[HN Gopher] All About USB-C: Illegal Adapters
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       All About USB-C: Illegal Adapters
        
       Author : zdw
       Score  : 183 points
       Date   : 2022-12-27 18:14 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hackaday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hackaday.com)
        
       | zzo38computer wrote:
       | USB is really terrible for many reasons. This article describes
       | some of them, but it is worse than that. (I knew USB was bad; I
       | did not know it was quite that bad!!)
       | 
       | I think for charging, there should be a charging only port, and
       | for data, having separate ports which you can tell which physical
       | port is in use, and perhaps RS-232 or MIDI would be good, than
       | USB which is no good.
        
         | RockRobotRock wrote:
         | USB is the worst connection standard, except for all the other
         | ones.
        
       | ec109685 wrote:
       | I get what the EU is aiming for by banning lightening connectors,
       | but it would be nice if it was coupled with improvements to
       | USB-C.
        
         | curiousgal wrote:
         | This is why I don't think that would change anything. I am more
         | that certain Apple would abuse the standard to force the users
         | to only buy its cables.
         | 
         | Edit: I know complaining about downvotes only solicits more but
         | I am genuinely curious why two people thought this comment was
         | so irrelevant to the discussion that they downvoted it. Only
         | explanation is that they believe that Apple could do no wrong.
         | Lol
        
           | elzbardico wrote:
           | Really, the day the iphone gets a USB-C connector will be a
           | sad day to me. I hate that stupid male connector disguised as
           | a female smd mounted in a board.
        
           | scarface74 wrote:
           | Yes because it's not like Apple already has been shipping iOS
           | based devices that support USB C that can be used with any
           | USB C cable and supports all the relevant standards including
           | video over USB C.
           | 
           | Also, Apple will be forcing all Mac apps to go through the
           | Mac App Store any day now. Since it introduced the Mac App
           | Store a decade ago.
        
       | jasonhansel wrote:
       | For a while, I've been using a USB-C female to USB-A male adapter
       | to connect my MagSafe charger to various old-school USB wall
       | chargers. Somewhat surprisingly, this works perfectly; the
       | charging speed is probably slower but I haven't noticed.
       | 
       | That said, I'm guessing this violates some specification or
       | other. Ah, well, no explosions yet.
        
       | puzzlingcaptcha wrote:
       | About USB-C to barrel plug connectors: I think people generally
       | use a "PD decoy" board with that setup, which does Power Delivery
       | negotiation (usually based on the cheap IP2721 chip but you can
       | get a fancier one from ST) with a PD-capable power brick. This
       | way you can easily get 5/9/12/15/20V out of a single decent
       | quality GaN charger.
       | 
       | Now obviously you want to be careful with where you plug it in
       | but it's still quite convenient.
       | 
       | A more advanced way to do this is use an arduino board that can
       | negotiate arbitrary voltage in 20mV steps with a PPS-compliant
       | charger, effectively giving you a tiny lab power supply (although
       | you can't get under 3.3V and the chargers are still a bit pricy).
        
       | matthewfcarlson wrote:
       | I know I'm biased towards hackaday but I think this series is one
       | of the better ones they've ever done. The writing is tight and
       | clear. You can tell Arya is an expert in the area.
        
       | _Microft wrote:
       | Have a look at this tool to help find out what 'capabilities'
       | your cables have:
       | 
       | https://github.com/alvarop/usb_c_cable_tester
       | 
       | It has a number of connectors, the cable gets plugged into the
       | board with both ends and labelled LEDs will light up for wires
       | that are connected. It runs off a coin cell, no microcontroller,
       | no single-board computer, no nothing. Just a power source, LEDs
       | and connectors.
       | 
       | From what I remember, the creator said that the repo should
       | contain everything required to have some manufactured by JLCPCB
       | (that's a large Chinese PCB prototyping service that also
       | populates boards with components if you like).
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | Yes, you can get 5 boards assembled for around USD 44.-
         | https://github.com/alvarop/usb_c_cable_tester/blob/main/ORDE...
        
         | kps wrote:
         | I still have my RS232 version, but I thought those days were
         | over.
        
