[HN Gopher] The Kodak Disc Camera
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       The Kodak Disc Camera
        
       Author : nickt
       Score  : 29 points
       Date   : 2022-09-04 14:01 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (clickamericana.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (clickamericana.com)
        
       | js2 wrote:
       | > The Kodak Disc camera was introduced with great fanfare in
       | 1982. The new cameras were lightweight, foolproof (with auto-
       | exposure and built-in flash), affordable, and used a brand new
       | kind of film cartridge.
       | 
       | My dad owned a darkroom/photoshop/one-hour lab for about 30 years
       | starting in the 70s. I worked for him for about 5 of those years
       | centered around highschool.
       | 
       | There is absolutely no such thing as a foolproof camera. You
       | would not believe all the ways people can screw up even the most
       | "foolproof" of designs.
       | 
       | As just one example: with a traditional 35 mm camera, the film
       | unspools from its lightproof cartridge onto a take-up spool in
       | the camera. When you reach the end of of the roll, you press a
       | button on the camera to release a clutch, then you turn a knob to
       | rewind the film back into its cartridge before opening the camera
       | back and removing the film.
       | 
       | https://filtergrade.com/load-film-35mm-camera/
       | 
       | One obvious and easy to make error is accidentally opening the
       | camera back before rewinding the film, usually ruining
       | ("fogging") all the pictures you shot. :-(
       | 
       | But what you wouldn't guess someone would be able to do is to
       | rewind the film without releasing the clutch. Doing so requires a
       | large amount of force because you're tearing the sprockets off
       | the side of the film where it travels over the gear that's
       | normally used to advance the film.
       | 
       | Any yet, this is something I saw more than one time. Customers
       | would never admit to doing this, but I mean, come on, we'd open
       | the cartridge to remove the film for development and the sides
       | would have been torn off and there's only one way this happens.
       | 
       | Then there's the questions... no, dropping the exposed film did
       | not blur the images.
        
       | dannyw wrote:
       | Tangential Ask HN: For someone looking to get into film
       | photography for the first time, what camera would you recommend?
       | I prefer something as mechanical as possible (less electronics
       | the better!), but a working light meter might be helpful.
        
         | ruined wrote:
         | holga or diana. it's a plastic box with a shutter. you will be
         | forced to learn and get creative.
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | Those are bad in general and also specifically bad for
           | learning since the results aren't repeatable.
        
         | cpsns wrote:
         | Literally almost any working camera will be fine, just pick one
         | you like and have at it. As a beginner your photos aren't going
         | to be amazing, so you won't gain much from some crazy
         | expensive/fancy camera, nor do you even know if you'll like
         | working with film.
         | 
         | You don't even need a light meter really (though they are very
         | helpful), basic rules like sunny-16 will go along way and will
         | help teach you how to judge exposure.
         | 
         | 1950-60s rangefinders can be a fun place to start. They've got
         | everything you need, nothing you don't, are full mechanical,
         | and often very cheap.
         | 
         | The most important thing is to get out, learn how film behaves
         | and to learn how to take good photos. Don't get caught in the
         | trap a lot of beginners do worrying about gear to the point
         | they focus on that more than actually using it.
        
         | xdennis wrote:
         | If you just want to try, get a good Zeiss Ikon Contina. It's
         | the cheapest camera (20-30 dollars for a good model) of a great
         | quality that I have. Fully mechanic, no battery.
        
         | greggeter wrote:
         | Any Nikon from the 90s with a focus drive motor. Put it in
         | manual and have a ball.
         | https://www.kenrockwell.com/nikon/n55.htm
        
         | 12xo wrote:
         | Nikon FM2. The best beginner SLR ever made. Add a 85mm 1.4 or a
         | 110mm and a 35mm 1.4 lens and you're on your way.
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | I don't really follow the used market that much, but I'm
           | thinking the is the best answer if you've got a good budget
           | to work with and the other post saying the Pentax K1000 is
           | better if you don't.
           | 
           | One potential advantage is the ability to use old Nikon
           | lenses on newer digital cameras, but that's of limited
           | utility when trying to use old manual focus lenses on modern
           | bodies that aren't really designed for them.
        
             | frostburg wrote:
             | The manual lenses are actually better on modern mirrorless
             | cameras than on older dslr ones, because those had
             | viewfinders that made focusing manually rather hard, while
             | the mirrorless bodies have good focus aids.
        
