[HN Gopher] Doors of McMurdo
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Doors of McMurdo
        
       Author : Amorymeltzer
       Score  : 262 points
       Date   : 2022-12-15 17:00 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (brr.fyi)
 (TXT) w3m dump (brr.fyi)
        
       | ilkkal wrote:
       | I wonder if proper door operation is part of orientation:
       | https://youtu.be/Wof0xPUmW38
        
       | loufe wrote:
       | I work at a large mining complex in Canada's far north. We have a
       | mix of all types of door handles and mechanisms in outside-facing
       | doors, like McMurdo, it would seem. Even the best of them fails
       | to keep snow out and heat in when you get snow and ice caught in
       | the door creases. Salt, sand, and shovel and pick are the motto.
       | 
       | Thankfully, more doors are further off the ground because of
       | permafrost. Having stability and door-jam-avoiding benefits
       | simultaneously.
        
         | loufe wrote:
         | Permafrost stilts, for reference:
         | https://s3.amazonaws.com/greenbuildingadvisor.s3.tauntonclou...
        
           | dendrite9 wrote:
           | Are the stilts connected to thermosiphons? That is a cool
           | technology and application I learned about when reading about
           | building larger structures in the far north.
           | https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11072021/thawing-
           | permafro... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermosiphon
           | https://dot.alaska.gov/stwddes/research/assets/pdf/erdc-
           | crre...
        
             | loufe wrote:
             | Good question, honestly I'm not sure. I will try to
             | remember to ask next time I fly up.
        
       | JP_Watts wrote:
       | Man this brings me back. I did a year at McMurdo in 2004. We got
       | hit with such a bad storm that conex boxes were tossed all over
       | the yards. Snow drifts covered up some doors, but... they opened
       | inward ;)
        
       | chrisbigelow wrote:
       | See also: "Power Up: What Keeps McMurdo Going?"
       | https://scienceroadshow.wordpress.com/2013/01/26/power-up-wh...
        
       | greenhearth wrote:
       | Love this blog!
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | I couldn't help continuing with "McMurdo's Automated Teller
       | Machines"
       | 
       | https://brr.fyi/posts/mcmurdo-automated-teller-machines
       | 
       | This is fun and fascinating. I wonder how much critical minutiae
       | from our daily life goes undocumented.
       | 
       | for example:
       | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/45rpmada...
        
       | Magi604 wrote:
       | These are fantastic, high quality posts.
       | 
       | This is the type of stuff that sadly gets drowned out in the
       | ocean of today's clickbait content.
        
         | birdman3131 wrote:
         | I don't tend to count (currently) #2 on the main page to be
         | drowned.
        
       | hprotagonist wrote:
       | _This is not a master-planned community. Rather, it is a series
       | of organic responses to evolving operational needs._
       | 
       | over time i have become more and more convinced that this state
       | of affairs is _better_.
        
         | notduncansmith wrote:
         | That is the central thesis of The Timeless Way of Building by
         | Christopher Alexander, which I highly recommend.
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | Don't live there anymore but it's basically why I actually
         | liked no zoning in Houston
        
         | teddyh wrote:
         | "The ITS system is not the result of a human wave or crash
         | effort. The system has been incrementally developed almost
         | continuously since its inception. As the system has matured
         | there have always been new features to add to those under
         | consideration as others were implemented or discarded."
         | 
         | -- Donald E. Eastlake, _ITS Status Report_ , AI Memo 238, 1972:
         | https://its.victor.se/wiki/aim-238
        
         | Georgelemental wrote:
         | You may be interested in "Seeing Like a State" by James C.
         | Scott, an entire book about this subject:
         | https://www.amazon.com/Seeing-like-State-Certain-Condition/d...
        
           | odiroot wrote:
           | It begins as a very interesting book (especially the forest
           | management example) but boy is it slow. The author tends to
           | repeat his point ad nauseam.
        
           | mustachionut wrote:
           | Also check out "How Buildings Learn" by Stewart Brand.
        
         | kapep wrote:
         | I appreciate the beauty that comes with the organic evolution
         | of these buildings but if it leads to a "break lock in
         | emergency" door, it is definitely not better.
        
           | lilyball wrote:
           | That door's state is due to the key being lost, not due to
           | organic growth.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tomjakubowski wrote:
             | It's certainly incorporating local knowledge though
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Certain things lend themselves well to master-planning. TCP/IP,
         | or where transit lines are run _before the city builds up
         | around them_. But only things that really _need_ to be master-
         | planned do better when planned that way; much of the best
         | "large things" seem to work out better when many of the aspects
         | are organic and human-scale.
        