       | carabiner wrote:
       | I guarantee that within 3 years, a "USB-lite" will be announced
       | with minimal features in an attempt to solve this mess. Yay, now
       | you have n standards.
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | Is there any certification body that also has a list of certified
       | usb products ?
       | 
       | I literally cannot predict if a cable can charge, transfer data
       | slowly, fast or if it will fry my device.
       | 
       | I mostly want a *hard requirement for a specs label ON THE
       | CABLE*. How else am I supposed to know what they are for? Even
       | Apple is not labeling their cables.
       | 
       | Same physical appearance and no labeling is recipe for disaster
        
         | randy408 wrote:
         | https://www.usb.org/products
        
           | whatever1 wrote:
           | That is very helpful thanks!
        
         | googlryas wrote:
         | What ever happened to "Benson from Google", who was probably
         | the closest thing to a certifying body that the public could
         | trust.
        
           | theshrike79 wrote:
           | If it's the same person I'm thinking of, most of the content
           | disappeared with Google Wave.
        
       | cactusplant7374 wrote:
       | Holy shit. I do have to flip my Type C extension cable sometimes.
       | This sort explains what is happening.
       | 
       | I would like to have really long cables (12ft+). That way I don't
       | need to bring a bulky extension cord with me when traveling. Has
       | anyone found a way to make this work?
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | At this point, they should rename it to MSB - Multiversal Serial
       | Bus.
        
       | hoosieree wrote:
       | Ah, this takes me back to that time I had to add a USB-2.0
       | adapter inline with an all USB-C signal chain in order for the
       | operating system to recognize the device.
       | 
       | And that charger I have which is USB-C but only works in one
       | orientation.
       | 
       | And those expensive OpenFlow/P4 compatible switches in the
       | datacenter whose management interface is serial (as in RS-232),
       | but the form factor of the connector is USB-mini.
        
         | LarryMullins wrote:
         | I think there must be something fundamentally wrong with many
         | of the USB-C / USB 2.0 adapters on the market. I've burned out
         | 10 of them already, using them to connect my old trusty mouse
         | (5V, 100mA). The mouse works fine (20 years after I bought it!)
         | but the adapters only last a few months at most before they
         | start intermittently disconnecting, eventually failing
         | completely. I'm at my wits end with this because there is no
         | mouse on the market today with the same form and button layout.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _before they start intermittently disconnecting, eventually
           | failing completely_
           | 
           | My phone had this problem. I went through several cheap USB
           | cables over the course of a year, before finally realizing
           | it's not the cables that were the issue (other than being
           | cheap and easy to deform): the issue was caused by lint
           | accumulated in the USB port. After scraping it out with a
           | needle the issue went away.
           | 
           | The lint and dirt will accumulate over time, and get
           | compacted in the port by the charging cable, making it very
           | hard to spot, as it looks just like the back wall of the port
           | would. Cheap USB cables will easily deform after being
           | plugged a couple times, making them much easier to pull out -
           | but this alone will _not_ make the connection intermittent,
           | even though it _feels_ that way if you 're not aware of the
           | lint problem.
        
       | devwastaken wrote:
       | On top of bad usb-C, the chips used for Ethernet and HDMI are
       | also overwhelmingly poor. Every adapter overheats, so hot you
       | cannot touch it, even with a full metal case. We need a standards
       | body to ban junk products designed to be unsafe and/or destroy
       | your devices.
        
       | Robotbeat wrote:
       | Are there any competing connectors under development now? I
       | personally wonder of the mechanical robustness of a device-side
       | port that isn't a pure female port.
        
       | onewheeltom wrote:
       | The best thing about USB-C is the connector. Everything else is a
       | mess. I have a powered speaker with a USB-C port for "charging"
       | that does not work with a USB-C to USB-C cable. Only USB-A to
       | USB-C cables will charge the speaker.
        
         | Foobar8568 wrote:
         | Ducky keyboards are the same...
        
