[HN Gopher] Learn Exponentially
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Learn Exponentially
        
       Author : p-christ
       Score  : 164 points
       Date   : 2022-10-09 12:53 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (saveall.ai)
 (TXT) w3m dump (saveall.ai)
        
       | NoraCodes wrote:
       | This is a neat argument for spaced repetition, which I think is a
       | great idea and generally works very well. That said, though, I
       | don't think it's a good idea to conflate knowledge with
       | intelligence in this context; knowledge is concrete and
       | measurable, while intelligence is, at best, nebulous and
       | difficult to measure.
       | 
       | Knowing things is really important, but I don't think learning
       | makes you "smart"; it just makes you know more things.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Spaced repetition turns reading into a physical activity with
       | feedback. If you had an activity that required the knowledge you
       | were hoping to acquire, you would learn at the same rate or
       | faster by practice. Most lessons are encoded really poorly. I
       | think spaced repetition is great, but practice at something is
       | better.
       | 
       | A hacker is just someone who has practiced learning independently
       | and has become exceptionally good at it. The reason people say
       | you can't teach the hacker mindset is because without the
       | underlying drive, there's nothing you can tell anyone. It's like
       | when teachers who lament students don't care what they say so
       | long as they get the right grade, it's because those students are
       | optimizing for approval in a system because that's sufficent for
       | their limited purposes. The more you profess to them, the more
       | you reinforce that learning is passive submission to authority.
       | If you want to make hackers, start with necessity, and technique
       | will emerge as the artifact of navigating constraints. If you
       | want to make people smart, challenge them instead of just telling
       | them things. Hackers aren't defined by knowing more, they're
       | defined by having physically done more. Spaced repetition as it's
       | usually presented optimizes for outcomes in an approval
       | environment that produces people who have been rewarded for
       | cheating themselves out of knowledge and expereince.
       | 
       | I would say, want to learn physics? Build mechanisms or make
       | radios. Number theory? Break cryptosystems. Astronomy and
       | geometry? Sail at night. Lead? Ride horses. Fluid dynamics? Tune
       | engines. Statistics? Write a spam filter. Speak a language? Tell
       | their jokes, etc. Imo, most education is set around meaningless
       | but scalable exercises of professed skills instead of meaningful
       | exercises that are more powerful, but don't scale. We've
       | optimized for scale at the expense of quality. It's the solution
       | to an inferior problem.
       | 
       | So sure, learn spaced repetition, but really, find something and
       | practice it for more joy and better results instead.
        
         | teddyh wrote:
         | " _One will weave the canvas; another will fell a tree by the
         | light of his ax. Yet another will forge nails, and there will
         | be others who observe the stars to learn how to navigate. And
         | yet all will be as one. Building a boat isn't about weaving
         | canvas, forging nails, or reading the sky. It's about giving a
         | shared taste for the sea, by the light of which you will see
         | nothing contradictory but rather a community of love._ "
         | 
         | -- Antoine de Saint-Exupery, _Citadelle_ , 1948
        
         | CuriouslyC wrote:
         | So much this. People learn so much better when that knowledge
         | is functionally applied as part of a goal they want to achieve,
         | and that also teaches people to be doers who can follow through
         | with a project. Too bad it take more teacher skill and student
         | freedom, and it's not good for producing factory drones.
        
           | DrewADesign wrote:
           | Yeah. I've tried to learn a few programming languages without
           | having a project and it _just. doesn 't. stick._
           | 
           |  _Ever._
           | 
           | Even reading a great O'Reilly book being sure to complete and
           | understand the examples isn't enough. Without that immediate
           | practical application, it's no more educational than any
           | other form of entertainment, and much drier.
        
         | Version467 wrote:
         | I've integrated spaced repetition quite effectively into my
         | daily life and I've found that it's incredibly important to
         | learn how to write good prompts.
         | 
         | The naive approach definitely leads to rote learning of factual
         | trivia, but proper prompts can definitely foster curiosity and
         | understanding. In fact it's often times the process of creating
         | new prompts that reveal a gap in my understanding.
         | 
         | This Article from Andy Matuschak is a very thorough
         | introduction to the art of prompt writing:
         | https://andymatuschak.org/prompts/
         | 
         | Of course it doesn't mean that practical experience is
         | obsolete, quite the opposite. But spaced repetition works great
         | in conjunction with practice. I'd go so far that it's more
         | effective to do both, than just practical experience.
        
