[HN Gopher] Japan tested a giant turbine that generates electric...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Japan tested a giant turbine that generates electricity using deep
       ocean current
        
       Author : jdmark
       Score  : 123 points
       Date   : 2022-06-04 16:55 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thesciverse.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thesciverse.com)
        
       | beefman wrote:
       | 330 tons for 100 kW. Assuming it lasts 20 years (and assuming
       | that's short tons), it's about 17 metric tonnes per GWh.
       | Comparisons: http://lumma.org/energy/lca/
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | So, slightly better than offshore wind. No bad imo.
        
       | dukeofdoom wrote:
       | Out of sight, out of mind. The Ocean has been a dumping ground
       | for a long time. Do we know what kind of impact this might be
       | having where this might be built. Close to shore is where most of
       | the Ocean life resides due to more light reaching in the shallow
       | water. There were proposals to build wind turbines in the middle
       | on the Great Lakes. Not sure what happened to those. Maybe it can
       | be done so it improves the environment, but that tends to costs
       | more.
        
         | jonnycomputer wrote:
         | Ocean currents often carry a lot of life around the ocean
         | (https://www.cell.com/current-
         | biology/pdf/S0960-9822(17)30077...). Hesitation is warranted,
         | imo.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | For a data point, the UK has a large number of offshore wind
         | farms that contribute 13% of our electricity supply. On shore
         | is 11%.
         | 
         | It's proving cost effective and sustainable. In some ways we
         | are fortunate as we have a long history of offshore engendering
         | with North Sea oil, the expertise there has translated well to
         | offshore wind.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_offshore_wind_farms_in...
        
       | quantified wrote:
       | Hope those don't create whaleburger or giant squidburger. Which
       | will be out-of-sight-out-of-mind unlike the visible bird deaths
       | aboveground.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | asien wrote:
       | France tried years ago.
       | 
       | Incredibly expensive and inefficient.
       | 
       | I love the concept but it just cant compete with Solar , Nuclear
       | or Fossil Fuel...
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | Just because something has been "tried before" in the past for
         | something as critical as energy sustainability, particularly
         | with the backdrop of climate change, doesn't mean we shouldn't
         | try it again. If anything it puts us in a better position, with
         | grater knowledge, in order to improve are chances of making it
         | work.
         | 
         | As Edison put it about trying to invent the lightbulb: "I
         | haven't failed - I've just found 10,000 that won't work".
        
       | g42gregory wrote:
       | The laws of physics would dictate that this energy would come
       | from somewhere. If enough power is generated, it will
       | significantly alter the ocean flows dynamics. Deep ocean flow
       | currents can very much affect the climate. Did anybody researched
       | that this would be Ok?
        
         | throwaway290 wrote:
         | Persistent deep ocean currents exist in large part thanks to
         | temperature gradients (cf. AMOC and thermohaline circulation).
         | Climate warming, melting ice and reducing these gradients, has
         | much more drastic effects on ocean currents (cf. Gulf Stream
         | weakening) than a turbine could ever have.
         | 
         | Paradoxically, we would effectively be saving those currents
         | using a fraction of the energy in those currents themselves.
         | 
         | Using these turbines would be a drop in the ocean and a smart
         | move if it helps us tackle the big offender. We should get on
         | it soon though, if we let it get to a point where thermohaline
         | circulation falls apart using currents this way may no longer
         | be an option.
        
           | mintyDijon wrote:
           | I aggree with the necessity of haste, but I hope these
           | turbines can be developed in a way to have minimal impact on
           | all the ocean life that uses these currents aswell, there's
           | already so much damage thats been done to the ocean
           | ecosystems already.
        
         | wcoenen wrote:
         | The same could be said about wind power.
         | 
         | Ultimately, wind and ocean currents are driven by the 170,000
         | terawatts of solar irradiance continuously hitting the
         | earth[1]. Human civilization uses about 17 terawatt[2], so we
         | still have a ways to go before we get in the same ballpark.
         | 
         | (On the other hand, give it a few centuries of exponential
         | growth and let's see where we end up.)
         | 
         | [1] https://news.mit.edu/2011/energy-scale-part3-1026
         | https://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/current_world_energy_...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/current_world_energy_...
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | Just to point out, we would be harvesting a lot more than we
           | use because of inefficiencies in capturing, storage, and
           | transmission strategies. Also note that the amount we use is
           | lower than it would otherwise be if we had access to more
           | energy, industry is energy-constrained.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | In the case of something like PV, would that matter too
             | much? The inefficiency doesn't mean the rest is lost, just
             | that it stays in the local environment rather than get
             | transmitted away somewhere else on a wire.
        
