[HN Gopher] Why Is Booz Allen Renting Us Back Our Own National P...
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       Why Is Booz Allen Renting Us Back Our Own National Parks?
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 149 points
       Date   : 2022-12-02 19:46 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (mattstoller.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (mattstoller.substack.com)
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | Can somebody explain to me why this got upvoted so much even
       | though the writer doesn't have a brain?
       | 
       | Booz Allen is not renting us a park, because they don't own it,
       | hence they cannot rent it out. Booz Allen is running a website
       | and we are paying them fees because that's the money they use to
       | run the website. He quotes them as saying as much in the article.
       | 
       | Then he goes on to basically state he has no clue what they were
       | paid to run the website, and yet the entire article claims that
       | the fees are "junk", regardless of the fact that he has no
       | evidence to support this.
       | 
       | Despite this, in the linked article on Booze's website it states:
       | _" With more than 45 million users in FY21, the site has
       | generated more than $270 million in revenue for the federal
       | government"_. Compare that to the 182 Million to be invested in
       | Booze over 10 years (18.2 Million/year averaged).
       | 
       | It's not stated how payment takes place, but Booze's wording
       | suggests that the government did not have to front the capital
       | and instead Booze will recoup it over time, which takes the risk
       | off the government of another $400M boondoggle.
       | 
       | Clearly the government is making more money than it is spending,
       | which is what you want, rather than a botched government job
       | spending $400 Million and having jack shit to show for it. Not
       | only that, but Booze's site was completed in only a year, and was
       | the first major government site made in the cloud. It has
       | continued to expand and has not failed. This is an amazing
       | achievement for government work.
       | 
       | Pay them your fees and stop whining, or we'll end up with the
       | government failing to make a basic website for 10x the amount of
       | taxpayer money. People love to whine when they have to personally
       | pay a fee, but they don't care at all when their taxpayer dollars
       | are flushed down the toilet in the millions to billions. Out of
       | sight, out of mind.
        
       | csours wrote:
       | Because Americans will accept fees before they accept taxes. They
       | will pay local taxes before they pay state or federal taxes.
        
         | gnicholas wrote:
         | I understand why people would prefer user fees to nationally-
         | distributed taxes. What rubs me the wrong way is the lottery
         | application fees. Charging the people who visit a park is one
         | thing. Charging people who want to visit a park, apply to do so
         | on a govt website, and are denied, is another. If this was an
         | account setup fee I might be able to understand. But charging
         | it every time you throw your hat in the ring seems inefficient
         | and exploitative.
        
           | em500 wrote:
           | It's probably an effective way to prevent bots (or even
           | humans) from spamming the lottery if entry to the lottery was
           | free or gated by a one-off fee. The exploitative part is
           | mostly that these per-application fees are pocketed by a
           | private company.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legitimation_Crisis_(book)
       | 
       | Would a constitutional against this sort of thing help keep the
       | country governable?
        
       | carom wrote:
       | Kind of a duplicate?
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33834006
        
         | phnofive wrote:
         | Sorta - I noted this in that thread, since this came second:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33834783
        
         | black_puppydog wrote:
         | Doctorow actually cites the BIG substack, but adds a bunch of
         | other stuff. Unclear...
        
           | cpt1138 wrote:
           | Doctorow says "But there's something we can do about this!
           | The part of the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act that
           | authorizes agencies to assess fees runs out in Oct 2023, and
           | when Congress renews it, they could add an amendment to block
           | Booz's junk fees."
           | 
           | What exactly are "we" supposed to do about it?
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | This is an interesting problem.
           | 
           | The normal state of news is that a story breaks and there are
           | 300 near identical articles about it in 24 hours. Google News
           | wouldn't have been successful if they hadn't developed a
           | clustering algorithm that handles this.
           | 
           | Ordinary clustering algorithms don't work well for documents
           | period in my experience and I am not sure if that's the right
           | approach to topic identification. But if we're going to get
           | past RSS readers having the same failing interface that has
           | been failing since 1999 and get past the idea that social
           | media is bad because "algorithms = bad" we need some
           | algorithm to tame the many "me too" blog posts that come
           | whenever a blog post breaks onto the front of HN.
        
