[HN Gopher] Japan's business owners can't find successors - one ...
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       Japan's business owners can't find successors - one man is giving
       his away
        
       Author : krn
       Score  : 37 points
       Date   : 2023-01-03 17:56 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | Barrin92 wrote:
       | Here in Germany I heard this a lot too as our economy is highly
       | reliant on small family business and there's a lot of succession
       | questions coming up as a huge chunk of the workforce ages into
       | retirement.
       | 
       | Despite lots of political kerfuffle a few years ago immigration
       | has been a huge boon. I can't tell you how often I've personally
       | heard how people were ready to close down long existing family
       | businesses because they had nobody to take over until they got
       | immigrants into vocational programs who now look like they may
       | continue the business in the future.
       | 
       | It's not just numbers either. A lot of domestic younger people
       | were so set on going to uni and going to work for large firms
       | that they just didn't want to take over their parents
       | agricultural, trades or crafts business. In particular talking to
       | Syrians this always stood out to me. A lot of them just seemed
       | thankful for the stability and security that comes from our
       | _Mittelstand_ that we tend to take for granted.
        
         | rr888 wrote:
         | Interesting that you mention Syrians. I know Nassim Taleb talks
         | a lot about people from the Levant really prize running your
         | own business. People who work in a regular office job get
         | little respect even if they earn more money. Skin in the game.
        
         | thriftwy wrote:
         | If businesses close down, eventually the remaining ones become
         | profitable enough that new people (genuine middle class with
         | ambitions) flock in.
        
           | andix wrote:
           | Im working in IT (kind of obvious on HN) and I'm playing with
           | the thought of buying some kind of business from someone who
           | is retiring. Something completely different (like plumbing or
           | electrician), where my knowledge is close to zero. It would
           | be quite a risk, but in IT we are used to learning a lot of
           | new things quickly. And I would need to have employees who
           | are experts in that field anyway.
           | 
           | A lot of those professions became way more complicated in the
           | last years (smart homes, computerized appliances, ...), and
           | many people who stepped up their career from being craftsmen
           | have trouble running those businesses nowadays.
        
       | mshake2 wrote:
       | Isn't this the natural progression of a shrinking population? If
       | you don't want this to happen, have lots of children.
        
       | jakzurr wrote:
       | Interesting article. Of course, the business comes with half a
       | million dollars debt, as well. So he's sort of selling it for
       | about $500,000.
       | 
       | I didn't see details, but I would guess the new owner probably is
       | required to wait a certain period (of years?) before liquidating
       | the business?
        
       | debacle wrote:
       | A friend of mine (not in Japan) took over the family business.
       | Previous to this, he was a "second chef" (is that a thing?) at a
       | relatively well known restaurant regionally.
       | 
       | He took a ~25% paycut, he works harder and longer than he did
       | before (as a chef, mind you, regularly known for 100+ hour
       | weeks), spends close to half of that time driving, and often
       | sleeps in the office. He went from probably being a few years
       | away from running his own three star restaurant to running an
       | unsalable, shrinking business, owns 400k worth of similarly
       | unsalable equipment, in a slowly dwindling industry (dry
       | cleaning).
       | 
       | His marriage has fallen apart (did I mention he moved 3 hours
       | away from his wife + children to run the business), his mental
       | health seems atrocious, and the only thing the future seems to
       | hold for him is a piece of a slowly shrinking pie.
       | 
       | His father built a burgeoning postwar business that gave his
       | family a good life, but markets change, and businesses that once
       | made sense no longer do.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | A second chef is probably a sous-chef. A fairly typical role,
         | they're basically the Will Riker of the kitchen.
         | 
         | FWIW: "...running his own three star restaurant..." often has
         | just as fraught a story attached to it.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Dry cleaning business? Shudder.
         | 
         | I spent some time over the holidays clearing out stuff and,
         | even though I don't still own a lot of suits and jackets these
         | days, I still have a lot of "business casual" I bought because
         | I would "always use it some point." I'll probably donate a lot
         | of it even the stuff that's never been opened.
         | 
         | This isn't true everywhere of course but a long time ago I
         | worked at a company that had dry cleaning collection of
         | premises. This was a computer company. That would be laughable
         | today.
        
           | yamtaddle wrote:
           | A bunch of the wool stuff that's so trendy among HN-reader
           | sorts the last few years is supposed to be dry-clean only.
           | Though I think some folks just rarely wash it, and hand-wash
           | in a sink or something on the rare occasions that they do.
        
