[HN Gopher] Rocky Linux 9.0 ___________________________________________________________________ Rocky Linux 9.0 Author : TangerineDream Score : 107 points Date : 2022-07-14 16:14 UTC (6 hours ago) (HTM) web link (rockylinux.org) (TXT) w3m dump (rockylinux.org) | chomp wrote: | I'm super excited about this because it's being done in tandem | with the release of Peridot, Rocky's internal tooling to build | and maintain distro forks. | | https://github.com/rocky-linux/peridot | freedomben wrote: | Oh neat, thank you I didn't realize they had released that. | That's really a great value for the community! It increases my | opinion of Rocky | bravetraveler wrote: | Is anyone aware of a decent reference comparing say Alma and | Rocky? | | I imagine the 'product' is essentially the same, but policies or | procedures may differ - and these can be significant! It's what | draws me to the Fedora project so much. | | Asking as someone who wasn't really that bothered by CentOS | Stream. I've seen it as basically rolling point releases, which | wouldn't be a problem for me personally | freedomben wrote: | _Disclaimer: Former Red Hat employee_ | | My info might be slightly outdated cause last I looked into it | was a few months ago, but I would guess it's not terribly | different. Yes both are essentially the same product. Main | differences from user perspective are reliability of package | servers and speed of updates, plus community experience if you | get involved there (friendly tip: I suggest you stay the hell | away from the cess pool that is Reddit. That whole site | probably needs to die in a fire) | | *Alma Linux:* | | - Works closer with upstream (actually sends patches and | participates with dev on CentOS) | | - Backed by a for-profit company (which I consider a good thing | for longevity and reliability, but of course there's a risk of | profit and community incentives misalignment) | | - Fastest on updates when upstream releases | | - Friendly and appreciative (generally speaking) toward Red Hat | (without which none of their business would be possible) | | *Rocky Linux* | | - "Community" owned, but backed by some corporate money | | - Very volunteer-run. Have some paid employees working on but | many volunteers | | - Hostile (and sometimes hateful) toward Red Hat | | I mostly use CentOS Stream though and that has been rock solid. | I use Alma on my router and on a prod database server that will | be nearly impossible to rebuild that I migrated to Alma from | Cent, but CentOS feels better to me now than it did before | changing to Stream. | rubyist5eva wrote: | What are you going to do when support for CentOS Stream 8 | ends in 2024? Alma Linux 8 is supported until 2029 at least - | for me it's a no brainer to use Alma for something like a | database server. | dralley wrote: | The same thing all the Debian and Ubuntu LTS and OpenSUSE | Leap users would do, upgrade to a newer release. | | 10 years of unpaid support has always been an anomaly that | no other LTS distro provided. | rubyist5eva wrote: | Debian, Ubuntu and OpenSUSE Leap all support in-place | upgrades between major versions. RedHat/CentOS do not. | gravitate wrote: | Why should I use this over, say, Ubuntu or Linux Mint? What's the | unique selling point? And what's the target audience besides | Linux enthusiasts who still distrohop? | 5e92cb50239222b wrote: | 10 years of support for $0. If you need to set up a box and | forget that it exists (unless hardware breaks), this is what | you use. | _micheee wrote: | In case you don't intend distrohopping you use this for being | "an open-source enterprise operating system designed to be 100% | bug-for-bug compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux(r)." | | So its actually for people trying to replace CentOS which | RedHat decided to drop :) | ranger207 wrote: | It's a server distro (unlike Mint) in the Red Hat family | (unlike Ubuntu). As a server-oriented distribution it has | options for installing with a bare minimum of packages, | including no GUI, and typically has longer support cycles. As a | Red Hat derivative, it generally features more recent versions | of core Linux userland things like systemd, since Red Hat | employs a lot of the developers of those features. In | comparison to Ubuntu it also has far less snap packages, which | some people like because snaps have various problems in their | current implementation. | | The target audience is people who used to use Centos, before | Red Hat ended Centos 8 years early and moved it to a rolling | release schedule. Its primary competitors in the server-focused | Red Hat derivatives are Red Hat Enterprise Linux itself, which | is paid; Centos Stream, which is rolling release; or Alma | Linux, which is, currently, basically the same distro due to | how recent the Centos debacle was, but could diverge in the | future. | [deleted] | orthoxerox wrote: | It's off-brand RHEL. There's some server software that isn't | compatible with any other distro. So if you wanted to run it, | you either had to