[HN Gopher] Electric ferry uses a long extension cord [video]
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Electric ferry uses a long extension cord [video]
        
       Author : zdw
       Score  : 159 points
       Date   : 2022-11-15 16:42 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.youtube.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.youtube.com)
        
       | MichaelCollins wrote:
       | Did anybody else know this would be a Tom Scott video before
       | clicking it? He always finds the oddest most interesting things
       | to show off.
        
         | Aardwolf wrote:
         | Yes! I expected "this is going to be a Tom Scott video" before
         | clicking the link. He has a niche in interesting esoteric
         | infrastructure.
        
       | daneel_w wrote:
       | Sort of common in the nordics. We have lots of them in Sweden,
       | the self-service type for short crossings to sparsely populated
       | islands, but the power cable usually drives a winch attached to a
       | steel cable.
        
       | zwieback wrote:
       | We have 3 electrical ferries in Oregon crossing the Willamette
       | but they use 3 overhead wires to deliver 3phase AC. Works great
       | for short hops.
        
         | pinot wrote:
         | https://img.atlasobscura.com/dmMEj9y780YXqaTupI_kf8Iin74JjtD...
         | 
         | For example, the Canby ferry
        
       | todd3834 wrote:
       | This is pretty cool. I wonder what the effort would have been to
       | instead have a battery charging / swapping process on one end. It
       | would still be clean energy, charged on shore. I'm sure the
       | batteries wouldn't be super light but you could have them in
       | modules and you could engineer solutions for moving them.
       | 
       | Perhaps for situations where it isn't already cable guided this
       | is still a practical approach. I'm pretty ignorant when it comes
       | to the weight of the batteries and how much energy they can
       | provide + etc... but if my Tesla is any indicator it doesn't seem
       | too hard vs managing that cable back and forth
        
         | Thlom wrote:
         | Around a quarter of the ferry crossings in Norway are
         | electrified. Usually there's one or two electric ferries and
         | one diesel ferry. They charge while unloading and loading and
         | during the night when there's fewer crossings. Before they had
         | to take breaks during the day to charge, but now days I think
         | they run all day.
        
         | todd3834 wrote:
         | The batteries could even be attached cars themselves so moving
         | them on and off would be really simple
        
           | hawski wrote:
           | Or with a thicker cable they could charge cars while they
           | cross the channel.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chowells wrote:
         | Rechargeable batteries are not 100% efficient. I'd put good
         | odds on this system being cheaper.
        
         | bentcorner wrote:
         | The captain said they use 150-200kwh a day, which would be
         | around 2-3 EV batteries' worth (Model S has a 100kwh battery).
         | That's split up between 88 trips, so there's plenty of
         | opportunity to swap batteries.
         | 
         | So they could probably have some kind of battery system but I'm
         | guessing since it's already "tethered" with a line just to
         | cross, stringing an electrical cable was already easy to do and
         | has simpler logistics than managing batteries.
        
       | Epa095 wrote:
       | For those interested in this, there is also a quite large battery
       | powered ferry operating in Norway.
       | 
       | >The Basto Electric is 139.2-metre-long and 21-metre-wide and was
       | built by the Turkish Sefine Shipyard and has room for 600
       | passengers and 200 cars or 24 trucks.
       | 
       | >Basto Electric uses batteries with a capacity of 4.3 MWh. The
       | fast-charging system has a capacity of 9 MW.
       | 
       | https://www.electrive.com/2021/03/02/worlds-largest-electric...
        
         | Thlom wrote:
         | Around a quarter of all ferry connections in Norway have been
         | electrified. Often there's one electric and one regular diesel
         | ferry operating in tandem. Basto Electric is still the biggest
         | one though.
        
