[HN Gopher] Legends Solar - Buy operating solar panels on commer...
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       Legends Solar - Buy operating solar panels on commercial solar
       farms
        
       Author : justicz
       Score  : 72 points
       Date   : 2022-05-31 20:40 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.legends.solar)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.legends.solar)
        
       | ncmncm wrote:
       | I thought this was going to be about solar panels installed
       | synergistically on food farms, running more efficiently because
       | of the lower temperature, and increasing farm yield by reducing
       | heat and water stress on the plants. (Most plants can turn only a
       | fixed maximum of photons into sugar, daily, easily exceeded in an
       | hour or three of full sun, with exposure after just endured.)
       | 
       | There is a clever form of this where the panels are mounted
       | vertically in fencerows running north-south. The "bifacial"
       | panels collect both morning and afternoon sun, with room between
       | for a tractor.
       | 
       | Another form is to mount the panels horizontally directly above
       | the plants, so they get sun only in morning and afternoon, and
       | are protected from harshest noon light, and also freak
       | hailstorms. The panels are cantilevered out from both sides of
       | fenceposts running down a row, with the tractor driving in space
       | between rows and running its attachments under.
       | 
       | In pasture you can do whatever is cheap, so long as the herd can
       | get to grass under them. The herd might also do better with less
       | exposure, and they keep the weeds down.
       | 
       | Usually there is a little less room for the plants, per acre, but
       | possibly higher yield anyway, and the field produces saleable
       | power year round. The panels are not as close together as in a
       | dedicated solar farm, but dual-use land is free, so there is no
       | need to scrimp.
       | 
       | It is easy to find loud complaints in England about farms that
       | have converted 100% to solar because it makes the farmer more
       | money than actually farming. This seems like a good compromise.
        
         | Vladimof wrote:
         | Why would you think that natural photosynthesis is worst then
         | artificial one?
        
           | eointierney wrote:
           | I don't think it's "worse" is the intention, but rather that
           | we need electricity as well as photosynthesis, and combining
           | the two effectively is efficient for us. And now "it from
           | bit" rears its beautiful head.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | turtledove wrote:
           | Because natural photosynthesis is more complex and is in
           | service of growing a plant, so it only needs to run for a
           | little part of the day. It also takes water and needs to be
           | protected from pests, diseases, and herbivores.
           | 
           | But it also sequesters carbon, and if planted well can be
           | entirely self sustaining.
           | 
           | So, neither is better, both are good. We need to plant more
           | trees and place more solar panels.
        
           | ncmncm wrote:
           | Who thinks that? But solar panels can convert north of 20% of
           | incident light to usable power. The most efficient known
           | plant chemistry can convert 4% of incident light to sugar,
           | the principal constituent of cellulose. Most plants are at
           | 2%. But of course we have needs for such output not satisfied
           | by electric current.
        
       | sremani wrote:
       | Good Idea, for those who live in places that are not optimal for
       | Solar on the roof , they can fund one of these and feel good
       | about it. The biggest problem is the green-washers have unlimited
       | marketing budgets.
        
       | RyEgswuCsn wrote:
       | Is this... technically "securitization of the weather"?
        
       | spinaltap wrote:
       | At the end of the day, it all comes down to ROI. If this had a
       | good ROI, it probably already attracted enough investors without
       | needing to create such a investment product. If not, then I might
       | as well buy SP500.
        
         | Bluecobra wrote:
         | One interesting thing I found is that there is a downward trend
         | for electricity prices (adjusted for inflation) for the last 40
         | years so it doesn't seem like there's no future growth:
         | 
         | https://www.usinflationcalculator.com/inflation/electricity-...
        
         | gisely wrote:
         | I strongly disagree. I would quite happy to invest a venture
         | like if I was confident it would help us make a transition to
         | renewable energy faster, even if the ROI was significantly
         | worse on average than S&P. My concern is how do I know that
         | buying solar panels with them will actually help to increase
         | the percent of renewable energy being supplied by the grid. I
         | don't want to just help some commercial investor who has built
         | out a solar project recover the capital they've put into it
         | unless they'll guarantee they are going to put that capital
         | back into building more renewable generation.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | You can say that about any ESG investment, though.
         | 
         | Matt Levine writes about this sometimes. One possible
         | justification to invest in ESG is that you believe that
         | investments that are relatively good for the environment (or
         | whatever) will beat the stock market. Another justification is
         | that it makes the cost of raising funds cheaper for companies
         | that are good for the environment and more expensive for
         | companies that are worse for the environment.
         | 
         | According to the latter theory, if it's working, you _should_
         | earn less than the S &P 500. If you're not earning less, you
         | haven't lowered the cost of raising funds.
         | 
         | (On the other hand, if a company is advertising a niche
         | investment to small investors, they probably have a cost of
         | customer acquisition that's going to be cutting even more into
         | investment returns? Isn't their cost of raising funds going to
         | be pretty high?)
        
