[HN Gopher] SEC charges Nvidia with inadequate disclosures about...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       SEC charges Nvidia with inadequate disclosures about impact of
       cryptomining
        
       Author : taubek
       Score  : 386 points
       Date   : 2022-05-17 08:12 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.sec.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.sec.gov)
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | This is a non story. They missed something in the laundry list of
       | legal disclosures that goes in the financials. Nobody ever looks
       | at those since they're a useless shotgun approach covering
       | everything short of zombie apocalypse.
        
         | freemint wrote:
         | This is very much not just missing a laundry list of legal
         | disclosures. They actively lied to investors said increased
         | sales of consumer graphic cards was due to a "Fortnite Boom"
         | when it obvious to industry observers that is was a mining
         | boom. Miners and Fortnite players have very different life-time
         | revenue expectation, miners tend flood the used market with
         | used cards dropping the prices that can be asked for future
         | products, gamers tend to keep their cards and buy new cards
         | when they want to play more demanding games. This leads to less
         | of oversupply on the used market. The last mining bust had a
         | huge negative influence on Nvidia.
        
       | senko wrote:
       | duplicate: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31284952
        
       | twirlock wrote:
        
       | Traster wrote:
       | This is kind of funny because the SEC is basically saying Nvidia
       | held their share price artificially high by doing this, but
       | Nvidia also bought back billions of their own shares, by this
       | logic they were overpaying.
        
         | Slartie wrote:
         | The most successful fraudsters eventually start to fully
         | believe their own fraudulent story. This of course entails to
         | do things that make sense in the fraudulent narrative, but are
         | actually disadvantageous when judging them from a viewpoint
         | outside of the fraud.
        
         | projektfu wrote:
         | That is a separate issue. Stock buybacks can be done to reward
         | insiders. A dividend would be distributed equally and has the
         | effect of directly cutting the share price. A buyback
         | distributes cash unequally and puts upward pressure on share
         | prices. Only insiders know for sure if the action is being done
         | to buy back shares on sale or to distribute profits.
        
           | 99_00 wrote:
           | Stock buy backs and dividends benefit or harm all
           | shareholders in proportion to how much stock they own
           | regardless of being an insider or not.
           | 
           | Unless the insiders act illegally. If an insider wants to act
           | illegally they can do so in any number of ways other than
           | knowing that a buy back is coming.
        
           | rileymat2 wrote:
           | > and puts upward pressure on share prices
           | 
           | I am curious if there is evidence for this. I don't see how
           | distributing capital that could be used for growth pressures
           | share prices up.
           | 
           | People not selling back the shares are trading the current
           | profits for a bigger share of future profits, which may never
           | exist. So I am not sure on a risk adjusted discounted cash
           | flow model there is any justification for increased price
           | pressure.
           | 
           | I always presumed that the main benefit of buybacks v
           | dividends was being able to time capital gains for tax
           | purposes.
           | 
           | But this is all speculation too, no evidence behind my post.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | > I am curious if there is evidence for this. I don't see
             | how distributing capital that could be used for growth
             | pressures share prices up.
             | 
             | Say I have a company worth a $1,000,000 dollars that has a
             | 1,000 shares each worth $1,000. Company comes into a giant
             | one off windfall. They use that windfall to buyback half
             | the shares. There are now there are only 500 shares that
             | own a $1,000,000 dollar company so each share is worth
             | $2,000. Or put another way .2% of future profits is worth
             | more than .1% of future profits.
             | 
             | > I always presumed that the main benefit of buybacks v
             | dividends was being able to time capital gains for tax
             | purposes.
             | 
             | It's not about timing, it's simpler. Buybacks are taxed as
             | capital gains, and dividends as income.
        
             | projektfu wrote:
             | There are two reasons in my mind why buybacks are
             | different. The first is that buybacks are reported after
             | the fact and do not directly alter the share price, rather
             | they increase competition for the available shares and
             | reduce dilution. Dividends immediately reduce the share
             | price by the dividend although the price often moves up a
             | little before the ex-dividend rate.
             | 
             | The other reason is that there are very few stocks that are
             | being valued by the market on any sort of model. That goes
             | for cash flow models as well as other things like PE
             | ratios, etc. We are in the tinkerbell regime, prices went
             | up over the last 10 years because people are clapping
             | louder. Obviously that is a controversial take but I am not
             | predicting a reversal, just saying that the market overall
             | is in a weird place.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | > buybacks are reported after the fact and do not
               | directly alter the share price
               | 
               | But the fact itself adds demand for the shares on the
               | market, affecting the share price.
        
               | cormacrelf wrote:
               | There's also an open market buyback. And multiple ways of
               | doing it off the open market, often known as a tender
               | offer for a popular method where you get shareholders to
               | bid on the lowest price they would accept within a range
               | of premium buyback prices.
               | 
               | Off the market, an offer does become public immediately,
               | that is a necessary component of doing it at all. The
               | sales do not. Directly is the wrong word, there's no more
               | direct way to affect price than a bid/ask/sale of a
               | share. The key is that the information about how much of
               | the stock will actually get bought at what price is
               | delayed on its way to becoming a price signal in the
               | market.
               | 
               | Here's an old-ish but good paper about it, showing how
               | this delay can be exploited by those with inside
               | information. Not a loophole but rather another thing to
               | watch out for. https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/vi
               | ewcontent.cgi?arti...
        
           | Msw242 wrote:
           | A buyback increases EPS and makes the shares worth more. Same
           | pie, fewer slices.
           | 
           | It is just a more tax efficient way to distribute earnings.
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | Buybacks should be banned.
             | 
             | It's bad for society to have companies spend money on their
             | own shares, and dividends have the appealing property that
             | they allow a holder to both continue to hold, and bank some
             | gains for further investments.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | Most holders own enough stock that if they wanted to both
               | bank some gain and hold they could sell some stock and
               | hold on to some other stock.
               | 
               | I think we should get rid of the tax advantage for
               | capital gains though, the mechanism through which a
               | company distributes capital shouldn't determine tax rate.
               | Also I think dividends make it psychologically easier for
               | people to live off the interest.
        
         | Shadonototra wrote:
         | You think wrong, if they commit, it's to push their agenda even
         | further, they knew what they were doing, maybe they did in
         | preparation for such charges
        
         | indemnity wrote:
         | Buybacks increase prices, a large part of compensation is
         | linked to share price, executives don't care if the company is
         | overpaying, they see more in their pocket.
        
         | spupe wrote:
         | Stock buybacks also increase stock prices, and a lot of
         | companies are doing it lately.
        
         | kgwgk wrote:
         | Securities fraud squared!
        
       | YedrickTheYeti wrote:
       | Wouldn't this have been obvious to anyone trading in nvidia
       | shares though?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bufferoverflow wrote:
       | I don't see how it's Nvidia's job to track how their products are
       | used exactly.
        
         | JamesBarney wrote:
         | It is their job not to mislead investors about how their
         | products are used.
         | 
         | This is not a fine for "You didn't know how your product was
         | being used" but "you knew it was being used for crypto but
         | reported to investors that it being was gaming"
        
         | colonelxc wrote:
         | They don't have to. The problem is that they said to investors
         | repeatedly, "Sales are up due to increase in gaming demand",
         | when they actually knew that a signficant portion of the
         | increase was due to cryptomining.
         | 
         | So what the SEC is fining them for is lying to investors. If
         | nvidia didn't know how much of their sales were to
         | cryptomining, then there would be no fine. If they did know,
         | and did share that in their reports, there would be no fine.
        
       | _jab wrote:
       | I'm confused about why this matters. From anecdotal experience,
       | Nvidia seems to be struggling to meet demand for its products
       | right now anyways. It's hard to tell, but I assume that even if
       | crypto took a major hit, Nvidia could still sell a good chunk of
       | its newfound supply to genuine gamers instead. Alternatively,
       | they could invest more into their ML-focused chips instead, which
       | are also supply constrained.
       | 
       | Granted, this might not have been true in 2018, which appears to
       | be what the SEC's charge is focused on. Nonetheless, I don't
       | think the huge amount of demand from crypto for Nvidia's products
       | should be construed as a bad thing; there's plenty of other
       | demand.
        
         | Tuna-Fish wrote:
         | Companies are not allowed to lie to their investors. Part of
         | the deal of being a public company is that all communication is
         | communication with their investors. If they told their
         | investors that they were selling GPUs to gamers, while in fact
         | selling most of them to miners, they violated the law. The
         | principle of it being that said investors might have had a
         | different outlook on the company depending on who they were
         | selling to.
         | 
         | Besides, there is a difference. Because whenever crypto
         | collapses (and it has twice already in the past), a lot of the
         | existing mining GPUs end up on the secondary market. If this
         | happens now, it will have a material impact on the prices of
         | GPUs going forwards.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | On the other hand, NVIDIA does not have legal authority to
           | control where its GPUs actually end up being used (nasty
           | things like drivers shutting down when detecting
           | virtualizations aside). How can _anyone_ prove or disprove
           | that a specific percentage of GPUs end up in a specific
           | market, as long as NVIDIA can prove they have kept their
           | usual delivery targets towards wholesale distributors?
        
             | dematz wrote:
             | This is a good question. I remember having to give my
             | identity before walking out of a store with a computer with
             | a GPU in it, and if someone really wanted to buy multiple
             | GPUs for mining that wouldn't stop them.
             | 
             | The SEC lists some facts suggesting nvidia thought they
             | were ending up mining
             | (https://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/2022/33-11060.pdf):
             | 
             | "NVIDIA launched a product line of cryptomining processors,
             | known as "CMP," which the company marketed to large
             | cryptomining operations ... Based on known CMP sales, the
             | company identified cryptomining as a significant element of
             | the OEM GPU sales"
             | 
             | "NVIDIA also received information indicating that
             | cryptomining was a significant factor in year-over-year
             | growth in NVIDIA's Gaming GPUs revenue. Some of the
             | company's sales personnel, in particular in China, reported
             | what they believed to be significant increases in demand
             | for Gaming GPUs as a result of cryptomining"
             | 
             | These were the 2 most concrete points to me - management
             | was aware miners drove up GPU prices for gamers and saw it
             | as another big market to capture, and sales attributed
             | increased demand to miners. The rest of it basically says
             | crypto grew, nvidia sales grew, and nvidia thought sales
             | grwe because of crypto.
             | 
             | Honestly, I'm not sure it's possible even knowing these
             | factors to know who really bought the GPUs or where they
             | really ended up, but idk all the SEC probably cares about
             | is nvidia not disclosing material seeming information.
        