           | puffoflogic wrote:
           | In what sense is TCP/IP master-planned? TCP has tons of
           | options, and one of its key components, the congestion
           | control algorithm, is unspecified and left up to client
           | choice. Both of these facts have led to significant
           | improvements, but even greater improvements were obtained by
           | dumping TCP altogether, in large part _because_ TCP ossified
           | due to middleware behaving as if TCP were master-planned when
           | it isn 't. TCP, at least, is an anti-example to your point!
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | So is IP - which version are we talking about?
             | 
             | The out-of-address-space v4 that wasn't future-proof enough
             | to conceive of more than 4 billion computers?
             | 
             | Or the reinvented ipv6 that seems to have gone way too far
             | in the other direction (and not just in terms of address
             | size)?
        
           | CrazyStat wrote:
           | > where transit lines are run before the city builds up
           | around them.
           | 
           | I'm not sure even this is true. The city may not build up in
           | the way the planners anticipated. Even if it does, it will
           | change over time.
        
             | alksjdalkj wrote:
             | They aren't independent, the city will tend to build up
             | along the transit lines due to the easy access to transit.
             | E.g., the NYC outer boroughs and the DC metro area.
        
               | Eleison23 wrote:
               | That may be true for immovable train lines, but vehicle
               | transit such as buses have routes which are subject to
               | change, and therefore developers cannot depend on the
               | transit lines being there in 10-20 years.
               | 
               | Bus lines instead tend to follow where the traffic wants
               | to go. Around here, many shopping malls double as bus
               | stations because the primary aim of transit seems to be
               | circulating consumers around places they will spend
               | money.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > Bus lines instead tend to follow where the traffic
               | wants to go. Around here, many shopping malls double as
               | bus stations because the primary aim of transit seems to
               | be circulating consumers around places they will spend
               | money.
               | 
               | This is circular reasoning though. Bus lines go to the
               | mall, but malls are built where the bus lines go. Malls
               | use a lot of space, so carving out a little bit for
               | transit is easy.
        
               | wins32767 wrote:
               | Consider the income levels of the staff that work at
               | shopping malls and what that implies for their ability to
               | pay for reliable personal transportation.
        
             | thewataccount wrote:
             | From my experience playing factorio, the best way to
             | approach it is to plan out the areas you are building to
             | allow future "backtracking" possible - increase space
             | between buildings, ensure new "roads" are "reasonably"
             | arranged to allow future expansion, etc. An example of this
             | is ensuring that driveways/building distances are a certain
             | minimum from the road, allowing you to expand a 2 lane road
             | to 3, etc.
             | 
             | You build your infrastructure to, or just past the edges of
             | what you know is being built, and make sure you reserve
             | space past that to accompany further expansion.
             | 
             | The lets you expand the ~factory~ city while still allowing
             | some sanity to the underlying infrastructure.
             | 
             | * This will likely apply to anything that needs both
             | preplanning and unknown future expansion such as codebases
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | You see stuff like that done in some places (eg:
               | https://goo.gl/maps/q4Qm1cjjF9rA6MQY6 - the "highway" has
               | space all around it for expansion, and has had that for
               | decades from when there was nothing there)
        
               | microtherion wrote:
               | That looks like an utterly car dependent community. I
               | don't think you can have walkability without fairly dense
               | construction.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Yeah, the main advantage of pre-building is that land is
             | cheap and nobody's using it, vs post-building where you
             | know where the density is but you have to get the land.
             | 
             | In the cases I know of the density followed upon building
             | the line, but that may not be universally true.
        
             | mattpallissard wrote:
             | Maybe not so much the where, but the how (zoning regs)
             | matter. In SLC, the roads are pleasantly wide for a city
             | it's age. Turns out they had to be wide enough for a wagon
             | to turn around.
             | 
             | Trying to avoid painting yourself into a corner without
             | over thinking is the game.
        
       | bo0tzz wrote:
       | I've been thoroughly enjoying this blog and I'm looking forward
       | to read about the heating infrastructure there!
        
       | flobosg wrote:
       | Related: I enjoyed Maciej Ceglowski's articles about Antarctica -
       | https://idlewords.com/antarctica/
        
       | alex_suzuki wrote:
       | Funny that this should pop up just as I'm reading the illustrated
       | version of "At the Mountains of Madness" (H.P. Lovecraft)...
        
         | anthk wrote:
         | I tought the same.
        