         | dqpb wrote:
         | This sounds false. Couldn't you make the same argument about
         | the entire stock market?
        
           | JamesBarney wrote:
           | This doesn't apply to the stock market because the stock
           | market is the alternate investment for retail investors.
           | 
           | But this does apply to most investments. Most investments
           | that are looking for retail investors are scams. If they
           | delivered ROIs better than or as good as the S&P they'd
           | attract large sophisticated investors.
        
         | coda_ wrote:
         | The return, for some people, will be more than the just the
         | money though (because they'll attribute some value to the green
         | aspect). For them it doesn't necessarily have to beat the
         | SP500. The sum of the money earned and their perceived green
         | value will likely have to exceed it, I agree.
        
         | martythemaniak wrote:
         | Radio On Internet?
         | 
         | Joking aside, why would that be? They're creating an investment
         | vehicle that pays 7% return subject to various conditions and
         | taking some cut for themselves. You can't just assume that all
         | investments are already fully sold on the market and no one can
         | create new ones.
        
         | elil17 wrote:
         | ROI is only one factor - the other is risk. These are an
         | interesting asset because, while they have some risk, that risk
         | is at least partially decoupled from market risk. It could also
         | be a hedge against energy prices rising (depends how the power
         | purchase agreement is structured).
        
         | smt88 wrote:
         | ROI is not knowable ahead of time. This might fit one person's
         | risk profile and not someone else's.
         | 
         | It's also a good asset for people who are OK with lower returns
         | if the investment slows climate change, or for people who want
         | to make a bet that solar will be in higher demand in the
         | future.
        
         | agucova wrote:
         | Note that ROI is not the only criteria for investment. Some
         | people invest on lower ROI investments if they think the
         | positive externalities align with their values, and risk is
         | just as important as ROI anyway.
         | 
         | While I don't think this investment is effective either way,
         | there is probably a market for people that want a more visible
         | way to track their impact.
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | It might be useful to think of Legends Solar panels as a kind
         | of fixed income security. It depreciates over time but produces
         | a steady stream of dividends. Significantly lower risk than the
         | stock market, but with somewhat predictable returns.
         | 
         | The important thing we hope to capture is the experience...
         | it'll feel much more like owning a consumer product than an
         | investment.
        
       | tims33 wrote:
       | Really like the idea that you're making a bet on the commercial
       | return of these panels. Obviously, it doesn't have the advantage
       | of something like Net Energy Meeting, but that is only available
       | in a few places anyway.
       | 
       | To me, the most important thing would be assured that this
       | investment truly creates new panel installations vs just being an
       | arbitrage play on reselling existing solar capacity. Is there
       | anything about this program that ensures the solar panels create
       | net new capacity?
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | This is high on our minds, as well. Particularly as we add
         | dozens or hundreds of facilities, an important question will be
         | how the investor chooses (they will likely all have similar
         | economics).
         | 
         | For our first offerings, we will likely purchase existing
         | facilities or contribute financing to new ones. Over time, we
         | hope to select facilities where our member's additive benefit
         | is more clear.
        
       | dsr_ wrote:
       | In what ways is this better than investing in a hypothetical
       | public utility that intends to make all its electricity from
       | solar panels?
       | 
       | In what ways is this worse than that?
        
         | GOONIMMUNE wrote:
         | > investing in a hypothetical public utility that intends to
         | make all its electricity from solar panels?
         | 
         | Is this something I can do as a retail investor? What sort of
         | minimum investment is needed?
        
       | foobiekr wrote:
       | This is basically a variation on the SolarCity business model,
       | but focusing on commercial properties. There is probably a
       | business here, but not one that tries to recruit individual
       | investors because it will only be profitable at scale, and the
       | kind of financial backing needed to do this is available to
       | qualified teams. The recruiting individuals thing is basically an
       | admission that this team does not have access to that kind of
       | backing.
       | 
       | A perusal of the LinkedIn profiles for the team shows a set of
       | people with no relevant experience and probably no business
       | running this kind of company. The low dollar amounts also
       | emphasize this aspect.
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | We've lined up a number of finance partners to help facilitate
         | transactions. Our first priority on our seed raise will be to
         | bring some qualified finance experts in house.
         | 
         | We've been working with accredited investors who are making
         | 100K+ investments for entire solar facilities. We think of
         | those transactions as our training wheels as we build out our
         | software, financial knowledge, and design.
         | 
         | As we evolve to a larger scale we will certainly bring on
         | specialists to support the product.
        
