[HN Gopher] Did insurance fire brigades let uninsured buildings ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Did insurance fire brigades let uninsured buildings burn?
        
       Author : zinekeller
       Score  : 293 points
       Date   : 2022-12-19 16:09 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.tomscott.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.tomscott.com)
        
       | nerdponx wrote:
       | I didn't realize this was even an assertion that people made at
       | all.
       | 
       | It doesn't make a lot of sense to me. People at the time must
       | have known that fires in cities were extremely dangerous because
       | they could spread over a great area. It's logical that insurers
       | would want to work together to prevent _all_ fires, purely out of
       | self-interest to protect their insured properties, and then sue
       | the pants off negligent and /or uninsured property owners after
       | each near-miss.
       | 
       | The paper in TFA says as much, but it's weird to me that people
       | would uncritically accept the proposed narrative in the first
       | place.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | _> It doesn 't make a lot of sense to me._
         | 
         | Consider the following:
         | 
         | * The first Fire Brigade, in Rome, was established by someone
         | who would insist on buying your building before extinguishing
         | the fire [1]
         | 
         | * In the present day, you can live in an unincorporated area,
         | decline fire protection offers from the county and from your
         | insurer, and the fire brigade won't come out if you have a fire
         | [2]
         | 
         | * The article provides 11 different sources for the apparently
         | incorrect claim London's insurance fire brigades circa-1700 let
         | uninsured buildings burn.
         | 
         | Personally I find it quite easy to understand why people might
         | believe the incorrect claim.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Licinius_Crassus#Rise_t...
         | [2] https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/wbna39516346
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | The Rome thing may or may not be true.
           | 
           | It's quite possible it is true, but we are a long way from
           | any direct evidence that it was generally the case.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Half the things we know about famous Romans come from
             | writings that were attacking or making fun of them, and
             | some are pretty clearly satire or jokes.
        
         | pifm_guy wrote:
         | But then what is the incentive for anyone to get coverage if
         | they know that any fires will be put out regardless...?
         | 
         | Unless the fire service is paired with insurance covering the
         | cost of a rebuild? But I don't think the original fire services
         | offered that.
        
           | cuteboy19 wrote:
           | It's similar to how hospitals are required to save you if you
           | are dying but at the same time you are still on the hook for
           | any and all costs incurred
        
             | pifm_guy wrote:
             | It could be... But were the laws that way in 17th century
             | England?
             | 
             | I suspect not, because property ownership in England used
             | to be secret - ie. Even the government may not have known
             | who owned land. And if you don't know who owns it, who must
             | pay the bill?
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | It is covered in the article; the free-rider problem was a
           | problem, in London eventually the fire-brigades appear to
           | have basically convinced the city to buy them because they
           | couldn't solve it.
        
           | alex028502 wrote:
           | > Furthermore, only buildings were insured - neither their
           | contents, nor the lives of their occupants, were covered.
           | 
           | Yeah it sounds to me from the article like the insurance was
           | for the rebuild, and the firefighting was something the
           | insurance company did to reduce their payouts.
           | 
           | So I imagine if you didn't have insurance, you still were at
           | more risk than if you did, similar to now, because the fire
           | dept isn't going to save everything every time.
        
           | ars wrote:
           | > But then what is the incentive for anyone to get coverage
           | if they know that any fires will be put out regardless...?
           | 
           | The coverage is apparently to pay for damages. It's not fire
           | insurance, it's property insurance, in case of fire.
        
           | constantcrying wrote:
           | There are rational reasons to reduce risk, even if it isn't
           | some game theoretic optimum. One can easily imagine that
           | certain owners either were concerned about an increased risk
           | of fire or high damages in such an event and we're willing to
           | bear the costs.
           | 
           | The incentives are very clear, if nobody does it, no fire
           | brigades will exist. (I can also imagine other reasons, e g.
           | membership might have been required by some law or by
           | association.) And in the end every fire which is extinguished
           | is a fire which didn't spread.
           | 
           | Just some little aside, today there are people who do
           | firefighting _for free_. What are the incentives for that?
        
         | sircastor wrote:
         | > The paper in TFA says as much, but it's weird to me that
         | people would uncritically accept the proposed narrative in the
         | first place.
         | 
         | That's the point though. In spite of the logical and practical
         | evaluation, there was evidence from multiple, trusted sources
         | that said otherwise. And history is full of people doing dumb
         | things and making bad decisions, so why not this one too?
         | 
         | Also, it's self-affirming - "Look at us! We've got problems,
         | but at least we know well enough to fight fires when there is
         | one, despite money problems"
        
       | jtlienwis wrote:
       | Maritime Law had a provision for salvors that saved ships in
       | distress from sinking. If a salvor saved a ship from sinking,
       | they were entitled to a percentage of the worth of a ship. Maybe
       | terrestrial law needs something similar in the case of uninsured
       | building on fire.
        
         | turtledragonfly wrote:
         | With private fire brigades, there was sometimes a monetary
         | reward for being first to the scene. Sounds like a good
         | incentive, right? But it resulted in competition between
         | companies, to the point that they would sabotage each other.
         | The article itself has some examples, and there are similar
         | ones from United States' history.
         | 
         | I imagine some similar issues have happened at sea, but it
         | seems harder to take advantage of and make profit on, since it
         | probably wasn't too common for ships with expensive cargo to
         | sink. And even if they did, it would be hard to guarantee
         | getting there in time. Whereas in a city, fires are a pretty
         | regular occurrence.
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | We probably have better financial structures in 2022 than that,
         | like insurance (or taxes that fund professional firefighting,
         | like NYC).
         | 
         | Besides: it isn't clear we should _incentivize_ untrained
         | professionals to run into burning buildings. Ships are somewhat
         | unique in that the people who are saving you are _also_
         | sailors, and are presumably at least minimally qualified to
         | help another ship in distress.
        
           | horsawlarway wrote:
           | There's no reason you can't limit the reward to registered
           | groups (ex: existing fire departments).
        
         | horsawlarway wrote:
         | I actually think this makes the most sense.
         | 
         | At least in the US - most areas assess the value of the
         | structure and the value of the land separately.
         | 
         | I'd be in favor of providing a lien on the existing title in
         | the amount of the structure's value (or some relatively high
         | percentage of it, maybe depending on how much is salvaged by
         | the firefighters) if the fire department puts out an uninsured
         | building.
         | 
         | There's no reason to let it burn - it's a waste of resources,
         | big source of pollutants, and a risk to neighboring areas. But
         | I also think you can't reward property owners for taking a
         | gamble that their property won't catch on fire.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | Or, god forbid, protect the general welfare of the population
           | of Yahoo County by having a fire service?
           | 
           | The government has the ability to tax for such services. As a
           | partner who own a piece of a rental property in a ex-urban
           | town, the volunteer fire company levies a tax that amounts to
           | $300/year (based on valuation) which covers 2-3 towns with
           | fire, ems and paramedic services.
        
             | horsawlarway wrote:
             | Sure - but that doesn't cover the cases where we clearly
             | have folks who do not pay, or regions that vote in ways to
             | clearly place no priority on those shared services.
             | 
             | And in your case - the results are actually very similar
             | (What do you think happens when you fail to pay your
             | city/county taxes? A lien on your title happens...)
             | 
             | So again - I'm all for creating shared services and paying
             | for them, but some folks aren't. In those cases I'd still
             | rather not see people's homes burn (for all sorts of
             | reasons) and this is a meaningful incentive to put the home
             | out.
        
               | linuxdude314 wrote:
               | There shouldn't need to be any external incentive aside
               | from it being the firefighters job.
               | 
               | There seems to be a lot of people on this site that think
               | life is fair.
               | 
               | Is it fair that you paid for firefighting and your
               | neighbor didn't but still had their house saved during a
               | fire?
               | 
               | Arguably no, but that is completely irrelevant as it is
               | still in the greater public interest for the fire to be
               | put out.
               | 
               | There's a certain childish aspect about caring about
               | fairness in these types of situations as opposed to what
               | is right and moral.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The problem comes when the only government is the county -
             | it may simply be impractical to have a firefighting crew
             | that can reach anything in a reasonable amount of time.
             | (There are sparse counties in the US that can't be crossed
             | by a firefighting helicopter in less than 60 minutes).
        
             | sethhochberg wrote:
             | https://cpb-
             | us-w2.wpmucdn.com/sites.udel.edu/dist/4/10696/fi...
             | 
             | Voters in the county in question did eventually approve
             | "universal" fire response, either small prepaid fee or
             | post-paid full cost after response, but it sounds as though
             | they won't consider converting the fees into standard taxes
             | until 70% of residents have opted in to protection. Quite a
             | few people who live and vote there seemingly have no
             | interest in fire service.
        
         | gusgus01 wrote:
         | Interestingly, something similar happens with maritime law as
         | to what was alluded to in the article and in this post. Similar
         | to the competition and chaos caused by "First to respond and
         | put it out", certain salvage companies will ignore Coast Guard
         | warnings that a boat is already accounted for, that the
         | insurance company has already hired a salvage company to
         | reclaim the boat, and instead other salvage companies will try
         | to hurry out to the boat and claim it. Similar to the Terry
         | Pratchett quote, salvage companies will fortuitously find that
         | your boat detached from a mooring ball and drifted to sea if
         | it's left unmanned for long periods of time.
         | 
         | So while a pretty good system, it's not without its flaws and
         | perverse incentives.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | Clearly, the fundamental argument here is about private provision
       | of services vs. public provision of services. Is the optimal fire
       | protection service one based on private subscriber payment to
       | firefighters or a publicly (taxpayer or other government revenue-
       | funded) operated fire department?
       | 
       | The best IMO way to view this is to first clarify whether or not
       | that service falls into the 'natural monopoly' category, at least
       | when it comes to basic provision of services. That category is
       | defined by having a lack of meaningful or feasible competition,
       | i.e. would multiple competing services result in a better outcome
       | than a single state-run service would?
       | 
       | My view is that provision of fire and police services, health
       | care and education services, water, electricity and fiber optic
       | connectivity service, as well as the maintenance of roads, etc.
       | generally fall into the natural monopoly sector, with caveats:
       | 
       | 1) People should be able to augment basic services however they
       | wish, to they extent they can afford. One can purchase a fire
       | engine and a water tank and keep it on one's property, for
       | example. Private security guards can be hired to augment police
       | protection. One can hire a home nurse and expensive medical
       | equipment, etc. Private tutors can be hired to augment a child's
       | education.
       | 
       | 2) State-run services should have competitive processes built in
       | - i.e. we may have a public fire department, but the manufacture
       | and sale of fire-fighting equipment is a competitive business and
       | should not be monopolized, etc. Corruption in the form of fire
       | officials giving preferential contracts to sub-par manufacturers
       | in exchange for bribes should be a serious criminal activity,
       | etc.
        
         | jasonhansel wrote:
         | > People should be able to augment basic services however they
         | wish, to they extent they can afford.
         | 
         | Here's the problem with such schemes. Often both the providers
         | and the customers of "augmenting services" will have an
         | incentive to hollow out the state-provided service until it's
         | substandard.
         | 
         | For instance, let's say the government provides "basic" health
         | insurance but allows private plans. Then the providers of
         | private plans will lobby the government to keep the "basic"
         | service as low-quality as possible, so that people are
         | incentivized to buy the private plans. Furthermore, those who
         | purchase private plans will not personally benefit much from
         | the state-provided scheme, so they will have little interest in
         | its success and little desire to subsidize it.
         | 
         | In the worst case, the result is that the state-run service
         | becomes permanently low-quality. Then people attribute this to
         | public-sector inefficiency and say that "obviously" the free
         | market would do a better job. Then the state-provided service
         | gets abolished when it never had a chance to succeed.
        
       | leetrout wrote:
       | And here we are in modern times where we do, indeed, let
       | buildings burn.
       | 
       | > No pay, no spray: Firefighters let home burn
       | 
       | > Firefighters in rural Tennessee let a home burn to the ground
       | because the homeowner hadn't paid a $75 fee.
       | 
       | https://www.nbcnews.com/news/amp/wbna39516346
        
         | alex028502 wrote:
         | > South Fulton's mayor said that the fire department can't let
         | homeowners pay the fee on the spot, because the only people who
         | would pay would be those whose homes are on fire.
        
           | alex028502 wrote:
           | oops - by the time I recovered my password to post this
           | excerpt, lots of other people already had
        
           | alex028502 wrote:
           | There must be a price that the fire department could
           | theoretically charge if they were gonna always charge on the
           | spot, and still make a profit, as long as there is some
           | minimum number of fires.
           | 
           | Also it says that this TN guy had insurance. I wonder if it
           | would have been worth his insurance company's while to make
           | sure that $75 was always paid, either by paying it
           | themselves, or making him pay it, or paying it and sending
           | him the bill, and somehow making it a condition.. to protect
           | themselves from having to pay out... as the London article is
           | about insurance companies starting fire brigades themselves
           | for that very reason
        
             | asddubs wrote:
             | sounds like a good way to encourage arson
        
             | ghufran_syed wrote:
             | How would you deal with the credit risk? or are you
             | assuming that the homeowner has arbitrary amounts of cash,
             | at hand, but somehow _not_ in the burning house?
        
               | FinnKuhn wrote:
               | I guess they have a house wich could account for some of
               | that credit risk?
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | A house that now requires tens of thousands of dollars of
               | repairs.
        
               | jahewson wrote:
               | Not once it's on fire.
        
             | systems_glitch wrote:
             | Don't know how it works there, but the bank through which
             | we have our home loan requires insurance, payment of
             | property taxes, etc. and to ensure all that actually
             | happens it's done through an escrow account. We pay one
             | bill to the bank every month, they handle the rest. Seems
             | like a solid way to make sure these kinda things don't
             | happen, and then we can't forget something like the
             | property tax, which happens every six months.
             | 
             | Back on the farm, which is 30 minutes from the nearest fire
             | brigade, one does have to pay to opt-in for fire service.
             | They still answer the phone if you're not on the list.
             | You're also strongly encouraged to have a pond or cistern
             | near anything you want saved. I don't know if the farm's
             | mortgage required payment of that fee, but I do know we
             | were given insurance discounts _for_ having ponds near the
             | houses and barn.
             | 
             | I do know of one case of a particularly belligerent
             | property owner who refused to pay, had fires, still
             | wouldn't pay, etc. who did eventually wind up with
             | firefighters watching his property burn. Hard to really
             | feel bad about something like that.
        
             | fatbird wrote:
             | The FD had tried retroactively charging for fire services,
             | but then spent more on collections than they'd collect.
             | People living in the unincorporated part of the county were
             | usually trying to pay as little as possible for anything.
             | Three times they voted down taxes to fund fire services
             | generally.
             | 
             | Not to mention the question of duress when the FD shows up
             | and says "sign this and we'll put out the fire."
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | A friend of mine lived in a rural town with a weird mistake in
         | its code, that let him build at the top of an extremely steep
         | grade. The town said, legally we can't stop you (though they
         | immediately fixed the code) but there's no way a fire truck can
         | get up your driveway. Sure enough, his large detached shed with
         | vintage cars in it went up in smoke, and the firefighters tried
         | but couldn't get their truck up there.
        
         | Am4TIfIsER0ppos wrote:
         | Money can be exchanged for goods and services. If you want your
         | house extinguished then pay for it.
        
           | grecy wrote:
           | In developed countries that's where our tax dollars go.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | One example in a nation of 330,000,000 is not indicative of any
         | sort of systemic problem or of what "we" do.
        
         | red_phone wrote:
         | I grew up in a poor, rural area of the US and can attest that
         | it's true... if you didn't pay the fee (and affix the requisite
         | metal sign below your mailbox) you were on your own in the
         | event of a fire.
         | 
         | At that time and place, fire protection wasn't considered a
         | public service unless you lived in town. I never heard anyone
         | question the arrangement and there was little appetite in that
         | era for the tax increase that would've been required to provide
         | universal protection.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | That depends on which rural area. I've lived in several rural
           | areas, and we always had automatic fire service provided by
           | the township, it was just another required tax line item.
           | Normally they contracted with the nearest town (I know in one
           | case the township legally owned half the town fire department
           | and paid half the costs, the others I don't know what the
           | details were, just that there was service from the nearest
           | town). I know of townships that don't contract with a nearby
           | town - but then they go in with other rural townships to form
           | a fire department (generally volunteer - farmers sometimes
           | got a call to leave the tractor and fight a fire)
        
             | db48x wrote:
             | Townships only exist in New Jersey and Pennsylvania; most
             | of the rest have counties. As you say, it varies from place
             | to place; any of them could start a fire service if the
             | residents vote for it and fund it via local taxes.
        