pay for a RHEL license, or run it on CentOS, | which was the original official off-brand version of RHEL. | | Then CentOS was killed by IBM/RedHat and reborn as the beta | distro for the next RHEL release. Rocky Linux and Alma Linux | were created to fill this niche. For example, you can run your | production server on RHEL, but run your test and dev machines | on Rocky while being reasonably sure that there won't be any | compatibility issues. | rnd0 wrote: | I think the target audience is people who want RHEL but don't | want to pay for it -same as almalinux? | NoahKAndrews wrote: | This is an equivalent to CentOS, now that there won't be any | more CentOS major releases besides CentOS Stream. | bubblethink wrote: | It's a downstream rebuild of RHEL 9. The release notes page | tragically fails to mentions that. Chalk that up to failures of | trademark law. | [deleted] | dang wrote: | Related: | | _Rocky Linux 8.4 GA_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27579297 - June 2021 (24 | comments) | | _Rocky Linux 8.4 RC1_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27568087 - June 2021 (64 | comments) | | _Rocky Linux releases its first release candidate_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27304012 - May 2021 (116 | comments) | | _Rocky Linux: A CentOS replacement by the CentOS founder_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25445725 - Dec 2020 (533 | comments) | | _Rocky Linux: Community enterprise OS compatible with RHEL_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25358739 - Dec 2020 (16 | comments) | | _Original CentOS founder intends to create new fork of RHEL_ - | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25354811 - Dec 2020 (8 | comments) | AdmiralAsshat wrote: | What's the thought process behind buying commercial support for a | free, binary-compatible RHEL clone, instead of just paying for | Red Hat support? Is the calculation that the once-in-a-blue-moon | call to a commercial Rocky Linux support vendor when your server | catches fire would still be cheaper than the cost of a normal | RHEL license? | freedomben wrote: | _Disclaimer: I 'm a former Red Hat employee, but only speak for | myself. I'm also going to speak very frankly._ | | You got it. From the customer side support from them is cheaper | than Red Hat's (sometimes much cheaper). From the supplier | side, they don't have to bear much (or any) of the cost of | development (beyond infra hosting and re-branding), so they can | beat Red Hat's price very easily. I personally find that gross | and unethical, but that's just my opinion. | tannhaeuser wrote: | I'd say it's a two-sided sword. There's no question RH | employs/founds large parts of Linux development, with only | Suse being remotely as involved (maybe historically). OTOH, | RH has pushed "innovations" such as systemd purely in their | own interest, fragmenting a once-strong and user-centric | F/OSS Unix community also including the BSDs into a Linux- | only cloud slavedom. Plus, it was IBM/RH who cancelled the | CentOS roadmap (after having bought-out the CentOS project | and community); they can't now expect to be treated as | trusted bona-fide Linux steward or something. | js4ever wrote: | They also created quay.io and fragmented docker global | public repo by asking sponsored FOSS project to publish | ONLY on quay. I really dislike redhat and won't touch | anything related with them. I really don't understand why | companies would pay thousands per server for support. I'm | working with Linux systems since 2 decades and never needed | to pay a cent in licenses or support. | freedomben wrote: | IBM had nothing to do with the CentOS decision. It was long | time Red Hat people who made the decision. I don't agree | with everything about the decision, but I don't think it's | as bad as most people say it is[1]. | | You are definitely right that RH has pushed things in their | own interest, but if those things don't offer value to the | broader community, then the community won't adopt them. Red | Hat can't force Debian or Ubuntu or Arch to adopt anything. | They can push it through Fedora Cent and RHEL, but that's | it. The other distros adopted systemd because it offered | benefits/improvements over existing things like Upstart. I | like firewalld, but that's a good example of something that | is only on RH despite RH pushing it. If systemd was really | such a negative, then you'd see distros like Devuan take | off. A frequent criticism is things like, "Red Hat made | Gnome dependent on systemd" which isn't wrong, but they | didn't just do it because they could. There were real | benefits there. | | I think the reality of life is that there will always be | people who want things to change, and those who don't want | the change. To succeed you have to find a balance. | | Also important to remember when decrying "fragmentation" | (which I decry also btw), in a massive heterogeneous | community like open source, you're gonna have users who | have completely different needs and use