[HN Gopher] Voyager spacecraft begin to power down
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Voyager spacecraft begin to power down
        
       Author : Element_
       Score  : 175 points
       Date   : 2022-06-17 15:48 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.scientificamerican.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.scientificamerican.com)
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | This article is from the future, July 2022
        
         | lunchpack wrote:
         | This is a pre-published article from the _July 2022_ magazine
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | whartung wrote:
       | This is one of my favorite reasonably recent Voyager anecdote,
       | from a recent special about the program.
       | 
       | Paraphrasing, the person said "You carry more computing power in
       | your pocket than what we have on Voyager. And by that, I don't
       | mean your smart phone. I mean you car key fob."
        
         | linsomniac wrote:
         | The one I often think about is: Your USB-C charger is more
         | powerful than the Apollo 11's computer.
         | 
         | https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/a30916315/usb-c-...
        
           | ElCapitanMarkla wrote:
           | This blew my 12 year old mind when someone said this about
           | that Furby toy back in the late 90s.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | dry_soup wrote:
       | If I could decide, I would happily scrap all human missions and
       | launch one massive science robot with a huge visible light camera
       | on it per year. Idlewords convinced me of this:
       | 
       | https://idlewords.com/2005/08/a_rocket_to_nowhere.htm
        
       | TheChaplain wrote:
       | I find the space-age to be super fascinating! The Venera program
       | is one favourite, where they managed to put a lander on Venus
       | more than 50 years ago and send back data.
       | 
       | Just imagine the skills and knowledge with the technology at the
       | time, to figure out how to land something safely in an unknown
       | environment. Love it!
        
         | pcrh wrote:
         | Curious that you refer to the "space age" in the past tense.
         | Though it might be because the enthusiasm for humans traveling
         | between planets and stars has been somewhat tempered since the
         | 1960's-1980's.
        
       | JoshuaJB wrote:
       | Very nice overview of the Voyager program.
       | 
       | I love the words from the President included on the spacecraft:
       | _"We hope someday, having solved the problems we face, to join a
       | community of galactic civilizations. This record represents our
       | hope and our determination, and our good will in a vast and
       | awesome universe."_
        
         | mistermann wrote:
         | > "We hope someday, having solved the problems we face, to join
         | a community of galactic civilizations. This record represents
         | our hope and our determination, and our good will in a vast and
         | awesome universe."
         | 
         | This is a lovely saying, but it feels like fairly strong false
         | advertising. "We hope X", interpreted literally, implies that
         | people physically engage in such forms of thinking. I do not
         | believe this is actually true at ground level, rather, I think
         | this is more of a story that we like to tell ourselves about
         | ourselves.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | SpaceX is actively working towards that goal.
        
             | mistermann wrote:
             | On a portion of it - I don't see any attention paid to
             | discovering how to teach human beings how to be better at
             | good will, which is part of the claim.
        
             | Peritract wrote:
             | SpaceX's own mission statement doesn't mention becoming
             | part of a community of civilisations [1]. It mentions
             | making humans multiplanetary, but that is a _very_
             | different aim [2]. Further, it 's a good idea to be
             | skeptical of corporate mission statements generally.
             | 
             | SpaceX is doing exciting stuff in the field of rocketry;
             | that's really happening and it's worth being excited about,
             | but they aren't doing more. It's misguided and dangerous to
             | treat them as utopian idealists.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.spacex.com/mission/
             | 
             | [2] https://www.gutenbergcanada.ca/ebooks/lewiscs-
             | outofthesilent...
        
         | hansjorg wrote:
         | That's a nice sentiment. Suprisingly humble, coming from
         | Reagan.
        
           | boulos wrote:
           | Except it was Carter...
        
             | diogenes_of_ak wrote:
             | People inexplicably hate Carter - not only was he a
             | fantastic president... albeit unlucky but good, but also a
             | genuinely amazing human.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | Carter is a really nice man. He was not a good president
               | though. Granted much of the badness was out of his
               | control, but such is life.
        