       | em500 wrote:
       | The article answers it's own question. On the website developed
       | for Obamacare:
       | 
       | > The government had spent $400 million over four years - more
       | time than it took the U.S. to enter and win World War II - and
       | yet, the dozens of contractors couldn't set up a website to take
       | sign-ups.
       | 
       | So the answer to the headline question (and also the broader
       | problem) is: because the government probably can't develop the
       | project successfully in-house.
       | 
       | This is not a particularly American problem. Every few years I
       | read about some super costly government IT disaster here in the
       | Netherlands. I'm sure locals from most other countries will have
       | similar stories to share. So the broader question would be: what
       | makes governments apparently unable to get big IT projects done
       | right? (I'm aware that there is a big selection/reporting bias in
       | the disaster stories.)
       | 
       | According to the article, Booz Allen got a 10 year contract. What
       | would it take, when it expires, for the BLM to develop and run
       | this successfully in-house?
        
         | tstrimple wrote:
         | > what makes governments apparently unable to get big IT
         | projects done right?
         | 
         | I wonder why this sentiment is never applied to big IT projects
         | in the private sector.
         | 
         | https://faethcoaching.com/it-project-failure-rates-facts-and...
         | * According to the Standish Group's Annual CHAOS 2020 report,
         | 66% of technology projects (based on the analysis of 50,000
         | projects globally) end in partial or total failure. While
         | larger projects are more prone to encountering challenges or
         | failing altogether, even the smallest software projects fail
         | one in ten times. Large projects are successful less than 10%
         | of the time.                * Standish also found that 31% of
         | US IT projects were canceled outright and the performance of
         | 53% 'was so worrying that they were challenged.'              *
         | Research from McKinsey in 2020 found that 17% of large IT
         | projects go so badly, they threaten the very existence of the
         | company.                * BCG (2020) estimated that 70% of
         | digital transformation efforts fall short of meeting targets. A
         | 2020 CISQ report found the total cost of unsuccessful
         | development projects among US firms is an estimated $260B,
         | while the total cost of operational failures caused by poor
         | quality software is estimated at $1.56 trillion.
         | 
         | I'm in the consulting world and I've been brought in at the
         | tail end of multiple BILLION dollar boondoggle modernization
         | efforts. These are fortune 100 companies that built their
         | fortunes through acquisition and consolidation who have no idea
         | how to steer their ship in any sort of effective way. In a lot
         | of cases, we're cleaning up after other top 5 consulting firms
         | who lead the client on while pissing away hundreds of millions
         | of dollars. It turns out damn near everyone is bad at building
         | large systems but only the government seems to be derided for
         | it consistently.
        
         | gnicholas wrote:
         | But the failed Obamacare website was also farmed out to a third
         | party contractor. TFA says this, and links to an investigative
         | piece on the debacle:
         | https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2013/10/16/meet-...
        
         | panzagl wrote:
         | Big IT projects fail. The US federal government for the most
         | part only deals in big projects. There's more to it than that,
         | but they're mostly details compared to this basic truth.
        
         | gamegoblin wrote:
         | I think it's a combination of a few things.
         | 
         | - Government jobs don't pay well relative to the private
         | sector, _especially_ in software, so the government talent pool
         | is lower quality than industry.
         | 
         | - For most government activities, government essentially has a
         | monopoly on their implementation, e.g. infrastructure building.
         | So people don't have as much of a comparison to know how good
         | or badly government is doing. With software, people use
         | government software and use privately developed software and
         | the difference is obvious.
         | 
         | - Software, perhaps even more than many endeavors, benefits
         | from having a single decision-maker in charge of the project
         | who has a clear vision of what needs to be done and strong
         | conviction on how to do it. Design-by-committee is not a great
         | way to design good software. Most government projects wind up
         | being some form of design-by-committee, either implicitly or
         | explicitly. Even when the government has software built by
         | private contractors, the requirements are written by committee,
         | the contractors chosen by committee, etc. Very few of the best
         | of anything is designed by committee, but the effects are much
         | more obvious with software than say, a park.
        