               | omgwtfbyobbq wrote:
               | Pretty much. As an examples, in deserts, there can be a
               | modest increase in local IR radiation because of the
               | change in albedo from PV panels compared to sand, but the
               | overall decrease in IR from avoiding the CO2/etc
               | emissions of fossil fuel generation is much, much larger
               | than the local increase.
        
           | paulsutter wrote:
           | That 170,000 terawatts hitting earth is dwarfed by the 400
           | trillion terawatts output by the sun, so we can always build
           | some fraction of a Dyson sphere if we start to run short with
           | the 170,000
           | 
           | The sooner we stop using these feeble fossil fuels the better
        
             | willis936 wrote:
             | Fantasy solutions don't work for real problems. We have the
             | capability to make real problems via terraforming.
        
               | hackernewds wrote:
               | Terraforming is a fantasy that won't work for real
               | problems
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | andai wrote:
               | >We have the capability to _make_ real problems via
               | terraforming. [emphasis mine]
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Yes, they slightly misread, but it's a fair retort.
               | Terraforming is pretty fantasy, but it happens.
        
               | paulsutter wrote:
               | We're carbon (de-)terraforming the earth everyday on a
               | global scale, haven't you heard? It's very real
        
               | gibolt wrote:
               | A Dyson sphere is just as much fantasy as physics, true
               | of most of today's technology just 50 years ago.
               | 
               | Solar and wind are needed today, but Starship could bring
               | launch costs down enough that some highly optimized space
               | solar panels with microwave power beaming could be viable
               | within a decade.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | Receiving energy that was not supposed for earth will
               | increase planet heat output (because electricity in the
               | end will heat things). Who knows how that would affect
               | the planet.
               | 
               | The only way to preserve the Earth is smart planning,
               | reducing energy usage and moving industry to the space.
               | IMO Earth should be sanctuary for people to enjoy their
               | origins and for some rich people inevitably. Most people
               | should move to other planets or space objects where
               | pollution does not matter.
        
               | paulsutter wrote:
               | How would capturing the beamed energy on earth be any
               | easier than capturing sunlight directly?
               | 
               | Maybe illuminate existing solar arrays during nighttime?
               | Any other energy receiver would be so far behind PV on
               | the price / manufacturing learning curve
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | I believe the solar panel part, but not on the microwave
               | power beaming; has that been proven to work already? How
               | efficient is it? What is the effect on anything flying
               | through or being near where said microwaves are received?
               | 
               | Solar panels in space is the believable part; rays of
               | concentrated energy being sent back to earth is what I'm
               | skeptical about. Besides, solar panels have a limited
               | lifetime; I don't believe space solar panels are a cost
               | effective solution to solving the energy crisis.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | This idea keeps being brought up and people keep
               | reminding everyone that for all intents and purposes this
               | is the closest to a cartoon supervillain death ray that
               | we can create.
        
               | joebob42 wrote:
               | Why would we build a solar panel that has a microwave
               | emitter instead of just building a mirror?
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | And with this one, currents - mainly ebb and flow - are
           | caused by the gravity of the moon pulling on the oceans.
           | 
           | But yeah, it will have an effect; the other question to ask
           | is, how significant is this effect, and how does it compare
           | to other forms of power production, e.g. fossil fuels?
           | 
           | The global warming caused by fossil fuels has a bigger effect
           | on the oceans; with decreasing salinity due to the melting of
           | ice caps / glaciers, the gulf stream is slowing down and will
           | eventually stop, causing distribution of heat across the
           | planet to stop, causing the northern seas to cool down and
           | the southern ones to heat up.
        
             | jccooper wrote:
             | I think this is targeting ocean currents, which are solar-
             | powered convection between the tropics and the poles,
             | rather than tidal currents.
        
             | jameshart wrote:
             | Tidal flows are a pretty massive energy reservoir -
             | basically you've got all the potential and kinetic energy
             | of the moon's orbit to draw from. That's (according to my
             | crude Wolfram Alpha based research) about 3e28J of kinetic
             | energy plus 7e28J of potential energy, for a total of 10^29
             | Joules. Technically a non renewable resource, but you would
             | be hard pressed to make a dent in that energy budget with
             | any kind of human scale extraction project.
        