         | wlesieutre wrote:
         | I have a USB recharged LED lantern with the same problem
        
         | zlsa wrote:
         | This is a super common f*ckup in a truly ridiculous number of
         | devices. It's so common that somebody published a PCB design to
         | retrofit noncompliant devices to make them work:
         | https://github.com/ide/usb-c-to-c-power-mod
        
         | clumsysmurf wrote:
         | I hate USB-C connectors. All my phones have had the same issue:
         | USB-C connector busts and you can't insert the cable any more.
         | I use high quality Anker cables, and I keep having to buy new
         | Google Pixels over this. Replacing the USB-C port is around
         | $160.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Username checks out ;) But seriously, yes, they are
           | ridiculously fragile and usually only SMD soldered on, no
           | hole through part to give it some mechanical strength. Very
           | frustrating, I am _super_ careful inserting USB-C connectors
           | and have broken a couple already, fortunately not on anything
           | expensive.
        
             | clumsysmurf wrote:
             | Do you recommend any kind of port-saver magnetic cable ...
             | something like https://www.amazon.com/Magnetic-Charging-
             | Charger-Transfer-20... but with high speed data?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I haven't used anything like that, for me the problem
               | isn't tripping over cables but basically the force
               | required to attach the cable in the first place. I guess
               | a magnetic pigtail would reduce the number of times I
               | need to insert the cable but a regular USB-C extension
               | cable would do just as well for that purpose (and that's
               | what I use right now).
               | 
               | That's still not perfect because the 2 cm of plug
               | sticking out of the side of the device is long enough to
               | put substantial leverage on the soldered part inside the
               | device but that seems to be a given. I do try to find the
               | shortest possible plug to minimize that force, but can't
               | find them much shorter than that.
        
           | sephamorr wrote:
           | This probably isn't your issue, but I've had issues in the
           | past, usually with a cell phone that sits in my pocket, that
           | show up as cables no longer maintaining detent and falling
           | out. The issue was actually accumulated dirt in the bottom of
           | the female connector. Scraping it out with a toothpick fixed
           | it for me. Just a FYI.
        
             | genewitch wrote:
             | i feel as though the port in the phone is male, and the
             | cord side is female, since the part that actually "mates"
             | goes into the cord, not the other way around.
             | 
             | when i started typing this i had a coaxial cable in mind as
             | an example of "looks like female but isn't", although UHF/F
             | come close. the "male threaded" part is not the male
             | connector.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | There are little rubber covers that you can use to close
             | the connector hole when it isn't in use.
        
           | pigsty wrote:
           | If you keep buying the same cables and they keep breaking
           | things, they're probably not high quality.
           | 
           | In my experience, Anker products are nothing short of
           | garbage. Keyboards and adapters all break within weeks. I
           | feel like all the "anker is the best!" stuff I see online is
           | stealth marketing because I've had better results buying
           | absolutely anything else.
        
           | deathanatos wrote:
           | The connector on every phone I have ceases to work eventually
           | not because the connector is broken, but because the socket
           | has (sufficiently) filled with pocket lint such that the plug
           | isn't able to reliably connect anymore. One just needs to
           | remove the lint from the port. (And note that you won't see
           | the lint by gazing into the port, either; it has usually been
           | compacted into the bottom of the socket by the plug squishing
           | it down.)
           | 
           | I've fixed ~4 phones by doing that.
           | 
           | This was a problem with USB micro, too.
        
             | axiolite wrote:
             | Magnetic cables are a good solution to this and other
             | problems. The magnetic tip stays inserted at all times,
             | preventing lint infiltration.
        
             | Certhas wrote:
             | Any suggestions for how to clear the socket out?
        
               | hallway_monitor wrote:
               | I know the sibling suggested a toothpick, but everything
               | besides a needle has been too large and too week in my
               | experience. There's nothing important at the bottom of
               | the port so just jam it in there and scrape around until
               | you can get a bunch of lint out. You will be surprised
               | what you find.
        
               | Dma54rhs wrote:
               | Plastic sharp object to pick. Maybe toothpick and loads
               | of lighting.
        
           | delecti wrote:
           | I'll second the "relevant username" sentiment, but without
           | the winky face. I've had phones break in a variety of ways,
           | but the USB-C ports have always kept working.
        