           | mjhay wrote:
           | Healthcare.gov was farmed out to well-connected contractors,
           | much like most other similar boondoggles (SLS, F-34, Bradley
           | fighting vehicle, delayed road projects, etc).
           | 
           | It says a lot more about corrupt and inefficient procurement
           | (e.g. cost-plus) than it does about rank-and-file government
           | employees. Using many contractors in many different
           | congressional districts, all of whom have little incentive to
           | deliver on time and on budget, or cooperate effectively with
           | each other.
        
             | gamegoblin wrote:
             | Fundamentally you're talking about the problem I alluded to
             | in the 3rd point: Software projects work best with a single
             | (or small group of closely knit) decision-makers at the top
             | who bear ultimate responsibility for the implementation of
             | the project.
             | 
             | The problem with governmental design-by-committee is that
             | it spreads out the responsibility such that the failure of
             | the project does not fall on any individual or small group.
             | 
             | The lack of concentrated responsibility breeds an
             | environment that incentivizes grift rather than delivering
             | value.
             | 
             | If the iPhone bombed, it was going to be Steve Jobs' fault.
             | He had final say in all design decisions. If Healthcare.gov
             | bombed... whose head rolled? Excerpt from the wiki article
             | of Todd Park, CTO in the Obama administration:
             | 
             | '''
             | 
             | The initial version of HealthCare.gov, which was deployed
             | on July 1, 2010, was built in 90 days by Park and his team
             | at HHS. The first HealthCare.gov was cited by the Kaiser
             | Family Foundation as one of the early highlights in the
             | implementation of the healthcare reform implementation
             | progress. HealthCare.gov was also the first website ever
             | "demoed" by a sitting president
             | 
             | The following two versions, from the relaunch of the front
             | end in May 2013 to the badly flawed marketplace that went
             | live in October 2013, were developed by contractors and
             | overseen by officials at the Centers for Medicare and
             | Medicaid Services, outside of his purview within the White
             | House Office of Science and Technology Policy. When the
             | extent of the problems with Healthcare.gov became clear,
             | Park was tasked by President Obama to work on a "trauma
             | team" that addressed the "technological disaster". Park,
             | along with Jeffrey Zients, led the "tech surge" that
             | ultimately repaired Healthcare.gov over the winter,
             | eventually fixing the marketplace sufficiently to enable
             | millions of Americans to find plans and purchase health
             | insurance.
             | 
             | '''
             | 
             | How many of those unnamed officials at the Centers for
             | Medicare and Medicaid services got fired for a multi-
             | billion dollar boondoggle? The reason bureaucracies (both
             | government and private) love process, documentation,
             | committees, etc., is because the primary goal of any
             | bureaucracy, far and above its nominal mission, is to
             | continue existing, and a primary part of continuing to
             | exist is to avoid blame for anything. Delegating decision
             | making to committees and process is a key way to avoid
             | blame.
             | 
             | "Who is responsible for this mess?"
             | 
             | "Nobody is responsible, we followed the process. But don't
             | worry, we've started the process of forming a committee to
             | update our process manual to prevent this mess in the
             | future."
        
