[HN Gopher] Goldman Sachs shrinking its SPAC business amid regul...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Goldman Sachs shrinking its SPAC business amid regulatory crackdown
        
       Author : prostoalex
       Score  : 120 points
       Date   : 2022-05-10 15:37 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnbc.com)
        
       | PedroBatista wrote:
       | Looks like Goldman Sachs got a call telling them the SEC police
       | was coming and got out of the party in a hurry ( and what a party
       | it has been.. )
       | 
       | Only retail investors ( aka suckers ) will be holding the
       | bag/beer, as always.
       | 
       | I'm curious to know if Goldman Sachs already has an alternative
       | scheme/scam running or it's a case of "chilling out for awhile".
        
         | MomoXenosaga wrote:
         | Has anyone from Goldman ever actually been in trouble from the
         | authorities?
         | 
         | That was my take from the 2008 financial crisis: the government
         | had to fix everything. Again. And no Hollywood movie about the
         | European, American and Asian finance ministers who had to make
         | sure the ATMs kept working.
        
           | FabHK wrote:
           | Fabrice "Fabulous Fab" Tourre was basically Goldman's fall
           | guy. Reasonably junior (in investment banking, VP is junior -
           | analyst, associate, VP, director, MD) who had sent some
           | stupid emails to his girlfriend ("The whole building is about
           | to collapse anytime now. Only potential survivor, the
           | fabulous Fab ... standing in the middle of all these complex,
           | highly leveraged, exotic trades he created without
           | necessarily understanding all of the implications of those
           | monstruosities!!!").
           | 
           | He was charged, but nobody else from GS, AFAIK.
           | 
           | https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/08/01/gol.
           | ..
           | 
           | (I remember because he besmirched my good name :-)
        
           | odiroot wrote:
           | Yes Tim Leissner but nothing related to 2008: https://en.wiki
           | pedia.org/wiki/1Malaysia_Development_Berhad_s...
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | Roger Ng was found guilty by a US court of conspiring to loot
           | Malaysia's 1MDB fund:
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/2022/04/08/1091801453/1mdb-fund-
           | goldman-...
        
           | hackernewds wrote:
           | One need only look at the nickel commodities market to
           | understand that Goldman socks measures these things in terms
           | of expected value, where if the benefit exceeds the EXPECTED
           | VALUE (probability*fine) of the fines, they will have an
           | active desk for it.
           | 
           | https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/7505-16
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | There's always crypto...
         | 
         | However the SEC recently increased its "Crypto Assets and Cyber
         | Unit" staff from 30 to 50. Hopefully they'll bring the hammer
         | down on token offerings with enough force to scare the big VCs
         | away, at least.
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | 50people vs $billions in scams.
        
             | rchaud wrote:
             | You never know, those 50 people could have 50 discord
             | channels cultivating an amazing community (of informants).
        
         | aussiegreenie wrote:
         | Goldman will be on the 'other side', that is, shorting the
         | existing SPAC companies knowing that theu are overpriced.
        
         | chrisgd wrote:
         | The SEC has been saying for months they were taking a harder
         | look here. Just reading the writing on the wall. All the
         | companies that have gone public via SPAC have not done well,
         | not sure who would go public that way - I imagine no one will
         | be holding the bag because most will give the money back and go
         | away
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | If you have your ducks in a row as a business, you don't have
           | to go public via SPAC.
        
         | atlasunshrugged wrote:
         | I'll admit I have some recency bias here as I just re-read The
         | Big Short about the '08 financial crash but I think you're
         | probably right on the first point, they got a tip or heard
         | around the proverbial finance industry watercooler that a
         | crackdown was coming and decided to exit. I'm 100% certain
         | they've got something else in the works, probably more opaque
         | for regulators and the public with less risk to Goldman and a
         | higher profit margin if history is to be believed.
        
           | chowells wrote:
           | It's not a big secret that the SEC doesn't like SPACs. They
           | make these things really clear before they start taking
           | action. They specifically have an issue with the fact that
           | the prospectus for a de-SPAC merger isn't (yet) subject to
           | all the same reporting rules as an S-1 filing.
           | 
           | When companies have to present their financials coldly
           | instead of painting the nice warm dream, it's gonna deflate
           | the market. Between that and the other factors hitting the
           | market now (interest rates and inflation), there just isn't
           | going to be a huge amount of work in the space in the future.
           | 
           | You really don't need to assume a conspiracy of some sort is
           | involved when all the completely public factors justify this.
        