           | eternityforest wrote:
           | I have never once seen a USB-C connector fail device side.
           | It's so far the most reliable connector I've ever used long
           | enough to have an opinion, perhaps with the exception of US
           | 120v plugs which suck for their own reasons.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | I was going to say the same thing. I don't understand how
         | that's possible - it's incredibly frustrating.
        
         | elzbardico wrote:
         | Really, compared to lightning USB-C connector is pure trash.
         | But compared to USB-A I concede it is an improvement.
        
           | genewitch wrote:
           | i always worry about the lightning connector shorting out
           | when it's not plugged in to something.
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | The way USB C is designed you have to go out of your way to
         | make that happen. I believe you (!) but I'm not sure how I
         | could build a device to behave that way. Could it be due to a
         | weirdly noncompliant power adaptor?
        
           | wiredfool wrote:
           | I've got a pair of cheap Bluetooth headphones that do that
           | too -- they only work with a usb a to c cable, not with a
           | proper usb c power supply and cable.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | That device, the speaker in this case, is missing the pull-
           | down (Rd) resistors on CC1 and CC2 to say that it's happy to
           | get 5v@500ma when connected using a USB-C to USB-C cable.
           | Those resistors aren't needed/used for signaling when using a
           | USB-C to USB-A cable, which is why that works.
           | 
           | https://community.silabs.com/s/article/what-s-the-role-of-
           | cc...
        
             | RobotToaster wrote:
             | So they saved a fraction of a cent per unit on two
             | resistors?
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | To GP's point, that's the problem with Postel's Law. It's
               | possible that was intentionally skipped to save
               | fractional cents, but I think it's also possible they
               | made the device and just never tested with a usb-c to
               | usb-c cable. "It works on my machine (which is too old to
               | have usb-c ports because we don't buy macbooks for
               | hardware designers)!"
        
           | numpad0 wrote:
           | No, it's the peripheral device. There were initial confusions
           | among bootleg/hacky manufacturers such as:
           | 
           | - whether CC pins are to be handled by the cable or by the
           | device,
           | 
           | - whether added pins are for insertion detection or for
           | protocol use by the host,
           | 
           | - which pins are to be pulled down or left NC for charging,
           | 
           | - whether USB-C is meant to be a "mobile" connector, or a
           | replacement for the USB-A connector, or how soon the
           | replacement is to occur.
           | 
           | As the result, there were some devices that has a USB-C input
           | but only works with an A to C cable.
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | I have a retro games portable that behaves the same way.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | Always, or did it just break the ability to flip it upside-
         | down?
        
           | zlsa wrote:
           | If the 5.1k pull-down resistors are missing on the device
           | side, it will not charge from a USB-C wall brick, laptop,
           | etc. in either orientation, but it will work fine when
           | charging from a USB-A outlet with a USB-A to USB-C cable.
           | This is because USB-C outlets are not permitted to provide
           | any power until they detect the presence of a "legacy" device
           | that just wants 5v (as signaled by the pull-down resistors on
           | the device).
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The USB crowd has managed to replicate the decades old problem
       | with DB-25 RS-232 cables.
       | 
       | I once worked in a data center where there was a rule that all
       | cables over 1 foot long must have all wires and be 1:1. Any
       | "adapters" were very short, labelled cables. USB-C is now there.
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | This was far more interesting than expected. Title more
       | appropriately "illegal and/or useful".
       | 
       | This talks about power. I'd also like to read one about all the
       | possible data and video usages and gotchas.
        
         | blacksmith_tb wrote:
         | And likely not "illegal" (housefires notwithstanding...) but
         | just in violation of spec (which is great when it scratches
         | your itch, but obnoxious when some combo of device and cable
         | won't do what you expect).
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | Eh, that's within the way the word is used; giving your CPU
           | an illegal instruction won't call the cops, but it will crash
           | your software.
        