               | helloooooooo wrote:
               | I think his presidency is stained by the impossible
               | geopolitical and economic environment of his era.
        
               | Ma8ee wrote:
               | How was he a bad president?
        
               | cpuguy83 wrote:
               | Mainly record high inflation and the gas crisis (which
               | was way worse than today's).
               | 
               | Whether or not anyone could have stopped that doesn't
               | matter, ppl attribute this to him.
        
               | BbzzbB wrote:
               | Is it one side of the aisle that hates Carter? Because
               | from what I've seen/read from the outside (Canada)
               | looking in, I saw nothing but praise for his humility and
               | humanity. I saw conflicting opinions on what he did or
               | didn't do during his tenure, but only positive with
               | regards to his person and character.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | Maybe now, but Carter was handed a bag of poop that
               | soured the public.
               | 
               | His election was like Clinton and administration like
               | Biden.
        
               | linsomniac wrote:
               | I'm not really sure, but I do remember my parents *hated*
               | Carter. I remember distinctly sometime in the '90s
               | thinking "Look at all the amazing things Carter has done
               | with himself after being president. I always thought he
               | was an asshole!"
        
               | StevePerkins wrote:
               | Well, he DID face a 1980 primary challenge from Edward
               | Kennedy, and barely won his own party's re-nomination
               | with 51.1% of the popular vote as a sitting President. He
               | was pretty well eviscerated by both the left and right a
               | decade or two back, when he published a book labeling
               | Israel's policy toward Palestine as "apartheid".
               | 
               | Speaking as a left-leaning resident of Georgia, it seems
               | obvious to me that Jimmy Carter is not all that well-
               | loved by his own political party:
               | 
               | * Part of this is because he made the mistake of bringing
               | his own people when he went to Washington, instead of
               | populating his administration with more federal insiders.
               | 
               | * Part of it is because he lost, and no one likes a loser
               | (I'd say that Carter's place in the Democratic Part is
               | similar to that of George H.W. Bush, without the legacy
               | of an heir going on to serve two terms).
               | 
               | * And I believe that part of it is because, on the heels
               | of the Civil Rights Act and the re-alignment it ushered
               | in, Democrats were never all that genuinely enthusiastic
               | about having a white Southern leader. It took 12 years of
               | futility for them to embrace Bill Clinton (see point
               | above, about how people more fondly remember Presidents
               | who win re-election). And even Clinton's legacy has
               | picked up a lot of tarnish over the past decade.
        
               | sixothree wrote:
               | Yes. Even to this day, high praise for Nixon and Reagan;
               | and nothing but utter contempt for Carter. More telling
               | of the people laying the condemnation than of the man
               | himself.
        
               | christophilus wrote:
               | Not sure. I was raised by conservatives (albeit somewhat
               | middle of the road) and they and most conservatives I've
               | chatted with really admire Carter as a person; just
               | thought he was an incompetent president.
               | 
               | My childhood church group (all Republicans, I'd guess)
               | used to build houses with Habitat. It's kinda hard to
               | think poorly of Carter when he built something that does
               | so much good.
               | 
               | I wonder if the loud, vitriolic right wingers make it
               | seem like the right thinks as a united, extreme block,
               | when maybe there's a large, quiet group that is not well
               | represented? Not sure. I may also just be in a bubble of
               | reasonable centrists. My left wing and right wing friends
               | are pretty centrist in my estimation.
        
               | zizee wrote:
               | > maybe there's a large, quiet group that is not well
               | represented
               | 
               | Often referred to as the "silent majority".
               | 
               | > My left wing and right wing friends are pretty centrist
               | in my estimation.
               | 
               | I think this is many (?most?) people's experience, whilst
               | media (social/traditional) are geared towards demonizing
               | both "sides", to increase engagement. I say "sides",
               | because most people's opinions skew left/right depending
               | on the issue in question, rather than fitting perfectly
               | into the stereotypical archetypes.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | As my very conservative, East Texan father says, Carter
               | is too good a man to have been any good as president.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Genuinely amazing human sure, but terrible President. He
               | didn't get anything done and nearly lost the nomination
               | from his own party for a second term, which is rare.
        