             | crooked-v wrote:
             | I feel it still says something about government employees
             | because one can pretty much take it as a given that the
             | standard employee pool is basically incapable of building
             | relatively basic e-commerce websites.
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | Well yeah, what do you expect when Congress and the GSA
               | sets pay for pay for developers at levels far below the
               | private sector? I've worked for two different federal
               | agencies in the past, and both were more efficient and
               | lower BS than most private-sector jobs I've worked at.
               | This wasn't IT or development, of course.
               | 
               | It's just taken as a truism that government is always
               | inefficient and bureaucratic, but the average ossified
               | corporation such as Google is wildly inefficient and
               | bureaucratic just the same.
               | 
               | They also aren't necessarily that bad to interact with.
               | I'd much rather go to the DMV than interact with Comcast.
        
               | giaour wrote:
               | The standard government employee is a project manager
               | whose main job is overseeing contractor work. Funding
               | cycles make it nearly impossible to hire in house staff
               | to actually do work, and there is firm political
               | opposition to the federal government doing anything on
               | its own.
        
               | medellin wrote:
               | Being someone who just happened into a government job for
               | my first one out of college that holds true in my
               | experience. No good employee stayed in the job more than
               | two years and most only one before they got so sick of
               | the politics and bike shedding.
               | 
               | The government gets good employees it just loses them all
               | very quickly when it fails to compensate them as well as
               | provide them with meaningful work.
        
           | Klonoar wrote:
           | _> - Government jobs don't pay well relative to the private
           | sector, especially in software, so the government talent pool
           | is lower quality than industry._
           | 
           | If we're discussing the USA, sure. If we're discussing other
           | countries this isn't always necessarily true, and as the
           | person you responded to has noted, this happens worldwide.
        
             | gamegoblin wrote:
             | That is just one of the three points I made (and I
             | personally think the final point is the most salient here).
             | Though I'm curious, do you know of any countries where
             | government software jobs pay market rate? I would be
             | interested to see if their government websites are decent.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > So the broader question would be: what makes governments
         | apparently unable to get big IT projects done right?
         | 
         | Signals intelligence people must be building some of the most
         | powerful computer systems in the world. They also historically
         | have innovated and led the industry in areas like crypto. How
         | come they get it right but the rest of the civil service can't?
        
           | Rebelgecko wrote:
           | It probably helps if your successes _and_ fuck-ups are
           | classified for decades
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | The rest of the civil service seems almost entirely unable
             | to get _anything_ done in computing though. Signals
             | intelligence in the UK and US seem to ship quite a lot of
             | success, from all the history, leaks, and things you can
             | physically see like Bumblehive. Definitely something
             | they're doing differently than the rest of the civil
             | service.
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | > _For instance, as one camper noted, in just one lottery to hike
       | Mount Whitney, more than 16,000 people applied, and only a third
       | got in. Yet everyone paid the $6 registration fee, which means
       | the gross income for that single location is over $100,000._
       | 
       | Wow, it's like those scummy all-pay auction sites you see
       | advertised, where you can buy/win a TV for just $4.29. Incredible
       | that this is allowed.
       | 
       | It sounds like there's still no answer as to whether Booz Allen
       | was paid cash upfront to build the sites, and it is possible that
       | the amount being paid is "fair" in some sense. But if they're
       | making six-figures of profit on one lottery for Mount Whitney,
       | that seems exceedingly unlikely.
        
         | warbler73 wrote:
         | recreation.gov is a .gov site. Which is supposed to mean it is
         | owned by the government and not a private run site collecting
         | fees for a for-profit defense contractor.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Where is this meaning of ".gov" to be found?
        
             | jonnybgood wrote:
             | https://home.dotgov.gov/
        
             | stonogo wrote:
             | Here: https://home.dotgov.gov Operated by CISA care of the
             | GSA.
             | 
             | Specifically: https://home.dotgov.gov/registration/requirem
             | ents/#eligibili...
             | 
             | See also RFC 920:
             | https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc920 Section
             | "Initial Set of Top Level Domains"
        