           | mstade wrote:
           | While not fully electric, there's also the Color Line ferry
           | operating between Sandefjord and Stromstad[0]. I happened it
           | be in town for its inaugural voyage and it turned out to be a
           | quaint little trip. As far as I understand it though, they
           | more or less only run on electric power when navigating out
           | of port, and back to diesel when at see and arriving.
           | Enjoyable trip nonetheless!
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.colorline.com/sandefjord-stroemstad/color-
           | hybrid
        
           | mywacaday wrote:
           | While Norway is to be admired I find it difficult to see
           | their experience as applicable to the rest of the world when
           | they have a 1.19 Trillion wealth fund which equates to over
           | 22 million per person in Norway.
        
             | throwayyy479087 wrote:
             | America invented the airplane then went to the moon. We
             | started every large tech company. We essentially created or
             | popularized everything that defines the modern era.
             | 
             | Excuses are why infrastructure and politics here sucks. We
             | should bully the federal government for their failure here,
             | just like Biden bullied LGA into renovating
        
             | transportgo wrote:
             | It's actually $220,000 pr person.
        
       | encoderer wrote:
       | Sort of off topic but the war in Ukraine has brought to my
       | attention that we actually fire missiles with giant miles-long
       | extension cords. Missiles. With extension cords.
        
         | sidewndr46 wrote:
         | I think those are just for control & telemetry. The actual
         | missile has a battery on it usually.
        
         | hnlmorg wrote:
         | Anyone got a source for this? I'd be interested to learn more
        
           | modeless wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire-guided_missile
           | 
           | I think the TOW missile is the most prominent example.
        
             | adwww wrote:
             | MILAN is very slightly older and probably just as widely
             | used - especially out of US.
        
           | nuccy wrote:
           | Those are wire-guided missiles, usually used to destroy tanks
           | and other armed vehicles. The length of the wire is just few
           | kilometers. The wire is needed to actually tell the rocket
           | where to steer [1].
           | 
           | More modern approach to anti-tank missiles are those with
           | lasers being used for highlighting the target [2], while the
           | missile has a battery and a camera to find the spot. The
           | other approach is to do on-the-fly image recognition [3].
           | 
           | Edit: interesting fact: DART space craft sent by NASA to hit
           | an asteroid used a missile derived technology to recognize
           | the image and steer itself into the target, since direct
           | control from Earth was not possible due to communication lag
           | [4] (also try googling "dart mission" to see google's doodle
           | on the topic).
           | 
           | 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wire-guided_missile
           | 
           | 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser-guided_bomb
           | 
           | 3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGM-148_Javelin
           | 
           | 4. https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-confirms-dart-
           | missio...
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | Wait, what? Why?
        
           | NwtnsMthd wrote:
           | - Can't be jammed
           | 
           | - Simple
           | 
           | - No radio frequency indication of an incoming missile.
           | 
           | There must be other reasons as well.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | I agree with the first and last point, but reliably
             | unrolling a 4km wire while going 500 kmh cannot be simple.
        
               | MarkMarine wrote:
               | They seem to work quite effectively, I've never seen a
               | TOW fail. Downside is you need to maintain visual
               | guidance of the missile through it's whole flight path.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | I'm envision that classic "look down and see a pile of
               | rope unspooling around your leg right before you
               | disappear out of frame" shtick.
        
               | supergeek wrote:
               | Anyone involved in RC aircraft will gladly tell you that
               | getting a stable radio link for video and control past
               | 4km is anything but simple.
               | 
               | Even a basic analog video signal is orders of magnitude
               | more data than what you'd be transmitting in a phone
               | call.
        
             | encoderer wrote:
             | Isn't it crazy how much effort we still spend as a race
             | trying to kill each other.
        
         | jedc wrote:
         | Also torpedos (for example, from submarines)
        
       | simon_000666 wrote:
       | Cool - another option could be beaming power to the ferry using
       | microwaves, millimeter waves or lasers. The power transfer
       | efficiency would be lower but saves the cable complexity and
       | slacking/maintenance.
        
         | MarkMarine wrote:
         | I think the losses on both sides of that invisible death ray
         | would be more complex than a long extension cord.
        