             | simiones wrote:
             | That is irrelevant. The SEC also didn't go and check what
             | people were using their NVIDIA GPUs for.
             | 
             | The problem is that NVIDIA leadership knew/believed that a
             | proportion X of their GPUs were being bought for crypto
             | mining (thus tying demand with crypto prices), while they
             | reported to investors a different number, Y, with Y < X.
             | This is material information that they simply lied about,
             | which is illegal for a publicly traded company. In fact,
             | the lawsuit could have happened even if Y > X.
             | 
             | If NVIDIA had reported the same numbers they did, and
             | people had been in fact using them at the same rate that
             | they did, but NVIDIA hadn't known about it, then nothing
             | illegal would have happened. If NVIDIA had later found out
             | and disclosed this to investors, again no lawsuit (though
             | perhaps share prices would have changed, one way or
             | another).
        
           | dangerface wrote:
           | > they told their investors that they were selling GPUs to
           | gamers, while in fact selling most of them to miners
           | 
           | I don't think nvidia even did this, they marketed to gamers
           | and reported the correct number of sales. What people do with
           | the card once its sold is not up to nvidia its not
           | information that an investor can reasonable assume nvidia
           | will report on.
           | 
           | If I invest in a steel mine they market their steel to car
           | manufactures and report the correct number of sales. If they
           | also happen to sell to gun manufactures I can't then sue said
           | company for not reporting that.
        
             | runeks wrote:
             | > I don't think nvidia even did this, they marketed to
             | gamers and reported the correct number of sales.
             | 
             | It's not about that. It's about:
             | 
             | " _NVIDIA had information, however, that this increase in
             | gaming sales was driven in significant part by
             | cryptomining._ "
             | 
             | Which they did not disclose.
        
               | davedx wrote:
               | > "NVIDIA had information, however, that this increase in
               | gaming sales was driven in significant part by
               | cryptomining."
               | 
               | > Which they did not disclose.
               | 
               | What's annoying to me as an NVDA investor is that I
               | _still don 't have that information_. Or maybe it can be
               | found somewhere else?
        
           | ajdegol wrote:
           | I certainly wouldn't want a second hand GPU that'd been used
           | for mining; it'd be ragged.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Totally untrue. I've run many many tens of thousands of
             | GPUs for years, in the worst of conditions (directly
             | exposed to seasonal temperatures and environment)... they
             | keep on ticking.
             | 
             | Power supplies on the other hand... those don't seem to
             | last as long, but we open those up and they are hand
             | soldered by someone in China.
        
               | w1nk wrote:
               | It's boggling to me that everyone is so entirely
               | convinced of this fact. Check out this paper from google
               | where they observe this exact process occurring in their
               | CPUs at scale: https://sigops.org/s/conferences/hotos/202
               | 1/papers/hotos21-s...
               | 
               | Given their conclusion that this is the result of
               | manufacturing tiny process transistors, it follows that
               | this can occur in GPUs as well.
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | Often repeated, but wherever you actually see someone
             | testing that theory, they can't spot any issues.
        
             | deadbunny wrote:
             | Is there any evidence that running a GPU/CPU at 100% for X
             | years degrades the product vs average use over the same
             | period?
        
               | colejohnson66 wrote:
               | No; there's been many tests. The mistake seems to come
               | from thinking GPUs "wear out" like cars. The cooler
               | might, but the silicon is fine.
               | 
               | Some even suspect that crypto mining is _better_ for the
               | card than gaming as it avoids the constant ramp-up /ramp-
               | down of the clock/activity by keeping it pegged at 100%.
               | In turn, that would lower thermal stress.
        
               | remram wrote:
               | > GPUs aren't cars
               | 
               | I think another comparison is with hard drives, which are
               | also used by some cryptocurrency schemes, and do degrade
               | faster with intensive use.
        
               | colejohnson66 wrote:
               | Yes, because hard drives, like cars, have moving parts
               | that can wear out.[a] The silicon of a GPU doesn't have
               | moving parts and is therefore more resilient.
               | 
               | [a]: It's (hopefully) common knowledge in the tech
               | community that purchasing used hard drives is a Bad
               | Idea(TM)
        
               | the_gastropod wrote:
               | SSD's have no moving parts, and wear out too, right?
        
               | w1nk wrote:
               | Yes, but for different reasons. The grandparent is
               | probably incorrect though, there is emerging evidence
               | that silicon is actually changing/failing over time. See
               | this paper from google on their CPU cores where they have
               | practical evidence of this occuring: https://sigops.org/s
               | /conferences/hotos/2021/papers/hotos21-s...
               | 
               | If their data is correct, it should follow that these
               | exact issues will happen on the small transistor process
               | GPUs as well.
        
               | w1nk wrote:
               | Actually there's reasonable evidence to believe this
               | isn't true. This paper from google: https://sigops.org/s/
               | conferences/hotos/2021/papers/hotos21-s... outlines
               | specific scenarios where CPUs fail over time. Given the
               | evidence that these are silicon defects that are actually
               | worsening over time, there's no reason to imagine these
               | failures don't extend to GPUs as well.
               | 
               | The difference in data here is obviously scale, google
               | has -way- more CPUs than GPUs so the absolute counts of
               | failures will be different.
        
               | colejohnson66 wrote:
               | I'll concede that silicon can wear out over time; it's
               | impossible for it to be immune from happening, and I
               | wasn't speaking in absolutes. But as you mention, it's
               | one of scale. I'm curious how likely a second hand GPU
               | from a cryptominer is affected.
        
               | w1nk wrote:
               | So that's actually one of the awful implications of this
               | paper. It's probably actually happening at a rate higher
               | than would be noticed by humans.
               | 
               | If a given piece of silicon is hosing up a GEMM (matrix
               | multiply), in graphics scenarios this may be invisible to
               | the human eye as it could potentially just introduce
               | artifacts in a scene rendering that could be entirely
               | ephemeral to the frame.
               | 
               | In the case of crypto mining though, it's completely
               | possible (probable?) that there are GPUs that can't
               | possibly ever calculate a proper SHA3 hash (see the paper
               | on AES instructions that fail in symmetric ways).
        
             | Melatonic wrote:
             | Actually it can be the opposite - if the miner is using it
             | properly and not overheating them regularly they can be in
             | good shape. If they run at a high percentage but the
             | temperature stays constant then theres not a lot of wear
             | going on vs suddenly heating and cooling all the time.
             | 
             | I imagine the bearings in the fan might have more wear,
             | however, but that might be more easily fixed.
        
         | babypuncher wrote:
         | A better question to ask is "why did Nvidia feel it was
         | necessary to lie to their investors?". Lying to your investors
         | is illegal, regardless of whether or not you profited from it.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | What about a year or so later when supply chains are back to
         | normal and crypto demand dries up? Suddenly investors are
         | wondering why their revenues are falling 50% instead of 5% that
         | they predicted.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | GPU mining was consuming much more of the supply than you
         | suggest (that's literally the basis of this lawsuit)
         | 
         | When the GPU mining bubble pops, there's a secondary effect as
         | miners unload their used GPUs at fire sale prices on the
         | secondary market. This means that the demand reduction is even
         | worse than it might seem.
        
         | TheBigSalad wrote:
         | It matters because people asked the question about how much of
         | the business was crypto based and they lied.
        
       | aj7 wrote:
       | Now I know how gun manufacturers feel, although I'm not on their
       | side.
        
       | t_mann wrote:
       | It's kind of strange/funny how much trouble _too much_ demand can
       | cause for a company.
        
       | mcv wrote:
       | I don't quite get this. Was it not blatantly obvious to everybody
       | that Nvidia's sales were largely driven by cryptominers? Did they
       | specifically market to cryptominers and lie about that or
       | something? I don't quite get what they did wrong.
       | 
       | What's also baffling to me is how their share price is taking a
       | nosedive because of this news. Any investor should know about
       | this. And $5 million fine doesn't sound like enough to hurt the
       | company that much.
       | 
       | But if it's true that they misled investors, does that mean that
       | investors can get their money back or something? It seems like
       | any investor who wasn't aware of this is now screwed twice.
        
         | bionsystem wrote:
         | If you have a publicly-listed company you have to disclose all
         | macro, market, and sector/industry risks (as well as company-
         | specific risk) that might impact investors. The mere fact that
         | they didn't disclose it (in 2018) is blamable.
         | 
         | Their stock price doesn't tank on this news, it's trending down
         | along with BTC and other crypto assets. The market isn't
         | stupid, it's pricing into NVDA price the risk of cryptos going
         | into a prolonged bear market.
         | 
         | Investors will probably never get their money back. First of
         | all, NVDA stock is up a ton since 2018, and second of all,
         | shareholders are considered full risk-on and should diversify.
         | Class actions are possible but highly improbable to work. The
         | company has been buying their stock back too which show their
         | commitment to reward shareholders as well.
        
         | Slartie wrote:
         | It was obvious to the gamers who tried to buy a GPU for a
         | reasonable price. If you put some time into this endeavor, you
         | were bound to see all those cards coming in to retailers
         | immediately being bought, with a few appearing on secondary
         | markets at higher price tags but being bought away very quickly
         | there as well. This occurring in parallel with a huge bunch of
         | "looking for GPUs A, B, C, D, offering $ridiculous_price in
         | cash, will take any number of cards" offerings on Craigslist
         | and similar platforms speaks a clear language: nobody is trying
         | to secure various different GPUs despite high prices in
         | basically unlimited numbers for GAMING! Nor do gamers buy up
         | all those overpriced secondary market offerings within minutes
         | of them being posted.
         | 
         | But: the stock market investors that are moving the really big
         | bags of cash rarely have hours and days to spend trying to hunt
         | down GPUs for their gaming rigs. So they wouldn't see these
         | obvious hints.
        
           | BlueTemplar wrote:
           | And it's _still_ not over - early 2022 prices for RX 580 (and
           | the like) were still 4 (FOUR !) times higher than in 2020 !
           | 
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20220126135425if_/https://cdna.p.
           | ..
           | 
           | EDIT : Never mind, still 2x prices, but seems to start coming
           | down ?
           | 
           | https://cdn.wccftech.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Asus-
           | RX-...
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | This is because RX480/580 are the most ROI efficient. ETH
             | mining doesn't require latest fastest hardware because it
             | is memory bound [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://www.vijaypradeep.com/blog/2017-04-28-ethereums-
             | memor...
        
           | MrFoof wrote:
           | I managed to get some GPUs at MSRP over that period and as I
           | got something a bit faster over that period, I would sell to
           | defray my upgrade cost.
           | 
           | I tried to restrict to US buyers to try to get it in the
           | hands of someone who just wanted to play games.
           | 
           | They went to US addresses as my shipping restrictions and
           | other exclusions required, but I unexpectedly got dinged for
           | "International Fees" by eBay.
           | 
           | So I dug in as to why. When I checked the shipping address in
           | Google Maps, they were warehouses. Googling again, known
           | freight forwarders.
           | 
           | From what I can ascertain, one likely went to Qatar, and the
           | other ended up in Uzbekistan. The accounts that bought them
           | were quite old, not new, and had extremely high quantities of
           | feedback. Based on the absolutely extreme auction end prices
           | ($1540 for a 3070!), I wasn't surprised in the end. The
           | buyers were clearly extremely well organized and had
           | exceptionally professional communication.
        