             | jessaustin wrote:
             | This not-big secret is also a not-new secret. These aspects
             | of SPACs have been apparent since the invention of SPACs.
             | What completely public factor accounts for the change in
             | Goldman's policy ?
             | 
             | You really don't have to cape up for Goldman. They don't
             | care what we think. They always have enough alumni in the
             | government that they don't _have_ to care. [0] The Biden
             | administration is theoretically less infested with them
             | than previous ones, but e.g. SEC Chair Gary Gensler and
             | Examiner Adam Storch are both former Goldman people. There
             | are probably more but I figured one minute on DDG was
             | enough...
             | 
             | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/16/business/dealbook/go
             | ldman...
        
               | chowells wrote:
               | Why is it so important to you that a conspiracy must
               | exist? What pushed you to ignore evidence so hard that
               | you appear to think that a question I'd already answered
               | is some giant gotcha? (What's different now? The market
               | has cooled massively for other reasons.)
               | 
               | If you look at the new rules the SEC announced, they're
               | so poorly written that no bank would see them as more
               | than an accounting checkbox. Those rules are certainly
               | not the reason for winding down a line of business.
               | 
               | If you want to attack connections between finance and the
               | government, why not focus on real ones? Like, why are the
               | new SEC policies so toothless? Who wrote them, and why?
               | 
               | It could easily be someone from GS, even! But people are
               | a lot more likely to listen to you if you save your
               | criticism for things that are based on facts and clear
               | reasoning. A massive web of innuendo is worth a lot less
               | than one direct problem.
        
           | Adraghast wrote:
           | That tip would be the nearly 400 pages of proposed
           | regulations the SEC dropped in March:
           | 
           | https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/2022/33-11048.pdf
        
       | mqus wrote:
       | TIL: SPAC - Special-Purpose Acquisition Company ->
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special-purpose_acquisition_co...
        
         | 3np wrote:
         | Thanks. Thought it was short for Super PAC
         | (https://www.fec.gov/help-candidates-and-committees/filing-
         | pa...) first and found the whole thing confounding.
        
         | eatonphil wrote:
         | I recommend following Matt Levine's free Money Stuff column if
         | you're into this.
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/authors/ARbTQlRLRjE/matthe...
        
           | FabHK wrote:
           | Seconded. Matt Levine's column is informed, informative,
           | witty, and entertaining.
        
           | bozhark wrote:
           | I recommend not.
        
             | CyanBird wrote:
             | If you don't then you might have a better source for
             | reviewing the day to day of the banking/finance landscape?
        
             | calmoo wrote:
             | Why not?
        
               | xoz wrote:
               | Matt Levine, much like most journalists, does not create
               | any of the content, he just writes about it. E.g.
               | etcetera the stories he tells are usually of 3rd parties
               | (like what's happening in financial markets).
               | 
               | Would be much more interesting if he had personally
               | experienced or orchestrated what he discusses. Otherwise
               | you may as well just listen to anyone.
               | 
               | EDIT: As some people are responding and confused about
               | how journalism works: E.g. he wrote about Elon Musk today
               | yet is just getting his information from other articles
               | or Twitter as I doubt he is speaking with Elon Musk or
               | involved in the deal. At that point it's just hearsay.
        
               | chowells wrote:
               | > Would be much more interesting if he had personally
               | experienced or orchestrated what he discusses.
               | 
               | Like if he had worked at Goldman-Sachs and had direct
               | experience with how large financial institutions function
               | or something?
        
               | xoz wrote:
               | In the past, yes, but I mean what he writes about now.
               | E.g. he wrote about Elon Musk today yet is just getting
               | his information from other articles or Twitter. At that
               | point it's just hearsay.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | So say a science writer reviews peer-reviewed literature
               | to write about some technology or technological claim
               | (let's say CRISPR) but has done none of that direct
               | research themselves...are you saying they are just
               | writing hearsay?
               | 
               | Now maybe you can qualm about where he gets his
               | information and how reputable it is, but I think your
               | standard for journalism differs from most.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _it 's just hearsay_
               | 
               | He has been offering analysis and commentary on the
               | process since the beginning, floating theories for
               | various parties' positions and debunking silly ideas that
               | were being taken seriously at the time.
        
               | alpha_squared wrote:
               | That's not a prerequisite to journalism, though I guess
               | that can be _your_ standard for it. Musk is notoriously
               | media-hostile, which means it 's often very difficult to
               | get direct quotes or responses from him on a story that
               | doesn't try to flatter him. By your standard, that'd mean
               | Musk has unilateral ability to discredit journalism by
               | just not participating.
        