           | biftek wrote:
           | I previously had little issue with the fees because I assumed
           | they went back to the parks due to the .gov domain. Now that
           | I know it's just a private 3rd party collecting them and our
           | parks and public lands are still underfunded is infuriating.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | >> _For instance, as one camper noted, in just one lottery to
         | hike Mount Whitney, more than 16,000 people applied, and only a
         | third got in. Yet everyone paid the $6 registration fee, which
         | means the gross income for that single location is over
         | $100,000._
         | 
         | > Wow, it's like those scummy all-pay auction sites you see
         | advertised, where you can buy/win a TV for just $4.29.
         | Incredible that this is allowed.
         | 
         | My impression was that those sites use a much scummier model,
         | in which whoever buys the last ticket wins. Tickets are cheap,
         | but the priority system ("last guy wins") means people buy a
         | large number of tickets.
         | 
         | A true lottery in which you buy a ticket for $6 and then either
         | win or lose at random is a very different thing. You can't
         | spend more than $6 on that.
        
       | pmulard wrote:
       | Slightly off topic, but I feel like there are so many conflicting
       | parties involved with the US national parks system. On one hand,
       | we have groups of people who want to preserve the land as much as
       | possible. But often these same people have no problems building
       | new roads and swanky new amenities like hotels and restaurants in
       | the middle of these parks. Yellowstone has some of the most wild
       | and rugged terrain in the lower 48, yet some parts of it feel
       | like DisneyWorld.
       | 
       | Which is it? Do we actually care about having natural land we can
       | all enjoy, or are we just trying to add a few extra billion in
       | our national budget? It all just comes off like a huge grift and
       | way to exploit the land.
       | 
       | Then there are parks like Glacier, home to some of the most
       | stunning natural beauty in the country, right next to Tribal Land
       | with some of the most rampant poverty in the country. Suburban
       | families cruise around in their brand new Subarus, while eating
       | $30 bison burgers. They barely notice indigenous people, and the
       | results of the land exploitation, on the way out.
        
         | intrepidhero wrote:
         | How are most people going to enjoy (and therefore care about)
         | this natural land without at least some roads, hotels and
         | restaurants?
         | 
         | Even in designated wilderness areas, somebody has to build
         | roads and cut trail in order for anyone to enjoy it and
         | scientists to study the effects of conservation. I think it's a
         | tough balance and we need lands all across the spectrum of
         | development.
        
           | LeifCarrotson wrote:
           | Roads? You walk, ride an MTB, or (especially for park service
           | moving construction materials for trail maintenance) use
           | horses.
           | 
           | Hotels? I hear they've developed this innovation known as a
           | "tent". Thanks to space-age fabrics, you can be warm and dry
           | with little more than a bag and some sticks.
           | 
           | Restaurants? Food is fuel, not a social activity. It's not
           | that hard to carry your calories on your back. In many parks,
           | if there aren't too many roads, hotels, and restaurants
           | upstream, you can get drinkable water straight from the
           | stream, or run it through a filter. If you don't have to
           | carry water in, most parties can pack in enough calories in
           | to go for a week or more.
           | 
           | You're not going to get octogenarians and the obese to the
           | middle of Yellowstone or the peak of Denali, no, but that's
           | OK.
        
         | haswell wrote:
         | I recently finished a road trip that took me through 7 national
         | parks, and it was interesting seeing the large degree of
         | variation in amenities in various parks, and how that changed
         | the experience.
         | 
         | By far, my favorite experiences were at parks that had minimal
         | amenities, and far fewer people as a result. These places felt
         | wild, and to me, that's how they should feel.
         | 
         | The ones that were equipped with paved walking paths, shuttle
         | systems (looking at you, Zion), and top tier camping amenities
         | (Bryce) were absolutely mobbed with people, making them feel
         | like theme parks.
         | 
         | I'm all for ensuring parks are accessible for more people, and
         | I'm sensitive to the fact that parks need routes that can be
         | accessed via wheelchair, not everyone has physical strength for
         | difficult unpaved paths, etc.
         | 
         | But to your point, the experience at those "Disney-ified"
         | locations felt very...counterintuitive. Combine this with the
         | huge rise in vandalism, rule breaking, and general destruction
         | in many parks, and I can't help but feel that a slightly higher
         | barrier to entry is a good thing.
         | 
         | If it's challenging (but achievable) to visit a location, I
         | feel like there may more inherent respect by the folks who care
         | enough to make sure they're prepared for the experience.
         | 
         | Lowering the bar too far has been detrimental, IMO.
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | > yet some parts of it feel like DisneyWorld
         | 
         | Says it in the name, doesn't it? It's a managed 'park' for
         | people's enjoyment, not a wilderness. So it has DisneyWorld-
         | like infrastructure.
        