       | jguimont wrote:
       | For those mega cargo ships, why is civil nuclear power vessels
       | are not a thing? Seems they would massively reduce the footprint
       | while providing better clearner power.
        
         | coryrc wrote:
         | Because they don't pay for pollution.
        
         | Gwypaas wrote:
         | Because it's all about cost. Those 400m container ships are ran
         | by a low cost crew of 15-25 with some 3rd party maintenance
         | personnel sprinkled in. Try fitting a more expensive fuel and
         | more maintenance into that. On top of all safety concerns.
         | 
         | For ocean crossing vessels they are more closely looking at
         | e-fuels and hydrogen since that gives the same benefitd at
         | cheaper cost with not a too large change in the shore side
         | infrastructure.
        
         | Markoff wrote:
         | https://youtube.com/watch?v=cYj4F_cyiJI
        
         | mediaman wrote:
         | Servicing marine nuclear reactor units requires very special
         | skills and is expensive. So is the initial capital cost.
         | Servicing large marine diesel systems uses labor that is much
         | more available globally.
        
       | expazl wrote:
       | With this setup I wonder why even have the motor on the ship?
       | It's using an extension cord to get power to the ship so it can
       | pull on the wire guides, but you might as well just have put the
       | engine pulling the wire on the shore and have a "dumb" platform
       | in place of the boat.
        
         | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
         | The wire would need to be parallel to the water at just above
         | or below it and would always obstruct other traffic. This
         | arrangement allows the wire to fall onto the seabed so ships
         | can easily pass in front of and behind the ship, given
         | reasonable clearances.
        
         | TheRealPomax wrote:
         | You want the engine in a place where the people who need to
         | control it, or even kill it in an emergency, can feel what the
         | engine's doing, and have control over that engine.
        
       | willcipriano wrote:
       | If I was in Hollywood I'd call Tom Scott and give him whatever he
       | needs to make whatever he wants. Imagine something like a long
       | form road trip documentary, stopping in at interesting places and
       | doing interesting things but with the pull and budget of a studio
       | behind him.
        
         | DaiPlusPlus wrote:
         | > If I was in Hollywood...
         | 
         | Hollywood essentially destroys almost everything it touches:
         | the people that invest in film production insist on maximising
         | their RoI at the cost of petty things like artistic integrity,
         | historical accuracy, and such.
         | 
         | I enjoy independent video producers ("creators" is the term
         | now, I gather?) on YouTube (and Vimeo, etc) like Tom Scott
         | precisely because _it isn 't_ Hollywood.
        
         | yreg wrote:
         | What does he need the pull and budget of a studio for?
        
           | adamparsons wrote:
           | He has mentioned a few times now that he struggles with
           | developing ideas and script writing, and is essentially
           | bottlenecking his pipeline. I'd imagine a well picked writing
           | team that doesn't lose sight of what makes his content great
           | would be welcome, but also I don't doubt over the years he's
           | explored this at length already
        
           | willcipriano wrote:
           | My grandparents made a documentary years ago[0], they started
           | on their own and interviewed the family but once HBO got
           | involved in the project they were able to do things like get
           | into the courtroom for a parole hearing. Few people would
           | talk to them, but the same people would bend over backwards
           | for HBO.
           | 
           | [0]https://m.imdb.com/title/tt1024663/
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | There is a long line of very popular YouTube stars who have
         | tried to transition to making more "mainstream" entertainment
         | content (TV, movies) and have failed spectacularly. Large
         | YouTube channels have fine tuned all aspects of their
         | production to be surfaced by YouTube algorithms and consumed by
         | YouTube audiences. Making engaging content for Netflix/HBO or a
         | movie theater is a completely different problem.
        
           | MarcelOlsz wrote:
           | Just upload it on YouTube. Problem solved.
        