         | rbarragan wrote:
         | I totally agree with you here. It's personally my best type of
         | learning. The only downside of this approach is the cost. It
         | takes a lot of time compared to other types of learnings,
         | including reading + spaced repetition explained in the article.
         | 
         | Do you have thoughts on the cost or how to optimize that type
         | of learning?
        
           | CuriouslyC wrote:
           | This stuff could be picked up in internships and
           | apprenticeships, though in a lot of cases the state of the
           | art is quite far beyond that, so you'd need to join a
           | hobbyist club to really get that sort of experience.
           | Hacker/maker spaces often have outreach events, and builder
           | fairs are good for reaching out as well.
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | For sure it's also good to practice things aswell, it doesn't
         | have to be only one or the other. My understanding and
         | experience is that if you do 95% practice & 5% spaced
         | repetition you will be significantly better over the long-term
         | than doing 100% practice.
        
         | bibanez wrote:
         | This is a good way to think about the subject. Still, education
         | at a higher level like uni is often good to get a sound
         | understanding of a subject (more so than optimizing for
         | grades).
         | 
         | Also learning a new (natural) language sometimes requires
         | hammering words or gramatic rules into memory, and having a
         | good teacher can be much faster than learning on your own by
         | reading texts.
        
           | ianbutler wrote:
           | As a counter point to this, anecdotally though it may be,
           | I've never seen anyone come out of a Comp Sci program (and
           | I've seen a lot now) who was ready to go as an engineer
           | (sound understanding as you put it) unless they had
           | significant practical experience through projects of their
           | own or internships.
           | 
           | In general:
           | 
           | A priori knowledge only gets you to the starting line.
           | Experience carries the rest. And you can only get that
           | experience by doing yourself, not second hand.
        
           | c7b wrote:
           | In the context of software development, sound understanding
           | as you'd expect from a uni arguably includes CS concepts like
           | algorithms and data structures. I find that there is a bit of
           | a memorization aspect to simply knowing a lot of those and
           | their properties, advantages, ... It seems like a pretty good
           | application area for SRS to me, really wishing I'd heard
           | about it sooner.
        
       | cdiamand wrote:
       | This assumes that the human mind can continue to expand and hold
       | increasing amounts of information, right?
       | 
       | Is that something that we know for sure?
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | Yep! Our long-term memories can store almost the entire
         | internet as it was in 2016 inside it!
         | 
         | See here for a reference for that:
         | https://www.livescience.com/53751-brain-could-store-internet...
         | 
         | Or this article we wrote also talks about it:
         | https://saveall.ai/blog/learning-is-remembering
        
           | p-christ wrote:
           | So there is a theroetical point at which your brain will get
           | "full" but it would take so much knowledge to do that that
           | it's basically impossible.
        
       | pkilgore wrote:
       | Anyone else feel like they just read a bunch of assumptions with
       | no support followed by a chart "proving" an exponential equation
       | grows faster than a linear one?
       | 
       | What the heck am I supposed to take away from this?
       | 
       | This is a half ass theory, not evidence.
       | 
       | Where's a shred of evidence, on the time scales here, these
       | "units of information" are retained (under either method). Are
       | they even relevant compared to a _skill_ like reading that
       | enables quicker information ingestion across an entire life o and
       | is applicable across a wider range of problems than _individual
       | information units you read_??
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | What bit do you doubt?
         | 
         | The core concept that spaced repetition increases rapidly in
         | effectiveness over time is called the Spacing Effect. There are
         | many many studies that have investigated and proved it
        
           | pkilgore wrote:
           | "Proved" is not a word used in any physiological research
           | I've ever been familiar with, at least not with paragraph, if
           | not pages of qualification. Would you please link me to this
           | proof?
        
             | p-christ wrote:
             | Agree, I shouldn't have used the word "proved". But there
             | is a lot of robust evidence for it going back to the 1800s.
             | Many of the studies are linked to on the wikipedia page
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacing_effect
        
           | pkilgore wrote:
           | > It takes you years to get twice as effective at reading
           | 
           | Evidence? What's the evidence this is a linear growth
           | process? How many years? At what age? What populations? There
           | is no rigor here at all.
        
         | fedeb95 wrote:
         | Starting from smokey definitions such as "potential", and that
         | learning equals memorising.
        
       | zacharybk wrote:
       | Is anyone aware of a commercialized app that enables team
       | learning through spaced reputation? Say for a support team
       | learning a new process or skill where the learning can be heavily
       | curated?
       | 
       | Thanks in advance.
        