         | mc32 wrote:
         | I think the EOS Rebels. Of course you could go back to all
         | mechanical; but this is a decent compromise.
        
           | frostburg wrote:
           | No EOS camera is mechanical because they all use EF lenses
           | with electronic aperture control, I don't think that's what
           | the parent post asks for.
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | I interpreted it as film. For mechanical the old Pentax
             | K-1000 is a nice entry option.
        
         | joblessjunkie wrote:
         | There are many correct answers here, but I recommend the Pentax
         | K1000. It is possibly the world's #1 most-manufactured camera,
         | and was the standard camera for beginner photography classes
         | throughout the 80s and 90s.
         | 
         | There are vendors on eBay that specialize in this camera and
         | have literally 100s of cameras in stock.
         | 
         | Early models are all-metal, while later ones incorporate some
         | plastic, but are consequently lighter. At this age, I wouldn't
         | worry about the reliability difference of the two, and simply
         | plan to replace the body if it fails.
         | 
         | The Pentax K-mount has a lot of cheap, good glass. The 50/1.8
         | is standard and fabulous, the 28/2.8 and 135/4 are also amazing
         | and can be had for under $50.
         | 
         | The camera is entirely manual, with no autofocus or
         | autoexposure available. Optionally, you can put a button cell
         | battery in it to power a simple exposure meter, visible as a
         | needle indicator in the viewfinder.
         | 
         | I've been shooting these for 40 years, so I'm a bit biased, but
         | I do recommend them just for their ubiquity and cheap
         | replaceability.
        
           | musictubes wrote:
           | The K1000 and the Canon AE-1 are some of the only model names
           | that people still recognize. They were both basic cameras
           | when new. Ironically, they are now frequently more expensive
           | than better cameras from the same makers. The name
           | recognition has driven search.
           | 
           | I now recommend a Pentax MX, the same operation of a K1000
           | but better in every way. It was a more upscale all mechanical
           | camera from Pentax. If you want a Canon, go for an Fb to Ftb
           | for mechanical cameras or an A1 if you want more automated
           | exposure options.
           | 
           | The best deals are probably the autofocus cameras from the
           | 90s. With a little looking around you can probably find a
           | Minolta XtSI with a 50mm lens for $50 or less. It is small
           | and the lens, like all 50mm, is great. It also has a built in
           | flash and a variety of of auto modes to simplify picture
           | taking. Yes, they are cheap, plastic cameras that will not
           | last a very long time. But you can get then for so cheap it
           | doesn't really matter. The lenses tend to last longer. You
           | can get similar deals on other brands too. Pentax autofocus
           | cameras are super cheap but you can find Canon Rebels by the
           | truckload as well as many Nikon (the N/F80 is my favorite
           | plastic fantastic from them).
        
         | hef19898 wrote:
         | I would recommend two cameras, both Nikon since I'm a Nikon guy
         | since my dad handed me his F4 when I was 12 or so.
         | 
         | First is a FA, fully mechanical and a nice camera. Not sure
         | about availability so.
         | 
         | The second, and already sporting stuff you also find on modern
         | DSLRs, is a Nikon F4. At least over here more or less
         | available, industructible (even half submerged in rain water
         | pictures are great and the camera did not suffer).
         | 
         | Benefit of both is that they work with every F-mount lense
         | Nikon ever made. Not sure about the latest G series without
         | aperture rings, could be the F4 accepts those. And those
         | lenses, if you get the good ones, all work great on Nikon's
         | DSLRs up to the recent D780 and D850. And those lenses are
         | available cheap used since everybody goes mirrorless. With a F4
         | and a decent set of lenses it is easy to go didgital on a
         | budget, e.g. with a used good condition D700. Full format,
         | feels a lot like a F4, both are professional bodies, and not
         | too expensive.
         | 
         | Invest the difference to mirrorless into travelling to nice
         | places where you can take nice pictures.
         | 
         | Oh, and using film helps improve your photography, if a picture
         | takes time and money to develop you are much more concious
         | about what you shoot.
         | 
         | Damn, now I'm motivated to break out the afore mentioned F4
         | again and some B+W film...
         | 
         | Edit: If you can get your hands on a Canon EOS1 your good too.
         | It's Canon's F4 equivalant and Canon lenses are great. Canon
         | does have less lens downward conpatability so. Nikon cameras
         | are hefty, you feel what you handle, Canons are lighter and
         | feel, well, not flimsy in comparison but you get the drift. I
         | like hefty, solid cameras, others don't, so ouck your poison.
        