       | NaturalPhallacy wrote:
       | I find everything about McMurdo fascinating because it's such an
       | extreme place. I looked at every one of these doors and read
       | about them. And a friend of mine from college worked (works?)
       | there after and has cool stories to tell.
       | 
       | Like penguin feces smells _awful_ because it 's predator feces
       | raised to the fish power.
       | 
       | And emperor penguins are _huge_ , and if they whack you with
       | their wings they can break finger bones.
       | 
       | And people who newly arrive look "orange".
       | 
       | And this wasn't from him, but some other documentary: Chips left
       | out don't go stale because the air is so dry. In fact, _they may
       | get crispier._
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | It's a very cold place right...? And a place where energy is
       | insanely expensive because all fuel has to be shipped thousands
       | of miles?
       | 
       | So energy efficiency is paramount.
       | 
       | So why are these doors, even the modern ones, just a few inches
       | thick? I'd expect to see the doors being 6 inch thick foam, and
       | every outdoor door to be a double door (ie. into an entrance
       | room, and another door into the rest of the building, such that
       | only one door is ever open at once, to prevent heat loss).
       | 
       | I'd expect all the walls to be 12 inches thick (with 10 inches of
       | foam) too - and again, this doesn't seem to be the case.
        
         | danielvf wrote:
         | McMurdo has a deepwater port, and a lot of fuel storage tanks
         | as a part of its facilities. Tankers and can just drive up in
         | summer and offload large quantities of fuel. It's not like the
         | South Pole station where everything must be flown in. And the
         | "waste heat" from the generators making electricity is routed
         | throughout the base and used for heating.
         | 
         | Not to mention almost a megawatt of wind turbines in the near
         | constant wind.
         | 
         | A study on the feasibility of electric vehicles had the
         | expected cost of electricity per kWh at the base lower than
         | California residential rates.
        
         | jacoblambda wrote:
         | McMurdo during the summer routinely gets above freezing and
         | isn't all too different from Alaska or northern Canada in the
         | early spring. During the winter of course it gets cold.
         | 
         | As for power, McMurdo has a mix of power sources including a
         | number of renewables. For about a decade ('62-'72), McMurdo
         | also had a small nuclear power plant on site as well. This was
         | also only a few years after McMurdo was established ('56). So
         | there was definitely a time where energy was not particularly
         | expensive and the greater issue was the cost per kilo for
         | shipping supplies.
         | 
         | Of course now that shipping logistics are mostly ironed out and
         | nuclear was deemed too problematic, various fossil fuels are
         | used for power and heating a good chunk of the site (whatever
         | the scattering of renewables can't handle).
         | 
         | Wind Turbines: https://brr.fyi/media/hut-point/town.jpg
         | 
         | PM-3A Nuclear Site:
         | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/PM3Anucl...
        
       | musha68k wrote:
       | Just the article I come here for, thanks for sharing. Fitting
       | background ambience for reading: https://youtu.be/870PlmjnLHw
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | russellbeattie wrote:
       | Antarctica Condition 1 Weather [1]. Her giggle in this video
       | always cracks me up. _Waaaaaaaahhhhh!!!_
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/qz2SeEzxMuE
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | bacon_waffle wrote:
         | Classic "Condition Fun"!
         | 
         | Antz and Christine are great - recommend "A Year On Ice".
        
       | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
       | The first thing I think about isn't snow or handles, it's the
       | framing. Poor framing results in door sagging which results in
       | sticking, wearing or even broken doors. A handle you can replace
       | pretty easily with basic tools (and a crescent wrench and square
       | tube works as a handle in a pinch). A poorly hung door requires
       | more skill.
        
       | foobarbecue wrote:
       | This made me homesick for Antarctica.
       | 
       | Tempted to do a "Doors of Erebus" in this style... They would
       | mostly be tent flaps, but there is a garage door and a really
       | great outhouse door.
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | How can I do a stint in McMurdo?
        
         | TurkTurkleton wrote:
         | Unless you're a scientist or researcher in a field that would
         | be performing research at McMurdo, your best bet is probably to
         | apply for a support position with one of the organizations or
         | parner institutions listed here:
         | https://www.usap.gov/jobsandopportunities/
         | 
         | Though as the blog mentions in an earlier post[0], you may have
         | to re-apply repeatedly over the course of several years.
         | 
         | [0]: https://brr.fyi/posts/basics
        
         | rootbear wrote:
         | I kept hoping I could trick NASA into sending me down there for
         | a few weeks. Surely a senior Linux/Unix admin would be useful
         | there? Ah, well, there's always the tourist option.
        
       | focusedone wrote:
       | I dunno who's writing this, but they write very well and about
       | interesting things. Really enjoying keeping up with this blog!
        
