[HN Gopher] Why does iron deficiency cause fatigue, even in the ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why does iron deficiency cause fatigue, even in the absence of
       anemia?
        
       Author : panabee
       Score  : 167 points
       Date   : 2022-07-03 14:50 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | Coolerbythelake wrote:
       | So things that can look like anemia can be other things! Case in
       | point, my wife was misdiagnosed for months with Anemia. What she
       | really has is several tick Bourne diseases. For 5 months her
       | doctors kept giving her blood transfusions as he hemoglobin
       | reading was around 4-5 and it should be 12-13 for a normal
       | person. Can't tell u how many specialists and emg room visits.
       | Finally found a female md that listened to her and gave the
       | approval to do a comprehensive tick panel. Sure enough rocky
       | mountain spotted fever, erlicheaosis, recurring Lyme fever and
       | regular old Lyme. The blood they were giving her was basically
       | like throwing gas on a fire. Almost was ready to make funeral
       | arrangements. Let me say tick diseases are going bonkers and a
       | lot of people don't know they have it. Plus a lot of doctors
       | won't believe or authorize tests. Advocate for yourself or you
       | might die! Not kidding !
        
         | danachow wrote:
         | A hemoglobin for 4-5 is _anemia_ - the definition of anemia is
         | low hemoglobin concentration. If your wife had hemoglobin that
         | low, then she was correctly diagnosed with anemia.
         | 
         | It is a bit odd though the apparent coinfection with multiple
         | tick borne illnesses from different species of ticks - A lyme
         | and ehrlichiosis coinfection is not surprising, but rocky
         | mountain spotted fever is a very different illness, often more
         | acute in presentation with distinctive signs and symptoms - but
         | coinfection with the other two would be quite rare.
         | 
         | Also, those specific tick illnesses listed are unlikely to
         | cause that profound of an anemia by themselves, so there's
         | probably some other pathology going on - the tick borne
         | infection may only be a trigger.
         | 
         | Any relatively young person that is otherwise healthy (no near
         | end state kidney disease) should definitely get referral to a
         | hematologist for hemoglobin of 4-5 if it isn't something
         | blindingly obvious like blood loss.
        
         | lkrubner wrote:
         | I had some illness for much of 20 years. Doctors were uncertain
         | about what it was. They eventually called it Lyme disease
         | because they weren't sure what else to call it. But I was stuck
         | taking antibiotics for 20 years. I tried several times to quit
         | the antibiotics, but I always got badly sick when I did. I
         | eventually managed to achieve a complete cure, by fasting with
         | only water for 2 weeks. I describe this whole saga in detail
         | here:
         | 
         | http://www.smashcompany.com/philosophy/how-i-recovered-from-...
        
         | Gatsky wrote:
         | Small adjustment here... anemia is not a disease, it merely
         | describes the state of having reduced hemoglobin concentration
         | in the blood. It doesn't make sense to say things can 'look'
         | like anemia. It has myriad causes. It is never benign, and
         | should always be investigated thoroughly.
        
         | afterburner wrote:
         | Lyme disease is spreading northward, areas that would have
         | never thought about it 20 years ago need to exercise caution
         | when hiking on uncleared paths (or when diagnosing patients),
         | but the awareness isn't that huge right now.
        
         | xenocratus wrote:
         | It took years for me to be diagnosed with thalassemia when my
         | GP found some of my blood results suspicious. Got treated for
         | anaemia a few times before, and was refused for blood donations
         | as well without being able to explain what was wrong. My blood
         | tests said "anaemia", but my life experience said "all seems ok
         | to me...?" - luckily I have a mild form, I just need to watch
         | my diet a bit.
         | 
         | My dad also found out through my diagnosis why he kept getting
         | those same signs in his tests... :) Eastern European medical
         | system at its finest.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | > Plus a lot of doctors won't believe or authorize tests.
         | Advocate for yourself or you might die! Not kidding !
         | 
         | Experienced this myself. So mant doctors behave like JavaScript
         | developer and I am another webpage
        
           | pojzon wrote:
           | At least in Eastern Europe thats because they dont really
           | have the time needed to help the patient.
           | 
           | Its a business and you have 10m to do all paper work, check
           | patient and prescript something.
           | 
           | Its horrible. Doesnt help that private doctors are super
           | expensive, dont care about you and dont believe you.
           | 
           | Health became just another accommodity only super rich can
           | pay for.
        