           | neatze wrote:
           | This with assumption that there is linear relation without
           | butterfly effects, even if there are negative effects, most
           | likely they are negligible when compared to green house
           | effect on the planet, my false intuition tells me that power
           | generation from wind and ocean currents would contribute to
           | planet cooling, no idea if electricity converted to work will
           | radiate heat faster into space then air and oceans passively.
        
         | syntaxing wrote:
         | True to a certain extent. People forget that Earth is not a
         | zero sum control volume. We get a crap ton of energy from the
         | Sun and the sun power most things on Earth in some shape or
         | form (minus matter formation or radioactive material). The
         | Earth uses around 23,900 terawatt-hours a year. The sun
         | generates about 430 quintillion kWh every hour.
        
         | kache_ wrote:
         | The energy harvested is only... a drop in the ocean :)
        
         | trebligdivad wrote:
         | Maybe that would be good! If hurricanes are powered by hot
         | seas, then removing energy from the seas has got to remove
         | energy from hurrcianes?
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | Other people will explain why you are wrong to be concerned.
         | However your concern is indicative of the concerns of a
         | significant, potentially majority, of people. It shows how as a
         | society we don't do messaging about this sort of thing well
         | enough. I think thats an important take away.
        
           | politician wrote:
           | We do a bad job of explaining to residents of our dense
           | population centers how much energy is required to run their
           | city for a single day, where it comes from, and how much it
           | costs to produce.
        
         | fswd wrote:
         | The energy comes from the moon orbiting the earth.
         | Theoretically speaking, taking too much energy would cause the
         | moon to come crashing down to Earth.
        
           | anticensor wrote:
           | What about the compromise, the Moon in geostationary orbit:
           | would be great for broadcasters (no more broadcast
           | satellites, just plant antennas on the moon).
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | The tides are already transferring energy from the Earth to
           | the Moon, making it go higher over time.
           | 
           | I suspect that adding more drag to the tides could either
           | boost this process or reduce it, depending on the timing of
           | the energy harvesting.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | The energy in tidal currents comes both from the moon
           | orbiting the Earth, and from the Earth orbiting the sun.
           | (Technically other heavenly bodies also have some effect, but
           | it's negligible.)
        
           | Zababa wrote:
           | I've always wanted to have a bigger Moon, this might be a way
           | to achieve that.
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | This is like worrying that wind turbines will stop the wind.
         | 
         | They won't.
        
           | enchiridion wrote:
           | No, it's asking a question about our knowledge of the scale
           | and power of the devices and forces involved.
           | 
           | If it is a analog to wind turbines, the math will bear it
           | out, but it's a perfectly valid question to ask.
        
             | drieddust wrote:
             | Exactly just a few decades ago CFC was a non issue, Lead
             | caused no harm, smoking was good for health, and cocaine
             | was a refreshing drink. Yet here we are again so full of
             | ourselves that asking the question is unsettling.
        
               | politician wrote:
               | So we should keep doing the known harmful power
               | generation methods (coal) instead of experimenting with
               | new methods (deep sea turbines) out of a diffuse fear of
               | the unknown consequences?
               | 
               | It's sad that this is such a common argument against
               | progress. Where do people learn to think this way? Does
               | it come from education? Failures in life?
        
               | mintyDijon wrote:
               | Have you ever heard the saying:
               | 
               | "The grass is always greener on the otherside."
               | 
               | I believe that's where this line of thinking comes from.
               | 
               | Have you ever tried to change lanes because yours isn't
               | moving, just to find that right after you change to your
               | new lane it stops and your old lane picks up again? Man
               | that sucks
        
               | manigandham wrote:
               | Nobody said that.
               | 
               | The concern is that more information should be discovered
               | about the effects, and that is usually done through
               | experimentation.
               | 
               | > _"Where do people learn to think this way? "_
               | 
               | Where do people learn to create straw man arguments
               | instead of actually replying to what was said?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | shiftpgdn wrote:
           | We're arguing semantics but on a big enough scale they would
           | eventually. That's why you don't just line up 100 of them
           | directly next to eachother.
        