         | cormacrelf wrote:
         | Not putting "blatantly obvious" things in the disclosure
         | documents is WORSE than omitting obscure things. The market for
         | Nvidia stock is not made up of the same people who buy their
         | graphics cards. Maybe even almost no crossover. The prospectus
         | regime for public companies is there to protect ordinary
         | investors who do not know this stuff. The overall effect is to
         | increase the "smartness of money" by avoiding people investing
         | who do not know this basic stuff. And yes there is a robust
         | regime for investors to sue for defrauding them in this
         | fashion.
        
           | Jon_Lowtek wrote:
           | People suing nvidia about their 2018 quarterly reports is
           | actually what happened, the SEC fining them years later is
           | just the cherry on top.
           | 
           | See for example case 18-cv-7669 by the "Ironworkers Local 580
           | Joint Fund" from late 2018, which was later merged with a
           | class action lawsuit.
           | 
           | Nvidia talked about crypto in their 2018 quarterly filings
           | but they allegedly downplayed the effect on the company.
           | 
           | Analysts upgraded their rating, growth prediction of 17%,
           | shares trading at record price. _(for the time, not
           | comparable to today)_
           | 
           | In the last quarter of 2018 crypto crashed, nvidia revenue
           | dropped by 7%, and the share price by 29%
        
           | dangerface wrote:
           | > The market for Nvidia stock is not made up of the same
           | people who buy their graphics cards. Maybe even almost no
           | crossover.
           | 
           | I think this is the problem you have investors buying stock
           | in a company they have no concept what that company does they
           | just know its a hot stock because the price is currently
           | pumping. They go all in with no due diligence assuming the
           | price will continue to pump for no reason and when it doesn't
           | and the supply demand level out they act like they where
           | scammed like the company should have told them when to buy
           | and sell.
        
           | dhzhzjsbevs wrote:
           | The more I learn about finance the more I'm confused how 2008
           | actually happened. We actually have some pretty good
           | regulations in place.
        
             | einpoklum wrote:
             | > We actually have some pretty good regulations in place.
             | 
             | That's only if your basic view of the financial markets is
             | of something legitimate and socially beneficial. I would
             | say that is mostly not the case; and in the past, the US
             | government at times needed to recognize this at least
             | partly, on pain of mass upheaval and system collapse,
             | putting stronger regulation in place, e.g.:
             | 
             | https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/glass-
             | steagall-...
             | 
             | (which isn't that strong either)
             | 
             | This is all before the complex derivative markets formed
             | which gave rise to the 2008 crash. The housing situation in
             | the US even now seems rather tenuous and volatile, whether
             | through some financial crash or a different form of crisis:
             | 
             | https://slate.com/business/2021/06/blackrock-invitation-
             | hous...
        
             | cormacrelf wrote:
             | A lot of it is designed really well but squashing human
             | stupidity on the scale of trillion dollar economies is a
             | perpetual game of whack-a-mole. The message a lot of people
             | got from 2008 that it was the bankers and the system that
             | hurt the little guy and therefore we should no longer trust
             | any of it. And create a new financial parallel universe in
             | which to rediscover why regulation is needed in the first
             | place. Vitalik Buterin today literally suggested an
             | analogue of FDIC insurance for cryptocurrency banks.
             | 
             | My view is that the banks did hugely mess up and did not
             | face enough consequences -- and the correct approach is to
             | massively enhance enforcement. (In many ways that actually
             | has happened.) But moreover they preyed on stupidity, just
             | massive massive stupidity that will always be there to
             | contend with. Fraud always looks better than real
             | investments to the marks. People have to overlook the shady
             | parts, and to make them do that a product must offer
             | unrealistic returns. Millions and millions of people are
             | not smart enough to tell when that's happening to them. As
             | long as the SEC and its ilk let these run, people get hurt
             | and everyone suffers, either personally, or from the
             | inefficiency of fraud generally or the collapse of
             | interlinked financial systems when the fraud gets big
             | enough. Dealing with this is a huge task and often
             | unpopular. If you tell millions of Americans they can't
             | invest in crypto scams, many of them will be royally pissed
             | off, because they were promised riches! That's even worse
             | than whack-a-mole -- letting frauds off the leash for one
             | minute leaves your hands tied unless you are top of your
             | game and have a lot of built up trust.
             | 
             | That's why people keep pointing to the lack of arrests as a
             | huge failure of 2008. As mistakes by government go it was
             | much worse than the bailout, which was rather necessary to
             | limit the damage. It meant people thought the government
             | was in on it, or that they didn't care. Frankly I think
             | Bitcoin would never have taken off if there were a slew of
             | high profile arrests. It would not have seemed necessary.
        
             | rfw300 wrote:
             | It's worth noting many of these regulations came into
             | existence (or became stringently enforced) _because_ of
             | 2008.
        
               | dangerface wrote:
               | The regulations in this case are both very old, I don't
               | think the regulators care about 2008.
               | 
               | Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Securities Act of 1933
        
       | zmmmmm wrote:
       | While this seems like something the SEC should indeed be paying
       | attention to, it pales into comparison with Elon Musk openly
       | breaking every rule in the book on Twitter while they do
       | absolutely nothing (up to and including directly pumping and
       | dumping stock ...)
        
         | elevenoh wrote:
         | What actual rules did elon break?
        
       | lvl102 wrote:
       | I remember I was short the stock via puts quite a bit and they
       | kept saying crypto was 5% of the business which I knew was a lie.
       | It turned out great for me. Fast forward to 2022, you see how
       | much of the GPU "shortage" was due to crypto mining especially in
       | Russia (there are enough anecdotes of people in Siberia heating
       | their kitchens with GPUs).
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > due to crypto mining especially in Russia
         | 
         | When the war started in neighbouring Ukraine (I live in
         | Romania) the local market started seeing graphics cards again
         | which, previously, had been marked by local official resellers
         | as "not in stock for the near future". This is for business
         | procurement, so not even retail.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Card supply/demand delta has already been slowly easing up
           | over the months leading up to the war.
        
         | thesausageking wrote:
         | If, at the time, you had bought the stock instead of shorting
         | and held onto it, you'd be up 64% today.
        
           | lvl102 wrote:
           | I made something like 100x on that trade so I think I did OK.
        
         | daniel-cussen wrote:
         | Right so using waste heat that way is more ecological.
        
           | xxs wrote:
           | Except using heat pumps is a lot more efficient than
           | resistive heating... and/or adding a proper insulation.
        
             | lkbm wrote:
             | Sure, but what % of heating is just natural gas furnaces?
             | 
             | We should evaluate things against what the actual, real
             | world alternative would be, not just against the best
             | possible world.
             | 
             | (That said, I should acknowledge that a large part of that
             | electricity comes from burning natural gas at an efficiency
             | loss, so resistive heating is still worse than the natural
             | gas furnace.)
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | Heat pump based heating from burned natural gas is better
               | than burning natural gas for heating though.
        
               | lkbm wrote:
               | Yes, and that's very nice if you have a heat pump. I
               | suspect people with heat pumps use them for heat. It'd be
               | weird if they didn't.
               | 
               | But, to restate my previous comment: if you have a
               | natural gas furnace and a GPU, but no heat pump, and are
               | deciding which to use for heat, it doesn't matter how
               | efficient the heat pump you don't have is.
               | 
               | If you own your own home and have the capital to get a
               | heat pump, great, do it. But a lot of people rent. They
               | can't just swap out their furnace for a heat pump.
        
               | nkurz wrote:
               | Here in the US, I don't think these are in common use. At
               | least, I've never seen one in person. Are they used much
               | wherever you are? They do seem like an interesting idea.
               | Here's a US Dept of Energy page about them:
               | https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/absorption-heat-pumps
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | From what i have heard it varies a lot on a state by
               | state basis. I suppressed my urge to look up heat pump
               | statistics because frankly i should work on more
               | important things. Just uhhmmm please don't act like i am
               | supposed to research for you unpaid. I might fall for it
               | and hate myself for it later.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Depends on where you live. The rural area where I am have
               | a nearly 100% install of heat pump or geothermal units on
               | any and all new builds.
        
           | kimburgess wrote:
           | See: https://blog.qarnot.com/introducing-the-qc-1-crypto-
           | heater/ (2018)
           | 
           | Such a beautiful idea, if only the computation was actually
           | useful.
        
             | px43 wrote:
             | It's useful for the millions of people who participate
             | every day in the trillion+ dollar cryptocurrency economy,
             | but sure, continue to claim that anything that doesn't
             | directly benefit you personally must be "useless".
             | 
             | Literally hundreds of alternatives to Proof of Work,
             | especially PoW with some enhanced utility (calculating
             | large twin primes, folding proteins, file storage, GIS,
             | etc) have been tested in the real world, but it turns out
             | that a straight up "find the nonce" PoW is the best form of
             | democracy we can build that doesn't require some global
             | registry of every human on earth. Anyone with access to
             | electricity can participate in ensuring the global security
             | of the network, and be fairly compensated for it.
             | 
             | Proof of Stake can work alright in certain market
             | conditions, but those didn't exist on any blockchain until
             | relatively recently. Look at the utter chaos going on with
             | Terra validators. The validating token goes to
             | approximately zero, so bad actors can cheaply buy up the
             | staking asset and hijack validation, further destabilizing
             | the network, allowing the next attackers to buy in even
             | cheaper.
             | 
             | It's a hard problem, and Satoshi's solution is an
             | incredibly elegant one. If you've got a better idea than
             | PoW, then do share. Whoever figures it out stands to make
             | billions of dollars. You should know that it's mostly
             | considered to be a solved problem at this point, and nearly
             | everyone has moved on to other hard problems in the space.
        
               | kimburgess wrote:
               | PoW is not useless. Hashcash in its original form is a
               | prime example. It's good design/engineering that solves a
               | problem.
               | 
               | Blockchains are not useless. Append only, verifiable data
               | structures have countless applications that again, can be
               | used to solve actual problems.
               | 
               | Systems which combine these to create a "trillion+
               | economy" that's sole external affect appears to be
               | inducing an obsessive overuse of the word "fiat" while
               | consuming incomprehensible amounts of the worlds
               | resources--not just power, but hardware, and importantly,
               | the focus of many intelligent people--that is a venture
               | of questionable use.
        
               | Kbelicius wrote:
               | > It's useful for the millions of people who participate
               | every day in the trillion+ dollar cryptocurrency economy,
               | but sure, continue to claim that anything that doesn't
               | directly benefit you personally must be "useless".
               | 
               | The calculation itself, once removed from bitcoin
               | ecosystem, is quite useless.
               | 
               | > Literally hundreds of alternatives to Proof of Work,
               | especially PoW with some enhanced utility (calculating
               | large twin primes, folding proteins, file storage, GIS,
               | etc) have been tested in the real world, but it turns out
               | that a straight up "find the nonce" PoW is the best form
               | of democracy we can build that doesn't require some
               | global registry of every human on earth.
               | 
               | How is "find the nonce" PoW better for democracy than
               | "fold proteins" or "find a chain of primes" PoW? In what
               | way does calculating primes or folding proteins require
               | global registry of every human on earth?
               | 
               | > Anyone with access to electricity can participate in
               | ensuring the global security of the network, and be
               | fairly compensated for it.
               | 
               | What about internet and expensive hardware, don't you
               | need those also? What would you need besides those to do
               | "fold protein" or "find chain of primes" PoW.
        