               | qbasic_forever wrote:
               | There's a good PBS documentary series on all the modern
               | presidents and it's worth a watch if you haven't seen it
               | already. The Carter episode dug into how he was
               | technically well qualified and capable, but just did not
               | have the connections and support of Congress at the time
               | and that ultimately doomed his administration to failure.
               | None of his ideas were able to get funding or support in
               | Congress so his administration just flailed.
        
               | ajmurmann wrote:
               | The big problem. Policy is super interesting and fun and
               | touches on so many diverse and stimulating areas.
               | Politics though is awful and puts sociopaths at an
               | advantage.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | In case you haven't noticed, a substantial portion of
               | Americans favor assholes.
        
               | johnohara wrote:
               | Agree. The past 59 years have been particularly notable.
        
               | smitty1e wrote:
               | There are copious fine individuals one could name. This
               | doesn't make them great Presidential material.
               | 
               | Nor should we care. It is of far greater significance to
               | be a good parent or a Gary Flandro than to be President.
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | It's not inexplicable, it was a manufactured consensus by
               | the media.
               | 
               | I was a Carter fan before it was cool, seems like more
               | and more people are coming around and revisiting his
               | legacy.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | srvmshr wrote:
       | > _Flandro calculated that the repeated gravity assists, as they
       | are called, would cut the flight time between Earth and Neptune
       | from 30 years to 12. There was just one catch: the alignment
       | happened only once every 176 years. To reach the planets while
       | the lineup lasted, a spacecraft would have to be launched by the
       | mid-1970s._
       | 
       | How many of such startling discoveries get noticed by
       | bureaucracy/administration nowadays? Back then, it seems ideas
       | percolated to execution stage pretty fast. I wonder if a part-
       | time working grad student's serendipitous finds will be taken
       | seriously to action in today's environment.
        
         | samstave wrote:
        
         | antihero wrote:
         | The amount of companies I've worked in where they'd just be
         | like can we push back on the solar system a bit
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | SOL-utions...
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | > if the models were correct, should have pushed the heliopause
       | farther out than 120 AU. "It was unexpected by all the
       | theorists," Krimigis says. "I think the modeling, in terms of the
       | findings of the Voyagers, has been found wanting."
       | 
       | Uncalibrated and/or unfalsifiable computer models should never be
       | trusted.
        
       | litoE wrote:
       | I remember having lunch at the JPL cafeteria and watching a TV
       | monitor showing pictures of Jupiter being beamed down by Voyager.
       | Exciting times.
        
         | enriquto wrote:
         | Notice that today you can download all the raw data sent by the
         | voyagers and create your own mosaics and false color composites
         | (each image was taken with a separate multispectral filter).
         | This is a very beautiful and inspiring project for tech
         | students.
         | 
         | https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/science/data-access/
        
       | GekkePrutser wrote:
       | It's the half life of the RTG that is limiting them, right?
       | Because they're way too far to use any kind of solar power.
       | 
       | Ps I always thought that record was a bit funny. I mean it's a
       | good method of initiating communication. Just strapping it to a
       | can of poison is kind of a mixed message. "Hey buddies we're
       | peaceful humans, ps here's a can of instadeath" :) Though I
       | suppose little radioactivity would be left by the time it ever
       | reached an alien civilization.
        
         | knorker wrote:
         | Meh. Plutonium is safe below criticality.
        
         | DylanSp wrote:
         | Yep. The farthest any solar-powered craft has gotten is Juno
         | out at Jupiter, with much newer technology (and the solar
         | panels are still pretty large).
        