             | mattnewton wrote:
             | Agree that this is effectively arguing semantics, and it is
             | taking energy from the wind. But the effect of each _is_
             | very small. There are definitely farms with >100 turbines
             | close together. This one has >600 and has long runs of them
             | close together.
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alta_Wind_Energy_Center
        
               | weaksauce wrote:
               | while that one produces more electricity, this one has
               | about twice as many turbines in close proximity: https://
               | en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Gorgonio_Pass_wind_farm
        
         | throw457 wrote:
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | Flowing water has insane amounts of energy even in tiny
         | amounts. I would imagine that this affects ocean currents as
         | little or less than wind turbines affect weather patterns.
        
           | Mindless2112 wrote:
           | "It's so vast that small human actions couldn't possibly have
           | an impact" is literally the same wrong-headed reasoning that
           | leads people to believe that human CO2 emissions don't
           | matter.
           | 
           | There seems to have been a lot of extreme weather in recent
           | years. Could it be because harvesting energy from the wind
           | alters weather patterns? A lot of people would rather just
           | blame it on global warming than ask a question that might
           | expose a flaw in our plans to wean ourselves off of fossil
           | fuels.
           | 
           | We need to have bit more humility and a bit less dogma about
           | what we "know".
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | The reason CO2 emissions matter so much is that they
             | accumulate over time.
             | 
             | > There seems to have been a lot of extreme weather in
             | recent years. Could it be because harvesting energy from
             | the wind alters weather patterns? A lot of people would
             | rather just blame it on global warming than ask a question
             | that might expose a flaw in our plans to wean ourselves off
             | of fossil fuels.
             | 
             | Do you have anything other than wild speculation? Because
             | in most cases slowing down air currents should calm the
             | weather.
             | 
             | And _of course_ this has been asked!
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | The mechanism by which CO2 raises the steady-state
             | temperature of the atmosphere is well understood, and it is
             | not because of the awesome power of CO2, it is because the
             | Sun is incredibly energetic.
             | 
             | By contrast, there is no known way that wind power
             | extraction, which is currently < 1TW globally, could
             | possibly be destabilizing the energy system of the rotation
             | of the Earth (which is what causes wind). That system
             | contains ten billion times more kinetic energy than we
             | remove from it annually.
             | 
             | The amount of kinetic energy the moon removes from the
             | Earth's rotational kinetic energy every year is larger, and
             | has been going on for a long, long time, so if it was going
             | to cause fire weather that would already have been a long-
             | standing problem.
             | 
             | In short, the amount of CO2 that humans have dumped into
             | the atmosphere in the last 200 years is comparable to the
             | amount that was in there to begin with. It can't be
             | ignored. But the amount of energy we remove from the wind
             | is nine or ten orders of magnitude smaller than the total
             | amount that exists, and therefore it _can_ be ignored.
        
             | tomc1985 wrote:
             | I don't think we will ever see power generation via
             | renewables (one industry) approach the scale of anything
             | near carbon emissions (all industry)
             | 
             | You could do some very basic napkin math multiplying the
             | air displacement per turbine (or whatever metric you
             | choose) and multiplying by every turbine that exists, and
             | I'd bet that number would be nowhere near total air
             | displacement from natural causes.
             | 
             | Human CO2 emissions matter precisely because the math has
             | exceeded change from natural causes. And this happens
             | because _literally everyone_ is doing it. IF we cover the
             | planet in wind turbines the same way we cover it with waste
             | C02 then _maybe_ you might have a case.
             | 
             | Not to say renewables aren't without their issues. There
             | are likely a whole host of second- and third-order issues
             | there that have yet to be discovered, let alone resolved.
             | But we would need adoption on a scale far beyond what has
             | been proposed to combat global warming to approach that.
        
               | Mindless2112 wrote:
               | I'm not saying that CO2 and wind turbines have a
               | comparable effect on the climate. I'm saying that "it's
               | small so it couldn't matter" is the same flawed thinking.
               | 
               | > _Human CO2 emissions matter precisely because the math
               | has exceeded change from natural causes._
               | 
               | Why? It's the significant detrimental impact of the human
               | activity that's important, not how it compares to the
               | amount or change from natural causes. (It doesn't even
               | matter that it's human activity. If Earth were going to
               | become inhospitable by entirely natural causes, that
               | would still matter.)
               | 
               | > _then maybe you might have a case._
               | 
               | I'm not making the case that wind turbines are harming
               | the environment; that's just the example at hand. I'm
               | making the case that casually dismissing (questions
               | about) the potential impact of human activities is wrong.
        