               | beardog wrote:
               | See gridcoin, it is a proof of stake currency where you
               | can additionally earn coins via mostly useful scientific
               | computing. It's a neat project, but it gives effective
               | control to the boinc server managers. The users have to
               | sign up to earn that way
        
               | Jon_Lowtek wrote:
               | my understanding is that gridcoin "rewards" people
               | participating in boinc by incrementing numbers on a
               | blockchain that uses proof of stake. It doesn't use
               | scientific computing, like protein folding, as a proof of
               | work for the chain itself, which is what the parent
               | comment was all about.
               | 
               | I would love to be proven wrong, to see any reference
               | that grc provides algorithmic benefit to boinc, as in
               | "getting rewarded with grc is proof the provided solution
               | for the requested scientific computation is correct", or
               | even a little thing like storing the boinc participation
               | statistics, but those are features of the boinc network
               | independently from grc.
               | 
               | What grc provides to the scientific community is a weird
               | incentive for monkey-brains: monkey brain sees grc number
               | go up, monkey brain releases happy hormones. It is a
               | mirror of the participation statistic on the blockchain,
               | not because that makes sense, but because blockchain.
               | Sure there is some theory that some monkey may give a
               | monkey a banana for making their number go down and its
               | number go up, but that transaction involves no scientific
               | computation and is purely speculative.
        
               | Feritiuuu wrote:
               | For most people the affects of climate change costs more
               | and have higher impact than what crypto provides.
               | 
               | Better solution: PoS.
               | 
               | Do you know who is using already a highly tuned modern
               | fast currency system based on PoS?
               | 
               | You do. I do. Everyone else does.
               | 
               | It's called us dollar, euro and other stable fiats.
               | 
               | And yes inflation problem doesn't go away just because
               | you use Bitcoin.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | > PoW is the best form of democracy we can build that
               | doesn't require some global registry of every human on
               | earth. Anyone with access to electricity can participate
               | in ensuring the global security of the network, and be
               | fairly compensated for it.
               | 
               | This is a complete, steaming, and self-serving pile of
               | bullshit. It isn't at all democratic and you need far
               | more than just "electricity" to participate.
        
           | wffurr wrote:
           | If only the computing hardware generating that waste heat was
           | doing something _useful_ like serving funny cat pictures.
        
           | IAmEveryone wrote:
           | I have some doubts that any significant amount of
           | cryptomining is actually done in Siberia. Part of that would
           | include a few questions of the definition of "Siberia", a
           | deep examination (i. e. a suggestion to google) people's
           | ideas of the weather condition at that hypothetical place,
           | and maybe a comparison of efficiency of heating a typical
           | rural Russian home with coal vs. burning coal to generate
           | electricity to run GPUs, after transmission over sowjet-era
           | grids.
           | 
           | Considering how cryptocurrencies seem to attract the get-
           | rich-quick crowd, it's impressive to see the levels of
           | motivated reasoning they are capable of, since neither
           | motivation nor reasoning alone seem to be among their usual
           | strengths.
        
           | varenc wrote:
           | _If and only if_ you would have used electrical heating
           | anyway, then using a GPU 's waste heat for heating your home
           | is one of the best things you can do with it and it's "100%
           | efficient". That is, 100% of all the energy your GPU consumes
           | also ends up as heat in your house and it's thermodynamically
           | equivalent to any other type of resistive electric heater.
           | 
           | Of course, the energy consumed by any even semi-serious
           | mining operation far exceeds a home's heating needs.
        
             | the8472 wrote:
             | Not necessarily, a FIR heater (which is also resistive)
             | deposits a larger fraction of its input energy in humans
             | than a GPU cooler which heats the air which then indirectly
             | warms the human and also everything else.
        
             | adhesive_wombat wrote:
             | However, resistive heating is 3-4 times less efficient then
             | ground/air source heating, so if your actual aim is to heat
             | the house, you can do a lot better[1]. It's just better, if
             | you're generating heat anyway, to _also_ use the waste heat
             | than to dump it outside.
             | 
             | [1] YMMV in permafrost regions, and the hardware is too
             | expensive for many people.
        
               | vehementi wrote:
               | Not really a "however", that was the origin of the "If
               | and only if"
        
             | daniel-cussen wrote:
             | They do use little electric heaters some of the time.
             | 
             | And there's smaller mining operations, the economies of
             | scale aren't that great, more the difficulty of finding
             | GPUs. You can lend it to neighbors and give them a cut of
             | the proceeds, you could do the whole town. So in fact
             | ordinary mining operations waste the heat, this would not.
             | 
             | Plus power there is cheap, I would guess nuclear.
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | I want to answer the other poster who shows up dead: how
               | can you lend a miner? Like lending a little heater. Like
               | lending a cow, one guy needs milk the other wants the
               | meat and hide. So if you already have all the electrical
               | heat you really need for your house but want to mine
               | more, you won't benefit from more heat for your own
               | house. Whereas maybe across the street a neighbor is
               | still using little electrical heaters a lot, doesn't
               | understand crypto very well. So they work something out,
               | the neighbor gets heat, pays the electric bill, and gets
               | a cut of the mining, and the original miner provides the
               | GPU through his contacts and gets a share too. So that
               | way the heat doesn't go to waste, and the miner can
               | scale.
        
               | daniel-cussen wrote:
               | Clarifying for alisonkisk, lend means 20 cards instead of
               | 10 you need for heating, lending the other 10 out to a
               | neighbor for his heating. Economies of scale, for
               | instance by buying more cards at a time at a better unit
               | price.
        
               | alisonkisk wrote:
               | How can you lend your miner to a neighbor for heat? You
               | all need heat at exactly the same time. Are you going to
               | move the rig to a different home every hour?
        
         | px43 wrote:
         | Do you think it's more than 5%? Maybe it is, but it seems like
         | every place that offers GPU rental services (Amazon, Vast, etc)
         | they are being used almost exclusively for machine learning
         | applications. The rate they can be rented out is 3-4 times
         | higher than would be profitable for any cryptocurrency mining,
         | which should be a pretty solid indicator of where the demand is
         | actually coming from.
         | 
         | I know I'm in the minority, but my GPUs are used almost
         | exclusively for password cracking. I've got ASICs for the
         | crypto mining.
        
           | muttled wrote:
           | I had a rig on Vast. It wasn't 100% utilized. It mined crypto
           | when it wasn't rented for ML applications.
        
           | rytill wrote:
           | What software do you use for GPU password cracking? Custom?
           | And for what purpose?
        
             | gaspard234 wrote:
             | I worked at a security consulting firm that had an 8 GPU
             | password cracking rig. Teams would be able to send it
             | hashes obtained during assessments/red teams and try to
             | discover passwords.
             | 
             | I was not doing that type of work so I'm not sure what type
             | of software was used but I think it had multiple open
             | source programs available.
        
             | h4waii wrote:
             | hashcat.
        
           | lvl102 wrote:
           | I think the overall impact of crypto is 30-35% of their
           | business.
        
         | legutierr wrote:
         | > there are enough anecdotes of people in Siberia heating their
         | kitchens with GPUs
         | 
         | Hey, all you blockchain skeptics, here's what you are always
         | asking about: a practical use for blockchain tech.
        
           | co_dh wrote:
           | Is this the reason of global warming?
        
             | H8crilA wrote:
             | As much as you living in a steel reinforced concrete house.
        
             | matheusmoreira wrote:
             | Cryptocurrency is not even 1% of global energy consumption.
             | The environment is being destroyed by China, western
             | nations, fossil fuels. If anything cryptocurrency is just a
             | very small drop in their bucket.
        
             | InCityDreams wrote:
             | There are those that day global warming is caused by
             | politicians talking crap about global warming. My theory is
             | global warming is caused by the people that vote for the
             | politicians that talk crap about global warming.
        
             | Y-bar wrote:
             | The Russian energy grid doesn't really have a reputation
             | for being carbon neutral...
        
               | peterpost2 wrote:
               | Don't they have more nuclear poweplants than most places
               | in the west?
        
               | lkbm wrote:
               | Might be more, but it's still a minority of their grid.
               | Wikipedia has a graph for 2016: 18.1% nuclear, 47.9%
               | natural gas, and 15.7% coal.[0]
               | 
               | "Energy Matters" says that EU energy production was 26%
               | nuclear in 2015, but only 12% for consumption[1], so I'm
               | not sure how to look at that comparison. Either way,
               | that's probably mostly France (~80%[2]). US around
               | 8-9%[1].
               | 
               | TL;DR: Yes, most western countries probably have less
               | nuclear, but it's a low bar.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_R
               | ussia#M...
               | 
               | [1] http://euanmearns.com/primary-energy-in-the-european-
               | union-a...
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_F
               | rance#M...
        
               | hwillis wrote:
               | Russian nuclear is ~17% (compare US at 19%). Overall it
               | is slightly less CO2-intensive than the US, as it uses
               | less coal. They have almost as much hydroelectric power
               | as the entire US renewable sector.
        
               | Y-bar wrote:
               | They have a sizeable nuclear electricity production, and
               | in energy use overall they are behind USA, but still
               | worse than many other places:
               | 
               | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC?end=2
               | 018...
        
           | driverdan wrote:
           | This is pretty common. I've been using my gaming rig for
           | cryptomining in cold weather for years. I make money and keep
           | my office warm, win win.
        
           | robin_reala wrote:
           | Resistive heating will generally be less efficient than heat
           | pumps, although potentially Siberia is cold enough to
           | mitigate that?
        
             | orangepurple wrote:
             | The Mitsubishi Mr Slim heat pumps that we install are able
             | to warm your home in temperatures as low as -15degC and
             | -25degC
             | 
             | When temperatures drop below zero degrees, ice will build
             | up on the outdoor unit of any heat pump. How the heat pump
             | reacts to this determines how effective it will be in
             | providing heat to your home. To remove the ice build-up the
             | heat pump will need to go into Defrost Mode. During this
             | time the heat pump will not be delivering heat into your
             | home. HyperCore's Defrost Logic has been fine-tuned to
             | extend the period in-between defrost periods and optimise
             | its heating performance.
             | 
             | Mitsubishi Electric offers heat pump systems with Hyper-
             | Heating INVERTER(r) (H2i(r)) technology which can provide
             | up to 100 percent of heating capacity at 5deg F and
             | continue operation down to -13deg F even wiThe Mitsubishi
             | Mr Slim heat pumps that we install are able to warm your
             | home in temperatures as low as -15degC and -25degC thout
             | auxiliary heat.
             | 
             | https://www.mitsubishicomfort.com/articles/what-is-a-heat-
             | pu...
             | 
             | https://www.mitsubishi-
             | electric.co.nz/materials/aircon/broch...
        