               | mbg721 wrote:
               | Ohio has townships within its counties; they serve as a
               | catch-all for areas that aren't otherwise incorporated as
               | cities/villages, and that can make a big difference for
               | local property tax and services.
        
         | supertrope wrote:
         | https://www.wkms.org/government-politics/2012-03-15/south-fu...
        
         | yardie wrote:
         | This story still makes the rounds, and the result is still the
         | same. The family chose to live in unincorporated land. They
         | turned down fire protection when the county offered it to them.
         | They turned down fire protection when their insurer offered it
         | to them. The fire department did what was required to save
         | lives. Insurance can take care of the rest...oh, that's right.
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | Hmmmm. I mean, yes, but doctors will still save your life
           | even if you declined to buy any insurance all life long or
           | pay taxes or whatever. I'm not sure I want the same "protect
           | at all costs" attitude extended to buildings, but fire can
           | definitely spread and even if they don't care about your
           | property they might care about other places.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _fire can definitely spread and even if they don 't care
             | about your property they might care about other places_
             | 
             | They protected the neighbouring property.
        
             | ghufran_syed wrote:
             | Not true. An _emergency_ department in the US is obligated
             | to provide life-saving care, as are EMS services and
             | hospital doctors _if_ the ER doc thinks you have an
             | _immediately_ life threatening condition . But a random
             | oncologist has no obligation to treat you if you have a
             | life-threatening cancer, _unless_ you go to an ER and they
             | determine that your condition is immediately life-
             | threatening (say, a perforated bowel). Then the surgeon
             | _will_ treat you enough that you are not _inmediately_
             | dying, but they are not obligated to say, remove an
             | underlying cancer if it's not causing immediately life
             | threatening problems
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | yamtaddle wrote:
             | > Hmmmm. I mean, yes, but doctors will still save your life
             | even if you declined to buy any insurance all life long or
             | pay taxes or whatever.
             | 
             | ERs in the US are required to provide stabilizing care to
             | patients who come in, even if the patient can't pay, by
             | law. It's a law because otherwise some of them wouldn't.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | It's also a Reagan law. So you can say that it was Reagan
               | that introduced universal healthcare to the US.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Eh, kinda, but it's not like you can walk into an ER with
               | just _any_ condition and get treated for free. You 've
               | got to be having pretty serious problems before they're
               | required to do anything about it, and even then they're
               | not required to fully treat you, just get you stable.
        
               | Kkoala wrote:
               | Imagine thinking that mandatory stabilizing emergency
               | care means "universal healthcare"
               | 
               | I hope that was a joke
        
               | superpatosainz wrote:
               | That's not what universal healthcare means.
        
             | citilife wrote:
             | Then you protect the insured buildings, not really sure why
             | it's an issue?
             | 
             | The same logic could apply to police... what if all the
             | crime is coming from an unincorporated part of town? Do you
             | just go and start policing it (kind of like an invading
             | army occupying)? Or do you erect borders / station patrol
             | cars near key locations?
        
               | db48x wrote:
               | You call the county sheriff. Sheriffs and courts were the
               | original reason why counties exist, and why there aren't
               | any parts of the country that exist outside of a county,
               | while there are quite a lot of people living outside of
               | any incorporated city.
        
               | tedunangst wrote:
               | Usual response is the city annexes the land and starts
               | policing it.
        
             | chadash wrote:
             | But people complain about this too. No one seriously talks
             | about not treating people in the ER with gun wounds, but
             | Obamacare explicitly introduced the mandate that you get
             | insurance or pay a penalty to address this very issue.
             | Everyone is entitled to a basic level of care, but the
             | mandate says that you should have to pay for it.
        
               | someweirdperson wrote:
               | "Gun wound" as in a wound caused by (actively) using a
               | gun, or a bullet wound, typically caused by someone else
               | using a gun? I could understand the former (like
               | excluding accidents while skiing, skydiving, whatever),
               | but excluding the latter seem pretty cynical.
        
               | dmoy wrote:
               | The vast majority of gun wounds in the US are purposeful
               | crimes or suicides
               | 
               | For deaths, there's maybe 300 accidental deaths, 10,000 -
               | 15,000 homicides, and like 60,000 suicides. Non-death
               | injuries scale similarly, with the caveat that like 6,000
               | ish people per year try to kill themselves with a gun and
               | fail, but still injure themselves.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | The Obamacare penalty for not buying insurance was
               | eliminated by Trump, because reintroducing the free rider
               | problem is a cornerstone of GOP health policy.
               | 
               | Reinstating the penalty is going to cost political
               | goodwill, which is why the Dems aren't doing it.
               | 
               | Regardless of whether the penalty is or is not in place,
               | I wouldn't recommend being poor and sick, regardless of
               | whether you are insured, or are freeloading.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | It wasn't the Trump administration but the 5th Circuit
               | Court of Appeals which struck down the mandate as
               | unconstitutional and being liberal and a supporter of
               | health care reform I think they had a point. I can't see
               | in the constitution where the federal government has the
               | power to force me to buy health insurance. I like my
               | constitutional rights being protected even when the thing
               | being compelled (me having insurance) is a good idea. It
               | means that things which are not quite so good of ideas
               | have less chance of being forced on me later.
        
               | jjeaff wrote:
               | The plaintiffs in the case were several gop attorney
               | generals. Related cases were also carried out by the
               | Trump admin. And several courts had previously upheld
               | that the ACA was constitutional because it does not force
               | you to buy health insurance. It actually just imposed a
               | fine if you didn't and that fine was considered a tax,
               | which Congress has constitutional authority to levy. The
               | GOP forum shopped to get in front of a rubber stamp
               | republican judge.
               | 
               | Additionally, the whole point of these cases was not
               | simply to get rid of the penalty. The idea was to get rid
               | of the penalty so they could go back to the supreme court
               | and again claim that the mandate is unconstitutional
               | because now there is no "tax" associated with it.
               | 
               | I don't know where things are at now, but it seems
               | unlikely to go anywhere now because it would be difficult
               | to argue that buying insurance is required at all at this
               | point. So we are left with the backup gop strategy of
               | hoping that disarming the mandate will simply bankrupt
               | the program. At least until republican voters wake up and
               | realize that the program is miles better than what we had
               | before.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | I likewise do not approve of the Feds expanding their
               | powers arbitrarily by declaring the punishment for
               | whatever they wouldn't otherwise be allowed to enforce "a
               | tax". Calling the insurance mandate constitutional
               | because the punishment was a "tax" was abusing the intent
               | of the law.
        
               | generj wrote:
               | If you worried about fines being used to deter activities
               | society doesn't want, and that fine money being collected
               | as tax revenue, you are at least 200 years too late.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | It's pointless to try to draw a distinction here, because
               | you can re-frame the exact same behavior several
               | different ways, some of which are already common, so it
               | doesn't represent any expansion of power. Like, raise
               | taxes by that much and give people with insurance a
               | credit for it, but not those without insurance. Done. No
               | "worse" than e.g. child tax credits, as far as
               | constitutionality. Insisting that the law do some
               | particular word-dance to get to the exact same place
               | isn't productive and doesn't defend liberty.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Trump's government repealed the individual mandate
               | penalty, and then the court ruled ruled that in it's new
               | form, it no longer qualified as a tax and was
               | unconstitutional. (Not that this meant anything, since
               | the legality of a fee of $0 doesn't matter.)
               | 
               | The court case as a whole argued that because the GOP
               | changed the ACA in a manner that made part of it (the $0
               | fee) illegal, the entirety of the ACA should be made
               | illegal.
               | 
               | The fifth circuit agreed with some of the arguments in
               | the case (the fee one), but did not practically change
               | anything about the ACA.
               | 
               | And then SCOTUS, surprising ~everyone, ruled that
               | actually the whole of the ACA is constitutional.
               | 
               | Look at this timeline, and you tell me - who spent years
               | trying to re-introduce the free rider problem, and to
               | break the ACA? Congress, the president, and the plaintiff
               | states... or the fifth circuit, which when presented with
               | a singular, narrow question, ruled that a $0 fee
               | (whatever that is) isn't a tax?
               | 
               | Now, as of 2022, we are in a world where the ACA has been
               | thoroughly litigated, and is still here, with the free
               | rider problem hanging like a millstone over its neck.
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | calling insurance a tax is about as strong an indication
               | of regulatory capture as I can think of.
               | 
               | It should have never been a tax specifically because it's
               | an unconstitutional act. Calling it a tax is the letter
               | vs the spirit of the constitution.
               | 
               | If you and others like yourself want to ensure everyone
               | has health insurance then __make it mandatory for the
               | state to pay for it__. Anything else and you're just
               | taxing the poor for being poor.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > it's an unconstitutional act.
               | 
               | That is an interesting opinion, but at this point, both a
               | conservative, and then a super-conservative, packed-with-
               | federalist-society SCOTUS has disagreed with you twice on
               | this issue (5-4) and then (7-2). It's about as written-
               | in-stone as you can get in the United States.
               | 
               | The courts think this is above-board, the executive
               | thinks this is above-board, most of the public thinks its
               | above-board, it's safe to say its above-board.
        
               | mbg721 wrote:
               | As I recall, the whole "call the penalty a tax" thing was
               | Roberts' tortured justification for allowing it in the
               | 5-4 vote. Nobody ever really believed it was a tax.
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | Slavery was also considered above-board at one point,
               | so...
               | 
               | lets not use that as justification, shall we?
               | 
               | carrying private service X is required for you to exist
               | in the united states. If you don't pay for X, you get
               | fined Y as a punishment.
               | 
               | yep, I'm sure the powers-that-be considering that above-
               | board should be the only justification we need!
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > Slavery was also considered above-board at one point,
               | so...
               | 
               | It was also perfectly constitutional[0], hence the need
               | for that 13th amendment. And that civil war thing. As it
               | turns out, the constitution kind of sucks[0], it has a
               | lot of problems with it. Fewer than it did in the past,
               | but we aren't quite at the end of history just yet.
               | 
               | You're going to need a better complaint than 'it's
               | unconstitutional', as this is pretty verifiably
               | constitutional. The people who have been empowered[1] by
               | the founding fathers to determine what is, and what is
               | not constitutional have determined that this is
               | constitutional. It's not a matter of opinion at this
               | point.
               | 
               | > carrying private service X is required for you to exist
               | in the united states.
               | 
               | And that's nothing new. Government can compel all sorts
               | of things from you. Showing up to contribute your labour
               | to a jury duty. Involuntary servitude in the military.
               | Taxing the land you live on. Following emergency orders.
               | Not heading a communist political movement. Every society
               | - even this society - provides you with privileges, and
               | requires obligations from you.
               | 
               | This obligation has been ruled to be well within the
               | legal framework of this society, and if you think it
               | should be outside that legal framework, you should look
               | into passing a constitutional amendment on the subject.
               | 
               | Or, you could believe that this obligation is a
               | constitutional, but bad idea, and have the legislature
               | repeal it. Either way, it's currently constitutional. [0]
               | 
               | [0] You're confusing 'constitutional' with 'just'. They
               | are not the same thing.
               | 
               | [1] Actually, SCOTUS' powers in this sphere are what's
               | unconstitutional[2], but we all close our eyes, and
               | collectively pretend that they are.
               | 
               | [2] You're not going to find anything in either the
               | constitution, or passed legislature granting SCOTUS the
               | incredibly broad powers it currently enjoys. These powers
               | were invented out of thin air, and are backed by neither
               | fiat, nor democratic will. All that the constitution says
               | on the subject is 'We should, like, probably have courts.
               | That should do stuff, maybe.'
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | stop tilting at windmills,
               | 
               | the question is whether or not the government can force
               | you to pay for a __PRIVATE__ service just for
               | __EXISTING__ within the borders of the US.
               | 
               | There is __NO PRECEDENT__ for this. The closest you can
               | get are things like car insurance where you're required
               | to carry insurance in order to drive on US roads. You can
               | choose not to drive, you cannot choose to "not exist".
               | 
               | That puts this into an entirely different category. The
               | fact that it originally got rationalized as a tax opens a
               | whole different can of worms. Good luck refusing to pay
               | taxes.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | I agree with you, but the "tax" is the penalty for not
               | having health insurance. The health insurance itself
               | isn't considered a tax.
        
               | djbebs wrote:
               | There is no free rider problem.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Elimination of pre-existing condition exclusions, and
               | restrictions on which factors can be used to set pricing
               | for policies--both wildly popular--create a free rider
               | problem.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | Funny how it's a problem only in the "richest country in
               | the world".
               | 
               | It also pales in comparison to the burden and costs of
               | existing system in the US.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Well, right, because most other advanced-economy states
               | require you to carry insurance (more-or-less the solution
               | we _were_ going for, before the penalty for failing to
               | have insurance was eliminated) or cover everyone under a
               | government-provided healthcare scheme of one sort or
               | another.
               | 
               | If your point is just that the US healthcare system is
               | far more-broken than most, and in some unique ways, all
               | for no good reason--sure, yeah, of course that's true.
        
               | jjeaff wrote:
               | Of course there is. You aren't denied service at a
               | hospital even if you don't have health insurance. That is
               | a free rider problem.
        
               | mhalle wrote:
               | The Reagan administration, I believe, imposed the
               | unfunded mandate on emergency rooms to treat patients
               | using EMTALA: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Med
               | ical_Treatment_an...
               | 
               | This mandate makes sense from a moral point of view,
               | especially for true emergency situations. However, the
               | act didn't take care of the cost of care, which was
               | placed on hospitals and ultimately passed on to other
               | patients and the government. Obamacare attempted to
               | address this issue.
               | 
               | EMTALA also distorted US healthcare be redirecting poorer
               | people to expensive emergency care rather than preventive
               | or primary care, which might well serve many of their
               | needs better. That's also something that Obamacare was
               | designed to fix.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | https://healthcostinstitute.org/emergency-room/ouch-new-
               | data...
               | 
               | $80 billion of 3.4 trillion. A rounding error.
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | it's fire, if they're ever not doing it with the same
               | fervor then we have a problem.
               | 
               | It's one thing to declare something too dangerous and
               | work on containment, but what's being described here
               | isn't that.
        
             | yardie wrote:
             | They will save your life. They won't treat your trick knee,
             | erectile dysfunction, or failing vision. And they
             | eventually put it out to prevent it spreading. Just not
             | with the same fervor of preventing property damage.
        
               | flutas wrote:
               | > And they eventually put it out to prevent it spreading.
               | 
               | Reading the article, that's not true.
               | 
               | They watered down the fence line to protect someone
               | else's land.
               | 
               | > Firefighters did eventually show up, but only to fight
               | the fire on the neighboring property, whose owner had
               | paid the fee.
               | 
               | > "They put water out on the fence line out here. They
               | never said nothing to me. Never acknowledged. They stood
               | out here and watched it burn," Cranick said.
               | 
               | So to your examples...
               | 
               | > They will save your life. They won't treat your trick
               | knee, erectile dysfunction, or failing vision.
               | 
               | It would be closer to the story if it was "they won't
               | save you, but they'll spray down everyone else with a
               | disinfectant to protect them from your disease."
        
               | monkmartinez wrote:
               | Funny, we get called for much less than a hurt knee and
               | failing vision via 911 every day. I don't have a choice
               | other to send them to the ER if that is what they want. I
               | recently went to a call where the young man thought he
               | took too much "extenze"... Long story short, we checked
               | vitals and asked if he wanted to be seen at ER for
               | further evaluation. "Nah man, I got work to do now...
               | just thought I was gonna die for a second." Anxiety and
               | Panic... number one call type.
        
               | rhacker wrote:
               | My wife called for me because I accidentally drank my
               | mouthwash. I couldn't speak and technically couldn't
               | breath for a minute. And I would have been fine, but the
               | bottle said to call poison control (or something - this
               | was 10 years back) if ingested. So my wife called while I
               | was wheezing. By the time the ambulance arrived I was
               | totally fine... sorry about that too
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | They will evaluate you and give you a ride home if you
               | are indigent. There are places where it's not uncommon to
               | call 911 for a runny nose or whatever, request ER care,
               | and get the medicab home.
        