         | baybal2 wrote:
         | Is this out of the same ballpark as "thermal powerplants will
         | boil the atmosphere."
         | 
         | The entire humankind's power consumption is completely
         | microscopic in comparison to any natural weather phenomena.
         | 
         | We are 0.0000000000001% of energy the Earth dissipates.
        
         | satokema wrote:
         | the other way around is also true, the climate affects the
         | flows
         | 
         | seems like an interesting possibility to recapture some of the
         | loose climate energy that we want to pare down
        
         | fasteo wrote:
         | The same can be said about solar panels. An enormous amount of
         | heat is no longer hitting the ground.
        
           | libraryatnight wrote:
           | How significant a difference is it that previously it was
           | hitting my roof?
        
           | Klinky wrote:
           | The same can be said about humans. An enormous amount of heat
           | is no longer hitting the ground due to man-made structures in
           | general, way more than dedicated solar farms. Very likely
           | putting solar on roofs is more beneficial than letting it
           | just heat up tiles/shingles, while the building shades the
           | ground. You're basically arguing against building
           | civilization. However, I think human's effects on ecosystems
           | is worthy of investigating, but the "solar panels blocking
           | ground heat" concern seems very tangential and likely
           | insignificant compared to the concerns of human's overall
           | impacts on micro/macro environments.
        
         | deepsun wrote:
         | It mostly comes from the Sun. It spews so much energy at Earth
         | that all humanity consumption doesn't make a dent in it.
        
         | slight_glitch wrote:
         | I like the answers to your questions here. I wonder if in 100
         | years or so, our energy consumption won't be what 640K of
         | memory (enough for anybody?) was around 1980. Time will tell if
         | it will be a drop in the ocean then.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | This is such a tediously nonsensical interjection:
       | 
       |  _...laying the groundwork for a promising new source of
       | renewable energy that isn 't dependent on sunny days or strong
       | winds._
       | 
       | How many times does it need to be said that any reliable energy
       | system run entirely on sunlight and wind absolutely has to
       | incorporate storage? Storage can be electrical (short-term
       | supercapacitors for buffering high-frequency variations in
       | windfarms), electrochemical (batteries, and since portability is
       | not an issue, there are many options for grid-storage batteries
       | besides lithium), chemical (using electrical current to drive the
       | formation of hydrocarbons from CO2 and water, aka artificial
       | photosynthesis, and similar conversions), or mechanical (pumped
       | water storage, rotating heavy masses, air pressure in caverns,
       | etc.). That about covers the range of storage options I think.
       | 
       | I don't know what to think about people that trot that one out
       | over and over again but to be charitable I'll just assume gross
       | ignorance at this point, rather than deliberate deception.
        
         | lostmsu wrote:
         | You are clearly in wrong here. There's a reliable energy system
         | run entirely on sunlight, that is basically identical to the
         | proposed deep ocean currents in the principle: hydropower. In
         | short: the storage is built-in - it is in the potential energy
         | of that small percentage of the water in the oceans, which is
         | still large enough to be absolutely immense.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zdragnar wrote:
         | Because incorporating storage into the story also means brining
         | in the cost. Many of the solutions are not cheap, dependent on
         | specific geology, and / or have their own large carbon
         | footprint.
         | 
         | The only thing that solar and wind bring to the table is being
         | very cheap, but you need to compare apples to oranges for them
         | to stand up to other solutions.
         | 
         | Edit: this is regional specific, but wind and solar are
         | worthless for one to two months a year where I live - rarely
         | much sun or wind. There's simply not enough storage to power
         | much of anything for that long, so even with cheap storage,
         | it's worth having options that don't rely on weather.
         | 
         | Of course, we are nowhere even close to an ocean, so this tech
         | isn't it, but keeping exploring options is nice.
        
         | certifiedloud wrote:
         | Storage is kind of the major blocker for those technologies
         | currently.
        
           | _ph_ wrote:
           | Most countries (if not all?) are still far from the point
           | where storage "blocks" solar/wind. But moving forward, more
           | storage will be needed. And I am quite optimistic that it
           | will be there as soon there is enough energy to store in the
           | first place. Some of it will come anyway, as electric cars
           | make for great storage. Switching cars to electric doesn't
           | only directly reduce CO2 emissions, they are a great way of
           | storing surplus electricity and also drive the cost for
           | battery storage down.
        