             | adamparsons wrote:
             | Yeah whenever I've seen a favourite creator put up an out-
             | of-place piece of long form content, it sometimes even gets
             | a calendar entry so I can give it my full attention later
        
       | dredmorbius wrote:
       | Electrified marine transport is an interesting challenge, though
       | there are a few options available.
       | 
       | Notably, canal and river traffic _can_ rely on electric traction
       | provided by onshore  "mules".
       | 
       |  _That_ terminology is borrowed from the original practice of
       | having mules haul barges along canals, _and_ reveals the immense
       | enhancement in efficiency of water-borne transport. A single mule
       | _might_ haul a cart weighing a tonne or so across level land (and
       | far less climbing any sort of grade). The same mule could haul a
       | barge on a flat and still canal carrying 20--40 tonnes of cargo
       | or passengers.
       | 
       | For passengers, the comfort of canal travel (no jostles, bumps,
       | or broken axles as with a coach) was an immense improvement. The
       | effect of the Erie Canal, a four-foot-deep (1.2 m) ditch from the
       | Hudson river to Lake Erie was immense in opening up the US
       | interior in 1825. Further, canals and their locks mean that the
       | work of lifting (or lowering) cargo is done by the "roadbed) (the
       | river) itself. In the case of the Erie Canal, 172m (565 ft) of
       | elevation gain in net.
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | > That terminology is borrowed from the original practice of
         | having mules haul barges along canals
         | 
         | The Panama Canal has mechanical mules, but they are only used
         | to keep ships on course, not to propel ships
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_Canal_locks#Mules)
         | 
         | Disadvantages of towing are that it requires a towpath
         | alongside the water, that overtaking is difficult, and that
         | making tight turns can be difficult (the puller always pulls
         | the ship closer to the canal or river shore, requiring the use
         | of the ship's rudder to keep it on track. In tight turns, the
         | pull direction is closer to orthogonal to the shore, requiring
         | more rudder)
         | 
         | Because of these, I think battery-powered ships with container-
         | sized batteries that can easily be swapped may be a better
         | solution.
        
         | joak wrote:
         | Small fusion generators.
         | 
         | TAE, helion energy and ZAP energy are 3 well founded companies
         | (combined $1B+) aiming at building ~50MW generators based on
         | non-tokamak fusion.
         | 
         | The generators are small enough to fit on a truck and could
         | easily power the biggest container ships.
        
           | dtgriscom wrote:
           | "are small enough" => "would be small enough"
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | If you've got the ability to build fusion generators, you've
           | got the ability to create carbon-neutral analogues of
           | existing fuels.
           | 
           | You've also got that ability _without_ nuclear inputs, from
           | conventional renewables (solar, wind, geothermal).
           | 
           | Those fuels can be far cleaner than bunker fuel, and a diesel
           | or kerosene analogue burning in a well-tuned ICE or turbine
           | would have limited negative effects. The marine-propulsion
           | pollutants of most significant concern, aside from (fossil)
           | CO2 are particulate, NOx, and SOx emissions.
           | 
           | All are far more prevalent with heavier fuels, and are
           | concentrated largely along shipping lanes far out to sea,
           | other than at ports. These tend to settle out / mitigate
           | reasonably quickly, and I believe their long-term ecological
           | impacts are fairly minimal.
           | 
           | The problems with nuclear marine propulsion are many, not the
           | least of which are the 100--200 shipwrecks logged every
           | decade or so, though you can add to that risks of piracy or
           | terrorism involving nuclear propulsion. Keep in mind that
           | present commercial fleets are on the order of _eight
           | thousand_ vessels. We 've had experience with only about four
           | _hundred_ nuclear-powered vessels, virtually all military
           | ships, of which about 170 are presently operational. The
           | exceptions are three demonstration commercial vessels, the
           | _Otto Hahn_ , _Savannah_ , and _Mutsu_ , all of which failed
           | to prove feasible, and a handful of Soviet-era icebreakers,
           | now operated by Russia.
           | 
           | Fusion itself remains both technically and economically
           | infeasable for any foreseeable future.
           | 
           | <https://old.reddit.com/r/dredmorbius/comments/3c52ll/shippin
           | ...>
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | This is the origin of the term towpath:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towpath
        