       | otras wrote:
       | I'm glad this post looks at how we can get better at learning --
       | it's an interesting area, and I think that meta "how does my
       | brain work" is important to understand as part of the process.
       | 
       | I did want to give some feedback, though. I think this post
       | suffers from too much hand-waving, which is what plagues most
       | other posts about learning and spaced repetition (excluding
       | probably just Gwern). For example, it compares flash cards and
       | reading to just reading, citing the results of the study as a
       | negative:
       | 
       | > _This is however a very slow process. One study implies that in
       | the best case it takes adults 10 years of reading 1 hour a day to
       | get twice as effective at reading. Even if this is technically
       | learning exponentially, the improvement rate is so slow that the
       | process is indistinguishable from a linear one._
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | > _We said in the best case it takes adults 10 years to get twice
       | as effective reading. With spaced repetition it takes only days
       | for your time to get twice as effective. These growth rates are
       | completely different._
       | 
       | Maybe the rate of change of effectiveness of the reading is slow,
       | but does that matter if you're accumulating knowledge from all of
       | that reading, especially as it builds off of prior knowledge? I
       | also don't think it's a 1:1 comparison to contrast these. It only
       | takes days to get twice as effective at reading with spaced
       | repetition? Or at learning? If it's the latter, I don't think
       | that's what the earlier study measured?
       | 
       | The other thing that jumped out at me is the huge focus on spaced
       | repetition and memory for learning, which are absolutely helpful,
       | but there seems to be a lack of what constitutes memorizing
       | versus understanding (and I'm not sure I see that in the
       | _Learning is Remembering_ post either). I think about other ways
       | to build your understanding, like working through problems and
       | applying the knowledge, that are key to learning. Much of
       | learning physics is getting your hands dirty in the equations,
       | and there 's a big difference between knowing a formula and
       | really understanding it in action.
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | > It only takes days to get twice as effective at reading with
         | spaced repetition? Or at learning? If it's the latter, I don't
         | think that's what the earlier study measured?
         | 
         | It only takes days for spaced repetition to get twice as
         | effective, not reading. It takes you years to get twice as
         | effective at reading.
         | 
         | > I think about other ways to build your understanding, like
         | working through problems and applying the knowledge, that are
         | key to learning. Much of learning physics is getting your hands
         | dirty in the equations, and there's a big difference between
         | knowing a formula and really understanding it in action.
         | 
         | I agree, you should definitely work through problems and apply
         | your knowledge. The post is arguing that you should do that AND
         | spend a little bit of time doing spaced repetition, not to only
         | do spaced repetition and nothing else.
        
       | vmoore wrote:
       | The application of learned concepts is what separates the
       | brilliant from the average. If the application is simply dumping
       | your learned concepts onto paper for the purpose of a test, and
       | then forgetting it all three weeks later then you have missed the
       | point of learning. If you apply learned concepts in the real
       | world and also apply the best ideas throughout your life, you
       | have succeeded in ways many people don't succeed.
        
       | b3nji wrote:
       | I'm confused, when they say a reminder, what do they mean? Also,
       | when they used books as an example, do they mean read the same
       | thing 2 days later?
       | 
       | It would be great if someone could provide an example to an old
       | dummy like me.
        
         | biophysboy wrote:
         | They are referring to "spaced repetition", which is just a
         | method to maximize long-term retention. If you are asked about
         | a concept one day from now, and you successfully recall it,
         | then you are reminded two days from now, and so on.
        
           | b3nji wrote:
           | Thanks, so essentially you set a reminder for you ti sit, and
           | remember what you learned a few days prior?
        
             | biophysboy wrote:
             | Basically yes. The exact time isn't so important, as long
             | as the rough interval increases with each success and
             | decreases with each failure.
        
               | b3nji wrote:
               | Brill, thanks for the explanation.
        
             | p-christ wrote:
             | Yeah. There is software that organises the reminders for
             | you aswell e.g. my company Save All does this
             | https://saveall.ai/
        
               | b3nji wrote:
               | Excellent, thank you.
        
       | p-christ wrote:
       | We wrote this at Save All (https://saveall.ai/) and want to know
       | what you think - tell us why it's wrong / right
        
         | carapace wrote:
         | It's a good piece, and excellent as far as it goes. You should
         | investigate hypnosis. E.g. you can just remember things, w/o
         | spaced repetition or anything, just transfer a piece of
         | knowledge directly to long-term memory immediately. The tricky
         | part is second-order effects. Once you move naturally-autonomic
         | subsystems into voluntary control you now have responsibility
         | for them. The result is a kind of change-of-being learning as
         | contrasted with accumulation-of-facts learning.
        