             | wccrawford wrote:
             | I couldn't actually find anything about this in a search,
             | but I think the point is that they're already using the
             | GPUs for something else, and heating their kitchen with the
             | excess heat just makes sense at that point.
             | 
             | The only thing I did find was that apparently Russians are
             | taking the components from kitchen appliances to use for
             | other things, which seems entirely unrelated.
        
               | InitialBP wrote:
               | This isn't really a "practical use for blockchain tech".
               | Rather it's just a positive way to use the side-effect
               | that blockchain tech requires computing components that
               | generate a lot of heat.
               | 
               | Ultimately the heat output has nothing to do with how the
               | tech is used (like bitcoin). If Bitcoin (or other
               | cryptocurrencies) stopped holding value people wouldn't
               | heat their homes like this because it would cost more
               | than traditional heating methods (as someone pointed out
               | above about heat pumps.)
        
             | Aunche wrote:
             | Until 100% of our electricity is provided by renewables or
             | nuclear, resistive heating is just turning converting
             | fossil fuels into heat, which we convert into electricity,
             | which we convert back into heat. It would be more efficient
             | to just burn the fossil fuels on site.
        
               | klodolph wrote:
               | Burning fossil fuels on-site means transporting fossil
               | fuels to people's houses. Natural gas has a GWP which is
               | 21 times that of CO2, and residential natural gas
               | distribution systems are responsible for massive
               | emissions just due to the leaks.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | >> more efficient to just burn the fossil fuels on site.
               | 
               | You forget exactly how efficient a coal-fired powerplant
               | actually is. Love or hate them, they have 100+ years of
               | technological innovation to squeeze every watt out of
               | coal. Your fireplace at home is not nearly as efficient.
               | So an electric heater powered by the grid is almost
               | certainly more efficient than burning your own coal at
               | home in an inefficient stove.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | fpoling wrote:
               | A good oil-burning heater has over 90% efficiency. Even
               | no so good and cheap one can get over 70%. The best
               | industrial electricity-generating plants that runs on oil
               | has efficiency bellow 60%.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | Does that oil-burning heater need oxygen? If it does then
               | it needs ventilation, air movement in/out of the house,
               | pushing that 90% efficiency number way down.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | Tech connections has what you're looking for:
               | https://youtu.be/lBVvnDfW2Xo
               | 
               | Efficiency wise, the comparison between a heat pump and a
               | furnace depends on the outside temperature. Heat pumps
               | lose their efficiency for high [?]T, so for winter in a
               | Russia, a furnace is likely the better option
        
               | pimlottc wrote:
               | You're ignoring heat pump technology, which can result in
               | greater overall efficiency than converting energy
               | directly to heat.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | The parent comment already addresses heat pumps. I'm
               | explaining that there is virtually 0 practical use case
               | for using mining to heat people's homes.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | that assumes the use/utility of the computation is 0. We
               | can all debate if that's true or not about cryptomining.
               | 
               | One day we may heat our homes with distributed computing
               | like BOINC.
               | 
               | Consider the house that marginally has electrical
               | resistive wall heaters (Like the bay area) and an excess
               | of spare computers sitting around (also like the bay
               | area) ... It's marginally better for the house nerd to
               | leave their PCs on using BOINC than run the wall heater.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | If by mining, you mean cryptocurrency creation, the
               | utility is effectively 0. You can achieve the same
               | utility if a cryptocurrency simply credited all new coins
               | to my wallet. If by mining, you mean validating
               | transactions, then that's something you have to do all
               | year round, even if it's warm. That makes about as much
               | sense as asking VISA to send me a rack that does
               | computations for them only when my home is under 20 C.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | yes, which is why the rest of my comment was about BOINC
        
               | namibj wrote:
               | Unless you assume CCS for the fossil plant, which is not
               | a setup that would work well for a typical residential
               | forced-induction gas-fired central hot water heater
               | (combined with passive radiators in rooms or underfloor
               | heating).
        
             | daeken wrote:
             | I've been doing a lot of ML training, particularly when my
             | office is cold. Kills two birds with one stone.
        
             | NorwegianDude wrote:
             | You can still use a heat pump that takes the heat from the
             | exhaust air to warm the fresh air. That way you can get the
             | same amount of heat as if you were using three+ times as
             | many graphics cards.
             | 
             | I usually use GPUs for heating during winter as the power
             | has to be used anyway, so why not get ethereum for it.
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | > You can still use a heat pump that takes the heat from
               | the exhaust air to warm the fresh air.
               | 
               | I don't think you understand how heat pumps work. Heat
               | pumps have significantly greater than 100% "efficiency".
               | They don't turn electricity into heat. They use
               | electricity to move preexisting heat, and it turns out
               | that's far more efficient in terms of Joules of heat
               | delivered to your home per Joule of energy spent. In
               | fact, for any given Joule of energy spent, you can
               | generally move two to three Joules from outside your home
               | to inside of your home.
               | 
               | If the source of heat you're pumping is coming from
               | resistive heating you're using electricity for, you're
               | only getting 1 Joule of heat for every Joule of
               | electricity. Adding heat pumps to this system doesn't
               | help you.
               | 
               | > I usually use GPUs for heating during winter as the
               | power has to be used anyway, so why not get ethereum for
               | it.
               | 
               | Because owning and operating a heat pump is almost
               | certainly cheaper than the costs of owning and operating
               | a mining rig, even offset by the value of the
               | cryptocurrency you generate. You'd almost certainly be
               | better off by heating your home with a heat pump and
               | using the energy savings to buy that same cryptocurrency.
               | 
               | The exceptions to this are if you are in a location where
               | energy is _extremely_ cheap, or perhaps if you generate
               | more than your household usage of electricity (including
               | resistive heating) through solar or wind but aren 't able
               | to sell that electricity back to the grid.
        
               | NorwegianDude wrote:
               | I know very well how heat pumps work, and I find it
               | ironic that you assumes others don't know because you
               | don't understand it or haven't heard of it.
               | 
               | A heat pump doesn't have to take heat from the outside.
               | By using heat from the extracted air, you can use
               | whatever you want to generate heat inside and get
               | multiple times the effective heating as it's reused. Use
               | wood, electrical floor heating or GPUs. It doesn't
               | matter. The energy from the extracted air is transferred
               | to the fresh supply air. The exhaust air will be
               | freezing.
               | 
               | Also, electricity has been expensive the last two years,
               | but mining has still been profitable, considering I
               | already have some GPUs in my workstation and home server.
               | 
               | You don't earn money by using a heat pump, you do(or at
               | least did) by mining. By mining and using a heat pump on
               | that energy I increase the usage of that energy. Win win
               | win.
        
               | blagie wrote:
               | There was a comment on another web site a while back:
               | "The words you're using - it's like you know what a
               | microwave is, but you keep calling it a fridge, and you
               | want that fridge to do an oil change on your cat."
               | 
               | You insist you know about heat pumps, but your comments
               | indicate you don't understand the fundamental principles.
               | 
               | It's an interesting topic, if you find the time.
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | > I know very well how heat pumps work, and I find it
               | ironic that you assumes others don't know because you
               | don't understand it or haven't heard of it. > > A heat
               | pump doesn't have to take heat from the outside.
               | 
               | If you're already spending 1J of energy to get 1J of
               | heat, a heat pump is not going to turn that 1J of heat
               | into 2-3J of heat, nor is it going to recover any of the
               | Joules you've spent to generate that heat. So sure, you
               | can use a heat pump to move that heat around a space. But
               | doing so just spends more energy and decreases the
               | overall efficiency of the system.
               | 
               | The principle of a heat pump getting such efficiency
               | numbers is _entirely predicated_ upon the notion that you
               | 're able to move that heat from somewhere it already
               | exists "for free" in sufficient bulk.
               | 
               | > You don't earn money by using a heat pump, you do(or at
               | least did) by mining. By mining and using a heat pump on
               | that energy I increase the usage of that energy. Win win
               | win.
               | 
               | You fundamentally misunderstand the economics of this
               | situation. Mining costs money in the form of hardware and
               | electricity. In exchange you can potentially extract some
               | amount of revenue. If your alternative was to use that
               | energy to generate one Joule of heat for every Joule of
               | energy spent, you might as well mine to get a rebate.
               | 
               | But the sum of mining revenue minus mining costs are
               | almost certainly _less_ than the costs of simply
               | operating a heat pump instead. Again, you 'd be better
               | off using a heat pump to heat your home and using the
               | money saved on energy to simply buy $CRYPTO at market
               | prices.
        
               | NorwegianDude wrote:
               | As I said, I already have GPUs. If you don't think mining
               | has been profitable for me and others during e.g. the
               | last year then you need a reality check, cause it has
               | been profitable.
               | 
               | > If you're already spending 1J of energy to get 1J of
               | heat, a heat pump is not going to turn that 1J of heat
               | into 2-3J of heat, nor is it going to recover any of the
               | Joules you've spent to generate that heat.
               | 
               | It's not magic, or complicated. The energy spent is used
               | multiple times, as I said. You can save energy using a
               | heat pump both by using it for initial heating, or
               | transferring existing heat that would otherwise be thrown
               | away.
               | 
               | So no, I'm not misunderstanding anything. If you think
               | it's not possible then you too can get this "magic" using
               | e.g. Nibe F750 + SAM40. Check their documentation, it
               | even has charts for everything!
        
               | delecti wrote:
               | > You can still use a heat pump that takes the heat from
               | the exhaust air to warm the fresh air
               | 
               | Unless I'm misunderstanding part of this proposed setup,
               | I'm pretty sure this doesn't work. The higher efficiency
               | of heat pumps comes from the fact that the outdoors is an
               | effectively infinite (for the purposes of a house) source
               | of temperature differential. You can only move as much
               | heat as exists, so you can't use a heat pump to multiply
               | a finite heat source.
        
               | NorwegianDude wrote:
               | I'm not sure what there is to misunderstand. Heat is
               | taken for the outgoing hot air, and transferred to the
               | fresh air coming in. So instead of hot air going out, the
               | air going out will usually be freezing.
        
               | mook wrote:
               | That sounds like heat recovery ventilation; while useful,
               | it serves a different purpose than heat pumps (which
               | heats up enclosed spaces without the ventilation). Also
               | HRVs normally work with whatever existing air and don't
               | use extra heated air...
        
               | NorwegianDude wrote:
               | You are recovering the heat from the ventilation, yes.
               | But you're doing so using a heat pump.
               | 
               | Check out e.g. Nibe F750 with SAM40.
               | 
               | I'm using the heat pump to heat water using the extracted
               | air. That water is then used for floor heating,
               | ventilation air heating and ofc. hot water.
        