       | potatochup wrote:
       | Related, underwater tidal turbines in the Cook Straight, NZ
       | https://www.sustainableseaschallenge.co.nz/our-research/ener...
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | This energy partly comes from moon-earth oscillations.
        
         | adtac wrote:
         | Since geothermal, is this the first form of energy that is not
         | even indirectly from the sun?
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | No, we also generate some electricity from tides.
        
       | windows2020 wrote:
       | During onboarding, the CEO told a story about how an employee's
       | logic error caused a manufacturing plant to shutdown for hours.
       | They of course corrected it, and production resumed, but the
       | company was on the hook for millions in lost revenue.
       | 
       | Later that evening, the employee got a call from the CEO.
       | 
       | "I suppose you're calling to let me go."
       | 
       | The CEO replied, "Why would I do that after paying for a million
       | dollar lesson?"
       | 
       | That's how I feel about nuclear.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | In 200 years when the planet is on fire our ancestors will look
         | at us and won't understand how we could have made such bad
         | decisions. Yes, there is a (tiny) risk of nuclear disaster that
         | makes an area uninhabitable, but thats (in my view) better than
         | the whole plant eventually become so.
         | 
         | (I very much hope this statement is hyperbolic)
        
           | brazzy wrote:
           | It's simply a false dichotomy that we have the choice between
           | committing to nuclear energy generation, or catastrophic
           | climate change.
           | 
           | We don't _need_ nuclear energy. We really, really don 't.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | It's a tradeoff in the end, because the current generation
             | of renewable energy is so much more expensive and involved
             | than the equivalent in a nuclear energy plant.
             | 
             | I mean in my country, the energy grid is at capacity due to
             | increases in demand AND production. It's very attractive to
             | get solar panels installed on your house, but the grid
             | cannot handle the influx of new production.
             | 
             | Whereas attaching a new nuclear plant to the main grid
             | would be less of a headache.
        
               | brazzy wrote:
               | >the current generation of renewable energy is so much
               | more expensive and involved than the equivalent in a
               | nuclear energy plant.
               | 
               | This may have been true 15 or even 10 years ago, but
               | nowadays the exact opposite is the case.
               | 
               | > It's very attractive to get solar panels installed on
               | your house, but the grid cannot handle the influx of new
               | production. Whereas attaching a new nuclear plant to the
               | main grid would be less of a headache.
               | 
               | How is that supposed to make any sense at all? The grid
               | likes nuclear-flavored power better?
        
             | bradlys wrote:
             | In order to avoid catastrophic climate change (hard to say
             | we even can at this point) - we _need_ anything we can get.
             | Nuclear is part of anything we can get.
        
               | Gwypaas wrote:
               | Following that line of reasoning. Considering we get 3-6x
               | as much energy investing in renewables compared to
               | nuclear then a single cent in invested into nuclear is an
               | enabler of climate change right?
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | You're using a false equivalency fallacy though - that
               | economics matter at all in this.
               | 
               | We _need_ anything to get us to lower GHG emissions -
               | regardless of cost.
        
               | Gwypaas wrote:
               | Of course it matters. Money and people available to do
               | the work is not infinite. Or do you disagree?
               | 
               | Therefore we have to optimize for the most impact
               | possible. Is spending 3x as much as off-shore wind and 6x
               | as much as on-shore optimizing for impact? Can straight
               | up honestly claim that?
        
               | samwillis wrote:
               | My issue is really the lack of progress with and
               | utilisation of Nuclear over the last 40-50 years. In my
               | opinion the anti nuclear movement resulted in extending
               | the time we continued to burn coal. Quite right, at the
               | moment the larger impact would be with renewables.
               | However my original comment was not only in reference to
               | decisions we are making now but also those of the last 50
               | years. If we had concentrated on using Nuclear, and not
               | succumbed to the fear about it, we would be in a much
               | stronger position now than we are.
        
               | Gwypaas wrote:
               | It is simply economics. The anti-nuclear movement is
               | insignificant but a very handy scapegoat. If nuclear made
               | sense on a cost basis it would have pushed through
               | somewhere globally. It's quite telling that not even
               | authoritarian states, or very centrally controlled like
               | France have managed that.
               | 
               | I agree that nuclear would have been preferable to fossil
               | energy. But today renewables is way cheaper than either
               | alternative.
        