         | arcticbull wrote:
         | I see, your argument is that like (for instance) LendingClub,
         | the economies of scale always favor large investors, and that
         | this platform simply cannot get large investors onboard. That
         | may be due to a lack of connections, or due to some other
         | potential fundamental issues with the business model. At the
         | end of the day if the business is sound it makes more sense to
         | target fewer large investors - not many, smaller ones. If this
         | model makes sense, it would probably just pivot like
         | LendingClub and cut off access for small investors. And if not,
         | small investors will be holding bag.
         | 
         | I buy that.
        
           | foobiekr wrote:
           | No one in their right mind wants to build a pseudo-investment
           | company dealing with tons of small investors in the few
           | hundreds of dollars to few thousands of dollars range. The
           | only thing missing here is a crypto coin.
           | 
           | If they really have a business model that can yield 8+%
           | annual, assuming they get a cut, then they would raise real
           | capital and not deal with randos. They don't.
        
             | yepnopemaybe wrote:
             | We will never work with crypto because we care about our
             | investors and don't intend on defrauding them.
             | 
             | There are plenty of small retail investing companies that
             | deal with small account sizes. Acorns, Robinhood, etc. come
             | to mind. Over time, I'd hope that our average account size
             | would be in the 10K+ range, but depending on CAC, small
             | dollar would be fine.
             | 
             | Our innovation here is investment UX. The realized return
             | might be a point or two north or south of 8% depending on
             | the risk profile we go with - not far off course for the
             | industry. Our current accredited investors get about 10%,
             | but that's with tax equity incentives we might not be able
             | to pass to retail investors.
             | 
             | We will be 100% transparent about our pricing model.
        
           | yepnopemaybe wrote:
           | What we are doing is super simple. Equity ownership in real,
           | operating solar panels. There is nothing particularly
           | synthetic or structured about these investments (i.e. like
           | BNPL, etc.)
           | 
           | We need enough scale to move a large (20M+) facility, but
           | beyond that scale will only help insofar as bringing on
           | follow on investments and referrals becomes a bit easier. We
           | may also do some institutional stuff, but for the time being,
           | we are 100% consumer focused and always will be.
           | 
           | Our innovation is to bring a consumer experience and true
           | design focus to investing. Instead of treating retail
           | investors like tiny little hedge funds, we design the product
           | to match their expectations of what 'ownership' should be.
        
             | foobiekr wrote:
             | That is not a competitive differentiator.
        
               | yepnopemaybe wrote:
               | Show me where I can buy an operating solar panel if I
               | don't have a suburban rooftop. Would make my life so much
               | easier!
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > The recruiting individuals thing is basically an admission
         | that this team does not have access to that kind of backing.
         | 
         | I would assume they plan to finance the large installations and
         | then pay off the financing by re-selling the projects to retail
         | investors in increments mapping to approximately 1 panel.
         | 
         | In theory they'd only need to keep enough working capital to
         | fund installations until PTO (power turn on) at which point
         | they could "sell" them to retail investors and turn over the
         | capital for the next install.
         | 
         | In practice I'd be worried about what happens if (or when) the
         | company goes out of business. Does my initial investment
         | disappear and someone else now owns the solar installation?
         | 
         | This feels like an offer to become an investor in a risky solar
         | install without any of the actual rights that come from being
         | an investor in a solar install. If the company fails for
         | whatever reason, your solar install goes to the company's
         | investors and you get nothing.
        
       | phrz wrote:
       | This is like a high-tech version of the orange grove that sold
       | investment contracts for the harvest of oranges in the famous
       | _Howey_ case
        
       | coda_ wrote:
       | Very cool concept, I can see a lot of people being interested in
       | this. The site does a good job of simplifying things to make it
       | very accessible as well. After poking around in the FAQ, I don't
       | see anything about selling your investment if you want out. Once
       | you "purchase" some panels/shares, how and where do you sell
       | them? And how is the price of that sale determined? Look forward
       | to learning more about this.
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | I can't guarantee a secondary market quite yet, certainly not
         | on launch, but it's something that will be a priority. I may
         | find a way to build in liquidity short of a secondary market
         | (our accredited investors have a 7 year term).
        
       | tekno45 wrote:
       | Do these come from residential solar leases? does this count as
       | commercial?
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | These will be commercial and utility scale solar facilities. We
         | may get into residential in the future!
        
           | foobiekr wrote:
           | Show your work. Justify your ROI estimate.
        
