooden
             | toothpick, assuming you've got a tool to remove the watch
             | back. Any shop (offering repair facilities) could do it as
             | well in a matter of minutes.
        
             | sausagefeet wrote:
             | Seiko makes a huge range of watches so: it depends. If it's
             | a cheaper one, just buy a new one. If it's a mid-range one,
             | you can just buy a new movement for under $100 and toss it
             | in with a few tools. Lots of tutorials on YouTube.
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | To that point - yes, but it's less expensive than many people
           | think. I got a vintage 1970 Omega Seamaster in very good
           | condition some time ago, paid less than PS1000 for it. It
           | kept very good time, no issues with it, but I decided that
           | since it turned 50 recently I'm going to treat it to a full
           | Omega service with an authorized workshop, paid PS495 - that
           | included replacement original parts from Omega, which of
           | course they still stock and make for this watch, because well
           | - it's Omega.
           | 
           | I asked them how this works, and they said anything younger
           | than 80 years Omega just sends them parts without any issue,
           | anything older they have to send back to Switzerland for
           | service, and yes, then Omega might have to manufacture the
           | parts required on the spot - and yes, that then turns really
           | expensive.
        
           | snemvalts wrote:
           | A solar quartz fits this more. Those don't even require
           | movement or correcting as often as with mechanical watches.
           | Just light
        
             | kijin wrote:
             | The solar Casio I bought as a teenager stopped holding a
             | usable charge after a few winters. Maybe it was just bad
             | luck. I'll see if the new Citizen Eco-Drive in my
             | collection lives up to the 40 years claim I saw elsewhere.
             | :)
        
               | TMWNN wrote:
               | My experience with a very high-end solar Casio was akin
               | to yours, with the battery needing replacing after about
               | five years. Perhaps gambiting is correct about the common
               | nature of the battery, but multiple watch repair shops
               | (both in a department store, and the "old man in a tiny
               | room in an office building" type) refused to deal with
               | it. I always had to mail it to an authorized Casio repair
               | outlet.
               | 
               | I do not know whether this also applies to Eco-Drive.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Solar Casios(I own two) have a replaceable rechargable
               | battery, it costs very little and isn't more difficult to
               | replace than any other watch battery.
               | 
               | It usually is this one in almost all their models:
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0080GQBTU/ref=cm_sw_r_awdo_X
               | X5J...
        
               | onosendai wrote:
               | The first Eco-Drives came out in the mid 90s. If you look
               | around you'll find quite a few reports from people who
               | bought the very first ones, and which are still ticking
               | away virtually maintenance-free for 25+ years and
               | counting. My own, a dive watch with around 10 years,
               | which has actually been used for its stated purpose, is
               | also still problem-free and with zero maintenance so far.
               | 
               | The only thing you need to be mindful of with Eco-Drives
               | is that you can't let it lose all charge. It can keep
               | functioning in complete darkness for around 6 months,
               | according to the specs, but if you do this enough times
               | the battery will lose the ability to hold charge and will
               | need to be replaced, and there are plenty of reports to
               | this effect. If you're not planning on wearing it, just
               | leave it somewhere that it can get natural light, instead
               | of a drawer, and you should be good.
               | 
               | While mechanical watches are undoubtedly cool and
               | elegant, they're not perfect timekeepers, and when they
               | do need maintenance it's not something trivial which you
               | can perform yourself. For my day-to-day watch I'll take
               | an accurate quartz movement with virtually zero
               | maintenance any day. In other words an Eco-Drive, or
               | something similar.
        
           | donthellbanme wrote:
           | Parts rarely fail on watches from the 50's on, especially the
           | better made watches that are sealed. Even those that arn't
           | sealed very well, the parts seem to last.
           | 
           | If a part does fail, it's usually the old blue steel
           | mainsprings.
           | 
           | They can be replaced with modern White-Alloy springs. (That
           | is just a brand name.)
           | 
           | Watches are my thing. I don't know why I like them so much,
           | but do.
           | 
           | Servicing does take awhile to learn though. That whole 10,000
           | hrs probally. Servicing a watch does not take that long to
           | learn. I'm talking about making parts with a Jeweler's lathe.
           | And getting to the point where you know those parts well
           | enough to visualize exactly what's wrong with a timepiece by
           | looking at it.
           | 
           | If you did learn to clean/oil your mechanical watch, it's
           | something that will be passed down to loved ones.
           | 
           | Oh yea, Service a mechanical watch when it stops keeping good
           | time. That is unless you take it in the water.
           | 
           | I know a watchmaker who told his father he needed to Service
           | his gifted wristwatch. His father got it 30 years ago as a
           | present, and just wore it daily. The watchmaker was expecting
           | dried up oil, but to his astonishment, the oil was still
           | there. It was hermetically sealed. Oils do breakdown, but he
           | couldn't find any damage to parts using a 40x stereoscope.
        
         | zppln wrote:
         | An SKX isn't gonna outlive you and once it fails they'll just
         | replace the entire movement anyway.
         | 
         | Mechanical watches are still indeed cool though. :)
        
           | ghostpepper wrote:
           | As an owner of an SKX who doesn't know much about watch
           | longevity, how long can I expect it to last? Are there other
           | automatics that will outlast a person's life?
           | 
           | It still blows my mind that you can take the SKX scuba
           | diving, especially when you factor in the price.
           | 
           | This may sound cynical but as I get older and see the world
           | becoming more and more digital and connected, I find myself
           | appreciating analog, mechanical things like watches and old
           | cars more and more.
        
             | yobbo wrote:
             | I have a 7s26A movement out of a late 90s SKX which was
             | unserviceable, and another 7s26C became unusable after 4-5
             | months of use.
             | 
             | I also have a replacement 7s26C which worked flawlessly
             | [-5,+5] s/d out of the box and a year so far, and another
             | watch with NH35 which still holds [-5,+5] s/d after seven
             | years of daily use.
             | 
             | There are stories of SKX:s which hold good time after 20
             | years.
             | 
             | There are much cheaper watches than SKX (at their current
             | prices) that will withstand the depth, see "Beyond on the
             | press" pressure chamber tests, for example
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ti-GdfGbj4Y
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | If you are going to take your SKX diving, you probably want
             | to have a watchmaker pressure test it once in a while and
             | make repairs as needed. The seals dry out and water will
             | get in.
        