               | delecti wrote:
               | In my experience, people usually try to avoid exchanging
               | air with the outdoors when they're concerned about
               | significantly heating/cooling their homes. If you're
               | exchanging air then a heat pump could super heat/cool the
               | outgoing air, and that's the piece I was missing from
               | your proposal.
        
               | NorwegianDude wrote:
               | A house must exchange air. Better insulated houses are
               | basically air tight, so you must have ventilation to get
               | fresh air.
               | 
               | A pro with that solution is that the extracted air has a
               | high temperature all year, making it more efficient that
               | using a heat pump to extract heat from outside that might
               | be -30 celcius. A downside is that the amount of air is
               | limited, so if you need more heat then you have to
               | supplement it with something else.
               | 
               | You get it, but it seems there are a few others that
               | don't realize that a heat pump can also be used to
               | increase efficiency by reducing the heat lost. While I do
               | get that it's unknown to most people, some people here
               | perfectly illustrates the Dunning-Kruger effect...
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | But with bitcoin mining your heat pays for itself, while if
             | you use a heat pump you have to buy power to run the heat
             | pump. So while heat pumps are more energy effient, bitcoin
             | miners are far more economically efficient.
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | This is only true if the value of the Bitcoin you mine is
               | higher than the difference in cost between buying and
               | operating a heat pump and buying and operating a mining
               | rig.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | I don't agree with a lot of things in CAPEX vs OPEX, but
               | this is one that is clearly right:
               | 
               | Having equipment sitting around unused is way more
               | expensive than most people care to think about.
               | 
               | A heating coil might not be terribly valuable in July,
               | but come November it will have roughly the same value it
               | had the previous February. Bitcoin mining hardware that's
               | switched off for five months is losing value at an
               | alarming rate, and very quickly _won 't_ be a net
               | reduction in costs.
               | 
               | Very quickly a heat pump becomes cheaper to operate, and
               | cheaper to purchase. And if you amortize the cost over
               | the life expectancy, that threshold is very, very low.
               | People who have recent memory of living paycheck to
               | paycheck are constantly screwed by the latter, and that
               | Venn diagram overlaps heavily with several other circles
               | that make crypto super attractive to some people and
               | super ridiculous to others.
               | 
               | I went down this avenue of compute as radiator long ago,
               | and I could never get the math to work, unless I moved
               | somewhere that was cold most of the year, and that sure
               | as fuck is not going to happen.
        
               | mwint wrote:
               | Curious, what things in "CAPEX vs OPEX" do you not agree
               | with? I'm no economist, but this sounds interesting.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | In a very brief nutshell, the ways in which buying a
               | little hardware or a tool to save thousands of hours of
               | frustrating development work is not a slam dunk because
               | of colors of money.
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | Heat pumps are not cheap, $10-$15k installed for a small
               | one.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | Neither are GPUs that are run 24/7 at full speed
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | stefanfisk wrote:
               | the one in my cabin cost me $800 including installation.
        
               | pvarangot wrote:
               | A split AC unit that can also run backwards is less than
               | 1000 and basically a heat pump. Not all split units that
               | heat will do that, but a bunch do.
        
               | stickfigure wrote:
               | Are you talking about something that fits in a window and
               | warms a single room?
               | 
               | I recently replaced the 3 ton hvac unit on my small 1500
               | sq ft single family home with a heat pump and all the
               | bids were in that range.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | 2/3rds of that cost is labor. 3 ton multi-zone heatpump
               | kit is $2500-3500, another $250-500 for an electrician to
               | pull #6s and a ground to a 60A disconnect outside and
               | sealtite whip into the heatpump, and 60-80 hrs at $125/hr
               | to install the heat pump and air handlers, including all
               | the exterior wall penetrations and sealing, running
               | glycol lines, installing thermostats, wiring air
               | handlers, etc.
        
               | pvarangot wrote:
               | Yeah single room. There's dual room splits that run a
               | bigger compressor with two heads too. They are usually
               | way cheaper than bigger units even when you account how
               | much juice they eat up but you should do your own math
               | because it depends on the house and the setup.
               | 
               | Also if you want to control every single room including
               | bathrooms and walk in closets it gets tricky.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | In either case, you still have to compare against using
               | the fossil fuels to heat your house instead of turning
               | them to electricity first, to heat your house via the
               | heat pump or the resistive heater
        
               | hunter2_ wrote:
               | This video does a great job at considering that aspect:
               | https://youtu.be/MFEHFsO-XSI
        
               | namibj wrote:
               | In that case you would still have an absorption
               | refrigerator that "cools" the outside and dumps to the
               | inside as an alternative. They are usually either gas-
               | fired or running off of district heating (well, 50-120C
               | seems usual).
        
               | bouncycastle wrote:
               | For bitcoin mining to pay for itself, you need to leave
               | it running to the max 24/7. Each miner is a noisy ~3000w
               | machine. So that's a 3000w heater. You would normally
               | turn down the heater during the day, but if you turn off
               | your miner during the day, you won't break even.
        
               | thinkmassive wrote:
               | Apparently you haven't heard of immersion cooling. It's
               | essentially silent, and many people are using DIY setups
               | to augment a heat pump or hot water heater.
               | 
               | Commercial solutions have been in development for a few
               | years. Here's one example: https://www.wisemining.io/
               | 
               | Edit: after re-reading your comment I realize you also
               | aren't aware that miners can be throttled. Powering it
               | down is not the only alternative to consuming 3kW.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | It pays for itself in dollars but what about the carbon
               | emissions?
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | A lot of places that do electric resistive heat have
               | cheap electrical sources - often hydro or nuclear.
        
               | voidfunc wrote:
               | Do you really think anyone in Siberia, one if the poorest
               | places in the world, cares about carbon emissions?
        
               | fpoling wrote:
               | For a guy in Siberia various climate models show that the
               | global warming will improve life. Winters will be much
               | milder, agriculture will be less risky.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | sobkas wrote:
               | > Do you really think anyone in Siberia, one if the
               | poorest places in the world, cares about carbon
               | emissions?
               | 
               | Unfortunately they care. For now only poor face real
               | consequences of climate change. They are to poor to
               | mitigate its effects.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dsizzle wrote:
               | It seems Siberia is one of the places where living
               | conditions might actually improve
               | https://eos.org/articles/climate-change-could-make-
               | siberia-a... (the "big bog" scenario does cast doubt on
               | that -- e.g. existing structures may collapse).
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | The problem is almost noone there can afford a heatpump
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | My point is that when we as outsiders look at this
               | practice and evaluate its merits, _we_ should care about
               | the carbon emissions even if the people there don't.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | If you live in Siberia you presumably want the planet to
               | warm up more. ;)
        
               | sobkas wrote:
               | > If you live in Siberia you presumably want the planet
               | to warm up more. ;)
               | 
               | No you don't, when permafrost melts it causes ground to
               | move. It is really bad for everything build on or in it.
               | Something like houses sinking and falling apart. In some
               | cases it cause big holes in the ground and they got even
               | bigger over time.
        
               | qwytw wrote:
               | Most of Siberia does not have permafrost, though.
        
               | gwbas1c wrote:
               | I'd assume that they were going to use carbon-generating
               | fuel, and that someone somewhere would already run a
               | mining rig. IE: It's murky.
               | 
               | If they were going to heat using an electric space
               | heater, it's a wash.
               | 
               | If they were going to heat using natural gas, but the
               | electricity comes from nuclear, it's lower carbon.
               | 
               | If they were going to heat using natural gas, and the
               | emissions are higher. BUT, if they were going to run the
               | mining rig anyway, and they've merely turned off the gas
               | heat, the emissions are overall lower.
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | They could heat with an electric heat pump with can be
               | 2.5x more efficient than an electric heater.
        
               | gwbas1c wrote:
               | But heat pumps don't pay you to run them! (I wish mine
               | did.)
        
               | l33t2328 wrote:
               | Which is really interesting because electric space
               | heaters are 100% efficient.
        
               | gwbas1c wrote:
               | (Apologies if you already know this.)
               | 
               | Heat pumps work by moving heat, they usually move more
               | heat than input energy.
               | 
               | Basically, a refrigerator is a heat pump. The input
               | energy runs the heat pump, which it uses to move heat out
               | of the refrigerator. Typically, for every watt of
               | electricity, more than a watt of electricity is moved out
               | of the refrigerator.
               | 
               | They work by compressing gasses into fluids, and then
               | letting the fluid expand back into a gas. Basically, when
               | a fluid evaporates, it absorbs heat as potential energy.
               | The energy can be harvested by compressing the gas at a
               | high enough pressure that it condenses into a fluid. Do
               | this in a loop, and you can move heat.
               | 
               | No laws of physics violated!
        
               | hunter2_ wrote:
               | Or an example that might be more readily acceptable,
               | being something that a person without any domain
               | knowledge could simply test* to prove it to themselves:
               | 
               | Suppose you built a shed around the outdoor unit of a
               | central air conditioning system and let it come up to max
               | ambient temperature. Then right next to it you built a
               | shed with a resistive heater which consumes the exact
               | same wattage as the air conditioner. The first shed will
               | be much warmer because you're not _creating_ heat so much
               | as you 're _moving_ heat. If you increase the resistive
               | heater 's wattage by about 2.5x then the sheds will be
               | about the same temperature.
               | 
               | * Don't actually do this and expect the system to
               | survive.
        
               | InitialLastName wrote:
               | Yes, heat pumps use 1 watt to apply 2.5 watts of heat to
               | a room (by using the outdoor ambient air as an energy
               | source).
        
               | almostdeadguy wrote:
               | Why would we assume they are (I'm not sure that the
               | "someone somewhere" part of that is material either)
               | going to use a mining rig already to assess the merits of
               | mining rigs for heating? That's tautological.
        
           | tenthirtyam wrote:
           | This was the best blog I ever noticed on this topic,an
           | Australian using exhaust air from their miners to pre-heat
           | incoming air to their heat pump. TL;DR - it's worth it.
           | 
           | https://blog.haschek.at/2021/how-i-heat-my-home-by-
           | mining.ht...
        
           | peri wrote:
           | Ah, money laundering, the international past-time-space-
           | crime.
        
       | dangerface wrote:
       | Is the sec concern trolling nvidia? What do they mean by impact?
       | 
       | > the sale of its graphics processing units (GPUs) designed and
       | marketed for gaming
       | 
       | SEC recognises that these cards where marketed to gamers and even
       | recognise that the parts of NVIDIA marketed toward crypto mining
       | was reported as crypto mining.
       | 
       | It seems like nvidia did business as usual and the real problem
       | is those filthy gamers that aren't gaming.
       | 
       | If NVIDIA reported its gaming cards to SEC as crypto cards, now
       | that the crypto market is dead and those cards are being used for
       | gaming would SEC still consider NVIDIA to be in the wrong for
       | their undisclosed impact on gaming?
       | 
       | Seems like SEC is mad at gamers for making money instead of
       | gaming and they are taking it out on NVIDIA. Im just glad some
       | one is standing up to these filthy gamers.
        
