[HN Gopher] Singapore Government Tech Stack
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       Singapore Government Tech Stack
        
       Author : korginator
       Score  : 193 points
       Date   : 2022-05-07 13:49 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.developer.tech.gov.sg)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.developer.tech.gov.sg)
        
       | butterfi wrote:
       | I've worked on a Singapore website sponsored by the major
       | University and a Govt. office and frankly speaking, it's a poorly
       | managed process dominated by IT protocol more than
       | business/client goals. The admin responsible for running the site
       | was inept and his colleagues were worse. The person who inherited
       | managing the complex web stack was a secretary with no dev
       | skills. I hope it works out for them, but I'm not optimistic.
        
         | noobermin wrote:
         | On the one hand you said it's dominated by IT people with no
         | business goals but then complain the manager is a secretary
         | with no dev skills...which is it?
        
       | lgvln wrote:
       | Let's not forget the whole fiasco with Singapore's TraceTogether
       | app for contact tracing during the pandemic. The actual
       | implementation of it differs significantly from the white paper
       | they open-sourced. The actual app does not anonymize the data and
       | the government has access to everyone's location and interaction
       | data. Initially, their privacy policy promised the data would
       | only be used for tracking of the spread of COVID but it was later
       | revealed by the parliament that the police had in fact accessed
       | the data for investigation purposes. There is no constitutional
       | right to privacy in Singapore so they did not actually break any
       | laws so it was mostly an "oops, too bad, we didn't do anything
       | 'wrong'" moment for them.
       | 
       | https://www.sgtech.org.sg/SGTECH/Web/SGTech_News_2020/May20/...
       | 
       | https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/31...
        
         | quinnjh wrote:
         | Good thing the United States has a constitutional amendment
         | that totally protects us from having our location data
         | harvested sold and deanonymized by thousands of data brokers!
        
           | themitigating wrote:
           | What is the value of this comment? The US government, privacy
           | in the US, and the like is already discussed frequently here.
           | People are also aware of it so you aren't bringing it to
           | light.
        
             | saghm wrote:
             | I think it's fair, given that GP mentioned "There is no
             | constitutional right to privacy in Singapore so they did
             | not actually break any laws". There's a long history to the
             | debate of whether there's a constitutional right to privacy
             | in the US; it's not explicitly mentioned in the
             | Constitution but it's a fairly common interpretation
             | nowadays, so whether or not the courts in the US would
             | consider it legal if the US government did this is not a
             | sure thing either way.
        
               | pxeger1 wrote:
               | lgvln wasn't comparing it to the US. quinnjh was the one
               | who brought up the US.
        
               | noobermin wrote:
               | Looked at a wiki article, and it looks like not many
               | states have a "right to privacy" in their constitution
               | but rather have it specified by various other laws.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_privacy
        
           | tdhz77 wrote:
           | This practice should extend to the private sector in my
           | opinion. Protection of location data should fall under the
           | 14th amendment.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | xeromal wrote:
           | My favorite comment. Let's ignore any valid criticism and
           | complain about something else instead.
        
             | noobermin wrote:
             | The unfortunate reality is a lot of people post comments
             | like GP but do so reflexively to deride non-US governments
             | then play defense for posts critical of the US. Some do it
             | for China, and so on. It would help in general if people
             | are reasonably (emphasis on reasonably) skeptical of all
             | states.
        
               | theteapot wrote:
               | I think the point was, we can't use the fact US (or
               | China, or state X) is a corrupt basket case to lazily
               | dismiss any valid criticism here. That's like dismissing
               | the teachers criticism of an A grade student's English
               | Literature exam question by saying "Yeah well, Ralph's
               | answer was 'boobs'". Ralph exists. The A grade student
               | wants to improve. These are separate concerns.
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | Let's not pretend that China's laws and norms are
               | comparable to those of the US here, though. Yes, it's
               | reasonable to be skeptical of all states, but there's
               | definitely a difference of degree in state overreach.
        
               | pphysch wrote:
               | Simply not true. For every (actual, not just FLG disinfo)
               | overreach of Beijing you can find one for Washington
               | 
               | You are more likely to be permanently incarcerated in
               | America than China
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | What about people being welded into their apartments
               | during COVID lockdowns? That never happened in the US.
        
         | truthwhisperer wrote:
         | the road to hell is paved with good intentions let not forget
         | SG is a sort of single party system with no real freedom of
         | press.
        
           | legalcorrection wrote:
           | And that's a big part of why their country is wealthy and
           | successful while their neighboring countries are disasters.
        
             | noobermin wrote:
             | Korea and Japan rose from the ashes (Japan having lost WWII
             | after their imperialist ambitions failed) in the same
             | amount of time. Korea had a dictatorship or sorts but Japan
             | didn't, but unless I'm mistaken, neither government was as
             | autocratic (and still is) like the PAP is today.
        