             | jstanley wrote:
             | I think maintenance requirements are overstated. I wore a
             | relatively cheap (~PS120) mechanical watch continuously for
             | about 8 years, and never had a single problem with it. I
             | only stopped wearing it about 2 years ago when I finally
             | bought a smartwatch. It still works fine, I just don't wear
             | it except on special occasions.
             | 
             | If your watch is a sizable investment then maybe you care
             | about maintenance more, but otherwise I wouldn't worry that
             | it's going to stop working in short order.
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | > Are there other automatics that will outlast a person's
             | life?
             | 
             | Very unlikely. You do hear the occasional story of a
             | mechanical watch running fine for several decades without
             | requiring any servicing, but there's a lot of survivorship
             | bias at play there. It's extremely unlikely to go ~8
             | decades without needing servicing. Keep in mind there are
             | lubricants at various places in the movement that are
             | essential to proper operation that evaporate/denature over
             | time.
        
             | mmcgaha wrote:
             | My father's Seiko from the late 70s still keeps time at
             | around 30 seconds per day. It has never been serviced so I
             | am sure it is bone dry and really should not be run. I
             | regularly wear a 2015 Seiko that used to be 8 seconds per
             | day fast but has fallen to 5 seconds per day slow so it is
             | probably time to service it. My two newest watches are from
             | 2017 and 2021 and they are consistent since break in. So
             | given my limited number of data points, I would say 5-7
             | years between service but if you just want to wear it until
             | it dies, 10+ years is probably reasonable.
             | 
             | On a side note, I have read about 40 year old Seikos being
             | worn daily without service but that sure feels outside of
             | the norm.
        
             | kijin wrote:
             | Mechanical watches can last a lifetime (or more) if
             | properly maintained and periodically serviced, just like
             | old cars.
             | 
             | People all over the world pass down their Rolexes and
             | Omegas, still ticking, to their children and even
             | grandchildren. Patek Philippe is well known for their
             | slogan, "You never actually own a Patek Philippe. You
             | merely look after it for the next generation," showing
             | confidence in the longevity of their watches.
             | 
             | Of course those are very expensive brands, but I think part
             | of what makes expensive watches last longer is that their
             | owners take good care of them. Few people bother to get
             | their SKX checked up on a regular schedule, on the other
             | hand, because they're so cheap and easily replaceable by
             | first-world standards.
        
               | approxim8ion wrote:
               | They also cost a ton to service. It's nice if the
               | sentiment of carrying something through the years appeals
               | to you, but the thing that keeps me away from mechanical
               | watches is the service costs compared to the odd battery
               | replacement on a quartz.
        
         | iamben wrote:
         | Agree with you so much. It still feels absolutely magical
         | wearing one. The SKX007 was my first automatic watch and I wore
         | it daily for 10 years. Incredible thing.
        
           | karolist wrote:
           | Still love my SKX007J though I don't wear it as much once I
           | got in the habit of step counting, maybe I should start
           | wearing two watches...
        
           | _fat_santa wrote:
           | I actually have an SKX013 which I like wayyy more than the
           | 007. Basically the same watch but that 39MM size is perfect.
        
             | iamben wrote:
             | I wear a 39mm watch as my daily now. I agree - fantastic
             | size!
        
         | domh wrote:
         | I have a couple of Seiko automatic watches, but I recently
         | picked up an SNK809 as a new daily driver:
         | https://www.benswatchclub.com/blog/seiko-5-military-review. For
         | PS120/$130, it's cheap enough to wear every day and it looks
         | great. The amount of mechanical complexity and engineering that
         | goes into it for that price is mind blowing.
        
         | NoGravitas wrote:
         | I have an automatic mechanical watch - a Seiko 5. It loses
         | about 5 minutes a day. It might only need an adjustment to
         | calibrate it, but that would require a watchmaker. I think the
         | last one in town just went out of business, and even if he
         | hadn't, the cost of his labor would be greater than the cost of
         | the watch.
        
           | yobbo wrote:
           | > It loses about 5 minutes a day
           | 
           | This suggests it's completely out of spec, and maybe beyond
           | saving. However, regulating functioning Seiko movements is
           | certainly within reach for enthusiasts using a timegrapher
           | device, or software with a microphone. Persistently adjusting
           | over a few days, it should be able to get within -10,+10
           | seconds per day.
           | 
           | The timegrapher will also reveal the condition of the
           | movement and whether further work is worthwhile. Servicing
           | these movements is likely more expensive than replacing them.
        
           | Ancapistani wrote:
           | It's not hard to make the adjustment, but you need a
           | timegrapher to measure the results in a reasonable time.
           | 
           | I've adjusted a couple of my watches over the course of a
           | week or two by making small adjustments, noting the time,
           | wearing it for a day, and then noting how much the time had
           | changed versus a "known good" time. It's a pain but doable.
           | 
           | There are mobile apps that use the phone's microphone to
           | measure the watch's "ticks" and graph them for you. They
           | aren't anywhere near as accurate as a "real" timegrapher but
           | they'll get you close enough.
           | 
           | At one point I had about a dozen mechanical watches. These
           | days I have three, and only one that I wear almost
           | exclusively. It's a Maratac Mid-Pilot, which uses a Miyota
           | 8245 movement. I've used the "adjust and check later" method
           | to adjust it, and it loses about 10s per week - well within
           | the acceptable range.
           | 
           | The other two that I've kept are a Seagull 1963, which I wear
           | as a "dress watch", and a Vostok Retro 1934, which I
           | sometimes wear when I want a change of pace. It has a white
           | face and I have a variety of brightly-colored straps for it.
           | 
           | One day I'll step up and buy a Hamilton, but I'm still
           | savoring the serotonin from looking at them and anticipating
           | :).
        
             | hoseja wrote:
             | Why wouldn't they be accurate? You have a fairly precise
             | 44kHz sampling rate, the only issue might be identifying
             | the ticks.
        
             | CydeWeys wrote:
             | > but you need a timegrapher to measure the results in a
             | reasonable time.
             | 
             | This is just an app now. All a timegrapher is is a
             | microphone and software, and, well, your phone has all
             | that. This is the app I use; I highly recommend it: https:/
             | /play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.watchaccur...
        
               | kQq9oHeAz6wLLS wrote:
               | Tickoprint is another app for android that works great
        
         | bluetomcat wrote:
         | > Maybe it's just knowing that you have this perpetually
         | winding machine on your hand
         | 
         | It's a mechanical device which stores energy in a spring
         | barrel, and consumes it through a set of gears to produce
         | constant velocity motion.
        
         | sparker72678 wrote:
         | This rings especially true when you live and work in an
         | ephemeral digital environment. I find mechanical devices of all
         | kinds _grounding_. No batteries, no upgrades, no security
         | vulnerabilities, no dependency hell.
        