               | smnrchrds wrote:
               | > _They will save your life. They won 't treat your trick
               | knee, erectile dysfunction, or failing vision._
               | 
               | I thought in the US, hospitals were only required to
               | stabilize, not treat, non-paying patients. For example,
               | if someone has cancer, they are not required to perform
               | surgery or chemotherapy, just stabilize their symptoms at
               | the moment.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | Saving burning buildings with no people in them is still a
             | risk to the firefighters' lives. Why go through that when
             | the owners explicitly declined the protection repeatedly?
        
             | zehaeva wrote:
             | This actually hasn't always been the case.
             | 
             | In fact Hospitals were not required to treat you until
             | 1986, which was part of the COBRA act.
             | 
             | Prior to that there was a large practice of "Patient
             | Dumping" where a hospital would kick you out if they found
             | out they you couldn't pay for your treatment. Hospitals in
             | the US would literally let you die out side the ER doors.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Medical_Treatment_a
             | n...
        
             | LorenPechtel wrote:
             | No. Hospitals will do what they have to *against immediate
             | threats*. They will not do what's needed in the bigger
             | picture if they are not paid. You don't get the
             | chemotherapy etc if you can't pay.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | Sort of.
             | 
             | They will save you from an acute emergency, stabilize you,
             | then dump you into a care home with inadequate care or to
             | the street as appropriate, where you play the long game of
             | succumbing to whatever ails you.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Going by the linked article, they did care about
             | neighboring property (whose owner paid the fee in advance),
             | so they controlled the spread.
        
             | fatbird wrote:
             | The municipal fire department's insurer told them that they
             | would not cover injuries sustained while fighting fires on
             | uninsured homes, which was the final straw for the fire
             | department.
             | 
             | The FD had tried for years to find a workable solution and
             | failed because the people in the unincorporated part of the
             | county _just didn 't want to pay for fire services_. IIRC,
             | the county had tried three times in the previous decade to
             | pass taxes to either fund the municipal FD or set up their
             | own; three times the residents of the unincorporated part
             | voted against it. The FD had tried retroactively charging
             | owners, and spent more on collections than they'd earn.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | Doctors will save your life, not your property. It's the
             | exact same in this case.
        
             | LarryMullins wrote:
             | > _I mean, yes, but doctors will still save your life even
             | if you declined to buy any insurance all life long or pay
             | taxes or whatever_
             | 
             | So will firefighters. They'll save your life to the best of
             | their ability, no matter any contracts, payments, taxes,
             | etc.
             | 
             | Saving your house is another matter.
        
               | monkmartinez wrote:
               | Number one priority on any emergency scene. Life
               | safety... my crew comes first, but I have taken some
               | serious risk to save people. Once the humans and animals
               | are safe, everything else is less concerning. Risk a lot
               | to save a lot. Most "things" can be replaced. My crew
               | takes great pride in saving homeowners animals these days
               | as we now have some tools to help post smoke/heat
               | exposure (Cyanokit and O2).
        
               | flandish wrote:
               | Adding a second reply with same sentiment. I am also a
               | firefighter, and my main "assignment" over the years has
               | been search/rescue.
               | 
               | We'll always risk to reward. But more and more the phase
               | after life saving is trending toward "surround and drown"
               | - not that I want to fight like detroit in the 2010's,
               | but yes we do make a call sometimes to stop risking when
               | lives are all confirmed safe.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | There's also a point where a structure is a total loss
               | even if the "damage doesn't look so bad from out here" at
               | which point letting it burn as long as other buildings
               | aren't in danger may be the safest thing to do.
        
               | elliottkember wrote:
               | Thank you (both) for your service to the community.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Coming from a poor "uncivilized" country, while now
               | living in an "uncivilized" Arab country with barbaric
               | laws, what the f** is even this? I thought that taxes
               | were supposed to pay for basic neighborhood services,
               | including fire, police and emergency services?
               | 
               | Did capitalism hit America so hard that they kicked them
               | back to the Roman Era (yes, I'm referring to Crassus
               | here)?
        
               | munificent wrote:
               | I suspect you would find services limited in the middle
               | of the Arabian desert as well.
               | 
               | The United States is enormous and many parts of it are
               | incredibly sparsely populated. For example, Niobrara
               | County in Wyoming has a population of 2,467 and an area
               | of 6,810 km^2, or a population density of 0.36/km^2.
               | 
               | For comparison, the Northern Borders province, the least
               | dense province in Saudi Arabia, has as population density
               | of 3.4/km^2, almost ten times more people per square
               | kilometer.
               | 
               | People outside of the US really have no idea how empty
               | much of the country is. I think there's an assumption
               | that just because much of the land is livable (i.e. not
               | desert, bare rock, etc.), it must occupied. But that's
               | simply not the case here.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | I think there is a difference between a remote place that
               | is difficult to access and a place that is not entitled
               | to use public firefighters' service. IMHO the former has
               | no bearing on the latter.
               | 
               | I am not judging the way things work in the US, just
               | commenting that I don't think that population density is
               | relevant here as the issue is one of right.
               | 
               | Now, of course, if you live 100 miles from the nearest
               | town it may well take hours for the police or
               | firefighters to show up when you call them. That's
               | another issue.
               | 
               | Edit: I must have written something offensive without
               | realising it...
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Much of the Midwest is sparsely populated but not
               | unpopulated - you're never more than a half mile from a
               | house but never much closer than that. It can cause weird
               | servicing issues.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | State and local governments aren't exempt from tort laws,
               | etc. If they commit to service a location 100 miles away,
               | and can't practically do so, or someone gets hurt in
               | trying to make heroic efforts to do so, they can and will
               | get sued. And in such a suit, making that sort of
               | unrealistic commitment can and will be held against them.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | I don't think that this is how it works (paying taxes
               | doesn't entitle to a level of service) but I admit I
               | don't know US law.
               | 
               | As a side note, in this very case the issue wasn't
               | remoteness since they could have had access to
               | firefighters for a small annual fee. Rather it was a
               | legal and administrative issue. But I would indeed be
               | curious if voluntarily paying a fee rather then being
               | taxed can have an impact on any enforceable expectation
               | of service.
        
               | munificent wrote:
               | _> I don 't think that population density is relevant
               | here as the issue is one of right._
               | 
               | It is absolutely relevant because services can only be
               | logistically and economically viable at certain levels of
               | density. Fire services aren't very useful if it takes
               | them a two-hour drive to reach the fire. So they have a
               | maximum radius where they are useful. They only provide
               | value to the people within that radius. If the density is
               | too low, then there aren't enough people in there to
               | afford supporting fire services.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | Public services are not expected to be 'economically
               | viable' on their own. Moreover, whether there are enough
               | people to support service is also a purely administrative
               | and political issue.
               | 
               | You're not addressing my point, either, which is that
               | there is a big difference between getting a crap service
               | because you're hard to reach (which does happen including
               | here in Europe) and having no right to call for help in
               | the first place.
               | 
               | Again, I am not criticising, I am just thinking that
               | there are different, separate issues here.
        
               | vdqtp3 wrote:
               | > Public services are not expected to be 'economically
               | viable' on their own.
               | 
               | They inherently are. If these neighborhoods have fire
               | coverage equivalent to that of a metropolis, but they
               | would be paid for via taxation at the rate of $50K per
               | year per household, that's not economically viable.
        
               | fakedang wrote:
               | Then perhaps the core issue is zoning land properly and
               | making sure people don't spread out too thin.
               | 
               | That being said, the locality in question sounds very
               | much like the low density suburban locale that I'm
               | currently living in. It costs a pretty penny for the
               | government to maintain services here, since there are
               | only about 100 homes in an area at the edge of the desert
               | (which at a rate of 75 per home per month as stated in
               | the article wouldn't be able to cover a basic
               | firefighting service). Of course, that does not bother
               | the government in providing funds for everything from a
               | local police station, hospital (yes, not a clinic), fire
               | station, municipality, garbage collection, etc. The only
               | thing missing (for the local Arabs mostly) is a
               | government school, but then folks with families don't
               | bother with it.
               | 
               | I could draw a similar example of my place in India,
               | which has similar low density characteristics, and to
               | make matters worse, is located in a hilly part of the
               | district, but that doesn't stop the govt. from providing
               | a local police force and fire fighting service complete
               | with a helicopter.
               | 
               | Some amenities are basic needs that if you don't receive,
               | then what the hell are you paying taxes for? Freedoms per
               | second?
               | 
               | And no, I'm not a stranger to America's vast landscape.
               | The fact stands that there should have been better zoning
               | - or don't expect any facility at all, but don't make
               | news out of it.
               | 
               | On a side note, the main link of this thread quotes the
               | example of insurance companies in London in the 1830s,
               | who would compensate each other in case their
               | firefighters took action on fires not in their
               | jurisdiction. If our forebears had such sensible
               | foresight and collective responsibility, then why not
               | America today?
        
               | nisegami wrote:
               | By living on unincorporated land, they wouldn't have been
               | subject to the tax that pays for the fire department
               | (which would be county level or city level I'm guessing?)
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | City; counties only have states above them so there isn't
               | "out of county land" usually.
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | Some states like Virginia have city and county both at
               | the top local level. Richmond City is completely separate
               | from the extremely rural Richmond county located more
               | than an hour away.
               | 
               | Virginia is also technically a Commonwealth and not a
               | state as well.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Virginia has lots of oddities- like being west of West
               | Virginia.
        
               | Majromax wrote:
               | > I thought that taxes were supposed to pay for basic
               | neighborhood services
               | 
               |  _Neighbourhood_ is the operative word here. In some
               | parts of the rural United States, homes are far away and
               | far between. Public services of the kind expected in
               | populated areas are impractical, particularly for
               | protection of property rather than life.
               | 
               | With that as a baseline, some "rural" areas maintain this
               | peculiar, low-cost characteristic even as they become
               | more populated. There's a degree of self-sorting
               | behaviour as well, since some residents become attracted
               | to the area specifically for its vanishingly small local
               | tax burden.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | comte7092 wrote:
               | This is a place where people actively choose not to pay
               | taxes instead of paying and receiving services.
               | 
               | "Unincorporated land" means that the landowners have
               | chosen not to incorporate (create) a municipal (ie
               | city/neighborhood) government.
               | 
               | It's "rugged individualism".
        
           | mushbino wrote:
           | Considering the location, I imagine they couldn't afford it.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | The family accepted fire protection from their insurer and
           | claim they forgot to pay the $75 fee, not declined to do so.
           | It's possible they opted out, it's also possible it was an
           | oversight. Certainly, the more human thing would be to make
           | opting in/out more explicit and handle a late payment by
           | sending it to collections (or reminder notifications) instead
           | of just turning service off.
           | 
           | Or do you have any evidence they actively opted out of the
           | $75 payment?
        
             | fatbird wrote:
             | A reporter on the scene spoke to the homeowner, who said he
             | didn't pay the fee because he thought he could just pay
             | after, like happened previously. He literally thought he
             | could get away with not paying unless a fire happened. It's
             | a textbook case of moral hazard.
             | 
             | I discussed the case a lot at the time it happened, and it
             | never came out that he "forgot" to pay the fee. It was very
             | clear at the time that he thought he didn't need to and
             | they'd put out the fire anyway.
        
               | LorenPechtel wrote:
               | Exactly. There are two separate cases:
               | 
               | 1) Insured by another company. The sensible course of
               | action is to fight the fire and bill them. Every company
               | benefits from such cooperation.
               | 
               | 2) Uninsured. The moral hazard problem, if too many
               | people are not paying the only sensible approach is to
               | let uninsured buildings burn.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | People do the same with AAA - don't pay to renew until
               | you need a tow and pay the renewal over the phone. I
               | think they're a bit smarter now and make you pay for the
               | years you skipped.
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | That's hard as I wouldn't back pay but my insurance
               | company goes back and forth on doing roadside depending
               | on if you have comprehensive and has changed the rule and
               | rates to be more or less competitive with AAA. When it's
               | cheaper I use my I aurance, when not AAA. If they made me
               | back pay I wouldn't use them. But I generally don't just
               | do the sign up and tow immediately.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I think it's only when you want a tow same day - renewing
               | a failed account has a three day waiting period if you
               | don't pay the rush fee.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | I had not heard that. Reports I saw at the time said he
               | "forgot".
               | 
               | At any rate, in response to the story, the county changed
               | it so paying when your house was already ablaze was a
               | punitive but not impossible option. I believe it was
               | $3,500 when they instituted it.
               | 
               | Which, frankly, seems like the proper way to handle the
               | moral hazard.
        
               | david422 wrote:
               | That's still the same problem though. If nobody pays the
               | town is still going to be out money even if it's possible
               | to collect $3500. And the reason they don't put out the
               | blaze and then just charge if someone doesn't have
               | insurance is because they won't be able to collect.
               | 
               | How do you deal with freeloaders in society?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | Definitely not by letting them or their belongings burn
               | down.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | Just FYI for all those in the thread who don't know,
           | unincorporated doesn't mean "no taxes, no fees". Generally
           | the county provides services (Sheriffs and Constables, fire
           | dept.), and ambulances tend to all be private anyways. If
           | you're in the middle of nowhere then you may have to join a
           | co-op for helicopter medical, and the nearest fire station
           | may be too far to save your house in a fire.
           | 
           | If you're in the middle of nowhere you're probably also on
           | unincorporated land, but the challenges of being in the
           | middle of nowhere have nothing to do with the land being
           | unincorporated.
        
           | dantheman wrote:
           | If it wasn't a gov agency, something could have been worked
           | out on the spot. Ask them if they want to pay the full price,
           | what is it $10k, $20k?.
           | 
           | If you don't pay, you'd have the lowest priority. But there
           | is no reason other than bureaucracy that they couldn't have
           | handled it.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Article doesn't seem to agree with you here, instead citing
             | different reason:
             | 
             | > _South Fulton 's mayor said that the fire department
             | can't let homeowners pay the fee on the spot, because the
             | only people who would pay would be those whose homes are on
             | fire._
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | dantheman was proposing agreeing to pay the full cost
               | (tens of thousands of dollars), not just the advance fee
               | ($75).
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Another problem is the difference between _agreeing to
               | pay_ and _ability to pay_. Someone might be wiling to pay
               | anything in the moment, but you might be hopelessly
               | unable to actually collect.
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | Fires are pretty rare, I'd take that bet.
        
               | Arainach wrote:
               | How do you calculate the "full cost" of having staff on
               | call 24/7, well maintained equipment that's regularly
               | inspected, building inspectors to verify that fire code
               | is being met to keep usage down to sustainable levels,
               | and so on? The full cost isn't $10k in salary and
               | gasoline and foam, it's millions.
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | My city spends ~$20M/y on the fire department [1] and has
               | ~300 structure fires and ~14k callouts annually [2]. The
               | cost for a marginal fire is definitely not millions; even
               | if you only divide $20M by 300 you get $70k and that
               | ignores the tens of thousands of other calls they take.
               | 
               | [1] https://stories.opengov.com/somervillema/published/Bh
               | SqQ0eG2
               | 
               | [2] https://www.mass.gov/doc/2020-county-
               | profiles/download
        
               | aaronax wrote:
               | Total cost of running the department for a year, divided
               | by the number of callouts. Possibly weight the callout
               | types depending on approximate resources consumed.
               | 
               | Though I am fully in support of just letting the house
               | burn.
        
               | mook wrote:
               | These costs still exist in a hypothetical year with zero
               | fires, though. Additionally, people whose house were just
               | on fire with zero insurance are probably not in a good
               | financial position (anymore), and they are unlikely to be
               | able to pay...
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | If you don't have the money, then a lien is placed on the
               | property and it will be sold to pay the debt. Or you can
               | take out a mortgage to buy it. In any case you'll be
               | richer than if the house is burned down.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Ability to pay still not guaranteed, depending on the
               | financial situation. Family can easily have more that's
               | than assets to their name, preventing collection.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Your first problem is trivial cuz you can look at a
               | multi-year average.
               | 
               | The second part is more significant in people simply
               | don't have the money to pay.
        