       | ChuckMcM wrote:
       | This is a great discussion of all the ambiguity that has been
       | added to the USB spec along the way and how that ambiguity can
       | bite you. I'm fairly convinced at this late stage that the IETF
       | motto of "precise in what you send, flexible in what you receive"
       | is basically evil. When standards work around the non-compliance
       | of clients in creative ways (like HTTP browsers did, A LOT) they
       | become "well it isn't in the standard but if you don't do this
       | you'll break a lot of things out in the field" problems. That
       | resistance to breaking existing clients is understandable, but
       | ultimately it is a trap (in my opinion) that results in both
       | security issues and safety issues.
       | 
       | It would be interesting to have a USB 4.x spec that was both
       | explicit in all the behaviors AND had explicit tests for and
       | responses to non-compliant stuff. I don't think the IEEE or
       | anyone else for that matter has the stones to try the experiment
       | though.
        
         | brigade wrote:
         | Of these, I think the only one that can work solely because of
         | an overly "flexible in what you receive" is the USB condoms,
         | which shouldn't be encouraged in the first place. Specifically,
         | that people wanted to charge at more than 100mA without doing
         | real negotiation, so they ignored official USB specs came up
         | with a variety of static or simpler negotiations that could be
         | mimicked.
         | 
         | The un-negotiated 20V power input is a WTF and I've never seen
         | that before, but the typical behavior from a port not expecting
         | that is getting fried so it's not like anyone else is being
         | overly liberal.
         | 
         | The extension cable works because basically all physical
         | connections from the last 30 years or so are designed to still
         | try to work at a degraded level with subpar signal integrity,
         | because the world is analogue and you can't have a 100% perfect
         | signal. The sometimes missing pins can't be required without
         | breaking compatibility with pre-C ports that don't have them.
         | Likewise, the male-A to female-C adapter can't really be
         | distinguished from a male-A to male-C cable, so you can't
         | prevent it from working without also blocking those cables.
         | 
         | IMO the real issue is the USB-IF stubbornly refusing to allow
         | any legit versions of an extension cable (or I guess male-A to
         | female-C) with active circuitry to make them reliable/safe. A
         | hub allows male-A to male-A connections and length extension
         | after all...
        
         | jzwinck wrote:
         | If IEEE does that, some manufacturers will just ignore it. Sure
         | they may have to write weasel words like "USB compatible but
         | not USB authorized" on their products, but they'll dominate the
         | market by allowing people to use the largest variety of
         | devices.
        
           | zdragnar wrote:
           | The simplest practical way around that (imho) is to license
           | the name for the 4.x standard and be proactive in taking
           | action against anyone who uses the name or logo if their
           | cables or ports aren't compliant.
           | 
           | Of course, depending on the jurisdiction _who_ can actually
           | bring claims, and how damages can be calculated, vary
           | greatly.
           | 
           | I, for one, wouldn't buy "USB compatible but not USB
           | authorized" cables if it meant being secure in knowing that
           | the damned cable will actually work. Less tech savvy people
           | might not, but there's also people who can be tricked into
           | buying blinker fluid for their cars. There's gotta be a happy
           | medium somewhere.
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | Is that basically what Thunderbolt does?
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | > is to license the name for the 4.x standard
             | 
             | Oh, while you are at it, they will also need names that
             | don't keep changing and don't have synonyms.
             | 
             | The 4.x names are ok for reference in a standard, but they
             | are useless for consumer communication.
        
         | gumby wrote:
         | The negative impact of Postel's suggestion ("be conservative in
         | what you send, be liberal in what you accept", AKA the
         | "Robustness principle") is worse on end users than developers
         | in cases like USB.
         | 
         | USB is silently super backwards compatible. This is really good
         | in a pinch: I need to get the data off this drive and even if
         | it takes six hours because I only have a USB 2 cable I'm better
         | off than if I couldn't do it at all.
         | 
         | The problem is the opposite case for users: They have a fast
         | USB-4 drive (potentially 40 Gbps) and a USB 4 laptop but pick
         | up a USB-2 only cable. Hard for most people to diagnise,
         | especially as such a cable won't have an e-marker so the laptop
         | can't even query it. Or a slow charging cable for their device,
         | so they fancy laptop doesn't visibly charge, or only charges
         | overnight.
         | 
         | Even for me these cases are hard to diagnose. And harder to
         | understand than, say, using an inferior cable with your monitor
         | so you et no signal at all.
        