         | rkangel wrote:
         | I keep considering a mechanical watch, but I think I'd find the
         | accuracy a bit tedious - having to continually adjust it every
         | week so that I didn't arrive late to appointments.
         | 
         | I like a watch that gets out of the way - it just works. I've
         | got a Citizen watch a little like this:
         | https://www.citizenwatch.co.uk/stiletto-ar1130-81a.html
         | 
         | It's a quartz watch, powered by solar power through the face.
         | It has 'just worked' for as long as I've had it. From an
         | accuracy point of view, it loses negligible amounts over the
         | several month interval between me being forced to adjust it
         | anyway (daylight savings, international travel).
        
           | alfalfasprout wrote:
           | It depends on the movement in the watch. Any COSC chronometer
           | movement will hold +4/-6s per day which worst case is under a
           | minute lost per week. Typically the error is much smaller.
        
           | 93po wrote:
           | You can always get a spring drive from grand seiko - it's
           | mechanical (with an "brake" driven by an integrated circuit,
           | but still no battery) but basically only gets a few seconds
           | off per year. Lowest price point for those is like $5k
           | though.
        
             | rkangel wrote:
             | I do love Seiko watches. That's probably a little steep for
             | me but I'll have a look!
        
           | therealplato wrote:
           | you can expect a quality automatic movement (imo seiko is
           | lowest end of quality) to be off on the order of single digit
           | minutes per month
        
       | esaym wrote:
       | If this makes you think mechanical watches are cool but you don't
       | really want to wear one.. you can go the other direction. Ebay is
       | full of old mechanical driven (be it pendulum or wound springs)
       | wall clocks that are looking for new owners.
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | Certainly a labor of love. Well done!
        
       | tokujin wrote:
       | How can I save the page with the interactive animations to my
       | computer?
       | 
       | I'm using                 wget --page-requisites \
       | --span-hosts \            --execute robots=off \
       | --adjust-extension \            --convert-links \
       | https://ciechanow.ski/mechanical-watch/
       | 
       | but I get "Loading..." messages in place of the animations when I
       | open the saved html on Firefox.
        
       | clord wrote:
       | > when we pull the crown all the way out to enter the time
       | setting mode, that stop lever blocks the balance wheel, which
       | stops the watch in an action known as hacking
       | 
       | whoa, is this the origin of the word "hacking" in the "throw
       | something into the wheels to make it work" sense? very
       | interesting.
        
         | e1ghtSpace wrote:
         | Well, you can also hack away at a tree with an axe.
        
       | rammy1234 wrote:
       | I found this interesting. For more mechanical watch reference -
       | https://www.timezone.com/2003/10/04/mechanical-watch-faq/
        
       | shepherdjerred wrote:
       | Every post from this site is gold. I've learned so much from it.
        
       | gotaquestion wrote:
       | There are many centuries of engineering behind this. I went to
       | the Museum of Horology in Austria. It has examples of the first
       | mechanical clocks, up to today's timepieces. It is fascinating
       | looking at the giant, wrought-iron town clocks that kept shitty
       | time and bent and rusted, and seeing different parts of the clock
       | evolve over the years, especially as engineering & metallurgy
       | improved.
       | 
       | https://www.watchtime.com/featured/watch-spotting-at-the-vie...
        
       | niviksha wrote:
       | This blog itself is a work of art, like mechanical watches
       | themselves
        
       | spaetzleesser wrote:
       | I got this wooden clock for Christmas a while ago:
       | https://smile.amazon.com/ROKR-Mechanical-Building-Supplies-B...
       | 
       | Definitely helped me to understand how clocks work. And it's fun
       | to watch it.
        
       | avestura wrote:
       | This man is marvelous. Even though I know how top-notch he is at
       | writing interactive blog posts, he surprises me with his quality
       | every time I open his new blog posts. Bartosz is a huge
       | inspiration for me.
        
         | pcurve wrote:
         | I don't make this comparison lightly but I'm reminded of
         | Leonardo DaVinci. How much talent does one need to create
         | something like this? It's not enough to be just 'good' at
         | engineering, design, watchmaking, and writing... you have to be
         | amazing at it ALL of it. AND have motivation to do it.
         | 
         | I'm just in awe.
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | I read the GPS one a few months back, he absolutely amazingly
         | explained the whole thing to a depth I never would've expected.
        
         | Liron wrote:
         | He's elevated technical explanations to a delicious art form
        
           | leeoniya wrote:
           | same with https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown
        
       | muh_gradle wrote:
       | Enjoyed this one very much. I am hoping to get a blue dial Orient
       | Bambino to wear for my wedding. I've always loved that watch.
       | I'll have to refer to this article to explain the "but why
       | mechanical.." question.
        
       | ubermonkey wrote:
       | This is really, really beautiful and cool.
        
       | bacon_waffle wrote:
       | For folks who are interested in the subject matter: electronic
       | tuning fork movements, like the Accutron 214, are amazingly
       | elegant bits of engineering. Both the time regulation and motive
       | power are provided by a tuning fork (vs the balance wheel and
       | mainspring), which is kept oscillating through electromagnetism
       | (vs the escapement) in one of the first consumer applications of
       | the transistor. The movement was designed and started being
       | manufactured in the late 1950s.
       | 
       | Max Hetzel's patents are a good starting point -
       | https://www.accutrons.com/tuning-fork-watch-patents
        
       | _asummers wrote:
       | I love 1940s/1950s instruction videos. Here's one from Hamilton
       | that shows how they work that I really like.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL0_vOw6eCc
        
       | smetj wrote:
       | Will we still be able to find and consult this mesmerizing piece
       | of documentation art in let's say .... 100 years? Pretty sure
       | mechanical watches will still exist then.
        
       | sunpazed wrote:
       | What an awesome explainer! I love mechanical watches. I have a
       | relatively cheap Stowa Antea which runs a simple hand-wound
       | Peseux/ETA 7001. It's so thin, the entire watch is less than 7mm
       | thick. All of what you see in this explainer is crammed into that
       | tiny space the size of a stamp.
        
       | jagged-chisel wrote:
       | That scale can't be right. Pocket watches are bigger than a
       | quarter.
        
       | vladde wrote:
       | They have other blog posts as well, all equally interesting and
       | detailed.
        
       | jagger27 wrote:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20220504151534/https://ciechanow...
        
       | beeforpork wrote:
       | Amazing! He's done it again, I am blown away! Thanks you very
       | much for this unmatched level of documentation quality!
        