               | newsclues wrote:
               | Do you have any personal experience in this, or are you
               | just anyone writing rubbish?
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | No offense, but this is silly. The whole purpose of
               | journalism is to report what is happening to other
               | people.
               | 
               | Writing about your first hand accounts is not journalism.
               | If for no other reason than it would be inherently
               | biased. We have a term for stories from a person's life
               | written by the person: autobiographies.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | The BBC puts someone on the ground in Kyiv while it's
               | being shelled. They write about what they see and learn
               | while there--and you don't think that's journalism?
               | 
               | To be clear, the criticism of Levine from the GP is total
               | bunk, but this definition is weird.
        
               | gowld wrote:
               | Huh? writing about someone you see is journalism.
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | Gonzo journalism maybe
        
               | colinmhayes wrote:
               | Well good thing he's not a journalist. He writes a
               | comedic opinion column that pulls from his experience as
               | an investment banker and M&A lawyer. He's a blogger.
        
               | rpgbr wrote:
               | > Matt Levine, much like most journalists, does not
               | create any of the content, he just writes about it.
               | 
               | You just literally described a journalist's job.
               | Congrats?
        
       | bonecrusher2102 wrote:
       | Here's the best source I've ever read explaining the SPAC model
       | and it's pitfalls.
       | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3720919
       | 
       | And the discussion on HN:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26037059
        
       | spxdcz wrote:
       | Related: I wrote some code that attempts to extract the latest
       | SPAC data (which you can filter/export) from SEC filings as
       | they're filed: https://docoh.com/spacs
        
       | SheinhardtWigCo wrote:
       | John Tuld: Let me tell you something, Mr. Sullivan. Do you care
       | to know why I'm in this chair with you all? I mean, why I earn
       | the big bucks.
       | 
       | Peter Sullivan: Yes.
       | 
       | John Tuld: I'm here for one reason and one reason alone. I'm here
       | to guess what the music might do a week, a month, a year from
       | now. That's it. Nothing more. And standing here tonight, I'm
       | afraid that I don't hear - a - thing. Just... silence.
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=K05sxfa4zdM
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Both a great lens into part of the GFC and a spectacular
         | cinematic piece. Tremendous scene.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | The part that bothered me is that, as I recall, there was no
           | actual margin call in the movie. I guess it all was done in
           | advance of a margin call? I don't recall exactly.
           | 
           | Great movie though
        
             | awad wrote:
             | The plot centers around the possibility of going bankrupt
             | given the high amount of leverage being used on volatile
             | mortgage securities that were starting to fail IIRC. The
             | scheme they cook up to offload their as much of their
             | position as possible the next morning.
        
             | wozer wrote:
             | Do large institutional investors even get margin calls? I
             | thought this only happens to customers of brokers.
        
               | SkipperCat wrote:
               | It pretty much happened to Knight Trading. They turned on
               | a dev trading algo and wound up acquiring a massive
               | amount of positions (and thus risk). Their clearing firm
               | forced them to close all those positions and the cost of
               | crossing the bid-ask spread wiped them out.
               | 
               | Never read the book
               | (http://www.knightmareonwallstreet.com/) but watched it
               | happen in real time from the trade desk at a different
               | firm.
               | 
               | You could also say it happens to small banks. If you fail
               | some sort of FDIC testing, you're classified as at-risk
               | and they force you to sell to a larger bank so as not to
               | risk depositor funds.
        
               | gowld wrote:
               | Anyone who borrows a lot and has unrealized losses can
               | get margin called.
        
               | chollida1 wrote:
               | https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/goldman-u-turn-on-hwang-put-
               | bank...
               | 
               | You bet they do. But like all things the more money you
               | have the better you get treated.
               | 
               | Small retail investor, your margin call is likely
               | automatic with assets sold without your input to take the
               | money.
               | 
               | large hedge fund. Tables of lawyers deciding how much you
               | have to put up, at what time, and what can you move out
               | of that bank before you pay.
        
             | SkipperCat wrote:
             | By dumping all their portfolio, they avoided the margin
             | call which would have destroyed the company. Their early
             | and bold actions saved the firm. Sadly for the folks on the
             | other end of the trades, it probably crushed them.
             | 
             | Margin call is by far the best movie about the financial
             | crisis of 2008 that I've ever seen. I was working in the
             | biz at that time and it all just rang so true. 7 AM pre-
             | market meetings, lots of folks crunching data, Wall Street
             | people actually living in Brooklyn and so much more.
             | 
             | Sadly, the movie is so esoteric that it never had a
             | mainstream success. Such a shame because it had great
             | actors and a fantastic script.
        