               | bradlys wrote:
               | You're using very poor arguments. A lot of whataboutism.
               | 
               | A meteor is coming to destroy the entire world. Do you
               | sit around and wonder, "Is spending money on this really
               | in the best interest of our shareholders for this
               | quarter?"
        
               | Gwypaas wrote:
               | Consider your example. You have two options proven to
               | work by prior knowledge. Either renewables or nuclear at
               | 3-6x the cost. What do you pick?
               | 
               | There's a statement in the previous paragraph doing most
               | of the heavy lifting: "proven to work". This means no
               | risk, why double invest?
               | 
               | We've already diverted meteors using both renewables and
               | nuclear. Both work. Choose the cheaper option since it's
               | not an one off event, it's an incremental change.
               | 
               | Every nuclear plant or wind turbine is negligible in
               | itself. But the effect is quantifiable and known.
        
               | liketochill wrote:
               | A robust electricity grid needs a variety of energy
               | sources, wind and solar are great until it isn't windy or
               | sunny for a week. Are week long outages acceptable to
               | you? Not to me. It is not inconceivable that a weather
               | system results in calm weather with clouds for an
               | extended period of time.
               | 
               | So other energy sources are necessary. Nuclear is another
               | practical low carbon energy source and it is worth
               | considering as part of the energy mix. There are many
               | nuclear plants operating and under construction in the
               | world. That they are uneconomic in some countries speaks
               | more to those countries than to nuclear.
        
               | Gwypaas wrote:
               | 1. Geographical decoupling. HVDC connections are barely
               | even newsworthy anymore.
               | 
               | 2. Smart consumers. Electrified transports are perfect
               | where you can shift the charging to any point in time
               | it's not actively driven. This without having to pay the
               | round trip efficiency loss since charging the battery is
               | valuable work.
               | 
               | 3. Better utilize hydro to compensate for the last bits
               | of intermittency left.
               | 
               | We're so far from a grid where large scale storage would
               | be necessary that dwelling over it and putting forth
               | nuclear as the only solution is ridiculous. You could
               | make hydrogen from your renewable energy and then later
               | burn it and still come out ahead of nuclear. That's how
               | uncompetetive nuclear is.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Does that include the batteries we'd need to have
               | renewables take over the grid?
               | 
               | But we should be dumping lots of research dollars into
               | both, even if we want 95% of the construction budget to
               | be renewables.
               | 
               | Except scaling up starts to cost a lot more when you push
               | it too fast, so we probably should be spending more than
               | 5% on nuclear because it can work in parallel.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ruined wrote:
         | sometimes the lesson is "don't concentrate radioactive
         | isotopes, you haven't developed the institutional incentives to
         | contain them reliably, and will eventually experience terrible
         | disaster"
        
         | dctoedt wrote:
         | > _The CEO replied, "Why would I do that after paying for a
         | million dollar lesson?"_
         | 
         | That's a variation of something supposedly said by IBM's Thomas
         | J. Watson, Sr.: "Recently, I was asked if I was going to fire
         | an employee who made a mistake that cost the company $600,000.
         | No, I replied, I just spent $600,000 training him. Why would I
         | want somebody to hire his experience?" [0]
         | 
         | [0] https://blog.4psa.com/quote-day-thomas-john-watson-sr-ibm/
         | (which doesn't include a source for the quote)
        
       | mrexroad wrote:
       | Hmm, a few years late per SeaQuest's timeline... I just hope we
       | have a SeaQuest 4600 class sub handy to sacrifice in order to
       | plug the lava flow when the turbines cause the ocean floor to
       | break apart!
       | 
       | Ironically, in the SeaQuest timeline, SeaQuest DSV itself would
       | have been abducted by an alien ship just a few weeks ago. Maybe
       | there's still hope that Mark Hamill is actually our first contact
       | with an alien species?
       | 
       | Makes me want to go rewatch 90's sci-fi: Babylon 5, Space Above &
       | Beyond, SeaQuest (season 1 at least), TekWar, TimeTrax, etc.
        
         | xen2xen1 wrote:
         | Space Above and Beyond is very underrated. Still sad it only
         | got one season. If they wanted to redo something they could
         | chose something much worse. It might be a little too pro-
         | American and pro-military for 2022?
        