               | chordalkeyboard wrote:
               | amortize that cost over the population that is covered;
               | perhaps discount the services utilized by residents who
               | pre-pay and charge a premium for those who pay on the
               | spot.
        
             | ghufran_syed wrote:
             | the guy who can't pay the insurance fee isn't usually going
             | to be able to pay the full price of the services
        
             | anotherman554 wrote:
             | "If it wasn't a gov agency, something could have been
             | worked out on the spot."
             | 
             | Or there would simply be no fire service at all because the
             | rural area isn't profitable to service.
        
             | s0rce wrote:
             | Do people have that cash lying around, what guarantee would
             | you have that people would pay? Maybe you can take the deed
             | to the house that you saved?
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | Seems like the agreement could be backed with the threat
               | of a lien on your property.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | The property that just burned down?
        
               | s0rce wrote:
               | Presumably they would save it by extinguishing the fire
               | then if you can't pay the cost of the service they take
               | the property or place a lien on it.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | The fire brigade would borrow the technique of Marcus
               | Licinius Crassus and buy your property as it burned,
               | improve its value by extinguishing the fire, then rent it
               | back to you.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jefftk wrote:
               | If the firefighters can't keep it from burning to the
               | ground, I doubt you want to be paying for them to do
               | anything.
               | 
               | Even then, there's still the value of the land.
        
               | ddalex wrote:
               | Hold on there Crassus.
        
               | modderation wrote:
               | If they do have that cash laying around, hopefully it's
               | not stored on-premises.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | tlavoie wrote:
           | Not quite the same thing, but there are certainly places
           | where people will choose to live, without conventional fire
           | department coverage. I live on an island on Canada's coast,
           | where there is a fire department, funded as a local
           | improvement area. It covers ~ 90% of the population, on a
           | much smaller proportion of the island's area.
           | 
           | People do live in some of these less-accessible part of the
           | island, but it's outside of the department's service area.
           | Fires in other areas are officially the responsibility of the
           | regional fire service, like for forest fires. Our department
           | might go on certain calls, especially life safety, but will
           | typically keep some people and vehicles back in our own
           | service area in case calls come in there as well.
           | 
           | I think the term for people outside of the district is "self-
           | insured", because nobody else will be able to assist quickly.
        
           | that_guy_iain wrote:
           | Even with this information included. I think the moral of the
           | story is America has some very serious third-world problems.
           | The reason things like this go on in America and not in any
           | other developed country is that Americans just accept it.
           | "They didn't pay, so they die." Here is how much they accept
           | it, firefighters literally stood and watched a building burn
           | down instead of playing with their toys. Not only that, the
           | fire department refused to accept money to put it out.
           | 
           | This whole "unincorporated land" execuse is a sad state of
           | affairs. The whole "You're not with us, so it's not our
           | problem" mindset is really why America is so low down on
           | every single ranking in the world, except for military might.
           | It seems like a constant battle to make sure you're doing ok
           | at the expense of others. School kids getting shot? It's ok,
           | I can still have my gun. Unarmed people getting shot by
           | police? It's ok, they haven't shot me. Corrupt police officer
           | hired a town over? It's ok, he's their problem now. People
           | dying because they can't afford to visit a doctor? That's ok,
           | I can.
           | 
           | Instead of grouping together the US has decided to constantly
           | separate it self among itself. Other countries have
           | orginisations that deal with entire areas. The US each town
           | has to have it's own. It results in a lower quality of
           | service. Not every town can afford x,y,z fire equipment that
           | is only going to be used once a month but an biradge that
           | deals with 10 towns and would be using it two times a week
           | can.
           | 
           | The thing is, the solution to most of the US' problems aren't
           | hard. They're already figured out by everyone else. We all
           | just have to put up with hearing about the craziness that
           | comes from the country that thinks it's great while their ass
           | is on fire.
        
             | cies wrote:
             | It not a nation for people. It's a nation for big business.
             | The effective two party system being the best thing for big
             | biz: they can simply lobby both.
        
               | __MatrixMan__ wrote:
               | Right, that's why our elections always come down to a
               | 50.001% majority, because if you let the majorities be
               | bigger it's more expensive to turn them into a minority
               | when they turn against you.
        
             | drstewart wrote:
             | >Here is how much they accept it, firefighters literally
             | stood and watched a building burn down instead of playing
             | with their toys.
             | 
             | I assume insurance of any kind doesn't exist in the rest of
             | the world, since everyone else would have long figured out
             | that you just don't need to pay it and then reap the
             | rewards afterwards by just claiming it then? Or would
             | insurance companies in Europe just stand by with their big
             | bank accounts and refuse to pay? Sad state of affairs, very
             | third world of them.
        
             | chung8123 wrote:
             | The alternative is they wouldn't be allowed to live there.
             | America allows people to get into situations that may
             | result in harm to them if they are not careful. We do the
             | same thing with healthcare and our nutrition. We still
             | allow tons of processed and sugary food even though we know
             | it will result in slamming our healthcare system but
             | hopefully you have insurance.
        
             | zpthree wrote:
             | If you want the benefits of society you can't ignore the
             | costs. Every home that is protected by fire departments
             | pays taxes in the developed world, this family chose to
             | live in unincorporated land. Btw - The fire was started by
             | the homeowners grandson who was lighting trash on fire and
             | afterwards the homeowners son assaulted the fire chief.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | If you want to have the benefits of society, you have to
               | have a society. And my entire point is the US lacks that
               | fundamental thing.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | You are egregiously misinformed about the US.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | How so?
               | 
               | Do they have a public healthcare system? Nope. What sort
               | of society doesn't look after it's own?
               | 
               | Do they have police who have a duty to save you? Nope.
               | That alone is just an absolute shit show. What sort of
               | country says the police have no obligation to protect
               | you? Only to show up and solve the crime once it's
               | happened? What sort of society doesn't look after it's
               | own?
               | 
               | I could carry on but it's a bit pointless since those are
               | two massive things. You need to remember, how fucked up
               | the US is, is well documented. It's documented by your
               | own media. And confirmed and defended by people like you.
               | 
               | No kind of society doesn't look after it's own. That's
               | what a society is.
        
               | interroboink wrote:
               | I don't mean to apologize for some of the awful things
               | that go on in the United States, but your comment seems
               | to come from the point of view of someone whose
               | understanding of the country is built on popular media
               | and clickbait headlines, rather than first-hand
               | experience, if I may be so bold.
               | 
               | Keep in mind that what gets reported on and popularized
               | is what sells clicks/views/etc, and is not very
               | representative of "normal life."
               | 
               | It's true that services and norms vary widely across the
               | different states, and in that sense perhaps there is not
               | a "society" so much as "a patchwork of societies, not
               | always working together." But I don't think it's quite
               | the black-and-white either/or question that seems to be
               | argued in this thread.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | > but your comment seems to come from the point of view
               | of someone whose understanding of the country is built on
               | popular media and clickbait headlines, rather than first-
               | hand experience, if I may be so bold.
               | 
               | It comes from reading/listening/etc the responses of
               | Americans to all the crazy shit that happens there. There
               | are factual things that happen. They are talked about,
               | Americans are talking about them, I listen. That is first
               | hand experience of the American culture I talked about.
               | 
               | Here is the thing. The Americans I meet, you should see
               | how embarrassed they are when you start talking about the
               | latest American stuff you've seen. The faces of the
               | Americans I worked with when I talked about the time the
               | cops shoot up a stolen UPS van in the middle of the
               | highway killing everyone including the hostage and
               | endangered the lives of random drivers who couldn't get
               | away. Like they know that stuff happens. And at the same
               | time, there are Americans I've met personally and talked
               | to frequently online who would defend that. "They stole
               | it, they couldn't risk the lives of the police officers",
               | etc.
               | 
               | When talking about culture problems, how Americans act is
               | first hand experience.
        
               | interroboink wrote:
               | > It comes from reading/listening/etc the responses of
               | Americans to all the crazy shit that happens there.
               | 
               | Right, no disagreement from me that these things happen.
               | And responses are varied, as you say.
               | 
               | What I was trying to get across was that you get a very
               | lopsided view by concentrating on "crazy shit" and
               | people's responses to it.
               | 
               | For example:
               | 
               | I live in the US. It's snowing where I am. It makes
               | things beautiful. Some birds are at the feeder, and the
               | furnace just turned on. I'm thankful for the warmth. I
               | have some cookies to deliver to the neighbors later on
               | (they recently gave us a loaf of their bread, which was
               | delicious).
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | There you go, that was some real American culture (still
               | second-hand for you, and admittedly not entirely
               | representative). Not very interesting, but it's home.
               | Multiply that by hundreds of millions of people, and yes,
               | sprinkle in a handful of crazy shit too for good measure.
               | Maybe that gets you a little bit closer to reality.
               | 
               | Still plenty that needs fixing, of course. And I'm glad I
               | don't live in Mississippi (:
        
               | veb wrote:
               | Here in NZ, when the Christchurch Mosque shootings
               | happened, the Police just rammed the offender off the
               | road and cuffed him... without firing a single shot.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christchurch_mosque_shootin
               | gs
               | 
               | Wee video here:
               | https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/christchurch-
               | shooting/11195...
               | 
               | Honestly I think our Police do a lot of good. There's
               | some bad apples, there's complaints - but that is normal.
               | Overall, they tend to make good judgement calls (most of
               | the time).
               | 
               | To the defence of the US, sometimes their system does
               | work: https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/11/24/us-jury-charge-
               | police-off... honestly though, shooting a guy in a car
               | that wasn't in immediate danger to anyone else around him
               | (he rung the police originally because he was having a
               | mental health crisis - in NZ you do call the cops if you
               | can) so they shoot him with beanbag rounds, tase him then
               | shoot him six times fatally. A bit over the top...
        
               | Faark wrote:
               | German here. We do have a public healthcare system. That
               | we can opt out of and go private. The trade-off is it
               | being increasingly hard to get back into the public one,
               | especially as people get older and thus more "expensive".
               | 
               | Insurances (including fire service or roadside
               | assistance) has to be payed. You cannot just opt back
               | into it once you need it. If parent is right and they had
               | chances to opt into fire service but decided not to, you
               | cannot just bill them for a single instance. Otherwise
               | they're behavior would be reward, and everyone else had
               | incentive to do the same.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | By your definition, no "society" existed in the entire
               | world until the 20th century.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | > Do they have police who have a duty to save you? Nope.
               | That alone is just an absolute shit show. What sort of
               | country says the police have no obligation to protect
               | you? Only to show up and solve the crime once it's
               | happened? What sort of society doesn't look after it's
               | own?
               | 
               | What country puts that kind of positive obligation on the
               | police? I'm not aware of any that do.
        
               | mbg721 wrote:
               | The US is built on a fundamental distrust of mainstream
               | authority. Our founders were religious radicals who
               | thrived as long as they were exiled someplace where they
               | couldn't affect anybody who mattered. Our folk heroes are
               | dimwitted-but-clever rebels who defeat all the experts
               | with old-fashioned know-how. The Russians sent men to
               | space essentially as cargo for the mathematicians back on
               | Earth to work out; we sent seat-of-your-pants pilots, and
               | arguably our most memorable space mission was the one
               | that got screwed up until our team improvised their way
               | to victory. We proudly pay cash to lawn-mowers and
               | restaurant servers we like so they can hide it from the
               | taxman. So given all that, why would we ever meekly hand
               | our humanity, our free will, to the bureaucrats in the
               | police department or hospitals, just so that they can
               | abuse it more efficiently?
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | You don't get to declare by fiat what constitutes a
               | society, or what counts as "taking care of its own". Nor
               | do you get to just help yourself to the assumption that
               | other countries, which claim to have things like "a
               | public healthcare system" and "police who have a duty to
               | save you", actually have those things.
               | 
               | As for "well documented", if you believe what the media
               | tells you about anything, let alone the US, you are in no
               | position to judge anyone else.
               | 
               | As for "confirmed and defended", since it's impossible to
               | have a government that actually does the things you
               | claim, of course I can "confirm" that the US doesn't. And
               | of course I'll defend freedom, particularly when that
               | means explaining what freedom actually means to people
               | who don't understand it.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | >As for "well documented", if you believe what the media
               | tells you about anything, let alone the US, you are in no
               | position to judge anyone else.
               | 
               | They show video footage... Jesus christ, you've bought
               | into the Trump propaganda of fake news so much you're
               | just saying believing the media is foolish. This whole
               | the media is lying wasn't such a thing before Trump.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> They show video footage_
               | 
               | Video footage can tell you that some small group of
               | people did some particular things at some particular time
               | and place.
               | 
               | Video footage cannot tell you what isn't on the video.
               | Which is the vast majority of what the vast majority of
               | actual Americans do with their time every day. Which does
               | not look at all like your media-inspired, uniformed
               | caricature.
               | 
               |  _> This whole the media is lying wasn 't such a thing
               | before Trump._
               | 
               | Excuse me? The media has _always_ lied. The evidence for
               | that is overwhelming for anyone who actually cares to
               | look.
               | 
               | Decades ago, we had no way of knowing about the extent of
               | lies being told to us by the media (and by our
               | politicians, for that matter) at the time they were told
               | to us, because we had no other sources of information.
               | Now we do. We can spot the lies told to us by _all_ of
               | our so-called  "trusted" sources, just as they can spot
               | lies told to us by Trump. There are _no_ genuinely
               | trustworthy sources of information. I agree that sucks,
               | but it 's the fact, and trying to ignore it or sugar coat
               | it just makes it worse.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | Society != Government
        
               | ianmcgowan wrote:
               | Not saying this is right, but many Americans disagree
               | with the very concept, and want to maintain their freedom
               | to opt-out of everything that goes along with "society".
               | Gault's Gulch and all that. And I think it was that
               | famous British voice of reason Maggie Thatcher that said
               | "there's no such thing as society".
        
               | stevesimmons wrote:
               | This is so frequently misquoted. Or rather, quoted away
               | from its context and taken to mean the exact opposite.
               | Thatcher actually argued there should be a social safety
               | net, but it can't solve every problem and it shouldn't be
               | used as an excuse for not working.
               | 
               | In full, she said [1]:                 I think we have
               | gone through a period when too many children and people
               | have been given to understand 'I have a problem, it is
               | the Government's job to cope with it!' or 'I have a
               | problem, I will go and get a grant to cope with it!' 'I
               | am homeless, the Government must house me!' and so they
               | are casting their problems on society and who is society?
               | There is no such thing! There are individual men and
               | women and there are families and no government can do
               | anything except through people and people look to
               | themselves first.            [It] is, I think, one of the
               | tragedies in which many of the benefits we give, which
               | were meant to reassure people that if they were sick or
               | ill there was a safety net and there was help, that many
               | of the benefits which were meant to help people who were
               | unfortunate ... [t]hat was the objective, but somehow
               | there are some people who have been manipulating the
               | system ... when people come and say: 'But what is the
               | point of working? I can get as much on the dole!'
               | 
               | [1] 1987 interview in "Women's Own"
        
             | LarryMullins wrote:
             | > _" They didn't pay, so they die."_
             | 
             | This didn't happen. A building burned but everybody was
             | fine. Had lives been at risk, the firefighters would have
             | intervened. The "moral" you are taking from this story is
             | predicated on gross misinformation.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | No, the moral of this story is you taking a single part
               | massively out of context. And the fire department didn't
               | go out. So they wouldn't have known if someone's life was
               | at risk. So stop you're nonsense.
        
               | LarryMullins wrote:
               | > _And the fire department didn 't go out._
               | 
               | Again, more misinformation! They _did_ go out, and made
               | sure the fire didn 't spread off the property. If anybody
               | had been imperiled, the firefighters would have helped.
               | FFS, it's right in that article:
               | 
               | > _They put water out on the fence line out here. They
               | never said nothing to me. Never acknowledged. They stood
               | out here and watched it burn, " Cranick said._
               | 
               | And if the firefighters were rude to these people, it's
               | probably because the people who lived there were a bunch
               | of anti-social shitheads and the firefighters knew it.
               | But the firefighters _did_ go out anyway. Stop _your_
               | nonsense.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | >Again, more misinformation!
               | 
               | No, they went out after the neighbour phoned up because
               | of a fire on their property. Anyone who has fully read
               | the article will know that. So stop your nonsense.
               | 
               | "Firefighters did eventually show up, but only to fight
               | the fire on the neighboring property, whose owner had
               | paid the fee."
        