           | ericmay wrote:
           | I agree. Margin Call and The Big Short (the book is sooo good
           | even if you've seen the movie!) are the best two movies that
           | came out of that entire debacle. That scene was enjoyable.
           | They really nailed the casting and conversations.
        
         | jstx1 wrote:
         | Yes, the person who was just briefed on what was happening, and
         | in very simple terms because he doesn't understand the
         | technical language of complex financial instruments - that's
         | the person who's guessing what "the music" is going to do?
         | 
         | That whole movie is so shallow when you think about it for more
         | than 2 seconds.
        
           | dilyevsky wrote:
           | I think you're assuming a little too much about what Irons
           | character does/doesn't know about the overall state of
           | financial system. He may had other analysts/industry insiders
           | briefing him on various things for months by that point.
        
             | jstx1 wrote:
             | > He may had other analysts/industry insiders briefing him
             | on various things for months by that point.
             | 
             | That's you assuming stuff, not me. And I don't think
             | there's any evidence for it in the movie - it's portrayed
             | as a surprise to everyone involved.
        
               | dilyevsky wrote:
               | I wasn't the one making the original claim bc sorkin
               | didn't include 10 mins of exposition explaining the ceo's
               | logic there which btw is completely irrelevant to the
               | theme of this movie.
               | 
               | Edit: actually wasn't Sorkin but whatever
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | You have to watch it a bit closer. He didn't ask for the
           | problem to be explained in simple terms because he didn't
           | understand what was going on. Instead he wanted to make sure
           | his subordinates understood the problem and didn't try to
           | hide their ignorance behind needless complexity. This is a
           | strategy used by all of the most effective managers in the
           | real world ("pretend that I'm stupid", "explain it to me like
           | I'm five"). It was clear from the get go that he was the
           | smartest person in the room in every scene he was in.
           | 
           | The movie also makes clear multiple times that the only
           | people who were surprised by what was going on were the
           | little guys - risk analysts and middle management. People at
           | the top got the news and were simply like "ok guess it's
           | finally happening".
           | 
           | If you ask around people who do this stuff for a living, all
           | of them will tell you that out of the dozens of movies about
           | the financial crisis, Margin Call was conceptually the
           | closest one to how things actually work in the industry
           | (obviously disregarding the Hollywood-esque dialog and
           | characters).
        
             | jstx1 wrote:
             | The portrayal of that character didn't work for me. I just
             | didn't find him plausible as a high-level finance
             | executive. It's like a portrayal of a CEO for people who
             | have never interacted with such a person in their life. If
             | that character works for you, then it makes sense that you
             | can interpret things in a more generous way.
        
               | dilyevsky wrote:
               | You haven't interacted with a lot of ceos outside of tech
               | then. I'd say irons and especially bettany's low level
               | desk director portrayals are exactly spot on. In some way
               | toned down even
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | That's funny because he is literally based on two real
               | people - Richard Fuld and John Thain (who were CEOs of
               | Lehman Brothers and Merrill Lynch respectively at the
               | time of the crisis).
        
               | jessaustin wrote:
               | I _thought_ the name  "Tuld" might have had a meaning I
               | was missing...
        
         | shrimp_emoji wrote:
         | I pray Jerusalem -- that the entire world -- can afford the...
         | rarity... of a perfect knight.
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
           | What does that mean?
        
             | evan_ wrote:
             | It's a quote from the 2006 film "Kingdom of Heaven". I
             | choose to interpret it as a comment on the pointlessness of
             | posting a line of dialog from a movie as a response to an
             | ongoing news story with no other commentary.
        
         | chrisgd wrote:
         | I think an even better quote for this situation is the one
         | where the same character says "there are 3 ways to make money -
         | be first, be smarter, or cheat. And the easiest is always to be
         | first."
        
       | joshocar wrote:
       | I was literally just talking to a SPAC CEO last weekend that was
       | in a deal with Goldman that got dropped by them. Apparently,
       | there are regulations coming down from the SEC and Goldman didn't
       | want to deal with them and/or the regulations changed the profit
       | calculus.
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Can someone explain Goldman's role? What are they underwriting?
         | SPAC's merge with companies with capital that SPAC's already
         | have collected. Was Goldman underwriting the formation of new
         | SPACs when those SPACs are initially collecting money?
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Was Goldman underwriting the formation of new SPACs when
           | those SPACs are initially collecting money?_
           | 
           | SPACs are chock full of fees to Wall Street.
           | 
           | When the SPAC goes public, it pays an IPO fee. The bank,
           | having to comply with fewer regulations than in a traditional
           | IPO, makes a healthy profit. When the SPAC negotiates a
           | merger it pays M&A fees. When shareholders are presented with
           | the merger and asked to vote _that_ comes with a fee. If
           | there is a PIPE, there are, of course, more fees.
           | 
           | Later, when the sponsors sell their stock, there will be
           | brokerage fees for the block trade. And I assume, in the
           | final stage of a SPAC's lifecycle, there will be de-listing,
           | liquidation and/or distressed debt fees.
        