           | tomc1985 wrote:
           | The ending of the pancakes episode is still one of my
           | favorite moments of 90s TV ever
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | What are the upsides/downsides of water currents vs air currents
       | here?
       | 
       | Is one more consistent than the other?
       | 
       | I imagine that water has more chunks to filter.
       | 
       | Water requires a smaller turbine.
       | 
       | ..?
        
         | Qworg wrote:
         | Water carries (IIRC) ~375x the energy of air per speed/unit
         | volume.
         | 
         | Depending on the turbine design, you don't need to filter
         | anything. The currents (gyre power) are far more consistent
         | than wind turbines.
         | 
         | If not for the difficulties of siting, permitting, and
         | maintaining subsea equipment, gyre power systems are far
         | superior.
        
         | Gwypaas wrote:
         | Another company in a similar space, although focused on tidal
         | currents is Minesto.
         | 
         | The problem with wind vs. water is the extreme harshness of the
         | environment. The only industry which has truly manage to tame
         | the ocean is the oil and gas industry, and that at huge costs
         | offset by the high value of what they produce. Not likely we
         | will ever see anything like that in the renewable field.
         | 
         | No affiliation but an old colleague works there so see them pop
         | up from time to time
         | 
         | https://minesto.com/
        
           | belorn wrote:
           | Salt, water, very strong forces, and a lot of things want to
           | stick to it and build up layers of sand and organic material.
           | And getting trained professionals that can operate in that
           | environment is costly, slow and dangerous.
           | 
           | Beyond those, are there any additional problems from the
           | environment?
        
             | Gwypaas wrote:
             | The places with strong tidal currents have a tendency of
             | limiting construction to ebb and high tide, in other words
             | lot of expensive waiting around.
             | 
             | Regarding the environment, under the sea it is quite fine
             | compared to stationary platforms operating in the north sea
             | or Mexican gulf(hurricanes) year around, so that should be
             | easier.
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | Water is stronger than air. This is a double edged sword; IIRC
         | most tidal power projects have failed because the greater wear
         | and tear is worse than the additional power generated. I would
         | imagine the deep ocean magnifies this problem.
         | 
         | Not to mention, we do enough environmental damage to our oceans
         | as it is.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | Predictability, with tidal power you know exactly (more or
         | less) how much you will generate every moment of every day.
        
         | zwayhowder wrote:
         | I've seen companies use wave energy before (1) but not ocean
         | currents, but as someone else pointed out, the currents are a
         | lot more powerful and consistent than winds so it makes sense.
         | 
         | I know Carnegie (2) talk up the fact that submerged equipment
         | very rarely gets damaged by storms etc compared to floating or
         | land based systems. (As long as they can keep fishing trawlers
         | away and ban boat anchors in the area.).
         | 
         | 1: https://www.offshore-energy.biz/carnegie-preps-new-ceto-
         | desi... 2: https://www.carnegiece.com/
        
       | gehsty wrote:
       | The turbines are very interesting, these demonstrator projects
       | seek to answer questions like how do you even make one, how do
       | you install it and how do you maintain it... a very interesting
       | piece of hardware required to scale this up (in deep water
       | anyway!) is a subsea substation to up the voltage from the array
       | to export voltages...
        
         | cmroanirgo wrote:
         | The article mentioned 100-160ft from the surface, so i'm not
         | sure where the "deep" part mentioned in the headlines comes in.
         | Perhaps their ultimate plan is for deep & this demo didn't try
         | to address the deep part? That said, if 100ft below had enough
         | forces to produce 100kw (ecological issues aside) that sounds
         | pretty fantastic, even if just a demo.
        
           | martyvis wrote:
           | I imagine the "deep" aspect is that it seems to be well below
           | surface waves that seem to reek havoc on other projects. That
           | depth is still pretty difficult to service as install without
           | pretty sophisticated planning I would think.
        
       | nothingisconvex wrote:
        
       | suyash wrote:
       | Kudos to Japanese scientists, always pushing the boundaries!
        
       | mrfusion wrote:
       | Could this disrupt the migrations of species like clown fish and
       | sea turtles?
        
         | rnjesus wrote:
         | even if it does, all they have to do is just keep swimming
        
           | sieabahlpark wrote:
        
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