           | eternityforest wrote:
           | Most people who want 40Gbps can diagnose the issues, the rest
           | will assume "Oh, it takes 6 hours, better plan for it, that's
           | how it is". But it will work every. single. time. at those
           | very slow 2.0 speeds.
           | 
           | What they should do is give a popup saying "You have a slow
           | cable, it could be faster, go rummage till this message goes
           | away and mark the good one with a sharpie", and that wouldn't
           | need any changes to the spec
           | 
           | They've chosen reliability over quality. Cheap reliability is
           | a great thing. We did fine before fast hard drives, we can
           | often live without them. But we'll want to scream if we can't
           | get it working at all.
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | > go rummage till this message goes away and mark the good
             | one with a sharpie
             | 
             | I dunno if I even have the right kind, or how to even shop
             | for the right kind, because there are like 500 wrong kinds
             | that are all wrong for a different reason =/
             | 
             | Basically I just look for Thunderbolt 3/4 support and if it
             | doesn't have that, I give up, because who the heck has time
             | to understand 4000 kinds of incompatible USB?
        
               | eternityforest wrote:
               | Maybe they could have a link in the popup?
               | 
               | I wonder if you could start an online cables boutique
               | that just sold tested and reviewed cables and cable
               | management with a 50% markup for people who just don't
               | want to deal with it.
        
               | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
               | Then you have to wonder about how to make sure the link
               | doesn't 404.
               | 
               | And your store idea invalidates having cheaper devices
               | and cables and a ubiquitous protocol.
               | 
               | The only good thing about USBC is that if you moderately
               | keep up to date with all your devices, eventually,
               | recharging becomes relatively easy for all your devices.
               | I don't think I've ever had a problem charging a USBC
               | device. Generally everything charges everything. The high
               | power devices like laptops are probably the exception
               | since you need a brick that can deliver 65-80W[1].
               | 
               | 1. One reason why Apple Silicon is so appealing. The M2
               | Air is plenty fast and basically consumes the power of an
               | iPad. You don't need a 30W supply to charge it.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | > _What they should do is give a popup saying "You have a
             | slow cable, it could be faster, go rummage till this
             | message goes away and mark the good one with a sharpie",
             | and that wouldn't need any changes to the spec_
             | 
             | I think something like this exists in Windows. I'm not sure
             | under what conditions it triggers, but I remember
             | occasionally seeing a tooltip saying something like "this
             | device could work faster", directing me to plug it into a
             | different USB port.
        
               | xg15 wrote:
               | I remember this as well, but wasn't this way back if a
               | usb 2.0 device was on a 1.1 (!) port?
               | 
               | Not sure if they continued this for USB 3.0 and USB-C.
        
           | brookst wrote:
           | +1
           | 
           | I recently threw out all of my USB-C cables that are longer
           | than a foot but can't charge at 100w, because I decided USB-C
           | is a primarily a charging protocol, and I'll use wireless,
           | short cables, or Ethernet for data transfer and HDMI for
           | display.
           | 
           | The matrix of charging + data speeds in USB-C is a nightmare
           | and always resulted in having the wrong cable for the desired
           | devices and usage.
        
           | scarface74 wrote:
           | Until I need a USB C cable that can carry power and video for
           | my portable external display and almost no random cable that
           | you pick up supports it at all.
           | 
           | So I have to be extra sure that I have the right cable before
           | I leave for a trip.
        
             | slaymaker1907 wrote:
             | I'm sure the Quest 2 link cable is theoretically capable of
             | that. However, given that the standard is such a mess,
             | there's a decent probability that the display, computer, or
             | cable won't trust another component and thus fall back to
             | something much slower. It's also kind of hilarious that the
             | Quest 2 needs a separate USB-C cable from the included
             | USB-C charger to actually talk with a computer.
        
