[HN Gopher] The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The antimicrobial resistance crisis needs action now
        
       Author : ikbdsk
       Score  : 37 points
       Date   : 2022-12-25 21:41 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (journals.plos.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (journals.plos.org)
        
       | mustafabisic1 wrote:
       | I bet all those antibiotics prescribed for covid didn't help as
       | well. That was happening on a massive scale in my country
        
         | eschaton wrote:
         | Why were doctors prescribing antibiotics for COVID?!
        
           | pram wrote:
           | I think some of those 'kits' countries were distributing to
           | people early-on (before the vaccine) contained stuff like
           | doxycycline.
        
           | AustinDev wrote:
           | Secondary infections of bacterial pneumonia were common with
           | COVID iirc.
        
             | dopylitty wrote:
             | A study just came out showing that co-infections weren't
             | common [0]
             | 
             | 0: https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/Supplement_2/ofa
             | c492...
        
           | anbende wrote:
           | When I was in Peru, they kind of prescribed antibiotics for
           | everything. Persistent cold? Antibiotics. Like that.
           | 
           | Source: lived there with Peruvian partner for 18 months.
        
             | getoj wrote:
             | Same deal in Japan, every time my kid has a cold her mum
             | takes her to the doctor and comes home with antibiotics.
             | When I get a cold the first thing anyone asks is whether I
             | went to the doctor yet. For what? "Medicine."
        
         | silisili wrote:
         | Even in the US, pre COVID, every time I went to to doctor with
         | a bad cold/flu, they'd just give you a Z Pak(antibiotics) and
         | say...if it's bacterial this will kill it, if it's viral it'll
         | work itself out. So I can definitely see how they're
         | overprescribed.
        
           | seunosewa wrote:
           | They are cheaper than the tests to determine whether they're
           | needed.
        
           | zw7 wrote:
           | Z-pak (azithromycin) is not the recommended antibiotic for
           | bacterial sinus infections nor pneumonia (common bacterial
           | infections associated with upper respiratory infections) per
           | most guidelines. Interestingly though, it does have anti-
           | inflammatory properties in addition to its main antibacterial
           | effect. When I see a clinician prescribe a Z-pak (urgent
           | cares are notorious for having a low threshold for
           | prescribing Z-paks), part of me wonders if it's to avoid
           | overuse and potential resistance to appropriate antibiotics
           | and placate patients who want a quick fix.
           | 
           | The downside is that since they feel better from the anti-
           | inflammatory effect, its supports their initial thought they
           | needed antibiotics and in the future will always think they
           | need them, even though they very likely only have a viral
           | infection.
        
         | xahrepap wrote:
         | I'm still amazed at how many people are able to get their dr to
         | prescribe them antibiotics just by asking.
         | 
         | I knew someone who had a cold and said "but I asked my Dr for
         | some antibiotics and I'm taking DayQuil so I'll be better in a
         | day or two"
         | 
         | Im always left open mouthed gaping at them like... even if YOU
         | don't know. But at least the Dr should ...
        
           | YLYvYkHeB2NRNT wrote:
           | US doctors have to do everything to keep patients happy. CMS
           | rules their careers with satisfaction metrics. Hospital
           | ADMINS really push it on them. Complaints lead to job loss.
        
       | therusskiy wrote:
       | My wife has just got better from a case of pneumonia that
       | developed rapidly within several hours. If not for antibiotics...
       | 
       | We are back to medieval times if antibiotics stop working.
        
         | throwaway0x7E6 wrote:
         | >if
         | 
         | when
        
         | DrJohanson wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | zosima wrote:
       | I am quite sure, that if a sufficient bounty was given out for
       | developing new kinds of antimicrobials, they'd be developed in no
       | time.
       | 
       | The problem is that cost and risk of development and trials is
       | too large for the current rewards, and hence there is very little
       | new antimicrobials being developed. There are very many promising
       | leads though, and either making development cheaper (by requiring
       | smaller or fewer clinical trials) or ensuring good prices or
       | bounties for successful development would likely create a
       | plethora of antimicrobials in a quite short time frame.
        
         | lofatdairy wrote:
         | This is actually completely right. I believe there's some
         | policy in the works in the US after talking to a friend who's
         | doing some consulting work to help align the Cost-Benefit side
         | of antimicrobial development.
         | 
         | I can't say if there's a plethora of drugs just waiting to be
         | released after CT requirements are lowered, but definitely
         | there is less of an R&D incentive currently because pts who
         | take antimicrobials only take them temporarily and cases where
         | you need an advanced antimicrobial to deal with an AMR case are
         | thankfully uncommon.
         | 
         | Edit: I think this is the specific bill:
         | https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3932...
        
       | pazimzadeh wrote:
       | There are alternatives to antimicrobials being developed. Instead
       | of directly killing bacteria and therefore putting selective
       | pressure on them, you can prevent their ability to bind to host
       | surfaces and wash them away. The best example is probably
       | mannosides, which are high affinity mannose analogues currently
       | in clinical trial in humans for UTI treatment.
       | 
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22089451/
        
         | SonOfLilit wrote:
         | How is this putting less selection pressure on them?
        
       | nextos wrote:
       | We need more research in bacteriophages. They can be engineered
       | to avoid any resistance, and they can replace antibiotics in all
       | use cases.
       | 
       | Besides, they are much more selective. Getting antibiotics when
       | needed is OK, but they can lead to other health complications
       | down the road.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-12-25 23:00 UTC)