cases, and both are | valid. The beauty of it is the code is open and free, so | people can serve niche use cases as well as standard. | | [1]: Query string gets you past the "monthly limit" paywall | that sometimes pops up: | https://freedomben.medium.com/centos-is-not-dead-please- | stop... | gh02t wrote: | While I agree with you, it _is_ fair to say RH has an | unusual amount of leverage with respect to forcing | things. They directly control a lot of big ticket | projects, and have powerful leadership positions in | others. They can coordinate major changes across the | board and the momentum they can throw behind some | decisions can certainly exert a LOT of pressure. This isn | 't necessarily a bad thing though - as you note it can be | good to have a leader, but it's also something that can | be detrimental too. | bombcar wrote: | Unethical would be if the companies selling the support then | turn around and use their (one) Red Hat license whenever | there's a real difficult problem. | | But the vast majority of "support" for Linux isn't engineer- | level, it's likely config and setup. Which is where both Red | Hat and others try to make their money. | jbverschoor wrote: | and RH doesn't have to bear much of the cost of the | development of Linux, GNU, and many other products. This is | the spirit of OS.. If you think that's unethical, you should | find another employer ;) | | edit: ah.. _former_ employee.. so that part was already done | :) | freedomben wrote: | > _RH doesn 't have to bear much of the cost of the | development of Linux, GNU, and many other products._ | | I disagree. RH is one of the top contributors to many of | the major projects that make up the distro. Also the | process of building/maintaining a distro is itself | enormous. The 3rd parties have none of that expense so they | can undercut the cost easily. In the end it hurts the whole | ecosystem, while benefiting a select few. | bubblethink wrote: | >I personally find that gross and unethical. | | Where does the code come from ? All in the game yo. | freedomben wrote: | Yep, definitely not illegal, although IMHO there things | that are legal but still unethical. And the line of | ethicality is highly subjective. There is sort of a limiter | in place in that if it got too bad RH could kill it pretty | quickly by not publishing all the SRPMs. Although if they | did that, I think the ecosystem would fall apart. I would | bail. Part of my irritation is definitely a bad taste in my | mouth still from Oracle. | harha wrote: | Out of curiosity, what sort of problems would customers | typically run into? | | My very naive understanding is that it's just the OS and then | only even a distribution (just to emphasize- very naive), | what would they need apart from some networking and to run | some software on top that needs so much support? | nightfly wrote: | Bugs. | bityard wrote: | I think (or at least I hope) that anyone who buys a support | contract from a third-party company for a third-party | distribution understands that they are not getting the same | level of support that they would from Red Hat. | | There is lots of room in the enterprise sector for third- | party support. This is, for example, what almost all | consultants effectively are. The third-party vendor can solve | a lot of problems that the customer may not have the | experience to deal with and can be well worth the price paid. | But at the end of the day if there's an actual bug all the | way upstream in RHEL, only RHEL can (permanently) fix that. | | I've dealt with Red Hat in the past and one good thing about | their support is that if you have a particularly thorny | problem or a genuine bug, you will often eventually end up | talking directly to someone who is either wrote the code or | sits next to the person who did. | carwyn wrote: | It goes further than that. If you file a bug on Red Hat's | bugzilla with or without a support contract, you will quite | often get a response if you put the effort into producing a | detailed report. No guarantee, sometimes just others with | the same issue, but still pretty good. You will also find | Red Hat employees on the mailing lists for the OSS projects | they contribute or depend on who actively participate in | conversations there. | | If you have a support contract though and open a case, the | level and quality of support is usually very high. | jacobr1 wrote: | Is this still true after the IBM acquisition? | bonzini wrote: | There's been absolutely no change for most employees | after the acquisition. | freedomben wrote: | You make some great points, thanks (side note: I love HN | for conversations exactly like this one). You've won me | over somewhat. As long as the support vendor isn't | misrepresenting what they offer and how it differs from Red | Hat, it doesn't seem nearly as unethical as it felt | initially. I've only had experience with a handful of | vendors, but all of them marketed themselves as "same | support as Red Hat, 1/4 to 1/2 the price." I find that | gross, but if it