           | triska wrote:
           | Regarding the negative impact of Postel's suggestion, see
           | also _The Harmful Consequences of Postel 's Maxim_:
           | 
           | https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-thomson-
           | postel-w...
           | 
           | In Section 4, they define an alternative design principle
           | based on the lessons of protocol deployment:
           | 
           |  _Protocol designs and implementations should be maximally
           | strict._
        
           | nullish_signal wrote:
           | I tried using a power-only USB cable for data once, then
           | tossed it back in the bin. Later, tried it again, back in the
           | bin. I think on the 5th try, months later, I finally threw it
           | away.
           | 
           | Also, Dial-Up/Ethernet pairs seem to be too complex? Each
           | house I bring my Ethernet/wire Tester+Detector to, somewhere
           | I find a rat's nest of copper cable. Just today I found an
           | Ethernet cable that connects 4/8 to nearby the router, and
           | the other 2 Pairs of wire terminate in a Dial Up cable in
           | another room!?
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | I threw all of my random USB C cables and Lightning cables
             | away and standardized on these:
             | 
             | https://www.amazon.com/dp/B093YVRHMB?
             | 
             | - USB A and USB C on one end
             | 
             | - USB C, micro USB and Lightning on the other end
             | 
             | - 100W PD
             | 
             | - 20GB data
             | 
             | - video over USB C for my portable second display
             | (https://www.amazon.com/dp/B095GG31KX)
             | 
             | I never have to worry about the "right" cord. I did keep my
             | MagSafe cord for my Mac.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Does that standardisation have 6 cables (including the
               | MagSafe)?
        
             | baq wrote:
             | Fast Ethernet (the 100Mbps kind) doesn't use those pairs
             | and works just fine with low frequency noise of a landline
             | phone.
             | 
             | Any cable ran in the previous decade should be dedicated to
             | Ethernet, though...
        
         | asveikau wrote:
         | > "precise in what you send, flexible in what you receive" is
         | basically evil
         | 
         | I think it's a matter of where you apply it.
         | 
         | For a purely software construct such as a network protocol,
         | probably ok.
         | 
         | For something like negotiating current and voltage where making
         | the wrong decision can melt a cable or fry a circuit board, as
         | stated in TFA, obviously it doesn't fly.
        
           | Taywee wrote:
           | Even a purely software construct, it's evil. If you flexibly
           | receive, then popularly wrong data becomes the new standard.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | Evil, but strong. The two often go together.
        
             | asveikau wrote:
             | I feel like you are making an assumption that your flexible
             | implementation, or a single "wrong" implementation, becomes
             | dominant.
             | 
             | If there are _many_ implementations with differing amounts
             | of perceived flexibility or wrongness in different areas,
             | the average is going to be OK.
             | 
             | If misunderstanding a spec is so common that many
             | implementers are universally confused and "wrong" in the
             | same way, maybe it's the spec that was wrong, and the
             | misinterpretation should have been the spec.
             | 
             | Ps. Phrasing this as "evil" contrasting with good reads to
             | me as paranoid and melodramatic.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | The problem is that those implementations that do end up
               | being dominant then factually constitute an ill-defined
               | unwritten standard. There are just too many examples of
               | this. So it's good advice to not start being lenient,
               | because you never know what ends up being dominant. As a
               | sibling comment points out, being lenient in fact
               | increases your chances of becoming dominant.
        
               | speed_spread wrote:
               | Unfortunately the flexible implementation has a better
               | chance at becoming dominant as it will work in more cases
               | hence user are more likely to adopt it. Users don't care
               | about standards compliance in the short term (if ever),
               | they just want a solution to their use case, which is
               | understandable. Same reason Microsoft worked so hard to
               | keep deviant apps running on newer versions of Windows,
               | there's a quality to "it just keeps working no matter
               | what I do".
        
               | Taywee wrote:
               | I agree with "evil" being melodromatic of a term. I was
               | just using it for consistency.
               | 
               | Bad behavior being eventually codified into a standard
               | because implementations were lax and it's impossible to
               | go back on what everybody is now already doing is the
               | story behind much of the modern web as it exists. HTML
               | requiring closing tags for some elements, requiring a
               | lack of closing tags for others, and leaving the closing
               | tag still optional for yet others is a side effect of
               | common browser behaviors.
               | 
               | You're right that many implementations with different
               | wrongness smooths out the average in many cases, except
               | when all those implementations are expected to behave the
               | same way on the same bad data. Then they all converge to
               | the same bad behavior, which then becomes the new
               | standard. Perhaps that's organic and natural, but I still
               | wish we had a world where HTML was strictly compatible
               | with XML, or with any other structured and predictable
               | format.
        