         | azepoi wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_boat_navigation
         | 
         | Not a new idea: Chevaux electriques, meaning "Electric horses"
         | (electric towpath tractors, halage=tow).
         | 
         | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treideln#/media/Datei:Courchel...
         | 
         | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treidellokomotive
         | 
         | http://ronfleur.centerblog.net/6408563-halage-des-peniches-p...
         | 
         | https://www.ronquieres.org/le-village-de-ronquieres/vieilles...
         | (last image bottom right)
         | 
         | http://www.traitsensavoie.fr/spip.php?article308
         | 
         | http://www.traitsensavoie.fr/IMG/jpg/cheval_electrique_bethu...
         | 
         | http://papidema.fr/traction_vn_extra.php#chevaux-elec
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | _Not a new idea..._
           | 
           | FWIW: I wasn't claiming that.
        
       | tpmx wrote:
       | I think this ferry between Helsingborg (Sweden) and Helsingor
       | (Denmark) does it in the coolest way. Since 2018 the ferry has
       | been running on batteries. Whenever it docks into any of the two
       | ports, an ABB robot connects the charging cable.
       | 
       | One real cool thing here is that they have gotten it to work for
       | 4 full years in a northern climate. That means a lot of extreme
       | weather edge cases.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/l93i87pZWhY?t=13
        
       | tjoff wrote:
       | When I clicked on this I thought, why not just have a cable-
       | guided ferry instead? (Which already is a common thing) I assumed
       | they'd have to make maneuvers not possible with a cable. But it
       | already is?!
       | 
       | Then why not just tug the cable instead, much better efficiency
       | then propellers.
       | 
       | Edit: ok, it is. Though what I've seen is that the motors are
       | pulled from shore rather than on the boat. Which seems simpler,
       | but this is maybe easier to retrofit.
        
       | distrill wrote:
       | I have to admit, it sounds a lot crazier before you learn that
       | there are already cables running along the channel that the boat
       | uses. This also means that this can't generalize outside of
       | channels that already have cabled crossings.
       | 
       | Given that constraint, I wonder about operating these ferries
       | more like a ski lift then. If we're already stringing cables
       | across the channel might it make more sense to keep them on shore
       | away from the water?
        
       | newpavlov wrote:
       | Why not simply pull the ferry using the steel cables? In other
       | words, put traction systems on both riversides and move the ferry
       | using them. It even should be more efficient than a propeller-
       | based propulsion system.
        
         | matsur wrote:
         | The ferry in the video uses cable based propulsion.
        
           | bbstats wrote:
           | This is why hn needs a downvote button LOL
        
             | javawizard wrote:
             | HN has one, it's just only accessible to those who have
             | reached a karma threshold (501 I believe).
        
           | javawizard wrote:
           | It pulls itself along the cables rather than using a
           | propeller, yes, but the motor that's doing the pulling is on
           | the ferry rather than on the shore.
           | 
           | To answer GP's question: I don't know, but given that this
           | was a retrofit of an existing diesel-powered ferry I could
           | guess that this was the cheaper way of doing it.
        
           | nippoo wrote:
           | Yes, but the propulsion is on the boat rather than at
           | shoreside like OP suggested (ie the cables are static)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | w-ll wrote:
         | So it doesnt have a cable spanning the river all the time.
        
           | newpavlov wrote:
           | But it does have two cables spanning the river all the time.
           | IIUC they get relaxed when ferry does not move and sink to
           | the bottom to allow other ships to pass.
        
       | clouddrover wrote:
       | They say the ferry uses 150-200 kWh a day. If those numbers are
       | right that wouldn't be a very big battery pack. The Hummer EV,
       | for example, has a 212 kWh usable pack:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ORKuZxrFr6A
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F9IUOR8lG3E
       | 
       | Still, it's a cabled ferry anyhow so also having a power cable
       | makes sense.
        