         | InCityDreams wrote:
         | >Advocate for yourself or you might die! Not kidding !
         | 
         | Paid healthcare? As a europopulator i can choose to pay for my
         | healthcare. Rest assured, that when i do pay, i insist on
         | certain things. Like doing the tests i insist on...
         | 
         | "Plus a lot of doctors won't believe or authorize tests."
         | 
         | Surely, the money talks in a situation like this? I can pay for
         | any test i like and no (socialist, here) doc would ever say no,
         | nor would they actually give a crap.
        
           | pojzon wrote:
           | Not everyone can pay. Health should not be gated behind a
           | paywall. Life is not a microtransaction game.
        
           | brewdad wrote:
           | If insurance doesn't approve the test, it won't be paid for.
           | Insurance also means US prices for tests are elevated to 10x
           | what they "should" cost because providers expect insurance to
           | knock the price back down to a reasonable cost. As a result,
           | ordering a bunch of unapproved tests leads to huge out of
           | pocket costs for patients so only the wealthiest will ever be
           | willing to push for them.
           | 
           | Ironically, that same population also is the most likely to
           | have insurance that will cover the tests in the first place.
           | So it goes.
        
         | robonerd wrote:
         | > _Let me say tick diseases are going bonkers and a lot of
         | people don 't know they have it. Plus a lot of doctors won't
         | believe or authorize tests._
         | 
         | The existence of Chronic Lyme disease is very controversial and
         | diagnosing it can get doctors in trouble (depending on the
         | jurisdiction.) Whether or not Chronic Lyme disease is real (I
         | don't know), I think the general consensus of CLD diagnoses
         | being quackery might bias doctors against diagnosing _any_ sort
         | of tick related disorders, particularly chronic ones.
        
         | joshgel wrote:
         | Err it's more that tick-borne diseases cause anemia.
         | 
         | There are lots of things that cause anemia! And someone with
         | unexplained anemia deserves a complete work up (especially with
         | hemoglobin levels in the 4-5 range), including for tick-borne
         | illnesses, especially if they have been in an endemic area. But
         | lots of other things worth checking too, many more dangerous
         | than tick-borne illnesses.
        
       | Herodotus38 wrote:
       | Iron deficiency can also cause restless leg syndrome even without
       | anemia, it's sometimes overlooked. Better to take iron than
       | something that messes with your dopamine receptors.
       | 
       | Also recent research has shown evidence that taking iron every
       | other day is better than taking it daily.
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31413088/
        
       | bpye wrote:
       | This was a surprise to me when I had a panel of blood tests and
       | my ferritin was very low, but haemoglobin was normal A few weeks
       | on iron supplements did lead to a notable improvement day-to-day
       | and reduced fatigue. I always find it surprising how much
       | difference this sort of thing can make.
        
         | lalwanivikas wrote:
         | Do you buy it over the counter?
        
           | bpye wrote:
           | At least here (BC, Canada) you have to talk to a pharmacist
           | to get it, but there is no prescription required. You should
           | also have your levels checked semi-regularly if you're taking
           | supplements to ensure that your levels aren't getting too
           | high.
        
       | PKop wrote:
       | Arguably we have a problem of too much iron, especially
       | supplemented in cereals and such, producing free-radicals that
       | damage cells:
       | 
       | https://raypeat.com/articles/articles/iron-dangers.shtml
       | 
       | Ray Peat advice for men is to donate blood periodically to remove
       | excess iron from our body.
        
         | Brybry wrote:
         | I'm unfamiliar with Ray Peat.
         | 
         | Is there a reason Ray Peat advice should be treated differently
         | than say, Mehmet Oz advice? Or Linus Pauling advice?
         | 
         | I couldn't seem to find much of anything published by him that
         | was peer-reviewed.
        