         | frostburg wrote:
         | Olympus OM-1 (or OM-1n) if you can stand using silver oxide
         | batteries for the light meter. There are many other great fully
         | mechanical options but they can be somewhat expensive or have
         | issues with finding lenses. The OM-2n is also great but the
         | shutter requires a working battery and it's actually a very
         | complex camera internally (it does real-time aperture priority
         | metering by measuring the light reflected by the film surface
         | while the shutter is open, if you want it to).
         | 
         | A Nikkormat FT3 or Nikon FM would also be good choices, but I
         | like the compactness of the Olympus.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Yeah, watch out for battery requirements. Canon A-1, AE-1,
           | F-1 are also reasonable choices. (Basically any FD lens
           | system camera.) The trick is probably finding something that
           | is in decent shape but not "collectible" shape. Looking
           | through KEH's catalog is probably a good start.
        
             | frostburg wrote:
             | The issue there is that the once very affordable FD lenses
             | are now popular among filmmakers for rehousing, which makes
             | them a lot less affordable. Pre-AI Nikon is cheaper.
        
               | skhr0680 wrote:
               | > Pre-AI Nikon is cheaper
               | 
               | No it's not! Pre-Ai Nikon lenses are also made out of
               | toxic metal that will break modern cameras!
        
               | frostburg wrote:
               | No, they'll break modern cameras due to their shape, but
               | that's why I mentioned the FT3 and FM.
        
       | Lio wrote:
       | I had one of these as a kid. I think it was the basic 3100 with
       | the gold front.
       | 
       | From memory the major problem for me was not the picture quality
       | or an lack of features on the camera. It was the cost of film,
       | developing and that it only had a few exposures per disk.
       | 
       | It was just too expensive to run compared to a 35mm camera. A few
       | years later the disposable 35mm cameras came out and that just
       | killed it completely.
        
       | jandrese wrote:
       | Company attempts to transition customers to a proprietary product
       | but fails.
       | 
       | There is a lot of upside for Kodak with this product, but not so
       | much for the consumer, especially at the price point for the
       | camera. Instamatic already existed and covered the same use
       | cases. The only "problem" is that Instamatic was going off patent
       | so anybody would be able to make the film.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | I'm not sure what the sales numbers were for the 110 film
         | Instamatics but it was also the case that anything that used
         | film that was much less than a 35mm frame in area was fairly
         | compromised in terms of quality--especially when combined with
         | other camera components that were low cost.
        
         | acomjean wrote:
         | After they discontinued it, Kodak tried another small film
         | format (aps). More traditional cartridge style and let you
         | shoot different aspect ratios.
         | 
         | But smaller file meant worse quality than 35mm.
         | 
         | The name "APS" lived on when camera manufacturers used smaller
         | sensors on cameras designed for full frame lenses.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Photo_System
        
         | Theodores wrote:
         | The problem in the UK was what I call 'bang per buck'. Most
         | magazines had envelopes fall out of them for mail order photo
         | processing. This market was a race to the bottom, with the
         | service becoming a commodity. To keep you coming back there
         | would be a 'free' unexposed reel of film for every reel you
         | sent in.
         | 
         | When the new disc films came along there were no upsides in
         | area of film exposed, there was no upgrade path (you could not
         | use the same film in an SLR as a point and shoot fixed focus)
         | and only photographers that worked commercially were in the
         | market for buying film. Most people went for the mail order
         | option or Boots The Chemist, found on every High Street and
         | able to do a quick turnaround at a fair price.
         | 
         | The 1980's were also quite expensive when it came to consumer
         | items. We no longer buy cameras 'made in America' and the
         | thought of it is quite unimaginable today, you know straight
         | off the bat that you are not going to be able to afford it.
         | Furthermore, nothing in store was on a 'point of sale' system
         | with retailers knowing exactly how much stock they have. There
         | have been vast efficiency changes over the last forty years.
         | All of this factors into price.
         | 
         | On the flip side, the boomers were relatively rich and the
         | difference between rich and poor was not what it is today,
         | hence there was a large customer base in the middle class that
         | could afford these things.
        
       | plg wrote:
       | We had one of these when I was a kid... took it on holiday to
       | Maui one winter. Super fun and easy to carry around everywhere.
       | Only problem was, photos were absolutely terrible. Grain was
       | incredibly large, no detail. I guess because the actual negative
       | was so small. Never used it again.
        