         | ideamotor wrote:
         | You sound like Elon Musk. Rule of law and fair play is what
         | makes the US economy work and grow.
        
         | Sakos wrote:
         | > Seems like SEC is mad at gamers for making money instead of
         | gaming and they are taking it out on NVIDIA. Im just glad some
         | one is standing up to these filthy gamers.
         | 
         | 1) Weird of you to add everything after your first sentence
         | without indicating you edited your comment.
         | 
         | 2) I have no idea what you're talking about. This isn't about
         | nVidia reporting their cards as crypto cards. This is about
         | nVidia not reporting what portion of their revenue is subject
         | to volatility in the cryptomarket. SEC isn't mad about
         | anything. It sounds like you're mad, tbh, and I'm not sure why.
        
           | dangerface wrote:
           | > This is about nVidia not reporting what portion of their
           | revenue is subject to volatility in the cryptomarket.
           | 
           | Nvidia doesn't know what customers use their cards for and it
           | especially doesn't know the volatility of the market, no one
           | does. If nvidia knew market volatility before hand they
           | wouldn't need to make gpu they could just trade the market
           | more efficiently than every one else.
           | 
           | You and SEC are talking about pure speculation as if it was
           | fact, nvidia didn't speculate in their reporting they gave
           | accurate numbers as they should. Until you can show otherwise
           | its all just speculation.
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | > NVIDIA had information, however, that this increase in
             | gaming sales was driven in significant part by
             | cryptomining. Despite this, NVIDIA did not disclose in its
             | Forms 10-Q, as it was required to do, these significant
             | earnings and cash flow fluctuations related to a volatile
             | business for investors to ascertain the likelihood that
             | past performance was indicative of future performance.
             | 
             | What proof do you have that the SEC is speculating about
             | NVIDIA having this information?
        
               | someweirdperson wrote:
               | Speculation? It is well-known that their drivers contain
               | extensive telemetry functions. This removes any shadow of
               | a doubt that they know what the cards they sold are being
               | used for.
        
         | Sakos wrote:
         | > In two of its Forms 10-Q for its fiscal year 2018, NVIDIA
         | reported material growth in revenue within its gaming business.
         | NVIDIA had information, however, that this increase in gaming
         | sales was driven in significant part by cryptomining. Despite
         | this, NVIDIA did not disclose in its Forms 10-Q, as it was
         | required to do, these significant earnings and cash flow
         | fluctuations related to a volatile business for investors to
         | ascertain the likelihood that past performance was indicative
         | of future performance. The SEC's order also finds that NVIDIA's
         | omissions of material information about the growth of its
         | gaming business were misleading given that NVIDIA did make
         | statements about how other parts of the company's business were
         | driven by demand for crypto, creating the impression that the
         | company's gaming business was not significantly affected by
         | cryptomining.
         | 
         | > "NVIDIA's disclosure failures deprived investors of critical
         | information to evaluate the company's business in a key market,
        
       | Aissen wrote:
       | The settled charged which Nvidia agreed to pay: $5.5M. What they
       | will pay for failing to buy ARM with all this inflated stock
       | cash: $2B.
        
       | daniel-cussen wrote:
       | This is true. I met a prince once, named Mikhail von und Zu
       | Lichtenstein Oyarzun. Weird fucking guy, but that's how princes
       | are, I didn't judge.
       | 
       | But then lo and behold he traveled to Spain, a country which
       | recognizes nobility, and tried arrogancing his way into a party
       | (like "what do you mean I'm not on the list!?"). The press asked
       | who the fuck is he, asked his parents, his parents weren't his
       | parents, his parents had no idea who the fuck he was. Said as
       | much publicly. "I have no fucking idea who this asshole is" said
       | his father.
       | 
       | And then he was on TV in 2017 or 2018 as the world-class
       | bullshitter of all time, but with much contempt. He had hours of
       | talk-shows just for him, his law school professor going in front
       | of the camera saying what he did was illegal because he pretended
       | to have authority. He was a scammer, in particular he posed as a
       | human-rights lawyer targeting victims of torture to get their
       | secrets and extort them. Tried to do it to me, but you can't con
       | an honest John.
       | 
       | So what happened, going back to your point? He brainwashed
       | himself, told himself he was a prince 10 million times. But lied
       | to himself literally 10 million times.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31408429.
        
         | alisonkisk wrote:
         | > He was a scammer, in particular he posed as a human-rights
         | lawyer targeting victims of torture to get their secrets and
         | extort them. Tried to do it to me, but you can't con an honest
         | John.
         | 
         | You are calling victims of tortures liars?
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
        
             | daniel-cussen wrote:
             | EDIT: You're right I did in fact say victims of torture are
             | liars, at least it can be read that way! Wow, didn't
             | realize it, didn't intend it. So I don't know what he was
             | saying to the others, but he set up many many scams like
             | talking really loud on his cell about "an opportunity going
             | to waste" when we met at Metro el Golf staircase, trying to
             | get me to ask on my own accord what that opportunity was,
             | but I had no curiosity for it. So helping me with torture,
             | I fell for it a bit, but it was something I could not fail
             | to want.
             | 
             | So honest John means many things, but basically it's hard
             | to get someone to engage in a scam without engaging greed.
             | Now with the tortured that's disgusting, it's not greed but
             | he verbally claimed a government payout to the tortured--a
             | pension--ten times higher than the real amount. It's like
             | 230.000 CLP whereas he claimed like 2.200.000[1]. And
             | that's designed to get them to pay him something, very
             | difficult money for a torture victim to earn because their
             | careers are ruined as part of the torture, to keep them
             | down. The torturers advise to steal and impoverish them,
             | never pay back debts. Torture involves bankrupting the
             | victim, it's property crime too. Coerce signatures of
             | course, give up deeds, give up property, give up a car in
             | one case, betray people, betray yourself.
             | 
             | But then the torturer tells you the solution is to get a
             | job. Try to get one with that ruined resume though! "Where
             | did you work in April 2009? No good answer? No hire!"
             | 
             | [1] Morally that's 10x as much, so he didn't actually quote
             | 10x as much because that's too disgusting, too easy to put
             | that in a newspaper headline, it burns too much. But that's
             | how he got the number, multiply it by ten, and then
             | subtract a meaningless amount strictly in order to reduce
             | hatred against him, which he also did with a nonprofit
             | called Sin Odio, Without Hatred, which was linked to his
             | claims of being a human rights lawyer.
             | 
             | My torturers did this too: I was under amnestic drugs from
             | March 29, with a few days on at the beginning, but in total
             | 29 days under amnestics, meaning they give you pills as
             | soon as you awake, all day long, and then you think
             | tomorrow is today, next week is this week, next month is
             | this month. Literally motivating the question, "what year
             | is it?!" Like in time travel movies. But it was less than a
             | month because that's bad PR, saying you tortured someone
             | for a whole month, so they say 29 days, so that I have to
             | say "almost a month" when morally the intention was a full
             | month, minus some meaningless amount to take away the PR
             | sting. Water down the accusation, but if it weren't for the
             | intent to water down the accusation, it would have
             | absolutely been a month! A lunar month, though. And so the
             | reason is they do this to women too, but they menstruate so
             | they know if they've gotten roofied for weeks, unless you
             | shoot the moon, 24/7 amnestics for an entire menstrual
             | period, 29 days, they end up at the same part of their
             | cycle as before the amnestics started, then it's not as
             | obvious.
        
         | isthisbothigh wrote:
         | Which drug is this bot on? Seems to be high.
        
           | ask_b123 wrote:
           | I looked Mikhail von und Zu Lichtenstein Oyarzun up and it
           | seems like the story might be true to some extent. Seems like
           | a person that was impersonating a prince.
        
             | daniel-cussen wrote:
             | Well looking up the name is difficult, and you'll have
             | better luck in Spanish.
             | 
             | I think it's Miguel von und zu Liechtenstein, I misspelled
             | it earlier, it's a tricky one. Said his name was Mikhail
             | legally but when he flashed both copies of his Chilean ID
             | it was Miguel, not Mikhail.
             | 
             | https://www.gamba.cl/2018/05/la-decadente-historia-de-
             | miguel...
             | 
             | It was also in the papers, like Publimetro, and El
             | Mercurio. Also on a morning show, https://www.youtube.com/r
             | esults?search_query=miguel+de+liech..., TVN I remember. 30
             | minute show about him, which I have no problem with it's
             | righteous justice and juicy gossip at the exact same time,
             | win-win. If only all television were that good in every
             | sense.
             | 
             | That's how I found out he was full of shit, I saw his face
             | on a television at a cornershop and it all made sense. But
             | stayed in character to a literally insane degree, and was
             | very consistent about it. He even convinced high-ranking
             | politicians, the President, he went all out. Shot the moon.
             | And it sort of worked out, hey! Isn't that remarkable,
             | actually pulled it off haha, good one.
             | 
             | He did his damndest to get everyone's hatred, too,
             | particularly with that foundation trying to outlaw hate
             | speech and instigation of violence, as a front to commit
             | extortion and virtue signaling. Yeah because then he got to
             | talk to people giving him early warning of pitchforks,
             | could do man-in-the-middle attacks by plagiarizing his
             | victims pleas to elicit the pity that was not rightfully
             | his, and gating access to government help to clean his
             | victims out.
             | 
             | Human-rights corruption, like stealing candy from a baby!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | omega3 wrote:
       | I think the gist is that they've intentionally misled investors
       | by misclassification of sales from more violative, unpredictable
       | crypto into stable pc gaming market.
        
         | voxic11 wrote:
         | There is nothing in this Press Release which indicates the SEC
         | thought nvidia's failures were intentional.
        
       | elevenoh wrote:
       | What a perverse incentive racket the SEC is
        
       | dean177 wrote:
       | "The SEC's order also finds that NVIDIA's omissions of material
       | information about the growth of its gaming business were
       | misleading given that NVIDIA did make statements about how other
       | parts of the company's business were driven by demand for crypto,
       | creating the impression that the company's gaming business was
       | not significantly affected by cryptomining.
       | 
       | The SEC's order finds that NVIDIA violated Section 17(a)(2) and
       | (3) of the Securities Act of 1933 and the disclosure provisions
       | of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The order also finds that
       | NVIDIA failed to maintain adequate disclosure controls and
       | procedures. Without admitting or denying the SEC's findings,
       | NVIDIA agreed to a cease-and-desist order and to pay a $5.5
       | million penalty."
        
         | Lukineus wrote:
         | > "NVIDIA agreed to a cease-and-desist order and to pay a $5.5
         | million penalty."
         | 
         | Cost of doing business.
        
           | H8crilA wrote:
           | More like the SEC lacked evidence that this was intentional.
           | 
           | Remember about the SEC whistleblower program, if you had
           | inside proof of intent the fine would be a lot higher, and
           | you'd get a share of the fine!
        