           | p-christ wrote:
           | Very interesting, how would i learn about something like
           | that? Is there a resource you'd recommend?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | p-christ wrote:
       | Summary of article:
       | 
       | The effectiveness of spaced repetition scales exponentially and
       | much faster than other learning methods. So use spaced repetition
       | and you'll learn a lot faster in the long-run.
        
       | Trex_Egg wrote:
       | Gwern had also written a long essay describing the same[1].
       | 
       | [1]https://www.gwern.net/Spaced-repetition
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | thanks will check that out
        
       | dqpb wrote:
       | I really like the idea of exponential learning, and was
       | disappointed to see that this is just an ad for spaced
       | repetition.
       | 
       | My opinion is that true exponential learning depends on specific
       | content in a specific order.
       | 
       | What we need is the dependency tree of concepts. Does such a
       | thing exist? Curriculums are kind of a non-rigorous attempt at
       | this.
        
       | redelbee wrote:
       | I think a better title might be "Memorize Exponentially" because
       | that seems to be the true gist of the article.
       | 
       | There are undoubtedly many areas in which memorization is useful.
       | I tend to use memorization as a second-order tool, in the sense
       | that it is only useful to memorize once I've learned that
       | memorization would be necessary.
       | 
       | I memorize combinations to locks I unlock frequently. I memorize
       | names of items I sell in my shop so I don't have to look them up
       | over and over again.
       | 
       | In school I often memorized equations just long enough to get by.
       | The few that are still with me are not those I used most
       | frequently; they are the equations I understood at a visceral
       | level. Obviously this means I am more conversant in Newtonian
       | happenings than quantum concerns, so maybe there is a place for
       | memorization. Or perhaps I lack sufficient experience in the
       | quantum to really feel the laws that govern the smallest realms.
       | 
       | Either way the article paints a dull picture of learning. What of
       | the feeling in the minds and hands of those future carpenters
       | swinging their first hammer blows? What of the deep learning of
       | the pianist that happens only after the transition from the first
       | concerto as audience to the latest as featured virtuoso?
       | 
       | An exponential increase in the type of "learning" furthered by
       | spaced repetition might be useful to some. I still prefer the
       | linear road to understanding.
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | I understand what you mean but I think you underestimate how
         | critical memory is for all forms of learning (even creative
         | work/learning).
         | 
         | Our working memories have a capacity of 4. This means that we
         | basically can't understand something if it requires more than 4
         | pieces of New knowledge to understand. To understand more
         | complicated things we need to move some of the knowledge into
         | our long-term memories.
         | 
         | We wrote an article on this topic here that i'd love to know
         | what you think of
         | 
         | https://saveall.ai/blog/learning-is-remembering
        
           | vector_spaces wrote:
           | Someone took the time to read your article and give you their
           | critical impression, and you respond here essentially by
           | saying that they are wrong and that they should read another
           | article you wrote to correct their thinking.
           | 
           | This comes off as condescending and dismissive. It's a poor
           | way to treat people who have taken the time to engage with
           | your content, especially if engagement is what you want,
           | which appears to be the case given your other replies on this
           | topic.
           | 
           | Take the time to respond to them directly rather than
           | pointing them towards more content you've written, even if it
           | means repeating ideas you've written elsewhere.
           | 
           | This approach has a number of benefits:
           | 
           | 1. It has the effect of presenting what you've read elsewhere
           | inline (most readers won't click that link)
           | 
           | 2. It gives you an opportunity to revisit and refine your own
           | thinking, and
           | 
           | 3. It forces you to think carefully about the criticisms
           | levied
           | 
           | And most importantly, it reciprocates the effort they've put
           | into reading your post and responding to you so that you
           | don't come off like a jerk.
        
             | p-christ wrote:
             | Sorry, you're right. I was maybe too focused on being
             | efficient rather than polite. I'll edit my comment
        
           | hex9893628af wrote:
           | This is incorrect. Learning is doing. I know all about all
           | sorts of things. That doesn't mean I can do many of them.
        