       | elorant wrote:
       | I'd gladly pay for content like this. It's so informative. I've
       | watched yt channels of people who disassemble and fix automatic
       | watches, but never understood all the intricacies in such detail.
       | This is what journalism, or writing in general, should be about.
       | Explain things and go into details.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | JohnBooty wrote:
         | The author has a Patreon, so we really can pay for his content.
         | =)
         | 
         | https://www.patreon.com/ciechanowski/posts
        
       | s1mon wrote:
       | One thing that hasn't been mentioned is how the parts were
       | modeled. I asked @BCiechanowski on Twitter and the response was
       | "Modeled in Shapr3D [0], animated manually in JS". Another person
       | asked about the gears, and he said "Gears are just generated
       | programmatically, it made it very easy to tweak their shape as
       | needed".
       | 
       | Overall, a fascinating workflow.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.shapr3d.com
        
       | smusamashah wrote:
       | All of articles from this blog are worth archiving and putting in
       | a library in this exact interactive form forever. I never
       | understood mechanical watches before. Now I know exactly how they
       | are made possible. Thanks for explaining it visually while
       | interaction with the visuals.
        
       | cbdumas wrote:
       | This page got the HN hug of death it seems. Absolutely deserves
       | all the traffic he is getting, Mr. Ciechanowski's blog is an
       | absolute gem.
        
       | naikrovek wrote:
       | Normally I would crap (pretty hard) on web tech, because
       | normally, it's only ever used to make websites harder to follow
       | in the name of design, or to create new ways for ads to be served
       | to me.
       | 
       | This site, and the most recent blog entries on this site, are
       | excellent examples of why web technologies are not all bad.
       | People seeking new ways to make money make everything bad,
       | eventually, and thankfully there are bastions of utility without
       | sales still to be found, sprinkled around.
        
         | tomaskafka wrote:
         | What is wrong about trying to find ways to produce a nice stuff
         | and keep being to able to pay the rent and raise kids?
         | 
         | I run a small and nice visual weather app for Apple Watch and
         | iPhone (https://weathergraph.app). Some people in reviews
         | object to price, but if I wasn't able to charge a subscription
         | (because weather data costs money continuously), there would be
         | no app. And if I wasn't able to make (about 50 % there right
         | now) a living, I would work for a corporation like I did
         | before, and I wouldn't be able to dedicate enough time to make
         | it great -\\_(tsu)_/-.
        
         | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
         | People trying to make money is actually what drives rather a
         | lot of the innovation that you enjoy every day.
         | 
         | The "capitalism bad" trope is a tired one indeed.
        
           | naikrovek wrote:
           | nah, people trying to make enough money don't create
           | Facebook. people trying to have enough to live comfortably
           | don't create Amazon.
           | 
           | monsters create those companies, and monsters grow them.
           | 
           | growing larger and more profitable at any cost is called
           | metastasis, and that's what's happening. lives get worse for
           | most while the cancers grow and grow, almost unabated.
        
             | naikrovek wrote:
             | I'll add that if you work at a place like this, you are
             | part of the problem. your votes do not absolve you.
        
       | sarang23592 wrote:
       | What an insanely cool demo of the workings. This is so
       | informative. I mostly dismiss such stuff thinking I won't
       | understand it but this one was easy to follow even for me. Loved
       | it
        
       | jonsen wrote:
       | I was reminded of the great video lecture
       | 
       | Gerald Sussman Teaches Mechanical Watch Ideas at MIT:
       | 
       | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TWQN8Yf1g70
        
         | krosaen wrote:
         | Thanks for this!
        
       | xcambar wrote:
       | This article is everything I want the Internet to be: high
       | quality contents and high interactivity so that the matter is
       | more "palpable".
       | 
       | This is peak Internet, huge congrats to the author(s).
        
         | CryptoPunk wrote:
         | I think it also points to compensation for creators, so that
         | they can dedicate their time to creating their works,
         | mattering. I think him being on Patreon, and knowing he can
         | count on income as long as he keeps creating this kind of
         | content, contributes to the quality of what is produced.
         | 
         | I believe when someone no longer needs to concern themselves
         | with financial consequences for taking time out of their day to
         | create content for the public, and knows that there is
         | reciprocity in the relationship between themselves and the rest
         | of the world for whom they produce content, they can dedicate
         | themselves more completely to their craft.
        
         | DangitBobby wrote:
         | I have favorited just a handful of things on this site. TFA and
         | another one on the same blog about internal combustion engines.
         | Prepare to be wowed.
         | 
         | https://ciechanow.ski/internal-combustion-engine/
        
       | hexo wrote:
       | There are no images, like, why? :(
        
         | hexo wrote:
         | Your downvotes didn't bring images back on site.
        
       | rocqua wrote:
       | I have a mechanical watch. I wish it was quartz. I simply could
       | not find any quartz watch in a style I liked. I even prefer thin
       | watches.
       | 
       | I feel like the field of actually nicely designed quartz watches
       | is dead from competition with mechanical and smart watches. Where
       | smart watches are just ugly, and mechanical watches look amazing
       | but are more hobby or conversation pieces than actually good for
       | telling time.
        
       | amai wrote:
       | In 20 years we will see similar visualizations about car engines
       | which used petrol instead of electricity. We will be awed by the
       | complex mechanisms, which were necessary at that time to make a
       | car drive as we are awed now by the complexities of mechanical
       | watches.
        
         | zwog wrote:
         | You don't have to wait 20 years, he did one last year:
         | https://ciechanow.ski/internal-combustion-engine/
        
       | adulion wrote:
       | mechanical watches fascinate me, i joined /r/seikomods and
       | assmbled one form parts i found of ebay.
        
       | gjvc wrote:
       | This is what the web should be all about.
        
       | jIyajbe wrote:
       | Wow. I had no idea how intricate and CLEVER the mechanism of a
       | mechanical watch is. Being no engineer, I cannot imagine how
       | someone could think of all these clever designs. (Yes, of course
       | the mechanism evolved over time. Even so.)
       | 
       | I have been wanting to buy an old mechanical watch. When I do, I
       | will never again complain about how much a watch repair shop
       | charges.
       | 
       | Also, the explanation, presentation, and animations are top-
       | notch. Amazing work by the author!!
        
         | SOLAR_FIELDS wrote:
         | You know, I had the somewhat opposite impression reading the
         | article. For me, what is interesting isn't the absolute genius
         | of the design (which of course, it is). I find it more
         | interesting that the watch has had enough staying power as a
         | useful machine in society over hundreds of years to have gone
         | through thousands of design iterations to arrive at the
         | "genius" design. If you have enough smart engineers over
         | several hundred years working at a problem, such an elegant
         | design seems almost an inevitability to me.
         | 
         | I would call it "clever" if one or two engineers created this
         | over perhaps a decade or so. With thousands of engineers over
         | several hundred years, however, it just feels like the natural
         | evolution of things.
         | 
         | I feel that a lot of things happening in today's society will
         | be the "watch" in 100-200 years. A marvel of complexity at
         | first glance, and then an acknowledgement of how much "standing
         | on the shoulders of giants" contributes to things that are
         | enjoyed on a daily basis.
        