             | phantomathkg wrote:
             | Any prove?
        
       | robertlagrant wrote:
       | I was really worried when I saw APEX. I thought it was that
       | crappy Oracle app-in-plsql nonsense.
       | 
       | Thankfully not! This all looks pretty cool!
        
         | brassattax wrote:
         | I thought it was going to be built on Salesforce
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | Yes, that would be better than the Oracle option!
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | That nonsense powers lot of companies where dbas can quickly
         | ramp-up applications, in the same vein as VB and macros filled
         | Excel documents.
        
       | Joeri wrote:
       | We have something similar to this in Antwerp, Belgium.
       | 
       | Most of our solutions are built on top of a kubernetes-powered
       | microservices platform, with an API-first design approach. It is
       | called the Antwerp City Platform as a Service
       | (https://acpaas.digipolis.be).
       | 
       | To ensure technological consistency we have a Digipolis Antwerp
       | Application Stack, which is the technological foundation for new
       | projects.
       | https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vR9N3gAJoJFI...
       | 
       | And finally for UI consistency, we have a design system called
       | Antwerp UI (https://antwerp-ui.digipolis.be), which includes a
       | custom-designed font meant to evoke the city's historical
       | architecture, used both for internally facing web apps, and for
       | our public facing website https://www.antwerpen.be
        
         | daqhris wrote:
         | Hey Joeri, thank you! I've previously lived in the Antwerp
         | province.
         | 
         | The whole time of my stay, I was in love with the city's visual
         | identity (posters, website,..) and the effectiveness of digital
         | services across the administration offices, public institutions
         | and media centers. It's the one city in Belgium taking
         | advantage, in the best way, of digital infrastructure and
         | modern tech.
         | 
         | Nowadays I'm living in the Ardennes (Bastogne) where I can see
         | a huge gap (compared to Antwerp) in Internet services and tech
         | investments. I'm grateful to the people at Digipolis and the
         | city offices taking visionary steps in fostering the local tech
         | scene and building beautiful interfaces/apps.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | herunan wrote:
       | Why reinvent the wheel? A lot of govt websites have very similar
       | use cases. I would e.g. just get The UK Government Design System,
       | which is really good: https://github.com/alphagov/govuk-design-
       | system
        
       | javajosh wrote:
       | This looks impressive, and something we (America) should copy.
       | 
       | Man, I can't help wishing that if we had to have a dictator why
       | couldn't it be someone (mostly) reasonable like Lee Kwan Yew.
        
         | davesque wrote:
         | I understand the sentiment, and I don't think you were probably
         | being serious, but, for the sake of conversation, I think the
         | issue with dictatorships is eventually with stability. The
         | allure of that much power in a single position leads to the
         | wrong kind of people talking it.
         | 
         | Actually, when we frame things that way, it almost makes me
         | feel like democracy is primarily designed to provide a certain
         | amount of _slowness_ in government; enough to spot corruption
         | coming and head it off. Maybe corruption always eventually
         | wins, just more slowly in democracies. Kinda feels that way
         | lately.
        
           | javajosh wrote:
           | It's nice to get the benefit of the doubt, and I'm tempted to
           | let it remain, but let me clarify: I'm serious. I was
           | impressed with Lee Kwan Yew's "From Third World to First" and
           | it seemed to me he wasn't bashful about talking about the
           | times he made an illiberal, dictator move. Both from the
           | outcome and his telling, he made these moves as rarely as
           | possible and didn't relish them. And he did smart things like
           | rewarding government officials extremely well so that they
           | would be (relatively) immune to bribery. I'm sure there are
           | other examples of good leadership from the seat of absolute
           | monarchy, even if we mainly focus on the bad ones in history
           | class. FDR's wartime leadership comes to mind (people seem to
           | forget how illiberal American government was during the war -
           | and it was surely effective).
           | 
           | In all cases, the key to success with illiberal government
           | seems to be self-restraint. When the war ends, you give up
           | power. Or in general, when the object is achieved, you give
           | up power. I've not followed Singapore's timeline since I read
           | the book, so maybe they've backslid? Maybe its a psuedo
           | monarchy run my Yew's ancestors? If so, that's a failure.
           | Hopefully they can figure out how to pick leaders in a
           | rational way - like an aptitude test.
        
         | decafninja wrote:
         | I feel dictators/autocrats come in two flavors.
         | 
         | The first genuinely feel they know what is best for the country
         | and how to best govern it. They might still enrich themselves
         | and their cronies in the process of course.
         | 
         | The second are primarily out to enrich themselves and their
         | cronies. The country exists to support this selfish goal.
         | 
         | Of course this is not black and white, but rather a spectrum
         | but various historical figures seem to strongly lean to one
         | side or the other.
        