           | betwixthewires wrote:
           | I read that article, and your introduction on learning
           | quantum mechanics is actually how I learned quantum
           | mechanics! Or at least, about the known quantum particles in
           | the standard model and their properties and behavior.
           | 
           | This is how I learn basically everything. That and practical
           | application, so I'd learn cooking by cooking but I'd learn
           | about information theory by just reading for hours at a time
           | and falling down one hole after another. All this makes me
           | wonder, where do you get the "you have 4 working memory
           | slots" thing from? And how would you actually go about
           | forcing things into long term memory?
        
       | aintmeit wrote:
       | Hey, your username reminds me of the statistical measure called
       | _p-value_. I hope Save All will help people beat the odds and
       | cast off the shackles of the power law as it 's applied to the
       | act of learning.
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | lol thanks!
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | what did you think of the article?
        
           | aintmeit wrote:
           | A+
        
       | swyx wrote:
       | its not just note taking + spaced repetition - you can also
       | change your slope greatly by learning in public and learning with
       | peers.
       | 
       | ive done a lot of thinking on this area and have mocked up a "Big
       | L" notation for learning curves - shameless plug:
       | https://www.swyx.io/big-l-notation
        
       | Buttons840 wrote:
       | There are a few e-ink note taking devices. They pride themselves
       | on feeling like paper, but they're far more expensive than a
       | notebook and offer trade-offs rather than clear advantages.
       | 
       | For example, is using a text search on an e-ink device better
       | than knowing "I wrote this down in the first 1/3rd of the
       | notebook on the page with a coffee stain". Maybe? Maybe not. It's
       | a trade-off. A physical notebook and an e-notebook both offer
       | different ways of indexing, searching, and remembering where
       | things are. One is not clearly superior to the other in this
       | respect.
       | 
       | These e-ink devices have left a clear advantage they could claim
       | unrealized.
       | 
       | I want an e-ink notepad where I can turn my notes into spaced
       | repetition. I want to take hand written notes, proven to improve
       | memory, and then I want to blot out portions of the page and have
       | those blotted out portions be presented to me by a spaced
       | repetition algorithm to help me remember my own hand written
       | notes.
       | 
       | I'd pay a lot for such a dedicated device. Getting hand written
       | notes and images into Anki or other spaced repetition programs
       | sucks. I'd love to just be able to write or draw, with my own
       | hand, and easily integrate with a spaced repetition algorithm.
       | This is valuable enough that I'd happily use a dedicated device
       | just for this purpose.
        
       | nyxtom wrote:
       | Another method I have used in the past is to rewatch content I
       | used to learn a subject at 3-4x speed. A lot of high quality
       | content that spans multiple days can be viewed in only a few
       | hours this way. The key I've learned with this is to do this
       | across variations of the content you wish to learn and re-learn.
       | Combine this with audio books at similar speeds and you can
       | really get through content very quickly.
       | 
       | When using this method if you are learning something for the
       | first time or you come across something that peaks your interest,
       | an exercise or question, pause and take notes, implement the
       | solution in multiple variations, then continue the video/audio.
        
         | belkarx wrote:
         | What speed do you use the first time around?
        
           | nyxtom wrote:
           | Depends on the content I'm looking at and if there is a lot
           | of terminology that I'm unfamiliar with. If I find that I am
           | pausing quite often to take notes then I just slow it down to
           | 1.5x.
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | How do you get videos to 3-4x speed? I find most video players
         | only allow up to 2x speed?
        
           | nyxtom wrote:
           | I've had to use some browser extensions for 3-4x speeds.
           | Anything that is HTML5 enabled video will be supported by it.
           | Unfortunately I don't have a solution for anything on the
           | phone :/
           | 
           | The one I use for desktop is
           | https://github.com/codebicycle/videospeed
        
       | keeptrying wrote:
       | This article is about memorizing more effectively not learning.
       | 
       | To learn, you need to act and have the world give you feedback.
       | 
       | If you're starting a company, you need to create something and
       | get feedback on its value and iterate.
        
       | SnowHill9902 wrote:
       | I apologize in advance to the author but this is pretty dumb.
       | Learning is not remembering all the words in a dictionary or all
       | entries in an encyclopedia. You learn exponentially by layering
       | concepts and ideas, one more complex than the previous one, on
       | top of each other. You advance by understanding more deeply what
       | you read and actually think for yourself. Wise men recommend to
       | learn for 1/3 of the time, think for 1/3 and apply your knowledge
       | to the real world for 1/3. You advance by learning from more
       | advanced masters and more advanced books on the same topic.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ac130kz wrote:
       | Memorization and repetition are not learning or knowledge, these
       | are just important tools for learning. I believe that learning is
       | a sort of compression algorithm. You pass some data through your
       | brain and you try to compress it down to an exponentially smaller
       | subset, from which you should be able to recreate the rest. The
       | way you compress, the selection process and the quality of data,
       | that's learning. The way you decompress, that's knowledge.
        