were "we'll help you setup and configure | your machine" rather than "use us instead of Red Hat" I | don't really have an issue with that. | korlja wrote: | RedHat licenses are just too expensive by sticker price. | Beancounters haunt us for deploying RedHat because "the | Windows license for that box would have been cheaper in our | licensing model". That there is support included which we | never use doesn't matter to them, the usual suggestion being | "buy support for one box, test everything on that one, and | open a support case for that one box, replicate the solution | everywhere". | | If you want to fix this, make a RedHat license be | significantly cheaper than the equivalent Windows product. | Charge for support by ticket/case and only support licensed | boxes. You'll earn a lot more because it'll look cheaper to | the beancounters. | bogwog wrote: | You're forgetting to mention the part where Rocky Linux is | not just a rebrand of RHEL, it's a revival of CentOS, which | IBM killed off in what's effectively a bait-and-switch, | forcing customers to go through the painful/expensive | migration process to another distro, or the less-painful but | still expensive migration process to RHEL. | | Rocky Linux is a shining example of both a free market and | the open source community working to the benefit consumers. I | don't see how that's unethical. | flatiron wrote: | Centos 8 to alma/rocky 8 wasn't at least for me | painful/expensive. I updated my boxes in place. | linsomniac wrote: | Former consultant here: There are a lot of entities out there | that aren't really a good fit for Red Hat's service | offerings, but who may still need the system. As others have | said, Red Hat is a great provider if you may need support | from someone deep in the bowels of the exact code you're | having a problem with. | | Having consultants out there using CentOS/Rocky/whatever gets | these "not a good fit" customers burden off Red Hat, which is | probably an advantage to them. I operated what amounts to a | "phone a Linux friend" service for ~18 years, and that sort | of help just doesn't really fit into Red Hat's offering. | | It's nice in many ways to be able to disconnect from the | licensing model and just be able to deploy Linux boxes, but | still get help when you need it. I recall one conversation | about Red Hat licensing related to a machine I was installing | for a client named "The Fedora Project" that went like this: | | "I assume you'd like me to put Red Hat on there?" "Yes." "Can | you provide me with a license key to use on it?" "Uhhh. Just | go ahead and install CentOS". | bonzini wrote: | Yeah, that's fine. On the other hand, giving discounts for | Linux just because you make a buttload of money from a | certain database... | cies wrote: | Did CentOS not do the same? RH bought them, right? Then | changed it to a rolling release experiment. I guess that was | a talent acquisition? So RH benefited off the previous | attempt to do this. | | Also RH packages open source project and also does not | necessarily gives back to every project. | | The right to help your neighbor is important to open source. | I find Rocky does just that. | js4ever wrote: | What I find gross and unethical is your attitude, it's open | source or not? If yes don't be shocked when someone is | reusing your code legally. | AdmiralAsshat wrote: | Well, it's the classic "We don't need support until we need | support" perspective from the CFO or CIO or whomever that's | looking to cut costs. I've had clients who always had some | excuse for why their mission-critical production box still | couldn't justify the cost of a proper RHEL license ("No! If | build my PROD box on RHEL, then my DR box will have to be | RHEL, and my Test box will have to be RHEL! So you see it's | really _three_ licenses I 'd have to buy!") and always | insisted on CentOS. But despite needing everything to work | correctly 100% of the time and mandating several levels of | redundancy, they were curiously okay with being up the creek | if they ran into an OS problem. Go figure. | | FWIW, clients I dealt with were universally thrilled with | RedHat support, the ones who had it. I had one tell me over | the phone once, "Oh yeah! Red Hat is amazing! If an issue | gets assigned to an engineer, it will be _resolved_ by that | same engineer. Unlike you guys. " | freedomben wrote: | absolutely, I saw that quite a bit as well. I was really | glad to see Red Hat change their policy so that non-prod | machines are free now. That makes it a lot more affordable | for people doing CI/CD with staging and dev environments. | The old model disincentivized good practices. | legalcorrection wrote: | Live by the sword, die by the sword. Red Hat can develop a | closed-source OS and sue people who copy it, but then no one | would use their product. If one of your major selling points | is open source, not to mention benefiting from all of the | non-RH developed code that is in RHEL, you can't complain | about the perfectly predictable consequences