         | 015a wrote:
         | You see a scene like this [1] and you wouldn't be blamed for
         | thinking that its just some normal highway in the western US.
         | Its actually _inside_ Yellowstone; zoom in on the sign and you
         | 'll see that its the _exit ramp_ to Old Faithful.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.google.com/maps/@44.4608402,-110.8437926,3a,75y,...
        
         | blululu wrote:
         | If you are trying to root out corruption and waste in the
         | Federal Government I would suggest looking beyond the Park
         | Service. They are asked to do a lot (more each year) with a
         | very small budget (that does not keep pace with inflation or
         | the amount of places they need to run). The park service needs
         | to cater to a wide variety of people who expect different
         | things from their recreation.
         | 
         | Personally I think that personal cars should be banned from all
         | national parks. The roads are expensive to maintain, and a
         | traffic jam to a giant parking lot ruins the park. Denali or
         | Rocky Mountain National park have excellent shuttle services
         | that really help thin the crowd. But some people really like to
         | have their road trips, and having some handicap accessible
         | sections is also important. The contradictions stem from the
         | very nature of democratic compromise.
        
         | panzagl wrote:
         | It's something the NPS has struggled with from the beginning-
         | there is a book called "Engineering Eden" that goes into just
         | how 'controlled' Yellowstone is and how the objectives have
         | changed over the last century.
        
         | briantakita wrote:
         | > It all just comes off like a huge grift and way to exploit
         | the land.
         | 
         | Bingo. It comes off that way because it is that way. With
         | centralized power comes centralized corruption...This article
         | is another outrage piece. At best we can expect some token
         | gesture as a response but in the end, the powerful & well
         | connected get their way by cynically fixing the errors of their
         | ways with some new form of corruption.
         | 
         | > They barely notice indigenous people, and the results of the
         | land exploitation, on the way out.
         | 
         | Our ancestors were indigenous and at some point we became
         | assimilated subjects. I'll give it to the Native American &
         | Hawaiian cultures in remembering their heritage. If the public
         | outrage is notable enough, I'll wager that Booz Allen will have
         | some sort of Native American committee so they can claim that
         | they care about the land & people.
        
         | luckylion wrote:
         | Do you preserve the land, completely removing humans from it,
         | and only allow humans to marvel at it from satellites? How do
         | you get the population to care for your lofty goals? Do you
         | make it accessible to humans so they can enjoy nature? How do
         | they get there if not via roads?
        
           | quickthrower2 wrote:
           | Tongue in cheek: Walk! But I get your point. Usually isn't
           | the road accessible parts just a tiny fraction of it all
           | anyway?
        
             | blululu wrote:
             | Taking this comment seriously I would actually really
             | support a more walking centered park system. You are
             | correct that a lot of most parks are situated very far from
             | roads, but in a lot of parks the best places are close to
             | the roads. Personally really dislike having a traffic jam
             | in a natural park, or people demanding yet more parking
             | spaces in Yosemite valley. The shuttle bus services that
             | exist in several national parks are generally really nice.
             | They ease up the footprint and maintenance costs of roads
             | and parking lots. They make it easy to do some of the more
             | interesting through hikes. Obviously I am not saying that
             | we should scrap all the roads but I do think that
             | emphasizing walking would be a good idea.
        
           | [deleted]
        
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