       | woojoo666 wrote:
       | Title is misleading. This isn't learning exponentially. Anybody
       | who has used a spaced repetition app (like Anki) knows that you
       | generally learn around the same number of words every day. You're
       | not going to be learning 10 words in a day and then one week
       | later, learn 1000 words in a day.
       | 
       | This article talks about how the reps needed to learn _one_ piece
       | of information, reduces exponentially over time. You might need 1
       | rep per day at the beginning, but only 1 rep per 100 days after a
       | month. This basically means that if you have a lifespan of 100
       | years, spaced repetition means you only need around 10-20 reps to
       | remember each piece of knowledge for the rest of your life.
       | 
       | But learning N items will still take 10*N reps. It scales
       | linearly. A far cry from exponential
        
       | anon2020dot00 wrote:
       | My idea is that there is a market for community-curated spaced
       | repetition decks. Many people want to learn the same things such
       | as a foreign language or a programming language.
       | 
       | The difficult part is creating a deck and crafting the answers
       | and questions. Because usually this is a time-consuming process.
       | So if it was a community-effort then it would be a win-win.
       | 
       | This is probably not an original idea and if anyone knows already
       | where to find such decks, that would be cool.
        
         | allenu wrote:
         | > This is probably not an original idea and if anyone knows
         | already where to find such decks, that would be cool.
         | 
         | This is something I've wanted to do with my app (Fresh Cards).
         | I ended up defining a simple text file format for the
         | flashcards[1] to help make it easier to share and import cards.
         | You could post flashcards as simple text that someone could
         | drag and drop into the app to import. (Formats like Anki's
         | .apkg file are great, but they don't make it easy to peruse the
         | cards without importing into Anki.)
         | 
         | What's missing in all of this, though, is an actual community
         | where you could search and browse the decks and collaborate to
         | create new ones. Though, if you simply use text files, you
         | could host a deck on github, for instance, and allow people to
         | create pull requests to improve it. I think there's room for
         | creating nicer user experiences to surface decks and encourage
         | sharing, however. (Imagine, for instance, a social media-like
         | feed where you could see new flashcards being created and you
         | could search by tag for your target language.) Anyway, I think
         | this area is ripe for exploration, but the user experience has
         | to be done right to encourage collaboration and sharing of
         | decks.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.freshcardsapp.com/help/tech/index.html#text
        
         | CubsFan1060 wrote:
         | Is this what you are looking for?
         | https://ankiweb.net/shared/decks/
        
           | p-christ wrote:
           | I find the Anki shared decks are basically not high quality
           | enough. Do you ever use them? Which ones do you use?
        
             | chatterhead wrote:
             | Anki is great; the problem really is the inability for
             | people to use it on their phone (without paying) and
             | properly build and maintain decks.
             | 
             | Would very much like a version control system for Anki
             | decks so updating cards can be done by the community and
             | transparently. This would allow people to validate and
             | properly maintain decks that change with time (like
             | programming languages / regulatory requirements / operating
             | standards etc).
        
         | pastram_i wrote:
         | Is anki the solution you imagine? https://apps.ankiweb.net/ Or
         | is there a use case that anki doesn't solve?
        
           | p-christ wrote:
           | Anki public decks are usually too low quality to be useful
           | unfortunately
        
             | schainks wrote:
             | They are hit or miss, depending what you're trying to do.
        
             | Qualadore wrote:
             | They're a lot better than Save All's builtin decks, such as
             | only including 1,000 of the most frequent words of a
             | language, and only nouns, and not even including the word's
             | gender.
             | 
             | Rarely with these SRS services do you see actual high-
             | quality decks that outdo public Anki decks, which is a
             | shame because it would be a great way to add value.
        