         | lazide wrote:
         | Eh, if they can't deal with a little shielded can of death
         | they're not likely to have made it to space anyway. For anyone
         | spacefaring, it's about as hard to deal with or unexpected as a
         | can of gas gas in an old car.
        
       | TrueDuality wrote:
       | Rest now sweet explorers. You've given us more knowledge than we
       | asked for and inspired untold numbers. Even in your final dreams
       | you give us beautiful gifts and prove to the universe that we
       | exist.
        
         | nonrandomstring wrote:
         | When was the launch date? It's been out there for almost my
         | whole life. Maybe it will turn up in the 23rd century in female
         | form with a shaved head and calling herself Vega.
        
           | ingsoc79 wrote:
           | ...or suffer a more pedestrian fate of getting vaporized by
           | bored Klingons.
        
       | funstuff007 wrote:
       | Just as I was tempted to give SciAm another shot, I see they have
       | this headline on the homepage:
       | 
       | How Culturally Significant Mammals Tell the Story of Social
       | Ascension for Black Americans Nyeema C. Harris | Opinion
       | 
       | Honestly, what the heck is going on there? It's not science,
       | that's for sure.
        
         | dfee wrote:
        
         | epgui wrote:
         | That's called an "opinion piece", it is editorial content.
         | Scientific American is a popular science publication. Most
         | people read it for the scientific journalism, not for the
         | opinion pieces.
         | 
         | Editorial content is always going to be hit or miss.
        
       | jftuga wrote:
       | When will Voyager 1 become 1 light-day distance away?[1]
       | 
       | * 1 LD from Earth = November 18, 2026 -- 1,614 days from today
       | 
       | * 1 LD from Sun = Feb 03, 2027 -- 1,691 days from today
       | 
       | https://www.quora.com/When-will-Voyager-1-become-1-light-day...
        
       | bullen wrote:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H62hZJVqs2o
        
         | dharmaturtle wrote:
         | StrangeLoop talk: "Uptime 15,364 days - The Computers of
         | Voyager" by Aaron Cummings
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | > _But if an engineer had a choice to put in a part that was 10
       | percent more expensive but wasn 't something that was needed for
       | a four-year mission, they just went ahead and did that. And they
       | wouldn't necessarily tell management._
       | 
       | Engineers doing good things even though everyone else doesnt want
       | to care & just wants something cheap. Heartbreaking long tale of
       | humanity, that opting to do good things is so hard to get buy in
       | on.
        
         | m34 wrote:
         | I was on the receiving end of numerous support cases caused by
         | what has to be on the sub-dollar cent savings (per single sku)
         | region when multiple mainboard manufacturers chose to use
         | capacitors with slightly worse tolerances all of a sudden (~25
         | years ago).
         | 
         | So if the whole process of spec'ing and validating the quality
         | of sourced materials was within their action space, ofc they'd
         | choose (potential) fault-tolerance over price, as it was
         | mission critical.
         | 
         | So there might be a reason why we refer to it today as space
         | race and not race to the bottom.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | not understanding and following requirements isn't something
         | engineers should be doing IMO
        
           | marssaxman wrote:
           | Understanding requirements so _well_ that you give the
           | customer what they actually do want, even though they don 't
           | yet know they want it, sounds like really great engineering.
        
             | FastMonkey wrote:
             | There is balance in all things. Engineers shouldn't be
             | ignored, but we are also not omniscient.
             | 
             | As an engineer myself, having worked on product and having
             | been a client of engineers working on products for me, I
             | can tell you that engineers that think they have an inside
             | track on what the client "really" wants are often wrong.
             | The feeling is similar to that false confidence you get in
             | any field when you have learned just the absolute basics,
             | and I have felt it myself. That's why you don't just go and
             | spend 10% of the clients budget without talking to them
             | first. If clients are saying they don't want a feature,
             | it's quite probable that the person you're dealing with
             | actually knows what they want, and what they want is not
             | what you've come up with.
             | 
             | A lot of projects that filter their way through HN die
             | because the engineers are solving the problem for
             | themselves and not talking to users. That is also the
             | pattern you see with a lot of "what I wish I had known when
             | I started my project" posts on here. Avoiding a
             | conversation with the client because you're afraid they
             | won't approve the feature you want to add is not really
             | great engineering.
        