       | rvp-x wrote:
       | I've noticed the same. I'm a woman so bleed often, I'd feel the
       | fatigue but my blood work didn't show anemia, so my primary care
       | physician didn't feel the need to prescribe it yet. I decided to
       | take supplements on my own and monitor the ferritin levels to
       | make sure I don't over-do it.
       | 
       | Note, if you aren't bleeding regularly, it's very unlikely you
       | need it, and iron might be harmful. Make sure to test your
       | ferritin levels before and regularly as you do it.
        
         | Faaak wrote:
         | How do you monitor ferritin levels ? Blood test ? I couldn't
         | find any auto-test where I live
        
           | rvp-x wrote:
           | From blood tests, yes
        
           | danachow wrote:
           | Frequent monitoring of iron/ferritin levels while on oral
           | iron supplementation is likely not necessary -- barring a
           | genetic disease, you're extremely unlikely to get iron
           | toxicity or overload at instructed oral doses. Periodic
           | monitoring is more to assess a positive response - since if
           | your levels are not going up on supplementation it warrants
           | further investigation.
           | 
           | Oral iron is now recommended given only every other day to
           | avoid GI side effects and there is evidence that the response
           | is just as good to more frequent.
        
             | coredog64 wrote:
             | That's good news. Oral iron gives me an upset stomach
             | unless I have lots of recent carbs.
        
               | redtexture wrote:
               | Disolving tablets and consuming in liquid form is an
               | alternative.
        
               | r1ch wrote:
               | My partner takes Megafood's "Blood Builder" iron
               | supplement which seems to work well and avoids the GI
               | symptoms.
        
             | mirthflat83 wrote:
             | Listen to this person who is likely an actual MD
        
               | johnfn wrote:
               | This frustrates me. Right in this very thread are many
               | accounts of people saying that doctors won't listen to
               | you and will do only the minimal amount of work possible
               | to get you out of their office, and that you should do
               | your own research. Then like 3 comments down are posts
               | like yours, sarcastically putting down people sharing
               | results of that same research.
               | 
               | So which one is it?
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | And...? Did it help?
        
       | runjake wrote:
       | Is there any decent way to supplement iron? I've never seen any
       | pills in regular stores.
        
         | bpye wrote:
         | As I mentioned elsewhere, you can get supplements but at least
         | in BC you need to speak to a pharmacist to get them, though no
         | prescription is required.
        
       | Lammy wrote:
       | Supplement anecdote: I really like Floradix because it doesn't
       | make me puke like the over-the-counter Ferrous Sulfate tablets
       | always do: https://www.floradixusa.com/products/floradix-iron-
       | herbs-liq...
        
         | hkt wrote:
         | Supplemental supplement anecdote: I also really like Floradix
         | for its gentler GI effects. I was anaemic (from a long term
         | health condition) and well, now I'm not. Daily seems fine, too.
         | 
         | I also use an app to check my haemoglobin levels. It is weird
         | that an app can do this, but I've calibrated it against less
         | frequent in-hospital blood tests and it checks out. See:
         | https://sanguina.com/anemocheck-mobile/
        
       | ElSinchi wrote:
       | Annoying huge Twitter threads.
       | 
       | Just. Write. An. Effin. Blog. Post.
       | 
       | Long form reading on Twitter is very cumbersome
        
         | aaaaaaaaata wrote:
         | How do I one-click retweet my favorite two lines of a blog post
         | and get all my friends to do the same?! /s
        
           | Nowado wrote:
           | You're laughing, but there are popular plugins for doing
           | exactly that.
        
       | yellowapple wrote:
       | This is the first I'm hearing of polycythemia vera having
       | anything to do with iron deficiency, but considering the overlap
       | of symptoms (and the fact that the former involves making _way_
       | too many blood cells) it makes a lot of sense.
        
       | hprotagonist wrote:
       | Too high isn't good either; the solution is downright medieval.
       | 
       | https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatos...
       | 
       | https://www.webmd.com/men/features/too-much-iron-in-your-blo...
       | 
       | So don't go gulping down the supplements all willy-nilly, either.
        