       | jnord wrote:
       | An absolutely amazing article, detailed explanation and beautiful
       | graphics. Thanks so much for posting!
        
       | nintendo1889 wrote:
       | I always thought a compass that floats in water, and is also a
       | sundial would be neat. Not super accurate but very good for
       | military, offgridders and preppers, wherever there's limited
       | access to power.
        
       | nodesocket wrote:
       | What a fanatic writeup. I've been fascinated with mechanical
       | watches for what seems like forever. I browse YouTube at night
       | and see collections by Mr. Wonderful and John Mayer (mostly very
       | high end collector grade Rolex, Patek, AP, IWC). I actually
       | splurged and purchased a new Omega Seamaster Professional Diver
       | 300 automatic and absolutely love it. It does have a see-through
       | back making watching the caliber 8800 movement hypnotic.
        
       | alanbernstein wrote:
       | I always enjoy reading these, but this one is special for me
       | because it relates to two back burner projects I'm thinking about
       | recently:
       | 
       | 1. building a custom mechanical timer, which I want for practical
       | use.
       | 
       | 2. designing a real-world alethiometer - a fictional
       | watch/compass device with chaotic (magical) behavior - which runs
       | entirely on clockwork. I've been wondering how to incorporate a
       | source of significant entropy into a watch movement. One idea,
       | for example, is something like a double pendulum, but made from
       | torsion springs.
        
       | barbazoo wrote:
       | I couldn't quite figure it out from the (excellent) writeup but
       | when you wind up the watch, you wind up the barrel AND the
       | balance wheel, right?
        
         | praash wrote:
         | The balance wheel gets a small energy push through the
         | escapement on each tick. The barrel's mainspring has enough
         | force to just kickstart a stopped balance wheel. The balance
         | wheel doesn't really need much "winding" - it's equivalent to
         | the pendulum of a grandfather clock.
         | 
         | It's really fascinating seeing this mechanism alive, even in a
         | simple mechanical kitchen timer with plastic gears. When wound
         | up, the balance wheel starts to swing a little and quickly
         | accelerates on each tick.
        
         | vanshg wrote:
         | Same question. The balance wheel/hairspring has to be losing
         | energy overtime to friction (however miniscule). Otherwise we
         | have ourselves a perpetual motion machine
        
           | panki27 wrote:
           | This is mentioned in the article. The pallet fork gives the
           | balance wheel a small push after unlocking, giving it a tiny
           | bit of extra momentum.
        
           | alfalfasprout wrote:
           | To add to the other answer, that friction (and the intertia
           | of the balance wheel) is actually factored in when regulating
           | the watch. The pallet fork gives the balance wheel a nudge on
           | every "Tick" then the pallet fork stays stuck until the
           | balance wheel swings around and back and jolts it in the
           | other direction (the tock). Basically a little bit of energy
           | is released from the mainspring via the escapement to the
           | pallet fork to the balance wheel on each tick/tock.
        
       | aliljet wrote:
       | This may not be the most valuable comment, but my goodness, the
       | quality of this writeup and it's interactive descriptions of
       | complex mechanical components AND their interactions is radically
       | impressive. The treatment of complex topics in deeply visual and
       | partially interactive ways, for me at least, is a remarkably
       | helpful way to learn.
        
         | unfocused wrote:
         | Agreed! This is top quality writing AND interactive
         | illustrations.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | sixothree wrote:
         | Does anyone know the tooling used to create these?
        
           | phailhaus wrote:
           | According to his Twitter, he just uses bare canvas and WebGL.
           | [1] What a legend. You can inspect the page and read the
           | source js, it is unminified.
           | 
           | [1] https://twitter.com/BCiechanowski/status/1484013009219375
           | 105...
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | Very impressive. The only thing that would make it better
             | is a physics engine that would allow the user to play with
             | gears etc.
        
               | ManuelKiessling wrote:
               | You mean like https://ciechanow.ski/gears/ ?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tomtheelder wrote:
         | I almost couldn't believe the quality of this while reading it.
         | Not just animations, but _simulations_? That perfectly
         | illustrate the concept being discussed? Incredible. Not to
         | mention the incredibly clear and articulate prose.
        
         | soheil wrote:
         | To be 100% honest I found it very intimidating to even begin
         | reading it. It's such a time sink (no pun intended) and a huge
         | wall of text (with figures and interactivity nonetheless).
        
           | duderific wrote:
           | I usually get about half way through his posts, see how much
           | is left and just give up. Nonetheless I get a lot out of
           | them.
        
             | cardinalfang wrote:
             | The end was the best bit. I have seen good explanations of
             | the escapement and timing gears before, but not of the
             | crown adjuster mechanisms.
        
         | surement wrote:
         | The author calling this a "blog post" really undersold it!
        
         | causi wrote:
         | True multimedia is a lost art. We had it back in the 90s when
         | software came on discs and it was a high-density, polished
         | product that combined text, audio, video, and interactive
         | elements on the same page. The internet taking over turned
         | everything back into text, and then as bandwidth grew the only
         | thing we thought to use it on was higher and higher bitrate
         | video.
         | 
         | When I was a kid I thought the future was going to be fully-
         | integrated data. Like I would be able to pause a movie and
         | click on anything I was seeing to get more information. Click
         | an actor, get his bio and interviews about the movie and
         | bloopers. Click a vehicle and get its model. Click a special
         | effect and see how it was done or an animal and learn about
         | that animal. Imagine watching Lord of the Rings and being able
         | to instantly read the original lore of any object, location, or
         | character just by clicking/tapping it. Hell, even the smallest
         | things can radically change your experience. Imagine if
         | Wikipedia articles had appropriate background music. I guess
         | there's just no market.
        
           | ezconnect wrote:
           | That was also my dream when I first saw the CD encyclopedia
           | and seeing the first demo of AR using google maps of pointing
           | your phone to a building and seeing information about it and
           | then the introduction of google glass, then it all suddenly
           | disappeared.
        
           | throwaway821909 wrote:
           | Last time I used Amazon Prime Video, around 2017, it would
           | show info that Amazon deemed relevant for that bit of the
           | show (apparently it's called X-Ray). Back then at least, it
           | wasn't on the same level as what you described but still
           | something.
           | 
           | The danger was it made me want to pause all the time in case
           | I missed something interesting, but by putting the user in
           | control of what they get info on, you could avoid that.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | _Last time I used Amazon Prime Video, around 2017, it would
             | show info that Amazon deemed relevant for that bit of the
             | show (apparently it 's called X-Ray)._
             | 
             | X-Ray still exists, but the only way I've ever seen it used
             | is to tell you what the background music is, and the names
             | of all the actors in a scene. But even then, it is often
             | incomplete.
        