           | yial wrote:
           | I don't know... I feel like slightly pivoting - tablecloth
           | rental, rag rental, napkin rental to restaurants / labs / etc
           | might still be profitable. Know of two businesses that use
           | those services. (One a restaurant, one a lab ).
        
       | Kaibeezy wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/q4SyZ
       | 
       | Question: Could this be a path to a visa for someone who wants to
       | immigrate?
        
         | RestlessMind wrote:
         | Eventually, developed and aging countries like Japan or South
         | Korea have to import immigrants or simply die away gradually.
         | Either way, their cultures are going to cease the way they are
         | today.
        
           | onepointsixC wrote:
           | So what happens when the whole world becomes developed?
           | Immigration as a solution to population decline seems like a
           | temporary fix.
        
             | dropit_sphere wrote:
             | https://twitter.com/extradeadjcb/status/1609972258725892097
        
               | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
               | Scrolling down a bit, I see this reply:
               | 
               | >If say, blue deep state dysfunction keeps getting worse,
               | and it ends up couped by reds who purge & reform the
               | federal government along the lines of less handouts, more
               | guns, and set up the system so that political power of
               | unproductive classes is minimized, woke may just die out.
               | 
               | Wow.
        
           | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
           | How is ,,replacing the native population with immigrants"
           | materially different from ,,dying away gradually"?
        
             | sharkjacobs wrote:
             | It's the difference between Miami, a city whose population
             | is more than fifty percent immigrants, and Detroit, a city
             | whose population has declined more than fifty percent.
        
               | jdhn wrote:
               | To argue that Detroits issues are because of the lack of
               | immigrants is a joke.
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | In the former universe, you lose genetic continuity but may
             | retain cultural continuity. Up to you whether that matters.
             | To the Japanese, who adopt adults into the family to
             | preserve the family business notion, one can speculate that
             | they care about the cultural continuity more than the
             | genetic continuity, but it's hard to tell.
             | 
             | Most online descriptions of Japanese people appear as
             | caricatures, but from the few who I know who live in Japan,
             | they are like any other human group: if some form of
             | continuity or success is the only form accessible they will
             | accept it.
        
               | thriftwy wrote:
               | Most countries who import a lot of labor tend to
               | specialize on a narrow profile of immigrants (Turks in
               | Germany, Latinos in the US, Central Asians in Russia),
               | hence they are not getting cultural continuity. The
               | imported labor clings together and forms a distinct
               | culture.
               | 
               | In this regard it would make sense to eat it up and
               | accept population decline. Japan of 50 million Japanese
               | is still Japan. Japan of 40 million Japanese and 40
               | million Filipino is no longer Japan. May still be
               | passable country, though.
        
               | Armisael16 wrote:
               | Turks make up less than 15% of immigrants in Germany.
               | 
               | The US currently gets more Asian immigrants than Latinos.
        
       | CobaltFire wrote:
       | My FiL shut down his multigenerational business in Japan for
       | exactly this reason.
       | 
       | I was not in a position to take it over and no-one else in the
       | family wanted it. It was a very successful shop with a built in
       | client base and hugely recognizable name in that community.
       | 
       | Culturally the lack of children means there are fewer chances for
       | someone to want to take over a family business, so the likelihood
       | of someone taking it over drops every generation.
        
         | abledon wrote:
         | Elon's twitter feed is 5% about this issue lol
        
           | nequo wrote:
           | He does have nine[1] living children though.
           | 
           | [1] https://archive.ph/20220707002423/https://www.thetimes.co
           | .uk...
        
         | BitwiseFool wrote:
         | Japan has a very service oriented business culture and from
         | what I can tell a lot of the loyalty is based on knowing the
         | owner and their family. Is it possible so many Japanese are
         | unwilling to take over a business because they predict that the
         | longtime customers will feel alienated and underwhelmed by the
         | relationship with the new owner? In other words, do potential
         | buyers purposefully avoid taking over business because they
         | know they cannot live up to expectations in the same way a
         | family member can?
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | They've actually got a trick for this.
           | 
           | > "In Japan, 98% of adoptions are actually adult men, aged
           | between 20-30 years old -- not children."
           | 
           | > "In Japan, there is a several-hundred-year-old tradition in
           | which businesses adopt their executives so companies or
           | institutions are "family-run" groups. In other words, bosses
           | adopt their employees."
           | 
           | https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/japanese-
           | adoption-r...
        