               | jakear wrote:
               | So the fire department was contacted, did not hear of any
               | lives at risk, and did not show up. What an entirely
               | reasonable response to getting a service request from
               | someone who has not established a SLA with your company.
               | 
               | Do you personally work at a company? If so, I demand you
               | to help me fix a problem I'm having. I haven't paid you,
               | but that shouldn't matter. What's that? You won't help
               | me? But you helped my competitor who did establish a
               | contract with you in which they paid you a monthly fee in
               | exchange for a guarantee you'd help them when the needed
               | it.
               | 
               | The horror. The absolute travesty. Society has failed.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | > So the fire department was contacted, did not hear of
               | any lives at risk, and did not show up.
               | 
               | The article doesn't say that does it. They say the fire
               | department was contacted and responded that they weren't
               | on the list. They refused to accept any payment. And only
               | turned up when someone who was on the list called.
               | 
               | We have a phrase for people like you, jog on.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | > "They didn't pay, so they die."
             | 
             | This isn't a thing in the US. Hospitals will stabilize
             | anyone, regardless of ability to pay. First responders-
             | police, ambulance, fire fighters- will save any life they
             | are able to. Preventative health care is a different story,
             | and even that is complicated.
             | 
             | Unincorporated land holds a very tiny percentage of the
             | population of the US; trying to use this as an analogy for
             | the rest of society is just disingenuous.
             | 
             | > Other countries have orginisations that deal with entire
             | areas.
             | 
             | So does the US. Even unincorporated land falls under the
             | jurisdiction of whatever county it happens to be in as well
             | as the state and federal governments; the only difference
             | is it doesn't have a local town government... because there
             | is no local town.
        
               | cheriot wrote:
               | > This isn't a thing in the US. Hospitals will stabilize
               | anyone, regardless of ability to pay
               | 
               | This is the bare minimum to avoid a PR disaster. When
               | someone is dying slowing of a chronic condition
               | (diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease) the US system
               | will just watch them die unless they have insurance.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | It's not done for "PR". US hospitals are required to
               | treat emergency cases, by law. The Emergency Medical
               | Treatment and Active Labor Act[0], passed under President
               | Reagan, codifies the mandate.
               | 
               | (This is, to my mind, what caused the United States to
               | end up with socialized medicine-- albeit a socialized
               | medicine system where we don't get to have public
               | discourse about how it works.)
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Medical_Treat
               | ment_an...
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | We don't have "socialized medicine". You can go to the ER
               | without insurance and with signs & symptoms of a heart
               | attack and they'll try to keep you from dying, but they
               | won't give you the triple-bypass and medicine you need to
               | keep it from happening again in a month--unless they
               | think you'll be able to pay for it.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | Without making any moral argument one way or the other:
               | If people who can't pay and would otherwise die are given
               | "free" treatment then we have socialized medicine. The
               | costs are spread over everyone else.
               | 
               | Uninsured and under-insured people are cited as one
               | reason why treatment costs are so high. Whether these
               | cases actually contribute to costs in a substantive way
               | doesn't stop the mandate to provide free emergency care
               | being used as a political football.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | This is hair-splitting for no reason, to the point of
               | destroying communication. Nobody (because this is HN:
               | yes, apparently at least one person, but you know what I
               | mean by this) means ERs having to eat the cost of
               | stabilizing uninsured dying/in-labor people when they say
               | "socialized medicine". You can draw some parallels, but
               | trying to put that, plus all the things people _actually_
               | mean by the term, under the same umbrella, is a step
               | toward making it meaningless.
               | 
               | This is like a burger joint telling you they don't serve
               | onion rings, and then you insisting that in fact they do,
               | because they put circle-cut onions on their burgers, and
               | technically those are both rings and onions. Like... OK?
               | So what? Which framing: "this place serves onion rings",
               | or "this place does NOT serve onion rings", is more
               | likely to confuse a diner?
               | 
               | The only times I've seen people really, seriously try to
               | frame this as "socialized medicine" is when they don't
               | understand how very limited the mandated scope of care
               | is. It doesn't amount to much more than "you can't let
               | someone simply _die_ or give birth on the curb right
               | outside your ER ". The vast majority of what counts as
               | medical care isn't part of it.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | I fully admit to being hyperbolic.
               | 
               | Where I live, in a rural area of a red state with a lot
               | of wealth disparity, giving free medical care to anybody
               | absolutely is seen as "socialized medicine". (Of course,
               | there'll be a healthy dose of divisive racial and class
               | politics mixed in to the argument, too.) The reasons
               | behind that opinion are absolutely motivated by lack of
               | understanding, but there are strong political beliefs
               | there as well.
               | 
               | I'd like to see substantive discussion about how the US
               | healthcare "system" really works. This is a detail that a
               | lot of people don't know about or understand. I think the
               | idea that "we already don't let people who can't pay just
               | die" has a good moral argument behind it.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | > Where I live, in a rural area of a red state with a lot
               | of wealth disparity, giving free medical care to anybody
               | absolutely is seen as "socialized medicine". (Of course,
               | there'll be a healthy dose of divisive racial and class
               | politics mixed in to the argument, too.) The reasons
               | behind that opinion are absolutely motivated by lack of
               | understanding, but there are strong political beliefs
               | there as well.
               | 
               | Suburb in a red state here, grew up mostly in rural red
               | America, so I get what you mean. I'm sure there's also a
               | lot of thinking that free ER care is a lot more expansive
               | than it really is, and belief that "welfare types" (ahem,
               | cough, cough, lay-finger-along-side-of-nose) regularly
               | use ERs to get ordinary healthcare for free. As is
               | usually the case, I expect laying out what's _actually_
               | available and how the mandate _actually_ works tends to
               | soften resistance to it. I 'm well aware that the Left
               | does some of this too, but god I wish right-wing media
               | would stop misleading Republicans about how basic things
               | like social-safety-net programs and taxes work. The death
               | of the Fairness Doctrine, however not-entirely-
               | comfortable I may be with the thing, has been a curse on
               | this country, in practice.
               | 
               | > I'd like to see substantive discussion about how the US
               | healthcare "system" really works. This is a detail that a
               | lot of people don't know about or understand. I think the
               | idea that "we already don't let people who can't pay just
               | die" has a good moral argument behind it.
               | 
               | Ugh, tell me about it. I especially think the enormous
               | proportion of medical spending that's _already_ public
               | isn 't well-understood enough. Especially since some of
               | those tend to cover some of the most expensive
               | demographics--the elderly, the disabled, soldiers.
               | Failure to grasp how our current system already works
               | leads to those infamous "keep government out of my
               | medicare!" protest signs and, more importantly, failure
               | to appreciate that shifting to cover _everyone_ with one
               | variety or another of government-funded healthcare is
               | actually a far less radical shift than some seem to
               | suppose it is.
               | 
               | Sorry if I pounced on you there, BTW. I could have been
               | less confrontational with that previous post.
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | > Sorry if I pounced on you there, BTW. I could have been
               | less confrontational with that previous post.
               | 
               | It's good. The nerd pedant in me can't let a mention of
               | EMTALA go by without hammering on it. It's a bit of
               | cognitive dissonance to inflict on the "free healthcare
               | market"-types who have moral qualms about letting people
               | die but aren't about to give an inch on "socialism".
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | >This isn't a thing in the US. Hospitals will stabilize
               | anyone, regardless of ability to pay. First responders-
               | police, ambulance, fire fighters- will save any life they
               | are able to. Preventative health care is a different
               | story, and even that is complicated.
               | 
               | The US has the highest preventable death rate in the
               | developed world. People die because they don't get to see
               | a doctor. First responders will save you. However, the
               | amount of deaths because people couldn't pay is massive
               | for a so-called developed country. Have diabetes and no
               | insurance? That's pretty much a death sentence and
               | they'll watch you die. Need surgery? No insurance? No
               | surgery and death because of complications caused by the
               | lack of surgery.
               | 
               | > Unincorporated land holds a very tiny percentage of the
               | population of the US; trying to use this as an analogy
               | for the rest of society is just disingenuous.
               | 
               | As used with the multiple other examples, it's an entire
               | culture. Not just "Oh unincorporated land, that's just
               | crazy". It's disingenuous to act like my point is hinged
               | on unincorporated land.
               | 
               | > So does the US. Even unincorporated land falls under
               | the jurisdiction of whatever county it happens to be in
               | as well as the state and federal governments; the only
               | difference is it doesn't have a local town government...
               | because there is no local town.
               | 
               | There are state troopers who have jurisction over
               | certaint things. However, there is then an array of other
               | law enforcement agencies such as towns having a police
               | department and sheriff departments which have
               | jurisictions over certain things. They don't have a
               | simple police force that deals with everything in that
               | area. This results in crimes not being truly investigated
               | because no one is sure whose job it is.
               | 
               | There is no regional fire department as shown in the
               | linked news article. The fire department that was paid by
               | a neighbour to ensure they didn't get fire damage ignored
               | a fire nearby because they weren't paid by someone else.
               | The ignoring of that fire resulted in fire damage to the
               | paying customer. A regional fire department would have
               | dealt with that.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | > The US has the highest preventable death rate in the
               | developed world.
               | 
               | They also have by far the highest obesity rate in the
               | developed world.
               | 
               | > Have diabetes and no insurance? That's pretty much a
               | death sentence and they'll watch you die. Need surgery?
               | No insurance? No surgery and death because of
               | complications caused by the lack of surgery.
               | 
               | I'm supportive of universal healthcare, but this is a
               | huge exaggeration. If policy decisions are motivated by
               | uninformed memes like this, then if we ever do get
               | universal healthcare, it will be a disaster.
               | 
               | You can buy human insulin for $25 a vial at Walmart. It's
               | not as good, but it's what people used a couple decades
               | ago. Countries with nationalized healthcare often have
               | long backlogs for treatments. The cancer backlog in the
               | UK is over 2 million people and it's continuing to grow
               | [1]. Also, if you are insured, you're typically going to
               | get new and more sophisticated treatments on the US
               | compared to most places with nationalized healthcare.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.cancerresearchuk.org/2020/06/01/over-2-m
               | illion-...
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | > I'm supportive of universal healthcare, but this is a
               | huge exaggeration. If policy decisions are motivated by
               | uninformed memes like this, then if we ever do get
               | universal healthcare, it will be a disaster.
               | 
               | No it's not. There are reports constantly of people dying
               | in the US because they tried to get their insulin to last
               | them multiple days and ended up dying. Not everyone has
               | $25. But your post that they can just buy it for $25
               | proves the point earlier of "They didn't pay, so they
               | die".
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | > "They didn't pay, so they die".
               | 
               | The problem with these emotionally charged
               | characterizations is that they can be used against you.
               | Conservatives will use the rationing caused by large
               | cancer backlog in the UK as evidence for "death panels."
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | The fact that it's possible for someone to repeat what
               | you say back to you is not a strong argument. Which of
               | those two countries you mentioned has better health
               | outcomes?
        
               | EvanAnderson wrote:
               | In the US we prefer our "death panels" to be handled by
               | insurance companies, hospital administrators, and
               | pharmaceutical companies. Rather than having public
               | discourse about rationing of care we privatize our death
               | panels and they operate in relative secrecy.
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | The funny thing is they're using the UK which is
               | literally going nuts over the state of the NHS. The UK is
               | extremely unhappy with the backlogs. And almost certainly
               | they'll be getting reduced once a new goverment is voted
               | in during the next general election. The really funny
               | part, I bet a lower percentage of the captia die from
               | cancer in the UK than the US. Because they can get some
               | sort of treatment. And of course a system that treats
               | everyone is going to have longer wait times than one that
               | treats only a percentage of the population. And the
               | ability to pay to avoid wait times is still there. Turns
               | out having public and private hospitals pays off.
        
               | jandrewrogers wrote:
               | > The really funny part, I bet a lower percentage of the
               | captia die from cancer in the UK than the US.
               | 
               | The US, quite famously, generally has the highest cancer
               | survival rates in the world. The standard bearers for
               | cancer survival rates in Europe have traditionally been
               | Switzerland and France, which are close to the same level
               | as the US. A decade ago in the UK there was a public
               | outcry when studies showed it had one of the poorest
               | cancer survival rates in the developed world; in the
               | well-known Lancet study, survival rates in the US were
               | 50% higher than the UK.
               | 
               | The UK has improved their cancer survival rates
               | significantly over the last decade in response to those
               | studies but it isn't near the top tier.
               | 
               | In the US, everyone gets essentially the same cancer
               | treatments, even if they are poor. The economic
               | stratification occurs around enrollment in _experimental_
               | cancer treatments, by virtue of needing to be located
               | where experimental therapies are being tested.
               | Experimental therapies are a big deal in the US because
               | most state-of-the-art treatments are developed and tested
               | there before being widely available. If you want to
               | enroll in experimental cancer treatments outside of where
               | they are being tested, you need to have the economic
               | means to travel there. I personally know people on
               | welfare in the US who survived Stage 4 cancer because
               | they happened to live where highly effective experimental
               | cancer therapies were being tested, making it readily
               | available to them.
               | 
               | The US lives a little bit in the future for state-of-the-
               | art cancer treatments. I know several people that
               | survived cancer in the US thanks to experimental
               | therapies that are now standard therapies. It usually
               | takes a while for these to propagate to other parts of
               | the world.
        
               | WarChortle wrote:
               | > The US has the highest preventable death rate in the
               | developed world.
               | 
               | >> They also have by far the highest obesity rate in the
               | developed world.
               | 
               | So... I am sure that is one reason of the highest
               | preventable death rate. doesn't invalidate GP point.
               | 
               | > I'm supportive of universal healthcare, but this is a
               | huge exaggeration.
               | 
               | Sadly in a way its not an exaggeration at all, will
               | doctors and nurses literally watch you die of course not.
               | If you go into the ER they legally have to stabilize you.
               | But that's it. If I have cancer and and really sick, If
               | they take to me to the ER, they will stabilize me but
               | they want start treating the cancer. Even if its still
               | early, they will watch you die over time as the cancer
               | advances and makes you worse.
               | 
               | To be fair, I am certain the doctors and nurses want to
               | treat you. But the hospital won't/can't allow it for
               | bullshit reasons.
               | 
               | > You can buy human insulin for $25 a vial at Walmart.
               | It's not as good, but it's what people used a couple
               | decades ago.
               | 
               | I can't believe your defending poor people having to use
               | worse insulin. How is that okay for you? We are talking
               | about peoples lives, can the richest country on earth aim
               | a little higher then throwing decades old medical
               | knowledge at poor people to shut them up?
               | 
               | > I'm supportive of universal healthcare,
               | 
               | No you aren't, after that claim about supporting it, you
               | spend the rest of your post shooting down universal
               | healthcare.
               | 
               | > Countries with nationalized healthcare often have long
               | backlogs for treatments. The cancer backlog in the UK is
               | over 2 million people and it's continuing to grow [1].
               | 
               | > Also, if you are insured, you're typically going to get
               | new and more sophisticated treatments on the US compared
               | to most places with nationalized healthcare.
               | 
               | The UK has its issue, but from what I can see its because
               | they are purposely starving it of money so they can
               | ultimately privatize it.
               | 
               | America's health care is fucking garbage. There is no
               | defending it, I'm so tired of spending my time calling
               | several different companies to figure out why I am
               | getting billed for something I shouldn't be. I'm not
               | exaggerating either, literally one or twice a month I get
               | the joy of calling my insurance and whatever doctor sent
               | the bill and try and solve why my insurance won't cover
               | it.
        
               | Aunche wrote:
               | > The UK has its issue, but from what I can see its
               | because they are purposely starving it of money so they
               | can ultimately privatize it.
               | 
               | This isn't true. Healthcare spending has grown every year
               | and has never significantly fallen relative to GDP. https
               | ://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthan..
               | .
               | 
               | > America's health care is fucking garbage.
               | 
               | I agree, but it's not for a lack of spending. The US
               | government actually spends more per capita on healthcare
               | than the UK in total. I'm not opposed to universal
               | healthcare. I'm opposed to politicians throwing money at
               | a problem to buy votes, but that is the only thing that
               | can result from a universal policy that results from
               | healthcare at all costs rhetoric.
        