         | quercusa wrote:
         | But, but: _" HR film can be over or underexposed several stops
         | and still produce acceptable prints."_
         | 
         | I worked in a one-hour photo lab. Disc photos always looked
         | like crap. If you couldn't get a decent photo with the light in
         | Maui, there was no hope.
        
       | intrasight wrote:
       | Story I've shared on HN in the past. In the summer of '83, I did
       | an internship at Kodak. I worked at the Elmgrove facility where
       | the disc cameras were made. Early in my stint, I got a plant tour
       | of the building where those cameras were made. The factory was
       | going full bore to keep up with demand. I was in awe of the
       | factory and the level of automation and the sheer size of the
       | machines!
       | 
       | There were 18,000 people at that one Kodak facility. Start and
       | end time were staggered in five minute increments to manage car
       | flow. To think at the time that just five years later it would
       | all come to a rather quick end was unthinkable.
        
         | intrasight wrote:
         | And to add: I've often contemplated an alternative history
         | where Kodak had the foresight to invest those hundreds of
         | millions into digital photograph.
        
           | GeneT45 wrote:
           | My first digital camera was a Kodak. Purchased around '97(?)
           | for the princely sum of $1000. It was 1.1Mp IIRC and took
           | excellent photos for the time. It also consumed AA batteries
           | with the same alacrity that its ancestors consumed film.
        
           | chiph wrote:
           | I had a Kodak DC260 - not quite 2 megapixels resolution, but
           | had optical zoom with autofocus, used a compact flash card
           | for storage, and ate AA batteries like they were candy.
           | Connectivity was USB, IrDA (infrared), and analog video
           | (NTSC/PAL).
           | 
           | What many people didn't know is that it came with several
           | SDKs. 1) It had a scripting language that ran on the camera,
           | 2) Visual Basic 4 or 5, and 3) VBA for Office applications,
           | so you could do something like automate employee ID badge
           | creation.
           | 
           | Honestly, I don't know what they could have done to make up
           | the loss of recurring consumable revenue in the digital world
           | beyond what they already did with Kodak branded photo paper,
           | Kodak branded memory cards, and Kodak branded accessories
           | like lanyards and bags.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | Certainly there was resistance to digital photography within
           | Kodak. But they did some work with digital very early on and
           | PhotoCD was another effort to get into the transition from
           | film to digital. In any case, the early 80s was way too early
           | for consumer digital photography to be practical.
           | 
           | But what would Kodak really have brought to digital--
           | especially at the scale to replace their consumables
           | business? After all, Kodak once owned a full chemical company
           | (that they spun off at some point) to provide them with their
           | chemical needs. They didn't have much in the way of
           | semiconductor expertise. Their network of dealers could have
           | (and actually did) provide some ability for consumers to
           | print digital photos early on. It's not like Kodak was making
           | anything other than cameras like this when digital came in.
           | 
           | Fujifilm did better with the transition to digital by
           | leveraging their emulsion and chemical expertise. But they
           | still had a rough time of it and were a much smaller company.
        
             | shuntress wrote:
             | The point is that Kodak was so huge and had such a big head
             | start it didn't matter that they had no _direct_ experience
             | with semiconductors.
             | 
             | Decision makers at kodak should have been able to leverage
             | their considerable resources to gain market share with the
             | new technology that would eventually replace their main
             | product.
             | 
             | All things considered, they did a pretty good job of
             | scaling down and staying alive. But it's a classic example
             | of _" My salary depends on not understanding it"_
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Kodak could have gone into any arbitrary new
               | manufacturing business. Heck, they could have invented
               | the smartphone. But besides smartphones, digital
               | photography is not a particularly good business to be in.
        
               | riffic wrote:
               | wasn't there a recent initiative to pivot into
               | pharmaceutical research or chemicals or something?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | They do (and always have done) a lot with chemicals and
               | emulsions only some of which is imaging-related. They
               | also did copiers for a time--which I believe they got out
               | of although they do still have a commercial printing
               | business. I think they also had a healthcare initiative
               | of some sort at one point but they seem to be out of that
               | as well.
        
               | shuntress wrote:
               | True this is essentially just saying "they could have
               | diversified" but my main point is that they should have
               | diversified into the up-and-coming field where they could
               | claim some expertise.
               | 
               |  _Someone_ uses precise complicated chemical
               | manufacturing processes that require a deep understanding
               | of color science to produce the millions of sensors in
               | phones, cars, cameras, doorbells, etc. And it 's _not_
               | Kodak.
        