               | detuneattune wrote:
               | Instead of there being competing spaced repetition
               | programs and services, I'd much rather companies just go
               | down the route of making well-curated, frequently
               | updating Anki decks and putting them behind a paywall
               | instead.
               | 
               | Refold, a company focused on language learning, does
               | exactly this [0], and having tried their JP1K deck for
               | Japanese for a while, I can say without any hesitation
               | that it was shocking just how high quality everything
               | was.
               | 
               | It had the full works: Japanese audio, kanji, furigana,
               | multiple definitions, a custom background, etc. And I
               | wouldn't be surprised if there were even more changes
               | since the last time I tried it.
               | 
               | I recall there being something similar to this for
               | medical programs, but overall I'd say that this approach
               | sadly isn't something that a lot of people are focusing
               | on.
               | 
               | [0] https://refold.la/decks
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | Fluent Forever started with this approach:
               | https://fluent-forever.com/shop
        
             | pastram_i wrote:
             | I don't disagree, but from their reply the request is
             | community based. And any community based product is just a
             | good as... well, their community.
             | 
             | So how would a different community tool provide better
             | content? What tactics could be used to increase quality?
        
               | p-christ wrote:
               | (1) We are going to incentivise high quality decks by
               | allowing people to sell access to their decks
               | 
               | (2) The main problem we see with Anki public decks is
               | that the user themselves decides whether they got the
               | question "right" or not when reviewing the cards. This
               | lack of a "teacher" means that it is very very difficult
               | to learn using someone else's cards.
               | 
               | You basically end up kind of getting something wrong but
               | then saying it was right anyway. Do that a few times and
               | your trust & investment in the process goes and you'll
               | eventually you lose motivation to carry on with the deck.
               | 
               | Save All decks are different. WE decide whether you got
               | it right or not, not you. This makes it much easier for
               | you to learn using someone else's decks
        
               | allenu wrote:
               | See my other comment, but I wonder if someone could
               | coordinate an open source deck using github. It would
               | have to use a text-based flashcard deck format, and as
               | with other open source, would require some coordination
               | to curate the deck.
               | 
               | That said, I can see some negatives as I have read that
               | for learning, it's generally better to construct your own
               | flashcards.
        
         | belkarx wrote:
         | Another idea: decent, effective decks of cards exist for other
         | platforms like Quizlet - just figure out how to convert them
         | (there are apparently some extensions that do this as of now)
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | I completely agree. We've started building that on Save All and
         | will be going more in that direction in future.
         | 
         | The Anki public decks are usually too low quality to be useful
         | unfortunately
        
         | biophysboy wrote:
         | I've been using spaced repetition software (Anki) to learn
         | Japanese. Community decks are really powerful for the basics,
         | but personal decks are unavoidable later on.
         | 
         | For language learning, there are flash card generators that
         | make this a simple one-click process. I think these strike the
         | right balance of simplicity & flexibility/personalization. Of
         | course, a tool like this relies on a free database that you can
         | map concepts onto. But I could see this sort of working with
         | wikipedia or some documentation.
        
         | visarga wrote:
         | You might get more value from cards you write yourself. You
         | should do that when you encounter the information.
        
         | segh wrote:
         | https://quantum.country/ teaches quantum computing as essays
         | with embedded flashcards, as a new "mnemonic medium". I wonder
         | if there is a market for context plus flashcards. What if books
         | came with their own spaced repetition decks?
        
       | kzrdude wrote:
       | Even just the idea of incremental improvements needs spreading
       | more. For some reason I needed to hear it and it was not
       | intuitive to me. (Maybe because I was a quick learner and always
       | picked up stuff fast.)
       | 
       | Get started, practice often, that's the only way to have
       | compounding gains at many activities. Music, hobbies, working
       | with your hands, etc.
       | 
       | The long perspective is very helpful. Don't worry about improving
       | today, but about the long trajectory.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | codazoda wrote:
       | I sometime use a process of capturing stray thoughts, which I do
       | on paper. I've considered making an app for it and I had
       | considered showing things back to myself at random intervals. I
       | wonder if I could use this idea to capture things I've learned
       | and repeat them back to me at the intervals presented here. It
       | would probably be easy to do and might be an interesting test to
       | see if the schedule benefits me remembering things I learn.
       | 
       | I even created a little web page for the app, but I've mostly
       | abandoned the idea due to a lack of interest.
       | 
       | https://stray.joeldare.com
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | This seems like what a spaced repetition app does, is there a
         | difference?
         | 
         | For example lots of people use Save All for this exact reason
         | https://saveall.ai/
        
           | AlchemistCamp wrote:
           | And orders of magnitude more use Anki:
           | https://apps.ankiweb.net/
           | 
           | I've been seeing HN submissions of various quality to extoll
           | the virtues of SRS in an attempt to sell Anki clones or Anki
           | for X for almost 15 years now.
        