         | DelightOne wrote:
         | > Treatment includes regularly removing blood from your body.
         | 
         | Just regularly donate, no problem.
        
           | seper8 wrote:
           | Donating apparently also removes microplastics from your
           | body...
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Any references for that? What about just drinking a lot of
             | water so you have to pee more often?
        
               | robonerd wrote:
               | If there are any synthetic textiles in your home, it's
               | probably a lost cause; plastic dust everywhere. Every
               | time you eat, drink or breath, you'll be taking more in.
        
             | cma wrote:
             | Are they just freefloating in blood? Capillaries are tiny
             | and I thought micro plastics were closer to 1mm than
             | 1micron, despite the name. Capillaries are 8-10microns.
        
             | CoastalCoder wrote:
             | I'm curious if the donated blood is processed in a way that
             | removes those microplastics.
        
               | plorkyeran wrote:
               | Probably not, but if you're in need of a blood
               | transfusion you have more immediate concerns.
        
           | hprotagonist wrote:
           | yup!
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | If you're diagnosed with hemochromatosis, you may not be
           | permitted to donate; it seems to depend on your local blood
           | banks. There's some amount of concern that because the
           | donation is theraputic for the donor, they may not be
           | forthcoming about other factors that should disqualify them,
           | if present.
           | 
           | Of course, if it hasn't been diagnosed and you're a regular
           | donor, that's a happy accident.
        
             | im3w1l wrote:
             | That kinda makes sense. If you allowed them to donate even
             | with disqualifying factors (but flushed it down the drain),
             | it would fix the incentives. May not give enough additional
             | blood to be worth the bother?
        
         | dhzhzjsbevs wrote:
         | I'd hardly call a regular trip to give blood "medieval".
         | 
         | They're not giving out leeches.
        
           | hprotagonist wrote:
           | right; those are for cleanly healing scars.
           | 
           | "your humours are imbalanced and you should be bled, you'll
           | feel better" is not far off from "your iron level is too
           | high", though...
        
             | robonerd wrote:
             | Medical leeches are used to encourage blood flow,
             | particularly after reconstructive surgeries; the benefit is
             | not from the leech sucking your blood, but from the
             | bleeding that continues after the leach is removed. (Their
             | saliva has anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties.)
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | > "your humours are imbalanced and you should be bled,
             | you'll feel better" is not far off from "your iron level is
             | too high", though...
             | 
             | The difference is that now we have both empirical evidence
             | that it works, when it works, what the side effects are,
             | and generally why it works. As opposed to cargo culting,
             | poor cost/benefit analysis, and inaccurate understanding of
             | what's actually happening.
        
               | hprotagonist wrote:
               | we have a much better model now, i agree.
        
             | phkahler wrote:
             | >> those are for cleanly healing scars.
             | 
             | My go-to for that is Iodine.
        
               | metadat wrote:
               | I use those silicone scar strips. Wound healing
               | technology is nearly magical these days.
        
               | hprotagonist wrote:
               | the normal use is reduction of venous congestion at an
               | incision site after a major surgery, which i hope you're
               | not doing regularly enough to have a go-to!
        
           | treeman79 wrote:
           | Medical leeches are a thing.
           | 
           | https://www.uhhospitals.org/Healthy-at-
           | UH/articles/2020/03/h...
        
       | armchairhacker wrote:
       | for a long time, until I started eating meat I had low ferratin.
       | Iron supplements didn't help and even some weird ferratin
       | supplements didn't seem to work.
       | 
       | But iron is not ferratin (it's some kind of stored iron) and I'm
       | not sure if it really had any affect. I was low ferratin but
       | could I have been not low on iron?
       | 
       | Either way iron deficiency is common in vegetarians and vegans,
       | but there are plenty who are just fine. They get iron from tofu
       | and spinach which is different from the iron from meat and maybe
       | affects their levels differently, but it seems to work out.
        
         | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
         | *ferritin
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | danachow wrote:
         | Ferritin is the protein that stores iron in cells in almost
         | every organism from bacteria to humans - but its exact
         | structure and mechanism do differ. As a blood test, endogenous
         | ferritin level gives an indirect measure of iron stores.
         | Ferritin <25-30 ng/mL is consistent with iron deficiency anemia
         | - levels higher than this are more difficult to interpret -
         | they don't rule it out.
         | 
         | Whether or not consuming plant ferritin (when you buy
         | "ferritin" supplements that is what you're getting - usually a
         | pea plant) is an effective iron supplementation is another
         | question entirely. And as far as I know there is no great
         | evidence that it is non-inferior to typical oral iron products
         | (salts and saccharide compounds). The ideal treatment for iron
         | deficiency anemia is typically IV iron (or blood transfusion if
         | the anemia is profound enough to warrant it - but IV iron
         | replacement is one of those things coming back into fashion
         | finally after many years of being feared for reasons with poor
         | evidence.
        
       | morninglight wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Pakdef wrote:
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | Could this cause dizziness standing up?
        
         | fiatjaf wrote:
         | That's B12 deficiency.
        
           | bilsbie wrote:
           | I take b12 but maybe I'm still not getting enough?
        
             | fiatjaf wrote:
             | How much are you taking? 5000~10000mcg per day may not be
             | too much, also there are no side effects or overdose risks.
             | 
             | I think you should do a blood test and ensure you're at
             | least over 500 pg/ml.
        
               | petercooper wrote:
               | It's certainly worth checking B12 levels properly. It's
               | quite hard to be B12 deficient and a common reason to be
               | so is due to being unable to absorb it properly in the
               | digestive system (I think this is quite common with
               | celiac disease, for example). That's why injections are a
               | common approach. I went with sublingual administration
               | instead and it worked very well.
        
         | fasteo wrote:
         | Check this out [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9385-low-
         | bloo...
        
       | ravenstine wrote:
       | Iron is also needed in the electron transport chain as a
       | component of cytochrome C oxidase. If fewer iron molecules are
       | being prioritized for creating this enzyme, then less oxygen will
       | be reduced at a time. The rest of the Krebs cycle can be in an
       | optimal state but the cycle can only go as fast as the electron
       | transport chain will allow it. I imagine that given a deficiency,
       | the human body will prioritize iron formation in the blood over
       | creating new cytochrome C oxidase since transporting oxygen to
       | cells is more important than running the Krebs cycle at full
       | speed.
       | 
       | I have no idea if this is really what's going on, and it's
       | interesting that this is not mentioned in the linked articles.
       | The reduction of oxygen is really the final step for oxygen
       | before it becomes a part of metabolic water, and throwing off the
       | timing of binding oxygen atoms with protons will slow everything
       | down.
        
         | adrian_b wrote:
         | Your hypothesis is plausible, but as you have said, whether it
         | is true or not depends on the order in which the availability
         | of iron for each of its many functions in the body becomes
         | affected when iron is scarce.
         | 
         | Cytochrome C oxidase needs not only iron, but also copper. So
         | any symptoms caused by an iron deficiency to it, presumably a
         | decrease in the capacity for aerobic effort, should also appear
         | in the case of a copper deficiency.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> Your hypothesis is plausible, but as you have said,
           | whether it is true or not depends on the order in which the
           | availability of iron for each of its many functions in the
           | body becomes affected when iron is scarce.
           | 
           | I just assume that every logical/plausible concept is at play
           | and evolution does its best to balance everything. Rarely is
           | anything absolute.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | >> _...prioritize iron formation in the blood over creating new
         | _-_-cytochrome-_-_ C oxidase since transporting oxygen to cells
         | is more important than running the Krebs cycle at full speed._
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytochrome
         | 
         | Whats really interesting to me is the above statement related
         | to a longtime conspiracy-curriosity about the 'Russian kid from
         | Mars' ala an 'Indigo Child' and when back in the ~1990s or some
         | time when he was interviewed, he was ~10 years old and he said
         | that "Humans came from Mars, and after we got to earth, is when
         | we started to age - because Earth is oxigen based, and
         | breathing oxygen is what makes you age."
         | 
         | And this crazy piece talks about the iron found in the martian
         | atmosphere:
         | 
         | http://www.nuclearplanet.com/Martian%20Iron.html
         | 
         | >> _The atmosphere of Mars is 95.7% carbon dioxide (CO2), which
         | is available everywhere at the surface and which can readily be
         | compressed. The Martian carbon dioxide can be, simultaneously,
         | a source of carbon monoxide (CO) and a source of oxygen (O2)
         | through the thermal decomposition reaction:_
         | >>*2 CO2 - 2 CO + O2
         | (20.2)*
         | 
         | >> _Reaction Eq. (20.2) requires a temperature of about 1100C.
         | Note that the iron reduction reaction Eq. (20.1) can take place
         | at about 700C, but a higher temperature, such as 900C, would be
         | desirable._
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | What happens if a Nuke goes off in the Martian atmosphere?
        