               | cProdigy wrote:
               | great
        
             | js2 wrote:
             | PhotoCD seemed like a pretty half-assed effort and there
             | wasn't really a market for it. There were PhotoCD players
             | but no one really wanted to view their images on a TV. So
             | great, you've digitized your photo, now what? People just
             | weren't sharing their images digitally yet. But anyway, my
             | dad tried to sell them in his shop, and I transferred 100
             | of my favorite images at the time to PhotoCD in 1993.
             | Here's a few:
             | 
             | https://i.ibb.co/bPPgvBN/Photo-37-of-100.jpg
             | 
             | https://i.ibb.co/G5r08cY/Photo-50-of-100.jpg
             | 
             | https://i.ibb.co/X2nPJgT/Photo-74-of-100.jpg
             | 
             | https://i.ibb.co/n1pTKC8/Photo-92-of-100.jpg
             | 
             | Probably shot on Kodak Gold 100 color negative with a Nikon
             | FE2. Gosh I suddenly miss the smell of film.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I got a few PhotoCDs made when I first got a CD drive for
               | my computer. PhotoCDs probably came from a place where
               | the TV was a central fixture in many households and it
               | probably seemed like a logical extension to how many
               | people would have slideshows of their holiday slides. I
               | think there was a certain baked-in assumption by Kodak
               | and others that the digitization of photography would
               | still look a lot like how photographs were taken and
               | shared in the film world.
        
               | js2 wrote:
               | > How many people would have slideshows of their holiday
               | slides.
               | 
               | I have suffered through more than my fair share of those.
               | 
               | > I think there was a certain baked-in assumption by
               | Kodak and others that the digitization of photography
               | would still look a lot like how photographs were taken
               | and shared in the film world.
               | 
               | I don't have any hard numbers, but at my dad's shop we
               | probably sold and developed 95%+ negatives vs slides. We
               | did so little E6 (much less Kodachrome) that we didn't
               | even bother with it in-house. Most photos were shot on
               | negative and shared as prints, not shot on slide and
               | shared as slide shows. So if PhotoCD was supposed to take
               | the place of a slide projector, it was already a losing
               | proposition.
               | 
               | To this day, I have my favorite digital photos printed,
               | as do my family members. There's something more intimate
               | about passing around a photo album than sitting in front
               | of a display.
               | 
               | I think PhotoCD was one of those things that was too
               | early since there wasn't demand for sharing digitally
               | yet, and then too late once digital cameras came out and
               | made digitizing film unnecessary.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Slides were definitely for more serious photographers
               | many of whom mail ordered film and sent it off to Kodak
               | or someone else for processing--though I'm sure it was
               | still a distinct minority of film sold. One of my rituals
               | when taking a vacation where I'd be doing a lot of
               | photography was to place an order with B&H (via phone)
               | for 20 or however many rolls of Ektachrome and
               | Kodachrome.
               | 
               | I actually wrote an article for CNET when Kodachrome
               | processing was eventually shut down.
               | https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/countdown-to-
               | kodachr...
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | I was under the impression that Kodak more or less invented
           | the digital camera and then sat on it. Digital cameras never
           | offered the kind of recurring revenue of film, paper, and
           | chemistry and really only had about a decade as a consumer
           | product before phones replaced them as far as I can tell.
           | It's hard to imagine Kodak ever really making it through
           | that.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Yeah. Imagine Kodak came out with a good mass market
             | digital camera as soon as it was feasible to do so--so
             | sometime in the late 90s. There's no particular reason they
             | could have accelerated the development compared to all the
             | other companies designing digital cameras. And as you say,
             | it was only about 10 years until the smartphone came out.
             | Beating Nikon and Canon at their own came would have been a
             | big change in strategy and they've been shrinking in any
             | case.
        
             | shuntress wrote:
             | It's certainly easy to say what they could or should have
             | done with hindsight. But I think most people would agree
             | that Kodak was in a strong position entering the digital
             | revolution. Instead of ending up with a piece of the pie
             | they are left basically just producing a niche luxury
             | product and licensing out their brand name for white-
             | labeled garbage.
        
       | yuppiepuppie wrote:
       | Holy cow! That article was unreadable on mobile with all the ads.
        
         | intrasight wrote:
         | I read HN comments before reading articles. So I got an extra
         | good laugh when I read that article!
        
         | riffic wrote:
         | use "reader" mode if it exists in your mobile browser.
        
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