             | yepnopemaybe wrote:
             | It will depend on so many factors. Our current accredited
             | investors are getting about 10%+, but that's only because
             | they have access to tax equity benefits.
             | 
             | We are still in an early stage of creating the financial
             | product, and the realized returns will be a function of the
             | risk profile we choose (i.e. will there be construction
             | risk, insurance, who is the power purchaser, etc.)
             | 
             | Don't worry, you'll get a detailed financial profile/pro
             | forma before you have to make a investment decision.
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | So let me get this straight. You are soliciting
               | engagement and don't even have the financials worked out?
        
           | tekno45 wrote:
           | Will you be financing future farms, or does this only include
           | existing farms?
        
             | yepnopemaybe wrote:
             | For the time being, we are working with either newly
             | operational or existing solar farms. Once we have a
             | community of investors, a lot of doors will open in terms
             | of the kinds of financings we'll be able to accommodate.
             | 
             | For the time being, we want to keep our investors our of
             | construction risk and tell a super simple story through our
             | design. More to come though.
        
               | nonrandomstring wrote:
               | It's a cool idea. I like it.
               | 
               | A product I'd jump at is if you pay me back in electron
               | volts end-to-end, wherever I am. Is that feasible? Say I
               | live in an apartment block. I really want to go solar,
               | but have no roof or land. I'll pay you to erect and
               | manage 1kW of panels out on the farm for me and I get
               | back, say 750W (you skim 25%). But I get it through my
               | utility company (it just comes off my bill).
        
               | yepnopemaybe wrote:
               | I'd say that we are like Community Solar (what you
               | described) but more portable. We combine aspects of stock
               | equity with aspects of community solar. A different
               | model, but one that can exist in symbiosis with
               | Community.
        
       | splitrocket wrote:
       | The math here is pretty straightforward, however, it doesn't look
       | like all of the components necessary to do the math are
       | available.
       | 
       | 1. How long do I "own a solar panel"? Indefinitely?
       | 
       | 2. What is the wattage of the solar panel and where is it
       | located? i.e. what wattage will it produce consistently YoY? What
       | power market?
       | 
       | 3. What percentage fees does Legends take?
       | 
       | Frankly, #1 is the most important factor here by a long shot.
        
         | maerF0x0 wrote:
         | gonna pile on here so it's easy for OP to answer.
         | 
         | 4. What contracts are in place to maintain the panel, and lease
         | the space? What happens if the building decides to discontinue
         | service. Will the solar panel be delivered to me (at what fee?)
         | will the solar panel be re-placed on top of another building?
         | (at what fee?)
         | 
         | 5. are the devices insured against common forms of damage?
         | (wind, hail, acts of humankind)
         | 
         | 6. Can we implement at "DRIP" style reinvestment program where
         | our ROI just funnels back into more?
        
           | dpifke wrote:
           | 7. Can I re-sell my "panels" (shares in the facility) at a
           | later date if I want out?
        
             | yepnopemaybe wrote:
             | We hope to eventually operate a secondary market where you
             | could do this. Depends on a few regulatory factors we are
             | still considering. Definitely a priority.
        
               | dpifke wrote:
               | I'm curious the legal structure of what you're selling
               | here. The terms and conditions on your website[0] seem
               | generic, and don't describe the offering.
               | 
               | You're promoting something you call "shares"[1], which
               | promise to pay a dividend. Regardless of whether or not
               | they can be resold, I assume your counsel has figured out
               | a way that these aren't considered "marketable
               | securities" within the meaning of the Securities Act of
               | 1933, which would trigger all sorts of SEC scrutiny.
               | 
               | I assume you're familiar with the early business model of
               | Prosper Marketplace and their struggles[2] with the SEC
               | over a similar issue.
               | 
               | Does this fall under the Regulation Crowdfunding
               | exception[3] or is there another loophole?
               | 
               | (This is not meant as criticism; I'm genuinely curious.
               | I'm not an expert, and the legal landscape has quite
               | possibly changed since I last researched this issue.)
               | 
               | [0] https://www.legends.solar/legal/terms-and-conditions
               | [1] https://www.legends.solar/learn/actual-ownership [2]
               | https://www.sec.gov/litigation/admin/2008/33-8984.pdf
               | (PDF) [3] https://www.sec.gov/education/smallbusiness/exe
               | mptofferings/...
        
               | yepnopemaybe wrote:
               | We are still structuring our first product - so it will
               | depend, but we have options for all of these questions.
               | From the securities side, we might consider Reg A+ or
               | other crowdfunding regulation. I'd look into the
               | structure Masterworks.io uses to learn more (I've in fact
               | discussed this with their GC).
               | 
               | We've been building our beta with accredited investors
               | under Reg D.
        