       | xkbarkar wrote:
       | Was twitter really the right place for this? Very informational
       | piece, I liked it. But having to read it in 12 sections was
       | awkward. Disclaimer, I already dislike twitter.
        
         | yccs27 wrote:
         | It forces the writers to make every sentence count. No space
         | for fluff, people would just stop reading the chain. It results
         | in a much more condensed style than e.g. blog content.
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | I like that each tweet/paragraph can have its own commentary.
           | Provided it isn't anything political or bait-ey, the
           | discussion following each tweet can be insightful, and are
           | more contained and targeted than those usually found at the
           | end of a blog post.
           | 
           | It's important to remember that it's just a different medium
           | - you'll find blogs, Reddit and Facebook posts, memes and
           | infographics on this topic.
        
           | caymanjim wrote:
           | Except I stopped at the first sentence when I realized there
           | wasn't a link to any actual readable content.
        
         | amenghra wrote:
         | There's bots to unroll threads. Eg tag @threadreaderapp and
         | type unroll. Or just tag @UnrollThread.
        
         | bmacho wrote:
         | replace twitter with nitter:
         | https://nitter.it/tony_breu/status/1543311124560592898
         | 
         | since I don't use twitter, I've set up a userscript to do it
         | for me
        
         | Blahah wrote:
         | For a lot of people it's both the most effective way to
         | communicate atomic components of a stream of thought, and to
         | reach an audience. Very few other platforms offer the same
         | opportunity.
        
           | wrs wrote:
           | What I don't get is why it's good to communicate "components
           | of a stream of thought" as opposed to, you know, a complete
           | thought.
        
             | heavenlyblue wrote:
             | Probably for the same reason bible is separated into
             | verses. Easier to find more profound meaning in a small
             | atomic bit of a though taken out of context.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | I'm suddenly tempted to tweet the entire Bible.
        
               | irrational wrote:
               | Somebody already did.
        
               | InCityDreams wrote:
               | Which version?
        
           | sieabahlpark wrote:
        
         | abandonliberty wrote:
         | fixed:
         | https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1543311124560592898.html
        
         | danachow wrote:
         | I'm not the biggest fan of twitter but this is a practicing
         | internal medicine doc that is conveying information primarily
         | aimed at other doctors in training or practice - this is
         | information that is for the most part readily available,
         | nothing groundbreaking here, there are podcasts on the topic,
         | videos and other paid for sources of information. The novelty
         | is the medium - and if there are some that benefit from it and
         | the like the format I don't see the harm.
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | Not sure why people are defending this. It's not like
         | separating a page into paragraphs. This is so jarring it's
         | distracting.
        
           | hombre_fatal wrote:
           | On the other hand, I'm not sure I would have sat through an
           | entire blog post on the same issue. The tweet format is a
           | highlight reel, especially for subjects I don't even know I'm
           | interested in yet (this wouldn't go looking for long form
           | content).
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | Not sure why people are defending this. It's not like
         | separating a page into paragraphs. This is so jarring it's
         | distracting. I don't know what it is about the format, but
         | separating the piece like this makes it so I've completely
         | forgotten what the previous tweet was when I've gotten to the
         | next one.
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | I don't have the same problem with long threat tweets, and in
           | many cases prefer them over blogs as they're forced to
           | include only the most salient points.
        
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