       | oh_sigh wrote:
       | Notably, this ferry is driven on a chain which crossed the
       | channel already.
       | 
       | I suspect they would have gone for batteries if the route wasn't
       | already anchored in
        
         | ok_dad wrote:
         | Yea, they only use 150-200 kWh per day, that's not a lot of
         | batteries to store on a large ship like that (it's like ~5-10
         | EVs worth of batteries maybe? not the whole car, just the
         | batteries!), even if you couldn't charge between sailings
         | (which you could). I think it was probably a cost thing, too,
         | as this system with a cable is probably way cheaper than
         | batteries.
         | 
         | edit: I was trying to reinforce here that, although this
         | application could easily have used batteries due to the low
         | energy needed per day, it didn't because there was a better
         | solution due to the pre-existing cable infrastructure.
         | Certainly this cable method isn't useful for most ferries, and
         | most ferries will be traveling further and faster and require
         | way more batteries.
        
           | karamanolev wrote:
           | They use so little because the use the (steel) cable for
           | traction (as I understand it) and not water. If they had to
           | use a propeller in the water to cross a river, the
           | consumption would be much more.
           | 
           | So in essence, there's symbiosis between electricity and
           | running a cable-guided ferry. Otherwise you'd need more
           | energy, therefore bigger batteries, etc.
        
             | rz2k wrote:
             | When he mentioned the steel cable, I wondered why they
             | don't use an arrangement more like cable cars. It sounded
             | like it is in case they break loose during a storm or
             | emergency, so it useful to have the engine on board along
             | with the back up generators.
             | 
             | Are the cables actually used for traction, or just a
             | countermeasure against having to fight the cross current?
        
               | ricksunny wrote:
               | I was also wondering this, you beat me to asking. If
               | there is precedent for two cables why not connect them to
               | make a long narrow loop of them like on a ski-lift; place
               | an electric-powered winch on one end and an idler on the
               | other?
               | 
               | Was neat to see the video, and I'm sure they have their
               | reasons.
        
               | matsemann wrote:
               | One reason may be that the cable sinks to the ground,
               | which makes it possible for other boats to cross. If it
               | was like a ski lift, the cable had to be more tensioned I
               | guess, thus obstructing?
        
               | ok_dad wrote:
               | Yea, they pull themselves along the cable. The commenter
               | above you was correct, it is way more efficient than
               | props, plus it's way more efficient for high currents
               | like this river. My comment was simply that they _could_
               | have used batteries, but for this particular application
               | a cable was perfect. I was reinforcing that this was a
               | great confluence of constraints that enabled this.
        
             | algo_trader wrote:
             | I really dont think so.
             | 
             | There are just crossing 500m at 2-3 knots several times a
             | day.
             | 
             | This is basically less than a semi rolling resistance which
             | is maybe 1/5kwh/km?
             | 
             | EDIT: even so, x10 batteries 2mwh are still very reasonable
             | for a boat which cycle daily
        
           | brink wrote:
           | > it's like ~5-10 EVs worth of batteries maybe? not the whole
           | car, just the batteries!
           | 
           | Batteries are heavy, batteries need recharging, batteries can
           | explode, batteries wear out, batteries cost a lot to
           | replace.. or you can have a cable that might snag, but
           | probably won't if you keep tension on it.
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | And batteries in marine environments age much more quickly
             | than those in dry-land applications. Salt loves anodes and
             | cathodes.
        
           | yafbum wrote:
           | Also safety, I'd guess. Fire has much worse consequences on
           | ships than on land...
        
           | rz2k wrote:
           | Furthermore you could charge them during the middle of the
           | day and at night, and use the batteries during morning and
           | evening commutes, which is pretty ideal.
           | 
           | As for the additional mass and displacement, the video
           | mentions boats having to push water out of the way, but water
           | also fills in behind the boat, so there isn't as much
           | physical work involved as it sounds like.
        