           | dontreact wrote:
           | And history repeatedly shows that even if you get a dictator
           | of the first kind, it's an unstable equilibrium of a system
           | that eventually leads to a dictator of the second kind.
        
             | AnAfrican wrote:
             | And that can happen with the same person !
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | Yes, but it's not always true - see cousin comment. There
             | are examples of actually good dictators in history - but my
             | back of the envelope estimate is that its like 1 in 20.
        
         | skissane wrote:
         | Just over a week ago, Singapore executed by hanging an
         | intellectually disabled Malaysian man (of Indian ethnic
         | origin), Nagaenthran K. Dharmalingam. His crime? He was caught
         | trying to import heroin - I think it very likely the
         | traffickers exploited his intellectual disability in order to
         | talk him into becoming a drug mule.
         | 
         | In this regard, Singapore is a rather extreme outlier among
         | developed countries - few of which retain the death penalty,
         | and those which do largely restrict it in practice to murder.
         | William Gibson's famous phrase, "Disneyland with the Death
         | Penalty", is as true as it ever was.
         | 
         | So yeah, Lee Hsien Loong seems like a cool guy - wow, a Prime
         | Minister who can write C++. But, remember Nagaenthran, and
         | realise he's not actually cool at all, he's actually a rather
         | terrible human being. Whatever the Prime Minister's formal role
         | in decisions about executions, I don't think anyone doubts that
         | he had the political influence (even if quietly, behind the
         | scenes) to stop it going ahead, if he had wanted to.
        
       | unnouinceput wrote:
       | TLDR; It's a wishlist, not the current tech stack
       | 
       | Title is misleading
        
       | dazsnow wrote:
       | Singapore's GovTech does amazing work.
        
         | United857 wrote:
         | Even their prime minister can code in C/C++:
         | https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/05/prime...
        
           | afr0ck wrote:
           | He was the Wrangler at the Univ of Cambridge (best Undergrad
           | in Math).
        
             | random314 wrote:
             | And it's no mean achievement. Here is the list of Senior
             | wranglers on wikipedia. Check out his peers to see what
             | mathematics possibly missed out on
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senior_Wrangler
        
               | djtango wrote:
               | I prefer to think of it as what politics and society
               | gained.
               | 
               | It was pretty clear that most politicians, let alone
               | leaders, didn't know what "exponential" meant over the
               | pandemic.
               | 
               | At a time where technological advance has vastly outpaced
               | politics (Joe Biden was around 65 when the first iphone
               | came out) I think it's quite remarkable to have a Maths-
               | CS major heading up a (small) nation.
        
               | 2143 wrote:
               | > most politicians, let alone leaders, didn't know what
               | "exponential" meant over the pandemic.
               | 
               | Maybe they did and chose to ignore it. Lots of countries
               | (including but not limited to the USA) have people with
               | high credentials at the helm. Or they have advisors with
               | high credentials close by.
               | 
               | > I think it's quite remarkable to have a Maths-CS
               | 
               |  _Math never gets old._
               | 
               | > a (small) nation
               | 
               | They may be small, but they definitely punch above their
               | weight :)
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | The qualifications of most people in politics are not
               | nearly as good in the US.
               | 
               | In the US, the private sector eats the public sector and
               | leaves very few high quality candidates behind.
        
               | srazzaque wrote:
               | I believe that's precisely why the SG government choose
               | to pay extremely well. They gain candidates with great
               | credentials that otherwise will have gone to the private
               | sector.
               | 
               | Also, having well compensated staff makes the ranks less
               | susceptible to corruption and bribery.
        
       | vira28 wrote:
       | Is there something similar to US Government.
        
         | gwbrooks wrote:
         | At least for the design system, the answer is yes. The US
         | Government Design System: https://designsystem.digital.gov/
         | 
         | Don't have the URL handy, but California has an amazing design
         | system as well.
        
           | justbaker wrote:
           | Something similar to what you mentioned, but for the state of
           | Michigan
           | 
           | https://digitalguidelines.michigan.gov/
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | mxuribe wrote:
         | I'm sure there might be because several years ago the U.S.
         | created the U.S. Digital Service with the premise being
         | recruiting professionals (yeah mostly from corporate but not
         | only) to spend time in the government and help modernize many
         | of its aspects and offerings...for the benefit of the citizens,
         | etc. Here's one example of their playbooks:
         | https://playbook.cio.gov/
         | 
         | ...While not exactly like the Singapore page linked in this
         | post, alot of the intent with the USDS - as i understand it -
         | is alos to be quite transparent with the hope of any other
         | government agencies/orgs such as state/province level, city
         | level, etc. benefiting from their ideas and hopefully
         | broadening the benefit at all levels. Here is the main site,
         | but of course (as the above playbook link denotes), there are
         | plenty of other related sites that might help better answer
         | your question: https://www.usds.gov/mission
        
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