               | dantheman wrote:
               | Completely agree, maybe if the USA got rid of the FDA and
               | the whole concept of prescription medicine we'd be able
               | to buy cheap medicine without the all the protectionism
               | that the state bolts on.
        
               | WarChortle wrote:
               | I can't tell if your being serious or just trolling.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/may/23/aids.suzann
               | ego...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peanut_Corporation_of_Ameri
               | ca#...
               | 
               | Oh boy, Wells Fargo is so shitty, most of their page is
               | about their various scandals.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wells_Fargo#Lawsuits,_fines
               | _an...
               | 
               | While not all are directly related to healthcare or the
               | FDA, I present this 3 articles as evidence that
               | corporations don't give a shit about you and unless they
               | are kept in check they will happily sell you a faulty or
               | bad product to help their bottom line.
               | 
               | I can produce many many more articles of various scandals
               | if you want. There is plenty of them. Reducing regulation
               | does nothing, but help corporations provide even worse
               | health care to people.
               | 
               | Healthcare should not nor ever be for profit. Its an
               | inelastic good, the so called "free market" doesn't even
               | apply to it.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | >> But the hospital won't/can't allow it for bullshit
               | reasons.
               | 
               | Bullshit reasons like they don't want to go bankrupt and
               | not be able to serve anyone at all?
        
               | WarChortle wrote:
               | Exactly, healthcare should be free, whatever your issue
               | is, whatever your status is, you should be able to go to
               | the doctor/hospital/whatever, and get treated. End of
               | story.
               | 
               | I got news for you its going to happen regardless, turns
               | out trying to extract as much profit from healthcare as
               | possible is a terrible idea.
               | 
               | Hospitals closing down
               | 
               | https://www.vox.com/policy-and-
               | politics/2022/11/28/23424682/...
               | 
               | https://www.clarionledger.com/story/news/2022/11/22/rural
               | -ho...
               | 
               | Or they can't afford to be staffed fully
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/11/us-hospitals-are-
               | so-...
               | 
               | For profit health care is a scam and the US healthcare
               | system is failing rapidly. And its only getting worse.
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | "Hospitals will stabilize anyone, regardless of ability
               | to pay."
               | 
               | They will stabilize you and then kick you out to the curb
               | quickly. And depending how they felt that day they will
               | send you an outrageous bill.
        
               | vxNsr wrote:
               | This is false, a hospital cannot kick you out, you need
               | to agree that you are ready to leave.
        
               | linuxdude314 wrote:
               | That's BS. I've been to the hospital plenty of times in
               | USA and have never been asked if I'm ready to leave.
               | 
               | Patients get discharged when doctors say so.
        
               | justin66 wrote:
               | > > "They didn't pay, so they die."
               | 
               | > This isn't a thing in the US. Hospitals will stabilize
               | anyone, regardless of ability to pay.
               | 
               | It's weird that you think you've offered a retort here. A
               | person who cannot afford medical treatment and
               | experiences one or more of these emergency room visits
               | followed by immediate discharge as soon as legally
               | permissible is likely to die before their time, perhaps
               | shortly after being discharged.
               | 
               | > First responders- police, ambulance, fire fighters-
               | will save any life they are able to.
               | 
               | They do that sometimes when it suits them, but they
               | certainly aren't legally obligated to.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | > firefighters literally stood and watched a building burn
             | down instead of playing with their toys
             | 
             | Please reconsider your apparent lack of appreciation for
             | the work and risks of others. Firefighting is not "playing
             | with toys."
        
             | AlexTWithBeard wrote:
             | The question is: on one hand, any sane adult should be able
             | to make whatever decision they want regarding their own
             | health and property (some text in small font goes here).
             | 
             | On the other hand no sane adult will refuse medical
             | insurance: it's an outright suicidal behavior, unless you
             | have a seven-digit sum in your account.
             | 
             | So...?
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | > I think the moral of the story is America has some very
             | serious third-world problems. The reason things like this
             | go on in America and not in any other developed country is
             | that Americans just accept it. "They didn't pay, so they
             | die." Here is how much they accept it, firefighters
             | literally stood and watched a building burn down instead of
             | playing with their toys. Not only that, the fire department
             | refused to accept money to put it out.
             | 
             | It's not just a question of money, but legal arrangements.
             | Going into a fire isn't a game--it puts the firefighters
             | and their equipment at risk. What does the firefighters'
             | insurance contract look like? If one of the firefighters
             | gets hurt, is their insurance going to cover it when the
             | fire was outside the jurisdiction of that fire department?
             | Insofar as this illustrates a "problem" it's not a "third-
             | world" one, but a distinctly American one. Americans are
             | the most legalistic people in the world, and reflexively
             | accept the consequences of the legal state of affairs. In
             | many other contexts, that's a strength, not a weakness.
             | 
             | > This whole "unincorporated land" execuse is a sad state
             | of affairs. The whole "You're not with us, so it's not our
             | problem" mindset is really why America is so low down on
             | every single ranking in the world, except for military
             | might.
             | 
             | Even Americans aren't so tribal as to hold grudges between
             | towns and adjacent unincorporated land. The significance of
             | the house being on unincorporated land is that it
             | demarcates the _legal boundaries of the fire department 's
             | jurisdiction._ A public body acting outside its
             | jurisdiction can have all sorts of consequences.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | You didn't refute parent's main points at all, saying
               | 'this is by law and contracts' just confirms his
               | statements about bigger problems within society. If
               | firemen let someone's house burn while the owner begs
               | them for help, its something wrong on very basic moral
               | level, and no matter of lawyering around is changing
               | that.
               | 
               | Parent summarized well why people like me would never
               | want to spend their lives or raise kids in places like US
               | although we like visiting there, not when I can see in
               | (some parts) of Europe how modern society should work as
               | 1 unit, taking care and helping the weak because its
               | simply the right fucking moral thing to do. It is in some
               | aspects Star Trekkish utopia that actually works long
               | term and improves lives of everybody involved.
               | 
               | Yes it costs money, almost nobody here has comparable US
               | wages, but what are those numbers for when 1 serious
               | visit to emergency can financially wipe out poorer
               | families and good luck sending few kids to university,
               | which are both basically no-topics here. Suddenly that
               | million or two in the bank account seem more like
               | necessary minimal backup rather than actually free usable
               | money. And how many US families actually have those
               | numbers sitting around, its rather mortgages left and
               | right.
               | 
               | The amount of constant backstage stress for endless
               | stream of regular blue and also white collar joes this
               | removes is significant but hard to measure in easy-to-
               | present numbers. I tend to call it one very important
               | part of quality of life.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | What's wrong on a moral level about this story is that
               | the homeowners refused to pay for the fire department,
               | decided to live on unincorporated land, and then expected
               | the firemen to risk their lives to save property -- not
               | to save lives, just to save property.
               | 
               | We can't have a functioning society if people who opt out
               | of paying for it demand to benefit from it anyway. If
               | people could get away with that, nobody would pay for the
               | fire department and it wouldn't exist. By caving in this
               | situation, the fire department would have signaled to
               | everyone else that it's ok to not pay.
               | 
               | Maybe the tax that supports the fire department ought to
               | be mandatory? Sure, that is how it works almost
               | everywhere in the US. People who live in places where
               | that is not the case are doing so on purpose, and they
               | would vote against changing it.
               | 
               | Want to live in the middle of nowhere and depend on the
               | government for little or nothing? Go for it, but don't
               | complain when you want the government's help. Want to
               | live in a city with a lot of government services? You can
               | do that too. At least people have a choice.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Yes, fighting fires is dangerous. Can't blame the
               | firefighters for not fighting a fire that they weren't
               | legally or contractually required to fight, though fire
               | departments can and do often volunteer to fight fires in
               | other jurisdictions, so they could have (and perhaps
               | should have, but that depends on the details of the
               | fire).
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | > The reason things like this go on in America and not in
             | any other developed country is that Americans just accept
             | it. "They didn't pay, so they die."
             | 
             | The reason you think this may be because your
             | preconceptions stopped you reading what was written. This
             | is not what happened, and not what happens.
        
             | mabbo wrote:
             | The solution is that the government steps in and says "No,
             | you _must_ ". And American culture does not like when
             | government says "must".
             | 
             | But in the rest of the world, we act like grown ups and
             | accept that sometimes, it's perfectly okay.
        
               | bombolo wrote:
               | > And American culture does not like when government says
               | "must".
               | 
               | Except when it's about treating everyone like terrorists
               | in airports, I presume.
        
               | cragfar wrote:
               | Why is it not acceptable for someone to lose everything
               | when three different entities (probably more) say "hey
               | you should do this".
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | No, you have this backwards. Acting like a grownup means
               | taking responsibility for your own actions and not
               | expecting the government, or any institution, to
               | magically make sure nothing bad ever happens to you.
               | Paying for services like firefighting is fine; but being
               | forced to pay for things because some government
               | bureaucrat decrees it is not.
               | 
               | And acting like a grownup also means letting people take
               | the consequences of their decisions. According to other
               | posters in this thread, the family in question repeatedly
               | refused to pay a fair price for firefighting coverage,
               | and the fire was started by a family member. That means
               | the consequences are on them.
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | Acting like a grownup means that you realize that not all
               | things that happen to people are their own fault and that
               | you yourself can't totally avoid bad things no matter how
               | careful you are. It also means to understand that some
               | things can be handled much better by a shared effort
               | instead of everybody on their own. That's why we have
               | police, firefighters and the military.
        
               | thegrimmest wrote:
               | I think this is exactly where reasonable people disagree.
               | Some (myself included) feel that acting like a grownup
               | means exactly that everything that nature (not other
               | people) inflicts on you is your _responsibility_. This
               | includes your house catching on fire or your person
               | contracting a disease.
        
               | linuxdude314 wrote:
               | No reasonable person thinks this.
               | 
               | If you truly believe this, your perspective have been
               | warped by the culture you are immersed in.
               | 
               | It sounds like you don't find value in living in a
               | society.
               | 
               | Try living in a different culture than USA for 6 months
               | to a year and I suspect your eyes will be opened.
        
               | thegrimmest wrote:
               | I'm not so sure - entire revolutions have been had about
               | this, and extensive documents written, for centuries[1].
               | Not everyone is a negative utilitarian.
               | 
               | I value living a society where _cooperation_ is
               | (maximally) _voluntary_. Involuntary cooperation is
               | indistinguishable from a degree of slavery.
               | 
               | 1. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/rightsof.asp
        
               | bombolo wrote:
               | Declaration of human rights was about the right to have
               | your house burn down? You always learn some new made up
               | crazy thing on the internet!
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | Police, firefighters, and military don't have to be
               | provided by governments. There are plenty of historical
               | examples of all three being provided by private
               | institutions (indeed, the article referenced in this
               | discussion talks about such institutions for firefighters
               | in England over a period of several centuries).
               | 
               | Nor does charity for those in genuine need need to be
               | provided by governments. Indeed, charity throughout human
               | history has worked best when it is provided by private
               | institutions made up of people who genuinely want to help
               | others, of which there are plenty in the US as there are
               | everywhere, not by government departments staffed by
               | bureaucrats.
        
               | JetAlone wrote:
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Adults know the difference between creating sensible
               | regulation at the level of government and expecting some
               | authority to "magically make sure nothing bad ever
               | happens to you". They also know that planning ahead to
               | make sure that their government can provide important
               | services for everyone doesn't prevent anyone from
               | "letting people take the consequences of their
               | decisions".
               | 
               | There's a very childish culture in America where people
               | react to the idea of cooperation by stomping their feet
               | and crying "You're not the boss of me! You can't tell me
               | what to do!". It makes it very hard to work together to
               | improve things.
               | 
               | It's also a very selfish culture where people aren't just
               | indifferent to the terrible things that happen to other
               | people, they convince themselves that those people
               | _deserved_ terrible things to happen to them. It 's as if
               | they think that everyone looking out only for themselves
               | will cause only the "best" people to succeed and
               | therefore everyone else can and should be ignored. It is
               | childishness and it really hurts us as a nation.
        
               | pitaj wrote:
               | Coercion is not cooperation.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | Adults know that making sensible collective agreements
               | where necessary is not the same thing as government.
               | Governments never limit themselves to that. Certainly the
               | US government doesn't--even though that's exactly what
               | it's supposed to do under the Constitution.
               | 
               | Also, allowing people to suffer bad consequences from
               | their own choices does not mean being indifferent. It
               | just means refusing to adopt a "cure" that is worse than
               | the disease.
               | 
               | Adults also know that collective agreements to provide
               | the means to help those who are in trouble through no
               | fault of their own are called "charity", and are best
               | done by private institutions made up of people who
               | genuinely want to help others (and there are plenty of
               | those in the US just as there are everywhere), not
               | government departments staffed by bureaucrats.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > Adults also know that collective agreements to provide
               | the means to help those who are in trouble through no
               | fault of their own are called "charity", and are best
               | done by private institutions
               | 
               | While your other arguments are subjective, this one is
               | just plain factually wrong. It will always be far less
               | efficient to depend on a few individuals to shoulder
               | large expenses or for disparate organizations (each with
               | their own overhead expenses) to find and collect smaller
               | contributions than it is for everyone to pay just a small
               | amount automatically to collectively cover an expense
               | through a single origination.
               | 
               | In addition to the massive inefficiencies of charity, and
               | the fact that many charities are really little more than
               | scams, there are still several other problems with them.
               | See for example:
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/charity/against_1.shtml
               | 
               | https://harvardpolitics.com/charity-band-aid/
               | 
               | Some of these problems are even seen by some people as
               | benefits. For example, federal or state aid to victims of
               | a natural disaster would go to help everyone impacted,
               | but a charity to help them can allow someone to only
               | support certain people while discriminating against
               | others. Some people actually find it extremely preferable
               | to restrict all their charitable giving to only people
               | with a certain religion, or skin color, or political
               | opinion, but the freedom that gives a person to leave
               | "the wrong kind of people" to suffer is still a massive
               | problem when your goal is to help everyone impacted.
               | 
               | Charity is great, when it's not a total scam, and it's
               | equitable, and the origination is lucky enough to find
               | enough people willing to take the time to research them
               | and give them enough donations to accomplish what needs
               | to be done, but it's still no substitute for government
               | programs.
               | 
               | Government programs can have their problems too
               | certainly. They can be run poorly, they can not do enough
               | to help people, and the help they provide can be less
               | than equitable, but you're entitled to a much higher
               | level of control and transparency over government
               | programs and you always have the ability to vote for
               | improvements and hold the government accountable when
               | they fail to deliver.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | >* It will always be far less efficient to depend on a
               | few individuals to shoulder large expenses or for
               | disparate organizations (each with their own overhead
               | expenses) to find and collect smaller contributions than
               | it is for everyone to pay just a small amount and
               | collectively cover an expense through a single
               | origination.*
               | 
               | On the assumption that the single organization will
               | actually do the job, perhaps. But it won't. Ask anyone
               | who has actual experience with such government
               | organizations, as, for example, my wife and I have (she
               | far more than me--she was a social worker for 20 years).
               | They don't actually help the people they're supposed to
               | help.
               | 
               | So your claim is factually wrong, not mine. I did not
               | claim that private charities are perfect. I only claimed
               | that charity is best done by private institutions, i.e.,
               | that on net they do better than government programs.
        