           | nonrandomstring wrote:
           | > not understanding and following requirements isn't
           | something engineers should be doing IMO
           | 
           | I disagree, engineers are not robots. Good engineers may
           | second guess and get technically involved in adjusting badly
           | written instructions or mangled schematics, and do so all the
           | time. And no, the "process" for querying and changing
           | requirements is not always practical. Of course good
           | engineers should document and report all deviations from the
           | recspec and talk to the quality manager. Spotting that a
           | capacitor or diode voltage is under-rated and swapping the
           | part number, no problem. Upgrading a part if it makes no
           | other difference seems okay too. I've been very grateful to
           | fab or pick and place engineers who corrected a silly mistake
           | I made instead of just sending me back a board that obviously
           | wouldn't work. But those kind of people who take initiatives
           | are rare to find these days,
        
           | tejtm wrote:
           | Deciding that the Engineers don't understand is not something
           | a bureaucracy should be doing, period.
        
           | bad416f1f5a2 wrote:
           | Squeezing in "a little extra" is a time-honored tradition in
           | engineering.
        
         | lkrubner wrote:
         | Engineer: "Gracious lord and Pharaoh, if we mix this volcanic
         | ash into the mortar, your Pyramid could last for thousands of
         | years."
         | 
         | Pharaoh: "But that would be too expensive right? Don't waste
         | the treasury's money. Ordinary mortar is fine."
         | 
         | Engineer: (goes off and mixes volcanic ash into the mortar,
         | despite the cost)
        
       | iJohnDoe wrote:
       | Great article. Learned something new. The satellites were larger
       | than I thought.
       | 
       | Coincidentally, randomly the other day, I thought how much more
       | advanced our computing would be today as a species if we worked
       | within the constraints of the computing of available at the time
       | of Voyager or even the 90s.
       | 
       | I think we would favor information and communication vs. cruft
       | and entertainment. Working within constrained computing
       | environments forces us to make tough decisions about what is
       | important or pushes us to innovate and be creative with what we
       | have to work with.
        
         | pvg wrote:
         | Our 'computing' is many orders magnitude more 'advanced' than
         | what was available at the time. There's no technology that's
         | advanced faster in the history of technology, a completely
         | unprecedented rate of innovation even in the industrial era. It
         | would be very odd indeed if it somehow became more advanced by
         | not advancing it.
        
       | rozab wrote:
       | This is a good overview of the Voyager program, but did they just
       | slap that headline on it to try and make it news? I was expecting
       | some sort of announcement. But there isn't even any definite
       | plans to shut down any instruments in the near future.
        
         | perlgeek wrote:
         | The title is also very weird, considering that Voyager 1 and 2
         | have been shutting down instruments since 1990 and 1991,
         | respectively:
         | https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/mission/science/thirty-year-pla...
        
           | Aardwolf wrote:
           | The Voyager crafts generate a never ending supply of news
           | articles about leaving the solar system or shutting down,
           | because there plenty of different moments that are considered
           | "leaving the solar system" or shutting down, and there are
           | multiple Voyager crafts as well...
        
       | kQq9oHeAz6wLLS wrote:
       | _They are the first human-made objects to do so, a distinction
       | they will hold for at least another few decades._
       | 
       | Uhh...won't they still be the first?
        
         | 333c wrote:
         | Not once we invent time travel in a few decades.
        
           | _0ffh wrote:
           | We told you, no spoilers! Stop messing with this time line,
           | or we'll have to start over _again_!
        