           | CobaltFire wrote:
           | This is accurate; no one outside the family would have been
           | able to use the client base.
        
         | luckylion wrote:
         | Are the children shying away from it because whatever business
         | it is just isn't something they like (i.e. vegans not wanting
         | to take over a butcher's shop), are they finding better offers
         | outside of the family business (i.e. the businesses aren't
         | making money), do they just not need to work because the
         | business have made the family wealth (which is what I see a lot
         | in Germany), or is it something else entirely?
        
           | jakzurr wrote:
           | My impression is, most of them want better pay. (And probably
           | better hours, as some of these business owners wear many
           | hats, and work very long days.)
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | And if they are in the Japanese career system, likely more
             | stability and less uncertainty. Owning even a self-
             | sustaining small business isn't always that great style of
             | living.
        
           | CobaltFire wrote:
           | I'm this case no one had the interest in it.
           | 
           | The family is very well off by Japanese standards but they
           | all work.
        
       | mistrial9 wrote:
       | typical business press doublespeak -- "can't means won't".
        
       | thriftwy wrote:
       | In post-soviet countries and especially Russia, there are
       | virtually no businesses older than 30 years (communism means no
       | business to speak of), and most of them are quite new still,
       | since there were a few different epochs already and every one had
       | its own mass extinction event at the end.
       | 
       | The upside is that almost everything is run by people who are not
       | old, hence not stuck in the past. Also, gravitate towards hiring
       | instead of famity ties, and towards horizontal growth instead of
       | forever keeping a single store or eatery.
        
       | andix wrote:
       | The same thing is happening all over Western Europe too. There
       | are increasingly fewer young people and a lot of them are first
       | or second generation immigrants, that are lacking the needed
       | skills/knowledge to run a business.
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | From article:
         | 
         | > But their own children have now mostly moved to cities in
         | search of higher-paying, less onerous work.
         | 
         | Perhaps they have plenty of skills, look at the rewards, and
         | "Nope" right out.
         | 
         | Running a small business is _ferociously_ hard, and you are
         | almost always better off taking a nice, cushy, well-paying
         | salary somewhere if you have the option--in spite of the
         | general HN zeitgeist, advice, and bias towards startups.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | andix wrote:
           | But with most of those cushy desk jobs it's really hard to
           | make a living nowadays. 95% will probably never be able to
           | buy a house, and also owning a car got too expensive for many
           | of them (although that may be a thing). As a small business
           | owner you can easily make two or three times what a white
           | collar worker with a master degree makes.
        
         | ccity88 wrote:
         | In my experience, it's the exact opposite. It's the first and
         | second generation immigrants who tend to have more kids and who
         | tend to bring in fresh labour pools, and therefore more
         | business making and running opportunities. This is a
         | longstanding problem for any country that has an aging
         | population, but the going solution (at least in Europe) has
         | been to import labour by turning the needle on immigration.
         | Japan hasn't done this, and they're notoriously anti-
         | immigration. Think about the businesses that get created -
         | local cultural food shops, cultural clothing shops, even in
         | some cases entire submarkets to service immigrant communities.
         | As time goes on, like or not, but countries that failed to
         | adapt to the global era will fall behind to those willing to
         | take a chance on immigration.
        
         | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
         | That's interesting that that's a quality of immigrants. I feel
         | like that's actually just everyone who doesn't own a business.
        
           | andix wrote:
           | A lot of the immigrants don't speak the language at all (and
           | no other European language), or not very well, which is kind
           | of a show stopper.
        
           | Taniwha wrote:
           | You have to remember that immigrants tend to be self-selected
           | - they're the people with the get up and go to leave their
           | lives and travel to another country and make another new life
           | - of course there are more entrepreneurs in immigrant
           | communities
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > You have to remember that immigrants tend to be self-
             | selected - they're the people with the get up and go to
             | leave their lives and travel to another country and make
             | another new life - of course there are more entrepreneurs
             | in immigrant communities
             | 
             | On top og self-selection, they are also selected by the
             | immigration system, which is... not a neutral force.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/5gIu2
        
       | rr888 wrote:
       | I heard in the West its similar, lots of baby boomers want to
       | retire with small businesses that no one wants to take over.
        
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