             | thegrimmest wrote:
             | Even if we take your points at face value, which other
             | comments clearly don't, you seem to be coming from a rather
             | ethnocentric perspective. It seems that you value "solving
             | problems" above other things, I'd hazard that your personal
             | philosophy can be categorized as negative utilitarianism.
             | This isn't a universally shared perspective. There are many
             | other worldviews that prioritize other things besides
             | reducing suffering. In the case of the US, it seems to me
             | that Americans value individual liberty over ameliorating
             | suffering. These values do in fact come into conflict
             | often, and there's no one "right" answer.
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | >This whole "unincorporated land" execuse is a sad state of
             | affairs. The whole "You're not with us, so it's not our
             | problem" mindset is really why America is so low down on
             | every single ranking in the world, except for military
             | might.
             | 
             | I'm really curious where you're from.
             | 
             | On the specific point of unincorporated land, I think
             | you're _vastly_ underestimating how physically _large_ the
             | US is.
             | 
             | For example, Rovaniemi seems pretty isolated from the rest
             | of Europe, right?
             | 
             | It's level of isolation (both in terms of distance to the
             | next large city and hospitability of the land in between)
             | is similar to Las Vegas. Salt Lake City isn't too far off
             | either. America is _huge._
             | 
             | The US just has _too much empty land_ to offer urban-level
             | fire services to everyone who chooses to live in the
             | country side. It 's logistically not possible. So instead
             | if you _choose_ to live in the wilderness, you can _also
             | choose_ to pay for protection, but if you don 't, then I'm
             | not sure exactly what your expectations are.
             | 
             | In terms of 'whataboutism' - Europe (assuming that's where
             | you are) sure loves shedding the responsibility for the
             | chaos they caused in the colonies, while living in
             | buildings paid for by/made out of materials physically
             | stolen from those colonies.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > It's level of isolation (both in terms of distance to
               | the next large city and hospitability of the land in
               | between) is similar to Las Vegas. Salt Lake City isn't
               | too far off either. America is huge.
               | 
               | Right. The issue isn't so much that "America lets people
               | die because they don't pay." It's that "America gives
               | people the freedom to live in the middle of fucking
               | nowhere, including where a state or local government
               | can't reasonably commit to offering reliable emergency
               | services."
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | Except, in the link scenario. Stop trying to twist it.
               | Every other country has communities that live so far from
               | anyone that they're in trouble if they have a heart
               | attack. But you know what? They still have something.
               | House burning down? The local volunteer fire fighters
               | will help you out. Not, we'll come out and put out your
               | neighbours fire and stop and the fence line. And ignore
               | you and refuse any offer of money to help you.
               | 
               | The issue is the US can't get it's shit together. And
               | they can't get their shit together because Americans
               | accept it. They just think "That's they're problem".
        
               | bloppe wrote:
               | The US operates on a fundamentally different scale from
               | most other countries. It's so big and diverse (in terms
               | of both people and biomes) that the only effective way to
               | organize is heavily federated. Fire laws in California
               | are very different from in Tennessee. There are a few
               | ways to accurately paint Americans in broad strokes, but
               | not many.
               | 
               | I'd encourage you to travel around America a bit.
               | Foreigners are often shocked by how nice and helpful
               | people are here. Americans are by far the most
               | financially charitable people in the world [1] but can be
               | famously neighborly in many more ways than that.
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by
               | _charita...
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | America has the largest amount of recorded donations to
               | their rather stretched legal definition of a "charity".
               | This says a lot more about the American tax code than it
               | does about American generosity. I'd encourage you to
               | travel around the world a bit.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | The linked scenario was controversial _because_ this one
               | small town of 2,500 chose to not help (vs. the standard
               | practice of other towns that do help). _Then_ the
               | national outcry from _the rest of America_ caused them to
               | change it.
               | 
               | Wherever you're from, I'd love to use a town of 2,500's
               | actions to define the morality of your country...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Fulton,_Tennessee#%22
               | Pay...
        
               | that_guy_iain wrote:
               | >On the specific point of unincorporated land, I think
               | you're vastly underestimating how physically large the US
               | is.
               | 
               | So is Russia, they don't have these problems. The US is
               | vast so we can't have basic stuff.
               | 
               | And most of the US population is next to each other with
               | large areas of nothing.
        
               | ejb999 wrote:
               | >>So is Russia, they don't have these problems.
               | 
               | Really, Russia doesn't have any similar problems? You
               | want to rethink that by any chance? because now you are
               | making yourself sound quite ignorant.
        
               | Animatronio wrote:
               | "America is HUUUGE" comes up everytime someone says
               | anything at all. Too many guns? America is huge. Urban
               | sprawl? America is huge. No trains? America is huge. The
               | US is #4 in terms of total area, behind russia, canada
               | and china, and closely followed by brazil and australia.
               | If the others manage at least some of this stuff, one
               | would imagine that the US can do it at least as well.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | Do you have any familiarity with those countries and
               | where people live?
               | 
               | Do you _really_ think that metrics on quality of life in
               | Krasnoyarsk Krai or Northwest Territories are drastically
               | better than Wyoming?
               | 
               | I wont even get started on what life is like in Xinjiang.
               | 
               | EDIT: Also, you're saying that Australia, Canada, Russia
               | and Brazil have good train infrastructure? And getting
               | even more pedantic, you're a fan of the trains west of
               | Chengdu?
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | The trains in Xinjiang compare very favourably with those
               | in the US. The media paints a very one-sided picture of
               | what life is like there; not to defend the CCP's awful
               | actions, but if the way certain communities in St Louis
               | get treated were reported the same way...
        
         | Yizahi wrote:
         | The joys of libertarianism.
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | A libertarian scheme would look like what neighboring
           | counties in Tennessee do, which is to charge you an hourly
           | rate per truck if you didn't pay the subscription fee up
           | front. This is a case where clearly no one thought about how
           | to handle the free rider problem beforehand. I believe
           | they've changed the policy since.
        
             | throwawaymaths wrote:
             | No, the competing insurance companies as described in the
             | video is a libertarian scheme. Counties in Tennessee are a
             | state run operation and their refusal to fight fires is a
             | function of jurisdictional borders, which does not exactly
             | match libertarian values.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | I'm commenting on the parent which was responding to the
               | anecdote about Tennessee, and not the article. The fire
               | fighters in question in rural Tennessee are volunteers
               | and NOT run by the state. That's why they came up with
               | the subscription services. Some of the counties and towns
               | do contract with fire departments, but not all of them
               | and not the one in question.
               | 
               | I'm not actually sure what you're trying to say here.
        
         | afterburner wrote:
         | If this is the same story I read a long time ago, one of the
         | reasons the firefighters didn't intervene is because their
         | health insurance wouldn't cover any injuries, due to the house
         | not being part of their unit's responsibilities.
         | 
         | Universal health care might have changed the firefighters'
         | minds. On the other hand, perhaps other liabilities would not
         | have been covered too, so maybe not.
        
           | dantheman wrote:
           | I think it was a fundamental lapse of judgement and
           | incompetence on the firefighters side. They should have had a
           | plan for uninsured fires nearby, and been able to execute it.
           | What is the marginal cost of putting out a fire for the
           | uninsured, I'm sure its quite low - equipment is paid for,
           | staff is payed for, etc. So they should be able to make a
           | substantial profit by charging $20k for putting it out, or
           | whatever amount they deem necessary.
           | 
           | Just because this was an emergency doesn't mean it wasn't
           | unexpected. We would want firefighters to go the next town
           | over if there was a fire there, so it seems like their
           | insurance policy was improperly under specified.
        
             | ejb999 wrote:
             | >>They should have had a plan for uninsured fires nearby,
             | and been able to execute it.
             | 
             | They did have a plan, and they did execute on it - exactly
             | as they advertised.
             | 
             | ...and if they decided to risk it, and put out the fire
             | anyway - and tied up all their pumps hoses ladders and
             | trucks, and then another call comes in a few miles away -
             | from someone that _did_ pay for coverage - how much
             | liability would they have for tying up all of their
             | equipment at a fire they are not supposed to be fighting,
             | and thus unable to respond to the fires they are supposed
             | to be responding to?
             | 
             | People in this country should be free to make stupid
             | decisions - and free to suffer the consequences of those
             | stupid decisions.
        
         | yamtaddle wrote:
         | No solution to the free-rider problem ever makes everyone
         | happy.
        
           | wolfram74 wrote:
           | Interestingly, the low density of a rural area probably
           | changes the calculus on "let it burn or eat the loss as a
           | prevention measure" as opposed to places where uninsured
           | buildings might be physically touching insured ones.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | constantcrying wrote:
         | > And here we are in modern times where we do, indeed, let
         | buildings burn.
         | 
         | The linked article aside, letting buildings burn down is in
         | fact standard procedure for fire fighters. A sufficiently dense
         | fire is extremely hard to stop as long as it can fuel itself
         | and a controlled burn down is often the only reasonable way to
         | end a fire. It's not like anything would be recoverable in any
         | case.
        
           | jasonhansel wrote:
           | I would hope, at least, that firefighters would always
           | prioritize saving lives over saving property.
        
           | leetrout wrote:
           | Yes and no.
           | 
           | Defensive operations on an active fire ground are standard
           | operating procedures; no argument.
           | 
           | But most departments do not operate the way this department
           | in Tennessee does where they did not run the call when it was
           | received because the caller was not on their participant
           | list.
           | 
           | They would have likely encountered a brush fire or, at most,
           | a room and contents fire from the structures closest exposure
           | based on the story and they would not have let it just freely
           | burn.
        
             | constantcrying wrote:
             | I am absolutely not defending whatever happened in that
             | article. Truly a bizarre situation.
             | 
             | Where I live firefighters certain actions will require a
             | fee (obviously not paid to the firefighters), like pumping
             | out a cellar or felling a tree on private land which is not
             | threatening any property, but actually not fighting a fire
             | when it would be easily possible would be unthinkable.
        
       | at_a_remove wrote:
       | Other situations exist in which firefighters don't kill
       | themselves (quite literally) over it. Take fast food joints.
       | First, they're notorious for not cleaning their grease traps, but
       | second, many are self-insured. More interestingly, the fast-food
       | companies tend to scrap a building that has had a fire, have it
       | scraped down to the concrete pad, and build again. Source: was
       | just talking with a fire chief about this.
        
       | alexandargyurov wrote:
       | Video: I was wrong (and so was everyone)
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wif1EAgEQKI
        
       | modernerd wrote:
       | "The Guild of Firefighters had been outlawed by the Patrician the
       | previous year after many complaints. The point was that, if you
       | bought a contract from the Guild, your house would be protected
       | against fire.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, the general Ankh-Morpork ethos quickly came to the
       | fore and fire fighters would tend to go to prospective clients'
       | houses in groups, making loud comments like 'Very inflammable
       | looking place, this' and 'Probably go up like a firework with
       | just one carelessly-dropped match, know what I mean?'"
       | 
       | -- Terry Pratchett: Guards! Guards!
        
         | nnadams wrote:
         | A great example of the confusing reality that the words
         | "inflammable" and "flammable" mean the exact same thing.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | This is likely more directly inspired by Marcus Licinius
         | Crassus:
         | 
         | > The first ever Roman fire brigade was created by Crassus.
         | Fires were almost a daily occurrence in Rome, and Crassus took
         | advantage of the fact that Rome had no fire department, by
         | creating his own brigade--500 men strong--which rushed to
         | burning buildings at the first cry of alarm. Upon arriving at
         | the scene, however, the firefighters did nothing while Crassus
         | offered to buy the burning building from the distressed
         | property owner, at a miserable price. If the owner agreed to
         | sell the property, his men would put out the fire; if the owner
         | refused, then they would simply let the structure burn to the
         | ground. After buying many properties this way, he rebuilt them,
         | and often leased the properties to their original owners or new
         | tenants.
        
         | db48x wrote:
         | Twoflower the tourist telling people about in-sewer-ants was
         | also pretty funny.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | This reminds me of when I learned there was no such thing as "The
       | Children's Crusade".
       | 
       | As my history professor put it, "going to the Holy Land was an
       | incredibly expensive endeavour reserved for a very few. There's
       | no way anyone was going to waste it on young, inexperienced
       | children".
       | 
       | Nearly every source we had saying that the crusade involved
       | children came much later, after a few writers referred to the
       | same source with a mistranslation (think reading "me and the
       | boys" as referring to actual children).
       | 
       | But people spent 500 years discussing the horrors of the
       | children's crusade without ever really questioning if it
       | happened.
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | Wouldn't children be useful in terms of doing a bunch of tasks
         | that aren't worth the time of your soldiers? Ie what was the
         | age of the squires for the soldiers?
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | A squire would generally be between the ages of 14 to 21. A
           | pre-teen boy wouldn't be useful for the core duties of a
           | squire because of a lack of strength for the physical labor
           | involved in handling arms, armor and horses.
        
             | LarryMullins wrote:
             | Prior to the modern era, the Royal Navy and others had boys
             | sometimes 12 or younger on ships as servants, sometimes
             | (those boys with higher ranks) being trained to be
             | officers. The age for this sort of thing was gradually
             | raised with time, but even during WW2 there were still
             | minors serving on combat vessels. 134 boy seamen died when
             | the HMS Royal Oak was sunk in 1939.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | Yeah. I'm not sure where this certainty is coming from
               | considering how youngsters couldn't be part of the
               | crusades considering they've historically always been
               | involved in conflict:
               | 
               | > In 1814, for example, Napoleon conscripted many
               | teenagers for his armies.[28] Thousands of children
               | participated on all sides of the First World War and the
               | Second World War.[29][30][31][32] Children continued to
               | be used throughout the 20th and early 21st century on
               | every continent, with concentrations in parts of Africa,
               | Latin America, and the Middle East.[33] Only since the
               | turn of the millennium have international efforts begun
               | to limit and reduce the military use of children.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children_in_the_military
               | 
               | I can see how it would be controversial because an
               | argument could be made that children only are useful when
               | you have some kind of artillery that doesn't require the
               | strength needed for a bow / crossbow. Still, I wouldn't
               | discount anything, especially on the purely modern
               | subjective view of "it wouldn't make financial sense".
               | Lots of human endeavors and actions don't make financial
               | sense. It's not the only axis upon which humans behave.
               | 
               | I suspect of the controversy probably arises from the age
               | "child" denotes. Is it a prepubescent human (lets say 10
               | and under) or a teenager (let's say 13 and over).
        
               | cafard wrote:
               | As far as I know, the draft in the US has always had a
               | minimum age of 18, and one could volunteer at 17, but
               | only with a parent's consent. Most young men grow
               | considerably between 13 and 17.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Why is that relevant? There are also child soldiers even
               | younger than 13, today. Just not in the US. Additionally,
               | before the 21c US surveillance state, it was very easy to
               | lie about your age in a way that would take a long time
               | to verify. An enormous number of underage boys lied their
               | way into WWII. If you were born at home, you may not have
               | even had a birth certificate.
        
               | LarryMullins wrote:
               | Yeah, I think the above comment is also underselling the
               | strength of pre-teen children, or greatly overestimating
               | the weight of arms, armor, and the strength needed to do
               | things with horses. Children have worked on farms around
               | horses ever since horses were domesticated. A sword or
               | breastplate only weighs a few pounds, a knight could
               | easily employ a pre-teen child to polish his armor, oil
               | his sword, wax his boots, make his breakfast, or any
               | number of other chores a knight doesn't want to bother
               | with personally.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Swords and breastplate weigh far more than a "few
               | pounds." Breastplate is close to 20lbs, a two-handed
               | sword up to 10lbs. And that's just a small amount of the
               | armor a knight would have (ignoring the fact that most
               | warriors of the era wore chainmail, not plate).
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | Multiple children could work together to carry the armor.
               | Pack animals would be responsible for carrying over
               | longer distances.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | Sure, but to that extent the "children" that would have been
           | sent would have been considered normal working age.
           | 
           | Funnily enough, the word "infantry" comes from the same word
           | as "infant". IE, the young guys on the battle field.
        
         | qwytw wrote:
         | > As my history professor put it, "going to the Holy Land was
         | an incredibly expensive endeavour reserved for a very few.
         | There's no way anyone was going to waste it on young,
         | inexperienced children".
         | 
         | While a Crusade made up primarily of children is not realistic.
         | The 'People's Crusade' was a thing. During the first Crusade 40
         | thousand or so poor peasants and various religious fanatics
         | including many women and children departed Northern France a
         | couple of months before the 'proper' army left.
         | 
         | It wasn't pretty. Along the way they murdered thousands of
         | Jews, sacked or attempted to sack multiple cities and most of
         | those who survived the journey were eventually massacred by the
         | Turks (according to some that's one of the reasons why the
         | Turks were so ill prepared when the actual Crusader army
         | arrived, they expected that all westerners were poorly armed,
         | disorganized and had no understanding or proper warfare... )
        
           | FormerBandmate wrote:
           | That's pretty close to what we think of as the Children's
           | Crusade. It was peasants with little weapons or training
        
         | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
         | IIRC, the Children's Crusade never made it to the Holy Land.
         | Instead they ended up a port in Europe where some "friendly"
         | people offered to take them to the Holy Land on their ships for
         | free. Turns out they were slavers and the children were taken
         | to Northern Africa and sold as slaves.
         | 
         | This story sounds actually plausible as it may not be that far
         | from where the children started to a port city.
        