             | p-christ wrote:
             | Haha, where would you rank this one in terms of quality?
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | To be perfectly honest, I flagged it because of the
               | knowledge gained graph. It's a wild extrapolation.
               | 
               | For context, I was a big fan of SRS and even contributed
               | to Anki back in the day! I was really into foreign
               | language learning, had majored in one language and was
               | learning another language in a separate language family.
               | 
               | I built, ran and put my heart into brick and mortar
               | language immersion school for years. Over time, I
               | realized both from my learning experiences and those of
               | my students that SRS fell far short of extensive reading.
               | 
               | It's tempting to break things down to "units of
               | information", as you put it your assumptions document.
               | SRS is great for decontextualized information (e.g.,
               | memorizing all the capital cities in the world), but
               | that's not really how language works or how the brain
               | works for most learning tasks. There are higher-level
               | things your brain picks up, such as collocations, grammar
               | and shared cultural beliefs.
               | 
               | Over the short term, SRS can be useful for building a
               | scaffold to work from, but over the long term, Extensive
               | Reading crushes it on pretty much every metric, including
               | raw size of passive and active vocabulary.
        
               | rsanek wrote:
               | Extensive reading sounds compelling. Do you have
               | recommendations for services that offer such content? In
               | my own language learning, I have found a few websites
               | here and there (eg Hola Que Pasa [1]), but nothing that
               | has a large database with varying levels of competence.
               | 
               | [1] https://holaquepasa.com/
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | I'd recommend avoiding "services" and going for books,
               | starting with graded readers. There's a wealth of options
               | for Spanish learners.
               | 
               | If you absolutely hate books and want an online resource,
               | then I'd suggest https://www.lingq.com. It has a lot of
               | free content and lets you import your own. Their
               | tech/design chops are meh, but it's run by true language
               | learning enthusiasts and the founder dogfooded it for at
               | least half a dozen languages.
        
               | copperx wrote:
               | Is Extensive Reading just that? Reading a lot in general?
               | Or is it reading a lot on the specific subject that you
               | want to learn, taking all possible branches?
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | It's about both the volume and the type of reading. See
               | the 2nd page of this paper, under "What is extensive
               | reading?": https://www.researchgate.net/publication/33453
               | 5447_Extensive...
        
       | fedeb95 wrote:
       | IF
       | 
       | Learn slow and you won't reach your potential. Learn fast and you
       | might. Learn exponentially and you'll achieve more than anyone
       | thought you could.
       | 
       | THEN
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | Else, we don't know.
        
       | Silverback_VII wrote:
       | Still waiting for the incremental reading app like the one in
       | supermemo 18... I'm more than willing to pay for it!
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | what's that?
        
           | Silverback_VII wrote:
           | 5min video explaining it: https://youtu.be/DoQoeK53bP8
           | 
           | or: https://www.supermemo.com/de/archives1990-2015/help/read
        
       | cobachon wrote:
       | I've paid for Anki on iOS and have gone as far as exporting
       | flashcards from Emacs/org-mode which I keep in version control. I
       | normally use it for specific information like runtimes of
       | algorithms for interviews, rule of thumb numbers for doing
       | estimations, etc. I also can imagine how medicine students use
       | flashcards for remembering dozens of muscle or bone names.
       | 
       | However, I'd be very interested in learning how people use SRS
       | for remembering information they read on books/articles. Do you
       | state new concepts as Q/A? Do you save interesting facts, or
       | things you think might be useful in the future?
       | 
       | I think this second type of information is not well suited for
       | flashcards. The article seems to imply it is, though, and I'd
       | love to be wrong about it.
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | I use it for both types yeah. I basically try not to ever
         | forget anything I hear that's useful.
         | 
         | On Save All you can create cards that are just statements, no
         | need to turn them into Q&A. So if I hear an interesting fact I
         | usually just dump it in quickly verbatim.
        
       | kwanele70 wrote:
        
         | p-christ wrote:
         | thanks lol
        
       | KaoruAoiShiho wrote:
       | I don't see how "reading" is anyone anyone on HN needs advice to
       | do, all people do nowadays is reading if reading is defined as
       | getting information from text on a screen. Using a computer is
       | basically entirely reading.
       | 
       | Edit: to the article's point spaced repetition to memorize domain
       | specific facts is useful but it's not exponential like reading
       | is.
        
       | Nuzzerino wrote:
       | For something allegedly this important, the author could have
       | invested more time into elaborating, providing more examples,
       | etc. I'm still skeptical, this is just another rando Medium rant
       | as far as I'm concerned.
        
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