           | ortusdux wrote:
           | The Ford F150 Lightning comes with either 98kWh or 131kWh of
           | batteries depending on the package.
        
             | hathawsh wrote:
             | Wait a minute... in theory, there could be a ferry that
             | depends on power from an electric vehicle driven onto the
             | ferry. That would solve the logistics problem of moving
             | heavy batteries on and off the ship. The ferry could
             | initially use consumer vehicles and switch to customized
             | vehicles when the economics make sense.
        
           | l1tany11 wrote:
           | Some teslas have 100kwh batteries. The Hummer EV has ~200kwh
           | battery. Depending on how much extra capacity is needed to
           | optimize for longevity of the pack, and charging, it might be
           | far less than 10 cars worth of batteries. Potentially as
           | little as 1.
           | 
           | Makes you think that there might be quite a few river ferries
           | that could be converted quite economically.
        
           | martinmunk wrote:
           | Worth noting is, the subtitles said "The ferry uses, each
           | day, about 150-200 kWh" whereas the speaker said "the ferry
           | uses today between 150 and 200kW". I'm guessing Tom Scott had
           | him clarify later, but the units, and what could be assumed
           | to be a timeframe or not, is not the same.
        
       | hnlmorg wrote:
       | I found this video about another type of crossing using a cable:
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=OW24yLHmC20
        
         | rmason wrote:
         | I've ridden on one of those boats when I was in Basel. It was
         | incredibly calming to cross the river with no noise from a
         | motor.
         | 
         | There are also I think five different cable cars in the
         | immediate Basel area that offer some incredible views as well.
        
           | hnlmorg wrote:
           | You've now convinced me that I need to Basel :)
        
             | gpvos wrote:
             | There is a link below the video to a Wikipedia article with
             | similar ferries all over the world.
        
       | rmason wrote:
       | Though I am a big fan of Elon Musk's Boring company I think his
       | used of modified Tesla's to transport people in the tunnels isn't
       | the best idea.
       | 
       | The old streetcars, like in Detroit, used to attach to an
       | overhead wire to power themselves. I think you could have normal
       | train cars using this method. In other words use the electric
       | grid as opposed to batteries. I can't imagine a battery fire in
       | an enclosed area like a tunnel.
       | 
       | Much better than NYC's subway using a live third rail which I
       | believe has killed more people falling on to the tracks than the
       | trains themselves.
        
         | mikeyouse wrote:
         | These are super common - all of SFs MUNI system is built using
         | the overhead wires -- batteries in the individual cars are
         | interesting because there's a ton of cost involved in
         | electrifying the entire length of the tunnel to deliver as much
         | power as a train needs. All of the substations, the physical
         | electrical cables themselves, etc add a ton of cost to
         | tunneling projects and long-term wear items that will require
         | endless maintenance that often shuts down the lines.
         | 
         | Building a dumb cheap concrete tunnel and leaving the expensive
         | parts in the cars themselves could be a very cost effective
         | method of urban transport. Though I think the "use Teslas" is a
         | dumb addition since a purpose built train car similar to the
         | airport shuttles at Denver would be much more efficient and
         | handicap accessible.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | To clarify, the light rail (Muni Metro) and electrified bus
           | lines use overhead 600 volt DC, but most of the bus lines are
           | not electrified.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | > I think you could have normal train cars using this method.
         | In other words use the electric grid as opposed to batteries.
         | 
         | Like... most trains in Europe?
        
         | TheLoafOfBread wrote:
         | Subway makes perfect sense, except when you are CEO of a car
         | company. Then they are your direct competitor and suboptimal
         | solution of Tesla's in the tunnel is used instead.
        
         | WaitWaitWha wrote:
         | Electric trolleybus have been running in some cities pre-WWII
         | [0].
         | 
         | I have seen them in Budapest, Sao Paulo, and Malatya.
         | 
         | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolleybus
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | Thinking outside the box a bit I think there could be lots of
       | applications for "long extension cords". Especially when you
       | consider how light and thin a cord could be when you use high
       | voltage.
        