           | shagmin wrote:
           | That's basically how I remember learning it.
           | 
           | The Wikipedia article mentions that also, but only after one
           | of the children who apparently had visions from God and said
           | the Mediterranean Sea would part into two and leave a path
           | (sort of like the Red Sea for Moses) for them to march
           | directly to the Holy Land...when that failed they settled on
           | hitching a ride on ships from people who turned out to be
           | slavers.
        
         | relaxing wrote:
         | Wikipedia is right there:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children's_Crusade
         | 
         | It's pretty big jump from "it never happened" to "some things
         | happened, just not the way the stories told us."
        
         | qikInNdOutReply wrote:
         | ? The whole of medieval europe swarms with stories of surplus
         | children send to fend for themselves as servants and workers
         | abroad. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwabenkinder
         | 
         | Whole areas exported there population as soldiers, mercenaries
         | and mining people. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_Guard
         | Most of them were like the taliban in afghanistan, interlocked
         | in eternal holy wars.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War
         | 
         | Well obviously the taliban aint real either. A mountainous
         | area, in eternal intertribal warfare.. not actually accepting
         | the nation state.. ridiculous thought.
         | 
         | The english soldiers fighting in the independence war against
         | the americans, were partially germans, sold by in debted
         | aristoctrats. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junker_(Prussia)
         | 
         | This was the reality on the ground, even up until the 2nd
         | worldwar. The only escape for the peasants and althose 2nd,3rd
         | sons who were bound to the land, was to go on pilgrimages.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilgrimage or to flee to the "new
         | world" were the nicer frontier awaited them.
         | 
         | I find the idea of a children crusadd very plausible. The
         | crusader knights surely promised the conquered lands to
         | peasants who would follow them. And pre-pestilence europe was
         | certainly crowded.
         | 
         | Idealism is nice. Success self hypnosis is nice. But not
         | believing in the brutality of bygone reality, while some parts
         | of it are still around you, is foolish, and spreading that
         | foolishness, is preparing for it to repeat itself. Work hard
         | and meaningful, if not for yourselves, then to prevent the
         | return of the olden times.
        
           | Bouncingsoul1 wrote:
           | wow. almost all of your sources (except the last one, which
           | is quite broad) misses the timeframe of "medival europe".
        
         | Eleison23 wrote:
         | I wrote a research paper in college on the Children's Crusade,
         | and the question I posed to be answered was "how many children
         | participated in it?"
         | 
         | It turns out that it was a real phenomenon, and many children
         | did leave home, but being children, practically none of them
         | made it to the Holy Land. The journey for many was much, much
         | shorter. And likewise, for many it was merely a spiritual
         | crusade and they went nowhere but "TO GOD!" as they were heard
         | to shout.
         | 
         | There were eyewitnesses and contemporary accounts, and I
         | compiled an impressive list of sources to document what could
         | be gleaned from those accounts from a modern perspective.
        
           | ljf wrote:
           | Sounds like a fascinating paper - would like to read that, or
           | at least more of the sources.
        
       | monkmartinez wrote:
       | How times change!!!
       | 
       | We are the defacto fire and medical insurance providers in
       | metropolitan areas that employ/staff fire and EMS departments.
       | Funded by property or sales tax, we have become the primary care
       | providers for thousands of people in our cities.
       | 
       | We also get called for water leaks, hazardous spills, vehicle
       | accidents, construction mishaps, swift water rescues, hiker
       | rescues, venomous snake removal, bee attacks and dangerous hive
       | removal, roof collapses, natural gas leaks, stubbed toes,
       | fentanyl abuse, mental health emergencies, gun fights, knife
       | fights, cooking fires, refrigerant leaks, trench collapse, people
       | and things stuck in very high places, flash floods, electrical
       | problems and much much more...
        
       | RunSet wrote:
       | I once heard some Lenny Bruce standup that gave me the impression
       | that firemen were generally considered opportunistic thieves at
       | the time of the material's delivery, independent of its
       | punchline.
        
       | for_i_in_range wrote:
       | "Show me the incentive, I'll show you the outcome." --Charlie
       | Munger
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | We have a ~$200 fee for trash pickup in our municipality. You get
       | the bill every year.
       | 
       | If you don't pay it, a 10% penalty is added. The next step, a
       | lien is placed on the property.
       | 
       | They never stop picking up the trash, though. The next purchaser
       | of your property has to pay the existing trash bill!
       | 
       | This same council raised water rates so they could reduce the
       | penalties for late water bill payments.
        
         | frosted-flakes wrote:
         | Why is trash pickup not bundled with property taxes? It's seems
         | ridiculous to charge for it separately when every occupied home
         | will generate a similar amount of trash.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Why should it be part of taxes at all? I've lived in places
           | with city trash pickup, and places where you choose your own
           | private company to get your trash (in the later some cheap
           | people just drove their trash to the dump every couple
           | months). The costs were about the same in the best case so
           | long as the private people shopped around, and in the worst
           | cases the city didn't shop around and so costs were a lot
           | more.
        
             | frosted-flakes wrote:
             | Because with the information I was given above:
             | 
             | - every household gets trash collection service, no matter
             | what
             | 
             | - every household must pay a flat fee for trash collection
             | service, no matter what
             | 
             | Why charge it as a separate fee?
        
               | pkaye wrote:
               | Smaller households can generate less trash. In our area
               | you can pick between 3 sizes of trash/recycling/green
               | bins. The trash bin size determines the service cost but
               | there is no additional cost for the recycling and green
               | bins.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Probably because you can get them to stop picking up and
               | charging if you show some process of your own. Sewage is
               | sometimes bundled with property tax, sometimes with the
               | water bill - another example.
        
             | ThunderSizzle wrote:
             | You don't want your neighbor to not have trash pickup if
             | they live within smelling distance. You want their trashed
             | to be picked up. If you live in an area where that can
             | easily become a problem, it becomes important to make it
             | regular and "included".
             | 
             | If you have more space/land in between, it doesn't matter
             | nearly as much.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | Sometimes there's other restrictions.
           | 
           | For example,
           | 
           | - In some states there's a cap on property tax increases. So
           | the moving to a fee-model takes it off the tax levy by making
           | it a user fee.
           | 
           | - Bundling trash services with the tax levy is inequitable in
           | that commercial properties are subsidizing services they do
           | not use. A 20 unit apartment building usually has to use a
           | private hauler, for example.
           | 
           | - Some places try to setup consumption based models, where
           | you pay per occupancy unit or even by the bag.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | cratermoon wrote:
       | An interesting analysis of the outcomes of free market forces at
       | work.
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | This seems like an interesting short survey of London
       | firefighting history, but I'm missing the debunking people are
       | remarking about. The only thing that slightly resembles debunking
       | is that in the conclusion the idea that fire brigades ever let
       | houses burn is referred to in passing as a "legend."
       | 
       | In regard to the _legend_ - I don 't think that anyone ever said
       | that fire brigades would refuse to put out uninsured buildings
       | where the fire might spread to other buildings, that fire
       | brigades couldn't be induced by cash to put out the fires of the
       | uninsured, or that cities never offered baseline inducements for
       | fire brigades to put out fires whether the buildings were insured
       | or not. That would be adding content to the _" legend"_ in order
       | to debunk it. Looking at the record and finding out that all of
       | these things happened is expected and unremarkable.
       | 
       | The fires that we would _expect_ not to be put out if the _"
       | legend"_ were accurate would be fires that happened to uninsured
       | buildings that didn't endanger nearby structures, buildings owned
       | by people who didn't have enough cash or credit to convince an
       | uncontracted fire brigade to act, that were close enough to the
       | city to be accessible to a fire brigade yet far enough away that
       | the city didn't feel responsible for them. Additionally, the
       | chance that a building owner might simply pay (under flaming
       | duress) a brigade that showed up would mean that they probably
       | generally _would show up,_ and if they weren 't ever willing to
       | watch a building burn, they'd be undercutting their own last
       | minute deals.
       | 
       | These are the exactly the fires that we would expect not to be in
       | the record. Fires in detached structures, owned by people with no
       | money.
       | 
       | It seems that the city started rewarding brigades for putting out
       | fires in uninsured households based on the order in which they
       | arrived. Additionally, they were consolidating/federating in
       | order to take on larger contracts - which incidentally meant
       | [original scholarship] that the consolidated/federated brigades
       | would always get the first arrival bonus through this collusion.
       | As the number of independent brigades dwindled and the
       | _socialist_ city reward money became large enough that the actual
       | insurance element receded to only being profitable for large
       | contracts rather than individual homes, the consolidated block of
       | fire brigades organized their own nationalization.
        
       | hristov wrote:
       | Sorry but I do not believe this. The paper rings a lot of alarm
       | bells. It provides very little evidence for the actual thesis it
       | is trying to prove and provides ample evidence that seem related
       | to the thesis it is trying to prove but in fact it does nothing
       | to prove it. Thus, the paper provides plenty of evidence that
       | insurance companies helped each other to fight fires at sites
       | insured by their fellow insurance companies, and then
       | subsequently reimbursed each other for these efforts, but that of
       | course has no bearing on what the paper is trying to prove.
       | 
       | Usually commonly held widely believed oral histories emerge for a
       | good reason. So if it was commonly believed that insurance
       | companies let un-insured buildings burn, then it is likely to be
       | true at least part of the time.
       | 
       | Also, lets look at the source -- he is an "archive and heritage
       | consultant", i.e. someone that solicits money for his research.
       | Is he getting paid for this article? Is he writing this in the
       | hopes that he will advertise his services for insurance
       | companies?
        
         | stickfigure wrote:
         | There's a significant percentage of people (even here on HN)
         | that believes "Facebook sold personal information to Cambridge
         | Analytica and they used this information to win the election
         | for Trump".
         | 
         | My prior is that people repeat good stories somewhat
         | independently of their truth value. Older stories that are hard
         | to verify are more suspect. I think we should default to
         | skepticism.
        
           | turtledragonfly wrote:
           | I'll bite -- so what _did_ happen with Cambridge Analytica?
           | 
           | As far as I can tell[1], the only thing wrong with what you
           | said is "Facebook sold...", where in reality, the data was
           | surreptitiously gathered. Or are you referring to something
           | else?
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facebook%E2%80%93Cambridge_
           | Ana...
        
             | stickfigure wrote:
             | * Cambridge Analytica created an insipid quiz and got many
             | people to install it.
             | 
             | * The quiz used public Facebook APIs to gather data; users
             | accepted a "share this data with the app" permission
             | request.
             | 
             | * Cambridge Analytica conned Republicans into paying them
             | for services using this "superweapon".
             | 
             | * There's no evidence (other than self-serving press
             | releases from Cambridge Analytica) that this had any
             | material effect on the election.
        
               | turtledragonfly wrote:
               | So maybe a fair re-phrasing would be: "Facebook provided
               | personal information to Cambridge Analytica and they used
               | this information to assist the Trump campaign"
               | 
               | With the understanding that (1) the data was taken
               | without the permission of all people impacted (i.e. if
               | your _friend_ installed the app and gave their
               | permission, then _you_ could be affected), and (2) it 's
               | debatable how effective the data actually was for the
               | campaign.
               | 
               | I think the "public Facebook APIs" descriptor is a little
               | off -- Facebook viewed it as a data breach and apologized
               | (and got sued, and fined, etc). So it was pretty shady,
               | not just simple above-board access.
        
         | SamBorick wrote:
         | The article specifically says:
         | 
         | Originally writing in 1692-3, Daniel Defoe noted that the
         | firemen were "very active and diligent" in helping to put out
         | fires, "whether in houses insured or not insured".[33]
         | Insurance companies' instructions to their firemen were clear -
         | they were to attend and help extinguish "all" fires. [34], [35]
         | 
         | What specific issue with this do you have? Do you disagree with
         | the content of "Of Assurances", in An Essay upon Projects? Or
         | the Union Fire Office Board Minutes?
         | 
         | Or did you just not read the article?
        
           | turtledragonfly wrote:
           | I can't speak for the person you replied to, but I don't
           | think the quote you provided really invalidates the point.
           | 
           | Maybe you two are talking past each other. One way to phrase
           | the core question is: "did fire companies let competitors'
           | buildings burn, regularly, as standard practice?" And I think
           | the evidence in the article pretty strongly indicates "No." I
           | think that's what you're referring to.
           | 
           | Another way to phrase the core question is: "Did it ever
           | happen, at various points in history, that fire companies let
           | competitors' buildings burn?" And I think the article
           | indicates that it very well may have. And the possibility was
           | absolutely used as a threat, even if it never actually came
           | to pass.
           | 
           | I feel like even a handful of such incidents would have been
           | so terrible as to get etched into social memory and passed
           | on, and I think that's the sort of thing the person you are
           | replying to was referring to.
           | 
           | So... I think you're both right (:
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | > Usually commonly held widely believed oral histories emerge
         | for a good reason. So if it was commonly believed that
         | insurance companies let un-insured buildings burn, then it is
         | likely to be true at least part of the time.
         | 
         | Yes, oral histories emerge for a reason, but that reason
         | doesn't have to be "because it was literally true". There are
         | countless oral traditions that are complete nonsense! Urban
         | legends existed 200 and 2000 years ago just as much as they do
         | today, and no historian would ever claim that you should take
         | _every_ oral history at face value.
         | 
         | > Also, lets look at the source -- he is an "archive and
         | heritage consultant", i.e. someone that solicits money for his
         | research. Is he getting paid for this article? Is he writing
         | this in the hopes that he will advertise his services for
         | insurance companies?
         | 
         | He was paid by a prominent YouTuber to find out whether a video
         | said YouTuber made several years ago was incorrect[0]. That
         | doesn't scream "conflict of interest" to me.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wif1EAgEQKI
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | I think it's an article where you need some context.
         | 
         | A relative is a retired fire chief of a city department and
         | overall fire buff. He's spent 15 years engrossed in this stuff
         | for various cities in the US - the answers vary! Usually in the
         | 19th century there were different types of fire service. A fire
         | brigade or volunteer company focused on protecting the city or
         | subscribers, and protective companies who salvaged buildings or
         | contents of buildings. Sometimes they worked differently in
         | different places, and you need to understand the context of
         | precisely when and where you are talking about.
         | 
         | Keep in the mind the nature of 18th and 19th century buildings
         | - often row houses, often with shared attics, etc. Protecting
         | property, then and now might mean sacrificing some buildings to
         | protect others. Consider the destruction of San Francisco...
         | when the leaders of the city fire department were all killed,
         | and underground water cisterns damaged by the earthquake, a
         | madman Army officer blew up half the city to "save" it.
         | 
         | The property insurance folks had a first priority to save the
         | contents of a house - they may be dragging the piano and hutch
         | out of a house while the house 3 doors down burned. Or they may
         | have helped. From the perspective of contemporary eyewitnesses,
         | what they report and write down may vary.
        
         | frosted-flakes wrote:
         | He was paid for the paper by Tom Scott, the video essayist.
         | There's an accompanying video at https://youtu.be/Wif1EAgEQKI
        
       | psychphysic wrote:
       | I'll need to update my local yours for when people visit me in
       | London.
        
       | turtledragonfly wrote:
       | I feel like people might read this (or just the headline) and
       | take away a message like "aha, so for-profit fire companies
       | actually worked just fine!"
       | 
       | As far as I know, there are still plenty of examples of that
       | model failing hideously in various ways (eg: [1][2], and many
       | examples of unproductive competition from TFA itself). This
       | article is specifically about firefighting in London, in a
       | certain time period -- notably starting _after_ the Great Fire,
       | when presumably those dangers were fresh in people 's minds.
       | 
       | And also, to its credit, I think the article leaves the question
       | pretty muddy and un-answered.                 [1] https://en.wiki
       | pedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Licinius_Crassus#Rise_to_power_and_wealth
       | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_M._Tweed#Early_career
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | It also ends with the fire brigades basically asking the city
         | to take over because they couldn't solve the free-rider
         | problem, so anyone who thinks of it as an example of the free
         | market system working clearly didn't read far enough.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-12-19 23:00 UTC)