             | mFixman wrote:
             | The Kindle has a similar feature for some of its native
             | book: if you long-click in the name of a character it would
             | give you a short description and a timeline of where it
             | appeared in prior parts of the books (with future parts
             | hidden to prevent spoilers).
        
           | reaperducer wrote:
           | _Like I would be able to pause a movie and click on anything
           | I was seeing to get more information_
           | 
           | I remember the cable companies promising this when everything
           | went "digital."
           | 
           | I also remember when the movie studios promised us one of the
           | big advantages of DVDs over VHS was that we could watch the
           | scenes of a movie from any angle?
           | 
           | Yeah, that never happened.
        
             | rapind wrote:
             | And the director / talent commentary tracks, which were
             | sometimes really great (Vanilla Sky comes to mind). I think
             | that was only common for a really brief period
             | unfortunately. To be honest I think it just failed from a
             | market perspective (cost vs revenue). I could be wrong and
             | maybe it still happens a lot?
             | 
             | Suspect the angles thing was the same. Sounded cool but no
             | one wanted it (or to pay extra for it).
        
               | causi wrote:
               | It still happens a lot but those tracks rarely make it
               | onto the streaming service copy. Usually you need to buy
               | the disc version.
        
           | ghostbrainalpha wrote:
           | There is absolutely a market for your LOTR example. I think a
           | kickstarter made LOTR or Harry Potter Interactive
           | applications like you are purposing could charge $1,000
           | maybe.
           | 
           | And I 100% align with your 90's prediction. What we gained
           | going from Encarta to Wikipedia was amazing, but we shouldn't
           | forget that we lost some things too.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po3yW-wdLr0
        
             | gman83 wrote:
             | Couldn't the Wikimedia Foundation raise some money to
             | produce these kinds of videos? I wonder why they don't.
        
               | skyfaller wrote:
               | I think one problem is that it's difficult to make videos
               | easy for anyone to edit, the way a wiki text page is.
               | 
               | - The skills to edit video are more difficult to acquire,
               | in part because - The hardware and software requirements
               | can be expensive, and are not universally available -
               | Once you've made a video, not everyone has the bandwidth
               | to view it in high quality (certainly the first step to
               | editing it)
               | 
               | Wikimedia could hire people to make videos, but they
               | could also hire people to write articles, and
               | (generally?) don't because that's not how they roll.
               | 
               | A Wikipedia-like platform for video would be fascinating,
               | and worth pursuing, but a significant technological and
               | social challenge.
        
               | mgdlbp wrote:
               | There's Wikimedia Commons! It even (somewhat) addresses
               | this particular issue by having a system for requesting
               | specialized media-related edits--video editing, photo
               | retouching, SVG editing, mapmaking, etc.
               | 
               | For the unaware, Commons, a repository of media files, is
               | but one of many Wikimedia "projects" (including
               | Wikipedia). It's mostly used for images, but also hosts
               | video, audio (including MIDI), 3D models (only STLs), and
               | PDFs.Aside: considering what the Foundation seems to like
               | doing, I'm surprised they don't do more to promote the
               | "other" projects, especially to Wikipedia contributors--
               | Wikipedia editors (even split by language) vastly
               | outnumber those of the other projects, including Commons
               | and Wikidata, which are multilingual.
               | 
               | Commons' request system connects those who recognize
               | needed edits but cannot make them with those who check
               | the requests pages and _are_ able to. There 's the
               | _Graphics Lab_ [0] for edits to existing uploads, and
               | _File requests_ [1] for new uploads that are needed.
               | Judging by the archives, they seem quite underutilized,
               | though that might only be a sign of how few Commons
               | contributors there are. Probably also has to do with the
               | offloading of requests to local pages in many languages
               | of Wikipedia.[2]
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Graphic_Lab
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:File_requests
               | 
               | [2] https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5324355
               | 
               | There's an interesting variation in the nature of
               | barriers to being able to edit. Hardware and bandwidth
               | cost money, but skills cost only time and software can be
               | free. I'd say the Graphics Lab does decently in "teaching
               | how to fish" through tutorials and lists of FOSS
               | software. This contrasts with file requests, where
               | there's no equivalent, because the most common reason
               | that someone can't take a photo of something is that
               | there physically aren't any instances of it nearby.
               | 
               | This kind of barrier to contribution really isn't
               | specific to media; analogously, not everyone has access
               | to the same resources for researching edits to Wikipedia.
               | Wikimedia's also trying to address that: everyone with
               | >10 monthly edits in any project has free access to the
               | databases participating in The Wikipedia Library.[3] Most
               | are relatively specialized, however (IIRC, JSTOR is the
               | most generally useful of the lot).
               | 
               | [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Wikipedia_Library
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | You can already put instructional videos on Wikiversity.
               | 
               | You're right that the editing workflow for raw video is a
               | challenge, but I expect that support for editable
               | animations, interactive simulation, etc. will also be
               | added at some point. It requires some infrastructure for
               | editing securely sandboxed code in-wiki, which is in the
               | works anyway for the upcoming project Wikifunctions.
        
           | digisign wrote:
           | There is a movie player that would highlight the
           | character/actor on screen at the moment you hit pause. There
           | is a link to find out more that would take you to the
           | appropriate web page with the info.
           | 
           | I want to say it was google play, but not completely sure.
        
             | rkangel wrote:
             | Amazon Prime Video show you information on the actors in
             | the current scene. If you are (e.g.) chromecasting from a
             | phone you have it continually on the mobile display while
             | the film is on the TV.
        
             | newaccount74 wrote:
             | Amazon Prime Video
        
               | digisign wrote:
               | I've never used that, so there must be another one.
        
               | randomswede wrote:
               | The Google Play video player sometimes does it (or at
               | least sometimes used to).
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | >True multimedia is a lost art. We had it back in the 90s
           | when software came on discs and it was a high-density,
           | polished product that combined text, audio, video, and
           | interactive elements on the same page.
           | 
           | This reminds me of Microsoft Encarta.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Microsoft sold a bunch of titles for things like music.
             | They did quite a nice job as I recall during that period
             | when it was really rather wondrous you could hold all this
             | information in the palm of your hand.
        
               | causi wrote:
               | Yeah, a 21st-century version of Microsoft Home would be
               | incredible.
        
         | pontus wrote:
         | I came here to write the exact same thing. Amazing content.
        
         | stephbu wrote:
         | Came here to write the same - that was amazing...
        
         | hamburglar wrote:
         | And in true HN style we react to such objectively awesome
         | content by having a slapfight over whether the author wrote the
         | code in the "right" way.
        