         | bloak wrote:
         | I agree. What someone needs to invent is a good way of powering
         | a tractor (or combine harvester) through an electric cable.
        
         | adamjc wrote:
         | I don't follow, how are high voltage cables able to be thinner
         | than low voltage cables?
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | The limiting capacity of an extension cord is the resistance
           | it can carry - at high resistance the cord will basically
           | catch on fire. High voltage can deliver much more power at
           | lower resistance as compared to low voltage. The easy example
           | is household power -- in the US, standard household
           | electricity is 120v, so a common 14 gauge wire that can carry
           | 12A at constant load would be able to deliver 1400 watts. If
           | you use 240v, that same wire can deliver 2800 watts.
           | 
           | To extend that to extension cords -- if your boat/tool or
           | whatever needs 5kw of power, at household voltage of 120v,
           | you'd need a #4 wire which weighs 1.3 lbs/10 ft. At 240V,
           | you'd need a #10 wire which weighs 0.3 lbs/10 ft. At 360v,
           | only a #14 wire which weighs 0.13 lbs/10 ft.
           | 
           | So by tripling the voltage, you can cut down the weight of
           | the cable by roughly 10x.
        
         | Arrath wrote:
         | While annoying to route around trees and a bit of a hazard
         | considering the possibility of running the cord over, using a
         | corded electric lawn mower worked passably well for a small
         | yard.
        
           | jakear wrote:
           | Seems like ideal use case for a battery. Use 1/week max, rest
           | of time plugged in. I had one at my house and it was perfect
           | for my small-ish yard.
        
           | muti wrote:
           | This is an application where I find the old tech does a
           | better job: push mowers.
           | 
           | I recently replaced my mower with an old push mower [1],
           | someone local restores them and sells them for a reasonable
           | price (much less than anything new or even a petrol or
           | electric second hand mower.
           | 
           | It works so well I wouldn't go back unless I had more than
           | about 200 sqm to mow. Modern push mowers are junk and put me
           | off in the past, but the older ones are much heavier and
           | better built. They cut grass cleaner than a rotary mower
           | which is supposedly better for the grass too.
           | 
           | [1]: trademe.tmcdn.co.nz/photoserver/full/1857940265.jpg
        
           | jimjimjim wrote:
           | yep, they are very light and maneuverable and not have a
           | battery pack allows for more interesting designs. but I have
           | run over the cord before. things went quiet for some reason.
        
         | unwind wrote:
         | There are rather big excavators/shovels as used in mining
         | operations, for large-volume material handling, that are
         | powered by a tether. I guess they don't nimble around much but
         | rather stay in roughly the same spot, filling trucks to haul
         | the rocks away for smelting/processing.
        
         | algo_trader wrote:
         | Do you have any experience with this ?
         | 
         | Is it possible to have a 10KV x 100A power tether snaking
         | around like this ?
         | 
         | There is a whole basket of safety requirements which kick in
         | with higher power scenarios
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | They do this with large mining machinery such as the drag
           | lines and bucket wheel wheel excavators. They don't move very
           | far so extension cords are acceptable.
           | 
           | And in mining they run portable medium voltage wiring through
           | the tunnels to baby substations. They even make plugs and
           | sockets rated to 15kV or possibly to 35kV, the upper limit
           | for "medium voltage" in NA.
           | 
           | Obviously you aren't going around plugging these cables in
           | like they're attached to a reading lamp. They are on
           | disconnects or circuit breakers and the circuit is de-
           | energized before connection or disconnection. Otherwise
           | arcing would destroy the connector. A faulted circuit would
           | cause an explosion on connection likely killing or severely
           | injuring an operator.
           | 
           | Electricians working on medium voltage circuits must have
           | medium voltage training and certifications.
        
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