[HN Gopher] Cancer vaccines: the next immunotherapy frontier
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       Cancer vaccines: the next immunotherapy frontier
        
       Author : CharlesW
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2022-11-24 19:25 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | adamredwoods wrote:
       | >> Effective vaccines are likely to be combined with other
       | immunostimulatory approaches including adoptive T cell therapies
       | and to be deployed in postsurgical adjuvant settings to prevent
       | relapses.
       | 
       | Mostly post-surgical, but I wouldn't be surprised if eventually
       | used for metastatic as well. Good luck to all involved.
        
         | mcbain wrote:
         | Immunotherapy is also being trialled as a neoadjuvant with
         | promising results.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | hanselot wrote:
        
         | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
         | Yes, if you're in close proximity with someone with cancer you
         | will not get their cancer after getting the vaccine. Before
         | too.
        
           | peteradio wrote:
           | That's actually 0% effective.
        
         | mfcl wrote:
         | No, but they will decrease the severity of the disease and you
         | will be more likely to survive, maybe. Also, know that a shot
         | will provoke a small tumor that should go away by itself after
         | a few days.
        
       | christkv wrote:
       | These are therapeutic vaccines customised to each case. My father
       | is heavily involved with this working on one targeting brain
       | cancers.
       | 
       | It's not a silver bullet but it will help if the patient responds
       | and the cancer is not aggressive enough to kill the patient
       | before the immune system is reactivated to fight the cancer
       | successfully.
       | 
       | If it does work it looks very likely there will be no relapse.
        
       | Buttons840 wrote:
       | A medicine that sometimes stops a bad thing from happening is
       | hard for people to appreciate, because if it works you'll never
       | know it, and it might have some side effects.
       | 
       | We need to improve public education about why we believe these
       | medicines work. I want to see the studies presented on social
       | media: "We gave 30,000 people this drug and you won't believe
       | what happened!" Less censoring people and more presenting the
       | studies in a way people can understand. Less appealing to
       | authority and more appealing to observations; yes, you observed
       | your 2 relatives, and I observed 30,000 people, judge for
       | yourself which is more persuasive.
       | 
       | Most people aren't going to read your 3 paragraph abstract, let
       | alone the the full paper. You have to tell them the observations
       | in a few sentences, preferably with minimal added interpretation.
        
         | anonporridge wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preparedness_paradox
        
         | ajsnigrutin wrote:
         | > I want to see the studies presented on social media: "We gave
         | 30,000 people this drug and you won't believe what happened!"
         | 
         | We've had two years of that... get vaccinated and you won't get
         | it, also get vaccinated and you won't get your grandparents
         | ill!
         | 
         | Somehow all the censoring was done on people who didn't believe
         | these claims.
        
           | bamboozled wrote:
           | To be fair we also now have stories that some people were
           | injured from the vaccines ?
        
           | mig39 wrote:
           | I guess we were hearing different messages?
           | 
           | I thought the vaccine message was "get vaccinated so you
           | won't die when you get it."
        
             | dimitrios1 wrote:
             | That was the updated messaging from DNC HQ because the
             | first one was clearly wrong.
        
             | vinyl7 wrote:
             | It depended in the day of the week. Sometimes it was slow
             | the spread, sometimes it was to prevent getting covid,
             | other times it was to reduce the severity if you got it.
        
               | sdiacom wrote:
               | I think a big part of it is that COVID has become an
               | attention point in our lives, it entirely dominated the
               | media cycle for months. There's something everyone wants
               | to hear about and _we just don't know that much about
               | it_, so the media increasingly plays telephone with
               | itself in an attempt to report anything.
               | 
               | Various people gave their hopefully somewhat informed
               | opinion at the time to different members of the media,
               | who reported on it with different levels of accuracy,
               | attributing often undue levels of confidence to it. And
               | that quickly mutated into "the media's trusted sources
               | can confirm that the experts definitely know the vaccine
               | will have exactly these effects and will be effective for
               | these specific cases"
               | 
               | I think it's worth questioning what influence there was
               | in which narratives did or didn't get pushed, but I also
               | think it's worth keeping in mind that the media is also
               | just... fallible.
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | My point was that should not be the message. Promising
             | people the vaccine will save them is a false hope, people
             | look around and find someone who got vaccinated but still
             | died and now the trust is broken.
             | 
             | Instead, tell people about the trial control group vs
             | treatment group, let people see that there is risk on both
             | sides, but that the treatment group was ultimately better
             | off. Use minimal interpretation. I'd like to see so much
             | focus on the trial outcomes that the number of people who
             | died in both groups is a household fact that families talk
             | about.
        
               | thinkmcfly wrote:
               | Just give angry religious zealots a crash course in
               | genetics and epidemiology, its so easy! Why isn't the CDC
               | doing this? /s
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | Presumably more people are getting sick and dying in the
               | control group. People can understand "more people dead"
               | even without taking a genetics course.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | You'd be surprised. The data is overwhelming, and this
               | group of highly trained techies still contains many who
               | call the COVID vaccines "clot shot".
               | 
               | There is nothing so obvious that people cannot fail to
               | understand if sufficiently motivated.
        
             | throwaway0x7E6 wrote:
             | because there were a lot of different, often contradicting
             | messages
        
             | ajsnigrutin wrote:
             | > DR. ROCHELLE WALENSKY, CDC DIRECTOR
             | 
             | > And we have -- we can kind of almost see the end. We`re
             | vaccinating so very fast, our data from the CDC today
             | suggests, you know, that vaccinated people do not carry the
             | virus, don`t get sick, and that it`s not just in the
             | clinical trials but it`s also in real world data.
             | 
             | https://web.archive.org/web/20210402002315/https://www.msnb
             | c...
        
               | Krssst wrote:
               | In April 2021 the original strain was still dominent if I
               | record well, against which the vaccines were much more
               | effective against getting COVID.
        
               | thelittleone wrote:
               | Do you have a source for this?
        
         | jostmey wrote:
         | Cancer vaccines would be given to someone with cancer. These
         | vaccines would not be preventative
        
           | bitxbitxbitcoin wrote:
           | That there is confusion just emphasizes that the term
           | therapeutic vaccine needs more education around it.
           | 
           | When I think of vaccines, I think of something that's
           | preventative - regardless of the mechanism. Even the coming
           | "Lyme Disease" vaccine is still preventative though it's more
           | of a tick bite vaccine.
           | 
           | Someone please school me.
           | 
           | Why is it a therapeutic vaccine - what's wrong with calling
           | it a treatment?
        
             | svara wrote:
             | It's a vaccine because it doesn't work on the cancer
             | directly but rather teaches your immune system to attack
             | the cancer.
        
           | mig39 wrote:
           | Giving HPV vaccines to teens (including boys) seems to be
           | preventative.
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | Which is not the type of vaccine the article is about.
        
         | the-printer wrote:
         | > "We gave 30,000 people this drug and you won't believe what
         | happened!"
         | 
         | Lab coat Clickbait?
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | >Less appealing to authority and more appealing to observations
         | 
         | Antivaxxers aren't scientifically inclined skeptics who will
         | change their minds if fed more objective, impartial evidence.
        
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       (page generated 2022-11-24 23:00 UTC)