             | Melatonic wrote:
             | Wait seriously? What kind of percentage do you get? That
             | is.....both interesting and terrifying in a way
        
               | smnrchrds wrote:
               | 10% to 30%.
               | 
               | https://www.sec.gov/whistleblower
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | This sets the stage for shareholder lawsuits, which are
           | better equipped to assess actual damages.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | thats pocket money for nvidia
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Yes, on the other hand not being called out by the SEC for
           | insufficient disclosures helps with investor trust.
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | Many of these actions are specifically geared to tee off
           | civil lawsuits, so the total cost can be significantly
           | greater.
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | I was always wondering why the big players don't just make ASICS
       | for crypto mining that would make happy both the miners (with
       | their faster speeds) and the gamers (who would not have to
       | compete to get a gaming card).
       | 
       | But now it is obvious to me. It is better to have in your
       | earnings gpu sales because you can always claim that you expect a
       | steady source of income. If they had 60% of their revenue
       | explicitly from a volatile market like crypto mining, then their
       | stock would not look attractive.
        
         | _-david-_ wrote:
         | Nvidia has a GPU for crypto. I don't think it helped.
         | 
         | https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/cmp/
        
           | whatever1 wrote:
           | It was just paper released less than a year ago during chip
           | shortage, I doubt that they produced any significant amount
           | of them.
           | 
           | Their performance was also luck luster compared to the
           | consumer rtx cards.
        
       | t0suj4 wrote:
       | So is this basically failure of disclosure that they made a quick
       | buck off the crypto craze and attributed that to the gaming
       | market?
        
         | gitfan86 wrote:
         | Which is material to investors like me who think that crypto is
         | a house of cards and gaming has long term growth potential
        
       | BlueTemplar wrote:
       | FYI 5.5 M$ is 1 hour 47 min of Nvidia's revenue and 16 hours
       | worth of net income.
        
       | Dave3of5 wrote:
       | I think the amount is far too low but charging them is
       | reasonable. Maybe they won't do it again. I suspect with such a
       | low fine they don't care really and they'll just pay it.
        
       | jijji wrote:
       | How would Nvidia even know what people are doing with the cards
       | they purchase? Thats like saying that Intel should disclose that
       | a large portion of its chips are being used to siphon porn off
       | the network.
        
       | sedeki wrote:
       | What's the rationale behind this omission on NVIDIA's part?
        
         | rcxdude wrote:
         | Two things: (GPU) cryptomining is extremely unpopular with PC
         | gamers, especially those who DIY build PCs, because the demand
         | for GPUs for mining is substantially worsening the general GPU
         | shortage, pushing prices even higher. NVIDIA has made a lot of
         | noise about how they are on the 'side of gamers' (such as with
         | their Low Hash Rate cards which have a software lock designed
         | to reduce mining efficiency which held for about a year or so),
         | but in general seems to have been happy in practice to make as
         | much money as they can off of it. So NVIDIA has a marketing
         | interest in downplaying the impact of cryptomining on the
         | shortage while selling as much as they can into the high demand
         | and high prices at the moment. (And tech journalists
         | communicating to these gamers do read these reports and tell
         | the consumers about this stuff)
         | 
         | Secondly, from an investors point of view, GPU cryptomining
         | demand is seen as a lot more volatile than PC gaming demand. A
         | crypto crash or the planned ethereum switch to proof of stake
         | could reduce this demand substantially. If a larger fraction of
         | NVIDIA's sales (and thus revenue) is due to cryptomining, it's
         | less likely to be similar next year (not only because
         | cryptomining might buy less new cards, but also because they
         | might flood the market with used cards, reducing demand for new
         | cards from PC gamers, which happened during the last big crypto
         | crash). This is the main reason the SEC is not happy about it.
         | When reporting to investors NVIDIA also has an incentive to
         | downplay crypto-related demand.
        
         | synu wrote:
         | Presumably that the fine will be much, much less than whatever
         | the value of the benefit is that they earned from the omission.
        
           | infinityio wrote:
           | The fine was ~$5M, nvidia made ~$10B last year - It's
           | approximately equivalent to the amount of money they make in
           | 4 hours
        
         | blihp wrote:
         | Minimizing the perception of downside risk in sales when it
         | dries up to keep share prices higher than they otherwise would
         | be. Had they come out and said approximately X% of a given
         | quarter's sales were mining related, it would have most likely
         | been priced into the stock as cyclical sales with a lower
         | resulting multiple.
         | 
         | edit: this is an old story see previous discussion
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31284952
        
           | Out_of_Characte wrote:
           | Thats still strange as the lowered gaming sales are partly
           | due to increasing prices from crypto miners and higher
           | material costs. Their profit margin and sales only grew
           | larger during this time
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | The point is that it's unreliable income. The cryptomarket
             | can crash, which will have an effect on future earnings. If
             | nVidia isn't open about how much of their revenue is at
             | risk, investors can't make informed decisions about
             | investing in nVidia.
        
       | peri wrote:
       | About damn time, IMO. But as I fix nVidia's bugs, I'm obviously
       | ignorant of anything impacting Serious Cryptographic Engineering.
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | The punishment should be proportional with the sales for
       | cryptomining which they lied about. Investors can be seriously
       | affected by this.
       | 
       | A few million is not a punishment it is encouraging Nvidia to do
       | nasty things in the future since they know they can get away with
       | it.
        
         | thathndude wrote:
         | Agreed. I was invested in NVDA during this period. Should look
         | back and see how the stock performed during the relevant
         | period.
        
         | runeks wrote:
         | I'm curious: how difficult would it be to win a suit against
         | Nvidia with this SEC charge in hand?
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | > Investors can be seriously affected by this.
         | 
         | > A few million is not a punishment it is encouraging Nvidia to
         | do nasty things in the future since they know they can get away
         | with it.
         | 
         | Ok so tell me precisely how much NVDA benefited by not
         | disclosing how much sales were to crypto?
         | 
         | I'm a NVDA stock holder and I just don't see what the fuss is.
         | It's been impossible to buy a Nvidia card over the last 3 years
         | due to scalpers and crypto farmers. I guess I thought everyone
         | kinda knew that?
        
           | birracerveza wrote:
           | The problem seems from stem from the fact that if NVDA
           | disclosed that crypto amounted to 5% of their market when
           | instead it's 5 times as much (random numbers for the sake of
           | the example), investors are bound to suffer more in case of a
           | crypto market crash, because the crypto exposure is much
           | higher than what was disclosed by the company.
        
             | mbesto wrote:
             | > investors are bound to suffer more in case of a crypto
             | market crash
             | 
             | Do we know that actually? There was already outsized demand
             | (demand > supply) for Nvdia GPUs to the extent that
             | consumers literally couldn't buy GPUs for ~2 years (still
             | is a problem) without buying from a scalper. A few things
             | to consider:
             | 
             | (1) In most markets where demand outpaces supply, new
             | entrants emerge. That is almost impossible to do in GPUs
             | due to compatibility/support. So we've had pent up demand
             | in that market.
             | 
             | (2) Consumers waited for supply to catch up to make the
             | purchase even though they were ready to purchase.
             | 
             | (3) AFAIK there was no surcharge implemented by NVDA and
             | this value was captured by scalpers. In fact, the price for
             | performance ratio for the latest series of NVDA GPUs was so
             | good that even if crypto wasn't a thing many consumers were
             | ready to replace their old GPU.
             | 
             | (4) Crypto focused demand is a leading indicator of sales
             | for that channel. With the shift to PoS, the overall demand
             | for crypto rigs could shutter overnight.
             | 
             | My theory (as an NVDA investor) is that sales wouldn't
             | falter because they were already selling products as fast
             | as physically possible due to supply constraints. The
             | question then therefore is what is the forecast 2-5 years
             | out? NVDA is IMO heavily diversified in markets that have
             | long term plays that easily could substitute any dip in
             | consumer GPUs due to less demand from crypto.
             | 
             | TL;DR - I think people are overthinking this and if you
             | don't have any idea of how to calculate what a meaningful
             | penalty should be (i.e. "well the company was set to gain X
             | amount of profit due to their infraction") then it's hard
             | for me to take the argument seriously that $5M "isn't
             | enough".
        
           | flerchin wrote:
           | If I were the SEC, I'd say that they lied about it to avoid a
           | risk discount on their stock. The volatility of crypto
           | currencies exposes their business to more risk. Whether
           | that's true, or provable, IDK. However, it is motive for
           | Nvidia to lie, and they did lie.
        
         | remram wrote:
         | Punishing the company just hurts investors further. The board
         | members or CEO should be fined personally if they lied.
        
       | techwiz137 wrote:
       | It's interesting to note that their stock started to take off
       | somewhere in 2014 and exploded in 2017, correlation doesn't mean
       | causation, but it's fits so perfectly with the rise of mining.
       | 
       | Well rise of mining is somewhat a misunderstanding, because since
       | I've been a frequent user of cryptocurrency since early 2011,
       | from my point of view that's when GPU mining started but I
       | digress.
        
       | tiku wrote:
       | So a GPU made for gaming is used for computing something, and
       | then it is their fault? Would they rule the same if you sell
       | knives for Bushcrafting, but they are using the knives in
       | kitchens?
       | 
       | And one could argue that gaming is also rendering / computing /
       | solving problems.
        
         | tehbeard wrote:
         | It's not about how the customer used them.
         | 
         | It's about what NVidia told their stockholders in reports.
         | 
         | Rather than: "This years growth is fueled by sales to the
         | cryptominer market" (which is a pretty dang volatile market to
         | sell to as a crash will floor nvidia's market with cheap used
         | cards rather than selling overinflated new ones...)
         | 
         | They lied and said: "oh yeah no, totes all those gamers buying
         | cards for sick rigs", and the pc gamer market is much more
         | stable, it's predictable, you know roughly when / how much of
         | the market will be buying new to replace a card that's now too
         | old/limited.
         | 
         | tl;dr they lied about who they were selling to, because the
         | volatility (no guarantee of that market still existing in a
         | year or two's time) would make shareholders understandably
         | nervous.
        
           | dangerface wrote:
           | I have seen several people claim nvidia lied and was telling
           | investors that their increase in sales was because of a
           | fortnight boom but I can't find where nvidia allegedly said
           | that.
           | 
           | It seems like they didn't lie they sold gpu and reported the
           | correct number of gpu sold. The only claim nVidia made was
           | that it marketed these cards to gamers which the SEC
           | acknowledges they did, this isn't a lie.
        
       | Linda703 wrote:
        
       | hexo wrote:
       | SEC charges company for not disclosing trade secret. What a
       | shame.
        
         | freemint wrote:
         | As a publicly traded company you have to disclose certain trade
         | secrets. Tough Luck.
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | Didn't they settle this already?
       | 
       | https://www.engadget.com/nvidia-sec-settlement-crypto-mining...
        
         | vmception wrote:
         | Yes the dates match up with this article
         | 
         | Its old news by a week or week and a half
        
       | alangibson wrote:
       | I'm pretty content to buy Nvidia on the way down. Their position
       | in the type of silicon that is essential to the future of
       | computing would be very hard to assault.
        
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