         | justusthane wrote:
         | His post on how GPS works is equally excellent[1] (as are, I'm
         | sure, the rest of his posts).
         | 
         | [1]: https://ciechanow.ski/gps/
        
         | bambax wrote:
         | Came here to say the same thing. This incredibly well done,
         | well written, well executed, well... everything. How does one
         | find, not only the talent, but the patience to do such
         | incredible work... Mind boggling.
        
         | pcurve wrote:
         | This might be the single best work of art on the Web I've seen
         | since 1995. Nothing else even comes close.
        
         | alimov wrote:
         | I think that the person(s) that created the interactive visuals
         | would find this to be a helpful comment. Radically impressive
         | is a fitting description. I don't think I've ever seen and
         | interacted with anything like it, although I imagine people
         | working with CAD software get to see and mess around with this
         | kind of stuff pretty frequently.
        
         | fuddle wrote:
         | I wonder how long it took him to put together this blog post?
        
         | qorrect wrote:
         | My first thoughts were "This is what the internet was invented
         | for".
         | 
         | So impressive.
        
         | remarkEon wrote:
         | 1000%.
         | 
         | Sent this to my dad, and can't wait to talk this weekend. When
         | I was a kid we would tinker around with watches in the basement
         | but, alas, I had different interests and never really got
         | around to truly understanding these mechanisms. I don't really
         | know web development beyond setting up basic pages, but how the
         | CAD was integrated into this is wonderful and I'd love to see
         | more posts going through things like human joints or ICE, or
         | maybe weapons ... other things where we kind of intuitively
         | _grasp_ how they work, but don 't know the details. This entire
         | blog seems to do a lot of that. So cool.
        
           | positivejam wrote:
           | He has one on the ICE actually, though I don't have the link
           | handy.
        
             | mbrubeck wrote:
             | https://ciechanow.ski/internal-combustion-engine/
        
               | remarkEon wrote:
               | Wonderful! Showed this to my wife who, bless her, hates
               | stuff like this and she's captivated.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | Nice! Now show us how a mechanical watch with a 3-axis tourbillon
       | works: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5TveIl2whXY
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | This is a most excellent writeup. Its so very clear,
       | understandable, but also precise.
       | 
       | A word of warning, diving into watches and clocks can be a
       | time/money sink.
       | 
       | If you're not careful you'll end up building something like this:
       | https://www.secretbatcave.co.uk/projects/electromechanical-c...
        
       | jrh206 wrote:
       | This article is fantastic. Beautiful illustrations and
       | comprehensive explanations.
       | 
       | Creating something like this takes a lot of work. Consider
       | supporting the creator on Patreon if you want to enable them to
       | create more of these: https://www.patreon.com/ciechanowski
        
       | eggy wrote:
       | I started with Greg Daniel's masterpiece: Watchmaking.
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Watchmaking-George-Daniels/dp/0856677...
        
         | mananaysiempre wrote:
         | Linked at the very end of the long, long page (which,
         | incidentally, is long).
        
         | dutchbrit wrote:
         | I was about to post the same book. Pretty much a must have if
         | you get into watchmaking.
        
           | eggy wrote:
           | My late Uncle Vic taught me how to repair clocks and pocket
           | watches when I was young. I let it go, and returned to re-
           | learning it with this book. I still dream of completing my
           | first, from scratch, pocket watch.
        
         | anfractuosity wrote:
         | I've heard of that book before, it sounds really interesting
         | too! Creating your own mechanism sounds extremely complex, is
         | that what you're doing?
        
         | wrycoder wrote:
         | That is an absolutely amazing book - how to design and make the
         | highest quality watches from scratch. At the time, all watch
         | fabrication was by division of labor, no one made an entire
         | watch from scratch.
         | 
         | Daniels also wrote a riveting autobiography. He rose from the
         | most abject poverty to world eminence, largely because of the
         | British guild system.
         | 
         | He also collected, restored, and raced old cars. He used to
         | drive his Blower Bentley to his gentlemen's club (!) in
         | London[0]. All this is described in his autobiography.
         | 
         | He needed to do business in Switzerland, so he simply drove his
         | restored Rolls-Royce across the Continent.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bentley_Blower_No.1
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Daniels_(watchmaker)
        
       | zlippslip wrote:
       | My brother is a watch maker and fixer. It's an art that's
       | becoming rarer and rarer with the advent of smart watches.
       | Although his job is surprisingly secure because very wealthy
       | people tend to pay a lot for their very fancy watches to be fixed
       | or made. It's kind of sad how far we're moving from watches which
       | last hundreds of years as heirlooms with minimal maintenance, to
       | electronic waste generating items with components made as cheaply
       | as possible and at most last several years before their
       | irreplaceable battery dies and you purchase another.
       | 
       | Watches are robust technologies that work without internet
       | connectivity, are crafted/maintained by people paying attention
       | to mechanical parts that are sometimes about as thin as human
       | hairs. Humans have used them for hundreds of years and they are
       | really freaking cool.
       | 
       | If you think the animation is awesome(it is), consider owning the
       | real thing. Not just for my brother's sake, but maybe for your
       | families.
        
       | zerop wrote:
       | Since everyone is appreciating the. writeup for details,
       | comprehensive and animation done by author, I was thinking if
       | there is any library/platform to build such tools/animations so
       | that masses of teachers, who can write good content, can write
       | and animate like this. This would really make learning experience
       | impressive.
        
       | xjconlyme wrote:
       | This one is insanely good.
        
       | ramtatatam wrote:
       | If I was born 20 years before I was born I would be able to
       | enroll in clock-making faculty in University of Technology I
       | graduated. They discontinued this faculty, and the only remaining
       | part was a course of precise mechanics I received..
       | 
       | This article is pure gold. It makes me thinking how much of know-
       | how is already lost and how much can we find in some old book
       | stores... I'd buy a book about clock making.
        
       | rotanibmocy2 wrote:
       | Amazing animations and incredibly well explained. Best ELI5 of a
       | mechanical watch EVER
        
       | sillysaurusx wrote:
       | Does anyone know how the author supports themselves? They have a
       | patreon, but it's not enough to make a living:
       | https://www.patreon.com/ciechanowski
       | 
       | The hardest part for me when doing open source work full time was
       | giving it up and getting a day job. I was fortunate that my wife
       | was the breadwinner, and that I got to see what it was like to be
       | a stay at home husband. I've often wished to go back to it. Did
       | the author figure out a way, or is he wealthy?
       | 
       | He could also be a Superman, being able to do this with a full
       | time job or contracting work.
       | 
       | I spent a few days studying their blog. The work is so good that
       | when I retire, I'll make a conscious effort to copy their style
       | as closely as possible. It seems like the optimal way to transmit
       | knowledge.
       | 
       | I wish there was an equivalent to YouTube sponsorships for blogs.
       | If this had a 3 minute preroll ad, they would be rolling in
       | money.
        