             | darawk wrote:
             | This suggests a new line of business for SPACs: SPAC SPACs.
             | A SPAC who's only purpose is to acquire and then spin out
             | new SPACs.
        
               | exogenousdata wrote:
               | Sadly too late. It's called a SPARC. Huzzah!
               | 
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/jacobwolinsky/2021/12/16/ode
               | ys-...
        
               | vmception wrote:
               | could sell shares of the management company that the
               | sponsors come from
        
             | vmception wrote:
             | > And I assume, in the final stage of a SPAC's lifecycle,
             | there will be de-listing, liquidation and/or distressed
             | debt fees.
             | 
             | lol, are these target companies saddled with debt though? I
             | don't think so
        
               | BbzzbB wrote:
               | Given the cash burn of the classic 2021 SPAC, if they're
               | not riddled with debt yet they may well be as soon as the
               | stock market ATM stops spitting money (which might be
               | about now).
               | 
               | Which reminds me OP omitted dilution/share issuance as a
               | mechanism for banker fees.
        
             | chrisgd wrote:
             | Underwriting fees on SPACs are less than traditional IPO as
             | it is easier to get done.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Underwriting fees on SPACs are less than traditional
               | IPO as it is easier to get done_
               | 
               | True, but the margins are wider. Most of the documents
               | are boiler plate. The same investors were buying them in
               | comparable chunks from deal to deal. All this before the
               | boatload of the other fees I mentioned.
        
           | bradwood wrote:
           | SPACs themselves need to float before they can make an
           | acquisition. The investment bank provides the primary markets
           | support for this, sets up a syndicate, and markets the spac
           | to the institutional investor community.
           | 
           | There may be a level of underwriting going on also, as is the
           | case with a rights issue or IPO, but it's probably more the
           | marketing and access to the bank's client base that the spac
           | benefits from.
        
         | matt_s wrote:
         | I suspect that similar to how the "market" has various things
         | "priced in", larger financial firms want to stay ahead of
         | regulation and essentially change their business models around
         | ahead of regulations.
         | 
         | I think they all operate on the principle of being first for
         | everything is more profitable, including exiting poor
         | investments.
        
           | ericmay wrote:
           | The best way to think of "priced in" when you are reading
           | something that someone else wrote is to replace those two
           | words with "I don't know". Nothing is priced in. Everything
           | is priced in. When someone thinks of an idea, by virtue of
           | sharing that idea it's deemed to be "priced in".
        
             | totoglazer wrote:
             | No, that's kind of nonsense.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | It's really not. "It's priced in" is just religion at
               | this point and it's really just surface level useless
               | banter. The market is random and softly guided by
               | macroeconomic forces. Interest rates go up and then the
               | share price of Google goes up? Priced in. They go down
               | and the share price goes up? Priced in. Company has a bad
               | quarterly? Already pride in by the nefarious "market".
               | Etc. Recognizing things like that is a good first step
               | toward having a coherent investment thesis.
        
               | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
               | > Priced in
               | 
               | By the time you are talking about, it largely will be.
        
       | costcofries wrote:
       | All I can think when I hear SPAC is Chamath and well, he should
       | at this point be below everyones line.
        
         | strikelaserclaw wrote:
         | people should stop idolizing others just because they are
         | wealthy, some of these guys are straight up gordon gekko type
         | sociopaths
        
           | tssva wrote:
           | Unfortunately that is exactly why many people idolize them.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | 1. Get lucky backing the right companies during the biggest
         | tech bull market in history and get very rich
         | 
         | 2. Build a Twitter following and preach on topics on which you
         | have zero knowledge or experience
         | 
         | 3. People will believe you because you are rich (like they want
         | to be) and so you must obviously be a genius
         | 
         | 4. Use that influence to push your political views and/or other
         | hustles like your favorite cryptocurrency, NFTs, SPACs)
         | 
         | The standard VC playbook these days
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-05-10 23:00 UTC)