         | duped wrote:
         | The problem isn't the philosophy but applying the philosophy
         | out of context. I don't want my device to be "flexible" in what
         | it accepts when we're talking about dozens of watts fed by
         | amperes of current into my hand or pocket.
         | 
         | Like there's a reason that Speak-On (1) was invented. It turns
         | out sharing a common connector for carrying power and signal
         | can be fucking dangerous.
         | 
         | (1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speakon_connector
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | I've seen more than one XLR based cable go up in a puff of
           | magic smoke, this is a nice industry response to a very real
           | problem. Better yet if the problem isn't detected during a
           | soundcheck. Whoever thought that using the same connector for
           | microphones as for speakers was a good idea wasn't thinking
           | clearly that day. Unfortunately there is still a lot of old
           | gear floating around so you get this:
           | 
           | https://www.bax-shop.nl/speakerkabels/klotz-
           | scasf030-neutrik...
        
             | duped wrote:
             | I've seen older stage monitors use powered TRS cables. I
             | still see it in amp heads and cabs. Powered signals on
             | exposed conductors. Better not touch it.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Oh, that must work great when you insert them and short
               | the connectors against ground...
        
               | duped wrote:
               | It's actually not that bad since the only thing on the
               | other end is a transducer that's already rated for a lot
               | of current. It's just rather dangerous to have powered
               | audio signals on exposed copper so you generally don't
               | hot swap the things. It's not so bad for amps since the
               | cables are very short and inaccessible, but for stage
               | monitors you can accidentally unplug it on stage.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I've been zapped by microphone stands more than once and
               | seen one musician take a serious hit just after plugging
               | in his guitar. Stage gear is handled quite rough by non-
               | experts and there is a ton of wear on plugs and cables.
               | Especially outdoor concerts can be pretty nasty from an
               | electrical point of view.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Haha I use speakon for charging + data of computer backpacks.
           | Because they can have more pins than xlr, can carry decent
           | load, have good strain relief and locking mechanism.
        
             | eternityforest wrote:
             | That's a little less horrible than XLR, because the common
             | use of speakon is already a designated "You're on your own"
             | protocol, since you have to verify yourself that the amp
             | isn't too much for the speaker and you're not feeding it
             | 80hz square waves.
        
       | joebergeron wrote:
       | Do standards organizations tend to release/sell/provide any sort
       | of "test harness" that vendors can use to validate their
       | implementations against? Some coworkers and I recently authored
       | an open API standard to be implemented by external vendors, and
       | the test harness we released alongside it was the single most
       | valuable tool we could possibly have provided to speed partner
       | integrations/catch problems early.
        
       | kennywinker wrote:
       | I had a recent brush with the chaos of USB-C. A device I built
       | was using what I assumed was a "standard" 6-pin usb port
       | (https://www.lcsc.com/product-detail/USB-Connectors_Korean-Hr...)
       | - but it wouldn't work with the cheap usb-c cables I had bought
       | for it. After a bunch of time with a continuity tester and
       | ultimately ripping one of the cables apart, it turns out the it
       | was a 6pin cable, but it had a different 6 pins connected. One of
       | them was "left handed" while the other was "right handed".
       | Maddening.
       | 
       | To help with this in the future, I recently ordered a run of
       | these usb cable testers from jlcpcb with some friends -
       | https://github.com/alvarop/usb_c_cable_tester - totally worth it
       | to never have to guess about a cable again.
       | 
       | (for the curious, a technical description of what was happening:
       | the cable had pins A1, A4, A5, B1, B4, and B5 all connected. The
       | port had pins A12, A9, A8, B12, B9, and B8 connected - If you
       | look at this in a pin diagram like the one on this page
       | https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2015/01/usb-3-1-and-type-c-t...
       | you can see that no matter which way around you put it in the
       | port you'll never get contact)
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | This is part of a hackaday series on USB C. Other posts:
       | https://hackaday.com/series_of_posts/all-about-usb-c/
        
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       (page generated 2022-12-27 23:00 UTC)