of that. | Dracophoenix wrote: | I appreciate your candor, but what makes this "gross and | unethical" exactly? RedHat itself makes money by charging for | support on work made by thousands of other coders outside the | company (i.e. Linus et al). It's hypocritical if you ask me. | freedomben wrote: | Good point, there's some hypocrisy at play here. I think | overall though the "taking" done by RH is on the whole much | less than most of the 3rd party support vendors. But my | original language was a little harsher than I really feel. | | Red Hat funds an enormous amount of the development of | projects (like the kernel), and makes Fedora one of the | best (IMHO the best) distros for personal computing, so is | one of the top contributors to the community at large. | Their support also actively fixes bugs and sends them | upstream. | | Contrast that with many of the cheaper 3rd party supports, | who rarely if ever send contributions (beyond bug reports, | which are sometimes a positive contribution, but frequently | are net drain because the bug reports don't contain enough | info to be reproducible or actionable). They also don't do | much or any development. | | Of course this is a broad stereotype. I'm sure you can find | 3rd party support providers that do contribute to the | community. | arsome wrote: | The commercial support being offered is from 3rd parties, not | from Rocky Linux itself. | freedomben wrote: | Yes, this is a good point to make explicitly, thank you. | The support is from 3rd parties. Those 3rd parties are | probably kicking some funding back, but I don't think Rocky | is doing anything unethical by offering their rebuild or by | accepting that money. | | I think overall Rocky is a net positive for the world and | for Red Hat. | tjader wrote: | Is it more unethical than any other entity selling consulting | for CentOS and Red Hat support? | freedomben wrote: | No, it's the same. I think the amount of upstream | contributions (i.e. patches) that the entity sends offsets | some of the ethicality deficit. At some point it would even | go positive if they send enough upstream fixes. | | Obviously this is entirely my opinion :-D | | There's also an impossible-to-measure factor in the form of | eco-system benefit though. For example, I would never have | paid for RHEL had I not entered into the eco-system through | Fedora and CentOS. So while RH didn't make money from my | CentOS usage, it did eventually make them money because I | bought RHEL later when it was worth it. I don't know how | you would calculate that, but it does offset ethicality | deficit somewhat as well | mistrial9 wrote: | hi - thank you for speaking plainly to a large tech | audience. Isnt there some "market correction" due though, | overall, since OSS and Linux have become so central, so | deeply performant, while the engineers and other | "community" repeatedly get zero money.. Although the | point of simply cloning and re-selling the work of | RedHat, perhaps with support claims, might look bad, we | overall have to allow some growth for non-centralized | players right? | freedomben wrote: | Yes, I agree there's value in decentralization. And to | clarify, I don't think there are is anything unethical | about offering a RHEL clone like Rocky and Alma do. I | think that's a net positive for everyone, even Red Hat. | My beef is more with the people that sell support which | directly undermines Red Hat and ultimately hurts all eco- | system users because it means less development, less QA, | etc. | | That said market competition in general is a good thing, | and I don't doubt for a minute that Red Hat prices would | be a lot higher without the competition. It's a complex | equation that's impossible to calculate since the inputs | are immeasurable and in many cases theoretical. | ch_123 wrote: | I've often seen internal IT/ops departments build their own | packages for CentOS (pre Stream days) and do their own support. | It's not the right call for every organization, but in that | case, the Red Hat support does little. | orev wrote: | I wish both Rocky and Alma well, as having multiple projects | active keeps everyone on their toes. | | Glad to see this release from Rocky! | jmclnx wrote: | congrads on 9.0! | jjice wrote: | Hadn't heard about Rocky Linux since the initial announcement, | but this is really great to see. 10 year LTS is pretty great, | especially coming from Amazon Linux where you're lucky for three | years... | 5e92cb50239222b wrote: | Note that AlmaLinux released 9.0 about 40 days ago. They're also | significantly faster with releasing minor updates (including | releases like 8.6). | | On top of that, I like their attitude a lot more compared to what | I've seen from Rocky's developers (regarding community | interactions and such stuff). | | https://lwn.net/Articles/896438/ | | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlmaLinux#Releases | bubblethink wrote: | They are both new. So, this may be a one time thing due to | tooling changes or whatever. Too early