         | wlesieutre wrote:
         | _> I write interactive articles about physics, math, and
         | engineering. It 's a weekend hobby of mine, so I only end up
         | making a few articles per year._
         | 
         | Superman it is!
        
         | erikig wrote:
         | A cursory search indicates that he's a game developer in the UK
         | which explains the WebGL chops.
        
           | badindentation wrote:
           | I think that's a different guy because his twitter profile
           | (from the website) says he lives in California.
        
         | moritonal wrote:
         | They made anywhere from PS470 to (using a rough sharp-tail
         | model) PS1666 per article.
         | 
         | Whilst I agree that the amount of time required do this doesn't
         | professionally cover that, it's a very nice hobby which makes
         | somewhat real money (very much depending on how many sharp the
         | tail of PS54's are) and garners some serious traffic whilst
         | building a very solid credability in the industry.
         | 
         | Plus I signed up, so now they make PS2.50 more!
        
       | stephenanand wrote:
        
       | yumraj wrote:
       | This was fantastic, for the first time in my life I actually
       | understood what _jewel_ means and what _n_ _jewels_ refers to
       | when it comes to a mechanical watch.
       | 
       | If Bartosz is reading this, I'm genuinely curious how much time
       | did it take him to create this post. It looks like an insane
       | amount of work with all the knowledge acquisition, write up,
       | animation and so on..
        
       | overlisted wrote:
       | This author author is like 3B1B but with engineering
        
       | mc4ndr3 wrote:
       | The canvases occupy so much of the screen (on small phones) that
       | it is sometimes difficult to scroll the page. Otherwise, amazing
       | article.
        
       | MengerSponge wrote:
       | This is lovely! While there's a lot of watch content on YouTube,
       | I'm amazed that no one has called out Clickspring's skeleton
       | clock build. It's _also_ a masterpiece, just in a different
       | medium:
       | 
       | Full build playlist:
       | https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZioPDnFPNsETq9h35dgQ...
       | 
       | Direct link to the first episode:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8Y146v8HxE&list=PLZioPDnFPN...
        
       | zerop wrote:
       | Who had invented mechanical watches?
        
       | matheusmoreira wrote:
       | The GPS post blew me away but this one about watch movements is
       | just so incredible.
        
       | natly wrote:
       | This guy deserves way more patreons than he has:
       | https://www.patreon.com/ciechanowski
        
         | shruggedatlas wrote:
         | Signed up to HN just to say that I signed up to Patreon to
         | support him. Thanks for sharing.
        
         | JohnBooty wrote:
         | Well, he just got one more. What an absolute treasure.
        
           | slough228 wrote:
           | two more.
        
             | ycombinete wrote:
             | And my axe
        
             | chadash wrote:
             | three more :)
        
               | aenis wrote:
               | ...and a practical example of a race condition :-)
        
               | bush-bby wrote:
               | Hahaha.
        
             | aenis wrote:
             | Three. And I am sure many more to come. Quality stuff.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | andoli wrote:
       | brilliant work in every aspect, really blew my mind
        
       | Razengan wrote:
       | Is there a "gearpunk" hobbyist community anywhere? Where people
       | design mostly un-electrical contraptions or even mechanical
       | computers etc.? Would be a pretty fun and rewarding hands-on
       | craft.
        
       | justAlittleCom wrote:
       | Mechanical watch nerd here. This describe an ETA (swiss)
       | movement, I really prefer the Japanese movement (I know mostly
       | seikos). The mechanism are more simple and more robust. For
       | instance, on ETA the crown mechanism is really sensitive, a lot
       | of tiny fragile parts with a lot of tension in them, it go wrong
       | easily.
       | 
       | Also, seeing this web page I got frustrated by the fact it
       | doesn't tackle what got me the hardest time: how can the crown
       | move the hands without any clutch mechanism (some have) ? It's a
       | matter of friction and torque, so it's hard to get while
       | reasoning on a "perfect" mechanism.
        
         | elSidCampeador wrote:
         | Hi where can I learn more about the Japanese movements?
        
         | rssoconnor wrote:
         | It doesn't go into a lot of detail but the article does say:
         | 
         | > Notice that when we turn the minute wheel only the cannon
         | pinion turns. That pinion fits tightly inside its driving gear
         | - it usually turns with that gear. However, when the driving
         | gear can't rotate because it's blocked by the rest of the gear
         | train, the cannon pinion can overpower the friction of that
         | tight fit and rotate on its own. This lets us set time without
         | interfering with the gear train, which could break the delicate
         | parts.
         | 
         | Personally, I was wondering how one can wind the watch from the
         | crown without engaging the weight of the autowinding mechanism.
         | I'm guessing that winding with the crown causes the ratchet to
         | slip on both pairs of blue/yellow gears.
        
       | tpl wrote:
       | Love the diagrams. Great write up!
        
       | JohnBooty wrote:
       | I am absolutely astounded. This is incredible craftsmanship, on
       | par with mechanical watches themselves.
       | 
       | This creator is absolutely among the best at his craft. I lack
       | the words to properly describe my admiration.
        
       | lvturner wrote:
       | For those interested in watch assembly (I'm differentiating
       | between assembly and watch making), I can highly recommend
       | https://diywatch.club/ I bought one of their kits and was super
       | satisfied with it.
       | 
       | You could do it cheaper by buying random parts off eBay or
       | Taobao, I did this for a second watch - using the following video
       | from the "Watch Repair Channel"
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rieKmfaKMCY
       | 
       | But having your initial attempt somewhat de-risked gave me the
       | confidence to dive head first into other concepts and ideas.
       | 
       | I'm not quite ready to do a tear down and service of a movement,
       | but with a timegrapher on the way... it won't be long before I'll
       | end up scratching that itch too!
        
       | veltas wrote:
       | Would love something like this for cars.
        
         | komposit wrote:
         | He has one on the combustion engine
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | Wow, I didn't expect I would read all that but the visualization
       | was so great and made it easy to follow, I learned more about
       | mechanical watches than I ever thought I would!
       | 
       | If every subject could have visualization like this I could learn
       | anything!
        
       | zander312 wrote:
       | Stunning visuals and interactivity!
        
       | herodotus wrote:
       | Mr Ciechanowski's articles are themselves complete works of art.
       | Another brilliant article and collection of interactive
       | animations.
       | 
       | My favourite escapement is the detent escapment. I saw a cutout
       | model at the Imperial Science Museum in London. Even after
       | staring at it for ages I could not figure out how it worked!
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-05-05 23:00 UTC)