       | dheera wrote:
       | I'm curious why many of the doors have deadbolts.
       | 
       | In an environment where you presumably know every single human on
       | the site and there are probably no other humans in any direction
       | for 1000 km, is there a need for locks on anything other than
       | bedrooms and bathrooms?
        
         | _dain_ wrote:
         | > I'm curious why many of the doors have deadbolts.
         | 
         | to keep the Thing out
        
         | jamincan wrote:
         | McMurdo is one of the major logistics hubs for the entire
         | continent, this means that it has a relatively high population
         | (~1000 in summer), but also that a lot of people pass through
         | on their way to other parts of Antarctica. It's definitely not
         | a situation where everyone knows everyone else.
        
         | mastax wrote:
         | Probably just a more secure way to latch the door when there's
         | lots of wind and snow attempting to push the door in.
         | 
         | Also lots of standard doors come with deadbolts pre-installed
         | or at least a deadbolt hole drilled through.
        
         | jccooper wrote:
         | Mc Murdo is not the ISS. I think it's telling that it's
         | referred to as a "town". Plenty of unauthorized personnel.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | Penguins. Penguins can't open deadbolts.
         | 
         | (/s, obviously...)
        
           | bell-cot wrote:
           | But if you merely hide the key under the doormat, a Yeti
           | _can_.
        
         | petsfed wrote:
         | The threat is not from strangers, but from fully vetted and
         | trusted community members having some kind of psychological
         | event that leads them to bad actions.
         | 
         | The various entities working at McMurdo do pretty thorough pre-
         | deployment psych evals to try to catch the kinds of people who
         | would break vital equipment (think furnaces, or water-treatment
         | equipment or high-cost/one-of-a-kind research equipment) or
         | equipment necessary to fix vital equipment. But there's really
         | no guarantee until you're out there that any given person is
         | actually trustworthy. To say nothing of emergent psychological
         | events that would drive a person to do such a thing. And
         | anyway, the kind of person who _wants_ to go to Antarctica
         | frequently doesn 't conform to our expectations of what a well-
         | adjusted personality looks like. When your threat model is
         | "trustworthy community members who occasionally and
         | unpredictably become threats", you lock doors.
        
       | cryptonector wrote:
       | Interesting link at the bottom: https://brr.fyi/posts/mcmurdo-
       | automated-teller-machines
        
       | tragomaskhalos wrote:
       | Sites like this are exactly why the internet was invented.
        
         | ocdtrekkie wrote:
         | What's really nice is they have an RSS feed, so after one of
         | these posts showed up on HN a month or two ago, I've been
         | following all their posts since.
        
         | 082349872349872 wrote:
         | Therefore I try to stay in the tail:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturgeon's_law
        
       | hiidrew wrote:
       | I've been following this blog since someone posted it a few weeks
       | back. Aweosme reads imo, satisfies my childhood curiosity of
       | Antarctica and I appreciate all the photos he includes.
        
       | nxpnsv wrote:
       | One thing I learned from those doors was to dry my hands really
       | well after washing them, I froze to the handle a bunch of times
       | in the beginning...
        
       | irrational wrote:
       | When I hear McMurdo Station, I think of a single solitary
       | building with maybe a dozen people. I had no idea McMurdo was so
       | large with so many buildings! I spent a few minutes trying to
       | find a decent map of the entire station, but came up short.
        
         | Sharlin wrote:
         | Kim Stanley Robinson's _Antarctica_ , a twenty-minutes-into-
         | the-future ecothriller, is much recommended reading for anyone
         | who'd like to know more about McMurdo, the South Pole Station,
         | and about the history of Antarctica's exploration and its
         | geography and ecology. As is usually the case, KSR has
         | definitely done his homework. (Disclaimer: you might fall in
         | love with Antarctica, or at least develop a serious crush, as a
         | result of reading this novel.)
        
         | milliams wrote:
         | OSM seems to have it quite well mapped:
         | https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=-77.846323&mlon=166.6682...
        