           | yepnopemaybe wrote:
           | These are all great questions - so far we've worked with
           | accredited investors to place $100K+ solar facilities while
           | we've built our product. They are basically beta testers
           | while de get out design, software, payments integrations, etc
           | going.
           | 
           | We answered those questions for accredited, for everyday
           | retail investors it will depend on the solar facility we
           | select and the financial structuring design.
        
             | _eht wrote:
             | They even numbered them for you...
        
             | anakaine wrote:
             | 100k+ facilities is a bold claim. Do you mean panels?
             | 
             | How many panels does the average facility have?
        
               | yepnopemaybe wrote:
               | Sorry, I meant $100K
        
             | adenner wrote:
             | Great questions, lacking in answers... would you care to
             | share what you expect the answers to be? It is hard to get
             | on board with the number of unanswered questions.
        
             | kingcharles wrote:
             | Tell me you don't want to answer the questions without
             | telling me you don't want to answer the questions...
        
             | guerrilla wrote:
             | I really wanted to take you seriously but that's impossible
             | if you won't answer any fo these simple questions. This is
             | a real bad look that does not inspire confidence.
        
         | vorpalhex wrote:
         | (2) is critically important as well. A panel is going to do
         | differently in Texas than Maine.
        
       | MrGuts wrote:
       | A company named "Legend Solar" had some heartburn in Utah, about
       | 3-4 years ago. Cashflow problems, incomplete installations,
       | customers left hanging, the usual story. Utah wanted to pull
       | their business license. So is this "Legends Solar" a reboot? The
       | name is spelled a little differently.
        
       | colincooke wrote:
       | Interesting product, I'm curious how the ongoing fees (operations
       | and maintenace, etc.) are managed. Does the provider of the
       | installation take a cut? Does Legends do the O&M?
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | We are still structuring our first retail investment (though
         | we've done a few with accredited investors). We pledge to be
         | upfront about our fee/cost structure which is likely to be an
         | upfront financing fee and a portion of payments.
        
       | rr808 wrote:
       | I'd love a good list of different commercial wind/power
       | investments. So much green washing out there.
        
       | LunaSea wrote:
       | I wonder if it will be possible to sell your stake after having
       | bought some solar panels?
       | 
       | Also, will you be legally proprietary of said panels?
        
       | PragmaticPulp wrote:
       | Potentially interesting idea, but the founding team doesn't
       | inspire a lot of confidence: https://www.legends.solar/v2-the-
       | team
       | 
       | One "product designer", one former art gallery manager, and one
       | embedded engineer with a couple years of experience.
       | 
       | Advisors include another "product designer", someone who
       | describes themselves as a "storyteller film maker", and someone
       | in the solar financing space. At least there's one person in here
       | with semi-related solar financing experience.
       | 
       | Of course, it's entirely possible for a scrappy team like this to
       | execute on a startup if they can get all of the right pieces
       | aligned. I do get skeptical when the founding team and advisors
       | have more "designers" than doers, though. Seeing the founder have
       | "summer design associate" as a title within the past few years
       | doesn't really inspire confidence in a capital-intensive solar
       | company.
       | 
       | Would love to see them succeed! However, I would need to see some
       | proof that they can execute before I'd even consider touching
       | this. This is the kind of business where you lose any claim to
       | your solar panels the second they go out of business, and many
       | lenders are happy to prey on those scenarios.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | yepnopemaybe wrote:
         | Resident 'Summer Design Associate' here - (might be time to
         | take that one off my LinkedIn).
         | 
         | We've been placing 100K+ solar facilities with accredited
         | investors for a few months now as we've gotten our private beta
         | version off the ground. We've also been working with more
         | experienced finance partners to structure future investments
         | available on Legends Solar.
         | 
         | My wonderful cofounder hails from the art world, and has been
         | helping to place our accredited product. She will be key in
         | helping Legends create a resonant brand with cultural currency
         | as we grow and evolve.
         | 
         | Before we raise seed or launch our retail product, we will
         | bring some project finance experience in-house. Recruiting has
         | been easy because people outside of climate love our brand and
         | mission, and people inside of solar finance are often finance
         | professionals who rarely have an outlet to share what they do
         | for the world and the industry publicly. (You should see us as
         | solar finance conferences, we're the bell of the ball - not
         | kidding, we found many of our finance partners there).
         | 
         | I wanna push back on the idea that designers are no 'doers'...
         | 'Doing' is an ethic, not a discipline, and there are plenty of
         | examples of designers rising to be successful entrepreneurs
         | (AirBnB, et al.).
        
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