to jump to conclusions. | freedomben wrote: | You're not wrong, but CentOS (from inception) has always been | really slow to release. When RHEL 7 dropped it took months to | get the first CentOS build. CentOS having the same found, it | isn't terribly surprising to me to see them be a little | slower. When Alma launched, speed of updates was a specific | goal of theirs because CentOS had been so painful in that | area. | | Most of the time I think it's fine. Mainly it hurts when | there are security updates you need. | Twirrim wrote: | There's reasons why it takes time. The perspective that | it's "just produce rebranded RPMs" really undersells even | something as significant as the amount of server power | required to recompile all the packages. You couldn't get | the packages until the distribution upstream had released, | so no way to get ahead of the build time. You just had to | suck it up at release time. | | You used to be able to track the build process for CentOS | when it was a RHEL clone, see how many packages were left | to go as the days crawled past. | | Things are a little better with the way that development | happens more recently. 6 was a massive delay for | distributions because RedHat had overhauled a lot around | the build process and distributions needed to completely | overhaul their stuff too, in ways that weren't that | obvious. | rubyist5eva wrote: | Alma Linux has always been faster for releases since the | beginning. I believe their first release was 8.3 and was very | ahead of Rocky and they've maintained that pace to this day. | Security updates are within a day or two, point releases are | within 7 days and I think the 9.0 release was less than a | month. | | This is probably because the project was initially founded by | Cloud Linux, which I believe already had the expertise to do | RedHat clones and basically donated the setup - whereas Rocky | started from scratch from what I can tell. | jonathanspw wrote: | point releases are usually within 3 days and 9.0 release | was within 10 days :) | rubyist5eva wrote: | The Alma Linux team does incredible work, it's my goto | distro since it was first released :) | 5e92cb50239222b wrote: | It's been close to 1.5 years. I've been using both since the | beginning and can see pretty well how quickly both systems | pick up updates. But let's just look at release delays (in | days since the official RHEL is shipped): ver | Alm Rocky 8.4 8 34 8.5 3 6 8.6 | 2 6 9.0 9 58 | | Not seeing any patterns here? | | One of them is being done by a team that's been shipping | another Linux distribution for a decade and has the whole | process streamlined and automated. The other started by loud | release announcements, creating Slack groups and marketing | materials, only then going for solving the technical stuff. I | think I've made my choice pretty much right then and there. | | Seeing how Rocky guys behaved towards the community (like | their refusal to go to a popular Linux podcast unless the | host was willing to forego any comparisons with other Linux | distributions), and these release delays proved that. | mattewgm wrote: | Faster like Springdale? This is an endurance race. CentOS | is the survivor of several clones. | | "The best reason we have is our speed. If we assume all | RHEL clones are equal in terms of software, people tend to | then weigh speed and community size/support very heavily. | We get new packages out very very quickly because nearly | all the rebuilds can be automated. We had PUIAS 6 out over | a month before CentOS 6 came out. The same is true of minor | revisions - of CentOS, SL, and PUIAS, we had a 5.8 release | out first." - "IAmA Developer for the PUIAS Linux | distribution - AMA" | stonogo wrote: | It's amusing that you're presenting Alma as the veterans, | seeing as how several founding members of Rocky were | responsible for starting CentOS in the first place. | | But you're right, they're both RHEL clones, so it's only | worth differentiating based on externalities. Rocky is | backed by industry veterans and part of the 9.0 delay was | so they could dogfood Peridot. Alma is backed by a web | company who spent the majority of the past couple years | Valley-washing their Russian origins. A while back I | watched their CEO beg their executive team to cut ties with | Russian media sites. Rockey had a community governance | model first, they had a distro-dedicated SecureBoot | solution first (Alma 'borrowed' CloudLinux's), and so | forth. If your metric is 'get package releases to my AWS | fleet first' then Alma is winning. For all the rest of the | provisioning and longevity issues, Rocky is the winner. | It's all a matter of priorities. | awill wrote: | I don't quite understand "provisioning and longevity | issues, Rocky is winning." | | As a user of CentOS looking for a replacement, Alma and | Rocky should be 100% identical. The _only_ difference is | delay after RHEL launches. ___________________________________________________________________ (page generated 2022-07-14 23:00 UTC)