           | c0nsumer wrote:
           | Of course, I wanted to know what "FSTP Snow School" was, but
           | garbage blogspam gives first-search-results like this:
           | https://mapcarta.com/N8759058406
           | 
           | <sigh>
        
             | foobarbecue wrote:
             | I can help! I went through it 7 times.
             | 
             | FSTP, prounounced "F-stop" like the camera setting, was the
             | "field safety training program" and basically it refers to
             | the group of mountaineers that the US Antarctic Program's
             | contractor hires to live in Antarctica and help out with
             | fieldwork. It also refers to the classes that they teach in
             | McMurdo.
             | 
             | Basic FSTP "snow school" used to be required for everyone
             | at McMurdo, and for many, it was the most fun thing you
             | would get to do the whole season. You would learn to set up
             | camp, cook, use radios, sleep out on the sea ice for one
             | night (in a tent, igloo, snow trench, depending on the year
             | and instructors).
             | 
             | I did a bunch of other FSTP-organized courses too,
             | including how to travel on sea ice, and some
             | mountaineering.
             | 
             | We had FSTP mountaineers with us up on Erebus and the joke
             | was "the F stops here."
             | 
             | I think it got renamed to something else in 2017 or so...
             | around when the BFC stopped referring to themselves as the
             | building fulla chicks...
        
         | vikingerik wrote:
         | You're thinking of South Pole Station. That's mostly one large
         | building for a few dozen people, and very photogenic for
         | snowbound isolation, so it's usually the picture used for
         | Antarctica articles.
         | 
         | (McMurdo is not at the south pole, it's on the coast near New
         | Zealand.) (Edit since I keep getting nitpicked - near in
         | relative terms, it's at NZ's longitude and closer to NZ than to
         | anywhere else.)
        
           | rufus_foreman wrote:
           | Near? It's 99 miles!
           | 
           | https://distcalculator.com/distance-between/106093/New-
           | Zeala...
           | 
           | "If average speed of your car will be standard for this route
           | between New Zealand and McMurdo, Antarctica and road
           | conditions will be as usual, time that you will need to
           | arrive to McMurdo, Antarctica will be 1 hour."
        
             | jkonline wrote:
             | I think distcalculator is buggy:
             | 
             | "Distance between New York, NY and Los Angeles, CA is 99
             | miles.
             | 
             | If average speed of your car will be standard for this
             | route between New York, NY and Los Angeles, CA and road
             | conditions will be as usual, time that you will need to
             | arrive to Los Angeles, CA will be 1 hour."
        
               | duskwuff wrote:
               | It appears to return "99 miles" for _any_ pair of
               | locations, even between a location and itself, or to
               | nonexistent locations (like  "Narnia").
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | That site is getting confused by New Zealand's _Antarctic_
             | Scott base.
             | 
             | NZ proper is about least 1,500 miles from Antarctica.
        
               | bacon_waffle wrote:
               | Scott Base is easy walking distance from McMurdo, not 99
               | miles (or 100 kilometers and 100 miles and 100 nautical
               | miles - that site is quite confused!).
               | 
               | Both are actually in New Zealand depending on the
               | purpose, due to the Ross Dependency[1]. For instance,
               | most of those folks in McMurdo station have longer NZ
               | visas than typical US tourists visiting NZ would get (3
               | months), because when they fly down to The Ice they're
               | not technically leaving the country.
               | 
               | An interesting corner case is when something happens at
               | one of the US stations in the Ross Dependency, which New
               | Zealand wants to investigate. The Rodney Marks death[2]
               | is a particularly well-known example.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_Dependency
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodney_Marks
        
           | billforsternz wrote:
           | I'm typing this in New Zealand at latitude 42 degrees south
           | (so about half way from the equator to the pole). So no, not
           | near NZ, a bit less than 1/8 of the circumstance of the Earth
           | away, maybe 1/10, more than 2000 miles.
        
           | irrational wrote:
           | That isn't what I was thinking of. I wasn't even aware there
           | was more than one research facility in Antarctica. I was
           | going purely off of the name.
        
             | vikingerik wrote:
             | That's what I meant - subconsciously you probably were
             | thinking of the base that is the South Pole Station, since
             | that's the one with more pictures of it and that's the
             | location where you'd intuitively expect an antarctic base
             | to be.
        
         | kioleanu wrote:
         | It's big enough that they have a bus to go around. It's called
         | Ivan the Terrabus.
        
       | pkaye wrote:
       | I know McMurdo station is getting a major overhaul so all these
       | doors will probably be replaced.
       | 
       | https://www.discovermagazine.com/environment/antarcticas-agi...
        
         | mlindner wrote:
         | Makes sense. Some of these doors the latches look close to
         | breaking with door jambs that have partially been eaten away by
         | use.
        
         | sgt wrote:
         | Can they be replaced by Star Trek like doors that go..
         | TSHHHHHH... ? A friend is asking.
        
           | akiselev wrote:
           | Be careful what you wish for cause you'll accidentally get
           | doors with one of those ghastly Genuine People Personalities.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-12-15 23:00 UTC)