             | RedShift1 wrote:
             | Should we give them another chance to avoid the dark
             | timeline and reset them to pre-Harambe?
        
         | hourago wrote:
         | > They have traveled farther and lasted longer than any other
         | spacecraft in history. And they have crossed into interstellar
         | space, according to our best understanding of the boundary
         | between the sun's sphere of influence and the rest of the
         | galaxy. They are the first human-made objects to do so, a
         | distinction they will hold for at least another few decades.
         | 
         | They will be the ones that have traveled the farthest until
         | faster objects catch up and surpass them. It may take time
         | until we send anything faster, and it's going to need time to
         | catch up, so it will take decades.
        
           | wyldfire wrote:
           | But when they do catch up and surpass them, they won't unseat
           | the first ones at being first.
        
             | hourago wrote:
             | I know what you mean. What I say is that "distinction" is a
             | substitute for "have traveled farther and lasted longer"
             | not "the first human-made".
        
               | in_cahoots wrote:
               | But that's not what first means! You're either first or
               | you have traveled farther, combining them into one clause
               | doesn't make sense.
               | 
               | If I'm the first person to be the fastest runner, then
               | nobody else can be first. It just doesn't make any sense.
               | Someone can be faster, but they'll never be first.
        
         | aardvarkr wrote:
         | The full quote with context makes it pretty clear that the
         | author is talking about crossing into interstellar
         | space/leaving the solar system. It certainly could have been
         | better worded though and should be fixed.
         | 
         | "And they have crossed into interstellar space, according to
         | our best understanding of the boundary between the sun's sphere
         | of influence and the rest of the galaxy. They are the first
         | human-made objects to do so, a distinction they will hold for
         | at least another few decades."
        
           | mokus wrote:
           | It doesn't matter what it's about though - if they were first
           | at something then barring time travel they will always be the
           | first, no matter how many more do it.
        
             | lkrubner wrote:
             | "according to our best understanding of the boundary" --
             | they are the first to cross the boundary unless our
             | understanding of the boundary changes, and then there is
             | the small possibility that something faster can reach the
             | "real" boundary faster.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | divbzero wrote:
       | Two bits of history I learned from the article:
       | 
       | 1. The last human to touch the spacecraft was a physicist
       | inspecting two detectors -- probably part of the low-energy
       | telescope system (LET).
       | 
       |  _Although many scientists have worked on the Voyagers over the
       | decades, Cummings can make a unique claim. "I was the last person
       | to touch the spacecraft before they launched," he says. Cummings
       | was responsible for two detectors designed to measure the flux of
       | electrons and other charged particles when the Voyagers
       | encountered the giant planets. Particles would pass through a
       | small "window" in each detector that consisted of aluminum foil
       | just three microns thick. Cummings worried that technicians
       | working on the spacecraft might have accidentally dented or poked
       | holes in the windows. "So they needed to be inspected right
       | before launch," he says. "Indeed, I found that one of them was a
       | little bit loose."_
       | 
       | 2. Carl Sagan not only commented on the "Pale Blue Dot" but also
       | persuaded NASA to take the photograph in the first place.
       | 
       |  _Sagan urged NASA officials to have Voyager 1 transmit one last
       | series of images. So, on Valentine 's Day in 1990, the probe
       | aimed its cameras back toward the inner solar system and took 60
       | final shots. The most haunting of them all, made famous by Sagan
       | as the "Pale Blue Dot," captured Earth from a distance of 3.8
       | billion miles. It remains the most distant portrait of our planet
       | ever taken. Veiled by wan sunlight that reflected off the
       | camera's optics, Earth is barely visible in the image. It doesn't
       | occupy even a full pixel._
       | 
       |  _Sagan, who died in 1996, "worked really hard to convince NASA
       | that it was worth looking back at ourselves," Spilker says, "and
       | seeing just how tiny that pale blue dot was."_
        
         | [deleted]
        
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